Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| phenazines as disinfectants against bacterial leaf blight of the rice plant. | a series of phenazine compounds, including 15 synthetics and a natural derivative, iodinin, were tested for inhibition of selected phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. eleven of the compounds had bacteriostatic activity for xanthomonas oryzae. three other species of xanthomonas were resistant. phenazine 5-oxide was the most effective phenazine against the bacterial leaf blight. | 1966 | 5970820 |
| a virulent strain of xanthomonas oryzae isolated from rice seeds in india. | 1967 | 6077705 | |
| biochemical effects of formycin b on xanthomonas oryzae. | 1968 | 5671990 | |
| phage xp12 of xanthomonas oryzae (uyeda et ishiyama) dowson. | 1968 | 5681525 | |
| 5-methylcytosine replacing cytosine in the deoxyribonucleic acid of a bacteriophage for xanthomonas oryzae. | 1968 | 5760463 | |
| a filamentous bacteriophage from xanthomonas oryzae. | 1969 | 5358081 | |
| amino acid analysis of the coat protein of the filamentous bacterial virus xf from xanthomonas oryzae. | 1971 | 5112415 | |
| the mechanism of aristeromycin. i. growth inhibition of xanthomonas oryzae by aristeromycin. | 1971 | 5140522 | |
| interrelationship between colony type, phage susceptibility and virulence in xanthomonas oryzae. | 1972 | 5084422 | |
| nadh oxidase in xanthomonas oryzae and effect of streptomycin and metal ions. | 1975 | 1205481 | |
| enzymatic synthesis of deoxy-5-methyl-cytidylic acid replacing deoxycytidylic acid in xanthomonas oryzae phage xp12dna. | 1976 | 980110 | |
| herbicidins a and b, two new antibiotics with herbicidal activity. i. producing organism and biological activities. | herbicidins a and b, two new antibiotics with selective and contact herbicidal activity, were produced by a new species of streptomyces designated as s. sagononensis. among tested microorganisms, herbicidins indicated some activity against fungi in vitro and xanthomonas oryzae in vivo. their characteristic features were brought into relief by their selective and contact killing effect on many dicotyledonous plant as well as their inhibition of germination of the plant seeds, such as chinese cabb ... | 1976 | 993127 |
| bacteriolysis by immobilized enzymes. | bacteriolytic enzymes produced by achromobacter lunatus were immobilized in collagen membrane. intact bacteria such as pseudomonas solanacearum, xanthomonas oryzae, staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were lyzed with the bacteriolytic enzyme-collagen membrane. relative activity of the bacteriolytic enzyme-collagen membrane against pseu. solanacearum was about 2% of that of native bacteriolytic enzymes. no difference in the optimum ph was observed between immobilized enzymes and nat ... | 1977 | 14747 |
| changes in macromolecular synthesis in xanthomonas oryzae infected with bacteriophage xp-12. | phage xp-12, which has complete substitution of the cytosine residues in its dna with 5-methylcytosine residues, was shown to inhibit incorporation of uracil into host dna and rna during the latent period. this apparent inhibition of host macromolecular synthesis was not accompanied by extensive degradation of the host chromosome. phage dna synthesis in infected cells occurred at a faster rate than host dna synthesis in analogous uninfected cells. however, phage dna synthesis could not be accura ... | 1977 | 894790 |
| characterization of deoxycytidylate methyltransferase in xanthomonas oryzae infected with bacteriophage xp12. | three methods, chromatographic, spectrophotometric and tritium-release assay, were used and compared for the assay of deoxycytidylate methyltransferase. all three methods can be used for assay of this enzyme but the tritium-release assay appears to be the most simple and convenient. with the help of this assay the deoxycytidylate methyltransferase has been isolated and purified from sonically disrupted cells of xp12-infected xanthomonas oryzae. using a procedure that involves fractionation with ... | 1978 | 27354 |
| genetic analysis of bacterial blight resistance in seventy-four cultivars of rice, oryza sativa l. | the genetics of resistance to bacterial blight, xanthomonas oryzae (uyeda and ishiyama) dowson, for 74 cultivars of rice, oryza sativa l., was studied. the px061 isolate of bacterial blight from the philippines was used for inoculation of parental and hybrid populations. single dominant genes at the xa 4 locus convey resistance in 38 cultivars. of these, 18 are resistant at all stages of plant growth and thus have the xa 4 (a)allele for resistance. however, 20 are susceptible up to maximum tille ... | 1978 | 24311342 |
| two sequence-specific endonucleases from xanthomonas oryzae. characterization and unusual properties. | xori and xorii, two sequence-specific endonucleases, have been partially purified from xanthomas oryzae. xori and xorii were shown to be isoschizomers of psti and puvi, respectively. x. oryzae is a particularly good source of this pvui isoschizomer because of the high yield of xorii, its simple purification scheme, and its relative stability. furthermore, xorii was shown to cleave at different positions in its recognition sequence than do at least two of its known isochizomers; xorii cleaves bet ... | 1980 | 6243986 |
| bacteriophage xp-12-induced exonuclease which preferentially hydrolyzes nicked dna. | an exonuclease has been partially purified from xp-12-infected xanthomonas oryzae which is not found in uninfected x. oryzae. although both the phage-induced exonuclease and the major host exonucleolytic dnase released 5'-mononucleotides, these enzymes differed in their chromatographic behavior, ph optimum, salt inhibition, and heat sensitivity. these two exonucleases preferred different substrates. nicked native dna was the best substrate for the phage-induced enzyme, whereas denatured dna was ... | 1980 | 6251244 |
| partial purification and characterization of an exonuclease from xanthomonas oryzae. | an exonuclease with a strong preference for single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid over double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid has been purified 500-fold from xanthomonas oryzae. this enzyme liberates 5'-mononucleotides in a reaction which requires mg2+. | 1980 | 6252197 |
| studies on terreic acid. | it was found that aspergillus sp. no. y-8980 which was isolated from a soil sample collected at yoron island in kagoshima prefecture belonged to aspergillus terreus group by morphological observation. the active substance produced by the strain was obtained with a high yield in sucrose-yeast extract medium and extracted by chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol at ph 2.4 approximately 2.6 from the culture broth. the substance was crystallized from chloroform and ethyl acetate after charcoal tre ... | 1980 | 7190624 |
| mode of action of synephrine on xanthomonas oryzae. | 1980 | 7399620 | |
