Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [developmental cycle of an aerobic sporogen, bacillus sphaericus, with special reference to nuclear structure]. | 1951 | 14914092 | |
| [relation of the chromatin substance to the antigenic properties of the spores of bacillus sphaericus]. | 1951 | 14921822 | |
| the sporulation of bacillus sphaericus stimulated by association with other bacteria: an effect of carbon dioxide. | 1955 | 13252210 | |
| alpha-epsilon-diaminopimelic acid metabolism and sporulation in bacillus sphaericus. | 1957 | 13426088 | |
| the effects of vitamin b6 and its derivatives on diaminopimelic acid decarboxylase in bacillus sphaericus asporogenous. | 1958 | 13560460 | |
| the changes in the total vitamin b6 and the pyridoxal phosphate content of cells of bacillus sphaericus during growth and sporulation: their possible relationships with alphaepsilon-diaminopimelic acid metabolism. | 1958 | 13584306 | |
| sporulation of bacillus sphaericus grown in association with erwinia atroseptica. | 1961 | 16561899 | |
| identification of vitamin k2(35), an apparent cofactor of a steroidal 1-dehydrogenase of bacillus sphaericus. | 1962 | 13946233 | |
| some observations on the delta 1-dehydrogenation of steroids by bacillus sphaericus. | 1963 | 13983611 | |
| microbial interactions: population and sporulation studies of bacillus sphaericus grown in association with erwinia atroseptica. | 1964 | 14160080 | |
| preparation and properties of a vi antigen-degrading enzyme. | baker, edgar e. (boston university school of medicine, boston, mass.), and roberta e. whiteside. preparation and properties of a vi antigen-degrading enzyme. j. bacteriol. 89:1217-1224. 1965.-vi antigen can be hydrolyzed by an inducible enzyme produced by a microorganism isolated from soil. the organism can be identified as bacillus sphaericus. the enzyme in the culture supernatant fluid can be concentrated and partially purified by precipitation with ammonium sulfate at 50% of saturation. the p ... | 1965 | 14292989 |
| bacillus sphaericus neide as a pathogen of mosquitoes. | 1965 | 5848795 | |
| steroids and steroidases. ii. a general gas-liquid chromatographic assay for steroidases and its application to the c-1,2-dehydrogenase of bacillus sphaericus. | 1966 | 5968605 | |
| cell wall polymers of bacillus sphaericus 9602. i. structure of the vegetative cell wall peptidoglycan. | 1969 | 5387524 | |
| [decarboxylation of l-methionine by proteus vulgaris and bacillus sphaericus]. | 1969 | 5812848 | |
| a case of meningitis and generalized shwartzman reaction caused by bacillus sphaericus. | 1969 | 5821936 | |
| degradation of urea herbicides by cell-free extracts of bacillus sphaericus. | n'-methoxy phenylurea herbicides are degraded by induced cells of bacillus sphaericus atcc 12123 by liberating carbon dioxide from the ureido portion of the molecule and leaving the corresponding aniline moieties. cell-free extracts of b. sphaericus inactivate these herbicides in the same way as reported for whole cells. a 6.6-fold purification of the crude extract was achieved by a combination of salt fractionation with ammonium sulfate and column chromatography on diethyl-aminoethyl cellulose. | 1970 | 5422303 |
| [freeze etching of different strains of bacillus sphaericus]. | 1970 | 4918630 | |
| cell wall polymers of bacillus sphaericus 9602. ii. synthesis of the first enzyme unique to cortex synthesis during sporulation. | the cell wall peptidoglycan of vegetative cells of bacillus sphaericus 9602 contains l-lysine and d-isoasparagine and is devoid of diaminopimelic acid (dap), whereas the peptidoglycan of its spore cortex is devoid of l-lysine and d-isoasparagine and contains meso-dap. these two structures have a common biosynthetic precursor, uridine-diphospho-n-acetylmuramyl-l- alanyl-d-glutamic acid, which accepts either l-lysine or meso-dap, the latter reaction being the first unique to the synthesis of the s ... | 1970 | 4988239 |
| [studies on a valine carboxy-lyase of bacillus sphaericus]. | 1971 | 5110120 | |
| degradation of linuron and some other herbicides and fungicides by a linuron-inducible enzyme obtained from bacillus sphaericus. | linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] induces the formation of an enzyme (acylamidase) responsible for the degradation of a large variety of different herbicides and fungicides of the acylanilide and phenylurea type. the former type is degraded at a rate at least 10 times higher than the latter. | 1971 | 5119200 |
| [the degradation of phenylamides by bacillus sphaericus]. | 1971 | 5132463 | |
| identification of n, o-dimethylhydroxylamine as a microbial degradation product of the herbicide, linuron. | n, o-dimethylhydroxylamine was identified as a degradation product of linuron formed in the presence of extracts of bacillus sphaericus atcc 12123 by characterization of its dinitrophenyl derivative. | 1972 | 5021977 |
| a polypeptide bacteriophage receptor: modified cell wall protein subunits in bacteriophage-resistant mutants of bacillus sphaericus strain p-1. | bacillus sphaericus strain p-1 has previously been shown to have a tetragonally arrayed (t layer) protein which forms the outer layer of the cell wall. the t layer was quantitatively extracted from whole cells by 6 m urea, and the t layer subunits were purified by electrophoresis of the extracts on acrylamide gels containing 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate or 6 m urea. using ethylene diacrylate cross-linked gels, the t layer was found to make up 16% of the total cellular protein. a virulent bacterio ... | 1973 | 4120609 |
