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serum levels of organochlorine pesticides in blood donors: a biomonitoring survey in the north of brazil, 2010-2011.data on exposure to organochlorine (oc) pesticides in the brazilian population are lacking. the purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of serum levels of oc pesticides in brazilian blood donors and to determine factors potentially influencing exposure levels. to conduct this biomonitoring survey, blood samples were collected from blood donors attending the hematherapic unit in rio branco, north of brazil, in 2010-2011. a total of 1183 (99%) subjects answered to a questionnaire ...028456124
the chemistry of diet: medicine, nutrition, and staple foods in imperial brazil.brazilian cuisine is much admired by present-day international chefs. however, in the nineteenth century, local ingredients and recipes were looked down upon by the portuguese colonists, as well as by visiting european naturalists. this fact, together with medical and chemical views formulated throughout the 1800s, led locally trained doctors to attribute the occurrence of countless diseases that devastated rio de janeiro to local staple foods, particularly corn and manioc flour. in the first pa ...026924333
acrylamide levels in selected colombian foods.acrylamide (aa) levels in conventional (n = 112) and traditional (n = 43) colombian foods were analysed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (gc/ms) detection. samples included: infant powdered formula, coffee and chocolate powders, corn snacks, bakery products and tuber-, meat- and vegetable-based foods. there was a wide variability in aa levels among different foods and within different brands of the same food, especially for coffee powder, breakfast cereals biscuits and french fries s ...025494681
studies on the paratyphoid - enteritidis group : vii. enteric infection ("food poisoning") due to tapioca pudding contaminated with b. cholerae suis (b. suipestifer). 192219972563
investigations on the nutritive value of tapioca (manihot utilissima). 194521017317
the supplementary effect of pulses and rice on tapioca diet. 195114937748
[manioc complex as evidence of amerind influence in brazilian nutrition]. 195114850025
hydrocyanic acid poisoning in nutrias caused by cassava (manihot utilissima pohl). 195114848588
tolerance, toxicity, and caloric availability of intravenously injected tapioca dextrin solution in rabbits. 195212999634
[nutritive value of manioc stems]. 195313151628
effects of the general health and nutritional status of children of partial replacement of rice in a poor vegetarian diet by tapioca flour. 195413140825
effects of partial replacement of rice in a rice diet by tapioca flour on the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in adult human beings. 195413140824
studies on the mineral nutrition of cassava (manihot utilissima pohl.). 195516654734
[in vivo and in vitro study of the digestibility of manioc in various forms: whole farina, bolted farina, flour and gary; application in african regimens]. 195613355082
[synovial-urethro-conjunctival syndrome (fiessinger-leroy-reiter); adjuvant therapy with tapioca gel injections]. 195713485827
studies on the starch-synthesizing enzymes in tapioca (manihot utilissima) roots. 195713414717
the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in undernourished children. 4. the effect of replacing rice in the diet by tapioca macaroni on the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. 195813607947
the effect of replacement of rice in a poor vegetarian diet by tapioca macaroni on the general health and nutritional status of children. 195813607939
partial replacement of rice with tapioca in poor rice diets; the effect on growth and liver structure in the albino rat. 195813523097
effect of long-term feeding of albino rats on rice and on rice-tapioca diets on the blood and on the liver. 195813572752
[mechanical transmission of cassava brown streak virus]. 195913666823
an unspecific metaphosphatase from the leaves of the tapioca plant (mannihot utillissima). 195913792057
[tapioca in the diet of infants under 6 months of age]. 196013760693
effect of varying levels of protein and calcium in the diet on the structure and composition of liver of rats. i. the effect of supplementation of diets based on rice and rice-tapioca with calcium on the growth and structure and composition of liver of albino rats. 196013789689
nutritive value of cereal and cassava diets for growing and fattening pigs in nigeria. 196113731827
the effect of replacing wheat in a poor indian diet by a blend of whole wheat flour, tapioca flour and low-fat groundnut flour (paushtic atta) on the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in children. 196113755269
the supplementary value of coconut meal, groundnut meal, bengal gram, low-cost protein food and skim milk powder to tapioca-rice diet. 196113775406
supplementary value of peanut flour, chickpea flour and skim-milk powder and their blends to maize-tapioca diet. 196213919759
diurnal variations in some enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in tapioca leaves. 196216655645
the supplementary value of certain processed protein foods based on blends of groundnut, soya-bean, sesame, chick-pea (cicer arietinum) flours and skim-milk powder to a maize--tapioca diet. 196214452512
