Publications

reisolation of ruminobacter parvum.	a cellulolytic gram-negative ovoid motile rod (strain gs iii) was isolated from an in vitro incubation of ground barley straw in rumen fluid. the anaerobic, non-sporulating, mesophilic organism strongly answered the original description of ruminobacter parvum (kaars sijpesteijn, 1948). the strain gs iii fermented pyruvate, d-arabinose, d-xylose, cellobiose, sucrose, maltose, cellulose, dextrin, xylan and pectin. products from cellobiose were d-lactate, ethanol, acetate, hydrogen and carbon dioxi ...	1985	4037778
amylolytic activity of selected species of ruminal bacteria.	a variety of species of ruminal bacteria were screened for the ability to grow in starch-containing medium and produce amylase. of those tested, the highest levels of amylase were produced by streptococcus bovis jb1 and ruminobacter amylophilus h18. other strains that grew well on starch and produced amylase included butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38 and 49 and bacteroides ruminicola 23 and b14. varying the carbohydrate source provided for growth resulted in changes in the growth rate and level of a ...	1988	2454075
esterase activities in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains.	thirty strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens isolated in diverse geographical locations were examined for esterase activity by using naphthyl esters of acetate, butyrate, caprylate, laurate, and palmitate. all strains possessed some esterase activity, and high levels of activity were observed with strains 49, h17c, s2, actf2, and lm8/1b. esterase activity also was detected in other ruminal bacteria (bacteroides ruminicola, selenomonas ruminantium, ruminobacter amylophilus, and streptococcus bovis ...	1988	3178205
complete nucleotide sequence of a 23s ribosomal rna gene from ruminobacter amylophilus.		1988	3357788
effects of the ionophore tetronasin on nitrogen metabolism by ruminal microorganisms in vitro.	the effects of tetronasin on ruminal protein metabolism were investigated in vitro using ruminal fluid from cattle receiving tetronasin in the diet, ovine ruminal fluid from animals not receiving tetronasin and pure cultures of proteolytic ruminal bacteria. ruminal fluid from cattle receiving tetronasin in a predominantly barley diet had lower proteolytic (76% of control, p less than .10) and deaminative (58% of control, p less than .05) activities than controls after 42 d. the effect of deamina ...	1990	2332385
digestion of barley, maize, and wheat by selected species of ruminal bacteria.	differences in the digestion of barley, maize, and wheat by three major ruminal starch-digesting bacterial species, streptococcus bovis 26, ruminobacter amylophilus 50, and butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38, were characterized. the rate of starch digestion in all cereal species was greater for s. bovis 26 than for r. amylophilus 50 or b. fibrisolvens a38. starch digestion by s. bovis 26 was greater in wheat than in barley or maize, whereas starch digestion by r. amylophilus 50 was greater in barley ...	1990	16348322
a survey of peptidase activity in rumen bacteria.	twenty-nine strains of 14 species of rumen bacteria were screened for their ability to hydrolyse ala2, ala5, glyarg-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide (glyarg-mna) and leu-mna. several species, notably megasphaera elsdenii, were active against ala2, and a smaller number, including bacteroides ruminicola, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, ruminococcus flavefaciens, lachnospira multipara and ruminobacter amylophilus, broke down ala5. streptococcus bovis had an exceptionally high leucine arylamidase activity. howe ...	1991	1748877
effects of sainfoin (onobrychis viciifolia scop.) condensed tannins on growth and proteolysis by four strains of ruminal bacteria.	sainfoin leaf condensed tannins inhibited growth and protease activity in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38 and streptococcus bovis 45s1 but had little effect on prevotella ruminicola b(1)4 or ruminobacter amylophilus wp225. tannins bound to cell coat polymers in all strains. morphological changes in b. fibrisolvens and s. bovis implicated the cell wall as a target of tannin toxicity.	1994	16349244
biochemical analysis of starch degradation by ruminobacter amylophilus 70.	ruminobacter amylophilus is an obligate anaerobe that uses only alpha-linked glucose molecules (i.e., maltose, maltodextrins, and starch) as a source of energy, making it an excellent model for the study of bacterial starch degradation. constitutive amylase, amylopectinase, and pullulanase activities were found in intracellular and extracellular fractions of r. amylophilus. however, extracellular activities apparently resulted from cell lysis. both soluble and membrane-bound polysaccharidase act ...	1995	7538278
how many ruminal bacteria are there?	with the development of strictly anaerobic techniques and habitat-simulating media, a variety of bacteria were isolated from the rumen in the 1940s and 1950s. based on standard morphological and physiological characteristics, the microbial ecosystem of the rumen contains a very complex population of bacteria. in recent years, ruminal bacteria have been re-evaluated with newer, more objective, and genetically valid methods of classification. ribosomes are complicated structures, and their dna-enc ...	1996	8880472
peptidases of the rumen bacterium, prevotella ruminicola.	prevotella (formerly bacteroides) ruminicola is a numerous rumen bacterium which plays a significant role in the metabolism of proteins and peptides in the rumen. measurement of the hydrolysis of synthetic aminopeptidase substrates by sonicated extracts and whole cells of different species of rumen bacteria indicated that p. ruminicola had the greatest range and specific activity of dipeptidyl peptidases among the species tested. streptococcus bovis hydrolysed some dipeptidyl peptidase substrate ...	1997	16887560
