Publications

methods for identification of flavobacteria.	published reports disagree on the best features for detecting and distinguishing between flavobacterium meningosepticum (biovar iia) and flavobacterium species cdc group iib (biovar iib; flavobacterium indologenes). this report discloses that at least some of these disagreements may reflect the methods used. to detect production of indole, a modified kovács reagent (not ehrlich) and a buffered tryptophan medium were optimal, but not all strains of these two biovars produced indole. to distinguis ...	1989	2685029
genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of flavobacterium indologenes yabuuchi et al 1983 from flavobacterium gleum holmes et al 1984.	the type and eight strains of flavobacterium indologenes were clearly differentiated from the type and two reference strains of flavobacterium gleum by deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid homology data and phenotypic characteristics. phenotypic characteristics useful to differentiate the two species are presented.	1990	2325581
polyamine distributions in the falvobacterium-cytophaga-sphingobacterium complex.	homospermidine was found as the major polyamine in one newly described species of flavobacterium (f. indologenes), in three species of sphingobacterium (s. mizutae, s. multivorium, and s. spiritivorum), and in 10 species of cytophaga (c. aquatilis, c. arvensicola, c. heparina, c. hutchinsonii, c. johnsonae, "c. keratolytica," c. lytica, c. marinoflava, c. uliginosa, and "c. xantha"). these bacteria also all contain putrescine and agmatine as minor components. flavobacterium indologenes and c. jo ...	1991	1777864
flavobacterium indologenes infection in leopard frogs.	an investigation of an epidemic of infectious disease in a frog (rana pipiens) colony was conducted. six of 40 frogs in a continuous (once through) water flow housing system had weight loss, swollen abdomen, corneal edema, uveitis, subcutaneous edema, petechial hemorrhage, incoordination, and respiratory distress. the frogs had lesions consistent with bacterial septicemia. a gram-negative, nonfermenting bacillus, flavobacterium indologenes (flavobacterium sp biovar iib), was isolated in pure cul ...	1992	1293124
evaluation of the 4-hour rapid nf plus method for identification of 345 gram-negative nonfermentative rods.	the ability of the rapid nf plus system (innovative diagnostic systems, inc., atlanta, ga.) to identify 345 nonfermentative gram-negative rods was evaluated. kits were inoculated with no. 1 mcfarland suspensions, and reactions were interpreted after a 4-h incubation at 35 degrees c. overall, the method correctly identified 311 strains (90.1%) without additional tests and 21 strains (6.1%) with additional tests, and 13 strains (3.8%) were misidentified. five of 13 misidentified strains were alcal ...	1992	1583129
riemerella anatipestifer gen. nov., comb. nov., the causative agent of septicemia anserum exsudativa, and its phylogenetic affiliation within the flavobacterium-cytophaga rrna homology group.	the phylogenetic position of the causative agent of septicemia anserum exsudativa, now most often referred to as [moraxella] anatipestifer (brackets indicate a generically misnamed taxon) or "[pasteurella] anatipestifer," was established by performing rrna cistron similarity studies. [moraxella] anatipestifer belongs to rrna superfamily v, together with the genera flavobacterium, cytophaga, flexibacter, weeksella, capnocytophaga, and sphingobacterium. the detailed structure of rrna superfamily v ...	1993	8240957
[pneumonia from flavobacterium indologenes (group ii b) in an immunodepressed patient].		1993	8334217
[frequency of clinical isolation of glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods and their susceptibilities to antibacterial agents].	a comparison was made for frequencies of isolation o glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods ((g)nf-gnr) from clinical specimens during a period from july, 1986 to june, 1987 (the first period) and that from january, 1994 to december, 1994 (the second period). also, minimum inhibitory concentrations of principal drugs were determined against these isolates. the obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. thirty four (34) species of (g)nf-gnr were found from 35,200 clinical specimens in th ...	1995	7474336
clinical and microbiological characteristics of flavobacterium indologenes infections associated with indwelling devices.	clinical infections caused by flavobacterium indologenes have never been documented. thirteen isolates derived from seven patients with indwelling device-associated f. indologenes infections were identified from 1 april through 30 november 1995. the antimicrobial susceptibilities to 20 antimicrobial agents of the isolates, the cellular fatty acid chromatograms for the isolates, and the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) patterns generated by arbitrarily primed pcr of the isolates were studi ...	1996	8818879
flavobacterium indologenes bacteremia: clinical and microbiological characteristics.	to our knowledge, flavobacterium indologenes has never been reported as a cause of bacteremia in humans. f. indologenes bacteremia was diagnosed in 12 patients at a tertiary referral center in southern taiwan between 1 january 1992 and 31 december 1994. six of these patients had ventilator-associated pneumonia, two had primary bacteremia, and one patient each had pyonephrosis, peritonitis, biliary tract infection, and surgical wound infection. five patients (42%) had malignancies, and three (25% ...	1996	8879779
flavobacterium indologenes keratitis.	flavobacterium indologenes has recently been implicated in nosocomial or opportunistic infection. it has been isolated from lids, conjunctiva, and lacrimal system, and is resistant to most antibiotics. no previous cases of f. indologenes corneal ulcer have been reported in the literature. the natural habitat of flavobacteria is soil, water, plants, and foodstuffs. in the hospital environment, these bacteria exist in water systems and on wet surfaces. they are not part of the normal ocular flora.	1997	9097315
