Publications

transcriptomic analysis of short-fruit 1 (sf1) reveals new insights into the variation of fruit-related traits in cucumis sativus.	fruit size is an important quality trait in different market classes of cucumis sativus l., an economically important vegetable cultivated worldwide, but the genetic and molecular mechanisms that control fruit size are largely unknown. in this study, we isolated a natural cucumber mutant, short fruit 1 (sf1), caused by a single recessive mendelian factor, from the north china-type inbred line cns2. in addition to significantly decreased fruit length, other fruit-related phenotypic variations wer ...	0	28592854
the effects of different sewage sludge amendment rates on the heavy metal bioaccumulation, growth and biomass of cucumbers (cucumis sativus l.).	when sewage sludge is incorrectly applied, it may adversely impact agro-system productivity. thus, this study addresses the reaction of cucumis sativus l. (cucumber) to different amendment rates (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g kg(-1)) of sewage sludge in a greenhouse pot experiment, in which the plant growth, heavy metal uptake and biomass were evaluated. a randomized complete block design with six treatments and six replications was used as the experimental design. the soil electrical conductivity, ...	0	28550630
some diseases of lettuce and cucumbers.		1891	17838306
mendelian inheritance of epidermal characters in the fruit of cucumis sativus.		1913	17830218
control of powdery mildew and red spider on greenhouse cucumbers.		1931	17840395
[not available].		1945	21022477
studies on the inheritance of downy mildew resistance and of other characters in cucumbers.		1946	20281706
pectinesterase in the cucumber.		1951	14830258
sorbic acid as a selective agent in cucumber fermentations. ii. effect of sorbic acid on the yeast and lactic acid fermentations in brined cucumbers.		1957	13488440
[infestation of salted tomatoes and cucumbers with drosophila larvae; case report].		1957	13474335
populations and softening enzyme activity of filamentous fungi on flowers, ovaries, and fruit of pickling cucumbers.		1958	13595656
reversible and irreversible inhibition of necrotic ringspot virus in cucumbers by pancreatic ribonuclease.		1959	13669313
induction of staminate flowers on gynoecious cucumbers with gibberellin a3.	staminate flowers induced on gynoecious plants permitted the establishment and increase of inbred lines bearing only pistillate flowers. this method of altering sex expression has practical applications in developing f(1) hybrids, and is useful in studying the physiology and genetics of sex expression.	1960	17780675
chemical regulation of flower sex expression and vegetative growth in cucumis sativus l.	pistillate flower formation in monoecious cucumber plants is increased when allyl trimethylammonium bromide is added to aerated solution cultures used as the root medium. by contrast, gibberellin induces staminate flower formation on gynoecious cucumber plants. the two chemicals also have diametrically opposite effects in tendril formation and vegetative extension.	1962	17754182
pure culture fermentation of brined cucumbers.	the relative abilities of pediococcus cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum, l. brevis, and several other species of lactic acid bacteria to grow and produce acid in brined cucumbers were evaluated in pure culture fermentations. such fermentations were made possibly by the use of two techniques, gamma radiation (0.83 to 1.00 mrad) and hot-water blanching (66 to 80 c for 5 min), designed first to rid the cucumbers of naturally occurring, interfering, and competitive microbial groups prior to brinin ...	1964	16349651
lipid alterations during the fermentation of dill pickles.	analyses of various lipid fractions of sections of cucumbers and of good and bloated dill pickles showed that marked changes occur in all lipid fractions during fermentation. the most striking difference noted was the decrease in the phospholipid fraction. a nearly fourfold increase in free fatty acid, as well as a marked increase in the neutral fat fatty acids and unsaponifiables, occurred. gas chromatographic analyses of the methyl esters of fatty acids from the various lipid fractions yielded ...	1964	16349650
sensitivity of female inbreds of cucumis sativus to sex reversion by gibberellin.	two female inbred cucumbers were developed by substituting gene acr for acr in the genetic backgrounds of the monoecious races marketer and tokyo, which exhibit weak and strong male tendency respectively. marketer females are resistant and tokyo females are sensitive to sex reversion in response to treatments with gibberellin a(3). resistance and sensitivity of this type appear to depend upon the genetic system which controls sex tendency.	1964	17807849
gynodioecism in cucumbers.		1964	17248199
determination of relative auxin content in hermaphrodite and andromonoecious cucumis sativus l.		1965	16656088
pure culture fermentation of green olives.	the method previously developed by us for the pure-culture fermentation of brined cucumbers and other vegetables has been applied successfully to manzanillo variety olives. field-run grade fruit was processed first by conventional procedures to remove most of the bitterness. then the relative abilities of lactobacillus plantarum, l. brevis, pediococcus cerevisiae, and leuconostoc mesenteroides to become established and produce acid in both heat-shocked (74 c for 3 min) and unheated olives, brine ...	1966	16349674
photodynamic injury to heated leaves.	the leaves of tradescantia fluminensis vell, were kept in light and darkness after short-term heating (5 min and 10 min) at different temperatures. in light temperature causing injury was 10° lower than in darkness. a considerable destruction of chlorophyll occurred when the heated leaves were kept in light. if the light intensity was 4,000 lux or even lower the damage to cells was not accompanied by bleaching of chlorophyll. light produced no effect on unheated leaves. in variegated white-green ...	1966	24557781
