Publications

decapitation improves detection of wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) in culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes by the polymerase chain reaction.	polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is often used to detect microorganisms, pathogens, or both, including the reproductive parasite wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae), in mosquitoes. natural populations of culex pipiens l. (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes are infected with one or more strains of w. pipientis, and crosses between mosquitoes harboring different wolbachia strains provide one of the best-known examples of cytoplasmic incompatibililty (ci). when we used pcr to monitor wo ...	0	23025192
self-harm caused by an insect's innate immunity.	it has been a long-held assumption that the innate immune system of insects causes self-harm when used to combat an immune insult. we show empirically that this assumption is correct. invertebrate innate immunity relies heavily on effector systems which, on activation, produce cytotoxins that kill pathogens. reliance on these robust, fast-acting, generic killing mechanisms ensures a potent and rapid response to pathogen invasion, but has the potential disadvantage of causing self-damage. we show ...	0	16959651
identification of myotropic neuropeptides from the brain and corpus cardiacum-corpus allatum complex of the beetle, zophobas atratus.	the neuropeptide profiles of the two major neuro-endocrinological organs, brain and retrocerebral complex corpus cardiacum-corpus allatum (cc/ca) of adult beetles, zophobas atratus fabricius (coleoptera:tenebrionidae) were analyzed by a combination of high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (maldi tof/tof ms). the homological semi-isolated heart bioassay was used to screen hplc fractions for myotropic a ...	0	21067424
observations on the role of tenebrio molitor as an intermediate host for hymenolepis nana var. fraterna.		1947	18917680
[not available].		1947	20268189
linoleic acid and arachidonic acid in the metabolism of two insects, ephestia kuehniella (lep.) and tenebrio molitor (col.).		1947	16748194
[possibility of culture of columbia sk virus in the mealworm tenebrio molitor and silkworm bombyx mori].		1955	13304595
comparative studies on proteolytic enzymes of tenebrio molitor l.		1964	14170690
development of oncospheres of hymenolepis diminuta, hatched in vivo and in vitro, in the larvae of tenebrio molitor.		1964	14170764
effects of colchicine on nucleic acid metabolism during metamorphosis of tenebrio molitor l. and in some mammalian tissues.	1. administration of 10mug. of colchicine/pupa of the beetle tenebrio molitor l. arrests its differentiation, the pupa remaining alive for 2-3 weeks. 2. the same concentration of colchicine inhibits dna synthesis and stimulates rna synthesis (as shown by incorporation into the nucleic acids of labelled adenine, labelled uridine and labelled thymidine). the effects of colchicine on nucleic acid metabolism are first detected 3 days after its administration to first-day pupae. 3. no effects of colc ...	1966	5968543
the effect of a eugregarine gregarina polymorpha (hammerschmidt) on the mealworm larva of tenebrio molitor (l.).		1967	4973771
experimental infection of gnotobiotic tenebrio molitor and white rats with hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda: cyclophyllidea).		1968	5641055
the hatching of hymenolepis diminuta eggs and penetration of the hexacanths in tenebrio molitor beetles.		1971	4933266
in vitro hatching of hymenolepis diminuta eggs in tenebrio molitor extracts and in defined enzyme preparations.		1972	5064689
nutritional quality of oilseed protein isolates as determined with larvae of the yellow mealworm, tenebrio molitor l.		1974	4408324
essential dietary amino acids for growth of larvae of the yellow mealworm, tenebrio molitor l.	larvae of the yellow mealworm, tenebrio molitor l., have been used to evaluate nutritional quality of proteins and protein isolates. however, such investigations have been complicated by lack of knowledge of dietary requirements of the larvae. to determine essential dietary amino acids for growth of tenebrio molitor, single amino acids were deleted from the amino acid mixture of the diet. diets were maintained isonitrogenous with supplementary glycine and, in the case of deleted glycine, with gl ...	1975	1142013
multienzymic nature of pyruvate kinase during development of hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda).	h. diminuta at different stages of development contained as many as five pyruvate kinase isozymes. four of these were unusually sensitive to allosteric activation by fructose-1,6-p2. one isozyme which occurred only in adults or near-adults was insensitive but had a relatively low km. all were inhibited by atp and ca2+, none by alanine, and the ph optimum was unaffected by fructose-1,6-p2. the five isozymes were present in gravid or reproductively active proglottids. two of them occurred after ei ...	1975	1194877
naturally occurring insect growth regulators. ii. screening of insect and plant extracts as insect juvenile hormone mimics.	ethereal extracts prepared from the larvae, pupae, or eggs of 10 species of insects and from various parts of 343 species of higher plants were screened for juvenilizing effects against tenebrio molitor and oncopeltus fasciatus. activity in both species was shown by an extract of the larvae of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, whereas an extract of the pupae was active in o. fasiatus only. extracts of two plant species (echinacea angustifolia roots and chamaecyparis lawsoniana seeds) showed h ...	1975	1221244
[value of alkane-produced protein and three animal meals for growth and body nitrogen of meal worms (tenebrio molitor l.)].	different types of chemical and biological procedures for screening protein quality of many foods are available. it is recognized however that such assays cannot be part of a routine screening technic. for good technologists and plant breeders in search of novelties, the main problems arise from the small size of samples available and the need to evaluate a large number of materials in a short period of time. the development of more accurate, economical and/or faster bioassay methods would be us ...	1975	1227370
affinity column purification of amylases on protein inhibitors from wheat kernel.	an affinity column was devised for the purification of a large number of amylases inhibited by the albumin from wheat kernel. the procedure involved linking the protein inhibitors from wheat to sepharose and then specifically eluting the amylase adsorbed to the gel with a high concentration of maltose. by this procedure, the amylases from tenebrio molitor l. (yellow mealworm) larvae and chicken pancreas were purified to homogeneity with good yields for the first time, as shown by both alkaline a ...	1975	241755
