Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [acute, generalized mycosis; sepsis caused by candida pseudotropicalis]. | 1955 | 14356139 | |
| [acute lung disease caused by candida pseudotropicalis]. | 1955 | 14392284 | |
| [meningoencephalitis caused by candida pseudotropicalis]. | 1956 | 13383550 | |
| nicotinic acid requirements of candida pseudotropicalis. | 1961 | 13893828 | |
| spectral and biological changes induced in nicotinic acid and related compounds by ultraviolet light. | 1. irradiation of nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, nicotinamide n-oxide, n'-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide and pyridine with ultraviolet light at 253.7mmu leads to striking spectral changes. 2. nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are broken down to photosensitive intermediates which in turn undergo photodecomposition. 3. a major photoproduct of [7-(14)c]nicotinic acid is radioactive and absorbs ultraviolet light, but is inactive as a growth factor for candida ... | 1965 | 4285897 |
| [structure of the hapten from candida pseudotropicalis]. | 1965 | 5873327 | |
| [formation of chlamydospores of one variant of candida pseudotropicalis]. | 1966 | 5956709 | |
| role of pectinolytic yeasts in the degradation of mucilage layer of coffea robusta cherries. | pectinolytic yeasts, saccharomyces marxianus, s. bayanus, s. cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus, and schizosaccharomyces sp., predominated in the natural fermentation of coffee cherries of coffea robusta variety grown in chikmagalur district of mysore state, india. these yeast species were found on the cherry surfaces, and evidence was adduced to show that the natural fermentation of coffee was the result of activity of microflora from the cherry surface itself rather than that of flora of air or wate ... | 1966 | 5959859 |
| kluyveromyces wikenii and kluyveromyces cicerisporus spp.n. | 1966 | 5297389 | |
| [candida pseudotropicalis as microorganism of enzootic mastitis]. | 1967 | 5626241 | |
| biosynthesis of vitamin b6 by a yeast mutant. | the gradient-plate technique was employed to isolate mutants of saccharomyces marxianus (nrrl-y-1550) which, when grown in a synthetic culture medium, excreted about 2 mug/ml of vitamin b(6) as ascertained by microbiological assay. the major component that possessed vitamin b(6) activity was isolated by ion-exchange column chromatography and identified as pyridoxol by ultraviolet and fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as by paper chromatography and various chemical tests. pyridoxal was also iden ... | 1968 | 5732502 |
| cystitis due to candida pseudotropicalis. a persistent case secondary to bladder calculus. | 1969 | 5349204 | |
| isolation of candida pseudotropicalis from cases of abortion among mares: a note. | material from 13 cases of abortion in 1 epidemic outbreak of abortion among mares was pooled into 3 lots and injected intraperitoneally into 3 separate sets of mice. the mice died within 5-7 days. tissues from each set of inoculated mice showed the presence of yeast-like bodies, and pooled material from each of the 3 lots also yielded the yeast in culture. histopathological examinations of the mare placenta and fetal organs also revealed the presence of the yeast. the organisms appeared roun ... | 1972 | 12333107 |
| [respiratory metabolism of kluyveromyces fragilis van der walt]. | 1973 | 4584300 | |
| absence of photoreactivating enzyme in candida albicans. candida stellatoidea, and candida tropicalis. | in vitro assays demonstrate photoreactivating enzyme activity in extracts of candida pseudotropicalis but not in extracts of candida albicans, candida stellatoidea, or candida tropicalis. | 1974 | 4604052 |
| ergosterol is the only sterol in kluyveromyces fragilis. | 1974 | 4549469 | |
| 2'-deoxyadenosine and a23187 as agents for inducing synchrony in the budding yeast, kluyveromyces fragilis. | the effects of induction synchrony by 2'-deoxyadenosine and the ionophore a23187 were compared with selection synchrony methods in kluyveromyces fragilis. 2'-deoxyadenosine synchronizes nuclear division and this is followed by synchronous cell division, but dna synthesis is not synchronized. the ionophore a23187 also induces synchronous nuclear division and synchronous cell division, but likewise does not synchronize dna synthesis. | 1975 | 1100777 |
| the effects of various growth temperatures on nuclear division, dna and rna in the budding yeast, kluyveromyces fragilis. | 1975 | 1176961 | |
| selection of strain, growth conditions, and extraction procedures for optimum production of lactase from kluyveromyces fragilis. | forty-one strains of kluyveromyces fragilis (jörgensen) van der walt 1909 varied 60-fold in ability to produce lactase (beta-galactosidase). the four best strains were ucd no. 55-31 (northern regional research center nrrl y-1196), ucd no. c21(-), ucd no. 72-297(-), and ucd no. 55-61 (nrrl y-1109). biosynthesis of lactase during the growth of k. fragilis strain ucd no. 55-61 was followed on both lactose and sweet whey media. maximum enzyme yield was obtained at the beginning of the stationary pha ... | 1975 | 1194465 |
| synergistic action of amphotericin b and rifampin against candida species. | amphotericin b and rifampin act synergistically against certain yeasts in vitro. whether this synergism is a general phenomenon or whether the effect has strict species and strain requirements was studied. included in a survey of the genus candida were eight human isolates of candida albicans and one strain each of candida krusei, candida tropicalis, candida pseudotropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida guilliermodnii, and candida stellatoidea. cultures in both control and drug-containing liqu ... | 1976 | 1245767 |
| microorganisms and characteristics of laban. | laban had a titratable acidity of about 1.0%, a ph of 4.25, an ethanol content of 1.25%, and contained 4.2 mug acetaldehyde and 34 mug acetoin/ml. there was no diacetyl. five microorganisms, classified as streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus acidophilus, leuconostoc lactis, kluyveromyces fragilis, and saccharomyces cerevisiae, were responsible for the fermentation. streptococcus thermophilus and l. acidophilus were responsible for acid production with s. thermophilus producing acid more rap ... | 1976 | 2630 |