light responses, growth factors and phytochrome transformations of cucumis seedling tissues.	the elongation of hypocotyl segments cut from etiolated cucumis sativus seedlings is not affected by a single red light exposure at the start of the 20-hour growth period, but is inhibited by brief exposures repeated each hour or two even though these give no greater total energy. the inhibition is annulled if each red exposure is followed by far-red. the time course of phytochrome transformations in this tissue after a single red light exposure, followed spectrophotometrically, shows no anomalo ...	1966	24557986
monovalent cations and growth regulation. i. growth responses in cucumber hypocotyl segments.	the elongation of etiolated cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) hypocotyl segments was stimulated by kcl and a number of other potassium salts at a concentration of 0.02 n k(+). the effect of kcl was not evident until 14 hours after the beginning of treatment.nacl, licl, and rbcl enhanced elongation of the segments, and their dosage-response curves were similar to that for kcl. at supraoptimal concentrations (>/= 0.05 m), licl inhibited segment growth. cscl was inhibitory at all concentrations tested ...	1966	16656244
spherical lactic acid-producing bacteria of southern-grown raw and processed vegetables.	the frequency and levels of population of the spherical lactic acid-producing bacteria were determined on raw and processed yellow summer and zucchini squash, a variety of greens, green beans, okra, southern peas, and butter and lima beans, and on fresh cucumbers and corn flowers. six taxa occurred consistently: leuconostoc mesenteroides, yellow-pigmented streptococci, streptococcus faecium, aerococcus viridans, and s. faecalis and s. faecalis var. liquefaciens. the same taxa occurred with the s ...	1967	16349739
histological effect of certain pickles on the human gastric mucosa. a preliminary report.	the histological effects of several types of pickles and control substances were assessed by repeated suction (per os) biopsies of the gastric antrum in three healthy men. the ingestion of 30 ounces of fukujinzuke (assorted vegetables pickled in soy sauce) or of vinegared gherkins over a three-day period caused marked changes in the surface epithelium and gastric pits in all three subjects. the abnormalities consisted of loss of cellular mucus, nuclear enlargement, prominent nuclear chromatin an ...	1967	6026337
[isolation of the virus of tobacco necrosis from the fruits of field cucumbers].		1967	6082776
[the dose response relations in geotropic and phototropic stimulation: comparison of mono-with dicotyledonous plants].	the increase in the geotropic curvatures of avena coleoptiles and lens epicotyls is linear and proportional to the time of stimulation. with low stimulation the sensitivities of both objects are equal; with longer stimulation the curvature of avena coleoptiles is somewhat greater.to increased phototropic irradiance lens epicotyls react with a first and a second positive curvature. between the two ranges of curvature (from about 10,000 up to 1,000,000 lx · sec) they are phototropically insensitiv ...	1967	24522545
kinetics of growth retardant and hormone interactions in affecting cucumber hypocotyl elongation.	the capacities of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and gibberellin a(3) (ga(3)) to counteract the inhibitory effects of (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (ccc), 2-isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidinecarboxylate methyl chloride (amo-1618), and n,n-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid (b-995) on hypocotyl elongation in light-grown cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) seedlings were investigated. one mug of ga(3) applied to the shoot tip was sufficient to completely nullify the effect of 10 mu ...	1967	16656555
[gel filtration of ascorbic acid oxidase in cucumbers (cucurbita pepo)].		1967	4971157
isolation and identification of indole-3-ethanol (tryptophol) from cucumber seedlings.	crude ether extracts of green shoots of cucumis sativus l. promoted the elongation of cucumber hypocotyl segments. purification of the extract was accomplished by deae cellulose, silicic acid, and magnesium silicate chromatography followed by gel filtration and preparative thin layer chromatography. identification of the growth promoter as indole-3-ethanol was achieved by mass spectrometry, thin layer and gas chromatography, and ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy, as well as by physiological c ...	1967	16656532
[virus particles in phloem exudate from cucumis sativus l. after infection by cucumis virus 2 a].	sieve tube sap obtained from cucumber plants infected by cucumis virus 2 a induced the typical mosaic disease when it was inoculated into healthy plants of the same species. the infectious factor could not be removed by dialysis or by treatment with phosphodiesterase. therefore it is improbable that the virus is transported in the sieve tubes as low molecular units or as an unprotected rna. rod shaped particles (345×23 mμ) were found in the infectious sieve tube sap when it was investigated by e ...	1967	24554368
properties of a plant virus-induced rna polymerase in cucumbers infected with cucumber mosaic virus.		1968	5684122
contents and recovery of gibberellins in monoecious and gynoecious cucumber plants.	diffusates from seedlings and root exudates from 6-week-old plants of a monoecious line of cucumber, cucumis sativus l., contained considerably higher levels of gibberellin-(ga-) like substances than did those from plants of an isogenic gynoecious line. most of the ga-like activity was found in a chromatogram region typical of ga(1) and ga(3); some activity, particularly in root exudates, appeared also at an r(f) similar to that of ga(4) and ga(7).when seedlings were treated with (3)h-labeled ga ...	1968	16656843