further characterization studies of the alpha-amylase protein inhibitor of gel electrophoretic mobility 0.19 from the wheat kernel.	a highly purified amylase protein inhibitor from the kernels of hexaplois wheat, designated 0.19 according to its gel electrophoretic mobility, has been characterized according to its circular dichroism spectra determined at different ph values and in the presence or absence of dissociating and reducing agents. the 0.19 albumin has also been characterized according to the specificity with which it inhibits 21 alpha-amylases from different origins and according to its sensitivity to a number of c ...	1976	1252458
effects of dde on experimentally poisoned free-tailed bats (tadarida brasiliensis): lethal brain concentrations.	adult female free-tailed bats (tadarida brasiliensis) were collected at bracken cave, texas, and shipped to the patuxent wildlife research center. treated mealworms (tenebrio molitor) containing 107 ppm dde were fed to 17 bats; five other bats were fed untreated mealworms. after 40 days on dosage, during which one dosed bat was killed accidentally, four dosed bats were frozen and the remaining 17 were starved to death. the objective was to elevate brain levels of dde to lethality and measure the ...	1977	599587
[development of cysticercoid larva of hymenolepis nana var. fraterna in tenebrio molitor and leucophaea maderae haemoceles (author's transl)].	when embryos of hymenolepis nana var. fraterna are injected abdominally, they are able to reach the cysticercoid stage in the haemocele of leucophaea maderae which naturally resist to infection by ingestion of the eggs. the haemocytic defence reaction of the cockroach and the structure of the surface of larvae are examined and compared with development in a natural host tenebrio molitor.	1978	677716
hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda): effects of parasite density and temperature on the water balance of tenebrio molitor and subsequent infectivity of the cysticercoids.		1980	7440999
biosynthesis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa, 3-hydroxy-3-ethylglutaryl-coa, mevalonate and homomevalonate by insect corpus allatum and mammalian hepatic tissues.	both radioactively labeled 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutarylcoenzyme a and its homolog 3-hydroxy-3-ethylglutarylcoenzyme a are produced by a cytosolic fraction obtained from corpora allata-corpora cardiaca complexes of the moth manduca sexta, incubated with [1-14c]acetylcoenzyme a plus unlabeled propionylcoenzyme a. a particulate fraction isolated from the same tissue was able to reduce [me-3h]hydroxymethylglutaryl-coa and [3-14c]hydroxyethylglutaryl-coa to mevalonate and homomevalonate, respectively, w ...	1981	6166327
effects of dde and pcb (aroclor 1260) on experimentally poisoned female little brown bats (myotis lucifugus): lethal brain concentrations.	adult female little brown bats (myotis lucifugus) were collected in a church attic in north east, cecil county, md. mealworms (tenebrio molitor) containing organochlorine pollutants were fed to the bats as follows: 5 bats were dosed at 480 ppm dde, 12 at 150 ppm dde, 5 at 1000 ppm polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb; aroclor 1260), and 12 at 15 ppm pcb. seven other bats were fed untreated mealworms. the objective was to elevate brain levels of dde and pcb to lethality and measure these concentrations. ...	1981	6790723
[indoor air and allergic diseases].	allergies may be the source of a variety of clinical symptoms. with regard to indoor air, however, the subject will be limited to inhalative allergies. these are diseases which are caused and supported by allergens entering the human organism via the respiratory pathway. the fundamentals of the origin of inhalative allergies are briefly discussed as well as the antigen-antibody reaction and the differentiation between different allergic reactions (types i and ii). in addition, the importance of ...	1982	7184176
the rostellar tegumentary cytoplasm of the metacestode of hymenolepis diminuta (cyclophyllidea: cestoda).	prior to scolex-retraction, the tegumentary syncytial cytoplasm of the presumptive rostellar region of hymenolepis diminuta (from tenebrio molitor kept at 26 degrees c) is indistinguishable from that of the rest of the cysticercoid. at 1 day after scolex-retraction differentiation of the rostellum has commenced, the tegumentary cytoplasm containing a small number of membrane-bound, ovoid, electron-dense granules which are absent from all other tegumentary regions of the metacestode. by 3 days af ...	1983	6835702
rna biosynthesis in isolated prothoracic glands of tenebrio molitor in vitro.		1983	1021467
influence of canola hulls on gain in weight of larvae of the yellow mealworm, tenebrio molitor l.	larvae of the yellow mealworm, tenebrio molitor l., gembloux strain, race f, were reared on diets in which the protein component was supplied by defatted ground seed, defatted ground dehulled fraction, or defatted ground hulls of brassica napus l. cv. tower or brassica campestris l. cv. candle, obtained from autoclaved seed. they were also fed casein diets to which defatted ground hulls of tower or candle seed were added. gain in weight was equally good for all diets containing candle seed fract ...	1983	6204614
quantitative structure-activity relationship of insect juvenile hormone mimetic compounds.	juvenile hormone mimetic activities on aedes aegypti (yellow-fever mosquito) and tenebrio molitor (yellow mealworm) of compounds having (2e,4e)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienone structures were comparatively and quantitatively analyzed in terms of their physiochemical structural parameters and by regression analysis. they were structurally composed of three classes, ester and thiol ester derivatives, amides, and ketones, depending on the c1 substituents. the results indicated that the steric di ...	1984	6492079
effect of glutamate and 5-hydroxytryptamine on neuromuscular transmission acheta domesticus and tenebrio molitor.		1985	214216
effects of amino-acid mixtures on food utilization and growth in tenebrio molitor l.	ten holidic diets, varying in amino-acid concentration or composition, were fed to larvae of tenebrio molitor for four weeks at 27 +/- 0.25 degrees c and 65 +/- 5% r.h. effects of diet on growth, food utilization and energy utilization were recorded for individual larvae. differences in gains in fresh weight or in dry matter among larvae fed diets containing 0% to 5% of the amino-acid mixture were not demonstrated. however, larvae fed 10% or 20% of this mixture gained more than the former, but l ...	1985	2412504