| release of alkaline phosphatase from cells of xanthomonas oryzae by manipulation of surface permeability. | xanthomonas oryzae was shown to contain a constitutive alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1.). the enzyme was detectable in intact cells and releasable by osmotic shock or spheroplast formation indicating its periplasmic location in the cell. sonication released about 85% of the total enzyme, and the releasable amount was increased to 97% when lysozyme was added to the sonicated cells prior to centrifugation. these changes suggest an association of the enzyme with peptidoglycan; the enzyme is not re ... | 1981 | 6793331 |
| a bacteriophage-induced 5-methyldeoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate kinase. | bacteriophage xp-12-infected xanthomonas oryzae have been found to be a source of a kinase preparation which converts m5dcmp to m5dcdp and then to m5dctp using atp as the phosphate donor. optimal formation of the triphosphate required the presence of creatine phosphate and creatine kinase. in the presence of dgtp, dttp and datp, escherichia coli dna polymerase i and t4 dna polymerase catalyzed the incorporation of m5dctp into dna just as efficiently as that of dctp. neither dtmp nor dcmp served ... | 1982 | 7082669 |
| 5-methyl-dctp deaminase induced by bacteriophage xp-12. | bacteriophage xp-12, whose dna contains 34 mol% 5-methylcytosine, induces the synthesis of a unique enzyme, 5-methyl-dctp deaminase. the substrate for this enzyme, 5-methyl-dctp, is produced by reactions catalyzed in part by other phage-induced enzymes, and the product of the reaction is dttp. the deaminase therefore provides a novel pathway for biosynthesis of thymine residues for phage xp-12 dna. evidence is presented that this pathway is used for dttp synthesis in xp-12-infected xanthomonas o ... | 1982 | 7086962 |
| a new thymidylate biosynthesis in xanthomonas oryzae infected by phage xp 12. | 1982 | 7090182 | |
| preparation and partial characterization of xanthomonas oryzae phytotoxin. | a synthetic medium containing ammonium nitrate, urea, d-glucose, glycerol, and sodium glutamate was developed for growth of xanthomonas oryzae and preparation of its phytotoxin. culture filtrates and partially purified toxin preparations caused blight symptoms when inoculated in leaves of 30 days old rice plant cv. t(n)1. toxin elicited quicker response than living cells. this activity was due to a non-dialysable, partial acid and heat labile glycopeptide. there was a sharp decrease in activity ... | 1983 | 6613167 |
| the accessibility of 5-methylcytosine to specific antibodies in double-stranded dna of xanthomonas phage xp12. | antibodies specifically directed to 5-methylcytidine were raised in rabbits and purified by affinity chromatography. the accessibility of 5-methyldeoxycytidine (m5dcyd) to such antibodies was studied with dnas from various origins. the reaction was followed by measuring the retention of radiolabelled dna by antibodies on nitrocellulose filters, by immunoprecipitation, by gel filtration and was visualized with the electron microscope. antibodies did not bind to escherichia coli b dna, which is de ... | 1985 | 2412815 |
| cloning and regulation of erwinia herbicola pigment genes. | the genes coding for yellow pigment production in erwinia herbicola eho10 (atcc 39368) were cloned and localized to a 12.4-kilobase (kb) chromosomal fragment. a 2.3-kb avai deletion in the cloned fragment resulted in the production of a pink-yellow pigment, a possible precursor of the yellow pigment. production of yellow pigment in both e. herbicola eho10 and pigmented escherichia coli clones was inhibited by glucose. when the pigment genes were transformed into a cya (adenylate cyclase) e. coli ... | 1986 | 3023282 |
| partial purification and characterization of an inactive precursor of pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase. | an inactive precursor of the extracellular elastase of pseudomonas aeruginosa was extensively purified by immunoadsorption chromatography of the soluble bacterial cell fraction on a column of sepharose coupled to antielastase antibodies. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified precursor fraction revealed two major protein bands with molecular weights of about 36,000 (p36) and 20,000 (p20) that in the absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate were associated with each ot ... | 1988 | 3125153 |
| numerical analysis of 295 phenotypic features of 266 xanthomonas strains and related strains and an improved taxonomy of the genus. | an extensive phenotypic description and an improved classification and nomenclature of the genus xanthomonas are presented. a total of 266 strains obtained from different geographical areas, including representative strains of all species of the genus xanthomonas and most pathovars of xanthomonas campestris, as well as strains which might be genetically related to the genus xanthomonas, were examined for 295 morphological, biochemical, and physiological features. similarities among the strains w ... | 1990 | 2275852 |
| identification of a family of avirulence genes from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | races of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial blight of rice, interact with cultivars of rice in a gene-for-gene specific manner. multiple dna fragments of various sizes from all strains of x. o. pv. oryzae hybridized with avrbs3, an avirulence gene from xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, in southern blots; this suggests the presence of several homologs and possibly a gene family. a genomic library of a race 2 strain of x. o. pv. oryzae, which is avirulent on rice cu ... | 1992 | 1335800 |
| assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae with a repetitive dna element. | a repetitive dna element cloned from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae was used to assess the population structure and genetic diversity of 98 strains of x. oryzae pv. oryzae collected between 1972 and 1988 from the philippine islands. genomic dna from x. oryzae pv. oryzae was digested with ecori and analyzed for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) with repetitive dna element as a probe. twenty-seven rflp types were identified; there was no overlap of rflp types among the six races fro ... | 1992 | 1353345 |
| genetic and physical analysis of the rice bacterial blight disease resistance locus, xa21. | nearly isogenic lines (nils) of rice (oryza sativa) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae were surveyed with 123 dna markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism (rflp) and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. one chromosome 11 marker (rg103) detected polymorphism between the nils that cosegregated with xa21. all other chromosome 11 dna markers tested were monomorphic between the nils, localizing the ... | 1992 | 1362973 |
| increased activity of a cationic peroxidase associated with an incompatible interaction between xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae and rice (oryza sativa). | rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar cas 209 carries the gene xa-10 for resistance to race 2 of xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, the bacterial blight pathogen. when seedling leaves of cas 209 plants were infiltrated with bacterial cell suspensions of strain pxo86(rif) (race 2, incompatible), total peroxidase activity in extracts from extracellular spaces increased almost threefold between 16 and 24 hours after inoculation. the increase in total peroxidase activity in extracellular extracts was correlate ... | 1992 | 16668969 |