| abundant growth and sporulation of bacillus sphaericus nca hoop 1-a-2 in a chemically defined medium. | 1973 | 4631047 | |
| purification and properties of an aryl acylamidase of bacillus sphaericus, catalyzing the hydrolysis of various phenylamide herbicides and fungicides. | from bacillus sphaericus atcc 12123 an aryl acylamidase (ec 3.5.1.13) was purified to homogeneity by ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme is inducible by various phenylamides of the acylanilide, phenylcarbamate, and methoxysubstituted phenylurea type. it has a molecular weight of 75,000. enzyme activity was inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents, several metal ions, and 3,4-dichloroaniline (a product of linuron degradation). a requirement for ... | 1973 | 4762392 |
| inactivation of dried bacteria and bacterial spores by means of gamma irradiation at high temperatures. | dried preparations with streptococcus faecium, strain a(2)1, and spores of bacillus sphaericus, strain c(i)a, normally used for control of the microbiological efficiency of radiation sterilization plants and preparations with spores of bacillus subtilis, normally used for control of sterilization by dry heat, formalin, and ethylene oxide, as well as similar preparations with micrococcus radiodurans, strain r(1), and spores of bacillus globigii (b. subtilis, var. niger) were gamma irradiated with ... | 1974 | 4208509 |
| the in vivo effects of leucine dehydrogenase from bacillus sphaericus. | 1974 | 4369314 | |
| cell wall polymers of bacillus sphaericus: activities of enzymes involved in peptidoglycan precursor synthesis during sporulation. | in synchronously sporulating cells of bacillus sphaericus 9602, the specific activities of those enzymes specifically required for the synthesis of the udp-n-acetyl-muramyl-pentapeptide precursor of vegetative cell wall peptidoglycan decay by 50% after the end of exponential cell division, probably as a consequence of dilution by newly synthesized protein. the meso-diaminopimelate ligase is the only new activity whose synthesis is required for synthesis of the nucleotide-pentapeptide precursor o ... | 1974 | 4417383 |
| appearance of gamma-d-glutamyl-(l) meso-diaminopimealate peptidoglycan hydrolase during sporulation in bacillus sphaericus. | particulate preparations from sporulating cells of bacillus sphaericus 9602 contained an endopeptidase activity that hydrolyzed the gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)meso-diaminopimelic acid linkages found in the spore cortical peptidoglycan of this organism. diaminopimelic acid did not occur in the vegetative cell wall peptidoglycan, and the gamma-d-glutamyl-l-lysine linkages found in this polymer were not hydrolyzed by the endopeptidase. the endopeptidase hydrolyzed (x)-l-alanyl-gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)meso-dia ... | 1974 | 4417809 |
| purification and crystallization of d-amino acid aminotransferase of bacillus sphaericus. | 1974 | 4420466 | |
| [changes in the antigenic composition of bacillus sphaericus atcc 7055 in the presence of reichstein's s substance]. | 1974 | 4453203 | |
| purification and properties of pepstatin hydrolase from bacillus sphaericus. | 1975 | 1364 | |
| ultrastructural studies of sporulation in bacillus sphaericus. | spore septum formation in bacillus sphaericus 9602 occurs 2 h after the end of exponential growth at one end of the vegetative cell, which retains a uniform diameter. the apparently rigid spore septum contains an inner cell wall layer which disappears when the sporulation septum "bulges" into the mother cell cytoplasm. this process occurs simultaneously with terminal swelling at the end of the cell containing the spore septum. it is suggested that the inner cell wall layer is peptidoglycan and t ... | 1975 | 1097399 |
| pathogenesis of bacillus sphaericus strain ssii-1 infections in culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (equal to c. pipiens fatigans) larvae. | 1975 | 1117164 | |
| inhibition of phenylamide hydrolysis by bacillus sphaericus with methylcarbamate and organophosphorus insecticides. | the degradation of the phenylamide herbicides monolinuron, linuron, and solan by cultures of bacillus sphaericus atcc 12123 was inhibited by the methylcarbamate insecticides metmercapturon, aldicarb, propoxur, and carbaryl and by the organophosphorus insecticides fenthion and parathion. the extent of inhibition was largest with metmercapturon and smallest with parathion inhibition of hydrolysis of the two phenylurea herbicides was greater than of the acylanilide compound. tests with crude enzyme ... | 1975 | 1155931 |
| d-amino acid aminotransferase of bacillus sphaericus. enzymologic and spectrometric properties. | d-amino acid aminotransferase, purified to homogeneity and crystallized from bacillus sphaericus, has a molecular weight of about 60,000 and consists of two subunits identical in molecular weight (30,000). the enzyme exhibits absorption maxima at 280, 330, and 415 nm, which are independent of the ph (5.5 to 10.0), and contains 2 mol of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate per mol of enzyme. one of the pyridoxal-5'-p, absorbing at 415 nm, is bound in an aldimine linkage to the epsilon-amino group of a lysine r ... | 1975 | 1158891 |
