Publications

[neisseria haemolysans (thjotta and boe, 1938): studies on its place in the system].		1960	13849019
[the sensitivity of gemella haemolysans to some commonly used antibiotics].		1960	13849021
fine structure and taxonomic position of neisseria haemolysans.		1969	5365935
fine structure and taxonomic position of neisseria haemolysans (thjotta and boe 1938) or gemella haemolysans (berger 1960).		1970	4097691
[immunological characteristics of the protein antigens of the family neisseriaceae. ii. the importance of an immunochemical analysis of the protein complexes for a study of taxonomy problems].	the study of antigenic interrelations in the family neisseriaceae resulted in the isolation of 2 main immunologically separated variants of protein complexes: the first variant was characteristic of nonpathogenic and pathogenic species of the genus neisseria as well as of 7 taxonomically undefined neisseria species (n. lactamicus, n. cuniculi, n. ellongata, n. ovis, n. animalis, n. cinerea, n. canis) and gemella haemolysans; the second variant was represented by the genera branhamella and acinet ...	1979	116460
[isolation and identification of gemella haemolysans from a patient with septicemia associated with heart valve disease].		1982	6818308
antimicrobial susceptibility of gemella haemolysans isolated from patients with subacute endocarditis.	gemella haemolysans, a member of the family streptococcacae, was isolated from patients with subacute endocarditis. the minimal inhibitory concentrations of 21 antimicrobial agents for five strains of the organism were determined. all strains were highly sensitive to penicillin g and ampicillin. cefotaxime was the most active cephalosporin tested. all strains were sensitive to vancomycin, chloramphenicol and rifampin. four strains were sensitive to tetracycline and erythromycin. all strains demo ...	1982	7173172
genetic relationships among neisseria species assessed by comparative enzyme electrophoresis.	the electrophoretic mobilities of 12 enzymes from 19 neisseria species (including 6 strains of n. perflava), gemella haemolysans, escherichia coli and branhamella catarrhalis were characterized by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. all strains and species tested exhibited qualitatively different zymogram patterns. species and strain relationships were quantified by pairwise comparisons of all 12 enzyme systems to obtain similarity indices; these data were subjected to numerical clustering ...	1985	3937889
meningitis due to gemella haemolysans after radiofrequency trigeminal rhizotomy.	meningitis due to gemella haemolysans developed in a 73 year old woman after thermolysis of the gasserian ganglion for trigeminal neuralgia. the taxonomy of this organism is discussed, and previous cases of infection are reviewed.	1985	3998190
prevalence of gemella haemolysans on the pharyngeal mucosa of man.	by culturing pharyngeal swabs from 199 students a carrier rate for gemella haemolysans of 29.7% was detected. demonstration of hemolysis depended on blood species and on agar base. optimum growth was obtained under aerobic conditions in a 10% co2-enriched atmosphere. the cells divided in two planes which were not regularly at right angles to each other. they appeared to be surrounded by a small capsule. contrary to earlier descriptions, acid was produced from galactose, acetoin was produced by p ...	1985	4088129
differentiation of gemella haemolysans (thjøtta and bøe 1938) berger 1960, from streptococcus morbillorum (prevot 1933) holdeman and moore 1974.	recently, g. haemolysans and s. morbillorum were postulated to be identical organisms, so that consequently their names were synonyms. in the present paper it was demonstrated, that, in spite of many similarities, both species can be differentiated by nitrite reduction, lacking in s. morbillorum, and some further enzymatic activities as well as by antigenic specificity and certain dissimilarities in morphology, growth conditions and their ability to induce beta-hemolysis. s. morbillorum apparent ...	1986	2426874
effects of dietary chlortetracycline on the antimicrobial resistance of porcine faecal streptococcaceae.	breeding pigs and one-half of their progeny were fed antimicrobial-free rations; the other half of the progeny received rations supplemented with 100 g of chlortetracycline (ctc)/ton. effects of dietary ctc with respect to the distribution of species and biotypes of faecal gram-positive cocci and their relative resistance to 12 antimicrobial agents were studied. diversity of antimicrobial resistance (amr) patterns and modal amr patterns were determined for bacterial species common to all three g ...	1986	3700277