| transfer of bacterial blight and blast resistance from the tetraploid wild rice oryza minuta to cultivated rice, oryza sativa. | oryza minuta j. s. presl ex c. b. presl is a tetraploid wild rice with resistance to several insects and diseases, including blast (caused by pyricularia grisea) and bacterial blight (caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae). to transfer resistance from the wild species into the genome of cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.), backcross progeny (bc1, bc2, and bc3) were produced from interspecific hybrids of o. sativa cv 'ir31917-45-3-2' (2n=24, aa genome) and o. minuta acc. 101141 (2n=48, bbcc genom ... | 1992 | 24203194 |
| isolation and expression in escherichia coli of a xanthomonas oryzae reca-like gene. | the reca gene from the bacterium xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo), a rice pathogen, was cloned based on its ability to complement dna repair defects of escherichia coli reca- mutants. the xoo reca was localized to a 1.3-kb sau3ai-xhoi fragment and, when cloned into pbr322, specifies increased methylmethanesulfonate and mitomycin c resistance to e. coli reca mutants and allows lambda red- gam- to plaque on an e. coli reca- host. an e. coli reca- strain harboring a plasmid containing the xoo re ... | 1993 | 8406033 |
| restoration of pathogenicity of avirulent xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and x. campestris pathovars by reciprocal complementation with the hrpxo and hrpxc genes and identification of hrpx function by sequence analyses. | the molecular basis of pathogenesis by xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae has been partly elucidated by the identification of a gene, hrpxo, required for bacterial blight on rice. a mutation in hrpxo results in the loss of pathogenicity on rice and the loss of hypersensitivity on nonhosts such as datura stramonium and radishes. pathogenicity and its ability to cause the hypersensitive reaction is restored by complementing the mutant with the heterologous hrpxc gene derived from x. campestris pv. camp ... | 1993 | 8458844 |
| avrxa10 protein is in the cytoplasm of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | avrxa10 from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae was tagged with a unique hydrophilic octapeptide (flag) to permit antibody-mediated identification and purification of the gene product. x. o. pv. oryzae that produced tagged avrxa10 elicited a hypersensitive response (hr) on rice cultivars containing the resistance gene xa-10, but not on cultivars lacking xa-10. the tagged avrxa10 protein purified from escherichia coli or x. o. pv. oryzae did not elicit a hypersensitive response in rice with the xa-10 ... | 1994 | 7873783 |
| replicon typing of plasmids of phytopathogenic xanthomonads. | replicon types of plasmids of phytopathogenic xanthomonads have been identified. plasmids of xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae belonged to types repp, repw, repy, repu, and repf1 and 50% of the plasmids of different isolates of x.o.pv.oryzae belonged to type repp. x.c.pv.citri contained plasmids belonging to repf1 and repf11. of the 19 replicon probes used, only 9 (repp, repf1, repf11, repy, repq, repw, repx, and repu) hybridized with various plasmids of xanthomonas. | 1994 | 7899518 |
| characterization of two novel filamentous phages of xanthomonas. | two filamentous phages of xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae were isolated and designated phi xv and phi xo, respectively. they were similar to other filamentous phages of xanthomonas in (i) shape, (ii) restrictive host specificity, (iii) high stability, (iv) an ssdna genome, (v) a dsdna as the replicative form (rf), (vi) propagation without lysis of host cells and (vii) ability to integrate into the host chromosome. these phages showed sequence homology to ... | 1994 | 8077961 |
| identification of the xorii methyltransferase gene and a vsr homolog from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | the gene encoding the xorii methyltransferase (m.xorii) was cloned from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and characterized in escherichia coli. the m.xorii activity was localized to a 3.1 kb bamhi-bstxi fragment, which contained two open reading frames (orfs) of 1272 nucleotides (424 amino acids) and 408 nucleotides (136 amino acids). ten polypeptide domains conserved in other m5 cytosine methyltransferases (mtases) were identified in the deduced amino acid sequence of the 1272 orf. e. coli mrr+ st ... | 1994 | 8078464 |
| relationship between phylogeny and pathotype for the bacterial blight pathogen of rice. | several transposable elements were isolated from the genome of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. these elements and an avirulence gene isolated from x. oryzae pv. oryzae were used as hybridization probes for a collection of x. oryzae pv. oryzae strains from the philippines. each of the sequences was present in multiple copies in all strains examined and showed distinct patterns of hybridizing bands. phenograms were derived from the restriction fragment length polymorphism data obtained for each of ... | 1994 | 16349380 |
| unusual growth phase and oxygen tension regulation of oxidative stress protection enzymes, catalase and superoxide dismutase, in the phytopathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | the enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase play major roles in protecting phytopathogenic bacteria from oxidative stress. in xanthomonas species, these enzymes are regulated by both growth phase and oxygen tension. the highest enzyme levels were detected within 1 h of growth. continued growth resulted in a decline of both enzyme activities. high oxygen tension was an inducing signal for both enzyme activities. an 80,000-da monofunctional catalase and a manganese superoxide dismutase were the ... | 1995 | 16534917 |
| genetic diversity of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in asia. | restriction fragment length polymorphism and virulence analyses were used to evaluate the population structure of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the rice bacterial blight pathogen, from several rice-growing countries in asia. two dna sequences from x. oryzae pv. oryzae, is1112, an insertion sequence, and avrxa10, a member of a family of avirulence genes, were used as probes to analyze the genomes of 308 strains of x. oryzae pv. oryzae collected from china, india, indonesia, korea, malaysia, nepa ... | 1995 | 16534980 |
| a homolog of an escherichia coli phosphate-binding protein gene from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | a xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae gene with sequence similarity to an escherichia coli phosphate-binding protein gene (phos) produces a periplasmic protein of apparent m(r) 35,000 when expressed in e. coli. amino terminal sequencing revealed that a signal peptide is removed during transport to the periplasm in e. coli. | 1995 | 7579584 |
