Publications

cytoplasmic structures associated with an arbovirus infection: loci of viral ribonucleic acid synthesis.	unique cytoplasmic structures, herein designated as type i cytopathic vacuoles (cpv-i), are found in chick embryo cells early in the logarithmic phase of semliki forest virus replication. high resolution autoradiography demonstrated that the cpv-i are loci of (3)h-uridine incorporation. this evidence correlates well with previous biochemical data and electron microscopy of the subcellular fractions active in semliki forest virus ribonucleic acid synthesis. origin of the cpv-i within host cell cy ...	1968	5750316
comparison of the ribonucleic acid subunits of reovirus, cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus, and wound tumor virus.	double-stranded ribonucleic acid (rna) from intact cytoplasmic polynedrosis virus (cpv) and wound tumor virus (wtv) was analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. using rna from type 3 reovirus as a standard, it was calculated that cpv-rna consisted of 9 subunits corresponding to a molecular weight of 12.7 x 10(6) and wtv-rna consisted of 12 subunits corresponding to a molecular weight of 15.5 x 10(6).	1969	16789117
the site of rna synthesis of a cytoplasmic-polyhedrosis virus (cpv) in malacosoma disstria.		1970	5449739
occluded and free virions in midgut cells of malacosoma disstria infected with cytoplasmic-polyhedrosis virus (cpv).		1970	5501205
membrane-associated replication complex in arbovirus infection.	cytoplasmic extracts of chicken embryo fibroblast cells infected with semliki forest virus were subjected to isopycnic centrifugation in discontinuous sucrose gradients. seven distinct bands were usually formed. the four upper bands contained predominantly smooth membranes and the lowest band was enriched in rough endoplasmic reticulum. one fraction (fraction 5), banding at a density of 1.16 g/cm(3), was found to be heavily enriched in pulse-labeled ribonucleic acid (rna), viral rna polymerase, ...	1972	4342056
comparison of the structure and polypeptide composition of three double-stranded ribonucleic acid-containing viruses (diplornaviruses): cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus, wound tumor virus, and reovirus.	iodination of reovirus, cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv), and wound tumor virus (wtv), and their respective subviral forms, followed by analysis of the labeled polypeptides by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, has been used to compare the protein contents of these three diplornaviruses. this approach, when combined with electron microscopy and buoyant density determinations, appears capable of localizing individual polypeptides in some of the viral and subviral forms. cpv (p = 1.435 ...	1972	4636394
specific membranous structures associated with the replication of group a arboviruses.	intracytoplasmic membranous structures of a unique type were associated with the replication of three group a arboviruses: semliki forest virus (sfv), sindbis virus, or western equine encephalomyelitis virus. the structures, referred to as type 1 cytopathic vacuoles (cpv-1), were membrane-limited and characteristically lined by regular membranous spherules measuring 50 nm in diameter. the membranous spherules typically contained a fine central density, but were neither virus cores nor virions. d ...	1972	4672392
cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) of malacosoma disstria: rna polymerase activity in purified free viroin.		1972	5018698
[classification of the camel pox virus (cpv)].		1973	4768059
virus-induced cytoplasmic membrane structures associated with semliki forest virus infection studied by the freeze-etching method.	intracellular membrane structures associated with the semliki forest virus replication process were studied from freeze-etch replicas. cleaved membrane structures inside the cpv i type vacuoles lacked the typical membrane particles present on most other fractured membranes. cpv ii type vacuoles present in thin sections were obscured in the freeze-etch replicas by the cytoplasmic ground substance.	1974	4129842
"methylation-coupled" transcription by virus-associated transcriptase of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus containing double-stranded rna.	s-adenosyl-l-methionine (sam) activated the virus-associated rna polymerase of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus in vitro. synthesis of single-stranded viral rna (mrna) proceeded depending on the presence of sam.a methyl residue of sam was incorporated into an rna molecule. a ribose moiety of adenylic acid in the 5'-terminal region of the nascent rna was methylated in the very early stage of the transcription. the dependence of the viral transcription on the presence of sam and the methylation of t ...	1974	10793759
a provisional classification of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses based on the sizes of the rna genome segments.	the rna genome segments of thirty-three isolates of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses (cpvs) were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. major differences were observed in the gel profiles of the rna segments from many of the viruses; differences which were reinforced by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the virus structural proteins. as a result of these studies, a provisional classification scheme for cpvs is proposed, where viruses with similar rna gel profiles are included within ...	1976	789818
