Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| inhibition of populations of haemonchus contortus in sheep fed on white clover (trifolium repens) high in lotaustralin. | 1953 | 13036873 | |
| effect of clover phyllody virus on nodulation of white clover (trifolium repens) by rhizobium trifolii. | 1967 | 6034037 | |
| studies on the nature of the li locus in trifolium repens l. i. purification and properties of the enzyme components. | 1973 | 4735021 | |
| [ultrastructural and cytochemical studies of bacteroid differentiation of rhizobium trifolii dangeard in the nodules of trifolium repens l]. | 1974 | 4138777 | |
| spiroplasmas are the causal agents of citrus little-leaf disease. | a spiroplasma isolated from citrus with little-leaf disease was grown in a cell-free medium and injected into leafhoppers (euscelis plebejus). injected leafhoppers, but not those fed on infected plants, transmitted the spiroplasma to white clover (trifolium repens cv. s100) and sweet orange (citrus sinensis cv. valencia). infected clover plants were severely stunted; infected sweet orange plants showed typical symptoms of citrus little-leaf disease. the spiroplasma was detected in clover and swe ... | 1974 | 19280788 |
| nutritional improvement of food proteins by enzymatic modification, especially by plastein synthesis reaction. | the present paper reviews our recents studies on the plastein reaction applied to improve nutritional quality of conventional and unconventional proteins, with special emphasis on the papaincatalyzed incorporation of essential amino acids (used in ethyl ester form) into the proteins : l-methionine into soybean protein, l-lysine into wheat gluten and l-tyrosine into fish protein (after removal of phenylalanine). the paper deals also with an attempt to improve proteins extracted from the photosynt ... | 1978 | 360951 |
| inhibitory effects of the herbicide trifluralin on the establishment of the clover root nodule symbiosis. | trifluralin, a widely used herbicide (rahman, 1977), may act via interaction with plant microtubule protein (hess and bayer, 1974, 1977). in trifluralin treated seedlings of trifolium repens, root tips increased in diameter and decreased in length, cell elongation was decreased, cell wall deposition was abnormal, root hairs were deformed, and a marked reduction was seen in the number of infection threads induced by the bacterial symbionts. our observations support the hypothesis that trifluralin ... | 1978 | 751777 |
| dna content of free living rhizobia and bacteroids of various rhizobium-legume associations. | the dna content of bacteroids from 22 different rhizobium-legume associations was compared to that of the corresponding free living rhizobium species using laser flow microfluorometry. in all 18 effective associations, the bacteroids had either similar or higher dna content than the free living rhizobia. bacteroid populations isolated from effective clover (trifolium repens) and alfalfa (medicago sativa) nodules had an average dna content of >1.5-fold higher than free living r. trifolii and r. m ... | 1979 | 16660736 |
| resource heterogeneity and patterns of movement in foraging bumblebees. | differences in the foraging behavior of b. terricola workers on white clover, trifolium repens, were examined on previously unvisited (filled) and depleted flowers, and as a function of flower-head density. 1. the number of florets visited per unit time was independent of flower head density from 20 to at least 290 heads/m(2), in part because the bees utilized more florets per head at low flower head densities, and also because they approached but rejected more flower heads at high rather than a ... | 1979 | 28309608 |
| in vitro digestion of bloat-safe and bloat-causing legumes by rumen microorganisms: gas and foam production. | leaves of three bloat-safe legumes -- birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus l.), sainfoin (onobrychis viciaefolia scop.), and cicer milkvetch (astralagus cicer l.) -- and of three bloat-causing legumes -- alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), red clover (trifolium pratense l.), and white clover (trifolium repens l.) -- were incubated with strained rumen fluid or with mixed rumen fluid and solids. gas released was measured during the early period (0 to 22 h) of this in vitro digestion. gas volume was gre ... | 1980 | 7419778 |
| c(4)-dicarboxylate transport mutants of rhizobium trifolii form ineffective nodules on trifolium repens. | mutants of rhizobium trifolii strain 7012 defective in c(4)-dicarboxylate transport were isolated by using a selective procedure based on ph indicator media. the mutant strains cr7098 and cr7099 failed to grow on or transport succinate, fumarate, or malate, but grew at wild-type rates on several other carbon sources. the c(4)-dicarboxylate transport system was inducible in strain 7012, but was expressed constitutively in four out of five succinate-positive revertants of strain cr7098. in the fif ... | 1981 | 16593058 |
| protein metabolism in growing lambs fed on fresh ryegrass (lolium perenne) -clover (trifolium repens) pasture ad lib. 1. protein and energy deposition in response to abomasal infusion of casein and methionine. | 1981 | 7317346 | |
| root surface association in relation to nodulation of medicago sativa. | nine strains of rhizobium meliloti, ranging in competitive ability on medicago sativa from excellent to poor in autoclaved soils, were paired in 29 combinations and used to inoculate m. sativa in a liquid rooting medium. a positive correlation (r = 0.545) between strain ratios in nodules after 28 days and root surface cell ratios after 7 days was determined. two cell fractions from the root surface, representing loosely and firmly adhering cells, were investigated. infectivity was linked to the ... | 1982 | 16346071 |
| motility of the reticulum and rumen of sheep given juice-extracted pasture. | 1. sheep were fed on different diets of juice-extracted herbage to determine what effect juice-extraction had on reticulo-rumen motility. 2. the frequency of a and b sequences of contraction of the reticulo-rumen were recorded during eating, rumination and inactivity for continuous periods of 24-72 h by using integrated electromyograms obtained from electrodes implanted in the musculature of the reticulum and cranial dorsal rumen. 3. animals were fed on herbage in which approximately 200 g/kg dr ... | 1982 | 7059570 |
| protein metabolism in growing lambs given fresh ryegrass (lolium perenne)--clover (trifolium repens) pasture ad lib. 2. endocrine changes, glucose production, and their relationship to protein deposition and the partition of absorbed nutrients. | 1. glucose metabolism and changes in the concentrations of several hormones in jugular plasma were measured in growing lambs fed on fresh pasture ad lib. one group of lambs acted as control while the second received a continuous abomasal infusion supplying 44 g sodium caseinate+0.5 g l-methionine/d. 2. hormone concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay procedures and glucose irreversible loss measured from continuous infusion of d-[u-14c]glucose. 3. protein infusion increased plasma conc ... | 1982 | 7066291 |
| iodine metabolism and thyroid hormone relationships in growing sheep fed on kale (brassica oleracea) and ryegrass (lolium perenne)-clover (trifolium repens) fresh-forage diets. | 1983 | 6830751 | |
| copper metabolism in growing sheep given kale (brassica oleracea) and ryegrass (lolium perenne)-clover (trifolium repens) fresh forage diets. | kale (brassica oleracea) and ryegrass (lolium perenne)-clover (trifolium repens) pasture grown under similar soil conditions were grazed in the vegetative state by growing lambs of 23.6 kg initial live weight for 24 weeks. forty-eight lambs grazed each forage. the kale and pasture contained respectively 4 and 14 mg copper/kg dry matter (dm), 7.2 and 3.1 g total sulphur/kg dm and 0.4 and 1.1 mg molybdenum/kg dm. subcutaneous injections of cu (12 mg) were given to half the animals grazing each for ... | 1983 | 6311244 |