metabolic activity of starch granules from the tapioca plant. ii. functional activity of starch granules from tuber. 19654221005
[casein flocculation of cow's milk in the presence of starch paste. comparison between tapioca and other starches]. 19655896904
metabolic activity of starch granules from the tapioca plant. i. udpg-starch-glucosyl transferase. 196514336510
metabolic activity of starch granules from the tapioca (manihot utilissima) plant: 3. starch granules as multienzyme units. 19664227367
goitrogenic activity of cassava (a staple nigerian food). 19665964173
metabolic activity of starch granules from the tapioca (manihot utilissima) plant: iv. further studies on the enzyme make-up of starch granules. 19674228209
the amount of iron in processed cassava (manihot utilissima). 19685639812
acute tapioca poisoning in a child. 19694312740
relationship of a degenerative tropical neuropathy to diet: report of a field survey.a survey of neurological abnormalities in two nigerian villages preselected for their differing consumption of cassava has shown that a degenerative neuropathy occurs with relatively high frequency in the village (ososa) where cassava consumption was high.it is suggested that eating cassava results in exposure to cyanide, as shown by a raised plasma thiocyanate level, and that the latter, together with other factors, may contribute to the pathogenesis of "tropical neuropathy."19695764702
the effect of dietary histidine and arginine on growth in the guinea-pig as a test of the amino acid imbalance in plantain and cassava. 19695368011
the nutritive value of cassava leaf meal. 19695389921
[part of cassava leaf (manihot utilissima) in alimentary diets of tropical type]. 19705426027
cassava diet and cyanide metabolism in wistar rats. 19705470780
[nutritive role of certain edible tropical leaves (manioc, yam, baobab and silk-cotton tree)]. 19705509597
studies on udp-glucose: d-fructose 2-glucosyltransferase from tapioca tuber. 19715545484
[the technology of manioc in cameroon. its influence on nutritive value]. 19715162016
changes in the carbohydrate constituents of cassava root-tuber (manihot utilissima pohl) during growth. 19724660327
tapioca melanoma of the iris. 2. electron microscopy of the melanoma cells compared with normal iris melanocytes. 19724644734
tapioca melanoma of the iris. 1. clinical and light microscopy studies. 19724644733
[silage of manioc roots]. 19724675017
pressure cooked urea-cassava meal for lambs consuming low quality hay. 19725075829
energy value of a cassava-rice bran diet with and without supplemental zinc for growing pigs. 19725085301
goitrogenic action of cyanogenic glucosides present in cassava: a possible etiologic factor of endemic goiter in the idjwi island. 19734523769
[cassava in swine nutrition. i. possibilities and limitations of its use]. 19734805574
[cassava in swine nutrition. 2. digestibility of cassava under various presentations]. 19734805575
chronic cassava toxicity. 19734124430
a preliminary study on the action of cassava on thyroid iodine metabolism in rats. 19734127199
the nutritional value of yeast grown on alkanes determined in experiments with rats and piglets on mixed grain and tapioca meal base diets. 19744416388
[nutritional value of flour mixture based on wheat flour: with opaque-2 cornmeal, common cornmeal and cassava flour]. 19744499409
[protein value of mixtures of bean flour and cassava flour. i. index of protein efficiency and growth of animals]. 19744499413
lipids of cassava tubers (manihot esculenta crantz). 19744437153
[protein levels of bean and cassava flour mixture. 2. digestibility and biological value]. 19751043067
digestibility of starches in infants and children.the digestibility of various starches has been studied in normal infants of different ages. during balance periods of 3 days, while the infants were receiving known dietary quantities of the starch to be tested, the fecal content of lactic acid, glucose, dextrins, and starch was measured. after the first year of life, children were able to absorb almost completely 170 gm/m2 of body surface of cooked wheat starch given in the form of biscuit or macaroni. a lower absorption coefficient was found f ...19751167378
nutritional studies on east african herbivores. 1. digestibilities of dry matter , crude fibre and crude protein in antelope, cattle and sheep.1. a series of digestibility trials was done using four animals of each of the following species: friesian cattle (bos taurus), boran zebu cattle (bos indicus), corriedale sheep, fat-tailed sheep, eland (taurotragus oryx pallas), coke's hartebeest (alcelaphus buselaphus cokei günther), thomson's gazelle (gazella thomsonii günther) and bush duiker (sylvicapra grimmia l.). 2. two batches of pelleted food were prepared from ground maize cobs, cassava, whs (a-e) were prepared containing 65 (a)-135 ( ...19751172929
[influence of increasing tapioca supplements on nitrogen metabolism in wethers]. 19751224815
high-temperature production of protein-enriched feed from cassava by fungi.a simple, nonaseptic, low-cast process for the conversion of cassava, a starchy tropical root crop, into microbial protein for use as animal feed was sought. screening tests culminated in the isolation of a thermotolerant, amylase-producing mold, designated i-21, which was identified as aspergillus fumigatus. the optimum ph for protein synthesis was 3-5, but the optimum temperature was less than the desired temperature (larger than or equal to 45 c) required for a nonaseptic fermentation. a. fum ...19752105