an electron-microscopic study of the development of virulent and avirulent strains of semliki forest virus in mouse brain.	two strains of semliki forest virus (sfv), the avirulent and virulent, were used to study the development of virus in both baby and adult mouse brain. the development of sfv in the brain was similar in baby and adult brain using the virulent strain and in the baby mouse brain using the avirulent strain. mature virus could not be found in adult mouse brain using the avirulent strain. this paper shows that extracellular virus particles near the cell membrane stimulate the formation of coated vesi ...	1976	932776
factors involved in the expression of cowpox virus-specific antigen in sendai virus carrier cells.	formation of cowpox virus-specific cell surface antigen (cpvs-ag) hvj (sendai virus) carrier cells compared to that in parent cells. temperature shifts from 32 to 35 to 37 degrees c for these carrier cultures reduced this enhancing activity, making them equivalent to parent cells. the eclips phase and one-step growth of cpv in the carrier cells were shorter than in normal cells. extracts of carrier cells exhibited a stimulating activity causing the temporary rise and subsequent lowering of cpv i ...	1976	185330
effect of tunicamyein on the morphogenesis of semliki forest virus and rous sarcoma virus.	semliki forst virus (sfv) infected chick embroyo cells (cec) incubated in the presence of tunicamyein, a drug which specifically inhibits glycosylation, were studied under the electron microscope. no extracellular virions were produced although intracellular viral nucleocapsids in paracrystalline form were detected. under these conditions the structures, referred to as type 1 and 2 cytopathic vacuoles (cpv-1 and cpv-2, respectively) as well as membraneous spherules at the plasma membrane could s ...	1977	200200
the properties of two recent isolates of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses.	cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses (cpvs) were isolated from laboratory cultures of bombyx mori and spodoptera exempta. the electrophoretic profile of the rna segments of both viruses showed similarities with that of type 1 cpv. however, whereas the virus isolate from b. mori appeared identical to type 1 cpv (as assessed by serology, as well as the comparative mobilities of rna segments and structural polypeptides), the isolate from s. exempta was distinct. three of the ten viral rna segments did ...	1977	323189
cellular proteases increased in paramyxovirus (sendai virus) carrier cells possibly responsible for enhanced formation of cowpox virus-specific cell surface antigen.	cowpox virus (cpv) growth and its s-ag (cell surface antigen) formation in hvj (sendai virus) carrier cells pre-treated with actinomycin d or puromycin were not affected as much as those in parent cells. these suggest the different cellular functions of carrier cells. the activity of carrier cell extracts causing a characteristic degradation of cpv reacted with them in vitro disappeared after the pre-incubation of extracts with hemoglobin or casein. measurements of cellular protease activities ...	1977	15532
effect of double infection of cowpox virus-infected cells with paramyxovirus (sendai virus) on formation of cowpox virus-specific cell surface antigen.	the formation of cowpox virus-specific cell surface antigen (cpv s-ag) was significantly enhanced by double infection with hvj (sendai virus). simultaneous double infection, superinfection with hvj and superinfection with cpv of cells persistently infected with hvj similarly enhanced the formation of cpv s-ag, while pre-infection with hvj was ineffective. to be effective, cells must be infected at a m.o.i. of greater than or equal to 1.0 and hvj gene functions had to be expressed. the hvj-infect ...	1978	88002
an electron-microscopic study of avirulent and virulent semliki forest virus in the brains of different ages of mice.	ultrastructural studies of brains infected with avirulent and virulent strains of semliki forest virus (sfv) were performed in 2-7, 14, 19, and 21-28 day old mice. mature virus particles, dense clumps of fine granules, spherules and advanced stages of viral development i.e. cytopathic vacuoles, type ii (cpv ii) are seen in the brains at all ages with the virulent strain which is pathogenic to all age group of mice. in the avirulent strain infection which is pathogenic to mice below 15 days old, ...	1978	739267
"pretranscriptional capping" in the biosynthesis of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus mrna.	the in vitro synthesis of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) mrna was previously shown to be dependent upon the presence of the methyl donor s-adenosylmethionine (adomet). we now find that the competitive inhibitor of methylation, s-adenosylhomocysteine (adohcy), also stimulates cpv mrna synthesis efficiently, resulting in the synthesis of viral mrnas containing 5'-terminal gpppa and ppa, rather than m(7)gpppam as observed with adomet. in addition to adohcy, other adomet analogues, including s ...	1978	349555