new alpha-amylase and trypsin inhibitors among the cm-proteins of barley (hordeum vulgare).	barley cm-proteins are a group of at least five salt-soluble components (cma-e) that can be selectively extracted from endosperm with chloroform/methanol mixtures. n-terminal sequences of proteins cma, cmb and cmc have been determined and found to be homologous to those previously determined for cmd and cme, an observation which confirms that their structural genes are members of a dispersed multi-gene family. the purified cm-proteins were tested against trypsin and against alpha-amylases from s ...	1986	3484638
hymenolepis diminuta: effect of metacestodes on production and viability of eggs in the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor.		1986	3754271
hymenolepis diminuta: influence of metacestodes on synthesis and secretion of fat body protein and its ovarian sequestration in the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor.	female tenebrio molitor infected with metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta exhibit elevated concentrations of female-specific proteins in their haemolymph and the origin of these has been investigated. following a 4 h in vitro incubation with [14c]leucine, fat bodies from non-infected females secreted 13 times more protein than those from females 12 days post-infection. a comparison of the uptake in vivo of radio-isotope labelled amino acids by ovaries from non-infected and infected beetles of v ...	1986	3748608
variation in the sizes of eggs and oncospheres and the numbers and distributions of testes in the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta.	four "strains" of hymenolepis diminuta were examined for morphological variation. these included the arme "strain" (currently maintained at the university of keele, u.k.), the osu "strain" (currently maintained at the ohio state university) and the tor (or ut) "strain" (currently maintained at the university of toronto), all of which were derived from the parental rice "strain," and the anu "strain" (currently maintained at the australian national university). additionally, 2 separate "clonal" p ...	1986	3746559
differences in biological characteristics of two strains of the cestode hymenolepis diminuta.	biological characteristics of infectivity, growth rate and fecundity of hymenolepis diminuta isolated from wild rattus rattus in japan were compared with parasites of texas origin maintained for several generations in this and many other laboratories in laboratory bred rattus norvegicus. the timing of development and maturation was similar in parasites from both sources, but the mean parasite dry weight was less and the mean egg production lower in japanese parasites in both single and multiple ...	1987	3670903
hymenolepis diminuta: effect of infection upon the patency of the follicular epithelium in the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor.		1987	3585048
evidence against the hypothesis that metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta inhibit corpora allata functioning in the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor.	several of the pathophysiological responses made by the beetle tenebrio molitor, when infected with metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta, may be attributed to a parasite-induced reduction in host juvenile hormone titre. it has been suggested that production of this hormone by the corpora allata may be inhibited in parasitized insects. this hypothesis was tested using an in vitro radiochemical assay to compare the biosynthesis of juvenile hormone by single pairs of corpora allata taken from mated ...	1987	3670902
the effect of hymenolepis diminuta upon ecdysteroid activity in the haemolymph of the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor.		1987	3438302
the fate of persisting thoracic neurons during metamorphosis of the meal beetle tenebrio molitor (insecta: coleoptera).	a set of motor neurons and interneurons in the thoracic nervous system of the meal beetle tenebrio molitor l. is described that persist during metamorphosis. the motor neurons under discussion innervate the thoracic ventral longitudinal muscles and were identified by retrograde transport of intramuscularly injected horseradish peroxidase. persisting motor neurons exhibit a complex repetitive pattern that changes only slightly during development. additionally, the characterization of serotonin-im ...	1987	28305463
characterisation of neuropeptides of the akh/rpch-family from corpora cardiaca of coleoptera.	extracts of corpora cardiaca from two members of the family tenebrionidae. zophobas rugipes and tenebrio molitor, from one member of the chrysomelidae, leptinotarsa decemlineata, and from three members of the scarabaeidae, pachnoda marginata, p. sinuata and melolontha hippocastani, were assayed for adipokinetic and hypertrehalosaemic activity in acceptor locusts (locusta migratoria) and cockroaches (periplaneta americana), respectively. all corpus cardiacum material tested, except that from the ...	1989	2607020
new dimeric inhibitor of heterologous alpha-amylases encoded by a duplicated gene in the short arm of chromosome 3b of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	a new wheat dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor, designated wdai-3, has been characterized. wdai-3 is a homodimeric protein active against alpha-amylase from human saliva and from the insect tenebrio molitor, but inactive against that from pig pancreas or against trypsin. its n-terminal amino acid sequence is closer to those of the wheat dimeric inhibitors 0.19 and 0.53 (89-91% identical positions in 44 residues) than to that of the monomeric 0.28 inhibitor (69% identical positions). iha-b1-2, the g ...	1989	2787745
immobilizing and lethal effects of spider venoms on the cockroach and the common mealbeetle.	immobilizing and lethal effects of the venoms obtained from six spider species (brachypelma albopilosum, atrax robustus, cupiennius salei, selenops mexicanus, tegenaria atrica, argiope bruennichi) were tested on blatta orientalis (cockroach) and tenebrio molitor (common mealbeetle). the immobilizing effects were quantified by measuring insect locomotor activity in circle arenas observed over 72 hr after venom injection. both insect species showed cramps, quivering and jerking of the limbs as wel ...	1989	2728023
[action of adrenocorticotropic hormone and the tripeptides, glu-his-l-phe and glu-his-d-phe on imprinting in the beetle, tenebrio molitor].		1989	209645