| histone-like protein fractions of kluyveromyces fragilis and their relation to the cell cycle. | protein fractions were obtained from kluyveromyces fragilis by ph titration, a technique used for histone extraction, following the inclusion of a distilled water extraction stage, and the fractions partially characterized. the inclusion of a distilled water step resulted in a tenfold purification of the fraction obtained at ph 2.20 as compared with ph titration alone. in synchronous cultures induced with 2'-deoxyadenosine or prepared by selection this fraction displayed a stepwise accumulation, ... | 1976 | 9743 |
| defective lung macrophages in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. | lung macrophages obtained by segmental lavage from three patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis were studied in vitro. the macrophages exhibited morphologic abnormalities including excessive lipid accumulation and giant secondary lysosome formation. these cells survived poorly in tissue culture, showed impaired chemotactic activity, and had decreased adhesiveness to glass. they phagocytized normally but had substantially decreased capacity to kill ingested candida pseudotropicalis. evidenc ... | 1976 | 183578 |
| ultrastructural changes, caused by the new antibiotic mucidin in candida pseudotropicalis. | 1976 | 947119 | |
| a study on transformation in a mutant of candida pseudotropicalis. | this paper reports on the possible influence of various factors on the frequency of transformation in candida pseudtropicalis. the concentration of dna used varied between 25 mug and 100 mug/ml. the maximum percentage transformation 0-16% occured at 75 mug/ml. | 1976 | 959946 |
| accumulation of ergosterol during the cell cycle of the budding yeast kluyveromyces fragilis. | 1976 | 983132 | |
| [alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) in yeast cells. i. cytoplasmic, mitochondrial and nuclear adh in saccharomyces carlsbergensis and kluyveromyces fragilis]. | when grown in a medium containing lactat, saccharomyces carlsbergensis produces 5 times more ground-plasmatic adh than kluyveromyces fragilis. upon gelectrophoresis, k. fragilis exhibits 7 bands while s. carlsbergensis shows only one. in a polyacrylamid gradient, the adh's of both strains yield one band, the position of which corresponds to a molecular weight of about 160 000 d. in cell homogenates and mitochondrial fractions of s. carlsbergensis treated with ultrasound, an adh is detected which ... | 1976 | 983135 |
| two-step separation of human peripheral blood monocytes on discontinuous density gradients of colloidal silica-polyvinylpyrrolidinone. | normal human peripheral blood monocytes were purified by a two-step separation. the first step, the standard ficoll--hypaque (f--h) buoyant density centrifugation, yielded mainly mononuclear cells, of which 24 +/- 9% were monocytes. isopycnic centrifugation on discontinuous gradients of colloidal silica polyvinylpyrrolidinone (cs-pvp) further separated these mononuclear cells. the density interface between 1.070 and 1.060 g/ml yielded 82 +/- 7% monocytes, 5 +/- 4% granulocytes and 13 +/- 8% lymp ... | 1977 | 201698 |
| the immobilization of microbial cells, subcellular organelles, and enzymes in calcium alginate gels. | saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, kluyveromyces marxianus cells, inulase, glucose oxidase, chloroplasts, and mitochondria were immobilized in calcium alginate gels. ethanol production from glucose solutions by an immobilized preparation of s. cerevisiae was deomonstrated over a total of twenty-three days, and the half-life of such a preparation was shown to be about ten days. immobilized k. marxianus, inulase, and glucose oxidase preparations were used to demonstrate the porosity and retraining pr ... | 1977 | 321046 |
| environmentally-induced changes in the neutral lipids and intracellular vesicles of saccharomyces cerevisiae and kluyveromyces fragilis. | saccharomyces cerevisiae, grown aerobically or anaerobically under conditions which induce a requirement for a sterol and an unsaturated fatty acid, synthesized approximately the same amounts of neutral lipid and intracellular low-density vesicles, although the neutral lipids in aerobically-grown cells contained more esterified sterol and less triacylglycerol than those in anaerobically-grown cells. kluyveromyces fragilis synthesized much less neutral lipid and a smaller quantity of low-density ... | 1977 | 334099 |
| [the effect of dissolved oxygen tension on the energy metabolism of yeasts]. | the specific atp generation rate in yeasts was examined on the glycolytic pathway and on the respiratory chain as a function of the dissolved oxygen tension of the culture medium. two different strains were used: saccharomyces cerevisiae sensitive to the glucose effect and kluyveromyces fragilis insensitive to the catabolite respression when growing on lactose. the oxidative atp generation rate followed by these two strains a michaelis menten kinetics against the dissolved oxygen concentration. ... | 1977 | 146544 |
| studies on the growth of kluyveromyces fragilis in whey for the production of yeast protein. | 1978 | 583484 | |
| flow microcalorimetric investigation of yeast growth in a complex medium. | the growth of kluyveromyces fragilis in a complex medium under anaerobic and aerobic growth conditions has been conducted using a flow microcalorimeter. growth under defined conditions is characterized by an initial exponential rise in heat output rate to a maximum, followed by a decline to a baseline deflection. inadequate oxygenation can result in a more structured thermogram. the results are used to illustrate the deficiencies of some calorimetric incubations, and observations reported by oth ... | 1978 | 753949 |
| evaluation of industrial yeasts for pathogenicity. | eleven yeasts representative of species of industrial interest were compared with candida albicans for their potential pathogenicity for untreated and cortisone-treated mice. only c. tropicalis produced a progressive infection similar to that produced by c. albicans. candida lipolytica, torulopsis spp., and hansenula polymorpha were not recovered from mice 6 days after inoculation. kluyveromyces fragilis, c. pseudotropicalis, c. utilis, c. guilliermondii and c. maltosa were recovered from mice b ... | 1979 | 441902 |