| rice cationic peroxidase accumulates in xylem vessels during incompatible interactions with xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. | a cationic peroxidase, po-c1 (molecular mass 42 kd, isoelectric point 8.6), which is induced in incompatible interactions between the vascular pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae and rice (oryza sativa l.), was purified. amino acid sequences from chemically cleaved fragments of po-c1 exhibited a high percentage of identity with deduced sequences of peroxidases from rice, barley, and wheat. polyclonal antibodies were raised to an 11-amino acid oligopeptide (poc1a) that was derived from a domain ... | 1995 | 7770527 |
| a receptor kinase-like protein encoded by the rice disease resistance gene, xa21. | the rice xa21 gene, which confers resistance to xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae race 6, was isolated by positional cloning. fifty transgenic rice plants carrying the cloned xa21 gene display high levels of resistance to the pathogen. the sequence of the predicted protein, which carries both a leucine-rich repeat motif and a serine-threonine kinase-like domain, suggests a role in cell surface recognition of a pathogen ligand and subsequent activation of an intracellular defense response. characteri ... | 1995 | 8525370 |
| rapid inhibition of protein histidine phosphorylation by uv-irradiation in xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | exposure of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae cells to 254 nm uv radiation resulted in an alteration of protein phosphorylation. labelling of the phosphohistidine-containing proteins with molecular masses of 81 and 32 kda, named p81 and p32, was rapidly reduced following uv irradiation in the early exponential cells, but the decrease was not detected in mid-exponential cells. mitomycin c, a dna replication inhibitor, and rifampicin, a drug generally used to inhibit rna synthesis and dna replication, ... | 1995 | 8586267 |
| the reca protein as a model molecule for molecular systematic studies of bacteria: comparison of trees of recas and 16s rrnas from the same species. | the evolution of the reca protein was analyzed using molecular phylogenetic techniques. phylogenetic trees of all currently available complete reca proteins were inferred using multiple maximum parsimony and distance matrix methods. comparison and analysis of the trees reveal that the inferred relationships among these proteins are highly robust. the reca trees show consistent subdivisions corresponding to many of the major bacterial groups found in trees of other molecules including the alpha, ... | 1995 | 8587109 |
| heterologous growth phase- and temperature-dependent expression and h2o2 toxicity protection of a superoxide-inducible monofunctional catalase gene from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | catalase is an important protective enzyme against h2o2 toxicity. here, we report the characterization of a xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae catalase gene (katx). the gene was localized and its nucleotide sequence was determined. the gene codes for a 77-kda polypeptide. the deduced katx amino acid sequence shares regions of high identity with other monofunctional catalases in a range of organisms from bacteria to eukaryotes. the transcriptional regulation of katx was atypical of bacterial monofunct ... | 1996 | 8655557 |
| [a pcr marker-based selection for resistance to bacterial blight in rice]. | molecular marker-based selection in plant breeding requires not only suitable molecular markers closely linked to the known genes, but a simple, economic and reliable analyzing technique. we report here a useful pcr marker for genetic diagnostics in breeding for resistance to rice bacterial blight. xa21 is a newly found gene of rice which confers resistance to bacterial blight caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. we produced two f2 populations between one resistant line irbb21 containing xa2 ... | 1996 | 8695180 |
| cloning and characterization of the rpfc gene of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae: involvement in exopolysaccharide production and virulence to rice. | rpfc is one of a cluster of genes which coordinately regulate the synthesis of extracellular enzymes and exopolysaccharide and pathogenicity in xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the black rot pathogen of brassicas. an rpfc homolog which could functionally complement an rpfc mutant of x. campestris pv. campestris was identified in xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and the gene was characterized. mutation of this gene in x. oryzae pv. oryzae had no effect on extracellular enzymes, but exopolysacc ... | 1996 | 8810082 |
| rifampicin: an inhibitor of xp12-specific protein phosphorylation in xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | phosphorylation of the three xp12-specific phosphoproteins was drastically reduced by rifampicin, an antibiotic that specifically inhibits the host-cell rna polymerase. however, this inhibitory effect could not be found in spontaneous mutants of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae whose rna polymerase are resistant to the drug. the inhibitory effect of rifampicin treatment also resulted suppression of the xp12 multiplication cycle. this implies the physiological significance of this effect and support ... | 1996 | 8837466 |
| the cloned gene, xa21, confers resistance to multiple xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae isolates in transgenic plants. | the cloned rice gene, xa21, confers resistance to multiple pathogen isolates of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in transgenic plants. the resistance phenotype was stably transmitted to t1 progeny and inherited as a single locus. the t1 progeny were tested for resistance to 32 x. oryzae pv. oryzae isolates from eight countries. both the engineered line and the donor line showed resistance to 29 isolates and susceptibility to three isolates. the identical resistance spectrum of both lines indicates ... | 1996 | 8969533 |
| changes in the plasma membrane distribution of rice phospholipase d during resistant interactions with xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. | phospholipase d (pld; ec 3.1.4.4), which hydrolyzes phospholipids to generate phosphatidic acid, was examined in rice leaves undergoing susceptible or resistant interactions with xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. rna analysis of leaves undergoing resistant interactions revealed different expression patterns for pld over 5 days relative to control plants or those undergoing susceptible interactions. by using an activity assay and immunoblot analysis, we identified three forms of pld (1, 2, and 3). pl ... | 1996 | 12239412 |