phylogenetic position of riemerella anatipestifer based on 16s rrna gene sequences.	riemerella anatipestifer, the causative agent of septicemia anserum exsudativa (also called new duckling disease), belongs to the family flavobacteriaceae of gram-negative bacteria. we determined the dna sequences of the rrs genes encoding the 16s rrnas of four r. anatipestifer strains by directly sequencing pcr-amplified rrs genes. a sequence similarity analysis confirmed the phylogenetic position of r. anatipestifer in the family flavobacteriaceae in rrna superfamily v and allowed fine mapping ...	1997	9103649
antimicrobial susceptibility of flavobacteria as determined by agar dilution and disk diffusion methods.	a total of 106 clinical isolates of flavobacteria, including 41 isolates of flavobacterium meningosepticum, 59 of flavobacterium indologenes, and 6 of flavobacterium odoratum were collected from january 1992 to december 1995 from patients in taiwan. the in vitro activities of antimicrobial agents were determined concomitantly by the standard agar dilution and disk diffusion methods. more than 90% of the flavobacterial isolates were resistant to cephalothin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, moxalactam, a ...	1997	9174188
comparative activity of trovafloxacin, alone and in combination with other agents, against gram-negative nonfermentative rods.	in the first part of this study, agar dilution mics were used to test the activities of trovafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, clinafloxacin, ceftazidime, and imipenem against 458 gram-negative nonfermenters. the overall respective mics at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (mic50s) and mic90s were as follows: trovafloxacin, 1.0 and 16.0 microg/ml; ciprofloxacin, 2.0 and 16.0 microg/ml; ofloxacin, 2.0 and 32.0 microg/ml; levofloxacin, 1.0 and 16.0 microg/ml; sparfl ...	1997	9210669
increasing incidence of nosocomial chryseobacterium indologenes infections in taiwan.	to understand the clinical features, antimicrobial therapy, and epidemiology of chryseobacterium indologenes infections, the medical records of 36 patients with nosocomial chryseobacterium indologenes infections seen over a three-year period at national taiwan university hospital were reviewed. the 36 isolates recovered from these patients were studied by molecular typing and determination of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. nine patients had underlying neoplastic diseases, seven had diabe ...	1997	9323467
susceptibilities of chryseobacterium indologenes and chryseobacterium meningosepticum to cefepime and cefpirome.	in vitro activities of cefepime and cefpirome against 96 isolates of chryseobacterium indologenes and 21 of c. meningosepticum were determined by the agar dilution method. overall, cefepime was more active than cefpirome against c. indologenes (mic at which 50% of the isolates were inhibited [mic50] and mic90, 4 and 16 microg/ml, respectively, for cefepime and 8 and 128 microg/ml, respectively, for cefpirome). both agents had poor potency against c. meningosepticum (mic50 and mic90, 64 and >256 ...	1997	9399547
persistence of a multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa clone in an intensive care burn unit.	long-term colonization of various body sites with a multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa clone (resistant to piperacillin, cefoperazone, ceftazidime, aztreonam, imipenem, cefepime, cefpirome, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, minocycline, and aminoglycosides) with subsequent severe infections in burn patients has not been reported previously. thirty-nine isolates of multidrug-resistant p. aeruginosa (resistant to ceftazidime and at least three of the agents listed above) recovered from various cli ...	1998	9574703
recurrent catheter-related infection caused by a single clone of mycobacterium chelonae with two colonial morphotypes.	we describe herein a recurrent catheter-related (port-a-cath; smiths industries medical systems [sims] deltec, inc., st. paul, minn.) infection caused by multidrug-resistant mycobacterium chelonae with two colonial morphotypes in a 53-year-old woman with gastric adenocarcinoma. four isolates recovered from this patient within a 3-month period were found to belong to a single clone on the basis of the isolates' identical antibiotypes as determined by the e test and their identical random amplifie ...	1998	9574719
bacterial-fungal biofilms in flowing water photo-processing tanks.	a complex seven species model community, including bacteria and fungi, was selected from organisms isolated from the walls of an industrial flowing water system. growth rates of the species were determined in single and mixed batch culture growth. the rates were found to be significantly higher in mixed culture for pseudomonas alcaligenes and flavobacterium indologenes and higher in single culture for xanthomonas maltophilia, rhodotorula glutinis and fusarium solani, whereas no significant diffe ...	1998	9633659
detection of acid production from carbohydrates by riemerella anatipestifer and related organisms using the buffered single substrate test.	one hundred and twenty-one riemerella anatipestifer field strains from wild birds, domesticated poultry and pigs were examined for their ability to produce acid from carbohydrates by using conventional biochemical and buffered single substrate (bss) test methods. the type strains of the species r. anatipestifer and taxometrically related genera chryseobacterium and bergeyella were included in the study. in contrast to 10 indole-positive r. anatipestifer variant strains, only a few of the 111 typ ...	1998	9646458