food protein sources.work on food, planned by the u.m. (use and management) section of the u.k. committe, was limited to sources of protein because we agreed that more problems calling for research were likely to arise in getting adequate supplies of protein than of other types of food. deer meat can be produced on land too rough and exposed for sheep; parts of the work on their metabolism and food requirements necessitated building a mobile laboratory. the manner in which the nutritive value of maize is affected by ...19768803
studies on the phyllosphere microflora of tapioca (manihot utilissima pohl).studies on the phyllosphere microflora of tapioca (manihot utilissima pohl.) revealed that incidence of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes is indipendent of the variety, but dependent on the age. the bacteria and fungi increased with increasing age of the leaf and were more on mature leaves, whereas no such difference was noticed in the occurrence of actinomycetes. the large majority of the isolates, that were gram-negative bacteria, was also amino acid-requiring. the chromogenic types occurred ...1976189529
exoenzymic activity of alpha-amylase immobilized on a phenol-formaldehyde resin.amylose and amylopectin from two starch sources were partially degraded by alpha-amylase immobilized on a phenol-formaldehyde resin. the degradation products were fractioned by gel-permeation chromatography and high-pressure, liquid chromatography. two distinct fractions were obtained from tapioca amylose. one is a fragment having a molecular weight exceeding 200,000, and the other consists of oligosaccharides of low molecular weight with a degree of polymerization of 1-8. in contrast, treatment ...1976820427
effect of modified and unmodified tapioca starches on 59fe retention in rats.the effects of a chemically-modified tapioca starch hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate (hdp), and unmodified tapioca starch (ums) on 59fe retention by rats were compared. three experimental variables were evaluated: 1) the type of starch in the diet, 2) cooking of either the starch alone or the entire diet, and 3) the iron status of the rats. there were no significant differences in 59re retention between iron-adequate rats fed either ums or hdp. 59fe retention by iron-deficient rats was not affec ...1976993856
the possibility of dietary protective factors in duodenal ulcer. ii. an investigation into the effect of pre-feeding with different diets and of instillation of foodstuffs into the stomach on the incidence of ulcers in pylorus-ligated rats.rats pre-fed on a south indian diet show a much higher incidence of ulceration of the stomach after pyloric ligation than those on a north indian diet. removing vegetables and pulses from the north indian diet deprives it of its protective effect. staple foodstuffs with a high buffer content (unmilled rice, unrefined wheat and a millet [ragi]) placed in the stomach after pyloric ligation are also protective, but those with a low buffer content (milled rice, tapioca, sorghum and maize) are not pr ...1976995789
[nutritive value of macaçar bean (vigna unguiculatta l.) walp (author's transl)].the biological value of dry and immature macaçar bean (vigna unguiculatta l.) walp, isolated or associated to manioc flour, was studied. thirty-six male albino rats, wistar strain, aged 23 days, were divided into six groups and fed experimental and control (casein) diets for 28 days. the weight curve and the per of the animals fed dry and immature macaçar bean either isolated or associated to manioc flour were lower than those of the casein group. the data lead to the conclusion that the macaçar ...19761013409
recurrent tapioca melanoma of the iris and ciliary body treated with the argon laser.a 25-year-old white woman underwent iridocyclectomy for an iris tumor. clinically, histologically, and ultrastructurally this tumor was the same as a recently reported tapioca melanoma of the iris. during the next four months, there were recurrent growths on the ciliary body that we treated with the argon laser through a three-mirror lens. no further recurrences of the tumor were noted three years later.1976986119
dietary treatment of malnutrition. balance-sheets of the main nutrients. part ii.results of a balance study of nitrogen, fat, electrolytes and trace-elements (fe, cu, zn, mn) with 3 1/i to 9 years old malnourished children in the kwilu region (zaïre) are given. the main components of the diets were fish, lactose free milk, caseinate, partial hydrolasate of albumin, fermented corn and soya (soy-ogi), medium-chain triglycerides, rice and the local foods manioc, peanuts and caterpillars. the lactose free milk and the soy-ogi were well tolerated since we found only a small quant ...1977881298
hydrogen sulphide from leaves of manihot utilissima. 1977905423
