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pleomorphism and pleobiosis of bacillus bifidus communis.from the foregoing experiments, the conclusion may be drawn that b. bifidus communis of tissier has an aerobic phase, in which it resembles b. mesentericus fuscus. numerous intermediate phases can occur between these two extremes; and their morphological and biological variabilities demand the utmost attention in order to interpret more intelligently the various phases of a given organism, constantly found in the stools of sucklings, and to avoid the artificial creation of two or more organisms ...191019867322
the influence of milk feeding on mortality and growth, and on the character of the intestinal flora.throughout the investigations upon which a large part of this paper is based the favorable influence of milk feeding on mortality and growth was most apparent. mortality from all causes was frequently reduced to at least one-half of what obtained among the chicks that received no milk, while the milk-fed chicks in some experiments gained twice as much in weight as those that were without this article of diet. although the influence of milk feeding was less pronounced on the mortality of chicks t ...191519867878
the intestinal flora in mouse typhoid infection.the normal flora of laboratory mice at the rockefeller institute, fed on a bread and milk diet, was determined. bacillus acidophilus and bacillus bifidus outnumber the bacillus coli, bacillus acidi lactici, and bacillus coli communior group about twenty-five to one. white and yellow cocci which may or may not liquefy gelatin are occasionally noted; spirochetal and vibrio forms and yeasts are usually seen in stained preparations. this flora does not change when mice are artificially infected per ...192319868710
bacillus bifidus: its characters and isolation from the intestine of infants. 192520474862
[observations on bacterium bifidum]. 195014789079
[attempt at a classification of the bacterium bifidum]. 195015437840
studies on bacterium bifidum in healthy infants; a clinical bacteriological investigation. 195114829262
[a contribution to the serology of bacterium bifidum]. 195213023975
antigenic and cultural relationships of lactobacillus bifidus and lactobacillus parabifidus. 195313052958
[a half-synthetic culture medium for bacterium bifidum]. 195313103337
[on the growth substance for bacterium bifidum]. 195313103365
[problem of the growth substance of bacterium bifidum]. 195313103386
[the effect of chromobacterium prodigiosum on the growth of bacterium bifidum]. 195413188176
[distinction between bifidibacterium bifidum and lactobacillus acidophilus]. 195513403273
[morphology and biochemistry of bacterium bifidum]. 195713426054
[general remarks on bacillus bifidus in infants]. 195913635068
[problems concerning bacillus bifidus]. 195913635073
[sensitivity of bifidibacterium bifidum to 11 antibiotics]. 195914414643
[the antibiotically effective principle of bacterium bifidum. in vitro studies]. 196013768575
[contribution to the knowledge of problems relative to bacillus bifidus in the infant]. 196013780446
[the problems of bacillus bifidus]. 196013853641
[further contribution on bacillus bifidus in infants. clinical trials of petuely's "bifidus factor"]. 196113873080
[paper chromatographic study of the amino acid content of bacterium bifidum]. 196113742976
[the significance of bacterium bifidum for the infant]. 196213916832
[research on the antagonism between bifidobacterium bifidum and aminogenic intestinal bacteria]. 196214478774
[on the metabolism of the bacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus). ii. lactic acid formation in tomarelli solution]. 196414316619
[on the metabolism of bacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus). iv. catalase activity in aerobic and anaerobic cultures]. 196414333486
[on the metabolism of bacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus). 3. oxygen uptake in o-potato culture medium]. 196414334645
[on the metabolism of bacterium bifidum (lactobaccilus bifidus). i. co2 formation in tomarelli solution]. 196414297254
[acute bacterial enterocolitis in infants. trial treatment with bacillus bifidus]. 196414145293
[on the metabolism of bacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus). v. co2 formation and o2 uptake in different nutrient media]. 196514272282
[bacterium bifidum, its serological classification and vitamin b1 production]. 196514311250
[trial of bacillus bifidus implantation in the healthy infant and in a carrier of pathogenic escherichia coli (preliminary note)]. 19655322986
[on metabolism of bacterium bifidum(lactobacillus bifidus). 8. typing of our strains]. 19655887810
[on metabolism of bacterium bifidum(lactobacillus bifidus). vii. study of the formation of amino acids]. 19655899410
[metabolic exchange between microorganism and macroorganism with the example of bacterium bifidum]. 19665987113
[possibilities of a physiological antibiotic therapy in the infant with bacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus)]. 19664861947
[on the metabolism of bacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus). xi. vitamin requirement in tomarelli's solution]. 19674231075