| efficacy of the inactivation of bacterial spores in white petrolatum and a hydrophilic ointment by gamma irradiation. | to evaluate the possibilities of using gamma irradiation for the sterilization of ointments, the effect of irradiation on spores of bacillus pumilus and bacillus sphaericus in dry material and in two different kinds of ointments was studied. the results indicate that for sterilization purposes irradiation was less effective in white petrolatum as compared to irradiation in the dry state. no such protective effect was found in a hydrophilic ointment. accordingly, the sterilization dose needed for ... | 1975 | 1190757 |
| biological studies of amiclenomycin. | the action of amiclenomycin (am) in inhibiting growth of microorganisms is specific against mycobacteria in vitro, but the antibiotic does not show a therapeutic effect against tubercle bacilli in vivo. the action of am is reversed by biotin, desthiobiotin (dtb) and 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid (dapa), but not by 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid (kapa), pimelic acid and glutaric acid. in the presence of am, cultures of mycobacterium smegmatis and bacillus sphaericus accumulated kapa, whereas the form ... | 1975 | 805118 |
| degradation of 3-hydroxybenzoate by bacteria of the genus bacillus. | the pathway whereby certain bacterial strains of the genus bacillus degrade m-hydroxybenzoate is delineated. of 12 strains examined, nine were tentatively classified as representatives of the species bacillus brevis, two of bacillus sphaericus and one of bacillus megaterium. all strains degraded m-hydroxybenzoate via the same pathway. m-hydroxybenzoate was hydroxylated to 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate (gentisate), which was oxidized by a gentisate 1,2-deoxygenase yielding maleylpyruvate. maleylpyruvate ... | 1975 | 810087 |
| relationship between cortex content and properties of bacillus sphaericus spores. | the muramic lactam content of spores of bacillus sphaericus mutants defective in meso-diaminopimelic acid synthesis increases almost linearly with an increase of meso-diaminopimelic acid concentration in the medium. since muramic lactam content is a measure of cortex content, the amount of cortex in spores of the mutants can be easily varied by changing the meso-diaminopimelic acid concentration in the medium. characteristic properties were tested in spores containing different amounts of corte ... | 1976 | 944183 |
| electron microscope studies of conditional spore cortexless mutants of bacillus sphaericus. | spore cortex of conditional cortexless mutants of bacillus sphaericus 9602 was not detectable by electron microscopy unless the medium was supplemented with meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelic acid during sporulation. other spore structures appeared normal. spore shape was quite irregular in the absence of meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelic acid. | 1976 | 956130 |
| pseudotumour of the lung caused by infection with bacillus sphaericus. | a patient is described who suffered from severe chronic asthma complicated by repeated chest infections. she developed a large gelatinous pseudotumour of the lung which was found to be caused by bacillus sphaericus. | 1976 | 977782 |
| [hydrolysis of methoxysubstituted phenylureas, acylanilides and phenylcarbamates by a microbial aryl acylamidase (author's transl)]. | the phenylurea herbicide linuron is hydrolyzed by bacillus sphaericus atcc 12123 quantitatively forming 3,4-dichloroaniline, co2, and n,o-dimethylhydroxylamine. the inducible enzyme responsible for this hydrolysis was purified to homogeneity as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. its molecular weight was 75 000 +/- 10%. studies on its substrate specificity showed that either whole cells as the linuron-induced enzyme hydrolyze a large number of herbicidal and fungicidal acylanilides, th ... | 1976 | 998041 |
| molecular weight variation among bacterial flagellins. | the molecular weights of flagellins from 29 bacterial strains from 11 genera were investigated using the technique of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. the molecular weights range from 28,600 for bacillus sphaericus to 63,200 for one strain of escherichia coli. variation in molecular weight was observed not only between genera but also between different species of a genus and different strains of a species. | 1976 | 1026849 |
| transcriptional control of peptidoglycan precursor synthesis during sporulation in bacillus sphaericus. | synthesis of enzymes functional in the synthesis of nucleotide precursors of peptidoglycan ceases upon initiation of sporulation in bacillus sphaericus. during sporulation, two periods of synthesis of these enzymes occur. the first starts at spore septum formation and is conincident with forespore engulfment; it involves the synthesis of those enzymes required for making the precursor of vegetative-type peptidoglycan, including l-lysyl ligase but no mesodiaminopimelyl ligase. the second period o ... | 1976 | 1043879 |
| conditional spore cortex-less mutants of bacillus sphaericus 9602. | lysine-requiring mutants of bacillus sphaericus 9602 were isolated and classified into three groups by their mutation site in the pathway of lysine biosynthesis. the group i mutant lacks meso-alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid (meso-dap) decarboxylase activity, but group ii and iii mutants have a normal level of dap decarboxylase activity. a group ii mutant makes dipicolinic acid from an intermediate in the lysine pathway, but group iii mutants do not. in the absence of meso-dap in the culture, ... | 1976 | 767335 |
