Publications

skin infection due to alternaria tenuis: with the report of a case.		1933	20319289
effect of beta-indol-3-acetic acid, phenoxy acetic acid and beta-naphthoxy acetic acid on growth of alternaria tenuis.		1950	14778308
[quick method for determination of lysozyme activity].		1950	14773542
studies in the biochemistry of microorganisms. 90. alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether, metabolic products of alternaria tenuis.		1953	13105649
[studies on the occurrence of sectors in fungal colonies, especially in alternaria tenuis].		1955	14388714
studies in allergenicity of extracts prepared from sporulating and nonsporulating alternaria tenuis.		1957	13405692
studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms. 103. metabolites of alternaria tenuis auct; culture filtrate products.		1957	13479395
[effect of sources of carbon on morphological and parasitic properties of the causative agent of clover sprouts diseases alternaria tenuis ness].		1957	13483133
studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms. 106. metabolites of alternaria tenuis auct.: the structure of tenuazonic acid.		1959	13662306
on a rare disease due to alternaria tenuis nees (alternariasis).		1960	13730495
studies in the biosynthesis of fungal metabolites. 4. alternariol monomethyl ether and its relation to other phenolic metabolites of alternaria tenuis.		1961	13776530
studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms. 108. metabolites of alternaria tenuis auct.: the biosynthesis of tenuazonic acid.		1961	16748879
seedling albinism induced by an extract of alternaria tenuis.	the chlorophyll deficiency in citrus seedlings known as albinism was induced by inoculating seed with certain clones of alternaria tenuis, or by germination of the seed in contact with extracts from the fungus. the active material in the extracts apparently has a rather specific inhibiting effect on chlorophyll formation in seedlings of various species.	1961	17817394
alternaria tenuis auct. in bombay-maharashtra.		1965	5896244
stimulation of germination of alternaria tenuis neerg with serum from altitude-exposed rats.		1966	6003436
mouse toxicty of fungi of tobacco.	a bioassay for fungal toxins based on the intraperitoneal injection of test materials into mice was used to screen 976 cultures isolated from tobacco and grown in a high-protein baby cereal and also to determine whether samples of tobacco damaged by fungi are more toxic than samples of apparently sound tobacco. of 236 fungal isolates from noncured tobacco, 79% were lethal when homogenized cultures of these isolates were tested. forty-nine per cent of 740 fungi isolated from cured tobacco were le ...	1969	5392461
enzymatic reduction of iron oxide by fungi.	the occurrence of the iron-reducing phenomenon among some common fungi was studied. results indicated that (i) the reduction of ferric iron to the ferrous state by fungi seems to be restricted to nitrate reductase-inducible strains such as actinomucor repens, alternaria tenuis, fusarium oxysporum, and f. solani and (ii) the amount of dissolved ferrous iron may be reduced progressively by increasing the amount of nitrate added to the medium. compared with a complex medium (sabouraud medium), less ...	1969	16349855
utilization of methylthio-s-triazine for growth of soil fungi.	aspergillus niger van tieghem, aspergillus tamarii kita, and aspergillus flavus link ex fries utilized the methylthio moiety of 2,4-bis(isopropylamino) -6-methyl-mercapto-s-triazine (prometryne) as a sulfur nutrient source. other soil fungal isolates not affected by prometryne concentrations to 1 mg/ml culture included: aspergillus oryzae (ahlburg) cohn, curvularia lunata (wakker) boedijn, trichoderma viride persoon ex fries, alternaria tenuis nees ex corda, penicillium funiculosum thom, and pae ...	1970	16349873
[alternaria tenuis in human skin pathology].		1970	5447117
effects of n2-o2 and co2-o2 tensions on growth of fungi isolated from damaged flue-cured tobacco.	ten fungi, aspergillus niger, a. flavus, a. ochraceus, a. ruber, a. repens, a. amstelodami, alternaria tenuis, penicillium brevi-compactum, cladosporium herbarum, and chaetomium dolicotrichum, were isolated from moldy flue-cured tobacco and grown in various mixtures of n(2)-o(2) or co(2)-o(2). a 1 to 5% concentration of o(2) in an n(2) atmosphere caused the greatest change in growth of the nine species, and a 10 to 20% concentration of o(2) for a. flavus. all species, except a. amstelodami and a ...	1970	5461786
the effects of tentoxin on chlorophyll synthesis and plastid structure in cucumber and cabbage.	to determine if chlorosis caused by tentoxin, a toxin produced by alternaria tenuis nees., is due to interference with chlorophyll synthesis directly or to disruption of normal chloroplast development, the effects of the toxin on these processes in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) and cabbage (brassica oleracea l., var. capitata) were studied. cucumber cotyledons are highly sensitive to the toxin but exhibited no interference with the conversion of protochlorophyll(ide) to chlorophyll(ide) or with ...	1970	5463696
isolation and identification of a new toxin, altenuene, from the fungus alternaria tenuis.		1971	4995517
tenuazonic acid, a toxic produced by alternaria alternata.	fifty-seven of 87 isolates of alternaria alternata (fr) keissler grown on autoclaved, moist corn-rice substrate and fed to rats were lethal. the major toxin produced was isolated and characterized as tenuazonic acid. twenty of 23 toxigenic alternaria isolates examined produced tenuazonic acid. no tenuazonic acid could be detected in either of the field samples of sorghum or blackeyed peas, which were heavily invaded by alternaria.	1972	5063203