antibacterial sensitivity of bifidobacterium (lactobacillus bifidus).the antibacterial sensitivity patterns of gram-positive, nonsporeforming, anaerobic bacilli variously classed as lactobacillus bifidus, actinomyces bifidus, or bifidobacterium were studied by the plate dilution method. a total of 34 strains, mostly from human feces, was studied. three species, b. longum, b. adolescentis, and b. bifidum, were represented with 11, 11, and 6 strains, respectively. the other six strains fell into four other species. most strains of all types resisted 100 mug/ml or m ...19676020399
pathway of glucose fermentation in relation to the taxonomy of bifidobacteria.cell-free extracts of 17 strains of bifidobacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus) were examined for the presence of aldolase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase. all strains turned out to lack aldolase, an enzyme unique to glycolysis, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, characteristic of the hexosemonophosphate pathway. in all strains, fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase could be demonstrated. it can be concluded that bifidobacteria ferment glucose ...19676020562
carbohydrate metabolism in bifidobacterium bifidum. 19676048259
[a new culture medium for the isolation and maintenance of bifidobacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus)]. 19675585009
[on the metabolism of bacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus). xii. the production of propionic acid]. 19675586072
[consideration on the treatment of acute and chronic enterocolopathies by lyophilized bacillus bifidus mized extemporaneously with its growth factors. a propos of 100 cases]. 19675594645
[on the metabolism of bacterium bifidum. (lactobacillus bifidus). x. production of ethanol]. 19675594990
[supplementary findings on vitamin b1 in pediatrics. 2. vitamin b1--producting capacity of bacillus bifidus and effect of bifidus preparationson the vitamin b1 levels of the blood and urine]. 19675625889
fermentation of glucose, lactose, galactose, mannitol, and xylose by bifidobacteria.for six strains of bifidobacterium bifidum (lactobacillus bifidus), fermentation balances of glucose, lactose, galactose, mannitol, and xylose were determined. products formed were acetate, l(+)-lactate, ethyl alcohol, and formate. l(+)-lactate dehydrogenase of all strains studied was found to have an absolute requirement for fructose-1,6-diphosphate. the phosphoroclastic enzyme could not be demonstrated in cell-free extracts. cell suspensions fermented pyruvate to equimolar amounts of acetate a ...19685674058
the effect of bacterium bifidum on intestinal bacterial flora and toxic protein metabolites in chronic liver disease. 19685679810
predicting the stability of freeze-dried lacto-bacillus bifidus by the accelerated storage test. 19685717948
[on a method of cultivation of bacterium bifidum]. 19684185782
growth responses of bifidobacterium bifidum to coenzyme a, its precursors and carrot extract. 19685304593
catabolism of glucose and derivatives of 2-deoxy-2-amino-glucose in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus. 19694236541
[fecal bacterial flora in an infant without bacterium bifidum--presence of bacterium bifidus-inhibiting spherocytes]. 19694898357
uptake and metabolism of derivatives of 2-deoxy-2-amino-d-glucose in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus. 19695762966
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell wall inhibition. i. composition of lipids. 19695766029
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell wall inhibition. 3. morphological structure and osmotic properties of the protoplasts and membrane composition. 19705473501
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell wall inhibition. ii. fatty acid composition. 19705476260
[bacterial enterocolitis in an infant. treatment with oral bacillus bifidus culture]. 19705522806
[bacillus bifidus in the bacterial flora and its role in the prevention of enterocolitis in the newborn]. 19705205589
[the amino acid sequence of the serine and aspartic acid containing mureins of bifidobacterium bifidum orla jensen]. 19704395418
the structure of the cell wall peptidoglycan of bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus. 19714254496
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell wall inhibition. iv. galactolipid composition. 19715282823
mechanism of utilization of pantetheine-s-sulfonic acid by bifidobacterium bifidum. 19715567062
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell wall inhibition. v. structure of the galactosyldiglycerides. 19724342947
influence of nutrition on the morphology of a strain of bifidobacterium bifidum.a mucoid variant of bifidobacterium bifidum was converted from its normal curved rod or bifid form to a highly branched form when grown in a chemically defined minimal medium. branching could be prevented by the addition of a mixture of dl-alanine, dl-aspartic acid, l(+)-glutamic acid, and dl-serine, but not when any one of these four amino acids was omitted. although sodium chloride induced pleomorphism, calcium ions were ineffective in suppressing the appearance of these pleomorphic forms. non ...19725053884
