Publications
Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
---|
natural product inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase i and ii isoenzymes: osajin and pomiferin. | the aim of this study is to purify carbonic anhydrase i and ii isoenzymes from human erythrocyte, isolate two natural products osajin (osj) and pomiferin (pmf) from maclura pomifera fruits, and evaluate the in vitro effect of these natural metabolites on these isoenzymes. these natural products may be used as starting points for drug discovery (like drugs used in several therapeutic applications, including antiglaucoma activity). for the purification procedure, the sepharose-4b-l-tyrosine-sulpho ... | 0 | 28338341 |
preliminary note on the cottony scale of the osage orange. | 1893 | 17729779 | |
osage orange pigments; complete structures of osajin and pomiferin. | 1946 | 21015734 | |
a phytochemical investigation of the fruit of maclura pomifera (rafinesque) schneider. iii. color tests, paper chromatography, and infrared spectra of lurenol, lupeol, and their derivatives. | 1952 | 12990533 | |
a phytochemical investigation of the fruit of maclura pomifera (rafinesque) schneider. | 1952 | 12990532 | |
a phytochemical investigation of the fruit of maclura pomifera (rafinesque) schneider. i. | 1952 | 12990531 | |
the anti-fungal activity of an aqueous extract of osage orange wood. | 1953 | 13092236 | |
the lectins of maclura pomifera: zymographic studies, distribution in the developing plant and production in tissue cultures of epicotyls. | 1967 | 6019724 | |
the distribution and characterization of the erythrocyte. receptors in man and animals for lectins from maclura pomifera. | 1967 | 4167911 | |
binding of maclura pomifera lectin to rat lymphoid cells and erythrocytes. | 1973 | 4584403 | |
isolation and characterization of maclura pomifera (mp) lectin. | 1974 | 4417994 | |
isolation of 19alpha-h-lupeol from maclura pomifera. | a reinvestigation of the constituents of the osage orange (maclura pomifera) yielded, in addition to the previously reported triterpenses (lupeol, butyrospermol, and lupan-3beta,20-diol), the pigments osajin and pomiferin, and a previously unreported constituent. the structure of this new compound was investigated. on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical data, it appeared to be an epimer of lupeol and is referred to as 19alpha-h-lupeol. | 1975 | 1133680 |
antifreeze glycoproteins from antarctic fish. inactivation by borate. | antifreeze glycoprotein, which has previously been shown to be inactive in the presence of borate, migrates electrophoretically as the borate complex, presumably through formation of borate complexes with hydroxyl groups on the sugar side chains. antifreeze glycoprotein (5 mg/ml) has been found to be completely active in the presence of 0.1 m borate at ph 7, but inactive at ph 9. a titration curve of ph versus the antifreeze activity of glycoprotein (5 mg/ml) in 0.1 m borate showed a progressive ... | 1976 | 5450 |
a carbohydrate-deficient membrane glycoprotein in human erythrocytes of phenotype s-s-. | 1. we investigated the membranes of human erythrocytes which completely lack the blood-group antigens s and s (denoted as s-s-) as part of a study of the structure and function of the surface glycoproteins of the human erythrocyte. 2. the s-s-erythrocyte-membrane glycoprotein pas-3 band was much less intensely stained in comparison with that of the glycoprotein from normal erythrocyte membranes. the s-s-membrane glycoprotein pas-4 band also showed decreased staining. 3. examination with the lect ... | 1977 | 889570 |
purification and properties of the hemagglutinin from maclura pomifera seeds. | maclura promifera seeds contain a protein which agglutinates human erythrocytes at concentrations as low as 4 ng/ml. this property is related to its ability to bind with high specificity various alpha-d-galactopyranosides. the agglutinin, which was pruified by affinity adsorption, exhibits one band on immunoelectrophoresis and displays one peak during ultracentrifugation, isoelectric focusing, and gel permeation chromatography. the active protein has a molecular weight of 40 000-43 000 and conta ... | 1977 | 588553 |
studies on lectins. xxxvi. properties of some lectins prepared by affinity chromatography on o-glycosyl polyacrylamide gels. | a number of lectins has been purified by affinity chromatography on o-glycosyl polyacrylamide gels. the lectins isolated (and the particular sugar ligands used in the affinity carriers) are as follows: anguilla anguilla, serum (alpha-l-fucosyl-), vicia cracca, seeds; phaseolus lunatus, seeds; glycine soja, seeds; dolichos biflorus, seeds; maclura pomifera, seeds; sarothamnus scoparius, seeds; helix pomatia, ablumin glands; clitocybe nebularis, fruiting bodies (all n-acetyl-alpha-d-galactosaminyl ... | 1978 | 563738 |
cytotoxicity of lymphoid cells induced by maclura pomifera (mp) lectin. | 1979 | 311694 | |
interaction of lectins with neisseria gonorrhoeae. | fifty-four strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae were examined for their ability to be agglutinated by various lectins. wheat germ agglutinin, ricin, soybean lectin, and peanut agglutinin agglutinated all strains tested. dolichos biflorus, sophora japonica, maclura pomifera, ulex europaeus, lens culinaris, canavalia ensiformis, phaseolus lunatus, and bandeiraea simplicifolia bs i and bs ii lectins either failed to agglutinate or agglutinated some strains but not others. agglutination of gonococci by ... | 1980 | 6155190 |
a new human erythrocyte variant (ph) containing an abnormal membrane sialoglycoprotein. | 1. a new human erythrocyte variant (ph) is described. the variant contains an unusual sialic acid-rich glycoprotein in addition to the blood-group-mn([unk])- and blood-group-ss(delta)-active sialoglycoproteins found in normal erythrocytes. 2. the unusual component ph has an apparent mol.wt. of 32000 on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. the ph component is not degraded during trypsin treatment of intact erythrocytes. 3. the ph component was labelled by lacto-peroxidase-m ... | 1980 | 7396858 |
circular dichroism tests on the effect of alkali on conformation of lectins. | the structural properties of eight lectins (agglutinins) were studied by the circular dichroism (cd) probe. the lectin from maclura pomifera (osage orange seed) exhibited in the far-ultraviolet spectral zone a positive cd band centered at 201 nm, whereas the other lectins had positive bands at 195--198 nm. structural transitions were effected by alkali, ph 9.6--11.9. native m. pomifera lectin had a positive cd band also at 236 nm which shifted to the red and enhanced by alkali. significant indiv ... | 1980 | 7192161 |
antimicrobial components from maclura pomifera fruit. | 1981 | 7280089 | |
immunochemical studies on the carbohydrate specificity of maclura pomifera lectin. | 1981 | 7283438 | |