| distribution of peptidoglycan synthetase activities between sporangia and forespores in sporulating cells of bacillus sphaericus. | sporulating cells of bacillus sphaericus 9602 containing fully engulfed forespores at different stages of maturity were broken by ultrasonic disruption, followed by grinding with alumina. in this way soluble enzymes derived mainly from the sporangial or from the forespore cytoplasms were obtained. diaminopimelate ligase activity is required exclusively for cortical peptidoglycan synthesis, is absent during vegetative growth, and is synthesized during forespore maturation. it is found exclusively ... | 1976 | 1262302 |
| occurrence of meso-alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase in bacillus sphaericus. | 1976 | 10904 | |
| characterization and separation of exocellular gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)meso-diaminopimelate endopeptidase and ld-carboxypeptidase from bacillus sphaericus 9602. | two exocellular enzymes have been characterized in the culture media of sporulating bacillus sphaericus 9602 : a gamma-d-glutamyl-(l) meso-diaminopimelate endopeptidase and a l-lysyl-d-alanine carboxypeptidase. these two enzymes and the corresponding membrane-bound peptidases found in bacillus sphaericus and bacillus subtilis strains have similar activities. their separation is described. both enzymes were precipitated between 25 and 65 per cent (nh4)2so4 saturation and a first chromatography wa ... | 1977 | 15631 |
| bioassay of three strains of bacillus sphaericus on field-collected mosquito larvae. | 1977 | 20477 | |
| a new sequence-specific endonuclease (bsp) from bacillus sphaericus. | a new restriction endonuclease has been isolated from bacillus sphaericus r. the purification procedure includes bio-gel filtration, (nh4)2so4 fractionation and phosphocellulose chromatography. after the phosphocellulose step the enzyme preparation is free of non-specific nucleases. bsp cleaves double-stranded dna with the same specificity as bacillus subtilis (bsu) and haemophilus aegyptius (haeiii) restriction endonucleases, as concluded from digests and double-digests of phix174 replicative f ... | 1977 | 590742 |
| inactivation of bacterial d-amino acid transaminases by the olefinic amino acid d-vinylglycine. | d-vinylglycine (2-amino-3-butenoate) functions as a transamination substrate and irreversible inactivator of the homogeneous pyridoxal phosphate-dependent d-amino acid transaminases from bacillus subtilis and bacillus sphaericus. in the absence of alpha-ketoglutarate as co-substrate, vinyl-glycine causes little if any inactivation of either enzyme; in the presence of excess alpha-ketoglutarate, both enzymes are inactivated with pseudo-first order kinetics. the limiting rate constant for inactiva ... | 1977 | 402367 |
| specificity profiles of the membrane-bound gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)meso-diaminopimelateendopeptidase and ld-carboxypeptidase from bacillus sphaericus 9602. | immunological studies on the carboxypeptidase y mutant prel-1 of saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed the origin of mutation in the structural gene of carboxypeptidase y. the absence of carboxypeptidase y has no effect on growth, even after drastic changes of growth conditions... | 1977 | 849747 |
| inactivation of bacterial d-amino acid transaminase by beta-chloro-d-alanine. | purified d-amino acid transaminase from bacillus sphaericus catalyzes an alpha,beta elimination from the d isomer of beta-chloroalanine to yield equivalent amounts of pyruvate, chloride, and ammonia; the l isomer of chloroalanine is not a substrate for this transaminase. during the beta elimination there is a synchronous loss in enzyme activity; the kinact for beta-chloroalanine was estimated to be about 10 micrometers. the alpha-aminoacrylate-schiff base intermediate formed after beta eliminati ... | 1977 | 863877 |
| toxic activity of bacillus sphaericus ssii-1 for mosquito larvae. | using larvae of the mosquito culex pipiens var. quinquefasciatus as a bioassay system, we have verified an earlier proposal that pathogenicity of bacillus sphaericus ssii-1 is a toxin-mediated rather than an infectious process. chloroform or ultraviolet-light treatments that decreased the viable count of ssii-1 cells by 4 or 5 logs did not significantly alter the ability of the bacterial cells to kill larvae. three lines of evidence indicated that toxic activity was not related to sporulation: ( ... | 1978 | 640722 |
| properties of crystalline leucine dehydrogenase from bacillus sphaericus. | the distribution of bacterial leucine dehydrogenase (l-leucine:nad+ oxidoreductase, deaminating, ec 1.4.1.9) was investigated, and bacillus sphaericus (ifo 3525) was found to have the highest activity of the enzyme. leucine dehydrogenase, which was purified to homogeneity and crystallized from b. sphaericus, has a molecular weight of about 245,000 and consists of six identical subunits (mr = 41,000). the enzyme catalyzes the oxidative deamination of l-leucine, l-valine, l-isoleucine, l-norvaline ... | 1978 | 670223 |
| biochemical characterization of the restriction-modification system of bacillus sphaericus. | a type ii restriction endonuclease (endo r . bsp) has been purified from bacillus sphaericus to electrophoretic homogeneity. the enzyme appears to be a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 35000. its ph optimum is around 8.2, it requires 20 mm mg2+ for optimal activity and it is inhibited by zn2+. the yield of the enzyme is higher than that of any type ii restriction endonuclease so far reported. the enzyme also cleaves single-stranded dna, albeit at a slower rate. it seems likely ... | 1978 | 710408 |
| meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelate d-dehydrogenase: distribution and the reaction product. | a high activity of meso-alpha-epsilon-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase was found in extracts of bacillus sphaericus, brevibacterium sp., corynebacterium glutamicum, and proteus vulgaris among bacteria tested. b. sphaericus ifo 3525, in which the enzyme is most abundant, was chosen to study the enzyme reaction. the enzyme was not induced by the addition of meso-alpha-epsilon-diaminopimelate to the growth medium. the reaction product was isolated and identified as alpha-amino-epsilon-ketopimelate by ... | 1979 | 762012 |
| food availability and period of exposure as factors of bacillus sphaericus efficacy on mosquito larvae. | 1979 | 43341 | |
| ultrastructure of midgut events in the pathogenesis of bacillus sphaericus strain ssii-1 infections of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus larvae. | the fate of bacillus sphaericus strain ssii-1 cells ingested by culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (= c. pipiens fatigans, c. fatigans, c. quinquefasciatus of authors; diptera: culicidae) larvae and the cytological events preceding death of the host were observed using electron microscopy. bacillus sphaericus cells were digested rapidly in the anterior and central midgut. the outer cell wall layer and cytoplasmic ground substance disappeared soon after ingestion. cytolysosomes became prominent in mi ... | 1979 | 436015 |
| location of peptidoglycan lytic enzymes in bacillus sphaericus. | the level of three peptidoglycan hydrolases was determined in the mother cell compartment and forespores of bacillus sphaericus. vegetative and sporulating cells contained in ld-carboxypeptidase active only on the vegetative cell wall peptidoglycan, and we have previously shown that sporulation is accompanied by the production of two new enzymes active only on the spore cortex peptidoglycan. these gamma-d-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate endopeptidase and a meso-diaminopimelate-d-alanine dipeptida ... | 1979 | 438128 |
| specific interaction of the tetragonally arrayed protein layer of bacillus sphaericus with its peptidoglycan sacculus. | tetragonal layer protein (t-layer) isolated from bacillus sphaericus ntcc 9602 (wild type) or 9602 lmw (variant) bonded specifically to the sacculi (peptidoglycan) of either cell type. only uncleaved t-layer subunits were capable of specific recognition of the b. sphaericus sacculi; other bacillus strains and gram-positive bacterial sacculi would not adsorb b. sphaericus strain 9602 t-layer. the peptidogylcan did not function as a template since isolated t-layer subunits self-assembled into char ... | 1979 | 457591 |
| isolation, characterization, and in vitro assembly of the tetragonally arrayed layer of bacillus sphaericus. | the tetragonally arranged cell wall layer (t-layer) of bacillus sphaericus ntcc 9602 was isolated and characterized. parallel studies were made on a spontaneous variant of the wild-type strain which had a t-layer subunit of altered molecular weight. a purification method for the t-layers was devised which involved separation of the cell walls from the cytoplasmic contents, urea dissociation of the t-layer from the cell walls, removal of soluble contaminants by differential centrifugation, and fi ... | 1979 | 457597 |
| [characterisation of a new endopeptidase from sporulating bacillus sphaericus which is specific for the gamma-d-glutamyl-l-lysine and gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)meso-diaminopimelate linkages of peptidoglycan substrates (author's transl)]. | a new peptidase which splits substrates related to the peptidic chains of peptidoglycans was found in the cell cytoplasm of sporulating bacillus sphaericus. this is a gamma-d-glutamyl-l-diaminoacid endopeptidase (endopeptidase ii). it was shown to have substrate requirements different from those of the previously described gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)meso-diaminopimelate endopeptidase (endopeptidase i). the substrates for endopeptidase ii are peptides of the general type: formula: (see text). unsubstitu ... | 1979 | 488088 |
| purification and properties of alanine dehydrogenase from bacillus sphaericus. | 1. the bacterial distribution of alanine dehydrogenase (l-alanine:nad+ oxidoreductase, deaminating, ec 1.4.1.1) was investigated, and high activity was found in bacillus species. the enzyme has been purified to homogeneity and crystallized from b. sphaericus (ifo 3525), in which the highest activity occurs. 2. the enzyme has a molecular weight of about 230 000, and is composed of six identical subunits (mr 38 000). 3. the enzyme acts almost specifically on l-alanine, but shows low amino-acceptor ... | 1979 | 488097 |
| purification and crystallization of l-ornithine:alpha-ketoglutarate delta-aminotransferase from bacillus sphaericus. | 1979 | 488351 | |
| comparative studies of the mosquito-larval toxin of bacillus sphaericus ssii-1 and 1593. | two strains of bacillus sphaericus. ssii-1 and 1593, were bioassayed for toxic activity against second-instar larvae of the mosquito culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. it was found that strain 1593 developed a level of toxicity 3000 times that of strain ssii-1. although the toxic activity of b. sphaericus ssii-1 was relatively unchanged throughout growth, an increase in activity of strain 1593 occurred as the bacteria began to sporulate. strain differences were examined by (i) growth cycle experime ... | 1979 | 540250 |