| markers for selection of the rice xa21 disease resistance gene. | six molecular markers were mapped to a 7.4-cm region of rice chromosome 11 containing the xa21 gene, which confers resistance to the pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. three markers, rg103, 248 and 818, co-segregated with xa21 in a population of 1141 plants. multiple copies of all marker loci were present within the region that was introgressed from oryza longistaminata into o. sativa. the marker loci were cloned and primers were designed that defined sequence-tagged sites. physical mapping ... | 1996 | 24162490 |
| rapd and rflp mapping of the bacterial blight resistance gene xa-13 in rice. | bacterial blight (bb) caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (xoo) is one of the most serious diseases of rice. the recessive gene xa-13 confers resistance to philippine race 6 of xoo. to tag xa-13 with molecular markers, rapd analysis was conducted with the combined use of near-isogenic lines and bulked segregant analysis. from the survey of 260 arbitrary 10-nucleotide primers, one primer (opac05) was detected to amplify specifically a 0.9-kb band from the dna of susceptible plants. the distanc ... | 1996 | 24162200 |
| the molecular basis of disease resistance in rice. | the rice gene xa21 conferring resistance to xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo), was isolated using a map-based cloning strategy. compared with previously cloned genes, the structure of xa21 represents a novel class of plant disease r genes encoding a putative receptor kinase (rk). this article proposes a model for the mode of action of xa21 and summarizes our current knowledge of the modular basis of resistance in rice to bacterial leaf blight and blast. | 1997 | 9291971 |
| differential induction of a peroxidase gene family during infection of rice by xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | induction of peroxidase has been correlated with resistant interactions between rice and xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. to assist in analysis of the role of rice peroxidases in plant defense against the bacterial pathogen, three peroxidase genes, pox22.3, pox8.1, and pox5.1, were identified from a rice cdna library that was constructed from leaves of plants undergoing a resistant reaction. these genes were highly similar in nucleic acid and amino acid sequences and belonged to a gene family. the ... | 1997 | 9304860 |
| the bacterial pigment xanthomonadin offers protection against photodamage. | xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is a bacterial pathogen that causes leaf blight, a serious disease of rice. most members of the genus xanthomonas produce yellow, membrane bound, brominated aryl polyene pigments called xanthomonadins whose functional role is unclear. we find that pigment-deficient mutants of x. oryzae pv. oryzae exhibit hypersensitivity to photobiological damage. a clone containing the xanthomonadin biosynthetic gene cluster alleviates the hypersensitivity of the pigment-deficient ... | 1997 | 9350981 |
| genomic variability of the xanthomonas pathovar mangiferaeindicae, agent of mango bacterial black spot. | the genetic diversity of 138 strains of the xanthomonas pathovar mangiferaeindicae, which were isolated from three different hosts (mango, ambarella, and pepper tree) in 14 different countries, was assessed with restriction fragment length polymorphism markers. an analysis of patterns obtained by hybridization with an hrp cluster probe from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae separated 11 of the strains from all of the other strains, which suggested that these 11 strains may not be xanthomonas pv. man ... | 1997 | 16535490 |
| genetic diversity within the population of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in india. | abstract xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae causes a serious disease of rice in india and is endemic in all of the major rice-growing areas of the country. sixty-seven x. oryzae pv. oryzae strains, collected mostly in 1994 and 1995, from 18 locations in india were analyzed by dna fingerprinting methods using two separate repeat element probes from the x. oryzae pv. oryzae genome. these results show that strains belonging to a single pathogen lineage can be isolated from 16 of the 18 locations sa ... | 1997 | 18945099 |
| movement of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in southeast asia detected using pcr-based dna fingerprinting. | abstract two outwardly directed primers complementary to sequences in is1112, a repetitive element isolated from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, were used to fingerprint dna from a set of 71 bacterial blight pathogen strains using polymerase chain reaction (pcr), pcr-based restriction analysis, and ligation-mediated pcr. to allow amplification of long dna fragments, standard amplification conditions were altered to increase the ph, add dimethylsulfoxide, decrease denaturation time, and increase e ... | 1997 | 18945173 |
| expression of xa1, a bacterial blight-resistance gene in rice, is induced by bacterial inoculation. | the xa1 gene in rice confers resistance to japanese race 1 of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal pathogen of bacterial blight (bb). we isolated the xa1 gene by a map-based cloning strategy. the deduced amino acid sequence of the xa1 gene product contains nucleotide binding sites (nbs) and a new type of leucine-rich repeats (lrr); thus, xa1 is a member of the nbs-lrr class of plant disease-resistance genes, but quite different from xa21, another bb-resistance gene isolated from rice. inter ... | 1998 | 9465073 |
| characterization and expression analysis of a xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae reca. | nucleotide sequence of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo) dna from psm-a1 was determined and sequence analysis revealed an orf with high homology to reca proteins. expression analysis using an anti-reca antibody demonstrates that mms treatment induces reca in xanthomonas strains but not in an escherichia coli harbouring cloned xoo reca. this indicates the existence of a reca regulatory mechanism in xanthomonas that is not function in e. coli. in xoo, reca was highly induced by treatments with c ... | 1998 | 9465392 |
| n-acylethanolamines: formation and molecular composition of a new class of plant lipids | recently, the biosynthesis of an unusual membrane phospholipid, n-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (nape), was found to increase in elicitor-treated tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) cells (k.d. chapman, a. conyers-hackson, r.a. moreau, s. tripathy [1995] physiol plant 95: 120-126). here we report that before induction of nape biosynthesis, n-acylethanolamine (nae) is released from nape in cultured tobacco cells 10 min after treatment with the fungal elicitor xylanase. in radiolabeling experiments [14c ... | 1998 | 9501149 |
| erwinia amylovora secretes dspe, a pathogenicity factor and functional avre homolog, through the hrp (type iii secretion) pathway. | erwinia amylovora was shown to secrete dspe, a pathogenicity factor of 198 kda and a functional homolog of avre of pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. dspe was identified among the supernatant proteins isolated from cultures grown in an hrp gene-inducing minimal medium by immunodetection with a dspe-specific antiserum. secretion required an intact hrp pathway. | 1998 | 9555912 |