evaluation of the vitek 2 system for rapid identification of medically relevant gram-negative rods.	the new vitek 2 system (biomérieux) was evaluated at two independent sites with the identification card for gram-negative bacilli (id-gnb card). of the 845 strains tested, which represented 70 different taxa belonging to either the family enterobacteriaceae or the nonenteric bacilli, 716 (84.7%) were correctly identified at the species level. thirty-two (3.8%) additional strains were identified to the species level after the performance of simple, rapid manual tests (oxidase, hemolysis, indole r ...	1998	9650942
outbreak of pseudomonas fluorescens bacteremia among oncology patients.	from 7 to 24 march 1997, four patients developed pseudomonas fluorescens bacteremia at the hospital; one on the oncology ward and the other three in the chemotherapy room. these patients all had underlying malignancies and had the port-a-cath (smiths industries medical systems, deltec, inc., st. paul, minn.) implants. three patients had primary bacteremia, and one had port-a-cath-related infection. none of these patients had received a blood transfusion before the episodes of bacteremia. all pat ...	1998	9738043
[evaluation of antibacterial activities of various antibiotics against glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods other than pseudomonas aeruginosa].	mics of piperacillin, sulbactam/cefoperazone, minocycline (mino), gentamicin, amikacin, flomoxef, ceftazidime, cefozopran, cefsulodin and imipenem were determined, against 189 clinical isolated strains of glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods (nfgnr; acinetobacter baumannii (44), alcaligenes faecalis (5), alcaligenes xylosoxidans (25), burkholderia cepacia (12), chryseobacterium indologenes (23), chryseobacterium meningosepticum (9), pseudomonas fluorescens (8), pseudomonas putida (12), st ...	1998	9755431
microbial diversity in a hydrocarbon- and chlorinated-solvent-contaminated aquifer undergoing intrinsic bioremediation.	a culture-independent molecular phylogenetic approach was used to survey constituents of microbial communities associated with an aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbons (mainly jet fuel) and chlorinated solvents undergoing intrinsic bioremediation. samples were obtained from three redox zones: methanogenic, methanogenic-sulfate reducing, and iron or sulfate reducing. small-subunit rrna genes were amplified directly from aquifer material dna by pcr with universally conserved or bacteria- or archa ...	1998	9758812
chytridiomycosis causes amphibian mortality associated with population declines in the rain forests of australia and central america.	epidermal changes caused by a chytridiomycete fungus (chytridiomycota; chytridiales) were found in sick and dead adult anurans collected from montane rain forests in queensland (australia) and panama during mass mortality events associated with significant population declines. we also have found this new disease associated with morbidity and mortality in wild and captive anurans from additional locations in australia and central america. this is the first report of parasitism of a vertebrate by ...	1998	9671799
comparative activities of clinafloxacin against gram-positive and -negative bacteria.	activities of clinafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, trovafloxacin, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ceftazidime, and imipenem against 354 ciprofloxacin-susceptible and -intermediate-resistant organisms were tested by agar dilution. clinafloxacin yielded the lowest quinolone mics (< or = 0.5 microg/ml against ciprofloxacin-susceptible organisms and < or = 16.0 microg/ml against ciprofloxacin-intermediate-resistant organisms) compared to tho ...	1998	9593165
times to detection of bacteria and yeasts in bactec 9240 blood culture bottles.	a 7-day incubation protocol was instituted with the bactec 9240 system for a 1-year period to determine the times to detection of clinically relevant organisms. a total of 23,686 blood and 693 sterile body fluid cultures were received; some cultures were held longer by special request. of 1,609 likely skin contaminants, 42 were recovered on day 5, 34 on day 6, 16 on day 7, and 5 on day 8. of 2,803 usual pathogens, 34 were recovered on day 5, 24 on day 6, 15 on day 7 and 1 on day 8. twenty-one of ...	1999	10325369
dissemination of two methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus clones exhibiting negative staphylase reactions in intensive care units.	from december 1997 to march 1998, 25 methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) isolates exhibiting negative staphylase (oxoid ltd., basingstoke, england) reactions were identified from various clinical specimens from 13 patients in six intensive care units (icus) or in wards following a stay in an icu at the national taiwan university hospital. the characteristics of these isolates have not been previously noted in other mrsa isolates from this hospital. colonies of all these isolates w ...	1999	9986803
comparison of isolation media for recovery of burkholderia cepacia complex from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis.	burkholderia cepacia selective agar (bcsa) has previously been devised for isolation of b. cepacia from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis and tested under research laboratory conditions. here we describe a study in which bcsa, oxidation-fermentation polymyxin bacitracin lactose agar (ofpbl), and pseudomonas cepacia agar (pca) were compared in routine culture procedures for the ability to grow b. cepacia and inhibit other organisms. three hundred twenty-eight specimens from ...	1999	10074517
molecular characterization of a carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase from chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) indologenes.	chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) indologenes 001 clinical strain was resistant to several beta-lactam classes including carbapenems. shotgun cloning experiments of sau3ai restricted genomic dna of c. indologenes 001 into pbkcmv cloning vector followed by transformation into escherichia coli dh10b gave one recombinant plasmid possessing a 4.2-kb dna insert. it encoded a pi 7.2 beta-lactamase of 239 amino acids (ind-1) which is a metallo-enzyme with a broad spectrum beta-lactam hydrolysis profile ...	1999	10077836