bloater formation by gas-forming lactic acid bacteria in cucumber fermentations.	the formation of "bloaters" (hollow stock) in cucumbers brined for salt-stock purposes at 5 to 10% salt has been associated with gaseous fermentation caused chiefly by yeasts. recently, serious early bloater damage, not attributable to yeasts, has been observed in commercial-scale experiments on control of bloaters in overnight dill pickles brined in 50-gal barrels at 3.0 to 4.5% salt. growth of fermentative species of yeasts was effectively controlled by the addition of 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1% so ...	1968	16349808
[biological value of hydroponically grown cucumbers and tomatoes].		1969	4312646
wall modifications in developing giant cells of vicia faba and cucumis sativus induced by root knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica.		1969	5799564
the effects of tentoxin on chlorophyll synthesis and plastid structure in cucumber and cabbage.	to determine if chlorosis caused by tentoxin, a toxin produced by alternaria tenuis nees., is due to interference with chlorophyll synthesis directly or to disruption of normal chloroplast development, the effects of the toxin on these processes in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) and cabbage (brassica oleracea l., var. capitata) were studied. cucumber cotyledons are highly sensitive to the toxin but exhibited no interference with the conversion of protochlorophyll(ide) to chlorophyll(ide) or with ...	1970	5463696
properties of a plant virus-induced rna polymerase in particulate fractions of cucumbers infected with cucumber mosaic virus.		1970	5474461
dioecism in cucumbers, cucumis sativus l.		1970	17248476
effect of the hypocotyl hook on greening in etiolated cucumber cotyledons.	four-day-old etiolated cucumber cotyledons (cucumis sativus, l.) were excised and allowed to green in white fluorescent light at 28 c. cotyledons excised with a full hypocotyl hook exhibited a lag phase of 1 hour before entering the rapid greening phase, whereas cotyledons excised without any hypocotyl hook exhibited a lag phase of 6 hours. cotyledons excised with varying lengths of hypocotyl hook accumulated chlorophyll roughly in proportion to the hook length. when cotyledons were excised with ...	1970	16657533
ribonucleic acid synthesis by cucumber chromatin: developmental and hormone-induced changes.	when intact etiolated 2-day cucumber (cucumis sativus) embryos were treated with indoleacetic acid (iaa), gibberellin a(7) (ga(7)), or kinetin, chromatin derived from the embryonic axes exhibited an increased capacity to support rna synthesis in either the presence or the absence of bacterial rna polymerase. an iaa effect on cucumber rna polymerase activity was evident after 4 hours of hormone treatment; the iaa effect on dna template activity (bacterial rna polymerase added) occurred after long ...	1970	16657509
porphyrin biosynthesis in cell-free homogenates from higher plants.	the porphyrin and phorbin biosynthetic activity of etiolated cucumber (cucumis sativus, l.) cotyledons was compared to that of cotyledonary homogenates. etiolated cotyledons incubated with delta-aminolevulinic acid accumulate protoporphyrin, coproporphyrin, small amounts of mg protoporphyrin monoester, and trace amounts of uroporphyrin. they also incorporate 4-(14)c-delta-aminolevulinic acid into free porphyrins, protochlorophyllide, protochlorophyllide phytyl ester, and mg protoporphyrin monoes ...	1970	16657503
sex expression in cucumber plants as affected by 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, ethylene, and growth regulators.	the effects of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethrel), ethylene, and some growth retardants on sex expression of cucumber plants (cucumis sativus l.) were investigated, with the use of a monoecious cultivar (improved long green) which has a strong tendency toward maleness.ethrel caused increased femaleness when applied at 50 milligrams per liter at the first to the third leaf stage, but when applied at the cotyledon stage it was ineffective. the later the time of application, the higher the node ...	1970	16657476
polyacrylamide gel analysis of high molecular weight ribonucleic acid from etiolated and green cucumber cotyledons.	cucumis sativus l. seeds and 5-day-old dark-grown cotyledons contain 25 and 18 s cytoplasmic ribosomal rnas as main components. the major increase in nucleic acid content in both green and etiolated cotyledons occurs between days 5 and 7 of germination. this increase is characterized by an important synthesis of 23 and 16 s plastid (chloroplast and proplastid) ribosomal rnas. proplastid rna synthesis appears to continue for a longer period in the dark-grown cotyledons, despite a total rna conten ...	1970	16657426
photochlorophyll biosynthesis in cucumber (cucumis sativus, l.) cotyledons.	the formation of protochlorophyllide and protochlorophyllide phytyl ester was investigated during etioplast biogenesis in order to study the biosynthetic relation of these two compounds. protochlorophyllide accumulates slowly during the first 2 days of germination, its rate of formation increases sharply during the 3rd day, and then it decreases. protochlorophyllide phytyl ester starts accumulating a day later; its formation coincides with the initiation of xanthophyll biosynthesis. kinetic anal ...	1970	16657422
the integration of chemical control of the melon aphid with predatory control of glasshouse red spider mite on cucumbers.		1971	5133522