evidence for the expression of a glucuronic acid-containing epitope in the central nervous system of two insects (calliphora vicina, diptera; tenebrio molitor, coleoptera).	the monoclonal antibody caf-i recognises a glucuronic acid-containing epitope present on various acidic glycosphingolipids of calliphora vicina. immunohistochemistry was performed on caf-i-labelled whole-mount preparations of the central nervous system, visualised by peroxidase-conjugated second antibody. a differential, temporal and spatial expression of this epitope in metamorphosing nervous tissue was outlined, that apparently characterises homologous neuronal populations in two phylogenetica ...	1990	1691834
isolation of high-molecular-weight dna from insects.	a simple and rapid method for the isolation of high-molecular-weight dna from insects is described. the method does not require cscl ultracentrifugation or extensive dialysis. high-molecular-weight dna was obtained within 24 h. since the entire insect was used for dna isolation, an initial nuclei-enriched fraction was required. genomic dna was extracted from lysed nuclei by organic phase separation (liquid/liquid extraction). this method has been successfully applied to the isolation and purific ...	1990	1693047
hymenolepis diminuta: an investigation of juvenile hormone titre, degradation and supplementation in the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor.	metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta cause a perturbance of vitellogenesis in the intermediate host tenebrio molitor. the reduction in host reproductive output associated with infection may be due to this pathophysiology. many of these events are regulated by host juvenile hormone (jh). a comparison of the titre of jh and its rate of degradation in female control and parasitized 15-day-old insects has been made. haemolymph from female beetles contained 1.27 pmol jh equivalents/100 microliters. n ...	1990	2362769
tobacco plants transformed with the bean alphaai gene express an inhibitor of insect alpha-amylase in their seeds.	bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) seeds contain a putative plant defense protein that inhibits insect and mammalian but not plant alpha-amylases. we recently (j moreno, mj chrispeels [1989] proc natl acad sci usa 86:7885-7889) presented strong circumstantial evidence that this alpha-amylase inhibitor (alphaai) is encoded by an already-identified lectin gene whose product is referred to as lectin-like-protein (llp). we have now made a chimeric gene consisting of the coding sequence of the lectin gene ...	1990	16667540
occupational sensitivity to tenebrio molitor linnaeus (yellow mealworm).	tenebrio molitor is an abundant stored-grain pest in the northern united states. we evaluated an individual with work-related symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis on exposure to this insect. prick skin tests with extracts prepared from the larval, pupal, and adult-life stages were positive for the patient and for another individual with allergy to a closely related species of beetle, alphitobius diaperinus. specific ige antibodies to the extracts were demonstrated by rast. rast inhibition demonstrate ...	1990	2384648
identification of an allatostatin from the tobacco hornworm manduca sexta.	a peptide (manduca sexta allatostatin) that strongly inhibits juvenile hormone biosynthesis in vitro by the corpora allata from fifth-stadium larvae and adult females has been purified from extracts of heads of pharate adult m. sexta by a nine-step purification procedure. the primary structure of this 15-residue peptide has been determined: pglu-val-arg-phe-arg-gln-cys- tyr-phe-asn-pro-ile-ser-cys-phe-oh, where pglu is pyroglutamate). to our knowledge, this neuro-hormone has no sequence similari ...	1991	1946359
site-directed mutagenesis and expression in escherichia coli of wmai-1, a wheat monomeric inhibitor of insect alpha-amylase.	the wheat monomeric inhibitor wmai-1 (syn. 0.28) produced in escherichia coli using the pt7-7 expression vector has the correct n-terminal sequence and the same electrophoretic mobility and specific activity towards the alpha-amylase from the insect tenebrio molitor as the native wmai-1 isolated from wheat. this confirms that the native inhibitor is not glycosylated and contradicts claims that a putative glycosyl moiety was essential for inhibition. thirteen mutants have been obtained at six dif ...	1991	1932677
metacestode-induced depression of the production of, and response to, sex pheromone in the intermediate host tenebrio molitor.	hymenolepis diminuta infection of tenebrio molitor is associated with an impairment of vitellogenesis and a reduction in host fecundity. in this communication the effect of infection upon an additional aspect of host reproduction, the initiation of mating behavior, has been examined. copulatory release pheromone, extracted from control virgin females 6-7 days old, was shown to stimulate a positive mating response in 88% of 5- to 6-day-old control males; however, only a 56% response was elicited ...	1991	1885925
host stadium specificity in the gregarine assemblage parasitizing tenebrio molitor.	reciprocal cross-stadia experimental infections were used to demonstrate stadium specificity within the gregarine assemblage parasitizing tenebrio molitor, the yellow mealworm. gregarina cuneata, gregarina polymorpha, and gregarina steini are characteristic parasites of larval t. molitor. gregarina niphandrodes is a characteristic parasite of adult t. molitor. experimental infections were produced in all homologous host-parasite combinations. no infection was produced in heterologous or cross-st ...	1992	1556647
trehalase from male accessory gland of an insect, tenebrio molitor. cdna sequencing and developmental profile of the gene expression.	a cdna of alpha alpha-trehalase (ec 3.2.1.28) from a cdna library of male bean-shaped accessory gland of the mealworm beetle, tenebrio molitor, has been isolated by the homology screening approach. sequence analysis of the cdna (1830 bp) revealed that the cdna encoded a protein of 555 amino acids with a calculated m(r) of 64457. the deduced amino acid sequence had significant similarities to rabbit small intestine and escherichia coli trehalases. northern blotting and semi-quantitative pcr analy ...	1992	1445264
effect of acetylcholine and d-tubocurarine chloride on neuromuscular transmission in acheta domesticus and tenebrio molitor.		1992	206320