the multicomponent genome of a different cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus isolated from heliothis armigera.	the genome of a new cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) isolated from heliothis armigera has been shown to consist of 10 double-stranded rna segments, as in other cpvs, but the genome profile on page bears no resemblance to previously described cpvs isolated from h.armigera.	1978	361635
a new host, simulium argyreatum meig., for the cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of blackflies in czechoslovakia.	the cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) from the midgut of blackfly larvae is recorded from a population of simulium argyreatum in czechoslovakia. a 7.7% infection of 2766 sampled larvae was manifested by white spots in their body. 85% of the white-spotted larvae were infected with cpv when sampled in june. in august 9% of 1377 larvae had white spots but only 10.6% of them were with cpv. out of 823 collected pupae, only 3 imperfect pupae had the virus in apparent form. other infections producin ...	1978	369963
sudden death in young dogs with myocarditis caused by parvovirus.	sudden death of pups in the 4- to 6-week age range has recently been occurring in western canada as a result of severe, primary, nonsuppurative myocarditis. at necropsy, the prominent macroscopic lesion was pulmonary edema, and microscopically, characteristic intranuclear inclusion bodies were found within cardiac myofibers in association with myocarditis. ultrastructurally, numerous small particles resembling parvoviruses were found within the intranuclear inclusion bodies, which were positive ...	1979	438048
canine viral enteritis. ii. morphologic lesions in naturally occurring parvovirus infection.	the morphologic lesions associated with naturally occurring canine parvovirus infection are described. the disease is characterized by necrosis of crypt epithelium in the small intestine and of lymphoid tissue in peyers patches, lymph nodes, spleen and thymus.	1979	467076
canine parvovirus isolated in uk.		1979	516351
vaccination against canine parvovirus.		1979	532070
canine viral enteritis. recent developments.	two apparently novel viral gastroenteritides of dogs were recognized in 1978: one caused by a parvo-like virus (cpv) and one by a corona-like virus (ccv). a rotavirus has also been tentatively associated with neonatal pup enteritis. canine viral enteritis is characterized by a sudden onset of vomiting and diarrhea, rapid spread and high morbidity. treatment is only supportive but must be initiated promptly. infected animals should be isolated immediately; the extremely contagious nature of these ...	1979	224304
canine parvovirus--a new disease.		1979	229621
antigenic differences between canine parvovirus and feline panleucopenia virus.		1980	6266119
hemagglutination by canine parvovirus: serologic studies and diagnostic applications.	conditions for canine parvoviral hemagglutination (ha) and hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) reactions were defined. the ha phenomena were used to differentiate canine parvovirus (cpv) from feline panleukopenia virus (fpv), mink enteritis virus (mev), and minute virus of canines. serologic comparisons of the cpv, fpv, and mev by ha-hi and serum-neutralization tests indicated that cpv, fpv, and mev were antigenically similar but were different from minute virus of canines. diagnostic application o ...	1980	6250432
canine parvovirus: update.		1980	6254222
origin of canine parvovirus.		1980	6254227
canine parvovirus: safety and efficacy of attenuated feline panleucopenia vaccine.		1980	6254234
canine viral enteritis: prevalence of parvo-, corona- and rotavirus infections in dogs in the netherlands.	after a brief review of the present knowledge about canine viral enteritis, the role played by parvoviral, coronaviral and rotaviral infections in contagious diarrhoea in dogs in the netherlands is discussed. for this purpose a serologic survey, pathologic findings in dogs, and the demonstration of parvoviral antigen with an immunofluorescence test and with a newly developed haemadsorption-elution-haemagglutination assay (heha) are presented. it is concluded that infections with canine parvoviru ...	1980	6255629
fpl vaccine and canine parvovirus.		1980	6255666
fpl vaccine and canine parvovirus.		1980	6255667
canine parvovirus vaccination.		1980	6258042
titration of a cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus by a tissue microculture assay: some applications.	a simple tissue microculture technique was developed for the titration of a cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) from euxoa scandens. the procedure was similar to the 50% tissue culture infectious dose assay, but a single infected cell, detected by the presence of cytoplasmic polyhedra, was scored rather than the degeneration of cell monolayers. the filtration of cpv suspensions resulted in decreased virus titers under certain conditions. this microculture assay was used to determine the effect ...	1980	6987194
canine parvovirus infection.		1980	7210433