translocation of nickel in xylem exudate of plants.	topped plants of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum), cucumber (cucumis sativus), corn (zea mays), carrot (daucus carota), and peanut (arachis hypogaea) were treated with 0.5 to 50 micromolar ni (containing (63)ni) in nutrient solutions. xylem exudate was collected for 10 hours or, in the case of corn, for 20 hours at 5-hour intervals. electrophoresis of nutrient solution distributed all ni cathodically as inorganic ni(2+). low concentrations of ni in tomato exudate migrated anodically, presumably ...	1971	16657780
further comparisons between carbowax 6000 and mannitol as suppressants of cucumber hypocotyl elongation.	stirring largely eliminated the greater effectiveness of carbowax 6000 compared to mannitol in reducing cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) hypocotyl section elongation. stirring increased elongation in water but reduced elongation in growth regulator solution. shrinkage of cells without plasmolysis in hypertonic carbowax solutions indicates that carbowax 6000 did not penetrate cell walls. sections prevented from elongating during pretreatment exposure to saturated air grew as much as those not pretre ...	1971	16657829
microbodies (glyoxysomes and peroxisomes) in cucumber cotyledons: correlative biochemical and ultrastructural study in light- and dark-grown seedlings.	the changes in activities of glyoxysomal and peroxisomal enzymes have been correlated with the fine structure of microbodies in cotyledons of the cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) during the transition from fat degradation to photosynthesis in light-grown plants, and in plants grown in the dark and then exposed to light. during early periods of development in the light (days 2 through 4), the microbodies (glyoxysomes) are interspersed among lipid bodies and contain relatively high activities of glyo ...	1971	16657820
cucumber beetle resistance and mite susceptibility controlled by the bitter gene in cucumis sativus l.	antibiotic and nonpreference mechanisms are related in cucumber through the action of the bi gene and the absence of cucurbitacins. cucurbitacins attract cucumber beetles and cause feeding whereas they have an antibiotic effect on two-spotted mites.	1971	17839822
effect of the hypocotyl hook on chlorophyll accumulation in excised cotyledons of cucumis sativus l.	hypocotyl hooks have been shown to influence greening in excised cucumber (cucumis sativus) cotyledons. the properties of the lag phase are greatly affected by the presence or absence of the hook tissue. a 45-second light pretreatment followed by 4 hours of darkness is sufficient to remove the lag phase from cotyledons with hooks, while hookless cotyledons require 2 hours of continuous illumination followed by 1 hour of dark incubation to break the lag phase. the effect of hooks on cotyledon gre ...	1971	16657689
morphactin-induced parthenocarpy in the cucumber.	parthenocarpy was induced in cucumber cucumis sativus l. by foliar application of morphactin. morphactin (chlorfluorenol) was most effective in inducing parthenocarpy when applied in the flowering stage, and the response was enhanced by prior treatment with ethrel (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid). morphactin stimulated pistillate flower development in a monoecious cultivar but did not modify sex expression of a gynoecious line.	1971	17742578
ribosomes and polysomes in cucumber leaves during growth and senescence.	the quantity of rna in the ribosomal fraction of the first leaf of cucumber (cucumis sativus) increases during growth, reaches a maximum before the final fresh weight is attained, and then decreases. the main changes are in the free ribosome fraction, the quantity of membrane-bound ribosomes remaining about constant. few 65.5s chloroplast ribosomes are present in small leaves; however, they increase in quantity rapidly during growth and form about half of the ribosomes present in the mature full ...	1971	16657615
chlorophyll biosynthesis in a cell-free system from higher plants.	a crude homogenate obtained from greening cucumber (cucumis sativus, l.) cotyledons in tris-sucrose, ph 7.7, containing coenzyme a, glutathione, potassium phosphate, ph 7.7, methyl alcohol, magnesium, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and adenosine triphosphate, is able to incorporate 4-(14)c-delta-aminolevulinic acid into chlorophyll a and b in the presence of oxygen. if the homogenates are prepared from etiolated cotyledons which have been exposed to light for two and one-half hours, (14)c-ch ...	1971	5543782
protochlorophyll biosynthesis in a cell-free system from higher plants.	a cell free system prepared from etiolated cucumber (cucumis sativus, l) in tris-sucrose buffer is able to incorporate delta-aminolevulinic acid-4- (14)c into the two components of protochlorophyll: protochlorophyllide and protochlorophyllide ester. the activity is associated with the etioplasts. optimal incorporation is obtained at ph 7.7. for the formation of protochlorphyllide ester, oxygen, reduced glutathione, methyl alcohol, magnesium, inorganic phosphate, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleo ...	1971	5543781
introduction of pseudomonas aeruginosa into a hospital via vegetables.	pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from tomatoes, radishes, celery, carrots, endive, cabbage, cucumbers, onions, and lettuce obtained from the kitchen of a general hospital, with tomatoes yielding both highest frequencies of isolation and highest counts. presence of p. aeruginosa on the hands of kitchen personnel and cutting boards and knives which they used suggests acquisition of the organism through contact with these vegetables. it is estimated that a patient consuming an average portion of ...	1972	4628795
[soft rot and wilt of cucumbers caused by pseudomonas burgeri (pot.)].		1972	4663475