fungi isolated from flue-cured tobacco sold in southeast united states, 1968-1970.	flue-cured tobacco leaves, from low- and middle-stalk positions, offered for sale in each of two markets, within each of five tobacco types, were evaluated for moisture content (mc) and filamentous fungi during august through october in 1968, 1969, and 1970. alternaria alternata, penicillium cyclopium, aspergillus niger, aspergillus repens, and aspergillus flavus were most frequently isolated from cultured tissue. other filamentous fungi that grew from the tissue included species from four gener ...	1972	4627970
microbial metabolites with insecticidal properties.	a screen of fungi for insecticidal activity revealed the ability of aspergillus versicolor to make versimide, methyl-alpha-(methylsuccinimido)acrylate, a novel contact insecticide. the larvicidal activities of alternaria tenuis and fusarium lateritium were found to be due to tenuazonic acid and diacetoxyscirpenol, respectively. thiolutin, cycloheximide, rubratoxin, patulin, trichothecin, an actinomycin, and scirpene-producing fungi also had insecticidal activity.	1972	4628800
alternaria leaf spot of tobacco. ii. independent segregation of morphological and virulence traits in conidial populations of alternaria tenuis nees.		1972	4672785
microbial production of tenuazonic acid analogues.	the fungus alternaria tenuis normally produces tenuazonic acid (3-acetyl-5-secbutyltetramic acid). on supplementation of the culture substrate with l-valine and l-leucine, the organism formed two new tetramic acids, 3-acetyl-5-isopropyltetramic acid and 3-acetyl-5-isobutyltetramic acid, respectively. l-phenylalanine was not utilized by the organism as a tetramic acid precursor.	1973	4790594
the lipid composition of a species of alternaria of the "alternaria alternata group".		1973	4796440
on the biosynthesis of tenuazonic acid in alternaria tenuis.		1973	4798910
pathogenicity of alternaria alternata and its antibody production in experimental animals.		1974	4474596
[optimizing the medium for beta-galactosidase biosynthesis by alternaria tenuis].		1974	4476073
[factors influencing the biosynthesis of beta-galactosidase in alternaria tenuis].	the effect of ph, carbon sources, and some organic substances on the biosynthesis of beta-galactosidase was studied in alternaria tenuis on a defined medium that had been optimized by the method of mathematical planning of experiments. optimal conditions for the production of the enzyme and its liberation into the cultural broth were maintained by adding 2 per cent soya flour to the medium and 0.1 m phosphate-citrate buffer ph 3.0. the production of the enzyme was increased by 3 to 4 times. the ...	1975	240105
[production and properties of a beta-galactosidase preparation from alternaria tenuis].	different methods of the preparation of fungal beta-galactosidase from the 72-hour culture of alternaria tenuis were tested: lyophilization of the culture liquid, precipitation with ethanol, acetone, ammonium sulphate. optimal results were obtained with precipitation by 1.5 acetone volume. studies of the properties of fungal beta-galactosidase demonstrated that the preparation retained its activity during 22 month storage at 5 degrees c. the fungal preparation had ph optimum at a more acidic zon ...	1975	241996
primary interaction between antibody and components of alternaria. i. immunology and chemical characteristics of labeled antigens.	components were isolated from alternaria tenuis and its culture filtrate, and were radiolabeled with 123-i. the labeled antigenic components had a high polysaccharide content as determined by staining patterns following electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels and by inactivation with sodium metaperiodate. a primary binding test was employed to detect and measure serum antibodies to the components from a. tennuis. this procedure was more sensitive in detecting antibodies that bound to antigens tha ...	1975	48526
primary interaction between antibody and components of alternaria. ii. antibodies in sera from normal, allergic, and immunoglobulin-deficient children.	antibodies in sera from normal, allergic, and immunoglobulin-deficient children were studied for binding to radiolabeled components of alternaria tenuis. significant binding levels were found in 103 of 105 sera from normal children. the levels were age-dependent, rising from a low point in the 7- to 12-month age group to adult levels by the age of 8 years. levels of binding to two antigens, a culture filtrate derivative (125i-clf) and a mycelial derivative (125-i-hs), were similar. sera from ast ...	1975	1094055
effects of tentoxin on enzymic activities in cucumber and cabbage cotyledons.	tentoxin, produced by alternaria alternata (fr.) keissl. causes severe variegated chlorosis in germinating seedlings of certain dicotyledonous species. however, it does not impair radicle and hypocotyl elongation or cotyledon expansion. effects of the toxin on the activity of selected enzymes from both chloroplasts and cytoplasm were determined. cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), which is highly sensitive to tentoxin and cabbage (brassica oleracea l.), which is resistant, were used as test plants. t ...	1975	1171367
incidence of serum precipitins against organic-dust antigens in different populations by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.	the incidence of serum antidust and antifungal precipitins was determined by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in 317 atopic and nonatopic subjects of three geographic areas (north central, southern, and western united states). the selected lyophilized crude antigens employed were from house dust, micropolyspora faeni, candida albicans, alternaria tenuis, aspergillus fumigatus, puccinia coronata, cantharellus cibarius, and amborsia trifida. antidust precipitins were detected with high frequency in at ...	1975	1192851