| distribution of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dna modification systems in asia. | the presence or absence of two dna modification systems, xori and xorii, in 195 strains of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae collected from different major rice-growing countries of asia was assessed. all four possible phenotypes (xori+ xorii+, xori+ xorii-, xori- xorii+ and xori- xorii-) were detected in the population at a ratio of approximately 1:2:2:2. the xori+ xorii+ and xori- xorii+ phenotypes were observed predominantly in strains from southeast asia (philippines, malaysia, and indonesia), w ... | 1998 | 9572933 |
| identification and characterization of a new organic hydroperoxide resistance (ohr) gene with a novel pattern of oxidative stress regulation from xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. | we have isolated a new organic hydroperoxide resistance (ohr) gene from xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. this was done by complementation of an escherichia coli alkyl hydroperoxide reductase mutant with an organic hydroperoxide-hypersensitive phenotype. ohr encodes a 14.5-kda protein. its amino acid sequence shows high homology with several proteins of unknown function. an ohr mutant was subsequently constructed, and it showed increased sensitivity to both growth-inhibitory and killing conce ... | 1998 | 9573147 |
| disassociation of sigma subunit from rna polymerase of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by phage xp10 infection. | the sigma subunit of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is disassociated from host rna polymerase after phage xp10 infection. to clarify the possible mechanism for this observation, sigma subunit was purified and an antiserum against sigma subunit was prepared. immunoprecipitation of rna polymerase by the anti-core rna polymerase antiserum, followed by immunoblotting with anti-sigma subunit antibody, revealed that sigma subunit was lost from rna polymerase within 10 minutes after xp10 infection. loss ... | 1998 | 9595658 |
| xa21d encodes a receptor-like molecule with a leucine-rich repeat domain that determines race-specific recognition and is subject to adaptive evolution. | the rice xa21 gene confers resistance to xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae in a race-specific manner. analysis of the inheritance patterns and resistance spectra of transgenic plants carrying six xa21 gene family members indicated that one member, designated xa21d, displayed a resistance spectrum identical to that observed for xa21 but conferred only partial resistance. xa21d encodes a receptor-like protein carrying leucine-rich repeat (lrr) motifs in the presumed extracellular domain. the xa21d tran ... | 1998 | 9596635 |
| avrxa10 contains an acidic transcriptional activation domain in the functionally conserved c terminus. | the avrxa10 gene of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial blight of rice, is a member of the avrbs3 avirulence gene family and directs the elicitation of resistance in a gene-for-gene manner on rice lines carrying the resistance gene xa10. the carboxyl (c) terminus of avrxa10 has a previously undescribed domain that is structurally similar to the acidic activation domain of many eukaryotic transcription factors in addition to three nuclear localization signal (nls) sequenc ... | 1998 | 9675896 |
| construction and physiological analysis of a xanthomonas mutant to examine the role of the oxyr gene in oxidant-induced protection against peroxide killing. | we constructed and characterized a xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli oxyr mutant. the mutant was hypersensitive to h2o2 and menadione killing and had reduced aerobic plating efficiency. the oxidants' induction of the catalase and ahpc genes was also abolished in the mutant. analysis of the adaptive responses showed that hydrogen peroxide-induced protection against hydrogen peroxide was lost, while menadione-induced protection against hydrogen peroxide was retained in the oxyr mutant. these res ... | 1998 | 9683499 |
| acquisition of certain streptomycin-resistant (str) mutations enhances antibiotic production in bacteria. | physiological differentiation (including antibiotic production) in microorganisms usually starts when cells encounter adverse environmental conditions and is frequently accompanied by an increase in the accumulation of intracellular ppgpp. we have found that the acquisition of certain streptomycin-resistant (str) mutations enables cells to overproduce antibiotics, demonstrating an increase in productivity 5- to 50-fold greater than that of wild-type strains. the frequency of such antibiotic-over ... | 1998 | 9687404 |
| the cyanobacterium synechocystis sp. strain pcc 6803 expresses a dna methyltransferase specific for the recognition sequence of the restriction endonuclease pvui. | by use of restriction endonucleases, the dna of the cyanobacterium synechocystis sp. strain pcc 6803 was analyzed for dna-specific methylation. three different recognition sites of methyltransferases, a dam-like site including n6-methyladenosine and two other sites with methylcytosine, were identified, whereas no activities of restriction endonucleases could be detected in this strain. slr0214, a synechocystis gene encoding a putative methyltransferase that shows significant similarities to c5-m ... | 1998 | 9696758 |
| filamentous bacteriophages of vibrio parahaemolyticus as a possible clue to genetic transmission. | we have previously reported the isolation and characterization of two filamentous bacteriophages of vibrio parahaemolyticus, designated vf12 and vf33. in this study, to understand the potential of these phages as tools for genetic transmission, we investigated the gene structures of replicative-form (rf) dnas of their genomes and the distribution of these dnas on chromosomal and extrachromosomal dnas. the 7,965-bp nucleotide sequences of vf12 and vf33 were determined. an analysis of the overall ... | 1998 | 9748441 |
| hrpw of erwinia amylovora, a new harpin that contains a domain homologous to pectate lyases of a distinct class. | harpins, such as hrpn of erwinia amylovora, are extracellular glycine-rich proteins that elicit the hypersensitive reaction (hr). we identified hrpw of e. amylovora, which encodes a protein similar to known harpins in that it is acidic, rich in glycine and serine, and lacks cysteine. a putative hrpl-dependent promoter was identified upstream of hrpw, and western blot analysis of hrpl mutants indicated that the production of hrpw is regulated by hrpl. hrpw is secreted via the hrp (type iii) pathw ... | 1998 | 9748455 |
| relatedness of strains of xanthomonas fragariae by restriction fragment length polymorphism, dna-dna reassociation, and fatty acid analyses | the levels of relatedness of strains of xanthomonas fragariae collected over several years from locations in canada and the united states were compared by determining fatty acid methyl ester profiles, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) analysis, and dna-dna reassociation values. based on qualitative and quantitative differences in fatty acid profiles, the strains were divided into nine groups and four groups by the midi "10% rule" an ... | 1998 | 9758826 |