purification and characterization of a metalloprotease from chryseobacterium indologenes ix9a and determination of the amino acid specificity with electrospray mass spectrometry.	the heat-stable protease from chryseobacterium indologenes ix9a was purified to homogeneity using immobilized metal affinity chromatography. the enzyme was characterized as a metalloprotease with an approximate relative molecular mass of 24,000, a ph optimum of 6.5, and a high temperature optimum (50 degrees c). the metal chelator edta and the zn2+-specific chelator 1,10-phenanthroline were identified as inhibitors and atomic absorption analysis showed that the enzyme contained ca2+ and zn2+. th ...	1999	10092488
[corneal abscess by flavobacterium indologenes. a case report].		1999	10217857
nosocomial pseudoepidemic caused by bacillus cereus traced to contaminated ethyl alcohol from a liquor factory.	from september 1990 to october 1990, 15 patients who were admitted to four different departments of the national taiwan university hospital, including nine patients in the emergency department, three in the hematology/oncology ward, two in the surgical intensive care unit, and one in a pediatric ward, were found to have positive blood (14 patients) or pleural effusion (1 patient) cultures for bacillus cereus. after extensive surveillance cultures, 19 additional isolates of b. cereus were recover ...	1999	10364598
genetic-biochemical analysis and distribution of the ambler class a beta-lactamase cme-2, responsible for extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) meningosepticum.	in vitro synergy between extended-spectrum cephalosporins and either clavulanic acid or cefoxitin was found for chryseobacterium meningosepticum isolates during a double-disk assay on an agar plate. an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) gene from a c. meningosepticum clinical isolate was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli dh10b. its protein conferred resistance to most beta-lactams including extended-spectrum cephalosporins but not to cephamycins or to imipenem. its activity was stron ...	2000	10602714
evaluation of autoscan-w/a and the vitek gni+ automicrobic system for identification of non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli.	the autoscan-w/a (w/a; dade behring microscan inc., west sacramento, calif.) and vitek automicrobic system (vitek ams; biomérieux vitek systems, inc., hazelwood, mo.) are both fully automated microbiology systems. we evaluated the accuracy of these two systems in identifying nonglucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli. we used the w/a with conventional-panel neg combo type 12 and vitek gni+ identification systems. a total of 301 isolates from 25 different species were tested. of these, 299 isola ...	2000	10699007
characterization of vim-2, a carbapenem-hydrolyzing metallo-beta-lactamase and its plasmid- and integron-borne gene from a pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate in france.	pseudomonas aeruginosa col-1 was identified in a blood culture of a 39-year-old-woman treated with imipenem in marseilles, france, in 1996. this strain was resistant to beta-lactams, including ureidopenicillins, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem, and meropenem, but remained susceptible to the monobactam aztreonam. the carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase gene of p. aeruginosa col-1 was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli dh10b. the deduced 266-amino-a ...	2000	10722487
pcr assay for species-specific identification of bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is the second most frequently encountered species of the anaerobes isolated from clinical specimens. we developed a pcr-based assay for the rapid identification of b. thetaiotaomicron. specific primers were based on shared amplicons of about 1.2 kb generated from b. thetaiotaomicron by randomly amplified polymorphic dna. this 1.2-kb fragment was sequenced and then used to design a set of pcr amplification primers. this pcr generated an amplification product of 721 bp ...	2000	10747167
carbapenemases of chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) meningosepticum: distribution of blab and characterization of a novel metallo-beta-lactamase gene, blab3, in the type strain, nctc 10016.	genes encoding carbapenemases in 15 reference strains of chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) meningosepticum from the united kingdom national collection of type cultures and in one recent clinical isolate were investigated. all the strains hydrolyzed imipenem, but their levels of resistance to carbapenems varied, with imipenem and meropenem mics ranging from 2 to >32 microg/ml. the blab gene, which encodes a molecular-class b carbapenemase, was detected in only six reference strains and in clinica ...	2000	10817691
the legionella (fluoribacter) gormanii metallo-beta-lactamase: a new member of the highly divergent lineage of molecular-subclass b3 beta-lactamases.	a metallo-beta-lactamase determinant was cloned from a genomic library of legionella (fluoribacter) gormanii atcc 33297(t) constructed in the plasmid vector pacyc184 and transformed into escherichia coli dh5alpha, by screening for clones showing a reduced susceptibility to imipenem. the product of the cloned determinant, named fez-1, contains a 30-kda polypeptide and exhibits an isoelectric ph of 7.6. sequencing revealed that fez-1 is a molecular-class b beta-lactamase which shares the closest s ...	2000	10817705