studies on canine parvovirus infections: development of an inactivated vaccine.	parvoviruses isolated from the intestines of dogs that died of an enteric infection were propagated in various parasynchronized canine and feline cell cultures. viral antigen could be visualized in infected cell cultures with the aid of fluorescein-labeled feline, as well as porcine, parvovirus antisera, and in an indirect test with sera from dogs that had recovered from a parvovirus infection. the virus hemagglutinated porcine rbc at 4 c and 25 c but not at 37 c. an inactivated canine parvovir ...	1980	7212436
acute and chronic canine parvovirus myocarditis following intrauterine inoculation.	canine myocarditis virus was inoculated into puppies in utero 8 days before parturition. puppies were clinically normal at birth. one puppy died 23 days after inoculation and a second puppy was comatose before euthanasia on day 27 post inoculation. both had acute, non-suppurative myocarditis, and parvovirus was isolated from the heart of each pup. two other puppies remained clinically normal until euthanasia at 87 and 131 days after inoculation. these latter puppies had extensive, focal fibrosis ...	1980	7225002
canine parvovirus disease: a caution against routine vaccination.		1980	7225013
canine parvovirus disease.		1980	7257105
vaccination of greyhounds against canine parvovirus.		1980	7355563
efficiency and safety of an inactivated feline parvovirus vaccine against canine parvovirus infection.	inactivated feline parvovirus vaccine produced in a continuous feline cell line evoked a protective canine parvovirus antibody titer and prevented virus shedding following challenge in previously seronegative puppies. post-vaccinal reactions to the vaccine were not observed in laboratory puppies vaccinated with multiple doses of vaccine or in vaccinated puppies from 5 clinics and/or animal shelters.	1980	7366579
a serological survey of canine parvovirus infection in new south wales, australia.	a serological survey was conducted to ascertain, by haemagglutination inhibition testing, the presence of antibodies to canine parvovirus in 428 dogs in new south wales, australia. the first positive canine serum was one collected in may 1978 and the numbers of serologically positive dogs have increased markedly over the last 18 months. twenty cats which had been vaccinated with feline panleucopenia vaccine were tested for antibody to the canine virus. none of them had a positive titre.	1980	7376383
canine parvoviral disease: experimental reproduction of the enteric form with a parvovirus isolated from a case of myocarditis.	five 7-week-old pups and four 4-week-old pups, all seronegative to canine parvovirus, were inoculated intravenously with 1000 haemagglutinating units of canine parvovirus originally isolated from the myocardium of a dog with naturally occurring myocarditis. after three days, pups in both litters became pyrexic, anorectic and depressed, with vomiting and diarrhoea. the 4-week-old pups were killed on day 4, and the 7-week-old pups died or were killed on day 5 post-inoculation. histological examina ...	1980	7404970
vaccination and canine parvovirus.		1980	7434515
canine parvovirus infection.		1980	7445338
demonstration by electron microscopy of parvovirus-like particles in canine parvovirus myocarditis.		1980	7445409
canine parvovirus infection.		1980	7445411
canine parvovirus infection in south american canids.	canine parvovirus (cpv) infections occurred in 5 of 35 south american canids at the department of conservation (dc), a breeding facility of the national zoological park in front royal, va. the clinical signs were anorexia, lethargy, diarrhea, and vomiting. three of the affected canids survived and had high hemagglutination-inhibition titers to cpv in the recovery period. necropsy of the 2 that died revealed extensive necrosis of the intestinal mucosa; cpv particles were observed by electron micr ...	1980	7451312
parvovirus infection in translocated raccoons.	severe enteritis attributed to parvovirus infection was diagnosed in raccoons (procyon lotor) purchased from a commercial animal dealer for interstate translocation. intestinal lesions included edema, hyperemia, and focal mucosal necrosis. microscopically, intestinal villi were reduced markedly, and there was necrosis of the glandular crypts. intranuclear inclusions were seen in many crypt cells. a parvovirus that was infective for crandell feline kidney cells and primary canine kidney cells was ...	1980	7451313
experimental challenge of dogs with canine parvovirus-2.		1980	7456298
canine parvovirus infection.		1980	7467093
canine parvovirus infection.		1980	6945518
canine parvovirus: a cause of chronic myocardial fibrosis and adolescent congestive heart failure.		1980	7230747
gene mapping of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of silkworm by the full-length mrna prepared under optimized conditions of transcription in vitro.	viral mrna synthesis by the rna polymerase associated with purified cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) was studied. the formation of full-length mrna products was facilitated by including in the reaction mixture 100 mm sodium acetate, high concentrations of ribonucleoside triphosphates, and proteinase k. the 10 different species of cpv mrnas were resolved into 9 discrete rna bands by agarose gel electrophoresis at ph 3.5 in buffer containing 7 m urea. each purified viral mrna hybridized specif ...	1980	18631652