| localized changes in peroxidase activity accompany hydrogen peroxide generation during the development of a nonhost hypersensitive reaction in lettuce | peroxidase activity was characterized in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) leaf tissue. changes in the activity and distribution of the enzyme were examined during the development of a nonhost hypersensitive reaction (hr) induced by pseudomonas syringae (p. s.) pv phaseolicola and in response to an hrp mutant of the bacterium. assays of activity in tissue extracts revealed ph optima of 4.5, 6.0, 5.5 to 6.0, and 6.0 to 6.5 for the substrates tetramethylbenzidine, guaiacol, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic ... | 1998 | 9808752 |
| construction and physiological analysis of a xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae reca mutant. | a xoo reca insertion inactivation mutant was constructed. the mutant, lacking reca, showed increased sensitivity towards mutagen killing. this phenotype could be complemented by a cloned, functional reca. unlike other bacteria, both the reca mutant and the parental strain had similar level of resistance to h2o2 killing and peroxide-induced mutagenesis. | 1998 | 9868770 |
| insertion sequences. | insertion sequences (iss) constitute an important component of most bacterial genomes. over 500 individual iss have been described in the literature to date, and many more are being discovered in the ongoing prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome-sequencing projects. the last 10 years have also seen some striking advances in our understanding of the transposition process itself. not least of these has been the development of various in vitro transposition systems for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic e ... | 1998 | 9729608 |
| subcellular distribution and tissue expression of phospholipase dalpha, dbeta, and dgamma in arabidopsis. | three phospholipase ds (plds; ec 3.1.4.4) have been cloned from arabidopsis, and they exhibit two distinct types of activities: polyphosphoinositide-requiring pldbeta and pldgamma, and polyphosphoinositide-independent pldalpha. in subcellular fractions of arabidopsis leaves, pldalpha and pldgamma were both present in the plasma membrane, intracellular membranes, mitochondria, and clathrin-coated vesicles, but their relative levels differed in these fractions. in addition, pldgamma was detected i ... | 1999 | 10198096 |
| the structural and functional organization of h-ns-like proteins is evolutionarily conserved in gram-negative bacteria. | the structural gene of the h-ns protein, a global regulator of bacterial metabolism, has been identified in the group of enterobacteria as well as in closely related bacteria, such as erwinia chrysanthemi and haemophilus influenzae. isolated outside these groups, the bph3 protein of bordetella pertussis exhibits a low amino acid conservation with h-ns, particularly in the n-terminal domain. to obtain information on the structure, function and/or evolution of h-ns, we searched for other h-ns-rela ... | 1999 | 9987132 |
| a "defeated" rice resistance gene acts as a qtl against a virulent strain of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | the genetic components responsible for qualitative and quantitative resistance of rice plants to three strains (cr4, cxo8, and cr6) of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo) were investigated using a set of 315 recombinant inbred lines (rils) from the cross lemont (japonica) x teqing (indica) and a complete linkage map with 182 well distributed rflp markers. we mapped a major gene (xa4) and ten quantitative trait loci (qtls) which were largely responsible for segregation of the resistance phenotype ... | 1999 | 10071210 |
| zelkovamycin, a new cyclic peptide antibiotic from streptomyces sp. k96-0670. i. production, isolation and biological properties. | a new antibiotic termed zelkovamycin was isolated from the fermentation broth of streptomyces sp. k96-0670 by solvent extraction, ods column chromatography and preparative hplc. zelkovamycin showed antibacterial activity against xanthomonas oryzae, acholeplasma laidlawii, pyricularia oryzae and staphylococcus aureus. | 1999 | 10092194 |
| the adsorption protein genes of xanthomonas campestris filamentous phages determining host specificity. | gene iii (giii) of philf, a filamentous phage specifically infecting xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, was previously shown to encode a virion-associated protein (piii) required for phage adsorption. in this study, the transcription start site for the gene and the n-terminal sequence of the protein were determined, resulting in the revision of the translation initiation site from the one previously predicted for this gene. for comparative study, the giii of phixv, a filamentous phage specif ... | 1999 | 10198010 |
| differential regulation of two divergent sinorhizobium meliloti genes for hpii-like catalases during free-living growth and protective role of both catalases during symbiosis. | two catalases, kata and katb, have been detected in sinorhizobium meliloti growing on rich medium. here we characterize a new catalase gene encoding a third catalase (katc). katc activity was detectable only at the end of the stationary phase in s. meliloti growing in minimum medium, whereas kata activity was found during the exponential phase. analysis with a katc-lacz fusion demonstrated that katc expression is mainly regulated at the transcription level. an increase of catalase activity corre ... | 1999 | 10198032 |
| identification of a novel beta-lactamase produced by xanthomonas campestris, a phytopathogenic bacterium. | the xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 11 chromosome encodes a periplasmic beta-lactamase of 30 kda. gene replacement and complementation confirmed the presence of this enzyme. its deduced amino acid sequence shows identity and conserved domains between it and stenotrophomonas maltophilia l2 and other ambler class a/bush group 2 beta-lactamases. southern hybridization detected a single homologous fragment in each of 12 other xanthomonas strains, indicating that the presence of a beta-lactamas ... | 1999 | 10390247 |
| community analysis of biofilters using fluorescence in situ hybridization including a new probe for the xanthomonas branch of the class proteobacteria. | domain-, class-, and subclass-specific rrna-targeted probes were applied to investigate the microbial communities of three industrial and three laboratory-scale biofilters. the set of probes also included a new probe (named xan818) specific for the xanthomonas branch of the class proteobacteria; this probe is described in this study. the members of the xanthomonas branch do not hybridize with previously developed rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes for the alpha-, beta-, and gamma-proteobacteri ... | 1999 | 10427047 |