molecular and biochemical heterogeneity of class b carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamases in chryseobacterium meningosepticum.	although the carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase (chbetal) blab-1 is known to be in chryseobacterium meningosepticum nctc 10585, a second chbetal gene, bla(gob-1), was cloned from another c. meningosepticum clinical isolate (pint). the g+c content of bla(gob-1) (36%) indicated the likely chromosomal origin of this gene. its expression in escherichia coli dh10b yields a mature chbetal with a pi of 8.7 and a relative molecular mass of 28.2 kda. in e. coli, gob-1 conferred resistance to narrow-sp ...	2000	10858348
recurrent infections and chronic colonization by an escherichia coli clone in the respiratory tract of a patient with severe cystic bronchiectasis.	a 39-year-old woman with cystic bronchiectasis had repeated pulmonary infections from 1996 to 1999, and 6 of a total of 28 isolates of escherichia coli from sputum specimens were studied. their identical antibiotype and randomly amplified polymorphic dna patterns indicated a single clone of e. coli, which persistently colonized the respiratory tract, causing recurrent infections.	2000	10878083
a novel protein-deamidating enzyme from chryseobacterium proteolyticum sp. nov., a newly isolated bacterium from soil.	a novel protein-deamidating enzyme, which has potential for industrial applications, was purified from the culture supernatant of chryseobacterium proteolyticum strain 9670(t) isolated from rice field soil in tsukuba, japan. the deamidating activities on carboxybenzoxy (cbz)-gln-gly and caseins and protease activity were produced synchronously by the isolate. both deamidating activities were eluted as identical peaks separated from several proteases by phenyl-sepharose chromatography of the cult ...	2000	10919788
rapid differentiation of fermentative from nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli in positive blood cultures by an impedance method.	rapid differentiation of fermentative gram-negative bacilli (fermenters) from nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (nonfermenters) in positive blood cultures may help physicians to narrow the choice of appropriate antibiotics for empiric treatment. an impedance method for direct differentiation of fermenters from nonfermenters was investigated. the bacterial suspensions (or positive culture broths containing gram-negative bacteria) were inoculated into the module wells of a bactometer (biomérie ...	2000	11015369
an escherichia coli reference collection group b2- and uropathogen-associated polymorphism in the rpos-muts region of the e. coli chromosome.	chromosomal dnas of enterohemorrhagic, uropathogenic, and laboratory attenuated escherichia coli strains differ in the rpos-muts region. many uropathogens lack a deletion and an insertion characteristic of enterohemorrhagic strains. at the same chromosomal position, they harbor a 2.1-kb insertion of unknown origin with a base composition suggestive of horizontal gene transfer. unlike virulence determinants associated with urinary tract infection and/or neonatal meningitis (pap or prs, sfa, kps, ...	2000	11029456
genetic diversity of carbapenem-hydrolyzing metallo-beta-lactamases from chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) indologenes.	the class b carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase ind-1 has been characterized for chryseobacterium indologenes strain 001. with internal primers for the bla gene for ind-1 (bla(ind-1)) and an internal bla(ind-1) probe, pcr amplifications failed, while hybridization results were positive when dna from another c. indologenes isolate, strain cip101026, was used as a template. thus, a bla(ind)-related gene was cloned from this c. indologenes reference strain. sequencing of the insert of a recombina ...	2000	11036018
high protease activity of chryseobacterium indologenes isolates associated with invasive infection.	in order to understand virulence factors of chryseobacterium indologenes isolates associated with invasive infection, enzymatic activities and cellular fatty acid profiles of 42 isolates recovered at national taiwan university hospital from january 1994 to december 1996 were studied. among them, 12 blood isolates were considered as invasive and 30 (recovered from urine, sputa, infected burn wounds, and catheter tips) were noninvasive. all isolates showed strong activities of alkaline phosphatase ...	2000	11269365
isolation and characterization of a chryseobacterium strain from the gut of the american cockroach, periplaneta americana.	a 16s rdna sequence cloned directly from whole-gut microbiota of the american cockroach, periplaneta americana, indicated the presence of a member of the bacteroides/flavobacterium group most closely related to the genus flavobacterium. in an attempt to confirm this finding, we isolated a yellow-pigmented bacterium (strain fr2) from the hindgut of this insect. strain fr2 was phylogentically and phenotypically most similar to species of flavobacterium and related bacteria, namely chryseobacterium ...	2001	11382221
evaluation of vitek 2 rapid identification and susceptibility testing system against gram-negative clinical isolates.	a total of 281 strains of miscellaneous members of the family enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other gram-negative bacteria were evaluated by use of identification tests with the vitek 2 system (biomérieux) and an api identification system (biomérieux). a total of 237 (95%) strains were correctly identified to the species level. only six (2.1%) strains were misidentified, and eight (2.8%) strains were not identified. among 14 strains with discrepant identifications, 8 (57.1%) stra ...	2001	11474023
recurrent bacteremia by chryseobacterium indologenes in an oncology patient with a totally implanted intravascular device.	chryseobacterium indologenes was isolated from the blood cultures of an oncological patient with a totally implantable device. because a catheter-related infection was suspected, the port-a-cath was removed after a 10-day course of piperacillin-tazobactam. differences in susceptibility may exist if either the criteria for either pseudomonas or enterobacteriaceae are used.	2001	11531991