serial sectioning of insects with hard exoskeleton by dissolution of the exocuticle.	the method reported here was designed to produce paraffin serial sections as thin as 5 microns of insects or other arthropods with a hard cuticle. heads and abdomens of apis mellifera, eristalomyia tenax and tenebrio molitor were fixed with schaffer's liquid, dehydrate with 80% ethanol, 90% ethanol, two changes of 100% isopropanol (2 hr each) and 12 hr in a 1:1 mixture of paraffin (58 c melting point) at 60 c. they were molded in paraffin after 12 hr of infiltration under a partial vacuum at 60 ...	1992	1617001
toxicity of the venom from nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) toward fly hosts, nontarget insects, different developmental stages, and cultured insect cells.	a venom preparation from nasonia vitripennis, a wasp ectoparasitoid of fly pupae, was assayed for lethality in different stages of insects representing ten different orders and in cultured insect cells. in most cases, the motor activity of the injected insects remained completely normal for 1-2 days after the injection and displayed none of the symptoms of paralysis commonly reported for venoms of the hymenoptera. a natural host, the flesh fly sarcophaga bullata, was highly sensitive in the pupa ...	1993	8342173
isolation and identification of a cardioactive peptide from tenebrio molitor and spodoptera eridania.	we isolated several cardioactive peptides from extracts of whole heads of the mealworm, tenebrio molitor, and the southern armyworm, spodoptera eridania, using a semi-isolated heart of manduca sexta for bioassay. we have now isolated from each species the peptide with the strongest effect on rate of contraction of the heart. the peptides were identified using micro edman sequencing and mass spectrometric methods. this cardioactive peptide has the same primary structure from both species: pro-phe ...	1993	8129851
a survey of gregarines associated with tenebrio molitor and opatriodes vicinus in the central region of saudi arabia.	the present work recorded five species of septate gregarines in the intestine of two species of insects they were: gregarina polymorpha (hamm.), in the gut of tenebrio molitor (l.), percentage of infection 100%, with a density of 2-6 and g. cuneata (stein), in the gut of t. molitor (l.), percentage of infection 100% with a density of 15-17; hirmocystis harpali (watson), in the mid gut of opatriodes vicinus (fairmaire), percentage of infection 34%, with a density of 19-28 and leidyana sp., in the ...	1993	8482868
amplification and sequencing of dna from a 120-135-million-year-old weevil.	dna has been successfully isolated from both fossilized plant and animal tissues. the oldest material, dated as 25-40 million years old (tertiary), was obtained from amber-entombed bees and termites. tissues from both these insects yielded dna of good quality, which could be amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and subsequently sequenced, including the genes encoding 18s ribosomal rna and 16s rrna. we report here the extraction of dna from a 120-135-million-year-old weevil (nemonychi ...	1993	8505978
insect acetyl-coa carboxylase: activity during the larval, pupal and adult stages of insect development.	1. the activity of the lipogenic enzyme, acetyl-coa carboxylase, was investigated in four insect species; bombyx mori (lepidoptera), tenebrio molitor (coleoptera), glossina morsitans and sarcophaga nodosa (diptera). 2. acetyl-coa carboxylase activity in larval, pupal and adult forms was compared with the saponifiable lipid mass at each stage of the life-cycle, and found to follow similar patterns except for tenebrio molitor. 3. the results are examined in relation to known metabolic requirements ...	1993	7905374
effect of metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta on storage and circulating carbohydrates in the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor.	the metamorphosis of oncospheres of the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta, to mature metacestodes induces several pathophysiological effects in the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor (coleoptera). previous investigations have failed to elucidate the mechanism responsible for changes in the host reproductive physiology and behaviour. this work forms part of an assessment of the degree to which nutrient resource management may be involved in these interactions. we report that developing metacest ...	1994	8008461
purification and molecular cloning of cdna for an inducible antibacterial protein from larvae of the coleopteran, tenebrio molitor.	antibacterial activity was induced in the hemolymph of larvae of the coleopteran tenebrio molitor by injection of escherichia coli. an antibacterial protein, named tenecin 1, was purified to homogeneity from the larval hemolymph and characterized. a cdna clone for tenecin 1 was isolated and its complete sequence was determined. this protein was found to inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria and to consist of 43-amino acid residues including six cysteine residues. the disulfide structure o ...	1994	7798186
a specific binding protein from tenebrio molitor for the insecticidal toxin of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis.	biopesticides based on the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis have attracted wide attention as safe alternatives to chemical insecticides. in this paper, we report, for the first time, the identification of a single binding protein from a coleopteran insect, tenebrio molitor, that is specific for the cryiii toxin of b. thuringiensis. the protein appeared as a single band of 144 kda on radioligand and immunoblots of total proteins extracted from brush border membrane vesicles of the midgut of t. mo ...	1994	8166706
interactions between parasites and insects vectors.	this review stresses the importance of studies that will provide a basic understanding of the pathology of parasite-infected vector insects. this knowledge should be a vital component of the very focussed initiatives currently being funded in the areas of vector control. vector fecundity reduction is discussed as an example of such pathology. underlying mechanisms are being investigated in a model system, hymenolepis diminuta-infected tenebrio molitor and in onchocerca-infected blackflies and pl ...	1994	7565125
asthma caused by live fish bait.	larvae of insects and worms are commonly used as live fish bait (lfb) by anglers. asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and urticaria related to various kinds of lfb have been reported.	1994	8120269