growth responses of bifidobacterium bifidum to s-sulfonic acid-type pantetheine related compounds. 19724538355
a capillary tube method for counting viable cells of bifidobacterium bifidum grown in a solid medium. 19744610237
[proceedings: intestinal implantation of bifidibacterium bifidum in the adult--study of a new technic of preparation for gastrointestinal surgery]. 19744831250
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell-wall inhibition. vi. biosynthesis of the galactosyldiglycerides. 19744838219
growth of bifidobacterium bifidum n4 in solid medium limited by exogenous lactose. 19744431102
the production of bisulfite from pantetheine-s-sulfonic acid by bifidobacterium bifidum. 19744434589
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell wall inhibition. vii. structure of the phosphogalactolipids. 19744367972
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell wall inhibition. viii. composition and metabolism of phospholipids at different stages and conditions of growth.1. the phospholipid content and composition of bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus is markedly influenced by the growth phase, the ph and the presence of human milk in the culture medium. 2. the lipid-phosphorus content of the cells increases during the first period of active growth, but decreases later. the lipid-phosphorus content of the cells in the stationary phase is at constant ph 5.5 about 45 percent of that at constant ph 6.8 and final ph 5.2. this difference is caused by a gener ...1975237545
[the incidence of bacterium bifidum excretion in adults with different gastrointestinal diseases]. 19751214655
biochemical changes in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus after cell wall inhibition. ix. metabolism and release of cellular lipids in the presence of antibiotics.inhibiton of cell wall synthesis caused simultaneously an increase in cellular phospho-and glycolipids and a marked release of these compounds to the medium. the composition of the cellular and the released glyco-and phospholipids was almost the same. antibiotics, which inhibit cell wall synthesis, did not influence glycolipid composition, but increased the relative and absolute amounts of disphosphatidylglycerol and its lysoderivatives. incorporation and chase experiments demonstrated a conside ...197664257
metabolic relationships between phospho(galacto)lipids in bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus. 1976955100
biosynthesis of phosphogalactolipids and diphosphatidylglycerol in a membrane fraction of bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus. 1976974091
[composition of nucleic acids and concentration of methylated bases in the dna of bifidobacterium bifidum var. tissier].nucleotide composition of the sum total dna of b. bifidum, biotype iii, was determined by paper chromatography in combination with ultraviolet spectrophotometry. dna of b. bifidum was referred to the gc-type (gc -- 62.6 mol%). two additional nitrogen bases were present in the dna composition; 5-methylcytosine and 6-methylaminopurine -- 0.45 mol% and 0.20 mol%, respectively. nucleotide composition of the sum total rna was studied with the aid of high-voltage electrophoresis in combination with ul ...1976983588
effects of antibiotics on metabolism of peptidoglycan, protein, and lipids in bifidobacterium bifidum subsp. pennsylvanicus.the formation of cell envelope components of bifidobacterium bifidum subsp. pennsylvanicus was studied by measuring the incorporation of [(3)h]glycine, (14)c-labeled fatty acids, and n-benzoyl-[(14)c]glucosamine into the membrane protein, membrane lipids, and cell wall peptidoglycan, respectively. inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis by antibiotics (penicillin g, vancomycin, d-cycloserine, and bacitracin) and by the omission of glucosamine-containing growth factors caused a marked decrease in g ...19761008539
fermentation of mucins and plant polysaccharides by anaerobic bacteria from the human colon.a total of 154 strains from 22 species of bifidobacterium, peptostreptococcus, lactobacillus, ruminococcus, coprococcus, eubacterium, and fusobacterium, which are present in high concentrations in the human colon, were surveyed for their ability to ferment 21 different complex carbohydrates. plant polysaccharides, including amylose, amylopectin, pectin, polygalacturonate, xylan, laminarin, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum ghatti, gum arabic, and gum tragacanth, were fermented by some strains from ...1977563214
effects of growth conditions on the lipid composition of bifidobacterium bifidum subsp. pennsylvanicum.lipid-phosphorus and lipid-galactose content and phospholipid and fatty acid composition of bifidobacterium bifidum subsp. pennsylvanicum were examined under a wide variety of growth conditions. cells from 29-c cultures contained less lipid-phosphorus than did cells from 37-c cultures, but their lipid-galactose content and phospholipid composition did not differ. at both temperatures, the growth phase influenced the lipid composition similarly. phosphate, mg2+ and k+ concentrations in the medium ...1977596859