five structurally related proteins from affinity-purified maclura pomifera lectin. | affinity-purified maclura pomifera lectin (mpl) elutes from a gel filtration column as a single symmetrical peak with characteristics expected for a single protein of approximately 40 000 daltons. this material can be dissociated into two dissimilar polypeptide chains of approximately 10 000 daltons. ion-exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose resolves affinity-purified mpl into five components. these proteins are structurally related and contain varying proportions of the two polypeptide chai ... | 1981 | 7236627 |
lectins as markers of human epidermal cell differentiation. | the expression of sugar residues on human epidermal cells was investigated by means of lectin binding, as a way of determining membrane structural changes occurring during the differentiation of the epidermis. fourteen lectins of different sugar specificity were conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc-lectins) and tested in fluorescence microscopy on frozen sections of normal human epidermis. in parallel, fitc-lectins were tested on psoriatic-involved epidermis to visualize differences ... | 1982 | 6816653 |
isolation of the maclura pomifera hemagglutinin on a deoxymelibiotol affinity support and preliminary characterization by buffer electrofocusing and high-performance liquid chromatography. | maclurin, the potent non-specific blood-group hemagglutinin present in extracts of maclura pomifera, has been purified by a new biospecific affinity-chromatographic procedure. additional studies have indicated that this hemagglutinin occurs as five closely related tetrameric protein isoforms derived from two non-covalently-linked polypeptide chains, mol. wts. ca. 10,000 and 13,000 respectively. buffer electrofocusing fractionated the lectin into 12 components; the major isolectin exhibited an is ... | 1982 | 6896160 |
the binding of maclura pomifera lectin to cells of the t-lymphocyte lineage in the rat. | 1982 | 6122507 | |
unusual cell surface properties of the t lymphocyte population expanding in mrl/mp-lpr/lpr mice. | mrl/mp-lpr/lpr (lpr/lpr) mice but not the congenic mrl/mp-+/+ (+/+) mice, develop a generalized lymph node (ln) hypertrophy reflecting the expansion of a t-cell population that acts as an enhancing factor for autoimmunity. in order to characterize better this t-cell population, we investigated some of its surface properties in comparison with those of +/+ t cells. electrophoretic measurements revealed that lpr/lpr t cells possess a lower electronegative surface charge than %/% t cells which indi ... | 1982 | 6981590 |
lectin-binding components of normal granulocytes and leukaemic myeloid cells. | a panel of lectins was used to analyse glycoproteins of normal granulocytes and leukaemic myeloid cells. the glycoproteins of detergent-solubilized whole cells were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and their lectin-binding properties determined by incubation of the fixed gels with radioiodinated lectins. normal granulocytes and leukaemic myeloid cells in different stages of maturation possess a cell-surface sialic acid-rich glycoprotein of apparent mol.wt. ... | 1983 | 6577859 |
rabbit anti-carbohydrate antibody elicited by the lymphocyte mitogenic glycoprotein from wistaria floribunda seeds. | rabbit antibody produced in response to the purified mitogenic glycoprotein lectin from wistaria floribunda seeds (wfm) contains anti-carbohydrate antibody. this antibody, which represents 25% of the total antibody precipitated by the homologous antigen cross-reacts with the glycoprotein hemagglutinating lectins from sophora japonica (sjl), w. floribunda (wfa) and the glycoprotein bromelain, but not the protein lectin from maclura pomifera seeds. the cross-reactive reaction is totally abolished ... | 1983 | 6412071 |
pregnancy-related changes in the mouse oviduct and uterus revealed by differential binding of fluoresceinated lectins. | the binding of 20 fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labeled lectins to various portions of the pregnant and non-pregnant murine oviduct and uterus was studied by fluorescence microscopy. five lectins (from ricinus communis (rca-i), maclura pomifera (mpa), triticum vulgare (wheat germ-wga), bauhinia purpurea (bpa), and ulex europeus (uea-i] reacted differentially with the epithelium of pregnant as compared with the non-pregnant uterus. the binding of rca-i, mpa and wga delineated pregnancy-relate ... | 1983 | 6418694 |
peripheral nervous system myelin and schwann cell glycoproteins: identification by lectin binding and partial purification of a peripheral nervous system myelin-specific 170,000 molecular weight glycoprotein. | radioiodinated lectins were used to detect glycoproteins of peripheral nervous system (pns) myelin (rat, human, bovine) and cultured rat schwann cells. proteins were resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose filters. the filters were overlaid with radioiodinated lectins of known saccharide affinities. these included concanavalin a, helix pomatia, limulus polyphemus, maclura pomifera, peanut, soybean, ulex europaeus, and wheat ger ... | 1983 | 6619865 |
lectin binding sites of the mouse ovary, intraovarian and ovulated ova. | fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) labeled lectins were used to study the distribution of specific binding sites in histologic sections of mouse ovaries as well as ovulated ova. four distinct patterns of reactivity of the components of the follicle (exclusive of the ovum) and the surrounding ovarian stroma were recognized: uniform staining of granulosa cells, theca cells and surrounding stroma; weak to moderate staining of the granulosa cells and strong staining of the theca cells and stromal cel ... | 1984 | 6432745 |
uptake of lectins by pulmonary alveolar type ii cells: subsequent deposition into lamellar bodies. | type ii cells of the alveolar epithelium of adult rats have been shown to internalize the ferritin-labeled lectin from maclura pomifera (mpa-f). this alpha-galactose-binding molecule binds specifically to the apical plasma membrane of the cells. once within the cell the lectin is cycled from pinocytic vesicles, to multivesicular bodies of two types, and finally to lamellar bodies, the storage granules of surfactant. those multivesicular bodies that first contain mpa-f lack detectable lysosomal e ... | 1984 | 6149544 |
differential binding characteristics and applications of dgal beta 1----3dgalnac specific lectins. | the binding properties of arachis hypogaea (pna), bauhinia purpurea alba (bpl), maclura pomifera ( mpl ) and sophora japonica (sjl) lectins were studied by quantitative precipitin and precipitin inhibition assays, demonstrating them to be most specific for dgal beta 1---- 3dgalnac residues. additionally, each lectin had its own binding characteristic such as different binding activities to dgal beta 1---- 4dglcnac or dgal beta 1---- 3dglcnac beta 1----linked oligosaccharides, and/or dgalnac alph ... | 1984 | 6727869 |