the atmospheric fungal flora of the athens metropolitan area.	in the research programme of the department of microbiology of the athens university the nature of the mycological flora of the athenian air was studied. the research took place during the calendar year 1971. the open air was sampled twice weekly from two observation stations. the open plate technique was used, petri dishes containing sabourand's agar being exposed for 15 minutes. a total of 180 plates were exposed, and 1714 fungal colonies were isolated; these were subcultured and identified as ...	1975	1207717
dual infection of a white-tailed deer by dermatophilus congolensis and alternaria alternata.	infection by both dermatophilus congolensis and alternaria alternata was found in a 5 1/2-year-old, female white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). encrusted lesions characteristic of dermatophilosis were observed on the hocks, flanks, and back. giemsa-staining of smears of material from beneath the crusts revealed branching filaments, transversely and longitudinally divided into packets of coccoid cells typical of d congolensis. hyphae morphologically consistent with those of a alternata wer ...	1975	1236841
effect of substrate on metabolite production of alternaria alternata.	alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether are commonly associated with weathered grain sorghum. production of these metabolites and altenuene by isolates of alternaria alternata was evaluated on various sterile grain substrates. at 35% moisture content and 25 c, metabolite yields were highest on rice, intermediate on sorghums, and lowest on wheat and yellow corn. fourteen-to 21-day cultures on milled rice were best in terms of ease of metabolite recovery, even though yields were higher on 28- ...	1976	945039
regulation and metabolic background of polyketide formation. i. effects of (-)-hydroxycitrate and metabolic roles of citrate and malate in fatty acid and polyketide formations.	the effects of (-)-hydroxycitrate on fatty acid and alternariol syntheses from glucose and acetate in alternaria alternata were investigated. fatty acid synthesis from glucose and acetate was inhibited by (-)-hydroxycitrate. the inhibition could partly be removed by the addition of malate or isocitrate. alternariol synthesis from glucose was also inhibited by (-)-hydroxycitrate. this inhibition was not influenced to the same extent by malate addition as was that of fatty acid synthesis. it is sh ...	1976	945650
variability of alternaria alternata: biochemical and immunological characteristics of culture filtrates from seven isolates.	biochemical variability of culture filtrates from the common allergenic mold alternaria alternata was studied. differences between culture filtrates from 7 different isolates and between 4 batches of culture filtrate from the same isolate were observed, suggesting the unreliability of presently employed biochemical methods in the routine standardization of mold allergens and the possibility of difficulties in developing standard techniques for their purification. dextranases, cellulases, and aga ...	1976	985835
nuclear distribution in alternaria tenuis.	nuclear distribution and behaviour during vegetative growth and spore formation in alternaria tenuis was studied utilising the hc1-giemsa staining technique. the vegetative mycelium and conidia are predominantly monokaryotic. anastomoses, followed by nuclear migrations, have been recorded. intercellular nuclear migrations have only been observed in germinating conidia. nuclear behaviour during conidial formation indicates that the conidia are homokaryotic. cytological differences have been found ...	1976	987535
cutaneous microabscess formation from alernaria alternata.	a 69-year-old farmer with acute lymphocytic lymphoma developed multiple ulcerated hemorrhagic cutaneous lesions. alternaria alternata was cultured from the lesions and hyphae were seen in biopsies of the lesions. the potential role of alternaria as a human pathogen is discussed.	1976	989259
metabolites of alternaria alternata: ergosterol and ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one.		1977	560401
tenuazonic acid production by alternaria alternata and alternaria tenuissima isolated from cotton.	cultures of alternaria alternata (three isolates) and alternaria tenuissima (three isolates) obtained from cottonseeds and bolls were toxigenic when cultured on various laboratory media. a mycotoxin was isolated and identified as tenuazonic acid by using solvent partition, thin-layer chromatography, and instrument analyses. toxicity was monitored with brine shrimp and chicken embryo bioassays. all cultures except a. alternata 938 produced tenuazonic acid when grown on cottonseed and on yeast ext ...	1977	562128
fungal antigens as a source of sensitization and respiratory disease in scottish maltworkers.	mycological and serological studies were carried out as part of a survey of respiratory disease in scottish maltworkers. 70% of stained sputum smears from 574 workers showed the presence of higher plant cells and/or myclelia, and the spores of common environmental fungi. penicillium spp. (90%), rhizopus stolonifer (48%) and yeasts (53%) were the dominant fungi in 699 sputum cultures, and showed a similar proportional distribution in 327 samples of grain, malt, culms and dusts from fifty-six malt ...	1977	589785