| effect of rhizobial strain and host plant on nitrogen isotopic fractionation in legumes. | lotus pedunculatus l., medicago sativa l., macroptilium atropurpureum, glycine max, and trifolium repens l. were grown in a n-free medium and inoculated with one of ten rhizobium strains. dry matter, n content, and delta(15)n values were determined for various plant parts.nodules, with the exception of those from lucerne, were enriched in (15)n relative to atmospheric n. considerable variation was found in delta(15)n values of plant herbage (-4.5 to +0.8). the extent of isotopic discrimination w ... | 1983 | 16663110 |
| transfer of rhizobium meliloti psym genes into agrobacterium tumefaciens: host-specific nodulation by atypical infection. | the psym megaplasmid of rhizobium meliloti 2011 mobilized by plasmid rp4, or plasmid pgmi42, an rp4-prime derivative which carries a 290-kilobase psym fragment including nitrogenase and nod genes, was introduced into agrobacterium tumefaciens. the resulting transconjugants induced root deformations specifically on the homologous hosts medicago sativa and melilotus alba and not on the heterologous hosts trifolium pratense and trifolium repens. the root deformations were shown to be genuine nodule ... | 1984 | 6690420 |
| the physical digestion of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) and white clover (trifolium repens) in the foregut of sheep. | sheep were fed once daily with 300 or 600 g dried perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) or white clover (trifolium repens). total rumen contents were sampled once daily at various intervals up to 24 h after feeding for 6 d. total weight of fresh rumen contents and dry matter (dm), organic matter and particulate matter concentrations were measured and the particle size distribution of rumen contents was analysed using a wet sieving technique. there was a similar exponential loss of dm from the rume ... | 1984 | 6089866 |
| the digestion of fresh perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l. cv. melle) and white clover (trifolium repens l. cv. blanca) by growing cattle fed indoors. | 1. pure swards of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l. cv. melle) or white clover (trifolium repens l. cv. blanca) were harvested daily at three and two stages of growth respectively, and offered to housed cattle. the grass diets comprised primary growth (may) and two later regrowths of contrasting morphology (i.e. leaf: stem values of 1.54 and 2.84 respectively), and were characterized by high contents of water-soluble carbohydrate and neutral-detergent fibre and comparable in vitro dry matter ... | 1985 | 3870696 |
| condensed tannins induce micronuclei in cultured v79 chinese hamster cells. | the tannins, delphinidin and procyanidin were isolated from flowers of white clover (trifolium repens) and the leaves of arnot bristly locust (robina fertilis) respectively, and tested for mutagenic properties in a range of systems. there was no evidence for either compound causing significant levels of frameshift or base-pair mutagenesis in bacterial mutagenicity assays, although both were weakly positive in a bacterial dna-repair test. both compounds very slightly increased the frequency of pe ... | 1985 | 3900722 |
| endocrine regulation of metabolism in sheep given kale (brassica oleracea) and ryegrass (lolium perenne)-clover (trifolium repens) fresh-forage diets. | diets of fresh kale (brassica oleracea) and ryegrass (lolium perenne)-clover (trifolium repens) herbage were fed to growing sheep in three experiments. in expts 1 and 3 the sheep were confined indoors and fed at hourly intervals, and all were given supplementary iodine to counteract kale goitrogens. lambs grazed the two forages for 24 weeks in expt 2, with and without intramuscular injections of iodized oil. the kale and herbage contained respectively 11 and less than 0.1 g s-methyl-l-cysteine s ... | 1985 | 4063301 |
| the role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of lotus pedunculatus for sheep. rates of body and wool growth. | lotus pedunculatus (cv. grasslands maku) grown on acid low-fertility soil and containing high concentrations of condensed tannin (76-90 g/kg dry matter (dm] was grazed by growing sheep for 31-42 d periods in three experiments. in expt 2 an additional group of lambs grazed areas oversown with white clover (trifolium repens) and red clover (trifolium pratense). lambs were transferred from grazing ryegrass (lolium perenne)-white clover straight on to lotus in all experiments (unconditioned sheep). ... | 1985 | 4063306 |
| root hair deformations associated with fractionated extracts from rhizobium trifolii. | components from culture fluid and whole cells of rhizobium trifolii were examined for effects on root hair morphology of white clover seedlings (trifolium repens var. ladino). cell-free culture fluid, exopolysaccharides, supernatant fluid from the precipitation of the exopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, and a protein fraction from culture fluids were assayed for morphogenetic effects on the root hairs of axenically grown clover seedlings. crude fractions were chrom ... | 1985 | 16346709 |
| association of rhizobium strains with roots of trifolium repens. | two techniques were used to assess the binding of rhizobia to clover roots: indirect counting after radiolabeling the bacteria and direct counting by using phase-contrast microscopy. microscopic observations revealed a large variability in the number of bacteria associated with individual root hairs. this variability made unbiased counting by microscopy difficult. systematic examination of all visible root hairs and "blind" counting of coded strains and treatments were adopted to minimize observ ... | 1985 | 16346819 |
| reproductive capacity of bacteroids in nodules of trifolium repens l. and glycine max (l.) merr. | reproductive growth of intracellular bacteria from isolated protoplasts in nodules of clover and soybean was directly investigated using a microchamber with visual and video recording. differentiated bacteriods from clover nodules uniformly failed to reproduce. such growth as occurred came from undifferentiated rhizobia from within the protoplast or extracellularly in the nodule. plating investigation gave results in agreement with this conclusion. osmoprotective media failed to secure the repro ... | 1985 | 24249446 |
| relationships between the cryptic and temperate viruses of alfalfa, beet and white clover. | small isometric virus particles containing double-stranded rna have been independently reported in europe and japan from apparently healthy alfalfa (medicago sativa), beet (beta vulgaris), and white clover (trifolium repens). they have been called cryptic viruses in europe and temperate viruses in japan. serological comparison using immunoelectron microscopy, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the rnas indicate that alfalfa cryptic and temperate viruses are the same, beet cryptic virus is ... | 1986 | 3721811 |
| the efficiency of energy utilization in growing cattle consuming fresh perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cv. melle) or white clover (trifolium repens cv. blanca). | 1. twenty friesian steers (225 kg live weight) were fed on mid- (m) (june-july) and late- (l) (august-september) season crops of either fresh perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cv. melle) (g) or white clover (trifolium repens cv. blanca) (c). each of the forage diets was offered at three restricted planes of nutrition above maintenance to compare the effect of forage species on the efficiency of energy utilization. all diets were harvested daily from swards of regrowth forage of intended equival ... | 1986 | 3676184 |