the use of functional and quantitative assays to study glycoprotein ib in platelets stored under various in vitro conditions. | there is much evidence to suggest that platelet membrane glycoprotein ib is involved in the haemostatic function of platelets and it has been suggested that loss of this glycoprotein may occur during in vitro storage of platelet concentrates. in this study two quantitative radioimmunoassays were developed to measure the content of glycoprotein ib in platelets stored under a range of conditions used in blood banks. one assay involved the use of iodinated maclura pomifera lectin and the other the ... | 1984 | 6241753 |
interaction of salmonella telaviv with maclura pomifera lectin. | salmonella telaviv, salmonella tranoroa, and salmonella illinois were examined for their ability to interact with 15 purified lectins of known sugar specificity. the only interaction observed was between the lectin of maclura pomifera and s. telaviv. m. pomifera lectin specifically agglutinated suspensions of s. telaviv and precipitated with its purified lipopolysaccharide and isolated lipid a free o polysaccharide. quantitative inhibition assays showing methyl-alpha-d-galactopyranoside and n-ac ... | 1985 | 3838092 |
changes in biochemical characteristics and pattern of lectin binding of alveolar type ii cells with time in culture. | when cultured on plastic culture dishes for several days, alveolar type ii cells gradually lose both their morphologic and biochemical identifying characteristics. although type ii cells cultured on a matrix derived from corneal endothelial cells have previously been reported to retain lamellar bodies for 7-10 days in culture, the ability of type ii cells cultured on matrix to synthesize surfactant lipids has not been previously studied. we therefore measured the phospholipid content and the dis ... | 1985 | 3839418 |
the large sialoglycoprotein of human lymphocytes. ii. biochemical features. | large sialoglycoprotein of human lymphocytes (l-lsgp) from thymocytes and from peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) of normal donor and of b chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) patients was purified by affinity chromatography to maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa)-sepharose followed by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). l-lsgp from the three different sources was very similar in amino acid composition. it contained a high proportion of acidic and hydroxy ... | 1985 | 3873337 |
an immunofluorescent analysis of lectin binding to normal and regenerating skeletal muscle of rat. | ten different fluorescein-conjugated lectins of various known sugar specificities were used to study cell surface glycoconjugates of normal and regenerating rat skeletal muscle. in normal muscle, canavalia ensiformis agglutinin, triticum vulgaris agglutinin (wheat germ agglutinin, wga), ricinus communis agglutinin-i, and maclura pomifera agglutinin bound strongly to the endomysial region of the myofibers. no binding was observed in the cytoplasm of the myofibers. other lectins (dolichos biflorus ... | 1985 | 3915936 |
a sperm-agglutinating lectin from seeds of jack fruit (artocarpus heterophyllus). | a lectin specific for n-acetylgalactosamine was isolated from seed extract of jack fruit (artocarpus heterophyllus) by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by affinity chromatography on a affigel-galactosamine-agarose column. the lectin possessed agglutinating activities for human and rat sperm as well as human red blood cells. it was found to have mr = 62,000 consisting of two dissimilar subunits of mr = 18,000 and 13,000. it also cross-reacted with an antibody against the lectin of osage o ... | 1985 | 3922368 |
analysis of n-linked oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins on nitrocellulose sheets using lectin-peroxidase reagents. | a rapid and convenient method was established for analysis of the n-linked carbohydrate chains of glycoproteins on nitrocellulose sheets. proteins were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose sheets, reacted with peroxidase-coupled lectins, and detected by color development of the enzyme reaction. four glycoproteins having n-linked oligosaccharide chains were used as test materials: taka-amylase a (which has a high-mannose-type chain), ovalbumin (high-manno ... | 1985 | 2411164 |
lectin binding sites on human endocervix: a comparison with secretory and proliferative endometrium. | endocervix and corresponding endometrium of women of reproductive age were studied histochemically with 13 fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled lectins to delineate the differences between the epithelial cells in two anatomical sites. lectin from maclura pomifera (mpa), ulex europaeus (uea-i), glycine max (sba), and vicia villosa (vva) bound only to endocervical epithelium and were the only four lectins that distinguished endocervical from endometrial epithelium. these differences were independent ... | 1986 | 3526979 |
isolation and characterization of differentiated alveolar type ii cells from fetal human lung. | a method has been developed for isolating differentiated type ii cells from human lung of 18-24-week gestation. the procedure involves an initial 4-day culture of lung explants in the presence of dexamethasone (10 nm) and triiodothyronine (2 nm). type ii cells (and fibroblasts) are isolated by trypsin digestion of the explants, two differential adherence steps and incubation overnight in primary culture. this method provides a high yield of type ii cells ((50 +/- 15) x 10(6) cells/g wet weight o ... | 1986 | 3527277 |
binding of islet cell cytoplasmic antibody from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients and plant lectin (maclura pomifera agglutinin) to pancreas islet cells. | 1986 | 3541858 | |
cellular heterogeneity in normal human urothelium: an analysis of optical properties and lectin binding. | flow cytometry was used to study the optical properties of normal urothelial cells in suspension. narrow-angle light scatter, which is a function of cell size, defined one major and one minor cell population, and 90 degrees light scatter, a function of intracellular structure, showed three distinct cell populations. these properties were displayed as a 2-dimensional dot plot or "fingerprint" which proved to be characteristic and reproducible from one specimen of urothelium to the next. cell sort ... | 1986 | 3754881 |