neuropeptides and related nucleic acid sequences detected in peneid shrimps by immunohistochemistry and molecular hybridizations.	the neurosecretory cells in the eyestalks of penaeus indicus and p. vannamei were studied by immunocytochemistry using polyclonal antisera raised against purified homarus americanus neuropeptides. cross-reactions between two h. americanus anti-crustacean hyperglycemic hormone antisera and penaeus neurosecretory material were observed. the specific anti-vitellogenesis inhibiting hormone antiserum only showed an immunological reaction in the nervous tract and the sinus gland of penaeus, suggesting ...	1994	8072696
uniform distribution of satellite dna variants on the chromosomes of tenebrionid species alphitobius diaperinus and tenebrio molitor.	the chromosomes of tenebrionid species alphitobius diaperinus contain large blocks of pericentromerically located constitutive heterochromatin, as revealed by c-banding procedure. as previously reported, satellite dna of this species is composed of two related monomeric units organized in three satellite subfamilies. in order to analyze the chromosomal location of the satellite dna and the distribution of monomeric variants within it, and compare it with the distribution of monomer variants in t ...	1995	8598348
microsomal juvenile hormone binding proteins in the follicle cells of tenebrio molitor.	the microsomal fraction of tenebrio molitor follicle cells has been found to contain both high and low affinity binding sites for juvenile hormone (jh) iii. using scatchard analysis, the equilibrium dissociation constants, kd, were calculated as 1.0 x 10(-8) and 4.3 x 10(-7) m respectively. kinetic data support a rapid binding of the hormone to the site(s), with rate constants of ka = 3.77 x 10(8) m-1 min-1 and kd = 0.0075 min-1. affinity of the binding site(s) for jh iii was higher than for eit ...	1995	7787845
hymenolepis diminuta-induced fecundity reduction may be caused by changes in hormone binding to tenebrio molitor ovaries.	aspects of vitellogenesis, known to be controlled by juvenile hormone, are adversely affected by hymenolepis diminuta infection of tenebrio molitor, in spite of circulating titres of the hormone remaining unchanged. it has therefore been proposed that juvenile hormone binding is disrupted at the tissue site level. juvenile hormone iii binding sites were located in the nuclear, microsomal and post-microsomal supernatant fractions of the follicle cells of tenebrio molitor. when jh-iii binding was ...	1995	7596640
phosphate metabolites of tenebrio molitor (coleoptera: tenebrionidae) infected with metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta.	in vivo phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31p nmr) spectra and those of extracts of tenebrio molitor l. infected with metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta r. showed modifications in the amounts of phosphorous-containing metabolites when compared with those of uninfected beetles. infected females were more affected than infected males, having significantly more glucose-6-phosphate (glu-6-p), glycerol-3-phosphate (gly-3-p), and phosphorylethanolamine (pe), but less inorganic orthophosphate ...	1995	7616510
increased coprophagic activity of the beetle, tenebrio molitor, on feces containing eggs of the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta.	when provided with fecal pellets from uninfected (control) rats and rats infected with the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta, more fed and starved (72 h) female and starved male tenebrio molitor fed on fecal pellets from infected- than from control rats; compared to fecal pellets from controls rats, fed males avoided the infective fecal pellets. uninfective and infective fecal pellets had similar moisture contents, so increased coprophagic activity was not due to differences in moisture content. fed ...	1995	8557464
isolation and identification of a diuretic hormone from the mealworm tenebrio molitor.	a diuretic hormone of unusual structure was isolated from extracts of whole heads of the mealworm tenebrio molitor. the hormone is a 37-aa peptide of 4371 da, with the sequence sptisitapidvlrktweqerarkqmvknreflnsln. this peptide increases camp production in malpighian tubules of t. molitor. the amino acid sequence reveals that this peptide is a member of the family of sauvagine/corticotropin-releasing factor/urotensin i-related insect diuretic hormones. the c-terminal sequence of this peptide is ...	1995	8618894
human trehalase: characterization, localization, and its increase in urine by renal proximal tubular damage.	by using polymerase chain reaction, cdna encoding human renal trehalase has been isolated. the partial amino acid sequence deduced by the cdna showed homologies in rabbit, tenebrio molitor and silkworm trehalase. northern blots showed renal trehalase mrna to be about 2.0 kb. to examine the properties of renal and urinary human trehalase, the trehalase cdna was inserted in the pmal-cri vector downstream from the male gene, which encodes maltose-binding protein. transfection of the recombinant pma ...	1996	8773341
a serine proteinase in the penetration glands of the hexacanths of hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda, cyclophyllidea).	histochemically demonstrable activity of a serine proteinase was detected in the penetration glands of hymenolepis diminuta hexacanths. at the optimal ph of 8.4 the enzyme hydrolyzed n-blocked l-aminoacyl- and n-blocked l-peptidyl-naphthylamides bearing l-arginine at the p1 subsite. the proteinase did not require either ca2+ or mg2+ for its activity and was insensitive to 1 mm egta and 1 mm edta. organic fluorophosphates inhibited it, whereas thiol-blocking compounds did not. at operative ph val ...	1996	8825448
hymenolepis diminuta: metacestode-induced reduction in the synthesis of the yolk protein, vitellogenin, in the fat body of tenebrio molitor.	vitellogenin synthesis by the fat body has been monitored using in vitro culture and immunoprecipitation. this system was found to be efficient for measuring vitellogenin production in both non-infected tenebrio molitor and those infected with hymenolepis diminuta. in fat bodies from infected beetles, vitellogenin production was decreased by up to 75% (day 24 post-infection) and, at all times investigated, vitellogenin synthesis was significantly below control levels (days 3-30 post-infection). ...	1996	8984450
a nmr study of parasitized tenebrio molitor and hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids.	in vivo nmr spectra of uninfected and hymenolepis diminuta-infected tenebrio molitor fed d-(1-13c)glucose showed that infected beetles of both sexes had a significantly higher ratio for (glycogen c1/lipid (ch2)n) than the corresponding controls. quantitative metabolic profiles and the per cent 13c-label in metabolites, based on nmr of perchloric acid extracts, are presented for control and infected beetles fed d-(1-13c)glucose and for h. diminuta cysticercoids. female beetles, both control and i ...	1996	8894762