molds on vegetables at the time of harvest.	the mean numbers of colony-forming units of molds present on vegetables at the time of harvest were in the range of 4.2 x 10(3) to 6.7 x 10(3)/g for all vegetables except cucurbits and asparagus. the numbers were not influenced by cultivars within species, duration of the growing season, distant separation of the growing fields, or elevation above ground. numbers increased with rainfall during either of 3 days before harvest and decreased when the mean daily temperature exceeded 24 degrees c. th ...	1978	646353
the influence of water-logging stage upon the paddy soil mycoflora in the ukraine.	the soil fungal flora of paddy soils from the southern districts of the ukraine was investigated. from 287 soil samples 170 species were isolated. they belonged to the following genera: oomycetes 1.2%, zygomycetes 8.8%, ascomycetes 5.8%, deuteromycetes 84.2%. certain fungi were found to be dominant forms, among them mortierella alpina peyron., penicillium funiculosum thom, p. rugulosum thom, p. chrysogenum thom, acremonium strictum w. gams, acr. breve w. gams, alternaria alternata (fr.) riessler ...	1978	726714
equine nodular dermatitis associated with alternaria tenuis infection.		1978	751314
light inhibits the production of alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in alternaria alternata.	alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler, grown in drop culture, produced alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in late growth phase. production was almost completely inhibited when the fungal cultures were exposed to white light (180 w/m2), although mycelial dry weight was not significantly affected. the fungus was most sensitive to light during the exponential growth phase. twelve hours of light exposure was sufficient to decrease significantly the production of the secondary metabolites. in ...	1978	569466
[optimization of the conditions for beta-galactosidase biosynthesis in eukaryotes].	liquid whey can be subsituted by dry whey in the growth medium for saccharomyces fragilis producing endocellular beta-galactosidase. the total biosynthesis of beta-galactosidase by the yeast on the medium containing dry whey can be increased by 40-50 percent as a result of additional stepwise introduction of lactose into the medium or optimization of the medium by mathematical planning of the experiment. constructive metabolism of the yeast is not correlated with the rate of biosynthesis of beta ...	1978	418313
alternaria alternata as a cause of opportunistic fungal infections in man.		1978	285458
detection of mutagens produced by fungi with the salmonella typhimurium assay.	forty-one fungal isolates (one isolate per species) representing common plant pathogens and food crop contaminants were grown on sterile, polished rice and assayed for mutagenic activity in the salmonella typhimurium-microsome system. initially, single doses of aqueous and chloroform extracts of the moldy rice were assayed against the ta100 tester strain by incorporating extracts into the growth medium and by applying small quantities on disks placed on the agar surface. suspected activity was e ...	1978	354528
production of nadph in the mannitol cycle and its relation to polyketide formation in alternaria alternata.	the enzymes mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, mannitol-1-phosphatase, mannitol dehydrogenase and hexokinase participate in an enzymatic cycle in the fungus alternaria alternata. one turn of the cycle gives the net result: nadh + nadp+ + atp leads to nad+ + nadph + adp + pi. the cycle alone can meet the total need of nadph formation for fat synthesis in the organism. a polyketide producing strain of a. alternata shows a lower mannitol oxidation as well as a lower fat synthesis than a nonproduci ...	1978	28947
toxins of molds from decaying tomato fruit.	among 27 mold isolates from decaying tomatoes, culture filtrates or ethyl acetate extracts of 8 isolates grown in yeast extract-sucrose medium were markedly toxic (mortality, greater than 50%) to brine shrimp larvae. the toxicity of six of these isolates could be attributed to the presence of citrinin, tenuazonic acid, or t-2 toxin. ethyl acetate extracts of five alternaria isolates and one fusarium isolate were mutagenic for salmonella typhimurium strains. in ripe tomatoes inoculated with toxin ...	1979	391152
blue light inhibits mycotoxin production and increases total lipids and pigmentation in alternaria alternata.	light inhibits production of the mycotoxins alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether, both polyketids produced by alternaria alternata. this effect seems to be general because seven isolates of a. alternata with different alternariol- and alternariol monomethyl ether-producing abilities all respond to continuous light with reduced levels of alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether when the mycotoxins were calculated on a microgram-per-milligram (dry weight) basis. blue light inhibited al ...	1979	526015
preferential synthesis of ige reaginic antibodies in rats immunized with alum-adsorbed antigens.	the reaginic antibody response to alum-precipitated ovalbumin (oa) and the dialyzed water-soluble extracts of ragweed (dwsr) and alternaria tenuis (dwst) in several strains of rats appeared to be wholly an ige response. there was no evidence of a heat-stable (igga) antibody to oa, dwsr and dwst in the sera of the rats immunized with these antigens suspended in alum. wistar-furth and lew inbred and hooded outbred rats produced comparable amounts of reaginic antibody after immunization with dwst, ...	1979	87378