a comparison of lectin binding in rat and human peripheral nerve. | eleven different fluorescein- or peroxidase-conjugated lectins with different sugar-binding affinities were employed to analyze and compare glycoconjugates of rat and human peripheral nerves at the light microscopic level. a majority of lectins showed a distinct binding pattern in different structures of the nerve. lectin binding was similar but not identical in rat and human nerves. limulus polyhemus agglutinin did not stain any structures in rat or human nerves. in both species, all other lect ... | 1986 | 3772078 |
lectin histochemistry applied to human nerves. | histologic sections of normal and pathologically altered human peripheral nerves were stained with a battery of 20 fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled lectins to determine whether these histochemical reagents could be used to identify peripheral nerve injury. eight plant lectins--from canavalia ensiformis, lens culinaris, triticum vulgare (wheat germ), types e4 and l4 from phaseolus vulgaris, types i and ii from ricinus communis, and wistaria floribunda--were found to bind to normal and pathologi ... | 1986 | 3015069 |
isolation of pulmonary alveolar type i cells from adult rats. | the authors have developed a procedure for the isolation of alveolar type i (ati) cells from adult rat lung. after an initial selective enzymatic digestion of the lungs by lavage with 0.2% collagenase, 0.05% trypsin, 0.008% elastase, and 0.005% dnase type i, the cells which are released are separated by density gradient centrifugation, and a fraction which includes all ati cells (density, 1.0177-1.0411) is harvested. contaminating leukocytes are excluded by specific surface adsorption, exploitin ... | 1986 | 2945439 |
mucosubstance histochemistry of the normal mucosa and epithelial neoplasms of the lung. | histochemical properties of mucosubstances in normal lung tissue and carcinoma of 30 operated cases were investigated using various histochemical methods. epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract were characterized by their specific mucosubstances. namely, the ciliated cells had a thick surface coat consisting of sulfomucins. basal cells showed intense reactivity to ulex europeus agglutinin-i (uea-i) and arachis hypogaea agglutinin (pna). the goblet cells differed from the glandular mucous ... | 1986 | 2426917 |
lectin-affinity chromatography of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase in liver disease. | the variation of the carbohydrate chain of gamma-glutamyltransferase was studied in 45 liver patients by means of lectin affinity chromatography. five lectins were used: concanavalin a, ricinus communis i and ii, maclura pomifera and ulex europaeus agglutinin. the binding towards con a was shown to be independent from the binding towards the other lectins. parallel variations of binding results against the galactose- and fucose-recognizing lectins were obtained. in liver steatosis, the binding r ... | 1987 | 2882878 |
differing lectin-binding patterns of malignant melanoma and nevocellular and spitz nevi. | the lectin-binding patterns of primary malignant melanoma, nevocellular nevus, and spitz nevus were studied on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections using a series of biotinylated lectins--concanavalin a (cona), ricinus communis agglutinin-1 (rca1), dolichos biflorus agglutinin (dba), soybean agglutinin (sba), maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa), peanut agglutinin (pna), wheat germ agglutinin (wga), and ulex europeus agglutinin-1(uea1)--and employing the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex metho ... | 1987 | 3314732 |
detection of surface carbohydrates on pneumocystis carinii by fluorescein-conjugated lectins. | lectins react with a wide range of different carbohydrates (table 1). even so-called monospecific anti-h(o) lectins from lotus tetragonolobus, ulex europaeus, and anguilla anguilla react not only with the anti-h determinant but also with several fucosylated carbohydrates. consequently, the type of lectin receptor existing on the surface of pneumocystis carinii should be determined, because only a carbohydrate analysis can demonstrate the kind of carbohydrates which exist on the cell surface of t ... | 1987 | 3125541 |
glycoconjugates of the human sperm surface: distribution and alterations that accompany capacitation in vitro. | we have studied changes in the binding of fluoresceinated lectins to human sperm during in vitro capacitation. we first determined the surface labeling pattern of viable sperm obtained by the swim-up procedure. sperm were labeled with 100 micrograms/ml fitc-conjugated lectin at 4 degrees c for 30 min. we simultaneously used hoechst stain 33258 as a supravital stain to help differentiate surface from intracellular lectin labeling. of 14 lectins studied, six (phytohemagglutinin-e, concanavalin a, ... | 1987 | 3147937 |
glycosylation of developing human glomeruli: lectin binding sites during cell induction and maturation. | expression of cellular glycoconjugates during differentiation of human fetal kidney was studied using fluorochrome-labeled lectins. each lectin revealed a characteristic binding pattern during the phenotypic change of the nephrogenic mesenchyme and during distinct stages of nephron development. the uninduced mesenchymal cells were positive for pisum sativum (psa), concanavalin a (cona), wistaria floribunda (wga), and ricinus communis (rca-i) lectins. however, these lectins failed to react with t ... | 1987 | 3794308 |
griffonia simplicifolia lectins bind specifically to endothelial cells and some epithelial cells in mouse tissues. | the binding of griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-i (gsa-i) and the isolectins gsa-i-ab3 and gsa-i-b4, having affinity for some alpha-d-galactosyl and n-acetyl galactosaminyl residues was studied in different mouse tissues. in brain, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle, the gsa-i-lectin conjugates showed prominent binding only to blood vessel endothelia. similarly, in the liver and kidney cortex the gsa-i-conjugates selectively reacted with endothelial cells of the sinusoids and with intertubular ... | 1987 | 3597137 |
glycophorin is the reovirus receptor on human erythrocytes. | purified glycophorin (predominantly type a) from human erythrocytes was found to effectively inhibit reovirus hemagglutination (ha) in contrast to other glycoproteins such as fetuin or ovalbumin. glycophorin was also a potent inhibitor of reovirus and protein sigma 1 binding to mouse l fibroblasts. glycophorin pretreated with neuraminidase lost these inhibitory properties. using a solid phase binding assay, it was demonstrated that reovirus as well as protein sigma 1 could specifically bind to g ... | 1987 | 3604060 |
culture of differentiated and undifferentiated type ii cells from fetal rat lung. | we have developed a relatively simple and reproducible method for the isolation and culture of both differentiated and undifferentiated type ii cells from fetal rat lung. the technique involves an initial period of explant culture in serum and hormone free medium, followed by enzymatic dissociation of the explants, differential adhesion to remove fibroblasts, incubation of the cell pellet to promote aggregation of the type ii cells and monolayer culture of the type ii cells. the type ii cells fo ... | 1987 | 3620509 |