isolation and identification of the gibberellins of cucumis sativus and cucumis melo.	thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry were used to identify gibberellins isolated from mature seeds of both cucumis sativus (cucumber) and cucumis melo (muskmelon). the gibberellins were extracted and purified by organic solvent fractionation, paper and thin-layer chromatography, and crystallization. seeds of c. sativus were found to contain gibberellins a1, a3, a4, and a7 with a1 the predominant species. seeds of c. melo contained gibberellins a1 and a3 and ...	1972	24481557
ethylene: a natural regulator of sex expression of cucumis melo l.	sex expression in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) and muskmelon (c. melo l.) was correlated with endogenous ethylene production. plants of gynoecious (all female) sex types of the two species produced more ethylene than monoecius (male-female) plants. c. melo plants of a gynoecious sex type that normally produce only pistillate (female) flowers, when grown with hypobaric ventilation to facilitate removal of endogenous gases by diffusion, produced perfect (hermaphroditic) flowers. when either the p ...	1972	16591971
the level of phytohormones in monoecious and gynoecious cucumbers as affected by photoperiod and ethephon.	the endogenous levels of auxin, gibberellin, and inhibitors were followed in monoecious and gynoecious cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) plants, and in plants treated with the ethylene-releasing compound ethephon (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid). higher auxin inhibitor and lower gibberellin levels were associated with female tendency. the endogenous level of gibberellin and auxin decreased in ethephon-treated plants. application of ethephon induced a rise in abscisic acid. root application of abscisi ...	1972	16658222
stimulation by ethylene of chlorophyll biosynthesis in dark-grown cucumber cotyledons.	five-day-old etiolated cucumber (cucumis sativus l. var. alpha green) cotyledons produced more chlorophyll over a 4-hour illumination period after a prolonged exposure (12 to 72 hours) in the dark to ethylene concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 mul/l. intact seedlings and excised cotyledons responded in the same way to this treatment. this effect does not involve a shortening of the lag phase of chlorophyll accumulation. exposure of cotyledons to ethylene during the illumination period did not ...	1972	16658183
ethylene evolution from cucumber plants as related to sex expression.	ethylene evolved from monoecious and gynoecious cucumber (cucumis sativus) plants grown under short and long day conditions was determined. more ethylene was evolved from floral buds and apices bearing buds than from whole seedlings of comparable weight. more ethylene also was evolved from apices of the gynoecious than from those of the monoecious type. furthermore, quantities evolved from female buds were greater than from male ones and plants grown under short day conditions which promote fema ...	1972	16658100
isolation of indole-3-ethanol oxidase from cucumber seedlings.	previous work in this laboratory has shown that cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) seedlings contain large amounts, relative to other indolic compounds, of extractable indole-3-ethanol (iet); tracer studies have established that iet is metabolized to iaa. we have now succeeded in isolating an enzyme from these seedlings which catalyzes the oxidation of iet to indole-3-acetaldehyde (iaald). the identification of the product as iaald was based on solvent partitioning of the free aldehyde and its bisulf ...	1972	16658035
mineral nutrient requirements of cucumber seedlings.	mineral nutrient requirements for maximum growth rate of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) seedlings are estimated on the basis of three criteria. 1. the optimal weight proportions among the nutrients present in the seedlings. in relation to n = 100, close to 75 k, 13 p, 9 ca, and 9 mg are required. 2. the optimal ratio between the nitrogen sources nh(4) and no(3) in the solution. the best growth is recorded with about equivalent amounts. nitrate alone is also highly productive. cucumber prefers nit ...	1973	16658558
induction of nitrate reductase by chloramphenicol in detached cucumber cotyledons.	chloramphenicol (cap) induced nitrate reductase activity (nra) in detached, etiolated cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) cotyledons. the effect was reduced by cycloheximide. light was not necessary for induction of the enzyme but potentiated the effect of cap as an inducer of nra, despite the fact that the antibiotic inhibited chlorophyll accumulation.cap at suboptimal concentrations (2.5-5 mm) acted synergistically with succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (b-nine) and benzylaminopurine (bap) in resp ...	1973	24458789
isolation of novel conjugated gibberellins from cucumis sativus seed.		1973	4775437
influence of temperature and humidity on microbial, enzymatic, and physical changes of stored, pickling cucumbers.	pickling cucumbers stored at five temperatures and four relative humidities were examined for growth of eight microbial groups, the activities of two enzyme systems (pectinolytic and cellulolytic), and weight loss. twenty-four storage tests for 6 days each were conducted during the 2-year study. in general, microbial populations of the eight groups increased rapidly at the higher temperature (>21 c) and humidity (>70%) treatments. moisture loss of the cucumbers was rapid with combinations of hig ...	1973	4767299