relation of the structure of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus and the synthesis of its messenger rna.	cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) was observed under an electron microscope using a combination of staining and shadowing methods. projections, not only in positions horizontal to the grid but also vertical, were clearly visualized. when the particle was mildly disrupted with edta, genome dsrna was released from a projection. if the particle was previously fixed with glutaraldehyde and then disrupted, dsrna was released with a protein particle, which seemed to correspond to the base part of t ...	1980	18631679
canine viral enteritis: prevalence of parvo-, corona- and rotavirus infections in dogs in the netherlands.	summary after a brief review of the present knowledge about canine viral enteritis, the role played by parvoviral, coronaviral and rotaviral infections in contagious diarrhoea in dogs in the netherlands is discussed. for this purpose a serologic survey, pathologic findings in dogs, and the demonstration of parvoviral antigen with an immunofluorescence test and with a newly developed haemadsorption-elution-haemagglutination assay (heha) are presented. it is concluded that infections with ca ...	1980	22039978
vaccination against canine parvovirus.		1981	7236147
stimulation of transcription by s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine and virion-encapsidated methyl donor in spring viraemia of carp virus.	s-adenosyl-l-methionine (sam), a methyl donor, and its analogue s-adenyl-l-homocysteine (sah), an inhibitor of methylation, stimulate the activity of spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv) virion transcriptase. the stimulation observed for svcv is analogous to that observed previously (furuichi, 1974, 1978) for a totally unrelated virus, cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv). in the absence of exogenous sam, rna with 5'-methylated termini (presumptive gpppampap) was produced, indicating that svcv h ...	1981	7276915
canine parvovirus myocarditis: clinical signs and pathological lesions encountered in natural cases.	canine parvovirus (cpv) myocarditis was diagnosed in 11 puppies during 1979. the diagnosis was made at histopathological examination on the basis of 2 characteristic lesions: a subacute to chronic fibrous myocarditis and the presence of large, basophilic intranuclear inclusions in the cardiac myofibres. the puppies varied from 31/2 to 8 weeks of age and all died suddenly without prior symptoms except for 1 pup which developed a severe respiratory dyspnoea 12 h before death. the presence of white ...	1981	7277370
[canine parvovirus infection in a group of beagles (author's transl)].	an outbreak of canine parvovirus infection in a group of 26 beagles was described. the disease characterized by acute intestinal involvement was highly contagious but fatality was low (1/26). transient leukopenia was recorded in some animals. all the convalescent sera were positive in agar gel diffusion test using feline panleukopenia virus antigen. histopathological examination on fetal dog revealed regressive change associated with formation of amphophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the ...	1981	7286068
canine parvovirus infection.		1981	7287196
studies on canine parvovirus isolation, experimental infection and serologic survey.		1981	7289337
a modified live canine parvovirus strain with novel plaque characteristics. i. viral attenuation and dog response.	a canine parvovirus (cpv) strain (c-780916) was found attenuated for pups at 80, but not after 51 serial passages in dog kidney cell (dkc) cultures. a variant viral population ('large plaque') emerged after prolonged cultivation in dkc cultures that may be associated with reduced native virulence. dogs vaccinated with modified cpv developed high hemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) antibody titers within 4 days of incoluation and antibody persisted. vaccinated animals shed small amounts of virus in ...	1981	7318443
experimental parvovirus infection in dogs.	five eight week old dogs were inoculated orally and intranasally with cell culture origin canine parvovirus. three dogs became depressed and anorectic and developed a mild (one dog) to severe diarrhea five days postinfection. the remaining dogs had subclinical infections but developed a lymphopenia followed by a transient lymphocytosis. the ill dogs developed mild (one dog) to severe neutropenia and a moderate lymphopenia. one died nine days postinfection. recovery was associated with cessation ...	1981	7340906
concomitant occurrence of campylobacter and parvoviruses in dogs with gastroenteritis.	in 1979 a canine parvovirus infection was widespread among dogs in sweden. during the epizootic faecal samples were taken for bacteriological examination from 77 hospitalised dogs at an animal clinic. forty-nine of the dogs had signs of gastroenteritis and they were all infected with canine parvovirus according to serological investigations. the remaining 28 dogs were referred to the clinic for other reasons. campylobacter was isolated from 23 out of the 49 dogs with gastroenteritis and from 4 o ...	1981	7342413