| characterisation and metabolic studies of saccharomyces cerevisiae and kluyveromyces fragilis by flow microcalorimetry. | the use of microcalorimetry in the routine identification of microorganisms is critically discussed and assessed. by use of flow microcalorimetric studies on saccharomyces cerevisiae and kluyveromyces fragilis the role of physical parameters and that of oxygen tension are discussed. the conclusion reached is that identification of microorganisms by microcalorimetry and subsequent discussion of metabolic events revealed by the thermogram, except under restrictive conditions, is inappropriate. how ... | 1979 | 45217 |
| defective blood mononuclear phagocyte function in patients with leprosy. | patients with lepromatous leprosy possess a defective lymphocyte function in vivo and in vitro that is less evident in the tuberculoid form. data concerning their macrophage ability to digest mycobacterium leprae are controversial. the purpose of this study was to determine whether monocytes from patients with either tuberculoid or lepromatous leprosy were altered in their enzyme systems, that is myeloperoxidase-dependent and myeloperoxidase-independent systems. the ability of adherent blood mon ... | 1979 | 122627 |
| production of lactase by candida pseudotropicalis grown in whey. | lactase (beta-d-galactosidase) was produced by candida pseudotropicalis grown in deproteinized whey. maximum enzyme production in 2% whey was obtained by supplementation with 0.15% yeast extract, 0.1% (nh(4))(2)so(4), and 0.05% kh(2)po(4) (wt/vol). highest enzyme values (4.35 u/mg of cells and 68 u/ml) were obtained with 10 to 12% whey, while enzyme yield was maximal in 2% whey (0.87 u/mg of whey). optimal initial ph for cultivation was 3.5. the best conditions for extraction included 2% (wt/vol ... | 1979 | 16345400 |
| preparation and kinetic behavior of immobilized whole cell biocatalysts. | actinoplanes missouriensis (for glucose isomerase), kluyveromyces fragilis (for beta-galactosidase), and saccharomyces cerevisiae (for invertase) cells were successfully entrapped within cellulose and cellulose di- and triacetate beads employing several carried solvent systems. cellulose beads prepared using a melt of dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) and n-ethylpyridinium chloride (nepc), or cellulose diacetate using a mixture of acetone and dmso as solvent, were found to be promising as carriers for th ... | 1980 | 17941448 |
| [production, extraction and partial characterization of beta-d-galactosidase of kluyveromyces fragilis grown in milk whey]. | 1980 | 6894052 | |
| effect of ph on the growth of kluyveromyces fragilis on deproteinized whey. | 1980 | 6894053 | |
| kluyveromyces fragilis as an opportunistic fungal pathogen in man. | an immunosuppressed cardiac transplant patient with pulmonary infection due to the yeast kluyveromyces fragilis is described. isolation of this fungus from human sources is rarely reported, and previous reports of human infection are unavailable in the modern literature. the organism is poorly pathogenic even in immunocompromised hosts. in vitro susceptibility studies with several strains presented here indicate inhibition by 5-fluorocytosine and miconazole, and borderline susceptibility to amph ... | 1980 | 6988992 |
| the prevalence of yeasts in clinical specimens from cancer patients. | yeasts recovered from cancer patients during a 15-month period were speciated, and the prevalence of these isolates in various types of clinical specimens was determined. five species, including candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, and torulopsis glabrata, accounted for 97.1% of the isolates. eighteen different species were recovered. respiratory and urine specimens yielded 75% of the organisms. c. albicans, c. tropicalis, and c. parapsilosis were recovered ... | 1980 | 7369176 |
| ribosomal rna genes in kluyveromyces marxianus. | dna from the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus was studied for its heterogeneity and the multiplicity of rrna cistrons. these cistrons banded at a slightly different density from the bulk dna in preparative cscl or hg2+-cs2so4 equilibrium density gradients. the reassociation kinetics of the bulk dna showed that the repetitive fraction represented a small amount of the total cellular dna (10%) and that the single copy fraction had a complexity of 6.3 x 10(9) daltons. approximately 2.2% of the dna hyb ... | 1980 | 7420052 |
| rate of arabinitol production by pathogenic yeast species. | d-arabinitol is a five-carbon polyol that is produced by many fungi. detection of the metabolite has been reported in serum from patients with invasive candidiasis. we studied the production and assimilation of arabinitol by 46 clinical isolates of yeast species. cultures of isolates of candida albicans (9 strains), candida tropicalis (12 strains), candida parapsilosis (13 strains), candida krusei (4 strains), candida pseudotropicalis (3 strains), torulopsis glabrata (3 strains), and cryptococcu ... | 1981 | 7024306 |
| selection of yeast strains for ethanol production from inulin. | of the many yeast species capable of fermenting inulin, some can produce sufficient amounts of ethanol from the substrate, in particular kluyveromyces fragilis and torulopsis colliculosa. the results indicate the feasibility of producing ethanol from inulin-rich plants, such as jerusalem artichoke. | 1981 | 7262714 |
| catabolite repression-inactivation of malate dehydrogenase in candida kefyr. | 1981 | 7309169 | |
| sensitive bioassay for ketoconazole in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. | ketoconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent which appears promising for treatment of a variety of systemic mycoses. pharmacokinetic studies are limited due to a lack of readily available methods for quantitation of ketoconazole in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. we developed a rapid, simple bioassay for measurement of ketoconazole alone or in the presence of therapeutic levels of amphotericin b, using an agar diffusion assay incorporating candida pseudotropicalis. pairs of 8-mm wells cut in ... | 1981 | 6269483 |