| development and application of pathovar-specific monoclonal antibodies that recognize the lipopolysaccharide o antigen and the type iv fimbriae of xanthomonas hyacinthi. | the objective of this study was to develop a specific immunological diagnostic assay for yellow disease in hyacinths, using monoclonal antibodies (mabs). mice were immunized with a crude cell wall preparation (shear fraction) from xanthomonas hyacinthi and with purified type iv fimbriae. hybridomas were screened for a positive reaction with x. hyacinthi cells or fimbriae and for a negative reaction with x. translucens pv. graminis or erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. nine mabs recognized fim ... | 1999 | 10473431 |
| a transposon insertion in the gumg homologue of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causes loss of extracellular polysaccharide production and virulence. | xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causes a serious disease of rice called bacterial leaf blight. it produces copious amounts of extracellular polysaccharide (eps). an eps- and virulence-deficient mutant of x. oryzae pv. oryzae was isolated by tn5 mutagenesis. the mutant allele in this strain was cloned by transposon tagging in the escherichia coli vector pbluescript and the dna sequences flanking the transposon insertion site were determined. computer-based similarity searches in the dna database us ... | 1999 | 10481086 |
| the c terminus of avrxa10 can be replaced by the transcriptional activation domain of vp16 from the herpes simplex virus. | the avirulence gene avrxa10 of xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae directs the elicitation of resistance in a gene-for-gene manner in rice lines carrying the resistance gene xa10. we have localized a transcriptional activator domain in the c terminus of avrxa10 by using amino acid replacement mutagenesis. one mutant, with replacements at three hydrophobic amino acid residues in the c-terminal domain, was defective for transcriptional activation in yeast and avirulence activity in rice. the activation d ... | 1999 | 10488234 |
| short communication: developmental control of xa21-mediated disease resistance in rice. | the rice resistance gene xa21 confers resistance against the bacterial pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo). the molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system. reproducible means of infecting plants at certain developmental stages were designed based on the timing of full expansion of the leaf. xa21-resistance progressively increases from the susceptible j ... | 1999 | 10571882 |
| [purification and partial characterization of antagonistic proteins from bacillus subtilis b034]. | bacillus subtilis b034, an antagonistic bacteria isolated from the phyllosphere of rice, strongly inhibits the growth of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae which causes the rice bacterial blight. crude extract was obtained by precipitation of the cell-free culture of b034 with 70% saturated (nh4)2so4. the suspension of the precipitate strongly inhibits xanthomonas oryzae pv. o-ryzae, and it is thermostable, resistant to trypsin, partial sensitive to proteinase k, pronase e and chloroform. its active ... | 1999 | 12555573 |
| genotypic and pathotypic diversity in xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in nepal. | abstract among the 171 strains of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (the bacterial blight pathogen of rice) collected from eight rice-producing zones in nepal, 31 molecular haplotypes were distinguished using two polymerase chain reaction-based assays. six common haplotypes represented nearly 63% of the strains, and some haplotypes were geographically dispersed. multiple correspondence analysis divided the collection into five putative genetic lineages. lineages 1, 2, and 4 were the most frequently ... | 1999 | 18944682 |
| distribution of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae strains virulent to xa21 in korea. | abstract strains of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae that are virulent to rice lines carrying the xa21 resistance gene were widely distributed in korea. a total of 105 strains collected during 1987 to 1996 in korea was characterized by pathogenicity tests and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the xorii methyltransferase (xoriim) and avrxa10 genes. although the lesion lengths on rice line irbb21, which carries xa21, decreased as plant age increased, resistance and susceptibility o ... | 1999 | 18944737 |
| primary disease gradients of bacterial blight of rice. | abstract the dispersal potential of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, causal agent of bacterial blight of rice (oryzae sativa), was investigated through measurement of primary disease gradients. plants within individual hills of rice were inoculated, and the number of new lesions in the primary generation of dispersal from these inoculated sources was counted. two dispersal models that can describe the number of infections at the source (the kiyosawa and shiyomi and the modified gregory) were fit t ... | 1999 | 18944805 |
| [activities of superoxide dismutase in xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and its induction]. | the activities of superoxide dismutase(sod) in xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae were determined to demonstrate the correlation of sod activities with the bacterial virulence. in liquid culture, sod activities of the tested strains reached the maxima at the end of lag phase and then declined. the virulent strain pxo99a showed higher sod activities than the avirulent strain pxo99a (pbuavr xa10.f1). analysis on the subcellular location indicated that sod activities detected from the cytoplasm and peri ... | 2000 | 12548996 |
| identification of two novel hrp-associated genes in the hrp gene cluster of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | we have cloned a hrp gene cluster from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. bacteria with mutations in the hrp region have reduced growth in rice leaves and lose the ability to elicit a hypersensitive response (hr) on the appropriate resistant cultivars of rice and the nonhost plant tomato. a 12,165-bp portion of nucleotide sequence from the presumed left end and extending through the hrpb operon was determined. the region was most similar to hrp genes from xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and r ... | 2000 | 10714988 |
| superoxide dismutase activity in pseudomonas putida affects utilization of sugars and growth on root surfaces. | to investigate the role of superoxide dismutases (sod) in root colonization and oxidative stress, mutants of pseudomonas putida lacking manganese-superoxide dismutase (mnsod) (soda), iron-superoxide dismutase (fesod) (sodb), or both were generated. the soda sodb mutant did not grow on components washed from bean root surfaces or glucose in minimal medium. the sodb and soda sodb mutants were more sensitive than wild type to oxidative stress generated within the cell by paraquat treatment. in sing ... | 2000 | 10742227 |