effects of growth conditions on the ion composition of bifidobacterium bifidum subsp. pennsylvanicum.the cation content of bifidobacterium bifidum subsp. pennsylvanicum was markedly influenced by the washing procedure of the cells, by the growth phase and the temperature, and by the composition of the culture medium. optimal retention of cations was achieved by washing with 0.25 m mgcl2 at 20c. the intracellular na+ concentration rose during growth in normal medium to a constant value in the stationary phase, the k+ concentration rose in the exponential phase, but fell in the stationary phase. ...1977596860
[fine structure of bifidobacterium bifidum].cultures of bifidobacterium bifidum 1 were grown in liquid and semisolid nutrient media for 14 hours to 6 days. their preparations were then studied by electron microscopy on ultra-thin sections after a routine chemical fixation or on replicas after rapid freezing-fracturing and etching. this procedure made it possible to obtain new data about the structural organization of cells in the course of growth of cultures which were characterized by desynchronization of growth and division processes. t ...1978713883
presence of a single enzyme catalyzing the pyrophosphorolysis of udp-glucose and udp-galactose in bifidobacterium bifidum.the enzyme preparation catalyzing the pyrophosphorolyses of udp-glucose and udpgalactose almost at the same rate was purified about 900-fold from bifidobacterium bifidum grown on glucose medium. the two activities were always associated with each other, and their activity ratio was always constant throughout the purification steps. the final preparations was revealed homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence and absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. there was no significant ...1978718964
effects of antibiotics on the cation composition of bifidobacterium bifidum subspecies pennsylvanicum.cell wall-inhibitory antibiotics caused a marked reduction of intracellular k+ and a small increase of na+, together resulting in a decline of intracellular cation content. chloramphenicol and tetracycline increased intracellular k+ but actinomycin decreased both na+ and k+ content. the release and uptake of 86rb+ were similarly affected by the antibiotics as the k+ content. the osmotic resistance of the protoplasts isolated from antibiotic-treated cells was apparently increased by inhibitors of ...1978755153
interactions between bifidobacterium bifidum n4 and escherichia coli k-12 in their mixed cultures.the interactions between bifidobacterium bifidum n4 (b. bifidum) and escherichia coli k-12 (e. coli) were investigated in their mixed cultures. under conditions in which both bacteria grew well in their pure culture, b. bifidum inhibited the growth of e. coli even when the latter was inoculated at 10(4)-fold and preincubated for 41 hr. the inhibition in the mixed cultures appeared when the ph values were reduced below 4.6. when the lowering of ph was prevented by the addition of naoh, no inhibit ...197837291
lipoquinones of some spore-forming rods, lactic-acid bacteria and actinomycetes.the respiratory quinones of 73 strains of gram-positive bacteria including spore-forming rods, lactic-acid bacteria and actinomyctes were examined. menaquinones with seven isoprenoid units (mk-7) were the main quinone type found in representatives of the genus bacillus and in sporolactobacillus inulinus. however, a strain of b. thuringiensis produced mk-8 in addition to mk-7, and strains of b. lentus and b. pantothenticus appeared to produce mk-9 and mk-8, respectively, with no mk-7. in the clos ...1979119033
[antagonistic interrelationships of bifidobacterium bifidum i proteus vulgaris in vitro in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic chicks].the antagonistic relations between bacterium bifidum, strain i/850 phi, and proteus vulgaris, strain f-30, were studied. these organisms, when introduced together in equal doses into the digestive tract of gnotobiotic chickens in a single administration, were shown to create certain ecological correlations in various organs with the prevalence of bifidobacteria which exerted no negative influence on proteus vulgaris. the additional daily administration of bifidobacteria for 3 days running in dos ...1979382712
purification and properties of udp-glucose (udp-galactose) pyrophosphorylase from bifidobacterium bifidum.an enzyme having both udp-glucose (udp-glc) and udp-galactose (udp-gal) pyrophosphorylase activities was purified to homogeneity from bifidobacterium bifidum. the molecular weight of the enzyme was about 200,000 and it appeared to be composed of four identical subunits. the purified enzyme showed almost the same reactivity towards udp-glc and udp-gal, and showed about 10% of this activity towards udp-xylose at 8 mm. the enzyme required magnesium ions for maximum activity. the apparent equilibriu ...1979500588
[treatment of enterocolitis and other intestinal disorders with a bifidobacterium bifidum and lactobacillus acidophilus combination]. 19806778648