cellulitis and bacteraemia due to chryseobacterium indologenes.		2001	11545560
improved cultural detection of burkholderia cepacia from sputum in patients with cystic fibrosis.	to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of two selective media for the isolation of burkholderia cepacia from sputum specimens in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf).	2001	11577134
identification of residues critical for metallo-beta-lactamase function by codon randomization and selection.	imp-1 beta-lactamase is a zinc metallo-enzyme encoded by the transferable bla(imp-1) gene, which confers resistance to virtually all beta-lactam antibiotics including carbapenems. to understand how imp-1 recognizes and hydrolyzes beta-lactam antibiotics it is important to determine which amino acid residues are critical for catalysis and which residues control substrate specificity. we randomized 27 individual codons in the bla(imp-1) gene to create libraries that contain all possible amino acid ...	2001	11714924
metallo-beta-lactamase producers in environmental microbiota: new molecular class b enzyme in janthinobacterium lividum.	eleven environmental samples from different sources were screened for the presence of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing bacteria by using a selective enrichment medium containing a carbapenem antibiotic and subsequently testing each isolate for production of edta-inhibitable carbapenemase activity. a total of 15 metallo-beta-lactamase-producing isolates, including 10 stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates, 3 chryseobacterium spp., one aeromonas hydrophila isolate, and one janthinobacterium lividum ...	2001	11181369
standard numbering scheme for class b beta-lactamases.		2001	11181339
in vitro activities of bal9141, a novel broad-spectrum pyrrolidinone cephalosporin, against gram-negative nonfermenters.	the activities of bal9141 (formerly ro 63-9141), a novel pyrrolidinone-3-ylidenemethyl cephalosporin, against 244 strains of gram-negative nonfermenters were evaluated. the overall mic at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (mic50) and the overall mic90 were 2 and 64 microg/ml, respectively, which are similar to those of imipenem, lower than those of the other cephalosporins tested, amoxicillin, and the ticarcillin-clavulanic acid combination, and much higher than those of ciprofloxacin. bal9141 ...	2002	11850276
biochemical and susceptibility tests useful for identification of nonfermenting gram-negative rods.	six hundred nineteen strains of nonfermenting gram-negative rods were tested for alkaline phosphatase, benzyl-arginine arylamidase, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, ethylene glycol acidification, and susceptibility to desferrioxamine and colistin. the results were highly discriminant. therefore, the proposed tests may be helpful for the identification of this group of organisms.	2002	11880447
ability of the microscan rapid gram-negative id type 3 panel to identify nonenteric glucose-fermenting and nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli.	the microscan rapid neg id3 panel is designed for the identification of enterobacteriaceae and nonenteric glucose-fermenting and nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli. we evaluated this panel for its ability to identify gram-negative non-enterobacteriaceae bacteria. a total of 134 strains, representing 26 genera and 42 species, were taken from storage at -70(o)c, passaged three times before testing, and inoculated into the panels according to the manufacturer's directions before being inserted int ...	2002	12354875
current status of antimicrobial resistance in taiwan.	while some trends in antimicrobial resistance rates are universal, others appear to be unique for specific regions. in taiwan, the strikingly high prevalence of resistance to macrolides and streptogramin in clinical isolates of gram-positive bacteria correlates with the widespread use of these agents in the medical and farming communities, respectively. the relatively low rate of enterococci that are resistant to glycopeptide does not parallel the high use of glycopeptides and extended-spectrum ...	2002	11897063
molecular and biochemical characterization of ambler class a extended-spectrum beta-lactamase cga-1 from chryseobacterium gleum.	antibiotic susceptibility testing by disk diffusion of a chryseobacterium gleum isolate, strain cip 103039, showed a typical synergy image between clavulanic acid and expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. shotgun cloning gave a recombinant plasmid in escherichia coli that produced a beta-lactamase, cga-1, with a pi value of 8.9 that conferred resistance to most penicillins (except ureidopenicillins) and narrow-spectrum cephalosporins and an intermediate susceptibility to expanded-spectrum cephalospo ...	2002	11897576
cau-1, a subclass b3 metallo-beta-lactamase of low substrate affinity encoded by an ortholog present in the caulobacter crescentus chromosome.	the sequenced chromosome of caulobacter crescentus cb15 encodes a hypothetical protein that exhibits significant similarity (30 to 35% identical residues) to metallo-beta-lactamases of subclass b3. an allelic variant of this gene (divergent by 3% of its nucleotides) was cloned in escherichia coli from c. crescentus type strain dsm4727. expression studies confirmed the metallo-beta-lactamase activity of its product, cau-1. the enzyme produced in e. coli was purified by two ion-exchange chromatogr ...	2002	12019096