| [phagocytosis and lysis of candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis by polymorphonuclear neutrophils of hansen's disease patients]. | the phagocytosis and lysis of candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis by human neutrophils were examined in 43 hanseniasis patients (19 quiescent virchowians, 12 reactional virchowians and 12 tuberculoid patients) and 15 healthy subjects. the purpose of this study was to determine whether neutrophils from hanseniasis patients were altered in their enzyme systems myeloperoxidase-dependent (tested by lysin of candida albicans) and myeloperoxidase-independent (tested by lysin of candida pseud ... | 1981 | 6759396 |
| impaired monocyte function in liver cirrhosis. | monocyte function in patients with cirrhosis of the liver was measured by phagocytosis and killing of candida pseudotropicalis and c albicans. both variables were significantly decreased in the patients compared with controls. control monocytes exposed for two hours to patients' serum showed a significant decrease in intracellular killing compared with control monocytes incubated in autologous serum. this suggests the presence of an inhibiting factor in the patients' serum. this inhibitory facto ... | 1981 | 6784806 |
| production of beta-galactosidase from kluyveromyces fragilis grown on whey. | optimum conditions for beta-galactosidase production by k. fragilis were studied. enzyme production has a maximum after 8-12 h of incubation. composition of whey (from different sources) did not affect enzyme production. different heart treatments also had no effect. whey reconstituted to 8-12% total solids and adjusted to ph 4.0 afforded maximum enzyme production. whereas inorganic nitrogen sources (specially ammonium salts) only slightly stimulated enzyme production, organic nitrogen sources ( ... | 1981 | 6797906 |
| occurrence and growth of yeasts in yogurts. | yogurts purchased from retail outlets were examined for the presence of yeasts by being plated onto oxytetracycline malt extract agar. of the 128 samples examined, 45% exhibited yeast counts above 10 cells per g. a total of 73 yeast strains were isolated and identified as belonging to the genera torulopsis, kluyveromyces, saccharomyces, candida, rhodotorula, pichia, debaryomyces, and sporobolomyces. torulopsis candida and kluyveromyces fragilis were the most frequently isolated species, followed ... | 1981 | 16345853 |
| the use of mitochondrial mutants in hybridization of industrial yeasts : iii. restoration of mitochondrial funktion in petites of industrial yeast strains by fusion with respiratory-competent protoplasts of other yeast species. | protoplasts of petites of strains 625-c(i) of saccharomyces diastaticus and ncyc 1085 of saccharomyces cerevisiae, originally obtained from the national collection of yeast cultures, england, were fused with protoplasts of candida pseudotropicalis, saccharomyces rosei, yaccharbmycesmontanus, pichiamembranefaciens, hansenula anomala, hansenula capsulata, and schizosac-charomyces pombe. the respiratory-competent products of the fusions were selected on the basis of using at least one of the carbon ... | 1981 | 24185989 |
| direct fermentation of d-xylose to ethanol by kluyveromyces marxianus strains. | eight strains of kluyveromyces marxianus were screened, and all of them were found to ferment the aldopentose d-xylose directly to ethanol under aerobic conditions. one of these strains, k. marxianus sub-80-s, was grown in a medium containing 20 g of d-xylose per liter, and the following results were obtained: maximum ethanol concentration, 5.6 g/liter; ethanol yield, 0.28 g of ethanol per g of d-xylose (55% of theoretical); maximum specific growth rate, 0.12 h; 100% d-xylose utilization was com ... | 1982 | 16346128 |
| ethanol inhibition kinetics of kluyveromyces marxianus grown on jerusalem artichoke juice. | the kinetics of ethanol inhibition on cell growth and ethanol production by kluyveromyces marxianus ucd (fst) 55-82 were studied during batch growth. the liquid medium contained 10% (wt/vol) inulin-type sugars derived from an extract of jerusalem artichoke (helianthus tuberosus) tubers, supplemented with small amounts of tween 80, oleic acid, and corn steep liquor. initial ethanol concentrations ranging from 0 to 80 g/liter in the liquid medium were used to study the inhibitory effect of ethanol ... | 1982 | 16346150 |
| ethanol production from jerusalem artichoke tubers (helianthus tuberosus) using kluyveromyces marxianus and saccharomyces rosei. | this article examines the potential of jerusalem artichoke as a source for ethanol and single-cell protein scp. in addition, experimental results are presented on batch fermentation kinetics employing two strains of kluyveromyces marxianus and one strain of saccharomyces rosei grown on the extract derived from the tubers of jerusalem artichoke. of the three cultures examined, kluyveromyces marxianus ucd (fst) 55-82 was found to be the best producer of ethanol grown in a simple medium at 35 degre ... | 1982 | 18546381 |
| continuous ethanol production from jerusalem artichoke tubers. i. use of free cells of kluyveromyces marxianus. | the continuous fermentation of jerusalem artichoke juice to ethanol by free cells of kluyveromyces marxianus ucd (fst) 55-82 has been studied in a continuous-stirred-tank bioreactor at 35 degrees c and ph 4.6. a maximum yield of 90% of the theoretical was obtained at a dilution rate of 0.05 h(-1). about 95% of the sugars were utilized at dilution rates lower than 0.15 h(-1). volumetric ethanol productivity and volumetric biomass productivity reached maximum values of 7 g etoh/l/h and 0.6 g dry w ... | 1982 | 18546449 |
| continuous ethanol production from jerusalem artichoke tubers. ii. use of immobilized cells of kluyveromyces marxianus. | kluyveromyces marxianus ucd (fst) 55-82 cells were immobilized in na alginate beads and used in a packed-bed bioreactor system for the continuous production of ethanol from the extract of jerusalem artichoke tubers. volumetric ethanol productivities of 104 and 80 g ethanol/ l/h were obtained at 80 and 92% sugar utilization, respectively. the maximum volumetric ethanol productivity of the immobilized cell bioreactor system was found to be 15 times higher than that of an ordinary-stirred-tank (cst ... | 1982 | 18546450 |