| effect of forage species and season on nutrient digestion and supply in grazing cattle. | 1. a total of twenty friesian steers were grazed on pure swards of either perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cv. melle) or white clover (trifolium repens cv. blanca) from may to late august to examine the effect of forage species and season on nutrient digestion and supply. within each forage species, two daily allowances of forage (i.e. 30 and 60 g dry matter (dm)/kg live weight) were given, and nutrient flow into the small intestine was measured on thirteen separate occasions (viz. seven grass ... | 1986 | 3676197 |
| the effect of forage species and stage of harvest on the processes of digestion occurring in the rumen of cattle. | 1. pure swards of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l. cv. melle) or white clover (trifolium repens l. cv. blanca) were harvested daily as either primary growth (may-june) or mid- (july) and late- (august-september) season 4-week regrowths and offered to friesian steers at two levels of feed allowance (18 and 24 g dry matter (dm)/kg live weight), to examine the effect of forage species and stage of harvest on nutrient digestion and supply. 2. the early- and mid-season grasses had low nitrogen ( ... | 1986 | 3676223 |
| the effect of digestibility and forage species on the removal of digesta from the rumen and the voluntary intake of hay by sheep. | 1. the characteristics of digestion, passage and rumen fill of three hays: early- and late-cut perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cv. endura) and white clover hay (trifolium repens cv. blanca and pronitro) were studied using six rumen-cannulated sheep fed at a restricted level of intake (18 g dry matter (dm)/kg live weight (lw) per d), in a two 3 x 3 latin square design. 2. voluntary intake of the same diets was measured using a further six non-cannulated sheep in a similar design. 3. rate of di ... | 1986 | 3676225 |
| the role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of lotus pedunculatus for sheep. 5. effects on the endocrine system and on adipose tissue metabolism. | 1. three experiments were conducted using lotus pedunculatus containing high concentrations of condensed tannins (ct), and utilizing the principle that polyethylene glycol (peg) application (molecular weight 3350) will irreversibly bind a portion of the ct and thus reduce the dietary reactive (i.e. non-peg bound) ct concentration. lotus diets containing 95, 45 and 14 g total reactive ct/kg dry matter (dm), induced by spraying with three peg rates, were given to sheep at hourly intervals (600 g d ... | 1986 | 3676235 |
| the use of monensin or formaldehyde to control the digestion of the nitrogenous constituents of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cv. melle) and white clover (trifolium repens cv. blanca) in the rumen of cattle. | pure swards of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cv. melle) and white clover (trifolium repens cv. blanca) were harvested daily as primary growth (grass in may, clover in june) or regrowths (clover only in july) and offered, in the long form, to growing cattle at a feeding rate of 22 g dry matter/kg live weight. with each forage, two treatments were compared with the untreated forage (c): monensin (100 g active ingredient/kg, 250 mg/d) addition to the rumen (treatment m) or formaldehyde (30 g/k ... | 1987 | 3801385 |
| influence of soil and nonsoil environments on nodulation by rhizobium trifolii. | indigenous serotypes 1-01 and 2-02 of rhizobium trifolii occupied similar percentages (18 to 23%) of root nodules on soil-grown subclover (trifolium subterraneum l.) and were virtually absent (4.5%) from nodules of soil-grown white clover (trifolium repens l.). in contrast (with the exception of one dilution [10]), serotype 1-01 occupied a substantial portion of nodules (16 to 40%) on white clover seedlings grown on mineral salts agar and exposed to samples of the same soil in the form of a 10-f ... | 1987 | 16347307 |
| clovers secrete specific phenolic compounds which either stimulate or repress nod gene expression in rhizobium trifolii. | rhizobium trifolii mutants containing escherichia coli lac gene fusions to specific nodulation (nod) genes were used to characterise phenolic compounds secreted from the roots of white clover (trifolium repens) plants. these compounds either had stimulatory or inhibitory effects upon the induction of the nod genes. the stimulatory compounds were hydroxylated flavones and the most active compound was 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone. the inhibitory compounds present in white clover root exudates were umbell ... | 1987 | 16453763 |
| nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and hydrogen oxidation by pigeon pea bradyrhizobium spp. in symbiotic association with pigeon pea, cowpea, and soybean. | the pigeon pea strains of bradyrhizobium cc-1, cc-8, uasgr(s), and f4 were evaluated for nodulation, effectiveness for n(2) fixation, and h(2) oxidation with homologous and nonhomologous host plants. strain cc-1 nodulated macroptilium atropurpureum, vigna unguiculata, glycine max, and g. soja but did not nodulate pisum sativum, phaseolus vulgaris, trigonella foenum-graecum, and trifolium repens. strain f4 nodulated g. max cv. peking and pi 434937 (malayan), but the symbioses formed were poor. si ... | 1988 | 16347542 |
| ecological indicators of native rhizobia in tropical soils. | the relationship between environment and abundance of rhizobia was described by determining the populations of root nodule bacteria at 14 diverse sites on the island of maui. mean annual rainfall at the sites ranged from 320 to 1,875 mm, elevation from 37 to 1,650 m, and soil ph from 4.6 to 7.9. four different soil orders were represented in this study: inceptisols, mollisols, ultisols, and an oxisol. the rhizobial populations were determined by plant infection counts of five legumes (trifolium ... | 1988 | 16347624 |
| reliability of the most-probable-number technique for enumerating rhizobia in tropical soils. | we used six rhizobium-legume systems to test the reliability of the most-probable-number (mpn) technique for enumerating rhizobia introduced into 14 sites representing four soil orders. the range-of-transition values (the number of dilution steps between the first not-entirely-positive and the last not-entirely-negative growth units) were compared for each species and for each soil. the probability that the observed data were significantly different from theoretical values varied with the specie ... | 1988 | 16347661 |
| interference between rhizobium meliloti and rhizobium trifolii nodulation genes: genetic basis of r. meliloti dominance. | transfer of an incp plasmid carrying the rhizobium meliloti nodfe, nodg, and nodh genes to rhizobium trifolii enabled r. trifolii to nodulate alfalfa (medicago sativa), the normal host of r. meliloti. using transposon tn5-linked mutations and in vitro-constructed deletions of the r. meliloti nodfe, nodg, and nodh genes, we showed that r. meliloti nodh was required for r. trifolii to elicit both root hair curling and nodule initiation on alfalfa and that nodh, nodfe, and nodg were required for r. ... | 1988 | 2848012 |