digestibilities of nitrogen compounds in rumen bacteria and in other components of digesta in the small intestine of the young steer.1. mixed bacteria were obtained from the rumen contents of steers and were taken at different times after the animals had been given different feeds. the feeds contained [15n]urea and in some experiments na2 35so4 so that the bacteria were labelled with these isotopes. 2. samples of labelled bacteria were subjected to a simulated abomasal digestion with pepsin and the digests were infused with a non-absorbed marker, polyethylene glycol, into the duodenums of test steers equipped with re-entrant ...1977911740
influence of cassava diets on placental thiocyanate transfer, tissue rhodanese activity and performance of rats during gestation. 1977916626
[nitrogen balance in adults and experimental study in rats fed with rice, beans and manioc flour supplemented with proteins].rice, beans and manioc flour are foods eaten daily in northeast brazil. manioc flour is a source of energy, having a low protein content. there has been a great interest to supplement manioc flour with proteins. the present study was planned to show the nutritive value of a basic diet including rice, beans, manioc flour and other local foods, supplemented with different sources of proteins. the experiment was carried out in humans and rats. the supplements used were casein (ca), isolated soy pro ...197796753
safety evaluation of aspergillus fumigatus grown on cassava for use as an animal feed.a safety evaluation of aspergillus fumigatus i21, grown in a cassava carbohydrate and salts medium, was undertaken. male weanling rats were fed the fungus at 20, 30 and 40% of the diet for 90 days. a control group was given soybean oil meal as the sole source of protein. weekly determinations of the body weights and feed consumptions were made. a few days prior to termination of the feeding study, a kidney function test was undertaken on the rats. at the end of the feeding period hematology, blo ...1977336162
iris metastasis from a bronchial carcinoid tumor.a 54-year-old man had a fleshy pink vascularized mass in the superonasal quadrant of the right iris. he had a history of an unchanging pulmonary nodule that was followed up for five years with routine chest roentgenograms. fluorescein angiography demonstrated early filling of numerous fine blood vessels in the mass and diffuse late staining of the lesion. results of a transcorneal radioactive phosphorus (32p) uptake test were positive. the clinical diagnosis was tapioca melanoma of the iris, wit ...1978203256
the utilization of proteins and amino acids in diets based on cassava (manihot utilissima), rice or sorghum (sorghum sativa) by young nigerian men of low income. 1978629918
[pathogenesis of endemic goiter: evidence of a dietary factor different from iodine deficiency (author's transl)].the role of cassava was investigated in particularly severe endemic goiter area (ubangi). dietary intake of cassava induces an increase of plasma thiocyanate concentration and an increase of urinary excretion of stable iodine. generalized iodine deficiency induces very high thyroid uptakes; the other parameters of thyroid function are more or less affected according to the dietary intake of thiocyanate. when thiocyanate intake is high an adaptation is obtained only at the expense of a drop of pl ...1978686655
effect of linamarin on thiocyanate production and thyroid activity in rats.the principal cyanogenic glucoside in cassava is linamarin (2-hydroxyisobutyronitrile-beta-d-glucoside). addition of pure linamarin to a diet based on 10% vitamin-free casein did not affect the weight gain of rats. however, as expected, the animals that received the casein diet supplemented with methionine gained more weight than those that received the unsupplemented diet. the amount of thiocyanate ion excreted in the urine by the animals that received linamarin was higher than that excreted by ...1978731726
effects of cyanogenic agents on reproduction and neonatal development in rats.a diet consisting of 50% gari (a form of cassava meal) was found to cause no significant biochemical and haematological changes in adult female rats. although this diet caused a significant increase in their serum thiocyanate levels, there was no corresponding significant increase in the weight of their thyroid glands. the offspring of these rats had significantly lower birth weights and brain weights and never attained the same adult weights as those of the controls. adult female rats fed a die ...1979230860
the origin of nitrogen incorporated into compounds in the rumen bacteria of steers given protein- and urea-containing diets.1. two young friesian steers fitted with rumen cannulas were each given three different isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets for successive periods of 2-3 weeks. the diets consisted mainly of straw and tapioca, with the nitrogen supplied mainly as decorticated groundnut meal(dcgm; diet a), in approximately equal amounts of dcgm and urea (diet b), or entirely as urea (diet c). 2. at the end of each period on a given diet, part of the dietary urea of a morning feed was replaced by a solution of [ ...1979420753
[role of the digestive microflora and of the crystalline structure of starch in digestion and dietary efficiency in the chicken. study of tropical tubers].the influence of microflora in the utilization of starches, the x ray pattern which was of a or b type, was studied by balances and carcasses analysis with growing axenic or holoxenic chickens, put in isolators. five tropical tubers were used : manihot utilissima and dioscorea dumetorum of a-type, dioscorea cayenensis and alata and canna edulis of b-type. they were introduced in isoenergetic (4,460 kcal/g d.m.) and isoproteic (18 p. 100) diets. the a-type starches are entirely digested (95 p. 10 ...1979496174
