Publications

sonis reactivation of antiserum-neutralized bacteriophage t3.		1952	14938310
the action of aureomycin on the escherichia coli bacteriophage t3 system.		1953	13034738
induction of mutations in bacteriophage t3 by ultraviolet light.		1953	13116967
a genetic analysis of the factors controlling the h character in bacteriophage t3.		1953	13168960
the influence of the host character of e. coli upon its lysis by bacteriophage. ii. the influence of host character on the acriflavine tolerance of bacteriophage t3.		1954	13221351
reproduction of bacteriophage t3 in protoplasts of escherichia coli, strain b.		1956	13373870
host range mutants and semitemperate mutants of bacteriophage t3.		1957	13443213
genetic variants of phage t3.		1961	13726189
mutation affecting head antigen of bacteriophage t3.		1962	14490971
effects of mitomycin and alpha-rays on the capacity of escherichia coli b for phage t3.		1963	13953928
effect of cysteine and glycerol on capacity of irradiated cells of escherichia coli b for phage t3.		1964	14189808
studies on the nucleotide arrangement in deoxyribonucleic acids. x. frequency and composition of pyrimidine isostichs in microbial deoxyribonucleic acids and in the dna of e. coli phage t3.		1966	4961463
the photodynamic action of acridine orange and proflavine on the survival of escherichia coli b and its capacity for phage t3.		1966	5330573
methylation of dna.	the methylated bases of dna are formed by the transfer of the methyl group from s-adenosylmethionine to a polynucleotide acceptor. this transfer is catalyzed by highly specific enzymes which recognize a limited number of available sites in the dna. the mechanism for the recognition is presently unknown. in some instances, there is evidence that other cellular components, such as lipopolysaccharides, can influence the methylation reaction. certain bacteriophages induce new methylases upon infecti ...	1966	5338563
the enzymatic methylation of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid. x. bacteriophage t3-induced s-adenosylmethionine cleavage.		1966	5946625
role of differential air pressure zones in the control of aerosols in a large animal isolation facility.	the uncontrolled transmission of hog cholera in a large animal isolation facility, designed to control the movement of aerosols within and between individual wings of a multiunit building, indicated the need for a critical study of aerosol behavior under existing conditions of operation. studies with aerosols of escherichia coli b t3 bacteriophage (t3 coliphage) conclusively demonstrated the impossibility of obtaining the desired control by means of a "static" air balance relationship between ad ...	1966	5951332
synthesis of an s-adenosylmethionine-cleaving enzyme in t3-infected escherichia coli and its disturbance by co-infection with enzymatically incompetent bacteriophage.	synthesis of an s-adenosylmethionine-cleaving enzyme evoked by infection of escherichia coli with phage t3 was independent of the multiplicity of infection with the wild type, t3 sam(+). it was depressed, however, by mixed infection with related phages genetically incapable of directing enzyme production, such as t3 sam(-), or phage t7. the depressor effect of enzymatically incompetent genomes depended on their proportion among the input phage and not on their absolute multiplicity. the effect w ...	1967	4918233
bacteriophage t3- and t7-directed deoxyribonucleases.		1968	4911854
native and denatured dna of phage t3 and of e. coli b as templates for rna polymerase.		1969	4975275
complementary fractions of denatured dna of coliphage t3 as templates for transcription.	this paper discusses the evidence that two fractions obtained by the chromatography of denatured dna of phage t3 on columns of methylated albumin-kieselguhr represent the complementary strands. this evidence derives from a variety of temperature-absorbance measurements and from the base composition of the rna products synthesized by rna polymerase under the direction of the two single-stranded dna templates.	1969	5263007
in vivo suppression of coding associated with bacteriophage-induced s-adenosylmethionine hydrolase.	the methylation of ribosomal and transfer ribonucleic acid (rna) synthesized after the induction of a hydrolase for s-adenosylmethionine by phage t3 infection is reducible to 50% of the methylation of rna in uninfected cells. hypomethylated ribosomal rna is found in 70s particles that dissociate in 100 mum mg(++) to yield only 30s and 50s subunits. by this criterion, the omitted methyl groups apparently are not required for ribosomal maturation or stability. the rate of production of alkaline ph ...	1970	4313052