| importance of body tissues as sources of nutrients for milk synthesis in the cow, using 13c as a marker. | 1. the proportions of carbon in individual milk constituents derived from feed and body tissues in dairy cows, were estimated by taking advantage of the natural variations which occur in the ratio, 13c:12c present in c3- and c4-plant species. 2. four cows, which had previously grazed c3 plants (ryegrass (lolium spp.) and white clover (trifolium repens)), were accustomed to indoor feeding on a ration of c3-plant material (cut pastures and barley meal). the ration was then changed abruptly to one ... | 1988 | 3219327 |
| root nodule specific gene regulation: analysis of the soybean nodulin n23 gene promoter in heterologous symbiotic systems. | the nodulin n23 gene promoter was analysed in transgenic plants using the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) coding sequence as a reporter. a 5' flanking region of less than 1 kb was sufficient for the organ-specific expression of a chimeric n23-cat-3'lbc3 gene in root nodules formed on lotus corniculatus and trifolium repens after infection by their respective rhizobium symbionts. expression was regulated at the level of rna in both species of transgenic plants. promoter deletion analysis ... | 1988 | 3340542 |
| the digestion of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cv. melle) and white clover (trifolium repens cv. blanca) by grazing cattle. | 1. pure swards of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cv. melle) as a primary growth (may), trimmed primary growth (early june) and regrowth (late june), and white clover (trifolium repens cv. blanca) as a mature primary growth (july) and vegetative regrowth (august), were grazed by twelve friesian steers (mean body-weights throughout experiment 152-231 kg) at daily allocation rates of forage which provided dry matter (dm) intakes ranging from 28 to 36 g/kg body-weight). 2. total nitrogen content ... | 1988 | 3408697 |
| theoretical considerations in the estimation of rumen fractional outflow rate from various sampling sites in the digestive tract. | the digesta markers 103ruthenium phenanthroline (ru-p) and 51cr-edta were continuously infused into the rumen of young lambs offered clover hay ad lib. indoors or grazing pure species swards of either lucerne (medicago sativa), white clover (trifolium repens), ryegrass (lolium perenne) or prairie grass (bromus catharticus). following the cessation of infusion the fractional outflow rate (for) of markers from the rumen was estimated from the rate of decline of marker concentration in rumen and ab ... | 1989 | 2789986 |
| kinetic aspects of calcium metabolism in lactating sheep offered herbages with different ca concentrations and the effect of protein supplementation. | 1. two experiments are described in which kinetic aspects of calcium metabolism were studied in housed lactating sheep consuming different fresh herbage species. the importance of protein supply was also investigated. 2. in expt. 1, two groups (n 4) were offered, ad lib., a freshly cut ryegrass (lolium perenne l.)-white clover (trifolium repens l.) pasture containing 5.48 g ca/kg dry matter (dm). one group was supplemented daily with 100 g protected casein. a third group (n 4) was offered, ad li ... | 1989 | 2923856 |
| faecal endogenous loss of calcium in young sheep. | 1. two groups of eight 6-7-month-old wether lambs were offered either a frozen ryegrass (lolium perenne l.)-white clover (trifolium repens l.) pasture or a ryegrass-white clover hay, containing 12.1 and 6.4 g calcium/kg dry matter (dm) respectively. within groups the amounts offered to individual sheep ranged from 0.5 to 2.0 times the estimated maintenance energy requirements. 2. a single intravenous injection of 150 microci 45ca as cacl2.2h2o, and stable balances were used to determine absorpti ... | 1989 | 2923857 |
| expression by soil bacteria of nodulation genes from rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii. | gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria from the soil of white clover-ryegrass pastures were screened for their ability to nodulate white clover (trifolium repens) cultivar grasslands huia and for dna homology with genomic dna from rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii icmp2668 (nzp582). of these strains, 3.2% were able to hybridize with strain icmp2668 and nodulate white clover and approximately 19% hybridized but were unable to nodulate. strains which nodulated but did not hybridize with strain i ... | 1989 | 16347936 |
| localization of bacteria and hemoglobin in root nodules of parasponia andersonii containing both bradyrhizobium strains and rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii. | dual occupancy of parasponia andersonii nodules with different bradyrhizobium strains and rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii was frequently obtained when two strains were inoculated into plants grown aseptically in tubes. since reisolates of bradyrhizobium strains from dually occupied nodules acquired the ability to nodulate trifolium repens, the spatial relationship of the two species of bacteria during nodule initiation and development was investigated and their proximity was demonstrated ... | 1989 | 16347995 |
| nitrogen transactions along the digestive tract of lambs concurrently infected with trichostrongylus colubriformis and ostertagia circumcincta. | twelve lambs, paired on the basis of live weight, were cannulated in the abomasum, in the proximal jejunum approximately 4 m distal to the pylorus and in the terminal ileum. six were infected with 3000 trichostrongylus colubriformis and 3000 ostertagia circumcincta larvae each day for 18 weeks and the remainder were pair-fed to individual infected lambs. all animals were offered ryegrass (lolium perenne)-white clover (trifolium repens) pasture, cut daily. dry matter (dm) intake, live weight, fae ... | 1991 | 1760444 |
| nucleotide and derived amino acid sequence of the cyanogenic beta-glucosidase (linamarase) from white clover (trifolium repens l.). | the nucleotide sequence and derived amino acid sequence of two different beta-glucosidase cdna clones were determined. one clone (tre104) was identified as the cyanogenic beta-glucosidase by homology with the n-terminal and internal peptide amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme. the biological function of the other beta-glycosidase (tre361) is not known. co-segregation of genomic restriction fragments uniquely identified by each cdna clone shows that these two genes are linked in the white ... | 1991 | 1907511 |
| technical note: sampling technique and drying method effects on chemical composition of tall fescue or fescue-ladino clover pasture samples. | although esophageal extrusa is the most readily accepted representation of forage consumed by grazing ruminants, esophageal sampling is demanding from the standpoint of animal care and maintenance and extrusa processing. this experiment was conducted with a split-plot design to evaluate the effects of pasture type, pasture sampling technique and drying method on estimation of grazed forage composition. ten esophageally fistulated steers grazed pastures of either tall fescue (festuca arundinacea ... | 1991 | 2005036 |
| influence of the size of indigenous rhizobial populations on establishment and symbiotic performance of introduced rhizobia on field-grown legumes. | indigenous rhizobia in soil present a competition barrier to the establishment of inoculant strains, possibly leading to inoculation failure. in this study, we used the natural diversity of rhizobial species and numbers in our fields to define, in quantitative terms, the relationship between indigenous rhizobial populations and inoculation response. eight standardized inoculation trials were conducted at five well-characterized field sites on the island of maui, hawaii. soil rhizobial population ... | 1991 | 16348393 |