functional significance of loops in the receptor binding domain of bacillus thuringiensis cryiiia delta-endotoxin.	analysis of the three surface loops in domain ii of bacillus thuringiensis cryiiia delta-endotoxin has been carried out to assess their role in receptor binding and toxicity. site-directed mutagenesis was used to convert loop residues to alanine and the mutant proteins were analyzed for structural stability, toxicity to beetle larvae (tenebrio molitor), binding to receptors on t. molitor brush border membrane vesicles (tm-bbmv) and insertion into bbmv, as measured by irreversible membrane recept ...	1996	8568902
inhibitory activities against heterologous α-amylases and in vitro allergenic reactivity of einkorn wheats.	salt extracts from seeds of 36 lines of einkorn wheats were analyzed for their inhibitory activity towards two insect (tenebrio molitor, coleoptera, and ephestia kuehniella, lepidoptera) and one mammalian (human salivary) α-amylases. whereas all ten t. monococcum accessions tested were active towards the lepidopteran enzyme, they had no effect on the coleopteran or the mammalian ones. more variability was found among the 21 lines of t. boeticum analyzed, although none of them inhibited human α-a ...	1996	24162403
gregarina triboliorum (eugregarinida: gregarinidae) n. sp. from tribolium confusum and resolution of the confused taxonomic history of gregarina minuta ishii, 1914.	the septate gregarine parasites of flour beetles (tribolium spp.) include gregarina minuta ishii, 1914, a relatively small species in which both primite and satellite possess an obvious protomerite, and a larger species that lacks the satellite protomerite. the latter species has been placed in the genera didymophyes and hirmocystis by various authors, but studies reported here demonstrate that this species, herein described as gregarina triboliorum, exhibits early pairing and produces oocyst ch ...	1997	9194834
haemolymph from female beetles infected with hymenolepis diminuta metacestodes retards the development of ovarian follicles in recipient tenebrio molitor (coleoptera).	infection with developing metacestodes of the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta, is known to retard the accumulation of the yolk protein, vitellin, in the terminal ovarian follicles of the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor. it is probable that this is the result of competitive inhibition of juvenile hormone binding at a microsomal binding site in the beetle follicular epithelium. experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that inhibitor molecules were circulating in the haemolymph of in ...	1997	9051923
impairment of the chemical defence of the beetle, tenebrio molitor, by metacestodes (cysticeroids) of the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta.	the defensive glands of beetles, tenebrio molitor, infected with metacestodes (cysticercoids) of hymenolepis diminuta are everted less frequently upon stimulation, and contain less toluquinone (methylbenzoquinone) and m-cresol, than glands of uninfected controls. these differences, as shown in predation trials with wild rats, increase the likelihood that both cysticercoids and beetles will be ingested by the tapeworm's definitive host. this is the first documented case of a parasite inhibiting t ...	1997	9226958
occupational allergic disease in cereal workers by stored grain pests.	it is well known that workers occupationally exposed to grain dust have a high prevalence of respiratory symptoms, but their pathogenesis remains obscure when sensitization to cereal flour cannot be demonstrated. storage mites, tenebroids, and cockroaches are stored-grain pests found in grain and cereal products frequently in our area, where the cereal industry is the most important industry. an epidemiological analysis of sensitization of these stored-grain pests was performed on 4379 patients ...	1997	9350153
molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of cdna encoding human trehalase.	a complete cdna clone encoding human trehalase, a glycoprotein of brush-border membranes, has been isolated from a human kidney library. the cdna encodes a protein of 583 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 66,595. human enzyme contains a typical cleavable signal peptide at amino terminus, five potential glycosylation sites, and a hydrophobic region at carboxyl terminus where the protein is anchored to plasma membranes via glycosylphosphatidylinositol. the deduced amino acid sequen ...	1997	9427547
gene expression of trehalase during post-dormant development of the brine shrimp, artemia: comparison of the two species.	based on a homology screening approach, two degenerate oligonucleotides were employed as primers in a polymerase chain reaction to amplify a fragment of dna encoding trehalase with a template of cdna derived from embryos of american artemia. sequence analysis revealed that the fragment was composed of 228 bp comprising 76 amino acids, and highly homologous to trehalases of tenebrio molitor (mealworm beetle), rabbit, caenorhabditis elegans, bombyx mori (silkworm) and escherichia coli trea and tre ...	1997	9431577
the interplay between patency, microsomal na(+)/k(+) atpase activity and juvenile hormone, in tenebrio molitor parasitized by hymenolepsis diminuta.	beetles infected with metacestodes of the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta, exhibit reduced fecundity, due to alterations in vitellogenesis. follicle cell patency is retarded and inefficient vitellogenin uptake ensues. here, we have reassessed patency and its stimulation by jh iii at day 3 post-infection, when the most detrimental changes are observed in other ovarian processes. in rhodnius prolixus, patency is believed to be brought about by the action of a jh-dependent membrane-bound na(+)/k ...	1997	12769895
fine structure of the kinetochores in six species of the coleoptera.	kinetochore structure was examined in a total of 6 species from 5 different families of the coleoptera using transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin serial sections. metaphase spermatogonia and primary and secondary spermatocytes were studied in tenebrio molitor (tenebrionidae) to determine whether kinetochore structure varies depending on the cell type. in all three cell types, the kinetochore microtubules (mts) were in direct contact with the chromosomal surface, and kinetochore plates w ...	1997	18464835