human pulmonary alveolar type 2 cells contain an apical membrane glycoprotein common to malignant cells. | a monoclonal antibody, ca1, raised against a detergent extract of hep 2 cells derived from a human laryngeal carcinoma, was shown in these studies to bind to the apical surface of normal alveolar type 2 cells but not type 1 cells in the human lung. in lung specimens from patients with alveolitis, the antibody also bound to hyperplastic type 2 cells and to transition cells which were in the process of becoming alveolar type 1 cells. ca1 binds to the apical plasma membrane and to internal membrane ... | 1988 | 3172711 |
glomerular sialoconjugates of developing and mature rat kidneys. | the appearance of sialoconjugates in developing rat kidney glomeruli was studied using lectins and neuraminidase-lectin staining sequences. in the early s-shaped bodies, binding of maclura pomifera (mpa; specific for galactosaminyl residues of glycoconjugates) could be detected in the presumptive podocyte layer at the apex of these cells, but notably no binding of lectins specific for sialic acid could be seen. during further morphologic maturation of the s-shaped bodies, binding of limax flavus ... | 1988 | 3208291 |
regulation of surfactant phospholipid secretion from isolated rat alveolar type ii cells by lectins. | the major surfactant-associated protein is a potent inhibitor of surfactant phospholipid secretion from isolated type ii cells. since the major surfactant-associated protein contains a carboxy terminal polypeptide domain which is homologous to the lectin-like liver mannose-binding protein, we tested whether lectins inhibit surfactant phospholipid secretion from rat alveolar type ii cells. concanavalin a, wheat germ agglutinin and maclura pomifera agglutinin were potent inhibitors of surfactant p ... | 1988 | 3337835 |
histochemical and immunocytochemical identification of alveolar type ii epithelial cells isolated from fetal rat lung. | primary cultures of epithelial cells isolated from organotypic cultures of fetal (days 18 through 22) rat lung have been characterized by histochemical and immunocytochemical parameters. immunocytologic analysis with monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratins and with those to adult type ii cells (jbr-1) demonstrated that the cell cultures were composed almost entirely of epithelial type ii cells. additional evidence that the cultures had the type ii phenotype was obtained by maclura pomifera lectin ... | 1988 | 3345034 |
identification and characterization of the pulmonary alveolar type ii cell maclura pomifera agglutinin-binding membrane glycoprotein. | the lectin maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa) binds to the apical surface of pulmonary alveolar type ii but not type i cells. we show that mpa binds to a single membrane glycoprotein in type ii cells with a molecular mass of 230 kda in the rabbit and 200 kda in the rat. the glycoprotein has an abundance of terminal n-acetylgalactosamine residues. it is a hydrophilic integral membrane protein suggesting that it has an extensive extramembrane domain or is an ion channel. the glycoprotein is similar ... | 1988 | 3416017 |
[selective damage of pulmonary nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (clara) cells by trichloroethylene in rats]. | ethanol-treated and ethanol-nontreated rats were exposed to 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 and 8,000 ppm of trichloroethylene for 2 h in order to evaluate the metabolic (metabolic rate of styrene) and morphologic changes in the lung. the exposure resulted in dose-dependent decrease of styrene metabolism. by mpa (maclura pomifera agglutinin) stain it was revealed by light microscopy that trichloroethylene caused a highly selective damage to nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (clara) cells, which wer ... | 1988 | 3418956 |
immunochemical studies on pneumococcal type 37 capsular polysaccharide. | pneumococcal type 37 capsular polysaccharide was obtained free of contaminants by affinity chromatography on con-a, wheat germ agglutinin, maclura pomifera lectin and hopc-8 mouse myeloma protein affinity columns. the immunochemical reactivity of native and periodate oxidized borohydride reduced type 37 polysaccharide antigen with polyclonal rabbit and monoclonal mouse anti-pn37 hybridoma antibodies was studied by quantitative precipitation. quantitative hapten inhibition studies, employing the ... | 1988 | 3146022 |
cell type-specific glycoconjugates of collecting duct cells during maturation of the rat kidney. | the ontogeny of lectin-positive epithelial cell types and the maturation of polarized expression of the glycocalyx of the collecting ducts (cd) of the rat kidney were studied from samples of 18th-day fetal and neonatal kidneys of various ages. lectins from dolichos biflorus (dba) and vicia villosa (vva), with preferential affinity to principal cells, stained virtually all cd cells of the fetal kidneys. however, within two days postnatally, the number of cells positive for dba and vva decreased t ... | 1988 | 2842054 |
heterogeneity of apical glycoconjugates in kidney collecting ducts: further studies using simultaneous detection of lectin binding sites and immunocytochemical detection of key transport enzymes. | in the search for a functional role for the polarized glycoconjugates of rat collecting duct epithelial cells, the relation between binding of various lectins and expression of cellular transport enzyme profile of the cells was studied. for this purpose, principal and intercalated cells of rat kidney collecting duct were identified by morphological criteria and by their immunocytochemically determined content of (na+ + k+)-atpase and carbonic anhydrase (ca ii), respectively. various n-acetylgala ... | 1988 | 2853698 |
pneumocystis carinii: surface reactive carbohydrates detected by lectin probes. | pneumocystis carinii obtained from rat lungs (rlh) and in vitro culture (rtc) were reacted with a panel of 14 fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated lectins. percentage fluorescence and fluorescent intensity were determined for both trophic and cyst forms. all rlh and rtc derived organisms bound strongly concanavalin a (con a), and wheat germ agglutinin (wga). however, differences in soybean agglutinin (sba) binding between rlh and rtc organisms was observed. different subsets of the organism bou ... | 1988 | 3142787 |