| [biochemical and serological characterization of "bacillus sphaericus" strains, pathogenic or non-pathogenic for mosquitoes (author's transl)]. | a biochemical and serological study of 35 bacillus sphaericus strains including some pathogenic for mosquito larvae, is reported. a classification of these, and a differentiation of the pathogenic strains, cannot be made on the basis of the 78 phenotypic characters which have been determined by conventional methods. numerical analysis of the results given by the auxanograms on 160 substrates, gives good results. an even more valuable approach is the flagellar agglutination technique, which clear ... | 1980 | 6109513 |
| entomotoxic action of bacillus sphaericus cultured in different substrates. | 1980 | 6112204 | |
| cloning the modification methylase gene of bacillus sphaericus r in escherichia coli. | the gene coding for the sequence-specific modification methylase methm . bspi of bacillus sphaericus r has been cloned in escherichia coli by means of plasmid pbr322. the selection was based on the expression of the cloned gene which rendered the recombinant plasmid resistant to bspi restriction endonuclease cleavage. the gene is carried by a 9 kb bamhi fragment and by a smaller 2.5 kb ecori fragment derived from the bamhi fragment. the bsp-specific methylase level was found to be higher in the ... | 1980 | 6254840 |
| [isolation of a spore fraction of bacillus sphaericus toxic for larvae of anopheles]. | a lethal fraction for anopheles stephensi larvae has been isolated from bacillus sphaericus strain 1593 spores by various methods the best results have been obtained by freezing and thawing which give an extract made in majority of protein with high molecular weight and causing 100% of mortality in 24 hours. because of its easy extracction and its lack of diaminopimelic acid, the toxic fraction is thought to be located outside the spore coats. | 1980 | 6780213 |
| localization of a mosquito-larval toxin of bacillus sphaericus 1593. | cell-free wall, membrane, and cytoplasmic fractions were prepared from bacillus sphaericus 1593, which exhibited toxic activity against larvae of the mosquito culex pipiens var. quinquefasciatus. breakage of 12- to 14-h cells by sonication or french pressure cell yielded toxic material which could be assayed in a standard mosquito larva bioassay. when sporulating cells of strain 1593 were fractionated, the majority of the toxic activity was localized in the cell wall rather than in the plasma me ... | 1980 | 7406488 |
| properties of meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelate d-dehydrogenase from bacillus sphaericus. | meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelate d-dehydrogenase, which has been purified to homogeneity from the extract of bacillus sphaericus ifo 3525, has a molecular weight of about 80,000 and consists of two subunits identical in molecular weight (approximately 40,000). the enzyme has a high substrate specificity. in addition to meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelate, lanthionine is deaminated by the enzyme to a far lesser extent. nadp+ is the exclusive cofactor. the ph optima were at about 10.5 for the dea ... | 1980 | 7430138 |
| comparison between bacteriophage typing and serotyping for the differentiation of bacillus sphaericus strains. | eleven bacteriophages were isolated using mosquito pathogenic strains of b. sphaericus as hosts. the phage morphology and host range on five dna homology groups including 16 mosquito pathogenic and 32 non-pathogenic strains were determined. the same bacterial strains were studied serologically for their flagellar agglutination by antisera representing eight serotypes: six antisera prepared against the reference strains for the dna homology groups and two others against selected mosquito pathogen ... | 1980 | 7469258 |
| different modes of action of inhibitors of bacterial d-amino acid transaminase. a target enzyme for the design of new antibacterial agents. | d-amino acid transaminase from bacillus sphaericus shows a deuterium kinetic isotope effect (vh/vd) between 2 and 3 in the transamination of alpha-protio- or alpha-deuterio-d-alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate, suggesting that alpha-proton abstraction is at least partially rate-limiting for this reaction. this transaminase also catalyzes a beta-elimination reaction with substrates such as beta-fluoroalanine with no detectable deuterium isotope effect (vh/bd = 1). these results, taken together with ... | 1981 | 7217082 |
| properties of crystalline l-ornithine: alpha-ketoglutarate delta-aminotransferase from bacillus sphaericus. | the distribution of bacterial l-ornithine: alpha-ketoglutarate delta-aminotransferase (l-ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase [ec 2.6.1.13]) was investigated, and bacillus sphaericus (ifo 3525) was found to have the highest activity of the enzyme, which was inducibly formed by addition of l-ornithine or l-arginine to the medium. l-ornithine:alpha-ketoglutarate delta-aminotransferase, purified to homogeneity and crystallized from b. sphaericus, had a molecular weight of about 80,000 and consiste ... | 1981 | 7287630 |