| within-population variation in localized and integrated responses of trifolium repens to biotically patchy environments. | genets of trifolium repens (white clover) were collected from three patches of old permanent pasture dominated by agrostis capillaris, holcus lanatus or lolium perenne. plants derived from the genets were grown with plants of one grass species present on one side of each t. repens, and a different grass species on the other side, in all combinations of two of the three grasses. different modules (a node with its associated internode, leaf, and axillary bud) on the same clover plant responded ind ... | 1991 | 28313200 |
| reaction of trifolium repens cultivars and germplasms to meloidogyne incognita. | ten cultivars and 13 germplasms of white clover (trifolium repens) were evaluated in the greenhouse for resistance to the southern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita race 4. one hundred plants of each cultivar or germplasm were rated for percentage of the root system galled (prsg) at 60 days after inoculation with root-knot nematode eggs. tillman (9%) and srvr (19%) had the highest percentage of resistant plants (prsg = 0 or 1 on a scale of 0-5 ) for the cultivars and germplasms, respecti ... | 1991 | 19283168 |
| isolation and identification of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza-stimulatory compounds from clover (trifolium repens) roots. | two isoflavonoids isolated from clover roots grown under phosphate stress were characterized as formononetin (7-hydroxy,4'-methoxy isoflavone) and biochanin a (5,7-dihydroxy,4'-methoxy isoflavone). at 5 ppm, these compounds stimulated hyphal growth in vitro and root colonization of an undescribed vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza, a glomus sp. (invam-112). the permethylated products of the two compounds were inactive. these findings suggest that the isoflavonoids studied may act as signal molecule ... | 1991 | 16348409 |
| isolation, sequencing and expression in e. coli of the urocanase gene from white clover (trifolium repens). | the urocanase gene was detected in a clone obtained from a genomic library of white clover. the entire gene has been sequenced and expressed in the pt7-7/e. coli bl 21 (de 3) system. the deduced sequence of the plant urocanase is 72% homologous with that of the well-characterized urocanase from pseudomonas putida. the purification procedure, as well as kinetic and electrophoretic behaviour, of the new enzyme are described. | 1992 | 1356832 |
| implant and copper oxide needles for steers grazing acremonium coenophialum-infected tall fescue pastures: effects on grazing and subsequent feedlot performance and serum constituents. | two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of a progesterone-estradiol implant (pei) with no implant (ni) and 20 g of copper oxide needles (cuon) with no cuon on grazing, subsequent feedlot performance, and selected serum constituents of steers. in exp. 1, 114 limousin crossbred yearling steers (317 kg average initial bw) were stocked continuously on acremonium coenophialum-infected tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.)-ladino clover (trifolium repens l.) pastures (c) or were rota ... | 1992 | 1429296 |
| the intake, digestion and protein degradation of grazed herbage by early-weaned lambs. | sixty-four intact lambs and twenty-four lambs fitted with a duodenal cannula were weaned at 6 weeks of age and grazed pure species swards of either lucerne (medicago sativa), white clover ((trifolium repens), ryegrass (lolium perenne) or prairie grass (bromus catharticus) for 6 weeks. intake and duodenal digesta flow were estimated when lambs were 8 and 12 weeks of age. lambs grazing the two legume species grew at a similar rate, as did lambs grazing the two grass species. legumes promoted a 38% ... | 1992 | 1445817 |
| forage systems for beef production from conception to slaughter: i. cow-calf production. | six year-round, all-forage, three-paddock systems for beef cow-calf production were used to produce five calf crops during a 6-yr period. forages grazed by cows during spring, summer, and early fall consisted of one paddock of 1) tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.)-ladino clover (trifolium repens l.) or 2) kentucky blue-grass (poa pratensis l.)-white clover (trifolium repens l.). each of these forage mixtures was combined in a factorial arrangement with two paddocks of either 1) fescue-red ... | 1992 | 1548221 |
| involvement of the oxidative burst in phytoalexin accumulation and the hypersensitive reaction. | the role of the oxidative burst, transient production of activated oxygen species such as h(2)o(2) and superoxide (o(2) (-)) in elicitation of phytoalexins and the hypersensitive reaction (hr) was investigated in white clover (trifolium repens l.) and tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.). h(2)o(2) and o(2) (-) production was measured as chemiluminescence (cl) mediated by luminol, which was added to suspension-cultured white clover just before measurement in an out-of-coincidence mode scintillation cou ... | 1992 | 16653104 |
| involvement of genes on a megaplasmid in the acid-tolerant phenotype of rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii. | the acid-tolerant rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii strain anu1173 exhibited several new phenotypes when cured of its symbiotic (sym) plasmid and the second largest megaplasmid. strain p22, which has lost these two plasmids, had reduced exopolysaccharide production and cell mobility on ty medium. the parent strain anu1173 was able to grow easily in laboratory media at ph 4.5, whereas the derivative strain p22 was unable to grow in media at a ph of <4.7. the intracellular ph of strain anu11 ... | 1993 | 16348908 |
| the effect of heavy metals on dinitrogen fixation by rhizobium-white clover in a range of long-term sewage sludge amended and metal-contaminated soils. | an investigation was conducted to determine whether effective strains of rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. trifolii capable of symbiotic n2 fixation with white clover (trifolium repens) were present in a range of metal-contaminated soils. a number of historically sewage-amended sites (including experimental, pasture grassland and arable sites) were selected and compared with highly contaminated samples from abandoned heavy metal mines. many sites had metal concentrations above the limits establish ... | 1993 | 15091894 |
| response of trifolium repens clones to infection by meloidogyne incognita and peanut stunt virus. | the responses of selected clones of white clover (trifolium repens) to simultaneous infection by the southern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) and peanut stunt virus (psv) were determined. two white clover clones, which were resistant (nc-r) or sensitive (nc-s) to ozone injury, were evaluated. plant growth and m. incognita reproduction were measured. root, stolon, and top growth were reduced by psv infection, which affected nc-r more than nc-s. both clones were tolerant of m. incognita ... | 1993 | 19279855 |
| repetitive somatic embryogenesis and plant recovery in white clover. | breeding and selection was used to generate a population of white clover (trifolium repens l.) from cultivar osceola with a high embryogenic capacity. somatic embryos were obtained from immature cotyledons of white clover placed onto ec6 basal medium containing 40 mg l(-1) of 2,4-d and 6% sucrose. the effects of 2,4-d at 20 and 40 mg l(-1) and of the carbohydrates, sucrose and maltose, were evaluated for their influence in the establishment of repetitive somatic embryogenesis. to determine the o ... | 1993 | 24196847 |