canine parvovirus in a commercial kennel: epidemiologic and pathologic findings.	a study was conducted at a large canine commercial kennel that had suffered serious losses due to epidemic diarrheal disease following the introduction of canine parvovirus (cpv) into the kennel population. mortality was highest in weaned (9- to 12-week-old) puppies coincident with the decline in maternal antibody titers. virus was present in fecal samples from both fatal and non-fatal cases. intestinal lesions of varying severity were present in dogs that died. one case of myocarditis occurred ...	1981	7226850
a single radial haemolysis test for measuring canine parvovirus antibody.		1981	7015678
production of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) polyhedra in a gamma irradiated lymantria dispar cell line.	lymantria dispar cells wee exposed to different doses of gamma radiation one hour after infection with cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv). it was found that irradiated cells can produce infectious polyhedra. modifications in the structure and in the process of maturation of the polyhedra were noted. the number of polyhedra per cell increased significantly after cell irradiation at 10(4) and 10(5) rads but no change was noted after cell treatment at 10(2) rads. on the other hand, morphological ...	1981	7023418
separation of the plus and minus strands of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus and human reovirus double-stranded genome rnas by gel electrophoresis.	the complementary strands of most of the genome double-stranded rna segments of insect cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) and human reovirus are separated for the first time by agarose gel electrophoresis in in the presence of 7 m urea. cpv (+) strands and most reovirus (-) strands migrate faster than the corresponding strands of opposite polarity. glyoxal treatment, which modifies guanine residues and prevents g-c basepairing, results in a loss of strand resolution and concomitantly a signifi ...	1981	7029468
canine parvovirus infection.		1981	6940049
electrophoretic characterization of proteins and rna of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) from euxoa scandens.	a cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) was isolated from euxoa scandens and propagated in vitro in lymantria dispar cells. the virions and polyhedra were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. polyhedra produced in vivo and in vitro contained six polypeptides with identical relative mobilities while nonoccluded viral particles produced in vivo were composed of four polypeptides. the rna content of the purified virions extracted from infected midgut was resolved in ten segments with mole ...	1981	7036955
[3h-methyl]-methionine as possible methyl donor for formation of 5'-terminus of in vitro synthesized mrna of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of silkworm bombyx mori.	the mrna of the cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of silkworm bombyx mori could be synthesized in vitro through the action of the virion associated rna-polymerase in the presence of [3h-methyl]-methionine instead of s-adenosyl-l-methionine. the 3h-mrna is isolated from the reaction mixture through a column of deae-sephadex a-25 and digested with nuclease p1 and snake venom phosphodiesterase. the results of paper electrophoresis show that the methyl group of methionine is incorporated into the 5'-te ...	1981	7038870
[detection of antibodies against the canine parvovirus in healthy dogs with indirect immunofluorescence technique (author's transl)].		1981	6260454
comparison of canine parvovirus with mink enteritis virus by restriction site mapping.	the genomes of canine parvovirus and mink enteritis virus were compared by restriction enzyme analysis of their replicative-form dnas. of 79 mapped sites, 68, or 86%, were found to be common for both types of dna, indicating that canine parvovirus and mink enteritis virus are closely related viruses. whether they evolved from a common precursor or whether canine parvovirus is derived from mink enteritis virus, however, cannot be deduced from our present data.	1981	6264109
canine viruses and multiple sclerosis.	serum and cerebrospinal fluid from multiple sclerosis (ms) patients and control subjects were tested and compared for presence and titer of neutralizing antibody against the most common canine viruses. canine viruses included canine distemper virus (cdv), canine adenovirus 1 (cav-1), canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), canine herpesvirus (chv), canine coronavirus (ccv), and canine parvovirus (cpv). neutralizing titers against measles virus (mv) and human adenovirus 8 (ha8) were also tested. signi ...	1981	6267515
toxigenic clostridium perfringens from a parvovirus-infected dog.	a strain of clostridium perfringens, type a, has been isolated from the intestine of a dog which died from parvovirus infection. this clostridium strain produces a toxin which can be detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis, using c. difficile antitoxin, and produces cytotoxicity in wi-38 cell culture. cytopathology can be blocked by c. difficile antitoxin. its role in canine parvovirus infection is unknown.	1981	6277989