application of chemicals in organic solvents to dry seeds.	various chemicals were applied to dry seeds by means of organic solvents. the gibberellic acid-treated (1 mm) lettuce seeds (lactuca sativa l.) germinated nearly 100% in the dark even after prolonged storage, and those treated with abscisic acid (1 mm or 0.5 mm) failed to germinate in the light. the seedlings emerging from morphactin-treated (1 mm) cucumber seeds (cucumis sativus l.) exhibited profound changes in morphology. different combinations of hormones applied to lettuce seeds caused a pr ...	1973	16658505
thigmomorphogenesis: the response of plant growth and development to mechanical stimulation : with special reference to bryonia dioica.	when young plants of hordeum vulgare. bryonia dioica. cucumis sativus. phaseolus vulgaris. mimosa pudica. and ricinus communis. were given a gentle mechanical stimulus by rubbing the internodes for about 10 s once or twice daily, elongation was significantly retarded. plants of cucurbita pepo pisum sativum and triticum aestivum did not exhibit any such response. the initial response to rubbing was very rapid, elongation stopping less than 3 min after application of the stimulus. when the stimulu ...	1973	24458719
the biosynthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid in higher plants: ii. formation of c-delta-aminolevulinic acid from labeled precursors in greening plant tissues.	delta-aminolevulinic acid was accumulated by greening cucumber (cucumis sativus l. var. alpha green) cotyledons, barley (hordeum sativum var. numar) leaves, and bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. var. red kidney) leaves in the presence of various (14)c-labeled precursors and levulinic acid, a competitive inhibitor of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase. the radioactivity in the accumulated delta-aminolevulinic acid was measured.the most effective labeled precursors were the 5 carbon dicarboxylic compou ...	1974	16658694
iron requirement and iron uptake from various iron compounds by different plant species.	the fe requirements of four monocotyledonous plant species (avena sativa l., triticum aestivum l., oryza sativa l., zea mays l.) and of three dicotyledonous species (lycopersicum esculentum mill., cucumis sativus l., glycine maxima (l.) merr.) in hydroponic cultures were ascertained. fe was given as nafe-eddha chelate (fe ethylenediamine di (o-hydroxyphenylacetate). i found that the monocotyledonous species required a substantially higher fe concentration in the nutrient solution in order to att ...	1974	16658933
multiple amine oxidases in cucumber seedlings.	cell-free extracts of cucumber (cucumis sativus l. cv. national pickling) seedlings were found to have amine oxidase activity when assayed with tryptamine as a substrate. studies of the effect of lowered ph on the extract indicated that this activity was heterogeneous, and three amine oxidases could be separated by ion exchange chromatography. the partially purified enzymes were tested for their activities with several substrates and for their sensitivities to various amine oxidase inhibitors. o ...	1974	16658936
biological suppression of weeds: evidence for allelopathy in accessions of cucumber.	cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) accessions from 41 nations were grown with two indicator species in a search for superior competitors. of the plant introductions tested, one inhibited indicator plant growth by 87 percent and 25 inhibited growth by 50 percent or more. the toxicity of leachates from pots containing inhibitory cucumbers to indicator plants germinated in separate containers suggested allelopathy. incorporation of an allelopathic character into a crop cultivar could provide the plant w ...	1974	17794306
two copper-containing proteins from cucumber (cucumis sativus).		1974	4367984
localization of stem elongation control in cucumis sativus l.	reciprocal grafts, and applications of gibberellin (ga) and indoleacetic acid (iaa) were used to localize the site of control for stem elongation in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). dwarf and tall plants were reciprocally grafted to determine influence of stems and roots on stem elongation. at 21 days there were no significant differences in length between stems grafted to their own roots and those grafted to roots of the other type. ga(3), ga(4+7), and iaa were applied to seedlings with and witho ...	1974	16658820
density-labelling evidence for the blue-light-mediated activation of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in cucumis sativus seedlings.		1974	4407029
the role of the cotyledons in the photocontrol of hypocotyl extension in cucumis sativus l.	extension growth of the hypocotyl of de-etiolated cucumber seedlings is inhibited by blue and red light, the latter operating through the phytochrome system. the major part of the inhibition due to red light is mediated through the cotyledons which transmit the effect to the hypocotyl. on the other hand, blue light acts directly upon the hypocotyl, the cotyledons apparently not being involved. thus, there is a morphological separation of spectral sensitivity. the role of the cotyledons is eviden ...	1974	24458299
the biosynthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid in higher plants: i. accumulation of delta-aminolevulinic acid in greening plant tissues.	delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase activity in cucumber (cucumis sativus l. var. alpha green) cotyledons did not change as the tissue was allowed to green for 24 hours. delta-aminolevulinic acid accumulated in greening cucumber cotyledons, and barley (hordeum sativum l. var. numar) and bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. var. red kidney) leaves incubated in the presence of levulinic acid, a specific competitive inhibitor of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase. the rate of delta-aminolevulinic acid accu ...	1974	16658693