the growth of oral bacteria on saliva.	the present experiments were aimed at studying the degradation of salivary glycoproteins by the oral microflora. to this end, s. sanguis i strain ny476 and s. sanguis ii (s. mitior) strain ny581 were grown continuously in human-whole saliva. under these conditions, the strains produced a variety of cell-associated hydrolytic activities, including glycosidases, exo- and endopeptidases, and esterases. s. sanguis ii generally exhibited higher levels of enzyme activity than did s. sanguis i, in part ...	1987	3305628
endocarditis caused by gemella haemolysans.	gemella haemolysans, a coccus related to the "streptococcaceae", was isolated from the blood of a patient with endocarditis. the patient was successfully treated with a combination of penicillin g and tobramycin, followed by clindamycin. the taxonomy of this organism, especially its relationship to "streptococcus morbillorum" is discussed and previously reported cases of gemella infections are reviewed.	1989	2613327
enhanced growth of mycobacteria by culture filtrate of gemella haemolysans.	the culture filtrate of g. haemolysans enhanced the growth of mycobacteria. the enhancing substance seemed to be effectively produced in bhi broth supplemented with human blood. the mycobacterial growth was inhibited by high concentrations of the culture filtrate, but was markedly enhanced at low concentrations such as 1/32 or 1/64 dilutions. the generation time at log phase was 7 to 9 hours compared with 14 hours for the control, leading to rapid detection of mycobacteria in culture. with sputa ...	1990	2126582
prosthetic valve endocarditis by gemella haemolysans.		1991	1816118
[prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by gemella haemolysans].	reported herein is the case of a 47 year old man with mitral and aortic bioprosthetic valves who developed endocarditis. blood cultures turned out to be positive for gemella haemolysans, a commensal of the upper respiratory tract. proper antibiotic therapy was immediately started according to antibiogram, and continued after the acute stage of the disease had been overcome. the aortic prosthesis appeared much more to be incompetent at doppler and aortography (from 2/4 to 3/4). at surgery, the gr ...	1991	1913719
meningitis due to gemella haemolysans after neurosurgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.	we report a case of meningitis due to gemella haemolysans. an 82-year-old man with trigeminal neuralgia and senile dementia developed signs of meningitis 24 h after retrogasserian glycerol injection. cerebrospinal fluid cultures grew g. haemolysans. initial treatment with ampicillin and cefotaxime followed by benzylpenicillin was successful.	1991	1957134
gemella haemolysans: a rare and unusual cause of infective endocarditis.		1991	2041859
[rapid detection of mycobacteria in sputa using media supplemented with culture filtrate of gemella haemolysans].	the effect of the culture filtrate gemella haemolysans in enhancing mycobacterial growth has been previously demonstrated. in the present studies, an attempt was made to confirm whether the addition of the filtrate into the medium would be an effective method to promote the rapid detection of mycobacteria in sputum specimens of patients. one-hundred and one sputum specimens pretreated with naoh were inoculated with various media (dubos, dubos-agar, 1% ogawa, kudo pd, and middlebrook 7h9) supplem ...	1992	1552699
total knee arthroplasty infection due to gemella haemolysans.	gemella haemolysans, a relatively unknown commensal of the upper respiratory tract, rarely causes clinically important infections. this report deals with an infection of a total knee arthroplasty due to gemella haemolysans in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. the microbiology of this bacterium is discussed and the clinical features of previously reported cases of gemella infections are briefly reviewed.	1992	1730110
glycopeptide-resistant gemella haemolysans from blood.		1993	8105186
meningitis due to gemella haemolysans.		1993	8223669
phylogenetic relationship of gemella morbillorum to gemella haemolysans.	partial 16s rrna gene sequences (16s rdna) of gemella morbillorum and gemella haemolysans were determined by sequencing polymerase chain reaction-amplified dna. a phylogenetic analysis of 53 eubacterial 16s rrna sequences grouped the gemellae on a distinct branch separate from the 18 members of the genus streptococcus. dna-dna hybridization results indicate that the two gemellae are related at the genus level but are not a single species.	1993	8240963
gemella haemolysans endocarditis with colonic carcinoma.		1993	8252184
rarity and potential severity of gemella haemolysans endocarditis.		1993	8388605
[gemella haemolysans purulent meningitis].		1993	8502650
gemella haemolysans endocarditis.		1993	8513070