synthesis of messenger ribonucleic acid after bacteriophage t1 infection.	synthesis of host-specific and phage-specific messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) was studied in bacteria infected by unmodified (t1 . b) or modified [t1 . b(p1)] bacteriophage t1. in a "standard" infection of escherichia coli b by t1 . b (no host-controlled modification involved), the rate and amount of t1 mrna synthesis was intermediate between those values reported for infections by a virulent phage such as t4 or a temperate phage such as lambda. the initial rate of mrna synthesis was slightly ...	1970	4924626
photodynamic action of proflavine on coliphage t3. ii. protection by l-cysteine.	three kinetically different reactions (rx1, rx2, and rx3) have been distinguished in the photoinactivation of phage t3 in the presence of the dye proflavine. the response of these reactions to the presence of the radical trap l-cysteine has been examined. at dye concentrations equal to or less than 2.2 mug/ml, rx1 was composed of at least two parallel first-order reactions, one cysteine-insensitive (rx1a) and one cysteine-inhibited (rx1b). rx2 was completely cysteine-insensitive (rx2a). the cyst ...	1971	4927524
induction of a new rna polymerase in escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage t3.		1971	4930861
different template specificities of phage t3 and t7 rna polymerases.		1971	4927023
properties of the bacteriophage t3 rna polymerase in vitro.		1972	4649805
liquid-holding effects in u.v.-irradiated phage t3.		1972	5037229
an inhibitory protein of escherichia coli rna polymerase in bacteriophage t3-infected cells (core polymerase-sigma factor-host polymerase-phage polymerase-initiation).	a partially purified protein isolated from bacteriophage t3-infected cells of escherichia coli b markedly inhibits the activity of e. coli rna polymerase, slightly inhibits the activity of purified t3 polymerase, and does not inhibit the activity of either core polymerase or the ribosome-bound t3 polymerase. the properties of this protein and its mechanism of action have been studied. it appears to antagonize the action of the sigma factor component of rna polymerase.	1972	4550502
initiation, release, and reinitiation of rna chains by bacteriophage-t3-induced polymerase from t3 dna templates (e. coli-guanosine triphosphate terminus-purified polymerase).	bacteriophage t3-induced rna polymerase, upon copying its specific template, native t3 dna, initiates rna chains only with gtp. denaturation of the dna results in loss of template specificity for the polymerase. with denatured t3 dna as template, t3 polymerase initiates rna chains with both atp and gtp, and the average length of the resulting rna chains is markedly reduced. studies of the polymerase reaction with native t3 dna in vitro show that t3 polymerase is able to terminate rna synthesis w ...	1972	4550510
kinetics of transcription by the bacteriophage-t3 rna polymerase in vitro.		1973	4577197
studies on bacteriophage t3. ii. in vitro assembly of capsid proteins of bacteriophage t3.		1973	4125249
studies on t3-induced ribonucleic acid polymerase. 3. purification and characterization of the t3-induced ribonucleic acid polymerase from bacteriophage t3-infected escherichia coli cells.		1973	4355499
[morphogenesis of bacteriophage t3 (author's transl)].		1973	4582332
the starting nucleotide sequences and size of rna transcribed in vitro on bacteriophage t3 dna.		1973	4584696
ferdinaud springer lecture: initiation of transcription by rna polymerases of e. coli and phage t3.		1973	4585186
[studies of bacteriophage t3. v. further characterization of 2 temperature-sensitive mutants, ts21 and ts25, in escherichia coli b and e. coli ab 2500].		1973	4592537
[studies on t3-phases. vi. protein synthesis in a cell-free system from e. coli b after infection with the phage t3].		1973	4597936
studies on bacteriophage t3. i. kinetic studies on particle formation and role of capsids as intermediates of head morphogenesis of bacteriophage t3.		1973	4579883
genetic map of bacteriophage t3.	about 200 amber mutants of phage t3 were found to lie in 14 different genes. these genes are homologous to known t7 genes. the genetic map of t3 is very similar to that of t7.	1973	4747991
[t3 phages. iv. isolation of temperature sensitive mutants of phage t3 and their partial characterization].		1973	4769109
inactivation of bacteriophage t3 in aerosols: effect of prehumidification on survival after spraying from solutions of salt, peptone, and saliva.	coliphage t(3) was inactivated by a factor of 10(3) to 10(4) within 30 min after spraying from solutions of nacl. addition of peptone to the spray medium protected against inactivation at high relative humidity (rh), presumably by preventing surface inactivation. prehumidification of the sample before collection had no effect on recovery if sprayed from solutions of nacl, with or without peptone. if only peptone was present in the spray medium, prehumidification of the aerosol sample increased t ...	1974	4598220