induction of porphyrin synthesis in etiolated bean leaves by chelators of iron.	primary leaves of 7- to 9-day-old etiolated seedlings of phaseolus vulgaris l. var. red kidney infiltrated in darkness with aqueous solutions of alpha, alpha'-dipyridyl, o-phenanthroline, pyridine-2-aldoxime, pyridine-2-aldehyde, 8-hydroxyquinoline, or picolinic acid synthesize large amounts of magnesium protoporphyrin monomethyl ester and lesser amounts of magnesium protoporphyrin, protoporphyrin, and protochlorophyllide. pigment formation proceeds in a linear manner for up to 21 hours after va ...	1974	16658677
biosynthesis and metabolism of cucurbitacins and sterols at early stages of development of cucumis sativus l plants.		1974	4440346
[auxin-ethylene interactions in the thigmotropic response of cucumber tendrils].	coiling of intact or excised cucumber (cucumis sativus) tendrils can be induced by iaa or ethylene. the velocity of coiling in different regions of the tendrils correlates with the capacity for auxin-stimulated ethylene synthesis. ethylene (ethephon) induces an increase in membrane permeability of tendrils, and as a result the efflux of substances previously taken up (glucose) is stimulated. it is assumed that this may contribute to the contraction of the ventral side of the tendril. the excreti ...	1974	24458463
fine structure of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids of the sea cucumbers cucumaria lubrica and leptosynapta clarki (echinodermata: holothuroidea).		1974	4434278
comparative studies of glyoxysomes from various fatty seedlings.	the separation of various organelles from cotton cotyledon (gossypium hirsutum l.), cucumber cotyledon (cucumis sativus l.), peanut cotyledon (archis hypogaea l.), pine megagametophyte (pinus ponderosa laws), and watermelon cotyledon (citrullus vulgaris schrad.) by sucrose density gradient centrifugation was found to be similar to that described for castor bean endosperm (ricinus communis l.). equilibrium densities were 1.12 to 1.13 g cm(3) for endoplasmic reticulum, 1.17 to 1.19 g/cm(3) for mit ...	1975	16659183
effects of tentoxin on enzymic activities in cucumber and cabbage cotyledons.	tentoxin, produced by alternaria alternata (fr.) keissl. causes severe variegated chlorosis in germinating seedlings of certain dicotyledonous species. however, it does not impair radicle and hypocotyl elongation or cotyledon expansion. effects of the toxin on the activity of selected enzymes from both chloroplasts and cytoplasm were determined. cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), which is highly sensitive to tentoxin and cabbage (brassica oleracea l.), which is resistant, were used as test plants. t ...	1975	1171367
viability of vibrio cholerae biotype el tor and of cholera phage on vegetables.	different vegetables were contaminated with sewage water containing large amounts of el tor vibrios, and the viability of these vibrios was studied under defined conditions of storage. during the dry season (summer) in jerusalem, the el tor vibrios survived for up to 24 hr on parsley, 24 to 30 hr on tomatoes and carrots, 24 to 48 hr on cucumbers, peppers and okra and two to three days on lettuce, when the vegetables were stored at room temperature. the survival time was longer during the rainy s ...	1975	1184361
microbial inhibition by an isolate of pediococcus from cucumber brines.	we reported earlier that pediococcus cerevisiae fbb-61 inhibited lactobacillus plantarum fbb-67 in mixed species inoculation used for the fermentation of brined cucumbers. herein, 16 isolates of the pediococcus genus from various sources were tested for inhibitory activity against l. plantarum and other microorganisms by a seeded-agar screening technique. only two of the 16 isolates gave consistent and distinctive zones of inhibition, and both were isolated from fermenting cucumber brines on sep ...	1975	16350041
[on the phenolic acids of vegetables. ii. hydroxycinnamic acids and hydroxybenzoic acids of fruit and seed vegetables (author's transl)].	fruits of solanaceae (tomatoes, eggplant, and sweet peppers) almost exclusively contain hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives with caffeic acid dominating. fruits of cucurbitaceae (cucumbers, melons, pumpkins, and zucchini) are extraordinary, because they show very low concentrations of phenolic acids (up to 10 mg/kg) accumulated in the peels. peas and broad beans have relatively small contents of phenolic acids too. their husks show like beans considerable concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acid deri ...	1975	1224795
cytochemical demonstration of malate synthase and glycolate oxidase in microbodies of cucumber cotyledons.	the cytochemical localizations of malate synthase (glyoxysomal marker) and glycolate oxidase (peroxisomal marker) have been examined in cotyledon segments and sucrose-gradient fractions from germinated cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) seedlings. the seedlings were grown in the dark for 4 days, transferred to 4 hours of continuous light, then returned to the dark for 24 hours. under these conditions, high specific activities for both glyoxysomal and peroxisomal enzymes are maintained in cotyledon ho ...	1975	16659378
p-hydroxybenzoate synthase: a complex associated with mitochondrial membranes of roots of cucumis sativus.		1975	5305
[electrophoretical differentiation and classification of proteins. vi. disc-electrophoresis and isoelectrical focossing of proteins and enzymes from tomatoes, cucumber, sugar-maize and onions (author's transl)].	acetone-dry powders which are excellently suited for the enrichment of proteins and partially also for enzymes, have been extracted with buffers. separation was accomplished using disc-electrophoresis and isoelectrical focusing. the protein distribution patterns of fleshy tomatoe varieties largly correspond to each other. in the protein distribution patterns of cucumbers, sugar-maize and onions, the protein pherograms indicate sort-dependency. the zymograms partially differ very much. this can n ...	1975	1202837