ultrastructural demonstration of maclura pomifera agglutinin binding sites in the membranocystic lesions of membranous lipodystrophy (nasu-hakola disease). | this paper reports three cases of membranous lipodystrophy (nasu-hakola disease) in two families and studies the carbohydrate components of membranocystic lesions in all three cases, using twelve kinds of lectins labelled by horseradish peroxidase (hrp). maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa), which specifically binds alpha-d-galactose residues, strongly stained typical membranocystic lesions, whereas the other lectins did not. however, helix pomatia agglutinin (hpa), which specifically binds to n-ac ... | 1988 | 3144083 |
localization of specific carbohydrate configurations in the hemophilic synovial membrane. | fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated lectins include: concanavalin a (con-a), dolichos biflorus agglutinin (dba), griffonia simplicifolia-i (gs-i), griffonia simplicifolia-ii (gs-ii), arachis hypogaea agglutinin (pna), maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa), ricinus communis agglutinin-i (rca-i), glycine max agglutinin (sba), ulex europaeus agglutinin-i (uea-i), and wheat germ agglutinin (wga). these lectins were used to histochemically demonstrate lectin bindings on hemophilic synovial membrane. gs ... | 1988 | 3130210 |
a survey of lectin binding in paramecium. | to better understand the general distribution of glycoproteins and the distribution of specific glycoprotein-bound sugar residues in paramecium, a survey of the binding pattern of selected lectins was carried out in p. tetraurelia, p. caudatum, and p. multimicronucleatum. lectins studied were concanavalin a (con a), griffonia simplicifolia agglutinins i and ii (gs i and gs ii), wheat germ agglutinin (wga), ulex europaeus (uea i), peanut agglutinin (pna), ricinis communis toxin (rca60) and agglut ... | 1988 | 3183999 |
crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of the complex of maclura pomifera agglutinin with the disaccharide gal beta 1-3galnac. | single crystals of maclura pomifera agglutinin, a seed lectin from the moraceae family, complexed with the disaccharide gal beta 1-3galnac have been obtained by the method of vapor diffusion with li2so4 as precipitant at ph 4.5. the crystals belong to the trigonal space group p3(1)21 or p3(2)21, with a = b = 67.4 a, c = 149.3 a. they contain two subunits per asymmetric unit and diffract beyond 2.7 a. this and other evidence indicate that both this lectin and the artocarpus integrifolia lectin, j ... | 1989 | 2614842 |
lectins as probes to pneumocystis carinii surface glycocomplexes. | the binding characteristics of a panel of commercially available fitc-conjugated lectins to pneumocystis carinii (pc) were assessed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. rat pc obtained from infected lung homogenates were incubated with fitc-conjugated lectins in a series of concentrations, counterstained with propidium iodide, and analyzed for percent fluorescence and fluorescence intensity. all organisms bound concanavalin a and wisteria floribunda agglutinin, 2 representatives of the ... | 1989 | 2785201 |
effects of lectins with various carbohydrate binding specificities on lipid metabolism in isolated rat and hamster adipocytes. | 1. mannose-binding and n-acetylglucosamine binding lectins exhibited potent antilipolytic and lipogenic activities. 2. fucose-binding lectins had minimal lipogenic activity but possessed antilipolytic activity. 3. most galactose-binding and n-acetylgalactosamine-binding lectins were devoid of significant antilipolytic and lipogenic activities. notable exceptions were lectins from momordica charantia, wisteria floribunda, vicia villosa, codium fragile and the siberian pine tree. lipogenic activit ... | 1989 | 2545472 |
[membrane changes in duchenne/becker muscular dystrophy: lectin binding and localization of dystrophin]. | an rca i-lectin binding glycoprotein of mr = 370 kd is missing from or altered in the plasma membrane of duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd) skeletal muscle. in the present study the carbohydrate chain of this glycoprotein was localized to the external face of the plasma membrane in human skeletal muscle, and dystrophin, the protein product of the dmd gene, was localized to the inner (cytoplasmic) face. on double labelled western blots the two proteins appeared as closely apposed but distinctly se ... | 1989 | 2646527 |
homology of the d-galactose-specific lectins from artocarpus integrifolia and maclura pomifera and the role of an unusual small polypeptide subunit. | the maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa) was purified by affinity chromatography from a seed extract and its properties were compared with those of the artocarpus integrifolia lectin, jacalin. reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography showed both proteins had multiple forms of a small approximately 20-residue polypeptide chain in addition to the major 12,000 mr subunit. the amino acid sequences of the small chains and the n-terminal sequences of the large subunits showed considerable sim ... | 1989 | 2705782 |
alveolar cell differentiation markers in human lungs. | we describe two apical surface integral membrane glycoproteins which appear to be differentiation markers of the human pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell which has as a major function the production of pulmonary surfactant. these membrane glycoproteins bind the lectin, maclura pomifera agglutinin and can be found in detergent extract of whole lungs, lung membranes and isolated type 2 cells. one of the mpa binding glycoproteins (mpa-gp330) has an apparent molecular weight of 330 kd and is analogous t ... | 1989 | 2733026 |
comparison of glycoconjugates at the surface of developing type ii pneumocytes and clara cells. | the apical surface coat of type ii pneumocytes and clara cells in pre- and post-natal rat lung was examined with lectin histochemical methods. lectins from helix pomatia (hpa), peanut (pna) and maclura pomifera (mpa) were conjugated with horseradish peroxidase and used to stain paraffin sections of fixed lung with or without certain pre-treatments. hpa and mpa were observed to react with almost all type ii pneumocytes at postnatal day 1. type ii pneumocytes that stained with a sialidase-pna sequ ... | 1989 | 2777637 |
a histochemical localization on maclura pomifera lectin during osteogenesis. | mandibular condyles of 4-week-old wistar strain rats and mandibles of icr strain mice from 14 days gestation stage to 2 days postnatal stage were used to investigate the localization of maclura pomifera lectin (mpa) during two modes of osteogenesis. during endochondral ossification of the mandibular condyle, mpa was only localized at the peripheral regions of calcified cartilage after the destruction of chondrocyte lacunae. bone extracellular matrix (ecm) was not reacted with mpa. in intramembra ... | 1989 | 2777640 |