initiation of transcription by rna polymerases of e. coli and phage t3.		1974	4601258
fidelity of in vitro transcription of t3 deoxyribonucleic acid by bacteriophage t3-induced ribonucleic acid polymerase and by escherichia coli ribonucleic acid polymerase.		1974	4608491
isolation of dna segments containing promoters from bacteriophage t3 dna.		1974	4611486
[obtaining a lysate, the concentration and purification of phage t3].		1974	4612997
regulation of host ribonucleic acid synthesis in bacteriophage t3-infected cells. properties of an inhibitory protein of escherichia coli ribonucleic acid polymerase.		1974	4594239
transcription of native and denatured dna preparations by bacteriophage t3 induced rna polymerase.		1974	4595837
initiation of transcription by rna polymerases of escherichia coli and phage t3.		1974	4362804
specificity of ribonucleic acid chain initiation by bacteriophage t3-induced ribonucleic acid polymerase.		1974	4370385
cross-resistance of escherichia coli b/r to cis-platinum (ii) diamminochloride, uv light and alkylating agents.	gradual transfers of the strain escherichia coli b/r on m9 agar with increasing concentrations of cis-platinum (ii) diamminochloride (cis-pt(ii)) yielded a resistant strain sm 405 capable of growing on liquid m9 medium containing 250 mum cis-pt(ii). the parent strain escherichia coli b/r is completely inhibited in both division and growth at cis-pt(ii) concentrations as low as 30 mum. the resistant mutant has a longer doubling time than the parent strain. no other differences were found between ...	1975	170174
protein kinase of bacteriophage t7. 2. properties, enzyme synthesis in vitro and regulation of enzyme synthesis and activity in vivo.	protein kinase, which was isolated from cells infected with t7, is indeed a viral gene product. this is shown by dna-dependent synthesis in vitro. the protein kinase transfers phosphate from atp to seryl or threonyl residues in protein. the enzyme has only a relative requirement for magnesium ions, but is only active at low ionic strength. the best substrate is lysozyme. t7 protein kinase activity is not stimulated by cyclic 3':5'-amp and/or cyclic 3':5'-gmp. the t7 protein kinase carries -- sh ...	1975	240695
studies on bacteriophage t3. iii. characterization of capsids as intermediates of the t3 head assembly.		1975	1089334
biological functions of the bacteriophage t3 samase gene.	certain differences between phage t3 on the one hand and t3sam- and t7 on the other hand indicate that the t3-coded samase function is responsible (i) for the development of the pseudolysogenic state by preventing t3 dna methylation, and (ii) for the partial protection of the phage dna against restriction by the p system.	1975	1097737
a mammalian nicking endonuclease.	purification and properties are described for an endonuclease isolated from calf thymus which attacks double-stranded, unmodified dna, primarily by making single-strand breaks. no detectable acid-soluble products arise from the reaction. double-strand breaks may occasionally be produced by the introduction of single-strand breaks on opposite strands in close proximity. the enzyme does not attack denatured dna and is not inhibited by trna. although added divalent cations are not required for acti ...	1976	1276149
on a bacteriophage t3 and t4 receptor region within the cell wall lipopolysaccharide of escherichia coli b.		1976	772219
samase gene of bacteriophage t3 is responsible for overcoming host restriction.	deletion and point mutants of t3 have been isolated and used to show that the early region of t3 dna is organized in the same way as that of t7 dna. homologous early rnas and proteins of the two phages have been identified by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. both phages have five early mrna's, numbered 0.3, 0.7, 1,1.1 and 1.3 from left to right, although no t3 protein that corresponds to the 1.1 protein of t7 has yet been identified. in general, c ...	1976	781304
bacteriophage t3 and t7 early rnas are translated by eukaryotic 80s ribosomes: active phage t3 coded s-adenosylmethionine cleaving enzyme is synthesized.	rna transcribed in vitro from the early region of bacteriophage t3 or t7 was translated by cytoplasmic ribosomes which synthesized protein in cell-free systems prepared from mammalian cells and wheat germ. the proteins synthesized in vitro and their counterparts prepared from infected escherichia coli comigrate by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate and are similarly affected by deletion or amber bacteriophage mutations. bacteriophage t3 codes for an enzyme that cleave ...	1976	1066688