gram-positive cocci isolated from slaughtered poultry.	gram-positive cocci were found in all meat samples of poultry slaughtered and processed for retail sale, at incidence rates ranging from 10(2) cfu/ml to 1.35 x 10(6) cfu/ml and a mode between 8 x 10(5) and 9 x 10(5) cfu/ml for 75% of the samples. the 93 isolated strains were identified as belonging to the following species: enterococcus faecalis (48 strains), e. faecium (16), e. avium (7), e. durans (4), aerococcus viridans (10), streptococcus morbillorum (2), s. salivarius (1), s. sanguis (1), ...	1994	7921897
gemella haemolysans endocarditis.		1994	7980248
[endocarditis caused by gemella haemolysans with formation of a perivalvular abscess].		1995	7711125
gemella haemolysans prosthetic valve endocarditis.		1995	7746790
phosphorylcholine-containing antigens in bacteria from the mouth and respiratory tract.	phosphorylcholine (pc)-containing antigens were sought in 269 bacterial isolates from the mouth and respiratory tract by an enzyme immunoassay method. only 41 (15%) isolates were pc-positive and of these 29 (70%) were strains of haemophilus influenzae. other species that produced positive results included two of five isolates of gemella haemolysans, two of five isolates of micrococcus spp., and a single strain each of bacillus sp., corynebacterium jeikeium, lactococcus sp. and h. parainfluenzae. ...	1996	8544209
atmospheric growth requirements for alloiococcus species and related gram-positive cocci.	the growth of alloiococcus otitis under different atmospheres and nutritional conditions was studied. the growth rates of 25 strains of gram-positive cocci representing five genera on heart infusion agar plates containing 5% rabbit blood and on brucella agar plates with and without sheep blood under aerobic, increased co2, and anaerobic atmospheres were compared. eight strains of alloiococci plated on heart infusion agar with rabbit blood and on brucella sheep blood agar grew under aerobic and c ...	1996	8815077
in vivo binding of the salivary glycoprotein ep-gp (identical to gcdfp-15) to oral and non-oral bacteria detection and identification of ep-gp binding species.	extra parotid glycoprotein (ep-gp) is a glycoprotein isolated from human saliva, having homologues in several other body fluids. the biological role of ep-gp and its homologues is unknown. recently, ep-gp was shown to bind in vitro to the bacterium streptococcus salivarius hb. in contrast, no binding to a number of other oral microorganisms could be demonstrated. in the present study we have determined whether binding of ep-gp to bacteria occurs in vivo in saliva and in other ep-gp containing bo ...	1997	9088536
gemella haemolysans endocarditis associated with a raised anti-streptolysin-o titre.		1997	9120336
clinical and microbiological features of refractory periodontitis subjects.	the purpose of this investigation was to compare the clinical parameters and the site prevalence and levels of 40 subgingival species in successfully treated and refractory periodontitis subjects. 94 subjects received scaling and root planing and if needed, periodontal surgery and systemically administered tetracycline. 28 refractory subjects showed mean full mouth attachment loss and/or > 3 sites showing attachment loss > 2.5 mm within 1 year post-therapy. 66 successfully treated subjects showe ...	1998	9495617
molecular identification of gemella species from three patients with endocarditis.	gemella morbillorum and gemella haemolysans are opportunistic pathogens which cause endocarditis and other severe infections. we report on three patients with endocarditis, one with endocarditis caused by g. haemolysans and two with endocarditis caused by g. morbillorum. the paucity of reports concerning these bacteria is probably related to the difficulties associated with their identification. for example, one of the strains reported in this study was originally sent to our laboratory with a p ...	1998	9542900
gemella bergeriae sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens.	six strains of a hitherto-undescribed gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strains are genealogically homogeneous and constitute a new subline within the genus gemella. the unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from gemella haemolysans, the type species of the genus gemella, and from gemella morbillorum b ...	1998	9574693
description of gemella sanguinis sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens.	six strains of a hitherto undescribed gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus isolated from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the unknown strains were genealogically identical and constitute a new subline within the genus gemella. the unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from gemella haemolysans, gemella bergeriae, and gemella morbillorum by biochemical tes ...	1998	9738079