phylogenetic analysis of formivibrio citricus, propionivibrio dicarboxylicus, anaerobiospirillum thomasii, succinimonas amylolytica and succinivibrio dextrinosolvens and proposal of succinivibrionaceae fam. nov.	the phylogenetic position of gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming bacteria, representing four different genera, was determined by analysis of their 16s rdna sequences. formivibrio citricus and propionivibrio dicarboxylicus are members of the beta-subclass of the class proteobacteria. while formivibrio citricus stands phylogenetically isolated, propionivibrio dicarboxylicus is moderately related to members of the genus rhodocyclus. succinimonas amylolytica and succinivibrio dextri ...	1999	10319502
a small cryptic plasmid from ruminobacter amylophilus niah-3 possesses functional mobilization properties.	the complete nucleotide sequence of a small cryptic plasmid designated prao1, from the gram-negative ruminal bacterium ruminobacter amylophilus niah-3, was determined. the plasmid is a circular dna molecule, 2140 bp in size, with a gc content of 40%. computer-assisted analysis identified three open reading frames (orfs), one of which, orf3 (347 amino acids), displayed a high degree of amino acid identity with the mob proteins involved in conjugative mobilization and interplasmid recombination of ...	1999	10564787
effect of steroidal saponin from yucca schidigera extract on ruminal microbes.	the effects of steroidal saponins (sap) isolated from yucca schidigera extract on ruminal bacteria and fungi were investigated in pure culture studies. prevotella bryantii, ruminobacter amylophilus, selenomonas ruminantium and streptococcus bovis were cultured through ten 24-h transfers in ruminal fluid medium containing 0 or 25 microg sap ml-1 (measured as smilagenin equivalents). the four strains, each non-exposed or pre-exposed to sap, were then inoculated into medium containing 0 or 250 micr ...	2000	10792550
highly conserved dna sequence present in small plasmids from selenomonas ruminantium.	plasmid pjw1 from selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica strain jw13 has been cloned in escherichia coli vector pbluescriptsk(-) and completely sequenced. the plasmid is only 1410 bp with an overall gc content of 42.2%. computer analysis of sequence data revealed a single open reading frame (orf1, 146 amino acids, mw 16,525.5 da) encoding a putative replication protein which is similar to the rep protein of ruminobacter amylophilus plasmid prao1. orf1 is followed by a long at-rich (75%) regi ...	2000	10873531
diet-dependent shifts in the bacterial population of the rumen revealed with real-time pcr.	a set of pcr primers was designed and validated for specific detection and quantification of prevotella ruminicola, prevotella albensis, prevotella bryantii, fibrobacter succinogenes, selenomonas ruminantium-mitsuokella multiacida, streptococcus bovis, ruminococcus flavefaciens, ruminobacter amylophilus, eubacterium ruminantium, treponema bryantii, succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, and anaerovibrio lipolytica. by using these primers and the real-time pcr technique, the corresponding species in the ...	2001	11375193
antimicrobial properties of plant secondary metabolites.	increasing awareness of hazards associated with the use of antibiotic and chemical feed additives has accelerated investigations into plants and their extracts as feed additives. the present review mainly discusses two classes of plant secondary compounds in this context, i.e. essential oils and saponins. the broader potential of plants and their extracts is illustrated by the progress of an ec framework 5 project, 'rumen-up'. dietary inclusion of a commercial blend of essential oils causes mark ...	2004	15831135
dominance of prevotella and low abundance of classical ruminal bacterial species in the bovine rumen revealed by relative quantification real-time pcr.	relative quantification real-time pcr was used to quantify several bacterial species in ruminal samples from two lactating cows, each sampled 3 h after feeding on two successive days. abundance of each target taxon was calculated as a fraction of the total 16s rrna gene copies in the samples, using taxon-specific and eubacterial domain-level primers. bacterial populations showed a clear predominance of members of the genus prevotella, which comprised 42% to 60% of the bacterial rrna gene copies ...	2007	17235560
effect of a blend of essential oil compounds on the colonization of starch-rich substrates by bacteria in the rumen.	to investigate the mode of action of a blend of essential oil compounds on the colonization of starch-rich substrates by rumen bacteria.	2007	18045396
biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by pure culture ruminal bacteria.	twenty-one ruminal bacteria species were tested for their ability to degrade 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) within 24 h. butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, fibrobacter succinogenes, lactobacillus vitulinus, selenomonas ruminantium, streptococcus caprinus, and succinivibrio dextrinosolvens were able to completely degrade 100 mg/l tnt, with <5% of the original tnt recovered as diaminonitrotoluene metabolites. eubacterium ruminantium, lactobacillus ruminis, ruminobacter amylophilus, streptococcus bovis, and w ...	2009	18839246
populations of select cultured and uncultured bacteria in the rumen of sheep and the effect of diets and ruminal fractions.	the objective of this study was to assess the importance of select cultured and uncultured bacteria in the rumen by quantifying their populations and the effect of diets and ruminal fractions. full-length 16s rrna gene (rrs) sequences were recovered from rumen samples using specific primers designed from partial sequences recovered previously. five uncultured bacterial operational taxonomic units (otus) were quantified using specific quantitative pcr (qpcr) in fractionated ruminal samples from s ...	2011	21822435
changes in bacterial diversity associated with epithelial tissue in the beef cow rumen during the transition to a high-grain diet.	our understanding of the ruminal epithelial tissue-associated bacterial (defined as epimural bacteria in this study) community is limited. in this study, we aimed to determine whether diet influences the diversity of the epimural bacterial community in the bovine rumen. twenty-four beef heifers were randomly assigned to either a rapid grain adaptation (rga) treatment (n = 18) in which the heifers were allowed to adapt from a diet containing 97% hay to a diet containing 8% hay over 29 days or to ...	2011	21705529