dog response to inactivated canine parvovirus and feline panleukopenia virus vaccines.	inactivated canine parvovirus (cpv) and inactivated feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) vaccines were evaluated in dogs. maximal serologic response occurred within 1-2 weeks after vaccination. antibody titers then declined rapidly to low levels that persisted at least 20 weeks. immunity to cpv, defined as complete resistance to infection, was correlated with serum antibody titer and did not persist longer than 6 weeks after vaccination with inactivated virus. however, protection against generalized ...	1982	6279359
successful experimental challenge of dogs with canine parvovirus-2.	withholding food from dogs for 24 hours prior to, and for 48 hours following oral challenge with a gut mucosal homogenate of canine parvovirus-2, was a successful means of reproducing gastroenteric signs of canine parvovirus-2 infection. twenty-one of 24 dogs, which had previously received various vaccine preparations of mink enteritis virus or were unvaccinated, and which were starved at challenge, developed soft or liquid feces with large or without large clots of mucus. altered feces were mos ...	1982	6280819
the failure of an inactivated mink enteritis virus vaccine in four preparations to provide protection to dogs against challenge with canine parvovirus-2.	four experimental vaccine preparations comprising a strain of mink enteritis virus inactivated by either formalin or beta-propiolactone, and either adjuvanted or nonadjuvanted, failed to stimulate a consistent serum antibody response in 20 vaccinated dogs and failed to protect all but one of these dogs against oral challenge with canine parvovirus-2.	1982	6280820
field evaluation of a canine parvovirus vaccination program, using feline origin modified live virus vaccine.	antibody titers measured by hemagglutination inhibition testing were determined in previously vaccinated dogs at the time of booster vaccination and 2 weeks later. all vaccines consisted of modified live panleukopenia virus. the booster injection was administered approximately 6 months after the initial parvovirus vaccination series was given. fecal and serum specimens were collected immediately before and 2 weeks after administration of the booster vaccine for hemagglutination and hemagglutinat ...	1982	6284689
raccoons are not susceptible to canine parvovirus.		1982	6290438
experiments with a homologous, inactivated canine parvovirus vaccine in vaccination programmers for dogs.	the significance of canine parvovirus (cpv) infections as a permanent threat susceptible dogs, in particular pups, made the authors develop three liquid homologous inactivated adjuvant cpv vaccines that were compatible with existing canine vaccines and could be incorporated in current vaccination programmes. on vaccine (kavak parvo) contained only the cpv component, the second product (kavak i-lp) also contained two inactivated leptospiral antigens, and the third vaccine (kavak i-hlp) contained ...	1982	6293155
evaluation of a killed feline panleukopenia virus vaccine against canine parvoviral enteritis in dogs.	immunogenic potency of a killed feline panleukopenia virus vaccine against canine parvoviral enteritis in dogs was examined. the vaccine elicited hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies to canine parvovirus (cpv) in all of the 72 dogs which were vaccinated. the vaccine was protective in dogs against both experimentally induced and naturally occurring cpv-induced disease. by statistical analysis, 4 weeks was found to be the optimal spacing between 2 vaccinal doses resulting in hemagglutination-inh ...	1982	6299140
recombinant dna technology for the preparation of subunit vaccines.	recombinant dna technology appears to be on the verge of producing safe and effective protein vaccines for animal and human diseases. the procedure is applicable to most viruses because their isolated surface proteins generally possess immunogenic activity. strategies used for the preparation and cloning of the appropriate genes depend on the characteristics of the viral genomes: whether dna or rna; their size, strandedness, and segmentation; and whether messenger rna are monocistronic or polyci ...	1982	6129235
rat hybridoma antibodies against canine parvovirus.	hybrid cells have been produced by fusion between rat myeloma cells ir983f and spleen cells from a lou rat immunized with canine enteritis parvovirus. four stable cell lines were selected each secreting a monoclonal antibody directed against this virus. by indirect immunofluorescence, the antigenic determinants recognized by these antibodies were found to be present not only in canine parvovirus infected cells but also in cells infected by the related parvoviruses of mink enteritis and feline pa ...	1982	6178386
antigenic relationships between canine parvovirus type 2, feline panleukopenia virus and mink enteritis virus using conventional antisera and monoclonal antibodies.	the antigenic relationships between three similar parvoviruses, canine parvovirus type 2 (cpv), feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) and mink enteritis virus (mev) were investigated. antisera against all 3 viruses and monoclonal antibodies (mab) to cpv were prepared and the viruses compared using several serological methods. when conventional sera were used in the hemagglutination-inhibition and agar gel precipitin (agp) tests there were no differences between the cpv viral isolates studied, but ant ...	1982	6180709