| expression of the pea albumin 1 gene in transgenic white clover and tobacco. | in order to improve the quality of pasture protein for ruminant animal nutrition, we are introducing genes encoding rumen-protected proteins, rich in essential amino acids, into white clover (trifolium repens l.). we have introduced a chimaeric gene transcribed from the 35s camv promoter, and encoding the pea albumin 1 (pa1) protein, rich in sulphur amino acids, into the white clover genotype wr8 by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. a transgenic plant with high levels of pa1 mrna was crosse ... | 1994 | 8000431 |
| expression of the symbiotic plasmid from rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii in sphingobacterium multivorum. | an inoculant strain of rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii containing a tn5 marked symbiotic plasmid transferred this plasmid by conjugation to sphingobacterium multivorum, an organism that can be found in soil. the transconjugant bacteria nodulated the roots of white clover (trifolium repens) seedlings but did not fix atmospheric nitrogen. microscopic examination revealed abnormal nodule structures. bacteria isolated from the nodules were shown to be closely related to the recipient s. mult ... | 1994 | 8000966 |
| influence of grazing cattle and sheep together and separately on animal performance and forage quality. | cattle and sheep grazed together and separately from april to october during 3 yr. initial forage composition was 29% kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis l.), 11% white clover (trifolium repens l.), and 60% weeds. there were six angus cow-calf pairs or six ewes (1/2 dorset x 1/4 finn x 1/4 rambouillet) with 11 lambs per each of three pasture replications for single animal species. six cow-calf pairs plus six ewes and 11 lambs grazed in each of three replications of the mixed animal species treatme ... | 1994 | 8014135 |
| flavone-enhanced accumulation and symbiosis-related biological activity of a diglycosyl diacylglycerol membrane glycolipid from rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii. | rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii is the bacterial symbiont which induces nitrogen-fixing root nodules on the leguminous host, white clover (trifolium repens l.). in this plant-microbe interaction, the host plant excretes a flavone, 4',7-dihydroxyflavone (dhf), which activates expression of modulation genes, enabling the bacterial symbiont to elicit various symbiosis-related morphological changes in its roots. we have investigated the accumulation of a diglycosyl diacylglycerol (bf-7) in wild ... | 1994 | 8021221 |
| sugar-binding activity of pea lectin expressed in white clover hairy roots. | introduction of the pea (pisum sativum l.) lectin (psl) gene into white clover (trifolium repens l.) hairy roots facilitates nodulation by the nitrogen-fixing bacterium rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae, which normally nodulates pea and not white clover (c.l. diaz, l.s. melchers, p.j.j. hooykaas, b.j.j. lugtenberg, and j.w. kijne [1989] nature 338: 579-581). here, we show that psl is functionally expressed in transgenic white clover hairy roots transformed with the psl gene. psl could be iso ... | 1995 | 12228660 |
| can social bees be influenced to choose a specific feeding station by adding the scent of the station to the hive air? | the behavioral response of honeybees (apis mellifera l.) and bumblebees (bombus terrestris l.) to the flower volatiles 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and myrcene isolated in situ from white clover (trifolium repens l.) and oil seed rape (brassica napus oleifera), respectively, were investigated on a rotating arena with 12 visually identical, but differently scented, feeding stations. when locating a feeding station, neutral in both shape and color, foragers used scent as orientation cue. introduction of 2-et ... | 1995 | 24233819 |
| oxygen-induced membrane depolarizations in legume root nodules (possible evidence for an osmoelectrical mechanism controlling nodule gas permeability). | various stresses trigger rapid and reversible decreases in the o2 permeability (po) of legume root nodules. several possible mechanisms have been proposed, but no supporting data have previously been presented that meet the requirements for both rapidity and reversibility. stomatal regulation of gas permeability in leaves involves electrically driven fluxes of inorganic osmoticants, so we investigated the possibility of a somewhat similar mechanism in nodules. we used microelectrodes to monitor ... | 1995 | 12228468 |
| the effect of mollusc grazing on seedling recruitment in artificially created grassland gaps. | two experiments conducted in spring and autumn 1992 examined the effect of mollusc grazing on seedling regeneration from natural grassland seedbanks by creating artificial gaps in plots in a grassland sward. molluscs were excluded from half the gaps by application of molluscicide. mollusc grazing in both the spring and autumn experiment significantly reduced seedling recruitment, though the intensity of grazing was greatest in autumn. recruitment of five species was markedly influenced by mollus ... | 1996 | 28307649 |
| transgenic white clover. studies with the auxin-responsive promoter, gh3, in root gravitropism and lateral root development. | we report improved method for white clover (trifolium repens) transformation using agrobacterium tumefaciens. high efficiencies of transgenic plant production were achieved using cotyledons of imbibed mature seed. transgenic plants were recovered routinely from over 50% of treated cotyledons. the bar gene and phosphinothricin selection was shown to be a more effective selection system than nptii (kanamycin selection) or aada (spectinomycin selection). white clover was transformed with the soybea ... | 1996 | 11539555 |
| forage systems for beef production from conception to slaughter: iii. finishing systems. | fall-weaned angus calves grazed or were fed different forages during winter followed by 1) n-fertilized tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.) grazed alone, 2) bluegrass (poa pratensis l.)-white clover (trifolium repens l.) sequence grazed with tall fescue-red clover (trifolium pratense l.), or 3) bluegrass-white clover sequence grazed with alfalfa (medicago sativa l.)-orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.). heifers were supplemented with grain at 1% of bw from april until slaughter in july. on ... | 1996 | 8707721 |
| differential localization of carbohydrate epitopes in plant cell walls in the presence and absence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | two monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) generated against rhamnogalacturonan i and characterized as specific for a terminal [alpha]-(1->2)-linked fucosyl-containing epitope (ccrc-m1) and for an arabinosylated [beta]-(1,6)-galactan epitope (ccrc-m7) were used in immunogold experiments to determine the distribution of the epitopes in four plants. allium porrum, zea mays, trifolium repens, and nicotiana tabacum plants were chosen as representatives of monocots and dicots with different wall structures. a ... | 1996 | 12226286 |
| host-parasite relationships of meloidogyne trifoliophila isolates from new zealand. | root-infecting nematodes are commonly found on white clover in new zealand pasture where they reduce yield, nitrogen fixation, and persistence. the dominant root-knot nematode on white clover in new zealand is confirmed in this study as meloidogyne trifoliophila by isozyme phenotype comparison with the type population from tennessee. results from a host differential test differed in the host ranges of m. trifoliophila and m. hapla from new zealand locations, with m. trifoliophila failing to repr ... | 1997 | 19274134 |