studies on alternaria allergens. i. isolation of allergens from alternaria tenuis and alternaria solani.	extracts of alternaria tenuis and alternaria solani were separated into dialyzable (molecular weight less than 10,000) and non-dialyzable forms. the latter was further fractionated by gel filtration through sephadex g-100 followed by ion-exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose. the dialyzable material was fractionated by gel filtration through sephadex g-50. the allergenic activities of the fractions obtained from the a. tenuis extract was measured in vitro by the radioallergosorbent test assa ...	1979	114493
[studies on habitat of fungi on glass fibre wallpaper (author's transl)].	the fungi strains alternaria tenuis c.g. ness and ulocladium alternariae (cke.) simmons could be isolated from black coloured glass fibre wallpaper. it was investigated that glass fibre wallpaper and covering pastes were not substrate medium but were settled by fungi when there were nutrition substances under or in the air volume of the wallpaper. both isolated fungi strains converted carboxymethyl-cellulose as alone c- and energy source. the fungicide smotilon am limited the spore germination g ...	1979	573036
air-borne fungi in the air of barcelona (spain). ii. the genus alternaria.	the genus alternaria nees formed one of the more important components of the fungus population of the air at barcelone (spain), during a two-year study, from february 1976 through january 1978. results were based only on studied of colonies obtained by gravity-exposed plates. the occurrence of this genus was greatly affected by climatic conditions. in general. however, alternaria appeared to prefer warmer weather. a total of six species of alternaria was identified, of which, alternaria alternat ...	1979	575195
the distribution of the nadph regenerating mannitol cycle among fungal species.	the mannitol cycle is an important nadph regenerating system in alternaria alternata. the cycle is built up to the following enzymes: mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, mannitol 1-phosphatase, mannitol dehydrogenase and hexokinase. the net reaction of one cycle turn is: nadh + nadp+ + atp leads to nad+ + nadph + adp + pi. the enzymes needed for an operating cycle were found in aspergillus, botrytis, penicillium, pyricularia, trichothecium, cladosporium and thermomyces all genera belonging to fu ...	1980	6782999
mutagens produced by alternaria alternata.	alternariol, alternariol methyl ether and tenuazonic acid, metabolites present in alternaria alternata cultures, were tested for mutagenicity with salmonella typhimurium strains ta98 and ta 100. alternariol methyl ether was weakly mutagenic to strain ta98 (without metabolic activation). chromatographic separations of a. alternata mycelium extract yielded several fractions mutagenic in the latter system, including the altertoxin i fraction and a purified yellow pigment c20h14o6, which was charact ...	1980	6991928
standardization of allergen extracts by inhibition of rast, skin test, and chemical composition.	five allergen extracts of dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, lolium perenne, alternaria tenuis, aspergillus fumigatus and cladosporium herbarum, obtained from four different manufacturers, were examined by inhibition of rast, content of protein and carbohydrate, contents of phosphorylcholine (pc) and tridacnin reactive components, and by skin test. inhibition of rast was used as a primary method for establishing allergenic potency and demonstrated wide variations for each preparation supplied by th ...	1980	7004662
the mini-rast: comparison with other varieties of the radioallergosorbent test for the measurement of immunoglobulin e antibodies.	in the performance of the rast a variety of different solid-phase supports for allergens are utilized. in this study we coupled allergens to microcrystalline cellulose and reduced the quantities of solid-phase allergen tenfold and of anti-ige fourfold. these reductions actually increased the sensitivity of the rast for ige antibodies to several allergens, including those derived from alternaria tenuis and rye grass pollen. we have termed this procedure the mini-rast to distinguish it from the pr ...	1980	7350202
[mould allergy (author's transl)].	290 asthmatic patients with positive skin tests for mould allergens were analyzed retrospectively. the relationship between skin test and inhalative provocation test was investigated with regard to single allergens and polyvalent mould sensitivity. with 4 commercially available moulds the relationship between skin test, provocation test and rast was investigated too. alternaria alternata occupies a special position. tests with alternaria alternata, aureobasidium pullulans, penicillium notatum, f ...	1980	7395259
liquid chromatographic determination of tenuazonic acids in tomato paste.	tenuazonic acid is a mycotoxin produced by alternaria alternata (a. tenuis) occurring in isolates from tomato. several liquid chromatographic (lc) systems were compared for suitability in analyzing tomato pastes for tenuazonic acid. tenuazonic acid was extracted from tomato paste with methanol and n-hexane and was partitioned into methylene chloride from the aqueous methanol following acidification. it was further partitioned into 5% nahco3, acidified, and reextracted with methylene chloride. lc ...	1980	7430046