superinfection exclusion by bacteriophage t7.	only two of the early genes of bacteriophage t7 were found to play a significant role in exclusion of superinfecting bacteriophage t3 particles; genes 0.3 and 1. protein synthesis by the preinfecting phage particle was not required for efficient exclusion. these findings are discussed with regard to the known functions of these genes during t7 development.	1977	916034
different restriction of bacteriophages t3 and t7 by p1-lysogenic cells and the role of the t3-coded samase.	the intracellular growth of the phages t3 and t7 is restricted in the presence of the escherichia coli prophage p1. phage t3 has a higher ability to express its genome and to damage the host cell than t7. this partial protection of t3 against p1 restriction is due to the t3-coded samase, an enzyme which degrades s-adenosylmethionine, the cofactor of the p1 restriction endonuclease. since we did not observe dna cleavage in vivo, we conclude that the in vivo action of the p1 nuclease is limited to ...	1977	345634
further characterization of bacteriophage t3-induced ribonucleic acid polymerase. studies on the size of in vitro transcripts and interaction of t3 rna polymerase with t3 dna.		1977	330532
[effect of temperature on formation of lysozyme in e. coli crt 266 (dnab ts) after infection with bacteriophage t3].	lysozyme formation induced by bacteriophage t3 was studied in the ts-mutant e. coli crt 266 (dnabts) and in the wild-type e. coli cr 34--45 (dnab+) at different temperatures. it was found that lysozyme was formed in e. coli crt 266, however, no lysozyme synthesis took place at 41.5 degrees c. these results indicate that the expression of the lysozyme gene is disturbed in the ts-mutant at 41.5 degrees c.	1978	382720
in vitro packaging of phage t3 dna.		1978	664260
mutation in bacteriophage t3 affecting host cell lysis.		1978	685184
biological activity of purified bacteriophage t3 prohead and proheadlike structures as precursors for in vitro head assembly.		1978	741654
a novel bacteriophage defence mechanism: the anti-restriction protein.	bacteriophage t3 and t7 protect their dna from restriction by producing, as the earliest detectable phage functions, anti-restriction proteins. although the two phage proteins differ in their chromatographic and antigenic properties, they act by the same mechanism: the anti-restriction proteins inhibit e. coli k12 restriction endonuclease by direct interaction.	1979	763348
inactivation of escherichia coli by near-ultraviolet light and 8-methoxypsoralen: different responses of strains b/r and k-12.	a series of escherichia coli k-12 ab1157 strains with normal and defective deoxyribonucleic acid repair capacity were more resistant to treatment with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-mop) and near-ultraviolet light (nuv) than a comparable series of strains from the b/r wp2 family although sensitivities to 254-nm ultraviolet light were closely similar. the difference was most marked with strains deficient in both excision and postreplication repair (uvra reca). the hypothesis that the internal level of 8-mo ...	1979	378972
[use of gen5 and gen6 ts-mutants of phage t3 as indicators of inhibitors of dna synthesis].	in an enzyme-specific drug screening system nalidixic acid and 3'-ftdr, inhibitors of dna synthesis, both reduce the growth of wild type and temperature-sensitive point mutants of phage t3 with different efficiencies. the wild type shows the strongest sensitivity against the drugs, while an exonuclease mutant is the most insensitive variant. the dna polymerase mutants exhibit an intermediate degree of inhibition. the anthracycline antibiotics violamycin bi and adriblastin which preferentially in ...	1979	232593
transcription by bacteriophage t3-induced rna polymerase in the presence of kcl and dimethylsulfoxide.		1979	442703
termination of transcription by bacteriophage t3 rna polymerase: homogeneous 3'-terminal oligonucleotide sequence of in vitro t3 rna polymerase transcripts.	rna was synthesized in vitro from a t3 dna template by t3 rna polymerase and subsequently separated into seven discrete size classes (molecular weights ranging between 0.21 x 10(6) and 6.2 x 10(6)) by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide slab gels. rnase t1-generated 3'-terminal oligonucleotide fragments were then selectively isolated from either the unfractionated total rna or the gel-purified specific transcripts by chromatography on columns of dihydroxyboryl-cellulose. sequence analysis of these ...	1979	388430