post-infectious glomerulonephritis in a patient with gemella haemolysans endocarditis.		1999	10320133
characterization of a gemella-like organism from the oral cavity of a dog: description of gemella palaticanis sp. nov.	a hitherto unknown gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus isolated from a vesicle on the gum of a dog was characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the isolate represents a new subline within the genus gemella. the unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from all currently described members of this genus, gemella haemolysans, gemella bergeri, gemella morbillorum and gemella sanguinis, ...	1999	10555332
[endocarditis due to gemella haemolysans].		1999	10650659
empyema of the thorax due to gemella haemolysans.		1999	10714807
[pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis caused by gemella haemolysans].		2000	10853486
immunoglobulin a1 protease activity in gemella haemolysans.	the purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence and nature of immunoglobulin a1 (iga1) protease activity in members of the genus gemella and related taxa. among a total of 22 gemella strains belonging to the four species gemella haemolysans, gemella morbillorum, gemella sanguinis, and gemella bergeriae and four reference strains of the species helcococcus kunzii, facklamia hominis, and globicatella sanguinis, iga1 protease activity was an exclusive character of all nine isolates of g. ...	2000	10878081
characterization of a gemella-like organism isolated from an abscess of a rabbit: description of gemella cunicula sp. nov.	an unknown gram-positive, catalase-negative, ovoid-shaped bacterium isolated from the submandibular abscess of a rabbit was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing demonstrated the unknown coccus represents a new subline within the genus gemella. the unknown isolate was readily distinguished from other recognized members of the genus gemella, namely gemella haemolysans, gemella bergeri, gemella morbillorum, gemella palaticanis and gemella sanguinis, by ...	2000	11155978
endocarditis due to gemella haemolysans in a patient with hemochromatosis.		2000	11168056
[abscessified tuberculous cavity due to a rapid superinfection by gemella haemolysans overgrowth].		2001	11844464
gemella haemolysans keratitis and consecutive endophthalmitis.	to report a case of gemella hemolysans keratitis with consecutive endophthalmitis.	2002	11812434
gemella haemolysans acute postoperative endophthalmitis.		2003	12928302
gemella bacteraemia characterised by 16s ribosomal rna gene sequencing.	to define epidemiology, clinical disease, and outcome of gemella bacteraemia by 16s rrna gene sequencing. to examine the usefulness of the vitek, api, and atb systems in identifying two gemella species.	2003	12944554
[acute gemella haemolysans spondylodiscitis in an immunocompetent patient].	gemella is a commensal bacterium of the upper respiratory tract responsible for rare infections such as acute endocarditis and meningitis. we report the case of an acute gemella haemolysans spondylodiscitis.	2003	14506450
acute renal failure associated with gemella haemolysans pneumonia.	we describe a 13-year-old boy who developed acute renal failure associated with gemella haemolysans pneumonia. at presentation he was found to have macroscopic hematuria associated with lobar pneumonia. gemella haemolysans was isolated from blood cultures. renal failure was detected on admission, progressed and dialysis was required until day 18. renal impairment had resolved by 3 months after the initial presentation. histopathology of a renal biopsy showed focal proliferative glomerulonephriti ...	2004	14745632
brain abscess due to gemella haemolysans.	we present a case of brain abscess due to gemella haemolysans and bacteroides species in a 60-year-old-immunocompetent man who underwent dental procedures. the patient completely recovered following intravenous therapy with ampicillin and metronidazole for 6 weeks.	2004	15131228
phenotypic and molecular characterization of erythromycin resistance in four isolates of streptococcus-like gram-positive cocci causing bacteremia.	among nine patients with bacteremia caused by granulicatella or gemella in a 6-year period (july 1995 to june 2001), three had bacteremia caused by erythromycin-resistant granulicatella adiacens and one had bacteremia caused by erythromycin-resistant gemella haemolysans. all four isolates possessed mef genes, whereas none possessed ermt, ermtr, or ermb genes.	2004	15243100
subacute endocarditis caused by gemella haemolysans and a review of the literature.	we report the first documented case of gemella haemolysans endocarditis in the united states in a patient following denture fixation. g. haemolysans was isolated form the patient's blood cultures. the patient was treated with ampicillin for 6 weeks with significant clinical improvement. this case highlights the fact that endocarditis prophylaxis should be considered in denture fixation for high risk patients.	2004	15764181