| regulation of beta-d-galactosidase synthesis in candida pseudotropicalis. | regulation of lactose (beta-d-galactosidase) synthesis in the lactose-utilizing yeast candida pseudotropicalis was studied. the enzyme was inducible by lactose and galactose. when grown on these sugars the enzyme level of the yeast was 20 times or higher than when grown on glycerol. the km and optimal ph were similar for the lactase induced either by lactose or galactose. the hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside by the lactase was inhibited by galactose and several analogs and ga ... | 1982 | 6800304 |
| alveolar macrophage dysfunction in human bone marrow transplant recipients. | we studied the functional characteristics of alveolar macrophages obtained by segmental pulmonary lavage from allogeneic marrow transplant recipients without evidence of ongoing pulmonary infection. the macrophages were mostly of donor marrow origin as judged by y body fluorescence and were morphologically normal, except for the intracellular accumulation of various amounts of heterogeneous foreign materials. macrophage function of patients studied within four months after transplantation was im ... | 1982 | 6756138 |
| amphotericin b tolerance: a characteristic of candida parapsilosis not shared by other candida species. | thirty yeast isolates from clinical specimens were tested for their susceptibility to amphotericin b at 30 c, 37 c, and 39 c. of the six candida albicans, five candida tropicalis, one candida guilliermondii, one candida krusei, one candida pseudotropicalis, two torulopsis glabrata, and four cryptococcus neoformans isolates tested, all were inhibited at amphotericin b concentrations of less than or equal to 0.4 micrograms/ml and killed by concentrations of amphotericin b that were less than or eq ... | 1983 | 6822746 |
| purification and properties of the beta-fructofuranosidase from kluyveromyces fragilis. | the beta-fructofuranosidase from kluyveromyces fragilis was purified to one band on electrophoresis by 3 different methods. two of the preparations were found to be impure by isoelectric focusing. this demonstrates the need for more than one criteria of homogeneity when purifying this enzyme. the enzyme was found to be a glycoprotein, stable at 50 degrees c, with a ph optimum of 4.5. the cations hg2+, ag+, cu2+ and cd2+ exhibited a marked inhibition of the enzyme. competitive inhibition was obse ... | 1983 | 6884506 |
| adherence and penetration of vascular endothelium by candida yeasts. | metastatic infection after hematogenous dissemination of candida species is presumably dependent on the fungus traversing the vascular endothelium. an in vitro model of the earliest events of metastatic candida infection was developed with whole vascular strips. freshly obtained porcine blood vessels were secured in a perforated lucite template that allowed the application of yeasts directly to the endothelial surface. multiple wells allowed experimental and control observations on the same vasc ... | 1983 | 6352500 |
| fuel ethanol and high protein feed from corn and corn-whey mixtures in a farm-scale plant. | distiller's wet grain (dwg) and 95% ethanol were produced from corn in a farm-scale process involving batch cooking-fermentation and continuous distillation-centrifugation. the energy balance was 2.26 and the cost was $1.86/gal (1981 cost). to improve the energy balance and reduce costs, various modifications were made in the plant. the first change, back-end (after liquefaction) serial recycling of stillage supernatant at 20 and 40% strengths, produced beers with 0.2 and 0.4% (v/v) more ethanol ... | 1983 | 18574812 |
| the ejector-loop fermenter: description and performance of the apparatus. | a novel fermentation unit, the ejector-loop fermenter (elf), consisting of an outer-loop tower fermenter, a centrifugal pump, a plate-heat exchanger, and a gas-liquid ejector, was designed and constructed. aeration was achieved by continuously recirculating the fermentation medium through two different nozzle devices instead of using the traditional expensive air compressor. by carrying out a whey fermentation with kluyveromyces fragilis as the test organism, either in the elf or in conventional ... | 1983 | 18548625 |
| conversion of cheese whey to single-cell protein. | thirteen yeast species belonging to nine genera were screened for the production of single-cell protein (scp) using cheese whey as the substrate. cheese whey supplemented with minerals and yeast extract proved to the best medium for yield, lactose utilization, biomass production, and conversion efficiency. production of beta-galactosidase was studied in brettanomyces anomalus, kluyveromyces fragilis, trichosporon cutaneum, and wingea robertsii; the last proved to be the best strain combining hig ... | 1983 | 18548695 |
| production of biomass and beta-d-galactosidase by candida pseudotropicalis grown in continuous culture on whey. | the production of biomass and beta-d-galactosidase by the lactose-utilizing yeast candida pseudotropicalis ncyc 744 in whey medium was studied. apparent optimization of growth conditions and medium was done in continuous culture. optimal ph and temperature were 2.6 and 36-38 degrees c, respectively, limitations in cu, zn, and possibly mn were detected in deproteinized whey medium. additions of tryptophan stimulated growth of the yeast. under optimal conditions in medium supplemented with excess ... | 1983 | 18548764 |
| temperature profiles of ethanol tolerance: effects of ethanol on the minimum and the maximum temperatures for growth of the yeasts saccharomyces cerevisiae and kluyveromyces fragilis. | 1983 | 18551450 | |
| ethanol production from fodder beets. | various yeasts such as two strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae, saccharomyces diastaticus, and kluyveromyces marxianus were investigated for their ability to ferment fodder beet juice to alcohol. juice extracted from fodder beet roots without any additives was used as a fermentation substrate. the fermentation kinetic parameters were determined and compared for each species of yeast tested. the best species for fodder beet juice fermentation was chosen and products obtained by fermentation of on ... | 1983 | 18551478 |
| lipid-enhanced ethanol production by kluyveromyces fragilis. | the fermentation ability of a strain of kluyveromyces fragilis, already selected for rapid lactose-fermenting capability, was improved dramatically by the addition of unsaturated fatty acids and ergosterol to the medium. the fermentation time of a 20% whey-lactose medium was decreased from over 90 h to less than 60 h. the lipids were shown to be taken up by the organism, and the effects on specific growth rate and biomass production were determined. | 1983 | 16346208 |