[effect of temperature on rna synthesis in escherichia coli crt 266 (dna bts) following infection with bacteriophage t3].	infection of the temperature-sensitive e. coli crt 266 (dnabts) with t3-phages at the temperature of 30 degrees c and 35 degrees c, respectively, induced t3-specific rna synthesis with a maximum rate at 7 min (30 degrees c) and 4.5 min (35 degrees c) after infection. at temperatures above 40 degrees c no t3-induced rna synthesis could be observed. infection of e. coli cr 34--45 (dnab+) with t3 phages at 30 degrees c, 35 degrees c and at temperatures above 40 degrees c, however, produced t3-speci ...	1979	94483
effect of temperature on the transcription by bacteriophage t3-induced rna polymerase.	bacteriophage t3-induced rna polymerase is rapidly inactivated at 42 degrees c. addition of t3 dna delays this process for 30 s and reduces the rate with which the enzyme activity is lost indicating that a labile binary complex between t3 dna and polymerase must have been formed. the ternary complex between t3-specific rna polymerase, t3 dna, and nascent rna chains obtained when the enzyme is incubated with t3 dna, gtp, atp, and utp is stable to heat (42 degrees c) and only slowly inactivated by ...	1979	545912
colivirus-t3-coded s-adenosylmethionine hydrolase.	bacteriophage t3 induces an enzyme activity which hydrolyzes s-adenosylmethionine. this s-adenosylmethionine hydrolase is interesting, not only because of its unique activity, but also because the protein has to overcome host restriction [f. w. studier and n. r. movva (1976) j. virol. 19, 136-145]. s-adenosylmethionine hydrolase was purified to homogeneity using affinity chromatography on s-adenosylhomocysteine-sepharose. the enzyme occurs in two forms, a and b. form a consists of the viral pept ...	1979	110588
properties and biosynthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids in escherichia coli.	the lipid phase transition of escherichia coli phospholipids containing cyclopropane fatty acids was compared with the otherwise homologous phospholipids lacking cyclopropane fatty acids. the phase transitions (determined by scanning calorimetry) of the two preparations were essentially identical. infection of e. coli with phage t3 inhibited cyclopropane fatty acid formation over 98%, whereas infection with mutants which lack the phage coded s-adenosylmethionine cleavage enzyme had no effect on ...	1979	374358
[detection of the host specificity system in shigellae].	the presence of dna host specific system in shigella sonnei 47843 bacteria has been demonstrated. phage ddiii grown on the cells of shigella stutzeri 2, in shigella sonnei 47843 cells is restricted by a factor of 105. phage t3 of eco b phenotype as well as ddiii phage is restricted in these cells. this circumstance means that the restriction-modification system of shigella sonnei 47843 differs in specificity from the well known system e. coli. the results obtained are the second case of host spe ...	1980	7000200
virus adaptation to host cells: the non-classical modification of phage t3.	bacterial virus t3 undergoes host-controlled modification which is not based on "classical" processes of dna modification and restriction. the adsorption and thus the growth of t3 on escherichia coli w cells (e. coli k12 derivative) decisively depends on the host strain on which the virus was previously propagated. depending on the modification conferred to the virus by its last host, its efficiency of plating (e.o.p.) on e. coli w varies by six orders of magnitude between 10(-7) and 10(-1). thi ...	1980	7008378
purification of gene 6 product of bacteriophage t3 and its role in vitro dna packaging.		1980	7352372
isolation and sequence determination of 5'-terminal oligonucleotide fragments of rna transcripts synthesized by bacteriophage t3-induced rna polymerase from t3 dna.	the nucleotide sequence of the 5'-terminal oligonucleotides produced by pancreatic rnase digestion of bacteriophage t3 rna polymerase (ec 2.7.7.6) transcripts of t3 dna has been determined. the sequence determination is based upon a simple isolation procedure for the 5'-terminal oligonucleotides. this procedure involves treatment of pancreatic rnase digests of alpha 32p-labeled t3 rna polymerase transcripts with bovine brain exoribonuclease to remove oligonucleotides with free 5'-hydroxyl termin ...	1980	6933443
termination of transcription by escherichia coli ribonucleic acid polymerase in vitro. effect of altered reaction conditions and mutations in the enzyme protein on termination with t7 and t3 deoxyribonucleic acids.	both bacteriophage t7 and the related bacteriophage t3 have strong termination sites for bacterial rna polymerase located near 20% on the standard genome map. these termination sites are used with 90% efficiency in vivo, even in cells which contain a defective p protein. under normal reaction conditions in vitro, escherichia coli rna polymerase terminates with 90% efficiency at the t7 terminator site but shows little or no termination at the corresponding t3 locus. thus, the two templates form a ...	1980	6994805