parthenocarpic fruit development from grafted ovaries of cucuminis sativus l.	reciprocal cleft and pistillate floral bud grafts were made between parthenocarpic ;fertilla' and nonparthenocarpic ;msu 713-5' cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) lines to localize the site for stimulation of parthenocarpic fruit set. no fruit set on ;msu 713-5' controls, scion grafted to ;fertilla,' or rootstock with ;fertilla' as the scion. ;fertilla' controls, rootstock, and scions all produced parthenocarpic fruit when grafted to ;msu 713-5.' when pistillate floral buds of ;msu 713-5' were grafte ...	1975	16659220
influences of photoperiodism and light treatments during fruits storage on the phytochrome and on the germination of cucumis prophetarum l. and cucumis sativus l. seeds.	day length, temperature, light quality and hormone treatments given to plants during the ripening of their seeds have been shown to influence the subsequent germination of these seeds. the present work demonstrates that the light conditions, sd, ld or continuous dark, red or far-red light, during storage of ripe fruits of cucumis prophetarum and cucumis sativum strongly influence the capacity of seeds, later removed from these fruits, to germinate in darkness.direct measurement of phytochrome in ...	1975	28308813
some morphogenic differences between monoecious and gynoecious cucumber seedlings as related to ethylene production.	exposure of gibberellic acid-treated seedlings of a monoecious cucumber cultivar ;chipper' (cucumis sativus l.) to ethylene caused thickening of the hypocotyl, inhibited longitudinal growth, and had no effect on fresh weight. downward curvature of cotyledons was increased by the presence of ethylene. a gynoecious breeding line, ;gy 3,' had thicker hypocotyls and displayed its cotyledons in a more downward position than ;chipper'. excised hypocotyls of the gynoecious seedlings produced three time ...	1975	16659081
purification and quantitative changes of mitochondrial dna in etiolated cucumber seedlings.	the mtdna (mitochondrial dna) extracted from etiolated seedlings of cucumis sativus l. has been purified by a three-step procedure: rnase and pronase treatment, bio-gel filtration, analytical cscl gradient centrifugation. this procedure appeared rapid, suitable for small quantities of dna and gave highly reproducible results. it was used to follow the quantitative variation of the mtdna in hypocotyls and cotyledons of dark-grown cucumber seedlings.the major feature occurring during the etiolatio ...	1975	24435341
the influence of the growth retardant ccc on endogenous gibberellin in cucumber seedlings.	the gibberellin content of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) roots and green organs from (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (ccc)-treated seeds was equal to or even higher than in the water controls. the main difference between control and growth retardant-treated seedlings was expressed in the differential distribution of the endogenous gibberellin between its free and bound forms.	1975	24435302
studies on phospholipid-synthesizing enzyme activities during the growth of etiolated cucumber cotyledons.	the enzymatic incorporation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate into lipid by extracts of cucumber (cucumis sativus) cotyledons showed an absolute requirement for atp (saturation 2 mm). the incorporation was stimulated 4-fold by 0.2 mm oleate. ethyldiaminetetraacetate stimulated the incorporation at concentrations below 1 mm and inhibited at higher concentrations. mg(2+) did not affect the reaction. triton x-100 and cutscum inhibited the reaction, while a third detergent, span 80, was stimulatory. p-merc ...	1975	16659017
localization and metabolites of aminotriazines and chlorophenoxyacetic acid in cucumber (cucumis sativus, l.).		1975	1063675
effect of acid and salt concentration in fresh-pack pickles on the growth of clostridium botulinum spores.	the addition of various amounts of acetic acid to pureed cucumbers inoculated with clostridium botulinum spores has shown that outgrowth is inhibited at ph 4.8 but not at ph 5.0. inoculation experiments with whole cucumbers showed that as little as 0.9% acetic acid in the brine was sufficient to prevent outgrowth from spore inocula as high as 10(6)/cucumber. it was further shown that the rapid rate of acetic acid penetration into fresh-pack pickles prevents the growth of any c. botulinum spores ...	1976	9898
transport and metabolism of h-gibberellin a(1) in dioecious cucumber seedlings.	the transport of (3)h-ga(1) through hypocotyl segments of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) was found to be nonpolar. the transport of (3)h-ga(1) was increased by pretreatment with relatively high concentrations of either iaa or ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid). hypocotyl segments from plants of a gynoecious genotype transported more (3)h-ga(1) than those of an androecious. the metabolism of (3)h-ga(1) in hypocotyl segments was neither related to the sex genotype of the cucumber plant nor inf ...	1976	16659561
the heterogeneity of phloem exudate proteins from different plants: a comparative survey of ten plants using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.	proteins in sieve tube exudate from ricinus communis l., acer pseudoplatanus l., aesculus hippocastanum l., cucumis melo l., and two cultivars each of cucumis sativus l., cucurbita pepo l. and cucurbita maxima duchesne were fractionated and compared using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. striking differences in major exudate proteins were displayed among the genera and species examined. even cultivars within a single species, although showing general similarities, differed in some prominent p ...	1976	24424985