[cerebral abscess due to gemella haemolysans].		2005	15970174
streptococci dominate the diverse flora within buccal cells.	previously, we reported that intracellular actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, and tannerella forsythensis were present within buccal epithelial cells from human subjects, as lesser components of a polymicrobial flora. in this study, we further characterized that intracellular flora by using the same double-labeling techniques to identify fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, oral campylobacter species, eikenella corrodens, treponema denticola, gemella haemo ...	2005	16304448
horizontal transfer of the immunoglobulin a1 protease gene (iga) from streptococcus to gemella haemolysans.	bacterial iga1 proteases share the ability to cleave human iga1 at the hinge region. nature has developed this trait along at least five independent evolutionary lineages. to obtain further insight into the phylogeny and function of iga1 proteases, the nucleotide sequence of the iga gene that encodes the iga1 protease was determined from two streptococcus mitis strains and one gemella haemolysans strain. heterologous expression in escherichia coli confirmed that the genes encode human iga1-cleav ...	2006	16804190
gemella haemolysans infectious crystalline keratopathy.	to report a case of infectious crystalline keratopathy caused by gemella haemolysans.	2006	17172910
molecular epidemiology of macrolide and tetracycline resistances in commensal gemella sp. isolates.	the epidemiologic relatedness of 29 erythromycin-resistant gemella sp. strains from normal flora, characterized previously, were evaluated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). three isolates carried the tet(o) gene and the tet(m) gene. the msr(a) gene was found in two gemella morbillorum strains in combination with the erm(b) or mef(e) gene. the sequences of the mef(a/e), erm(b), and msr(a) genes showed a high similarity to the corresponding sequences of other gram-positive cocci. all the ...	2007	17283201
meningitis due to gemella haemolysans in a pediatric case.	gemella haemolysans is a rare pathogen in cases of bacterial meningitis. we present a case of meningitis due to g. haemolysans in a 17-month-old boy. this is the first reported case of gemella meningitis in a child. the patient completely recovered following intravenous therapy with linezolid and chloramphenicol.	2007	17507512
infectious crystalline keratopathy caused by gemella haemolysans.	to report a novel case of infectious crystalline keratopathy after penetrating keratoplasty caused by gemella haemolysans.	2007	17525671
pulmonary nodules associated with gemella bacteremia: ct findings in two children with osteosarcoma.	gemella morbillorum and gemella haemolysans are normal oral flora that can also be pathogenic. we report 2 cases of adolescents with osteosarcoma who developed multiple pulmonary nodules associated with gemella bacteremia. these nodules mimicked metastatic disease. to our knowledge, this manifestation of gemella infection has not been previously reported. in the setting of malignancy, infectious pulmonary nodules must be distinguished from metastatic nodules in order to treat appropriately.	2007	17527126
bacterial diversity in aphthous ulcers.	recurrent aphthous ulcers are common lesions of the oral mucosa of which the etiology is unknown. this study aimed to estimate the bacterial diversity in the lesions and in control mucosa in pooled samples using a culture-independent molecular approach.	2007	17600533
gemella haemolysans infectious crystalline keratopathy.		2008	18216595
management of a ruptured infected abdominal aortic aneurysm and a spondylodiscitis due to gemella haemolysans.	infected aneurysm of the abdominal aorta is an uncommon and highly lethal disease, with a >80% rate of death. it is uncommonly associated with spondylodiscitis. management of this rare association of pathology remains controversial. this report details the case of a patient with a large vascular past history, presenting a scarce association of disease: a ruptured infected aneurysm of the abdominal aorta with a spondylodiscitis due to gemella haemolysans. the patient recovered quickly and durably ...	2009	19110401
a rare cause of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis: gemella haemolysans.		2009	19602616
gemella species-associated late-onset endophthalmitis after trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin c.	to report 2 cases of delayed-onset, bleb-related endophthalmitis induced by gemella species.	2009	19680060