studies on alternaria allergens. iii. isolation of a mafor allergenic fraction (alt-i).	the allergens present in crude alternaria alternata extract were fractionated by sequential ammonium sulfate precipitation, deae cellulose ion-exchange chromatography, preparative flat-bed electrofocusing, and sephadex g-100 gel filtration. the carbohydrate-rich fraction isolated (alt-i) was heterogeneous by polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis and by thin-layer electrofocusing. by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the alt-i fraction could be further separated into at least five ...	1980	7190582
effect of vitamins on growth and sporulation of alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler.	alternaria alternata, a leaf spot pathogen of beet (beta vulgaris), was found to be auxoautotrophic for thiamine. on the other hand, riboflavin, biotin, inositol, and pyridoxine were heterotrophically needed for its growth. vigorous sporulation was prominent in response to the additions of riboflavin, d-biotin, and inositol. a curiously depressent effect on both the growth and sporulation of the pathogen was noticed in presence of 1-ascorbic acid, folic acid, and nicotinic acid. these substances ...	1980	7191607
blue light inhibits mycotoxin production and increases total lipids and pigmentation in alternaria alternata.	[this corrects the article on p. 1075 in vol. 38.].	1980	16345571
isolation of spore specific allergens from alternaria.	extracts of alternaria alternata spores and mycelia were prepared. crossed immunoelectrophoresis showed the presence of at least 40 antigens in these extracts. analysis of seven commercial extracts by ciep and isoelectric focusing showed many fewer components and a high degree of variability. eight of the antigens in the spore extract demonstrable by ciep were not present in mycelia extracts. this spore-specific fraction was isolated by solid phase immunoadsorption and shown to be potent antigen ...	1981	7195676
[dermatomycoses of animals and man due to alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler].		1981	7195972
synthesis of a series of new n1-[4-(4-nitrophenylthio)phenyl]-n3-(h/alkyl/acyl/aryl) thioureas and their antifungal, insecticidal and larvicidal activities.	a series of new mono and disubstituted thioureas, derived from 4-(4-nitrophenylthio) aniline, have been prepared and screened for antifungal activity against alternaria alternata and curvularia lunata. their insecticidal and larvicidal activities have also been evaluated against adult male and female cockroaches (periplanata americana) and mosquito larvae (culex pipiens fatigans wied) of iiird and early ivth instar stage, respectively. the tabulated results reveal that most of the thiourea deriv ...	1981	7196731
the role of ige in childhood asthma.	the influence of age and sex has been in 208 asthmatic children on the basis of the following parameters: total serum ige concentration (rist), serum concentration of specific ige antibodies (rast), and positive prick tests against dermatophagoides pleronissynus, grasses, and alternaria tenuis. the results indicate that all these parameters are significantly influenced by age. arithmetic values for rist show a significant difference between the sexes which is obscured by logarithmic calculation. ...	1981	7203730
peritonitis caused by alternaria alternata.		1981	7278776
studies on alternaria allergens. ii. presence of two related antigens with contrasting allergenic properties in alternaria tenius extracts.	earlier, it was reported that most of the allergenic activity of alternaria tenuis seemed to reside in the last sephadex g-100 fraction (g3, molecular weight approximately 20,000). these conclusions were based on results obtained by the in vitro techniques of radioallergosorbent tests (rast) and rast inhibition. in the present studies, the allergenic activity of a. tenuis fractions was measured in vivo. it was found that fraction g3 was neither capable of inducing reaginic (ige) antibodies in ra ...	1981	6788713
[purification and properties of beta-galactosidase from alternaria tenius].	beta-galactosidase from alternaria tenius was purified to homogeneity from the cultural fluid using acetone precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, adsorption on hydroxylapatite and affinity chromatography on n-(beta-d-galactopyranosyl-thiocarbamoyl)-beta-aminocaproyl-an-sepharose 4b. the enzyme homogeneity was demonstrated by ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sds or without it. the specific activity of the homogeneous enzyme is 160 u. per mg o ...	1981	6794653
an approach to fungal antigen relationships by radioallergosorbent test inhibition.	antigenic relationships among three species of aspergillus (a. fumigatus, a. glaucus, and a. flavus) were examined by paired cross-radioallergosorbent test (rast) inhibition analysis, an in vitro technique based on human ige antibody specificity. alternaria tenuis was found to be antigenically unrelated to each of the three species of aspergillus and was used as a negative control. a single test serum yielded uninhibited rast indices of 6, 7.4, 8.1, and 7.8 for a. fumigatus, a. glaucus, a. flavu ...	1981	6161952
aflatoxin and aflatoxicosis. i. fungal flora of some food and animal feeds with special references to aflatoxin-producing abilities.	a wide range of fungi, amounting to fifty-six species belonging to twenty-two genera, have been recovered from animal feeds and foodstuffs. the most frequent fungi were aspergillus niger, and a. flavus, followed by mucor racemosus, alternaria alternata. rhizopus stolonifer, penicillium corylophilum and p. notatum. three genera were found to be of moderate occurrence, namely, mucor, rhizopus and alternaria. the three following genera were of low occurrence: cladosporium, fusarium, and neurospora. ...	1982	7070483