gibberellin a4 produced by sphaceloma manihoticola, the cause of the superelongation disease of cassava (manihot esculenta). 1979518631
dietary cyanide and tropical malnutrition diabetes.two categories of diabetes are recognized in the temperate zone--ketosis-prone diabetes requiring insulin and diabetes not requiring insulin. another unique type of diabetes occurs in the tropics. it has two forms, both different from either form of temperate zone diabetes. type j and pancreatic diabetes are both characterized by youth onset, antecedent malnutrition, substantial insulin requirement, and resistance to ketosis. in the tropical countries where they are found, both forms are associa ...1979574813
population and food problems in indonesia.this discussion examines the relationship between population growth and food problems in indonesia and their connection with the total food production requirement particularly of staples or basic foods in the country. in 1976 indonesia's population numbered about 130 million. the uneven distribution of population by regions is 1 of the outstanding features of indonesia's demographic situation. the estimates of mortality levels for the period 1961-1971 mostly refer to life expectancies at birt ...197912312142
metastatic tapioca iris melanoma.a case of metastatic tapioca melanoma of the iris in a 12-year-old girl is reported. the patient had heterochromia, a red painful eye, and was treated for iritis with secondary glaucoma. in the course of 5 months iris lesions with the clinical appearance of tapioca pudding developed, and biopsy disclosed a melanoma. the eye was immediately enucleated, and pathological examination showed a melanoma with predominantly epithelioid-type cells which had infiltrated the angle, the posterior chamber, a ...1979508689
amelanotic melanoma (tapioca melanoma) of the iris. 1979532814
fermentation methods for protein enrichment of cassava and corn with candida tropicalis.candida tropicalis grows on soluble starch, corn, and cassava powders without requiring that these substrates be previously hydrolyzed. c. tropicalis possesses the enzyme needed to hydrolyze starch, namely, an alpha-amylase. that property has been used to develop a fermentation process whereby c. tropicalis can be grown directly on corn or cassava powders so that the resultant mixture of biomass and residual corn or cassava contains about 20% protein, which represents a balanced diet for either ...198016345495
effect of feeding cassava root meal on reproduction and growth of rabbits.in an experiment designed to determine the effect of feeding cassava-based diets on reproduction of young rabbit does, 16 new zealand white does, about 36 weeks old, were fed four diets containing 0, 15, 30 or 45% cassava root meal (crm) daily plus 200 g of green herbage every other day. after being fed those diets for 42 days, the does were bred to bucks fed standard commercial diet. the does were bred two more times after the pups were weaned at 5 weeks of age. offspring of the first breeding ...19806245195
optimal level of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) flour in the diet of the growing chick. 19806781176
feed value of heated and unheated cassava starch for chicks. 19806784412
[effect of the cooking-extrusion process (brady crop cooker) on the nutritive value of mixtures based on cowpea (vigna sinensis)-corn, and cowpea-cassava]. 19807283629
[effects of soluble carbohydrates from several tropical foods (cassava, peanuts, coconut and papaya) on calcium utilization in the rat].ethanolic extracts containing soluble sugars were prepared from four foods : cassava, peanut, coconut and papaye. six-month-old rats were given by stomach tube 10 mm cacl2 solution (+ 45ca) containing a carbohydrate. depending on the group, the carbohydrate was glucose or melibiose or raffinose at 200 mm concentration, or one ethanolic extract. blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. rats were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radio ...19807469261
effect of rice & tapioca on lipids concentration in tissues in rats under different conditions of dietary intake of protein & fat. 19807216262
methionine requirement of weanling large white x landrace pigs and determined by plasma urea concentration, nitrogen retention and some urinary nitrogenous components.the methionine requirements of weanling large white x landrace pigs fed a 20% protein cassava flour-soybean meal diet were evaluated using nitrogen balance, plasma urea concentration, urinary nitrogenous end products and the index--(allantoin/urinary urea) x protein intake (a/u x ip). sensitivities of the response criteria to sex differences in methionine requirements were compared. allantoin excretion consistently and significantly (p less than 0.05) increased with increasing methionine levels ...19817241224
performance and pathophysiological changes in pregnant pigs fed cassava diets containing different levels of cyanide. 19817255905
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