parasite manipulation of insect reproduction: who benefits?	host fertility is often curtailed as a result of parasitic infection. the hypothesis that this may confer an adaptive advantage upon the symbionts if nutrients are directed from reproduction and made available for host/parasite maintenance is explored. the suggestion is made that an understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of fecundity reduction may shed light upon the evolutionary implications of this strategy for both parasite and host. to illustrate this the down-regulat ...	1998	9695106
bacterial expression of tenecin 3, an insect antifungal protein isolated from tenebrio molitor, and its efficient purification.	tenecin 3, an antifungal protein isolated from the insect tenebrio molitor larvae, inhibits growth of the fungus candida albicans. however, the antifungal mechanism and functions of tenecin 3 have not yet been studied due to its very low availability from the natural source. here we report an expression system of the recombinant tenecin 3 in e. coli, whose amino acid composition is the same with that of the natural tenecin 3. we also devised a simple and easy procedure to isolate the recombinant ...	1998	9895135
growth inhibitory effect of juvenile hormone analogues on epimastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi.	several compounds, structurally related to the insect growth regulator fenoxycarb, exhibited interesting inhibition action to control proliferation of trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite responsible for chagas' disease. some of these drugs were shown to be potent growth inhibitors of this parasite. all of these drugs had previously presented juvenoid activity on several non-related bug species such as tenebrio molitor, galleria mellonella, dysdercus cingulatos, and pyrrhocoris apterus.	1998	9873713
the effect of metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta on the bean-shaped accessory glands in male tenebrio molitor.	metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta affect several aspects of female reproductive physiology in tenebrio molitor and such effects are mediated via the endocrine system. the effects on male reproduction are less well known and were studied with respect to the bean-shaped accessory glands (bags). the size and wet and dry weight of bags from infected and uninfected beetles were compared and rose to a plateau from 0-6 days post-emergence in uninfected beetles but in infected individuals continued t ...	1998	9509029
insect larvae contain substances toxic to adults: the discovery of paralysins.	acidic methanolic extracts of larvae of nine different insect species were found to contain substances that cause a lethal effect in the adult stage of the same species and of other species. these endogenous toxic substances, apparently being widely spread over the class of insects, were designated as paralysins, because of their immediate and observable paralytic effect upon injection. the developmental concentration curves of five different species of insects (galleria mellonella (lepidoptera) ...	1998	12770158
studies on two ecdysone receptor isoforms of the spruce budworm, choristoneura fumiferana.	a full-length cdna clone corresponding to the choristoneura fumiferana ecdysone receptor-a isoform (cfecr-a) was isolated. the deduced amino acid sequence of cfecr-a differed from cfecr-b in the nh2-terminal region of the a/b domain. the cfecr-a-specific region showed high amino acid identity with ecr-a isoforms of manduca sexta, bombyx mori, drosophila melanogaster and tenebrio molitor. isoform-specific probes were used to study the expression of ecr-a and ecr-b mrnas. both probes detected 6 kb ...	1999	10432225
antifungal activities of recombinant antifungal protein by conjugation with polyethylene glycol.	tenecin 3, an antifungal protein isolated from coleopteran insect tenebrio molitor larvae, inhibited growth of the fungus candida albicans. we have previously reported that tenecin 3 has a propensity of random structure with very loose turn-like elements by circular dichroism (cd) analysis and 2d nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy [lee et al. (1999)]. however, the antifungal mechanism of tenecin-3 has not yet been studied due to its very low availability from natural sources. as an initial s ...	1999	10515605
molecular cloning and functional properties of two early-stage encapsulation-relating proteins from the coleopteran insect, tenebrio molitor larvae.	encapsulation is a major defensive reaction against foreign materials that are too large to be phagocytosed by individual hemocytes; however, the biochemical process of encapsulation is still obscure. to isolate and characterize the early-stage encapsulation-relating protein (erp), we used the coleopteran insect, tenebrio molitor larvae, injecting three differing kinds of bead or inserting pieces of surgical suture into the abdomen of t. molitor larvae. the resulting proteins from the injected b ...	1999	10411635
a plant-seed inhibitor of two classes of alpha-amylases: x-ray analysis of tenebrio molitor larvae alpha-amylase in complex with the bean phaseolus vulgaris inhibitor.	the alpha-amylase from tenebrio molitor larvae (tma) has been crystallized in complex with the alpha-amylase inhibitor (alpha-ai) from the bean phaseolus vulgaris. a molecular-replacement solution of the structure was obtained using the refined pig pancreatic alpha-amylase (ppa) and alpha-ai atomic coordinates as starting models. the structural analysis showed that although tma has the typical structure common to alpha-amylases, large deviations from the mammalian alpha-amylase models occur in t ...	1999	10089450
ttagg telomeric repeats in chromosomes of some insects and other arthropods.	we studied the occurrence of the ttagg telomere repeats by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (fish) and southern hybridization in ten insect species and two other arthropods. (ttagg)n-containing telomeres were found in three lepidoptera species, the silkworm bombyx mori (in which the telomeric sequence was recently discovered), the flour moth ephestia kuehniella, and the wax moth galleria mellonella, in one species of hymenoptera, the honey bee apis mellifera, in one species of coleoptera, the ...	1999	10560968
structural characteristics of tenecin 3, an insect antifungal protein.	tenecin 3, an antifungal protein, previously isolated from the insect tenebrio molitor, inhibits growth of the fungus candida albicans. however, the antifungal mechanism and functions of tenecin 3 remain unknown. as an initial step to study the mechanism and functions, physical and structural properties of tenecin 3 were examined by circular dichroism (cd) analysis and 2d nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy. these analyses suggest that tenecin 3 has a propensity of random structure with very ...	1999	10204073