| effect of sugar concentration in jerusalem artichoke extract on kluyveromyces marxianus growth and ethanol production. | the effect of inulin sugars concentration on the growth and ethanol production by kluyveromyces marxianus ucd (fst) 55-82 was studied. a maximum ethanol concentration of 102 g/liter was obtained from 250 g of sugars per liter initial concentration. the maximum specific growth rate varied from 0.44 h at 50 g of sugar per liter to 0.13 h at 300 g of sugar per liter, whereas the ethanol yield remained almost constant at 0.45 g of ethanol per g of sugars utilized. | 1983 | 16346222 |
| ethanol from whey: continuous fermentation with cell recycle. | the production of ethanol from cheese whey lactose has been demonstrated using a single-stage continuous culture fermentation with 100% cell recycle. in a two-step process, an aerobic fed batch operation was used initially to allow biomass buildup in the absence of inhibitory ethanol concentrations. in the anaerobic ethanol-producing second step, a strain of kluyveromyces fragilis selected on the basis of batch fermentation data had a maximum productivity of 7.1 g ethanol/l/h at a dilution rate ... | 1984 | 18551577 |
| enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin to fructose by glutaraldehyde fixed yeast cells. | inulin, a polyfruction, is found as the reserve carbohydrate in the roots and tubers of various plants (i.e. jerusalem artichoke, chicory, and dahlia tubers). the beta-fructofuranosidase (inulase) from the yeast kluyveromyces fragilis is of interest because of its industrial potential in fructose syrup and alcohol production from inulin containing plants. we have found that the inulase of k. fragilis can be immobilized in the yeast cells by glutaraldehyde treatment. these cells are resistant to ... | 1984 | 18553476 |
| survey of sensitivity of twelve yeast genera toward t-2 toxin. | a survey was made to detect the sensitivity of 12 yeast genera to t-2 toxin. seventy-five yeasts isolated from various sources were tested for their susceptibility to t-2 toxin. the mic of t-2 for these yeasts varied from 1.0 to greater than 8.0 micrograms/ml. of the yeasts studied, kluyveromyces fragilis showed the greatest sensitivity, which ranged between 0.5 and 2.5 micrograms of t-2 toxin per ml of culture medium. the roles of incubation temperature, size of the inoculum, and incubation tim ... | 1984 | 6385850 |
| in vitro effect of mycobacterium leprae suspensions on the polymorphonuclear neutrophils function of hanseniasis patients to candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis. | the in vitro effect of mycobacterium leprae suspensions on the pmn ability to phagocytizing and killing candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis was studied in forty-five patients of hansen's disease and in fifteen healthy controls. our results show no significative differences between the different studied groups, both for the phagocytosis and for the lysis of yeasts. there was no significant changes in the mean values of these functions after previous or simultaneously incubation with myc ... | 1984 | 6400664 |
| the cell wall-associated inulinase of kluyveromyces fragilis. | the yeast kluyveromyces fragilis (atcc 12424) was grown on a 2% inulin-1% yeast extract medium for 36 h and subsequently fixed with 0.5% glutaraldehyde. the glutaraldehyde treatment did not affect the beta-fructofuranosidase (inulinase, ec 3.2.1.7) activity of the cells but it did make the cells resistant to chemical and physical treatments that normally release beta-fructofuranosidase from untreated cells. the enzyme in the treated cells exhibited km values for sucrose and raffinose identical t ... | 1984 | 6441514 |
| development of hodgkin's disease in the course of liver cirrhosis and impaired monocyte function. | the monocyte function, as measured by phagocytosis and killing of candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis by peripheral blood monocytes, was found impaired in a patient with cirrhosis of the liver on two separate determinations before the occurrence of bleeding from oesophageal varices. unexpectedly, hodgkin's disease was diagnosed in enlarged abdominal lymph nodes found on the occasion of an emergency portocaval shunt operation. | 1984 | 6463000 |
| candida pseudotropicalis fungemia and invasive disease in an immunocompromised patient. | a case of candida pseudotropicalis fungemia and invasive disease in an immunocompromised patient is reported. multiple blood cultures taken over a 2-week period were positive, and histopathological slides of postmortem spleen and kidney tissue showed tissue invasion by the organism. the source of the yeast infection was determined to be the urinary tract. this is the first report of c. pseudotropicalis fungemia documented by culture. | 1984 | 6511866 |
| purification and phosphorylation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from kluyveromyces fragilis. | fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from the yeast kluyveromyces fragilis was found to have an apparent mr = 155,000 and to be composed of four mr = 35,000 subunits. the extent and rate of phosphorylation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (fru-1,6-p2) by yeast camp-dependent protein kinase were dependent on fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase inhibitors, 5'-amp and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (fru-2,6-p2). in the absence of inhibitor, the enzyme was slowly phosphorylated with a maximum incorporation of 1 mol of phos ... | 1984 | 6086609 |
| cloning and expression of the structural gene for beta-glucosidase of kluyveromyces fragilis in escherichia coli and saccharomyces cerevisiae. | cellobiose, the last product in cellulose degradation, is converted into two molecules of glucose by a beta-glucosidase. s. cerevisiae does posses the structural gene for a beta-glucosidase, but it is very poorly expressed; we thus decided to isolate and characterize that of kluyveromyces fragilis. we constructed in e. coli hb101 strain a genomic library of the kluyveromyces fragilis y610 strain (atcc 12424), a yeast able to grow on cellobiose and which constitutively produces the beta-glucosida ... | 1984 | 6092839 |