studies of lectin binding to the human cervix uteri: i. normal cervix. | lectins of bauhinia purpurea (bpa), canavalin ensiformis (con a), griffonia simplicifolia i (gs i), griffonia simplicifolia ii (gs ii), maclura pomifera (mpa), arachis hypogaea (pna), glycine max (sba), ulex europaeus i (uea i) and triticum vulgaris (wga) were used to evaluate cell surface carbohydrates in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of normal human cervix uteri. consistent patterns of staining of the squamous epithelium were obtained in all 30 cases with bpa, gs ii, mpa, pn ... | 1989 | 2793521 |
studies of lectin binding to the human cervix uteri: ii. cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous carcinoma. | the cell surface carbohydrate profile of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of neoplastic cervical squamous epithelium was evaluated using lectins of bauhinia purpurea (bpa), canavalin ensiformis (con a), griffonia simplicifolia i (gs i), griffonia simplicifolia ii (gs ii), maclura pomifera (mpa), archis hypogaea (pna), glycine max (sba), ulex europaeus i (uea i) and triticum vulgaris (wga). three lectins (bpa, con a and pna) showed a similar pattern of staining in both normal squa ... | 1989 | 2793522 |
lectin histochemistry in rat thyroid tumours. | the thyroid tumours and background goiterous and adenomatous lesions induced in rats with diisopropanolnitrosamine (dipn) plus methylthiouracil (mtu), and regenerative thyroid tissues after wounding were studied by lectin histochemistry. ten weeks after cessation of the carcinogen treatments, carcinomas invading the surrounding tissues and blood vessels (13/20) and papillary micronodules (11/20) were formed in the thyroid tissues. in general, the carcinoma lesion was solitary, and the papillary ... | 1989 | 2818422 |
identification of a 185 kd maclura pomifera agglutinin binding glycoprotein as a candidate for a differentiation marker for alveolar type ii cells in adult rat lung. | in adult rat lung the lectin maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa) binds apically to alveolar type ii (atii) cells but not to alveolar type i (ati) cells. this suggests that the presence of mpa binding glycoproteins might be a criterion by which to distinguish the differentiated state of these two adult alveolar epithelial cells. the authors therefore studied mpa binding glycoproteins of atii cells, comparing, biochemically and cytochemically, mpa binding glycoproteins in freshly isolated atii cells ... | 1989 | 2916648 |
differential expression of galactose and n-acetylgalactosamine residues during fetal development and postnatal maturation of rat glomeruli as revealed with lectin conjugates. | a battery of fluorochrome- or peroxidase-coupled lectins, reacting with alpha- or beta-galactose (gal), terminal n-acetylgalactosamine (galnac), or gal-(beta 1-3)-galnac residues, was used to study the emergence and distribution of cellular glycoconjugates in developing and adult rat glomeruli. neuraminidase pretreatment of the specimens was applied to monitor the maturation of the glomerular sialoglycoprotein coat. in the adult glomeruli, the lectin conjugates applied reacted sparsely or not at ... | 1989 | 2923282 |
ontogeny of pulmonary alveolar epithelial markers of differentiation. | we studied differentiation of the pulmonary epithelium in the periphery of fetal rat lung in vivo and in vitro by comparing the ontogeny of cell-surface glycoconjugates with that of surfactant phospholipids. apical surface binding of the lectin maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa) and expression of a 200-kda mpa-binding glycoprotein (mpa-gp200) was evident at 20 days gestation in type 2 cells, but did not correlate with ultrastructural features of type 2 cell differentiation. epithelial cells isola ... | 1990 | 2303166 |
identification of sporozoite surface proteins and antigens of eimeria nieschulzi (apicomplexa). | sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, lectin binding, and 125i surface labeling of sporozoites were used to probe sporozoites of the rat coccidian, eimeria nieschulzi. analysis of silver stained gels revealed greater than 50 bands. surface iodination revealed about 14 well labeled, and about 10 weakly labeled but potential, surface proteins. the most heavily labeled surface proteins had molecular masses of 60, 53-54, 45, 28, 23-24, 17, 15, 14, 13, and 12 kd. ... | 1990 | 2319491 |
glycoconjugate histochemistry in the glycocalyx of guinea pig middle ear mucosa. | an attempt was made to determine the composition of oligosaccharide side chains in the apical cell surface glycocalices of the middle ear epithelium. this glycoconjugate is located on the innermost luminal surface, but its function is still unknown. the lectins evaluated included triticum vulgare, canavalia ensiformis, maclura pomifera, arachis hypogaea, ricinus communis i (rca-i), and limax flavus. the staining results obtained with the six different lectin probes in the lowicryl k4m-embedded g ... | 1990 | 2393562 |
changes in glycoconjugates revealed by lectin staining in the developing airways of syrian golden hamsters. | lectin binding was studied in the developing airways of syrian golden hamsters on gestational days 11-16 (day 16 is the day of birth). the trachea and lungs were fixed in 4% formaldehyde-1% glutaraldehyde, 6% mercuric chloride-1% sodium acetate-0.1% glutaraldehyde, and 95% ethanol; embedded in paraffin; and stained with eight lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: triticum vulgare (wga), dolichos biflorus (dba), helix pomatia (hpa), maclura pomifera (mpa), griffonia simplicifolia i-b4 (gsa i- ... | 1990 | 1700650 |
identification of specific glomerular cell types in culture by use of lectin and antibody binding. | to characterize the outgrowth of cells from cultured rat glomeruli, we examined the cell morphology in relation to the expression of various antigenic determinants (factor viii-related antigen, rat thy 1.1, heyman nephritogenic antigen, common leucocyte and ia antigens) and lectin binding patterns. for this purpose, early (3-7 days) to late (4-5 weeks) glomerulus cultures, as well as subcultures of mesangial cells were used. in the early samples, the predominance of small round (type i) cells gr ... | 1990 | 1698520 |
contact lens wear enhances adherence of pseudomonas aeruginosa and binding of lectins to the cornea. | extended wear soft contact lenses are associated with an increased incidence of pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. because the first step in the pathogenesis of this disease is adherence of the microorganism to the corneal surface, we studied the effect of soft contact lens wear on the adherence of p. aeruginosa to the cornea. rabbits were fitted for extended wear soft contact lenses in the left eye, and the right eye served as a control. both eyes were then closed with a partial tarsorrhaphy. af ... | 1990 | 2115422 |