an animal model of late pulmonary responses to alternaria challenge.	the pathogenesis of the late asthmatic response to allergen inhalation is unknown; ige as well as ige- and igg-dependent mechanisms have been proposed. this study was undertaken to determine whether rabbits immunized to produce only ige to alternaria tenius would develop immediate and late phase pulmonary responses to alternaria aerosol challenge, and to compare this response in "ige only" rabbits with the response in rabbits producing multiple antibody isotypes to the allergen. neonatal rabbits ...	1982	6889825
studies on alternaria allergens. iii. effect of alternaria tenuis on the humoral response to three t cell-dependent antigens in rats.	the effects of an extract of the saprophytic mold, alternaria tenuis (at-ce) on the humoral response to a ragweed allergen extract (dwsr), ovalbumin and sheep red blood cells (srbc) was investigated in female wistar rats. animals pretreated with 100 micrograms or 2 mg at-ce showed enhancement (p less than 0.05) in the reaginic response (ige antibody) to dwsr at 25 and 18 days postimmunization. on the other hand, animals posttreated with at-ce showed substantial reduction in anti-dwsr ige antibod ...	1982	6980841
hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to alternaria tenuis.		1982	7201600
production of a thermostable beta-d-galactosidase by alternaria alternata grown in whey.	in the course of exploring new microbial sources of extracellular beta-d-galactosidase (ec. 3.2.1.23), alternaria alternata was found to excrete elevated quantities of a thermostable form of the enzyme when cultivated in whey growth medium. optimum cultural conditions for maximum enzyme production were a whey lactose concentration of 6%, supplementation of the medium with 0.050 m (nh(4))(2)so(4), an inoculum size of 10 conidia per ml, and a cultivation time at 28 to 30 degrees c of 5 days. the f ...	1982	16346127
alternariasis: ultrastructure of skin granuloma.	an ultrastructural investigation of dermal altenariasis has complemented previous studies. alternaria tenuis was seen to be profusely present within the cytoplasm of multinucleate giant cells. healthy elements were characterized by a thick, electron-lucent wall, ovoid osmiophilic inclusions and a poorly defined nucleus. homogenous liquefaction and granular degeneration represented various types and steps of degradation; the wall subsisted for a while before collapsing and breaking into pieces. p ...	1983	6853794
subcutaneous alternariosis.	alternaria species are common plant pathogens, but a rare cause of human infection. previously reported cases of cutaneous alternariosis (alternaria alternata) in both healthy and immunosuppressed hosts have been characterized by a chronic localized ulcerative eruption in exposed sites. dermal granulomatous infiltration and variable epidermal changes, with hyphae in both the dermis and epidermis, are characteristic. we present a case with certain unique features. this is the first reported human ...	1983	6863625
[fungal flora in a hospital environment].	the airborne fungal flora was studied in different departments of a hospital by using a slit sampler (casella, london) where the measured volume of air is impacted to the surface of culture medium contained in petri dishes. colonies were counted after 3 days incubation at 25 degrees c and 37 degrees c. many species of hyphomycetes were identified. the main fungi isolated were cladosporium sp (especially c. cladosporioides), penicillium sp., alternaria alternata, aspergillus sp. (a. flavus, a. ni ...	1983	6312583
[fungal flora in a hospital milieu].	the airborne fungal flora was studied in different departments of an hospital by using a slit sampler (casella, london) where the measured volume of air is impacted to the surface of culture medium contained in petri dishes. colonies were counted after 3 days incubation at 25 degrees c and 37 degrees c. many species of hyphomycetes were identified. the main fungi isolated were cladosporium sp (especially c. cladosporioides), penicillium sp., alternaria alternata, aspergillus sp. (a. flavus, a. n ...	1983	6343973
immunochemical partial identity between two independently identified and isolated major allergens from alternaria alternata (alt-i and ag 1).	partially purified preparations of alt-i, the main allergenic fraction of alternaria alternata isolated by yunginger, and of ag 1, shown in crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (crie) to be the dominating major allergen of a. alternata (løwenstein, nyholm), were compared by tandem crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie), rast inhibition, and the crie-related technique, single radial radioimmunodiffusion (srrid). the two allergen preparations showed reaction of identity in tandem-cie and indistinguisha ...	1983	6404974
studies on the antigenic composition of aqueous cotton dust extracts.	an immune response to cotton dust components has been proposed as a possible mechanism of byssinosis. to evaluate this possibility, specific precipitating antibodies against aqueous cotton dust extracts (acde) were raised in rabbits, and a reference pattern for crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie) was established using this extract. a significant portion of the immune response was directed against alternaria tenuis, aspergillus niger, and fusarium solani, all documented contaminants of cotton dus ...	1983	6642705
a case of alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler infection of the knee.		1983	6661827