influence of breast-feeding on the bifid flora of the newborn intestine.because of the predominance of bifidobacterium bifidum in the intestine of the breast-fed infant, growth promoting factors were sought in human milk. in vitro, studies showed the presence of specific growth factors for b. bifidum in human milk. other milks, including cow's milk, sheep's milk, pig's milk, and infant formulas did not promote the growth of this species, but did show activity on bifidobacterium infantis and bifidobacterium longum.19807192050
[studies on intestinal absorption of cellular constituents of bifidobacterium. 1. absorption of radioactivity of (3h) leucine-labeled bifidobacterium bifidum cells and subcellular materials in germfree and conventional mice (author's transl)]. 19807277697
selective localization and growth of bifidobacterium bifidum in mouse tumors following intravenous administration.a strain of domestic bacteria, bifidobacterium bifidum (lac b), which is nonpathogenic and anerobic, selectively localized and proliferated in several types of mouse tumors following i.v. administration. none of the same bacilli could be detected in the tissues of healthy organs such as the liver, spleen, kidney, lung, blood, bone marrow, and muscle 48 or 96 hr after i.v. administration into tumor-bearing mice. proliferation of lac b in the tumor was artifically stimulated by i.p. administration ...19806989495
[interaction between bifidobacterium bifidum, proteus vulgaris, and klebsiella pneumoniae 204 in the gastrointestinal tract of gnotobiotic chicks].experiments on gnotobiont chickens indicated that the strains b. bifidum 1/85 phi, p. vulgaris f-30 and k. pneumoniae 204, when introduced simultaneously into the gastrointestinal tract in a single administration, proliferate there with the pronounced predominance of bifidobacteria. 6 additional administrations of b. bifidum 1/85 phi culture resulted in the complete suppression of microorganisms belonging to the genera rroteus and klebsiella as early as 10 days after the introduction of bifidoba ...19817018135
considerations on the value of freeze-etching technique in studying the ultrastructure of some anaerobic bacteria.samples from periodic cultures of clostridium perfringens, clostridium oedematiens, clostridium tetani and bifidobacterium bifidum grown in liquid nutrient media were studied after freeze-fracturing and etching without pretreatment by means of chemical agents including cryo-protectants. subunits in the cell all of cl. tetani and differences in the distribution of globular particles in the plasma membrane of the investigated bacteria are revealed.19816261293
[induced colonization of bifidobacterium bifidum and lactobacillus acidophilus in hospitalized newborn infants]. 19826808329
purification and certain properties of a bacteriocin from streptococcus mutans.an inhibition factor from streptococcus mutans strain c3603 (serotype c) was purified and isolated, and its properties indicated that it was a bacteriocin. bacteriocin c3603 is a basic protein with a pi value of 10 and a molecular weight of 4,800. the activity of this bacteriocin was not affected by ph over a range of 1.0 to 12.0 or by storage at 100 degrees c for 10 min at ph 2.0 to 7.0 or storage at 121 degrees c for 15 min at ph 4.0. pronase; papain, phospholipase c, trypsin, and alpha-amylas ...19827068219
high performance liquid chromatographic determination of bifidobacterium bifidum growth factors in human milk.an isocratic high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method has been developed for the determination of bifidobacterium bifidum growth factors in human milk. the method involves the gradual addition of 3 volumes of ethanol to the milk sample, filtration, and analysis of the growth factors in the filtrate by hplc. the hplc system consisted of a carbohydrate analysis column, a water-acetonitrile (70 + 30) solvent system, a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, and a refractive index detector. the method ...19836826499
structure of the lipoteichoic acids from bifidobacterium bifidum spp. pennsylvanicum.the lipoteichoic acids from bifidobacterium bifidum spp. pennsylvanicum were extracted from cytoplasmic membranes or from disintegrated bacteria with aqueous phenol and purified by gel chromatography. the lipoteichoic acid preparations contained phosphate, glycerol, galactose, glucose and fatty acids in a molar ratio of 1.0:1.0:1.3:1.2:0.3. chemical analysis and nmr studies of the native preparations and of products from various acid and alkaline hydrolysis procedures gave evidence for the struc ...19846477947
iron uptake by the microaerophilic anaerobe bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus.a system was designed to investigate ferrous iron transport into bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus. it involved the incubation of the organisms with labeled ferrous iron in the norris medium at ph 5, in which the bacteria had grown. iron uptakes were similar under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. ferrous but not ferric iron was taken up by the organisms. iron uptake showed saturation kinetics and a marked temperature dependence. 2,4-dinitrophenol and thenoltrifluoroacetate but not azi ...19846518721
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