characterization of galactose-containing glycoconjugates in the human retina: a lectin histochemical study. | seven specimens of morphologically normal formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human retina were studied using a panel of fourteen biotinylated lectins, all of which react with glycoconjugates containing galactose and n-acetylgalactosamine residues. agaricus bisporus (aba), bauhinia purpurea (bpa), phaseolus vulgaris (pha-e), peanut (pna) and ricinus communis (rca-i) agglutinins labeled photoreceptor cells prior to enzymatic predigestion. bpa and pna bound specifically to cones. the plexiform la ... | 1990 | 2091899 |
serum accelerates the loss of type ii cell differentiation in vitro. | the differentiated phenotype of the alveolar type ii cell is rapidly altered in vitro. to evaluate factors that might influence this process, we isolated and plated rat type ii cells in serum-supplemented media to promote adherence and then maintained the cells in a simple nutrient medium in the absence (s- cells) or presence (s+ cells) of serum for 5 to 7 d. the type ii s- cells remained metabolically active. despite protein synthesis that was 50% that of s+ cells, s- cells continued to synthes ... | 1990 | 1698400 |
expression of cell-specific markers for alveolar epithelium in fetal rat lung. | in adults, the alveolar epithelium is composed of types i and ii cells which differ structurally and functionally although they appear to belong to the same cell lineage. using cell-specific markers (type i cells, monoclonal antibody; type ii cells, maclura pomifera lectin [mpa]), we have determined when and in what pattern their binding sites occur during development of the fetal rat lung. rather than first appearing on days 19 to 20, when morphogenesis of type i cells occurs and lamellar bodie ... | 1990 | 2189457 |
lectin binding beneath the epithelium and in smooth muscle cells in the developing bronchial tree. | components of the subepithelial stratum in developing rat lung reacted transiently with maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa) and aleuria aurantia agglutinin (ofa) conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. these lectins possess selective affinity for and serve to localize glycoconjugates (gcs) with terminal gal/galnac and fuc, respectively. staining was strongest with both lectins in the proximal bronchial tree and decreased peripherally to growing buds where it was absent. mpa staining of subepithelial ... | 1990 | 2224573 |
isolation and partial characterization of pneumocin, a novel apical membrane surface glycoprotein marker of rat type ii cells. | rat alveolar type ii pneumocytes, in situ, label with maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa), a plant lectin that recognizes alpha-galactosyl oligosaccharide residues of glycoproteins and glycolipids. to study the glycoproteins recognized by the lectin, mpa lectin affinity chromatography was used to isolate a novel glycoprotein, pneumocin, from type ii and whole rat lung cell membranes. pneumocin isolated from adult rat lungs was a non-disulfide-linked sialoglycoprotein with an mr of 165 kd. asparagi ... | 1991 | 2054190 |
lectin histochemistry of developing submandibular glands of fetal syrian golden hamsters. | lectin binding was studied in the developing submandibular glands of fetal syrian golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) from gestational day 12 to 16 (the day of birth). the fetuses were fixed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned and stained with nine lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: concanavalin a (con a), wheat germ agglutinin (wga), dolichos biflorus agglutinin (dba), helix pomatia agglutinin (hpa), maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa). griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin i-b4 (gsa i-b4), p ... | 1991 | 2035849 |
uptake and subcellular distribution of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide by isolated rat type ii pneumocytes. | treatment of isolated rat type ii pneumocytes with escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) induces a number of ultra-structural changes which become evident after 60 min of incubation. by using post-embedding immunolabeling methods and electron microscopy, we have followed the fate of lps after different times of incubation. after an initial period of accumulation in the pneumocyte microvilli, the lps molecules enter the cytoplasm, forming discrete patches which are dispersed in some areas. af ... | 1991 | 2016511 |
comparison of the maclura pomifera lectin-binding glycoprotein in late fetal and adult rat lung. | the lectin, maclura pomifera agglutinin (mpa), binds to alpha-galactose residues of glycoproteins on the apical surface of type ii alveolar cells. it has recently been shown to bind to macrophages. we isolated the cell surface glycoprotein, which binds the mpa lectin, from fetal and adult rat whole lung to determine if changes in this glycoprotein occur during development from fetal to adult life. the glycoprotein was purified from whole lung cell membranes by lectin affinity chromatography that ... | 1991 | 1895777 |
morphological study of lectin binding in the rabbit temporomandibular joint disc. | glycoconjugates of the extracellular matrix are important for the normal mechanical functions of connective tissue structures such as the temporomandibular joint disc. since lectins are known to bind to sugar residues with high affinity, a variety of lectins were used to study the presence and distribution of glycoconjugates in the temporomandibular joint disc. discs were removed from 6 to 8-month-old rabbits and either sectioned in a cryostat and processed for light microscopy or fixed in 2% gl ... | 1991 | 1783561 |
surfactant lipid uptake and secretion in type ii cells in response to lectins and secretagogues. | secretion of surfactant phospholipids can be inhibited by the surfactant-associated protein sp-a. sp-a was reported to stimulate lipid uptake by type ii cells, whereas surfactant secretagogues were reported to have the same effect in isolated perfused lungs. we examined the effect of such secretagogues on uptake of liposomes containing l-alpha-[2-palmitoyl-9,103h(n)]-dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine in primary cultures of type ii cells. as sp-a contains a lectinlike domain and other lectins were ... | 1991 | 1767864 |
differential lectin binding on walls of thoraco-cervical blood vessels and lymphatics in rats. | lectin binding in the walls of large to medium-sized blood vessels and lymphatics in the rat thoraco-cervical region was examined histochemically. the tunica intima of the aorta and superficial cervical artery showed positive reactions with wheat germ agglutinin (wga) and concanavalin a (cona) but not with dolichus biflorus agglutinin (dba). the tunica media of the aorta exhibited intense wga binding, especially on the smooth muscle cells, but the tunica media of the superficial cervical artery ... | 1991 | 1758681 |