derivation of a restriction map of bacteriophage t3 dna and comparison with the map of bacteriophage t7 dna.	the dna of bacteriophage t3 was characterized by cleavage with seven restriction endonucleases. avai, xbai, bglii, and hindiii each cut t3 dna at 1 site, kpni cleaved it at 2 sites, mboi cleaved it at 9 sites, and hpai cleaved it at 17 sites. the sizes of the fragments produced by digestion with these enzymes were determined by using restriction fragments of t7 dna as molecular weight standards. as a result of this analysis, the size of t3 dna was estimated to be 38.74 kilobases. the fragments w ...	1980	6251266
construction of a restriction map of bacteriophage t3 dna.	a restriction endonuclease cleavage map of bacteriophage t3 dna has been constructed. the enzymes used and, within parentheses, the number of their cleavage sites on t3 dna are: hindiii (1), xbai (1), bglii (1), kpni (2), mboi (9), and hpai (17). the size and the relative location of each fragment have been established, defining an accurate physical map of t3 dna.	1980	6260585
the synthesis and properties of some 5-substituted uracil derivatives.	the chemical syntheses of some 5-substituted uracil deorivatives, in particular 5-vinyl-2'-deoxyuridine, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and 4-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxy-uridine are reviewed and their potential as radiation sensitizing agents, anti-cancer agents and antiviral agents is discussed. 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine is not incorporated into dna; is a thymidylate synthetase inhibitor and has a possible use as an anti-cancer drug. 5-vinyl-2'-dexyuridine can replace thymidine residues in dna of phage ...	1980	7019862
in vitro formation of the concatemeric dna of bacteriophage t3 and its biological activity in the in vitro packaging reaction.		1980	7361452
incorporation of 5-substituted uracil derivatives into nucleic acids. the isolation and gamma-radiation-sensitivity of bacteriophage t3 containing the thymine analogue 5-vinyluracil.	bacteriophage t3 was produced in a form that contained 32% of its normal dna thymine residues replaced with 5-vinyluracil residues by infecting a thymine-requiring strain of escherichia coli with phage t3 in a medium containing 5-vinyluracil. when 2'-deoxy-5-vinyluridine was added to the medium instead, no incorporation was observed into the phage dna, and the presence of the deoxyribonucleoside severely decreased the number of viable phage particles produced. the analogue-containing phage, alth ...	1980	7406866
purification of dna-binding proteins of bacteriophage t3 and heir role in in vitro packaging of phage t3 dna.		1980	6893505
rabbit reticulocyte initiation factor 2 contains two polypeptide chains of molecular weights 48,000 and 38,000.	eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eif-20) purified from rabbit reticulocyte lysates consists of equimolar amounts of two polypeptide chains of mr 48,000 and 38,000. determination of the molecular weight of the native factor gave a value which is consistent with a mr of 86,000 indicating that the factor is composed of one mr 48,000 and one mr 38,000 polypeptide. the purified factor exhibited all the binding activities characteristic of eif-2. the factor formed ternary complexes with met-trnafmet an ...	1980	6932024
influence of dimethylsulfoxide on transcription by bacteriophage t3-induced rna polymerase.	dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) up to 25% (v/v) does not cause irreversible alterations of t3 dna at 42.5 degrees c as assayed by transcription with t3-specific rna polymerase. the optimal temperature for the formation of polyanion-resistant ternary complexes of the enzyme, t3 dna, and nascent rna chains is lowered by 12.5 degrees c in the presence of 20% (v/v) dmso. the same solvent concentration, however, decreased the temperature optimal for t3 rna chain elongation by only 2.5 degrees c, indicating ...	1981	7293245
bacteriophage t3 dna binding protein interaction with dna.		1981	6894046
[serological characterization of bacteriophage t3 carrying different "non-classical" modifications].	the antigenic properties of bacteriophage t3 and a mutant t3/r7 which undergoes "non-classical" modification and restriction are compared. the "non-classical" modification of t3/r7 consists of a host-dependent, reversible change in the adsorption capacity of phage on different host strains. we have shown that this modification is connected with changes in the antigenic properties of phage components involved in phage absorption to the host cell. this means that, in contrast to the "classical" ho ...	1981	7019671