| stereochemistry of meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelate decarboxylase reaction: the first evidence for pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent decarboxylation with inversion of configuration. | the stereochemistry of the decarboxylation of meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelate catalyzed by meso-alpha,epsilon-diaminopimelate decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.20) of bacillus sphaericus was determined by stereochemical analyses of [6-2h]-l-lysine produced by the reaction in d2o. the product [6-2h]-l-lysine was converted to levorotatory methyl 5-phthalimido[5-2h]valerate by the reactions not affecting the absolute configuration of the asymmetric carbon atom. by contrast, methyl 5-phthalimido[5-2h]valer ... | 1981 | 6797466 |
| characterization and properties of an ll-oligopeptidase from sporulating cells of bacillus sphaericus. | an ll-oligopeptidase was characterized in the cell cytoplasm of sporulating bacillus sphaericus 9602. its activity showed a threefold increase throughout sporulation. the enzyme has lytic activity on various ll-dipeptides, especially on dipeptides with n-terminal l-alanine. lytic activity was also found on some tripeptides and larger peptides which contain the sequence l-ala-l-ala. the role of this oligopeptidase in relation to sporulation may be to supply the cell with l-alanine for the biosynt ... | 1981 | 7007343 |
| temperature-dependent activity of mosquito larvicidal factor(s) present in bacillus sphaericus 1593-4 and 1691. | 1981 | 6113161 | |
| nonsusceptibility of lizards exposed to the entomopathogen bacillus sphaericus. | tropical and subtropical lizards of the genus anolis were exposed to bacillus sphaericus neide strain 1593-4, which has been proposed as a safe entomopathogen specific for mosquitoes. no deleterious effects were observed in lizards exposed to live bacteria through intraperitoneal injection or aerosol spray. bacteria were lost quickly from lizard livers but were detectable at least 37 days after intraperitoneal injection. | 1981 | 16345861 |
| the restriction-modification enzymes of bacillus sphaericus r. | 1981 | 6765640 | |
| ultrastructural analysis of spores and parasporal crystals formed by bacillus sphaericus 2297. | bacillus sphaericus 2297, growing from a boiled, relatively nontoxic spore inoculum, increased about 30-fold in toxicity for mosquito larvae during early exponential growth but showed an approximately 1,000-fold toxicity increase during the late-exponential phase, as spores began to appear in the culture. the development of spores in the bacterial cells was accompanied by the formation of parasporal crystals. these parasporal crystals appeared during stage iii as the forespore septum engulfed th ... | 1982 | 16346157 |
| expansion of the tetragonally arrayed cell wall protein layer during growth of bacillus sphaericus. | the outermost layer of the cell wall of bacillus sphaericus strain p-1 is a tetragonally arrayed structure (t-layer) which is assembled from a single polypeptide. no turnover of t-layer was detected during growth of cultures. in contrast, the turnover of peptidoglycan was between 20 and 25% per generation. the sites of deposition of new t-layer on the cell surface were identified by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique, which labeled old t-layer, and by the reverse technique, which labele ... | 1982 | 7035436 |
| noninvolvement of the spore cortex in acquisition of low-molecular-weight basic proteins and uv light resistance during bacillus sphaericus sporulation. | two major low-molecular weight, acid-soluble proteins (termed a and b proteins) were purified from bacillus sphaericus spores and had properties similar to those of the analogous proteins from spores of other bacillus species. these proteins were accumulated late in sporulation, when the developing spores became resistant to uv light, and were degraded during spore germination by a spore protease. a mutant of b. sphaericus unable to make spore cortex because of a block in diaminopimelic acid (da ... | 1982 | 7056695 |
| larvicidal toxin from bacillus sphaericus spores: isolation of toxic components. | 1982 | 7106281 | |
| stability of virulence in bacillus sphaericus. | 1983 | 6874011 | |
| production of bacillus sphaericus strain 1593 primary powder on media made from locally obtainable nigerian agricultural products. | five media, formulated from dried cow blood, mineral salts, and seeds from four species of legumes, were assessed for growth, sporulation, and insecticidal properties of bacillus sphaericus strain 1593. bacterial powders, prepared from broth, were assayed against culex quinquefasciatus, anopheles gambiae, and aedes aegypti. good growth and sporulation were obtained with all the media. the highest number of viable cells and spores per mililitre (8.6 x 10(8) and 8.1 x 10(8] were obtained in media ... | 1983 | 6883226 |
| alkaline extraction of toxin from spores of the mosquito pathogen, bacillus sphaericus strain 1593. | toxin was extracted from spores of the mosquito pathogen bacillus sphaericus strain 1593 using 0.05 m naoh. the molecular weight of this toxin was 35000-54000. toxic activity of this extract was resistant to a variety of enzymes including subtilisin, but was degraded by pronase. antiserum produced to 1593 spore toxin neutralized spore toxin and cytoplasmic toxin activity, but did not react with bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis crystal toxin, nor did var. israelensis toxin antiserum react ... | 1983 | 6406023 |