| evaluation of 15 trifolium spp. and of medicago sativa as hosts of four meloidogyne spp. found in new zealand. | the predominant root-knot nematode in new zealand pastures is meloidogyne trifoliophila, identified until recently as m. hapla. clarification was needed on the host range of these two species on legumes found in new zealand pastures and on clover species closely related to trifolium repens. in a greenhouse test, 15 trifolium spp. and medicago sativa were inoculated with eggs of m. trifoliophila, m. hapla, m. incognita, or m. javanica. all legumes tested were hosts to some degree to each of the r ... | 1997 | 19274267 |
| biological, serological, and molecular variabilities of clover yellow vein virus. | abstract a comparative study was made on the host reactions, serological properties, and nucleotide sequences of the coat protein (cp) gene of 10 clover yellow vein virus (c1yvv) isolates and one bean yellow mosaic virus (bymv) isolate collected from different host plant species and locations in japan. two strains of c1yvv isolates, grouped on the basis of host reactions on chenopodium amaranticolor, c. quinoa, nicotianaclevelandii, n. benthamiana, vicia faba, and trifolium repens, corresponded ... | 1997 | 18945034 |
| identification of soil bacteria expressing a symbiotic plasmid from rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trofolii. | a hundred strains of non-nodulating, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from clover-ryegrass pastures on three different soil types and from a sandy loam under lupins. when crossed with escherichia coli pn200 containing the cointegrate plasmid ppn1, 11 transconjugants gained the ability to form nodules on the roots of white clover (trifolium repens cv. grasslands huia). a noda probe indicated that they had gained nodulation genes. the identities of these 11 strains and 4 others der ... | 1997 | 9090106 |
| infestation of sheep dung by nematophagous fungi and implications for the control of free-living stages of gastro-intestinal nematodes. | a field trial was conducted to assess the rate at which dung becomes infested by fungi which parasitise nematodes (nematophagous fungi) after deposition. sheep dung was placed on field plots of bare ground, ryegrass (lolium perenne), browntop (agrostis capillaris) and white clover (trifolium repens) in summer (february) and autumn (april), and subsamples were examined at intervals for the presence of nematophagous fungi. nematophagous fungi occurred in 71% of 129 samples recovered in february an ... | 1997 | 9211650 |
| structural requirements of rhizobium chitolipooligosaccharides for uptake and bioactivity in legume roots as revealed by synthetic analogs and fluorescent probes. | rhizobium chitolipooligosaccharides (closs) are heterogeneous fatty acylated n-acetyl glucosamine oligomers with variations in both the polar (hydrophilic) oligosaccharide head group and the non-polar (hydrophobic) fatty acyl chain. they trigger root hair deformation and cortical cell divisions in legume roots during development of the nitrogen-fixing root-nodule symbiosis. it has been proposed that only certain unique molecular species of closs made by a particular rhizobia can elicit these res ... | 1997 | 9215550 |
| purification and properties of beta-mannanases i and ii from the germinated seeds of trifolium repens. mode of galactomannan degradation in vitro. | two beta-mannanases (beta-mannosidases, ec 3.2.1.25) purified from the germinated seeds of trifolium repens by a procedure that included chromatography on hydroxyapatite, gel filtration on acrylamide/agarose (ultragel 5/4) and preparative polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoresis. the final purification step completely resolved two beta-mannanases with distinct specificities, which were termed beta-mannanase i and beta-mannanase ii. beta-mannanase i was purified 1400-fold and beta-mannanase ii 1000-fol ... | 1997 | 33664 |
| ditylenchus dipsaci infestation of trifolium repens. ii. dynamics of infestation development. | trifolium repens (white clover) stolons were inoculated with ditylenchus dipsaci (stem nematode), and the development of resulting infestations was monitored. nematodes initially remained confined to superficial locations, concentrating in petiole axils near inoculation points. they were able to migrate slowly from the inidal inoculation points and infest adjacent axils, especially in regions near the stolon tip. as time progressed, in some axils, nematodes migrated through the stolon epidermis ... | 1997 | 19274169 |
| ditylenchus dipsaci infestation of trifolium repens. i. temperature effects, seedling invasion, and a field survey. | rates of development of stem nematode (ditylenchus dipsaci) in white clover (trifolium repens) seedlings were found to be linearly related to temperature. basal developmental temperature (t(b)) was 3 degrees c, and the thermal constant (s) for development of gravid adult females from freshly laid eggs was 270 accumulated day-degrees above the t(b). only 12% at 20 degrees c and 4% at 4 degrees c of the gravid female nematodes inoculated into seedling axils successfully penetrated seedling epiderm ... | 1997 | 19274148 |
| long-term responsiveness to free air co2 enrichment of functional types, species and genotypes of plants from fertile permanent grassland. | to test inter- and intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to elevated co2, 9-14 different genotypes of each of 12 perennial species from fertile permanent grassland were grown in lolium perenne swards under ambient (35 pa) and elevated (60 pa) atmospheric partial pressure of co2 (pco2) for 3 years in a free air carbon dioxide enrichment (face) experiment. the plant species were grouped according to their functional types: grasses (l. perenne, l. multiflorum, arrhenatherum elatius, dacty ... | 1997 | 28307292 |
| meat quality of cryptorchid lambs grazing either dryland or irrigated perennial pasture with some silage supplementation. | the meat quality of lambs grazed on perennial pasture (ryegrass lolium perenne, cocksfoot, dactylis glomerata and white clover trifolium repens) was examined in three treatments; group 1 (s) lambs were grazed on dryland pasture for 30 days and then offered a supplement of pasture silage ad libitum until slaughter, 30 days later (n = 21). lambs in group 2 (p) were grazed on dryland pasture throughout (n = 28) and those in group 3 (ip) on irrigated pasture (n = 28). lambs in group ip had a signifi ... | 1998 | 22060577 |
| status of self-pollen in bee pollination efficiency of white clover (trifolium repens l.). | flowers of white clover (trifolium repens l.) are hermaphrodite and self-incompatible; their cross-pollination depends entirely on insect visitors, mainly bees (apoidea). because self-pollination of white clover occurs before flower anthesis, we determined whether selfing affected the pollination efficiency of a honeybee visit. we compared pollen deposition in emasculated and intact flowers following (1) a single honeybee visit, (2) open-pollination for a day and (3) enclosure in a cloth bag to ... | 1998 | 28307562 |
| host-root exudates increase gene expression of asparagine synthetase in the roots of a hemiparasitic plant triphysaria versicolor (scrophulariaceae). | triphysaria is a facultative root parasite in the scrophulariaceae family. similar to other related parasites, the development of the parasitic life cycle is initiated by molecular signals released from appropriate host roots. using a differential display, we isolated cdnas preferentially abundant in t. versicolor roots exposed to trifolium repens (white clover) root exudates in vitro. sequence analysis indicated that one of the differentially expressed cdnas had significant homology to the nitr ... | 1998 | 9831643 |