overproduction and biochemical characterization of the chryseobacterium meningosepticum blab metallo-beta-lactamase.	the blab metallo-beta-lactamase of chryseobacterium meningosepticum ccug4310 was overproduced in escherichia coli by means of a t7 promoter-based expression system. the overproducing system, scaled up in a 15-liter fermentor, yielded approximately 10 mg of blab protein per liter, mostly released in the culture supernatant. the enzyme was purified by two ion-exchange chromatographic steps with an overall yield of 66%. analysis of the kinetic parameters revealed efficient activities (k(cat)/k(m) r ...	2002	12019109
plant-dependent genotypic and phenotypic diversity of antagonistic rhizobacteria isolated from different verticillium host plants.	to study the effect of plant species on the abundance and diversity of bacterial antagonists, the abundance, the phenotypic diversity, and the genotypic diversity of rhizobacteria isolated from potato, oilseed rape, and strawberry and from bulk soil which showed antagonistic activity towards the soilborne pathogen verticillium dahliae kleb. were analyzed. rhizosphere and soil samples were taken five times over two growing seasons in 1998 and 1999 from a randomized field trial. bacterial isolates ...	2002	12089011
enrichment double-antibody sandwich indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that uses a specific monoclonal antibody for sensitive detection of ralstonia solanacearum in asymptomatic potato tubers.	sensitive and specific routine detection of ralstonia solanacearum in symptomless potato tubers was achieved by efficient enrichment followed by a reliable double-antibody sandwich indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the specific monoclonal antibody 8b-ivia. this monoclonal antibody reacted with 168 typical r. solanacearum strains and did not recognize 174 other pathogenic or unidentified bacteria isolated from potato. the optimized protocol included an initial enrichment step co ...	2002	12089053
genetic and biochemical characterization of cgb-1, an ambler class b carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase from chryseobacterium gleum.	chryseobacterium gleum (previously included in the flavobacterium iib species) is a gram-negative aerobe that is a source of nosocomial infections. an ambler class b beta-lactamase gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli from reference strain c. gleum cip 103039 that had reduced susceptibility to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems. the purified beta-lactamase, cgb-1, with a pi value of 8.6 and a determined relative molecular mass of ca. 26 kda, hydrolyzed penicillins; nar ...	2002	12183230
ebr-1, a novel ambler subclass b1 beta-lactamase from empedobacter brevis.	empedobacter brevis (formerly designated flavobacterium breve) is a gram-negative aerobe involved in nosocomial infections. the ambler class b beta-lactamase gene bla(ebr-1) was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli from e. brevis clinical strain ass-1, which had reduced susceptibility to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems. purified beta-lactamase ebr-1 hydrolyzed penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems efficiently but not aztreonam. kinetic parameters of ebr-1 were similar ...	2002	12234848
chromosome-encoded beta-lactamases tus-1 and mus-1 from myroides odoratus and myroides odoratimimus (formerly flavobacterium odoratum), new members of the lineage of molecular subclass b1 metalloenzymes.	myroides odoratus and myroides odoratimimus (formerly designated in a single species as flavobacterium odoratum) are gram-negative aerobes and sources of nosocomial infections in humans. they have variable susceptibility to beta-lactams and a decreased susceptibility to carbapenems. using genomic dnas of m. odoratus cip 103105 and m. odoratimimus cip 103073 reference strains, shotgun cloning of beta-lactamase genes was performed, followed by protein expression in escherichia coli. the deduced am ...	2002	12384365
biochemical characterization of the acquired metallo-beta-lactamase spm-1 from pseudomonas aeruginosa.	spm-1 is a new metallo-beta-lactamase recently identified in pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 48-1997a, isolated in sao paulo, brazil. kinetic analysis demonstrated that spm-1 has a broad hydrolytic profile across a wide range of beta-lactam antibiotics. considerable variation was observed within the penicillin, cephalosporin, and carbapenem subfamilies; however, on the whole, spm-1 appears to preferentially hydrolyze cephalosporins. the highest k(cat/)k(m) ratios (in micromolar per second) overall ...	2003	12543663
molecular and biochemical characterization of a carbapenem-hydrolysing beta-lactamase from flavobacterium johnsoniae.	flavobacterium johnsoniae cip100931 is resistant to most beta-lactam antibiotics and has a decreased susceptibility to carbapenems. a beta-lactamase gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli dh10b. the purified beta-lactamase, john-1, with a pi value of 9.0 and with a determined relative molecular mass of approximately 27 kda was found to be a monomeric zinc-dependent enzyme that hydrolyses penicillins, narrow- and expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems, but not monobactams. seque ...	2003	12562690
evaluation of the vitek 2 id-gnb assay for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae and other nonenteric gram-negative bacilli and comparison with the vitek gni+ card.	we evaluated the vitek 2 id-gnb identification card (biomérieux, inc., durham, n.c.) for its ability to identify members of the family enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacilli that are isolated in clinical microbiology laboratories. using 482 enteric stock cultures and 103 strains of oxidase-positive, gram-negative glucose-fermenting and nonfermenting bacilli that were maintained at -70 degrees c and passaged three times before use, we inoculated cards according to the manufacturer's d ...	2003	12734254