| [action of bacillus sphaericus endopeptidases on bacterial peptidoglycans and peptidoglycan fragments]. | two endopeptidases have been characterized in bacillus sphaericus 9602: a gamma-d-glutamyl-(l) meso-diaminopimelate endopeptidase (endopeptidase i) and a gamma-d-glutamyl-l-diaminoacid endopeptidase (endopeptidase ii). they are active on the peptide moieties of some bacterial peptidoglycans. their specificities have been studied on peptides or monomeric glycopeptides derived from peptidoglycans. their study was attempted on dimeric and polymeric fragments of a e. coli radioactive peptidoglycan. ... | 1983 | 6409158 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli of a dna fragment from bacillus sphaericus coding for biocidal activity against mosquito larvae. | a 3.7 kb dna fragment from bacillus sphaericus 1593 was cloned and expressed in e. coli using the plasmid phv33. the level of larvicidal activity of the hybrid plasmid, pgsp03, against two species of mosquito larvae was comparable to that found with sporulating cell suspensions of b. sphaericus. a limited restriction cleavage map of the cloned insert is given. | 1983 | 6134227 |
| the comparative persistence of toxicity of bacillus sphaericus strain 1593 and bacillus thuringiensis serotype h-14 against mosquito larvae in different kinds of environments. | 1983 | 6139404 | |
| molecular cloning and expression in escherichia coli of two modification methylase genes of bacillus subtilis. | two modification methylase genes of bacillus subtilis r were cloned in escherichia coli by using a selection procedure which is based on the expression of these genes. both genes code for dna-methyltransferases which render the dna of the cloning host e. coli hb101 insensitive to the bspri (5'-ggcc) endonuclease of bacillus sphaericus r. one of the cloned genes is part of the restriction-modification (rm) system bsuri of b. subtilis r with specificity for 5'-ggcc. the other one is associated wit ... | 1983 | 6301941 |
| structure of the bacillus sphaericus r modification methylase gene. | a 2.5 x 10(3) base-pair segment of bacillus sphaericus r dna cloned in escherichia coli has previously been shown to carry the functional bspri modification methylase gene. the approximate location of the gene on this dna segment and its direction of transcription were established by subcloning experiments. the nucleotide sequence of the relevant region was determined by the maxam-gilbert procedure. an open reading frame that can code for a 424 amino acid protein was found. the calculated molecu ... | 1983 | 6313947 |
| expression of a bacterial modification methylase gene in yeast. | methylation of specific cytosines in the dna is generally believed to play some role in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. however, some eukaryotes, such as drosophila and yeast (s. hattman, personal communication) seem not to contain 5-methylcytosine in their dna. it would be interesting to test, how gene expression in such organisms would respond to the methylation of specific cytosines in the genome. as a first step towards this goal, we have introduced the gene encoding the bac ... | 1983 | 6339942 |
| sfericase, a novel proteolytic enzyme. | sfericase, a novel protease produced by a strain of bacillus sphaericus, has endopeptidase activity. sfericase inhibits various experimental acute inflammations and reduces viscosity of sputum obtained from subacute bronchitic rabbits by oral treatment. a low molecular fraction of serum obtained from animals given oral sfericase also has an anti-inflammatory effect. this result suggests that a secondarily produced substance might play a role in the manifestation of anti-inflammatory action. the ... | 1983 | 6354943 |
| effect of uv light on spore viability and mosquito larvicidal activity of bacillus sphaericus 1593. | uv light from a germicidal lamp rapidly reduced the viability of bacillus sphaericus 1593 spores, but insecticidal activity was resistant to inactivation by continuous exposure to uv light for 4 h. | 1983 | 16346405 |
| influence of heat and sodium dodecyl sulfate on the endopeptidase i from bacillus sphaericus 9602. | endopeptidase i from bacillus sphaericus is a stable enzyme which retains its activity at 37 degrees c in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate revealed two forms of the enzyme: an active, fast-running form, for the enzyme preheated at 37 degrees c and a denatured, slow-running form, for the enzyme preheated at 100 degrees c. such behavior is similar to that of the "heat-modifiable" outer membrane proteins from gram-n ... | 1984 | 6375658 |
| enzymatic preparation of an immunostimulant, the disaccharide-dipeptide, n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminyl-(1----4)-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-is ogl utamine, from a bacterial peptidoglycan. | the disaccharide-dipeptide n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminyl-(1----4)-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isog lut amine has been obtained by an enzymatic degradation of the peptidoglycan of actinomadura r39. the peptidoglycan was hydrolyzed successively by the three following enzymes: lysozyme, dd-carboxypeptidase from streptomyces albus g and gamma-d-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate endopeptidase i from bacillus sphaericus 9602. the by-products of the last reaction were eliminated by successive ion-exchange an ... | 1984 | 6381058 |
| plasmid transformation of bacillus sphaericus 1593. | plasmids pub110 and pbc16 were introduced by protoplast transformation into the entomocidal bacterium bacillus sphaericus 1593. transformants expressed the antibiotic resistance determinants present on the plasmid and exhibited sporulation frequencies and larvicidal toxicities which were equivalent to those characteristic of the parent strain. these transformations constitute the first report of genetic transfer in b. sphaericus. | 1984 | 6323616 |