molecular methodology to assess the impact of cancer chemotherapy on the oral bacterial flora: a pilot study.	this pilot study determined the profile of the oral bacterial flora in an outpatient cancer population before and after chemotherapy using molecular techniques.	2010	20303053
acute postoperative endophthalmitis by gemella haemolysans.	endophthalmitis is a rare and serious post-surgical complication. we report a case of acute postoperative endophthalmitis after an uneventful cataract surgery caused by a commensal organism, gemella haemolysans. the patient was successfully treated with vitrectomy and intravitreal antibiotics like vancomycin, along with topical cefazolin.	2010	20413936
use of groesl as a target for identification of abiotrophia, granulicatella, and gemella species.	we determined the groesl sequences of three species of nutritionally variant streptococci (abiotrophia defectiva, granulicatella adiacens, and granulicatella elegans) and three gemella species (gemella morbillorum, gemella haemolysans, and gemella sanguinis). the nucleotide sequence similarities between the groes and groel genes of the above genera were 41.7 to 85.9% and 63.7 to 84.3%, respectively. the intraspecies similarities of groesl sequences for the isolates of abiotrophia and granulicate ...	2010	20686088
gemella haemolysans bacteraemia in a patient with solitary liver abscess.	we present a case of a 42-year-old man with a solitary liver abscess and gemella haemolysans bacteraemia. no other focus of infection was identified. the patient did not have any predisposing factors. he was treated with antibiotics for 6 weeks and the abscess was drained. he made a complete recovery.	2010	21075711
clinical and microbiological studies of children and adolescents receiving orthodontic treatment.	this case-controlled study examined clinical and microbiological parameters in brazilian children and adolescents receiving orthodontic treatment using fixed orthodontic appliances or removable orthodontic appliances.	2010	21344829
endocarditis due to gemella haemolysans in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.		2011	21404908
the subgingival microbiota of papillon-lefèvre syndrome.	background: there is little information about the microbiological profiles of periodontal lesions in papillon-lefèvre syndrome (pls) and the significance of bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontitis in these patients. this comprehensive analysis of the subgingival microbiota in pls patients used 16s rrna clonal analysis and the 16s rrna-based human oral microbe identification microarray (homim). methods: thirteen pls patients, from 7 unrelated families, volunteered for this microbiological s ...	2011	22141356
comparison of oral microbiota in tumor and non-tumor tissues of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.	bacterial infections have been linked to malignancies due to their ability to induce chronic inflammation. we investigated the association of oral bacteria in oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc/tumor) tissues and compared with adjacent non-tumor mucosa sampled 5 cm distant from the same patient (n = 10). by using culture-independent 16s rrna approaches, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and cloning and sequencing, we assessed the total bacterial diversity in these clinical samples.	2012	22817758
using high throughput sequencing to explore the biodiversity in oral bacterial communities.	high throughput sequencing of 16s ribosomal rna gene amplicons is a cost-effective method for characterization of oral bacterial communities. however, before undertaking large-scale studies, it is necessary to understand the technique-associated limitations and intrinsic variability of the oral ecosystem. in this work we evaluated bias in species representation using an in vitro-assembled mock community of oral bacteria. we then characterized the bacterial communities in saliva and buccal mucosa ...	2012	22520388
occurrence and evolution of the paralogous zinc metalloproteases iga1 protease, zmpb, zmpc, and zmpd in streptococcus pneumoniae and related commensal species.	the distribution, genome location, and evolution of the four paralogous zinc metalloproteases, iga1 protease, zmpb, zmpc, and zmpd, in streptococcus pneumoniae and related commensal species were studied by in silico analysis of whole genomes and by activity screening of 154 representatives of 20 species. zmpb was ubiquitous in the mitis and salivarius groups of the genus streptococcus and in the genera gemella and granulicatella, with the exception of a fragmented gene in streptococcus thermophi ...	2012	23033471