[effect of phosphate on the biosynthesis of tentoxin by alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler].	alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler produces a phytotoxic substance tentoxin. the influence of inorganic phosphate on the formation of this secondary metabolite was analyzed. distinct phases of growth and metabolite formation can be defined. the first phase shows exponential growth, high qo2, protein and nucleic acid values and a rapid uptake of inorganic phosphate from the medium. the second phase shows linear growth and active tentoxin formation takes place. the highest yields of tentoxin are ...	1983	6686908
alternaria osteomyelitis. evidence of specific immunologic tolerance.	a 31-year-old man had a maxillary sinus infection and osteomyelitis. in vitro lymphocyte transformation studies indicated that he had a specific immune tolerance to alternaria organisms. the etiologic agent was recovered and was identified as alternaria alternata.	1983	6688515
resistant tobacco plants from protoplast-derived calluses selected for their resistance to pseudomonas and alternaria toxins.	protoplast-derived calluses of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum cv. 'samsun') were selected for their resistance to toxins from pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci, which causes wildfire disease, and from alternaria alternata pathotype tobacco, which causes brown spot. a number of plants were regenerated from each of the toxin-selected protoplast-derived calluses. a large percentage of the plants obtained from the second selection cycle calluses were resistant to infection by these pathogens. resistance t ...	1983	24263918
viable fungi in corn dust.	numbers of viable fungal propagules in corn dusts in southern georgia were estimated during various farm and grain elevator operations in 1979, 1980, and 1982. a six-stage andersen sampler for viable microbial particles was used to sample the dusts with various agar media. the most abundant fungi in corn dusts were species of yeasts: aspergillus, penicillium, cladosporium, alternaria. helminthosporium, and fusarium. however, the relative abundance of these fungi differed between years. there was ...	1984	6696425
composition of the fungal flora of four cereal grains in saudi arabia.	using the grain-plate method and on glucose- czapek 's agar at 28 degrees c, fifty-eight species belonging to 26 genera were collected from barley (42 species and 19 genera), maize (29 species and 16 genera), sorghum (32 species and 17 genera) and wheat grains (42 species and 18 genera). the most frequent genera were aspergillus, penicillium, rhizopus, fusarium, and mucor followed by alternaria, drechslera , and curvularia. from the preceding genera aspergillus flavus, a. niger, penicillium nota ...	1984	6727980
studies on alternaria allergens. iv. comparative biochemical and immunological studies of commercial alternaria tenuis batches.	the biochemical and immunological characteristics of a series of commercial samples of alternaria tenuis were examined, including samples from two different companies. there was a considerable variation in the biochemical parameters such as the gel filtration profile on sephadex g-100, isoelectric focussing pattern and immunodiffusion precipitin band pattern. the content and proportion of two high molecular weight polysaccharides, one a galactomannan and the other a glucan, also varied greatly. ...	1984	6427119
soft contact lens contamination by alternaria alternata.	two cases of contact lens contamination by the fungus, alternaria alternata, are described. in both patients, mild ocular irritation was the presenting symptom but neither suffered fungal infection of the eye. to our knowledge, a alternata has not previously been reported as a contaminant of contact lenses, although it is an ubiquitous saprophyte and has been reported as causing infections in humans. the close succession in which these two patients presented may indicate that such fungal contami ...	1984	6538642
effect of water activity and temperature on mycotoxin production by alternaria alternata in culture and on wheat grain.	both water activity (aw) and temperature affected the production of altenuene (ae), alternariol (aoh), and alternariol monomethyl ether (ame) by alternaria alternata on wheat extract agar and wheat grain. greatest production of all three mycotoxins occurred at 0.98 aw and 25 degrees c on both substrates. at 0.98 aw and 25 degrees c, a single colony of a. alternata grown on wheat extract agar produced 807 micrograms of aoh, 603 micrograms of ame, and 169 micrograms of ae ml in 30 days. however, p ...	1984	6540067
modulation of the late asthmatic response by antigen-specific immunoglobulin g in an animal model.	the late asthmatic response (lar) occurs 4 to 12 h after antigenic challenge and has been related to the severity of asthma. in addition, improvement of asthmatic symptoms after immunotherapy has also been related to loss of the lar. because the lar seems to be a critical component of asthma, we employed an animal model of the lar to study its immunopathogenesis, concentrating on the role of antigen-specific rabbit homocytotropic (ige) and heterocytotropic (igg) antibodies to alternaria tenuis. ...	1984	6210004
production and characterization of cellulase and beta-glucosidase from a mutant of alternaria alternata.	a mutant of alternaria alternata excreted enhanced levels of carboxymethylcellulase and particularly beta-glucosidase when grown in cellulose liquid media. both enzymes were purified two- to four-fold by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration, and the kinetic data showed k(m) values of 16.64 mg/ml of culture fluid for carboxymethylcellulase and 0.14 mm p-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucoside and 0.81 mm cellobiose for beta-glucosidase at ph 5. carboxymethylcellulase and extracellular beta-gluc ...	1984	16346494