| production, faecal egg counts and worm burdens of ewe lambs which grazed six contrasting forages. | lambs were grazed on monospecific swards of one of six forages, some containing condensed tannins (ct); sulla (hedysarum coronarium), lotus corniculatus and l. pedunculatus and some without ct (lucerne (medicago sativa), plantain (plantago lanceolata) and a ryegrass/white clover pasture (lolium perenne/trifolium repens)) to evaluate effects of forage type on gastrointestinal nematode burdens, faecal egg count as well as liveweight gain (lwg), wool growth and dag formation over a 42-day period. a ... | 1998 | 9877067 |
| expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase during leaf ontogeny in white clover. | we examined the expression of three distinct 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase genes during leaf ontogeny in white clover (trifolium repens). significant production of ethylene occurs at the apex, in newly initiated leaves, and in senescent leaf tissue. we used a combination of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and 3'-rapid amplification of cdna ends to identify three distinct dna sequences designated traco1, traco2, and traco3, each with homology to 1-aminocyclopropane ... | 1999 | 10318691 |
| influence of an elevated atmospheric co2 content on soil and rhizosphere bacterial communities beneath lolium perenne and trifolium repens under field conditions. | > abstract the increase in atmospheric co2 content alters c3 plant photosynthetic rate, leading to changes in rhizodeposition and other root activities. this may influence the activity, the biomass, and the structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial communities and therefore the nutrient cycling rates and the plant growth. the present paper focuses on bacterial numbers and on community structure. the rhizospheres of two grassland plants, lolium perenne (ryegrass) and trifolium repens (white clo ... | 1999 | 10384008 |
| ileal amino acid digestibilities in pigs of barley-based diets with inclusion of lucerne (medicago sativa), white clover (trifolium repens), red clover (trifolium pratense) or perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne). | two experiments were performed with post-valve t-cannulated growing pigs, using five animals in each experiment in a change-over design to evaluate the effect of inclusion of four different dried forage meals on ileal crude protein (cp) and amino acid (aa) digestibilities. the control diets (c1 and c2) were barley-based and the experimental diets were formulated by replacing the barley with 100 or 200 g/kg of either lucerne (medicago sativa) or white clover (trifolium repens) meal in expt 1 and ... | 1999 | 10743486 |
| variations in host preference among and within populations of heterodera trifolii and related species. | seven populations of heterodera trifolii from arkansas, kentucky, pennsylvania, and australia plus 3 or 4 single-cyst isolates (sci) from each population were tested for reproduction on seven species of plants to compare the host preferences among and within populations. common lespedeza, kummerowia striata cv. kobe, was a good host for all populations and isolates. therefore, a plant was considered to be a host if the number of females produced on it was 10% or more of the number on kobe. all s ... | 1999 | 19270913 |
| differential effects of light quality, provided by different grass neighbours, on the growth and morphology of trifolium repens l. (white clover). | the ability to respond in a specific manner to different light conditions imposed by different species of grass is a major factor contributing to white clover persistence in pastures. gaps in a pasture provide light with a higher red:far-red ratio (r:fr) and higher photosynthetic photon flux density (ppfd) than the light filtered through neighbours. white clover (trifolium repens l.) was grown under different light conditions in ways that tried to simulate as closely as possible some of the ligh ... | 2000 | 24595840 |
| the effect of breed slaughter weight and nutritional management on cholesterol content of lamb carcasses. | this study was carried out to assess the effect of breed, sex, post-weaning nutrition, live weight at slaughter and their interactions on the cholesterol content in carcass fat of lambs. the carcasses were obtained from lambs of three indigenous greek dairy breeds of sheep, the boutsko (b), serres (s) and karagouniko (k) breed. after weaning (at approximately 42 days), the lambs of the three breeds had been reared under different conditions of housing and nutritional management in three consecut ... | 2000 | 10781744 |
| effect of breed and age on the voluntary intake and the micromineral status of non-pregnant sheep. 1. estimation of voluntary intake. | twenty-four sheep were used to test breed and age differences in voluntary intake (vi). the sheep were divided into four groups of six animals each: suffolk mature ewes (sm), suffolk yearlings (sy), rambouillet mature ewes (rm), and rambouillet yearlings (ry). the animals grazed alternatively two mixed pastures containing trifolium repens latum, lolium perenne and pennisetum clandestinum from 07:00 to 16:30 hours and remained penned overnight. voluntary intake was estimated using chromic sesquio ... | 2000 | 10867320 |
| effect of breed and age on the voluntary intake and the micromineral status of non-pregnant sheep. ii. micromineral status. | twenty-four non-pregnant sheep, divided into four groups of six animals each, were used to test breed (suffolk and rambouillet) and age (mature (six years old) and yearling (16 months old) ewes) differences in micromineral status. the animals grazed alternatively two mixed pastures containing trifolium repens latum, lolium perenne and pennisetum clandestinum from 07:00 to 16:30hours, and remained penned overnight. hand-plucked forage samples, blood and wool samples were collected on days 1 (exce ... | 2000 | 10867321 |
| engineering the active center of the 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase from lactococcus lactis. | several amino acids in the active center of the 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase from lactococcus lactis were replaced by the corresponding residues in homologous enzymes of glycosidase family 1 with different specificities. three mutants, w429a, k435v/y437f and s428d/ k435v/y437f, were constructed. w429a was found to have an improved specificity for glucosides compared with the wild-type, consistent with the theory that the amino acid at this position is relevant for the distinction between galacto ... | 2000 | 10906347 |
| forage systems for production of stocker steers in the upper south. | the southern states produce large numbers of beef calves that are generally weaned and sold in autumn. keeping calves in this region beyond weaning to graze high-quality forages through a stocker cattle phase could improve profitability. autumn-weaned angus crossbred steers were allocated by breeding and weight to four forage systems that began in mid-november and continued through mid-october as follows: system 1, tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.) and kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis l ... | 2000 | 10907841 |
| transgenic trifolium repens with foliage accumulating the high sulphur protein, sunflower seed albumin. | with the aim of increasing the rumen-protected level of the sulphur amino acids cysteine and methionine in trifolium repens, we introduced the coding sequence of the sunflower seed albumin (ssa) into t. repens by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. the ssa gene was modified such that the protein would be localised to the endoplasmic reticulum (er). four different t-dna constructions all containing the ssa gene driven by either the promoter of a gene encoding the small subunit of r ... | 2000 | 10951694 |