| catabolite repression in yeasts is not associated with low levels of camp. | relationship between levels of camp and catabolite repression in yeasts has been investigated. strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae, schizosaccharomyces pombe and kluyveromyces fragilis were used. the yeasts were grown on different carbon sources to attain various degrees of repression. galactose repressed as much as glucose, while maltose was less effective. full derepression was achieved with ethanol. the enzymes tested were fructose-bisphosphatase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase ... | 1984 | 6327308 |
| transformation of kluyveromyces fragilis. | for the transformation of the yeast species kluyveromyces fragilis, we have constructed a vector containing a bacterial kanamycin resistance (kmr) gene, the trp1 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae, and an autonomously replicating sequence of kluyveromyces lactis called kars2 . by utilizing the method based on treatment by alkali cations and with the kmr gene as the selective marker, a wild-type strain of k. fragilis was transformed to resistance against the antibiotic g418 . in the transformed cel ... | 1984 | 6327630 |
| evaluation of the new mycotube test-kit for yeast identification. | the performance of a modified mycotube test for the identification of yeasts was evaluated using standard biochemical tests as reference. one hundred and eighty strains belonging to 12 medically important species (15 strains each) were tested. the overall rate of identification was 72%, and rose to 87.8% when macroscopic and microscopic morphologic features were also considered; a 100% rate was obtained with candida albicans, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida pseudotropicalis, candid ... | 1985 | 3886377 |
| [various characteristics of growth kinetics and exohydrolase synthesis in aspergillus foetidus and zygofabospora marxiana]. | the kinetics of growth and synthesis of exohydrolases (polygalacturonases and proteinases) were studied in aspergillus foetidus and zygofabospora marxiana. the processes of growth and synthesis of polygalacturonases were found to be shifted in time. endopolymethylgalacturonase of the micromycete and endopolygalacturonase of the yeast are not accumulated in the cells, but are mainly secreted into the growth medium. the maximal value of polygalacturonase bound to the cell coincides with the maxima ... | 1985 | 3892247 |
| effect of mycolase and amphotericin b on candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis in vitro and in vivo. | a mixture of enzymes (mycolase) capable of lysing yeast cell walls was prepared from culture filtrates of physarum polycephalum. the enzymes present in mycolase included chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanases and exo-glycosidases. the ph optima of these enzymes were in the range 3.5-5.0 and they had low activities at ph 7.0. mycolase produced spheroplasts from candida pseudotropicalis and, unlike commercial enzyme preparations such as l1, chitinase, beta, 1,3-glucanase and beta-glucosidase, had some can ... | 1985 | 3895468 |
| normalization of monocyte candidacidal deficiency by cyclooxygenase inhibitors in hodgkin's disease. | in a previous work, the authors found that the peripheral blood monocytes from patients with hodgkin's disease (hd) had depressed lytic capability to kill candida pseudotropicalis and depressed phagocytic function. the aim of this study was to evaluate if cyclooxygenase inhibitors could correct the defective macrophage functions. fifteen untreated patients with hd and 10 normal subjects were studied. the incubation of the cells from the patients with hd with indomethacin (im) at 1, 3, and 10 mic ... | 1985 | 3922613 |
| growth of bacteria on chitin, fungal cell walls and fungal biomass, and the effect of extracellular enzymes produced by these cultures on the antifungal activity of amphotericin b. | vibrio alginolyticus, streptomyces griseus, arthrobacter g12, bacillus sp. and cytophaga sp. were grown on solid and liquid media containing soluble and insoluble carbon sources. arthrobacter g12, bacillus sp. and cytophaga sp. grew well on media which contained fungal cell walls or fungal biomass as the main carbon source. all bacteria produced extracellular proteases and all bacteria except arthrobacter g12 produced extracellular chitinases. growth of cytophaga sp. on colloidal chitin was para ... | 1985 | 3929028 |
| simplified bioassay method for measurement of flucytosine or ketoconazole. | a simple agar-well diffusion bioassay suitable for measurement of flucytosine or ketoconazole was developed by using candida pseudotropicalis atcc 46764 as the assay organism. a test medium composed of (per liter) 7 g of trypticase peptone, 7 g of ynb (yeast-nitrogen base), 15 g of glucose, and 15 g of agar was seeded with an inoculum which had been grown to no. 2 mcfarland turbidity after 4 to 6 h in ynb-glucose broth. determinations of flucytosine or ketoconazole were performed without necessi ... | 1985 | 4031030 |
| transfer of dna killer plasmids from kluyveromyces lactis to kluyveromyces fragilis and candida pseudotropicalis. | killer plasmids pgkl1 and pgkl2 of double-stranded linear dnas were transferred from kluyveromyces lactis to strains of kluyveromyces fragilis and candida pseudotropicalis. the resultant killer strains produced 17-fold and 6-fold larger amounts of killer toxin than k. lactis did, respectively. the killer toxin produced by each species appeared to be a glycoprotein. | 1985 | 4066615 |
| [alcoholic fermentation of inulin by various strains of yeasts]. | strains of fourteen species of yeasts able to ferment inulin without previous chemical or physical hydrolysis were studied on semi-synthetic medium by evaluation of co2 production under anaerobic conditions. among them, kluyveromyces cicerisporus, candida macedoniensis and candida utilis showed the best kinetic characteristics of fermentation. experiments were carried out to specify the action of different parameters such as temperature, ph and exogenous ethanol concentration. the results obtain ... | 1985 | 4083830 |