canine parvovirus: relationship to wild-type and vaccine strains of feline panleukopenia virus and mink enteritis virus.	canine parvovirus (cpv), feline panleukopenia virus (fplv) and mink enteritis virus (mev) were compared serologically, by determination of their host range in cell cultures, as well as by restriction enzyme analysis. maps of the virus genomes were established using seven different restriction enzymes cutting at a total of 56 sites. mev and fplv gave maps which were identical except for one restriction site. the map of cpv is closely related to those of fplv/mev since their dnas share about 80% o ...	1982	6181186
a mode of action of rnase ci toward the various rnas.	a mode of action of rnase ci toward the various native rnas was examined. the mixture of trna from thermus thermophilus hb8 were exhaustively cleaved by rnase ci to produce 90% of acid-soluble fraction. among the minor nucleotides s2t were recognized by this enzyme. rnase ci generates a linear viroid molecule by introducing one single nick into viroid circular molecule. double stranded rna from rna virus, such as cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) from silk worm, was cleaved at some specific s ...	1982	6191284
development of a vaccine incorporating killed virus of canine origin for the prevention of canine parvovirus infection.	a parvovirus of canine origin, cultured in a feline kidney cell line, was inactivated with formalin. three pilot serials were produced and three forms of finished vaccine (nonadjuvanted, single adjuvanted and double adjuvanted) were tested in vaccination and challenge trials. a comparison was also made with two inactivated feline panleukopenia virus vaccines, one of which has official approval for use in dogs. the inactivated canine vaccine in nonadjuvanted, adjuvanted or double adjuvanted form ...	1982	7039811
isolation of genome-enzyme complex from cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of silkworm bombyx mori.	the genome-enzyme complex is isolated from the silkworm cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus with deae-sephadex column chromatography after ultraviolet irradiation. the genome-enzyme complex shows both rna-polymerase and methyltransferase activities while using 3h-utp and [3h-methyl]-s-adenosyle-l-methionine as substrates. like the double-stranded rna genome of cpv, the genome-enzyme complex could be separated into nine segments on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. it is demonstrated that the rna po ...	1982	7048527
maternally derived immunity to canine parvovirus infection: transfer, decline, and interference with vaccination.	antibody to canine parvovirus (cpv) was transferred from an immune bitch to her pups through the placenta and colostrum. colostral transfer accounted for approximately 90% of the maternally-derived cpv antibody. after suckling, pups and hemagglutination-inhibition titers that averaged 50% of their dam's titer. maternally derived cpv antibody declined with a half-life of 9.7 days. pups with hemagglutination-inhibition titers greater than or equal to 1:80 were immune to oronasal challenge with vir ...	1982	7056660
radiographic appearance of canine parvovirus enteritis.	sixty dogs with serologically proved parvovirus infection were radiographically evaluated for signs of gastrointestinal disease. patient grouping was based on duration of illness, which correlated generally with severity of clinical signs. early in the disease, the radiographic appearance usually was normal. as the disease progressed, abnormal gas and fluid distention of the small bowel became evident. contrast radiographic findings usually were normal early in the disease but became abnormal as ...	1982	7056662
canine parvovirus infection potentiates canine distemper encephalitis attributable to modified live-virus vaccine.	twelve gnotobiotic dogs from 2 litters were allotted to 3 groups. group a dogs received a modified-live polyvalent (canine distemper, adenovirus type 2, and parainfluenza virus and leptospira -canicola-icterohemorrhagiae bacterin) vaccine 3 days prior to oral inoculation with canine parvovirus (cpv). group b dogs received cpv alone. group c dogs received 1 dose of vaccine only. in none of the 9 cpv-inoculated dogs did clinical signs of cpv infection develop, although high serum antibody titers f ...	1982	7061309
experimental infection of conventional dogs with canine parvovirus.	four 6-week-old conventional pups were inoculated with a parvovirus (pv) isolated from the feces of a dog with naturally occurring enteritis. blood for hematologic studies, virus isolation (vi), and antibody titration and feces for vi and negative-contrast electron microscopy were collected on day 0 and daily until necropsy. beginning at postinoculation day 2, necropsies were done and specimens were collected for immunofluorescence, vi, and light microscopic examination. the pv infection was con ...	1982	7073093
vaccination against canine parvovirus disease.		1982	7080409
vaccination against canine parvovirus disease.		1982	7080428