impact of periodontal therapy on the subgingival microbiota of severe periodontitis: comparison between good responders and individuals with refractory periodontitis using the human oral microbe identification microarray.	this study compares the changes to the subgingival microbiota of individuals with "refractory" periodontitis (rp) or treatable periodontitis (good responders [gr]) before and after periodontal therapy by using the human oral microbe identification microarray (homim) analysis.	2012	22324467
gemella haemolysans infection in total hip arthroplasty.	gemella haemolysans is a gram-positive coccus and commensal of the upper respiratory tract and oral mucosa that rarely causes clinically important infections. there is only one previous report of this organism causing periprosthetic infection, in a total knee arthroplasty. we present a case of septic loosening of an uncemented total hip arthroplasty due to g. haemolysans, in an asplenic patient with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. treatment with two-stage revision has been successful at 7 y ...	2012	23227390
gemella haemolysans spondylodiscitis: a report of two cases.	we report on two cases of infective spondylodiscitis caused by gemella haemolysans in otherwise healthy patients. this organism has only rarely been identified as a cause of bone and joint infection, with only two previous reports of infective spondylodiscitis. we describe the clinical features, investigations and treatment options.	2012	22628600
[endocarditis caused by rare gram-positive bacteria: investigate for gastrointestinal disorders].	gemella haemolysans, streptococcus equinus and tropheryma whipplei are rare gram-positive bacteria which may cause endocarditis and are associated with gastrointestinal disorders. we report on three patients with infective endocarditis caused by these microorganisms. g. haemolysans and s. equinus (streptococcus bovis group) were isolated from blood cultures, and t. whipplei was diagnosed by molecular typing of an excised heart valve. the association between endocarditis caused by these microorga ...	2012	22607842
a multicentre prospective study of post-traumatic endophthalmitis.	study the clinical and microbiological characteristics and the prognostic factors of post-traumatic endophthalmitis.	2013	22313810
cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection due to gemella haemolysans.	gemella haemolysans has long been considered a commensal in the human upper respiratory tract. commensals are natural inhabitants on or within another organism, deriving benefit without harming or benefiting the host. opportunistic infection of the cns by the species is exceedingly rare. in the present case, a 16-year-old boy was admitted with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection, which was confirmed to be due to g. haemolysans. following antibiotic treatment, removal of the old shunt, and del ...	2013	23198840
recurrent gemella haemolysans meningitis in a patient with osteomyelitis of the clivus.	systemic infection caused by g. haemolysans has rarely been reported. we herein describe the case of a 69-year-old woman with recurrent g. haemolysans meningitis that led to abducens nerve palsy. osteomyelitis of the clivus was likely present at the first admission, which led to reinfection of the meninges because the course of antibiotic treatment was too short. the patient has remained free of relapse for one year after undergoing a second round of treatment that lasted 63 days. in cases of g. ...	2013	24042530
the predominant bacteria isolated from radicular cysts.	to detect predominant bacteria associated with radicular cysts and discuss in light of the literature.	2013	24011184
[gemella haemolysans brain abscess in a child with complex congenital heart disease].	gemella haemolysans, a gram positive cocci which are deemed to be the normal inhabitant of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, has been recognized as a pathogen involved in abscess formation. the aim of this case report is to demonstrate that it is also involved in brain abscess in children. we report, to our knowledge, the first pediatric case of gemella haemolysans brain abscess in an 11 years old child carrying a complex congenital heart disease (dextrocardia with single right ventricle) ...	2014	25119809
gemella parahaemolysans sp. nov. and gemella taiwanensis sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens.	four gram-staining-positive, catalase-negative, coccoid isolates, designated ntuh_1465(t), ntuh_2196, ntuh_4957 and ntuh_5572(t), were isolated from human specimens. the four isolates displayed more than 99.6% 16s rrna gene sequence similarity with gemella haemolysans atcc 10379(t), and 96.7 to 98.6% similarity with gemella sanguinis atcc 700632(t), gemella morbillorum atcc 27824(t) or gemella cuniculi ccug 42726(t). however, phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of three housekeeping ...	2014	24664577