location, function, and nucleotide sequence of a promoter for bacteriophage t3 rna polymerase.	the major promoters for bacteriophage t3 rna polymerase on the t3 genome have been mapped by dna.rna filter hybridization. one promoter is located in a 300-base-pair hpa i restriction fragment near the genetic "left" end of t3 dna. the sequence in the vicinity of the major initiation site of transcription in this region has been determined. a part of the (-)strand sequence is 5' t-a-t-t-t-a-c-c-c-t-c-a-c-t-a-a-a-g-+1 g-g-a-a-u 3'. comparison of this sequence with the prototype 23-base-pair promo ...	1981	6264429
[effect of low temperatures of the survival and intracellular multiplication of escherichia coli bacteriophages].	the purpose of this work was to investigate the survival and intracellular growth of escherichia coli bacteriophages phi x174, t3 and t4 subjected to freezing down to -196 degrees c. the survival was 98.4% for phage t3, 80.55% for phage phi x174, and 65.13% for phage t4. single growth cycles, dna and protein biosynthesis did not change in phages phi x174 and t3 after freezing. if bacteria were infected with phage t4 subjected to freezing, the rates of phage dna and protein synthesis decreased, t ...	1981	6454057
structure and assembly of bacteriophage t3 tails.		1981	7467129
on the mechanism of inhibitory effect of violamycin antibiotics on the transcription by bacteriophage t3-induced rna polymerase.	the effect of three components of the anthracycline antibiotic violamycin on the transcription of bacteriophage t3 dna by bacteriophage t3-induced rna polymerase has been investigated in a cell-free system. the glycosides of violamycin bi possess the highest inhibitory activity, whereas those of violamycin bii and violamycin a show a reduced inhibitory effect. concentrations of violamycin bi depressing the incorporation of (3h)ump into rna chains have only a slight effect on the binding of the t ...	1981	7232204
phage t3 dna contains an exact copy of the 23 base-pair phage t7 rna polymerase promoter sequence.		1981	7265239
bacteriophage t3 and bacteriophage t7 virus-host cell interactions.		1981	6261110
studies on factors involved in in vitro packaging of phage t3 dna.		1981	6895788
influence of phage t3 and t7 gene functions on a type iii(ecop1) dna restriction-modification system in vivo.	the ocr+ gene function (gp 0.3) of bacteriophages t3 and t7 not only counteracts type i (ecob, ecok) but also type iii restriction endonucleases (ecop1). despite the presence of recognition sites, phage dna as well as simultaneously introduced plasmid dna are protected by ocr+ expression against both the endonucleolytic and the methylating activities of the ecop1 enzyme. nevertheless, the ecop1 protein causes the exclusion of t3 and t7 in p1-lysogenic cells, apparently by exerting a repressor-li ...	1982	6285143
isolation and characterization of bacteriophage t3 mutants sensitive to restriction by ecori.		1982	6291231
[characterization of a cacl2-dependent transfection system of escherichia coli and t3 phage dna].	transfection by dna isolated from bacteriophage t3 was studied using escherichia coli 921/0 as host. the following conditions were found optimal: competent e. coli 921/0 were obtained by harvesting the bacteria at the onset of late exponential growth (5 x 10(8) cells/ml) and treating the latter with 0.05 m cacl2. hereafter, the microbes were suspended in 50 mm tris-hcl buffer (ph 7.2) and the concentration adjusted to 7 x 10(9) cells/ml. t3 dna was added and the suspension kept at 0 degrees c fo ...	1982	6760569
nonenzymatic methylation of dna by the intracellular methyl group donor s-adenosyl-l-methionine is a potentially mutagenic reaction.	incubation of dna with s-adenosyl-l-methionine (sam) in neutral aqueous solution leads to base modification, with formation of small amounts of 7-methylguanine and 3-methyladenine. the products have been identified by high performance liquid chromatography of dna hydrolysates and by the selective release of free 3-methyladenine from sam-treated dna by a specific dna glycosylase. we conclude that sam acts as a weak dna-alkylating agent. several control experiments including extensive purification ...	1982	7188181
on the terminally redundant sequences of bacteriophage t3 dna.	the nucleotide sequences of the termini of mature dna from t3 phage were determined. a directly repeated sequence of 230 base pairs, corresponding to the terminal redundancy of t3 dna, was found in the left and right end of the genome. the sequence of the terminal regions of t3 dna was compared with that of t7 dna. there are discrete sequences with significant homology, specifically in the regions around the two ends of the terminally redundant sequences. 5'-cctaaag and its variants appear frequ ...	1983	6297159