| arrangement of genes trp1 and trp3 of saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. | the tryptophan biosynthetic genes trp1 and trp3 and partly also trp2 and trp4 have been compared by the technique of southern hybridization and enzyme measurements in twelve wild isolates of saccharomyces cerevisiae from natural sources of different continents, in the commonly used laboratory strain s. cerevisiae x2180-1a and in a kluyveromyces marxianus strain. we could classify these strains into four groups, which did not correlate with their geographical distribution. in no case are the trp3 ... | 1985 | 2998296 |
| optimizing alcohol production from whey using computer technology. | this study was undertaken with the major goal of optimizing the ethanol production from whey using computer technology. to reach this goal, a mathematical model that would describe the fermentation and that could be used for the optimization was developed. kluyveromyces fragilis was the microorganism used to ferment the lactose in the whey into ethanol. preliminary studies showed that k. fragilis produced about 90% of the theoretical ethanol yield when grown in whey-complemented media. however, ... | 1985 | 18553706 |
| comparison between immobilized kluyveromyces fragilis and saccharomyces cerevisiae coimmobilized with beta-galactosidase, with respect to continuous ethanol production from concentrated whey permeate. | kluyveromyces fragilis immobilized in calcium alginate gel was compared to saccharomyces cerevisiae coimmobilized with beta-galactosidase, for continuous ethanol production from whey permeate in packed-bed-type columns. four different whey concentrations were studied, equivalent to 4.5, 10, 15, and 20% lactose, respectively. in all cases the coimmobilized preparation produced more ethanol than k. fragilis. the study went on for more than 5 weeks. k. fragilis showed a decline in activity after 20 ... | 1985 | 18553758 |
| studies on the flocculation characteristics of kluyveromyces marxianus. | 1986 | 18555325 | |
| construction of lactose-assimilating and high-ethanol-producing yeasts by protoplast fusion. | the availability of a yeast strain which is capable of fermenting lactose and at the same time is tolerant to high concentrations of ethanol would be useful for the production of ethanol from lactose. kluyveromyces fragilis is capable of fermenting lactose, but it is not as tolerant as saccharomyces cerevisiae to high concentrations of ethanol. in this study, we have used the protoplast fusion technique to construct hybrids between auxotrophic strains of s. cerevisiae having high ethanol toleran ... | 1986 | 16346992 |
| high-efficiency carbohydrate fermentation to ethanol at temperatures above 40 degrees c by kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus isolated from sugar mills. | a number of yeast strains, isolated from sugar cane mills and identified as strains of kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus, were examined for their ability to ferment glucose and cane syrup to ethanol at high temperatures. several strains were capable of rapid fermentation at temperatures up to 47 degrees c. at 43 degrees c, >6% (wt/vol) ethanol was produced after 12 to 14 h of fermentation, concurrent with retention of high cell viability (>80%). although the type strain (cbs 712) of k. marx ... | 1986 | 16347089 |
| early defect of phagocytic cell function in subjects at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | we studied the functions of peripheral blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear cells in 15 apparently healthy homosexual men, eight homosexual or bisexual subjects with unexplained generalized lymphadenopathies (pre-aids), four homosexual men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), and 15 heterosexual men. in comparison with normal controls, the homosexual groups studied presented a decreased monocyte candidacidal activity for candida pseudotropicalis that gradually deteriorates as the cli ... | 1986 | 3018916 |
| mitochondrial introns as mobile genetic elements: the role of intron-encoded proteins. | introns of organelle genes share distinctive rna secondary structures that allow their classification into two known families. these structures are believed to play an essential role in splicing, and members of both structural classes have recently been shown to perform self-splicing reactions in vitro. in lower eukaryotes, many structured introns also contain long internal open reading frames (orfs), which are able to code for hydrophilic proteins. several properties of self-splicing structured ... | 1986 | 3032144 |
| biosynthesis regulation of the beta-glucosidase produced by a yeast strain transformed by genetic engineering. | the biosynthesis of the beta-glucosidase enzyme was studied in a transformed yeast obtained by cloning in saccharomyces cerevisiae the structural gene coding for beta-glucosidase in kluyveromyces fragilis. the enzyme biosynthesis was found to be non-adaptative, and repressed by glucose. these features are similar to those observed in k. fragilis. beta-glucosidase activity in the transformed yeast was much higher than in k. fragilis. we attempted to ferment cellobiose with the transformed yeast: ... | 1986 | 3099720 |
| immunological homologies between ribosomal proteins amongst lower eukaryotes. | polyclonal antibodies were raised against the purified ribosomal proteins l1 and l2, the 5s rrna binding protein l3, all from saccharomyces cerevisiae, and against l1 and l2 from schizosaccharomyces pombe (numbering according to otaka and osawa 1981; otaka et al. 1983, respectively). for clarity prefixes sc and sp have been added to the numbering of proteins derived from s. cerevisiae and s. pombe, respectively. ribosomal proteins from these yeasts and from kluyveromyces marxianus, rhodotorula g ... | 1986 | 3327609 |
| [antibacterial and antifungal compounds. viii. synthesis and antifungal activity of pyrrol derivatives similar to trichostatin a]. | some p-methylbenzolpyrrole acrylic acids and related compounds were synthesized. the new pyrrole derivatives have structural features in common with trichostatin a, an antifungal antibiotic. the above acids and derivatives were tested against candida albicans and candida sp in comparison with miconazole, pyrrolnitrin and amphotericin b and showed very weak antifungal activities. occasionally some activity was found against a few strains of candida albicans and against candida pseudotropicalis. | 1987 | 3329612 |