meningoencephalitis due to gemella haemolysans.	gemella haemolysans is an uncommon but described cause of invasive disease in humans. we report a case of meningitis due to g. haemolysans that did not grow in cerebrospinal fluid culture, demonstrating a potential role for direct 16s rrna gene pcr and sequencing in culture-negative cerebrospinal fluid when bacterial meningitis is suspected.	2014	24072762
total artificial heart as bridge to transplantation for severe culture-negative prosthetic valve endocarditis due to gemella haemolysans.	we report a rare case of a patient with prosthetic valve endocarditis (pve) requiring implantation of a total artificial heart (tah) as a bridge to heart transplantation. gemella haemolysans, an unusual cause of pve, was identified as the organism responsible only by 16s rrna polymerase chain reaction analysis of surgical tissue samples. we also describe one of the first uses of combined tah and veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy in the setting of severe respiratory and card ...	2016	24727539
[gemella haemolysans endocarditis in a patient with a bioprosthetic aortic valve].		2016	26725541
conjunctival flora of healthy and diseased eyes of grey seals (halichoerus grypus): implications for treatment.	ocular pathology is relatively common in stranded seals admitted to wildlife rehabilitation hospitals. some have pre-existing problems, while others develop eye problems in captivity, and in particular ulcerative keratitis, due to factors such as large prominent eyes, suboptimal water quality, trauma and infighting. despite treatment, corneal ulcerations can rapidly progress to 'melting' ulcers with subsequent rupture of the globe. in this case series, 32 grey seals (halichoerus grypus) had conj ...	2016	27188623
endocarditis due to gemella haemolysans in a newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patient.	an 87-year-old caucasian woman with hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, and copd was admitted with 1-week duration of back pain and weight gain. the physical examination revealed jugular venous distention, rales in the left lower lung field, and severe pitting edema over lower extremities. as workup for leukocytosis, blood cultures grew gemella haemolysans. subsequently, a transthoracic echocardiogram revealed vegetation on the non-coronary aortic leaflet and mild aortic stenosis. she was tr ...	2016	27609731
native bivalvular endocarditis by gemella haemolysans requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.	a 24-year-old otherwise healthy man presented with a 3-week history of malaise, headache, fever and rigors after he was treated with oral clindamycin for left parotitis and gemella haemolysans bacteraemia. he developed g. haemolysans infective endocarditis, septic emboli and heart failure due to progressive bivalvular disease. he underwent urgent mechanical aortic valve replacement and mitral valve repair, which required venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, to support severe respirato ...	2016	27539135
bone infections caused by gemella haemolysans.		2016	27481657
differential utilization of basic proline-rich glycoproteins during growth of oral bacteria in saliva.	although saliva is widely recognized as a primary source of carbon and nitrogen for growth of the dental plaque biofilm community, little is known about how different oral bacteria utilize specific salivary components. to address this question, 32 strains representing 16 genera commonly isolated from early plaque biofilms were compared for growth over two transfers in stimulated (by chewing parafilm) whole saliva that was stabilized by heat treatment and dialysis. the cell densities, measured by ...	2016	27316966
microbial diversity in the early in vivo-formed dental biofilm.	although the mature dental biofilm composition is well studied, there is very little information on the earliest phase of in vivo tooth colonization. progress in dental biofilm collection methodologies and techniques of large-scale microbial identification have made new studies in this field of oral biology feasible. the aim of this study was to characterize the temporal changes and diversity of the cultivable and noncultivable microbes in the early dental biofilm. samples of early dental biofil ...	2016	26746720
streptococcus mitis and gemella haemolysans were simultaneously found in atherosclerotic and oral plaques of elderly without periodontitis-a pilot study.	local infections may contribute to the initiation and progression of several clinical diseases in humans. atherosclerotic plaques of subjects suffering from periodontitis are colonized by periopathogens; however, the presence of bacteria in atherosclerotic plaques in patients without severe forms of periodontitis is of high relevance for the general population.	2017	27037569