rhizobium (agrobacterium) radiobacter identified as a cause of chronic endophthalmitis subsequent to cataract extraction.	herein, we report a case of chronic endophthalmitis caused by a ceftazidime-resistant rhizobium radiobacter strain in a 62-year-old male. the patient underwent an uneventful cataract extraction of the right eye a week prior to the appearance of symptoms (pain, redness, and blurring vision) which developed following a golf outing. upon admission the patient received an emergency vitrectomy. the patient remained symptomatic, and r. radiobacter was isolated repeatedly from vitreous fluid cultures o ...	2003	12904441
chryseobacterium indologenes bacteremia in a bone marrow transplant recipient with chronic graft-versus-host disease.	we describe a case of chryseobacterium indologenes bacteremia in a leukemia patient with chronic graft-versus-host disease (gvhd) 6 months after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. blood cultures from a vein and via hickman catheter grew c. indologenes. the patient was successfully treated with piperacillin/tazobactam and the infection did not recur. our case indicates that c. indologenes infection can occur in patients with gvhd after allogeneic bmt and might be treated with a single agent, ...	2003	14723368
use of real-time pcr with multiple targets to identify pseudomonas aeruginosa and other nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli from patients with cystic fibrosis.	pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) may be difficult to identify because of their marked phenotypic diversity. we examined 200 gram-negative clinical isolates from cf respiratory tract specimens and compared identification by biochemical testing and real-time pcr with multiple different target sequences using a standardized combination of biochemical testing and molecular identification, including 16s rrna partial sequencing and gyrb pc ...	2003	12958262
characterization of a soil-derived bacterial consortium degrading 4-chloroaniline.	a bacterial consortium comprising four different species was isolated from an indonesian agricultural soil using a mixture of aniline and 4-chloroaniline (4ca) as principal carbon sources. the four species were identified as chryseobacterium indologenes sb1, comamonas testosteroni sb2, pseudomonas corrugata sb4 and stenotrophomonas maltophilia sb5. growth studies on aniline and 4ca as single and mixed substrates demonstrated that the bacteria preferred to grow on and utilize aniline rather than ...	2003	14600240
comparing the dehalogenase gene pool in cultivated alpha-halocarboxylic acid-degrading bacteria with the environmental metagene pool.	culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were used to determine the relationship between the dehalogenase gene pool in bacteria enriched and isolated on 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (22dcpa) and the environmental metagene pool (the collective gene pool of both the culturable and uncultured microbes) from which they were isolated. the dehalogenases in the pure-cultures isolates, which were able to degrade 22dcpa, were similar to previously described group i and ii dehalogenases. signifi ...	2003	12902218
changes in microbial community composition and function during a polyaromatic hydrocarbon phytoremediation field trial.	the purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which phytoremediation systems promote hydrocarbon degradation in soil. the composition and degradation capacity of the bulk soil microbial community during the phytoremediation of soil contaminated with aged hydrocarbons was assessed. in the bulk soil, the level of catabolic genes involved in hydrocarbon degradation (ndob, alkb, and xyle) as well as the mineralization of hexadecane and phenanthrene was higher in planted treatment cel ...	2003	12514031
evaluation of the new vitek 2 card for identification of clinically relevant gram-negative rods.	the vitek 2 card for gram-negative bacteria (biomérieux,marcy-l'etoile, france) has been redesigned to improve the identification of fermenting and nonfermenting bacilli. forty-seven biochemical tests, including 19 enzymatic tests, are present in the new card and interpreted in a kinetic mode. final identification results are available within 10 h. the database allows the identification of 159 different taxa. six hundred fifty-five gram-negative rods (gnr; 511 fermenters and 144 nonfermenters), ...	2004	15364991
antimicrobial susceptibility and epidemiology of a worldwide collection of chryseobacterium spp: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (1997-2001).	limited data are available on chryseobacterium spp. leading to an evaluation of the patient demographics and susceptibility patterns for chryseobacterium spp. collected in the first 5 years of the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (1997 to 2001). fifty isolates (24 chryseobacterium meningosepticum, 20 chryseobacterium indologenes, two chryseobacterium gleum, and 4 chryseobacterium spp. isolates) were collected. the highest chryseobacterium prevalence was detected among the elderly. the m ...	2004	14715802
identification of the bacterial community of maple sap by using amplified ribosomal dna (rdna) restriction analysis and rdna sequencing.	the bacterial community of maple sap was characterized by analysis of samples obtained at the taphole of maple trees for the 2001 and 2002 seasons. among the 190 bacterial isolates, 32 groups were formed according to the similarity of the banding patterns obtained by amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra). a subset of representative isolates for each ardra group was identified by 16s rrna gene fragment sequencing. results showed a wide variety of organisms, with 22 different genera ...	2004	15066796
effects of quaternary-ammonium-based formulations on bacterial community dynamics and antimicrobial susceptibility.	quaternary ammonium compounds (qacs) are widely used as adjuncts to hygiene in domestic cleaning products. current concern that the increased use of such biocides in consumer products might contribute to the emergence of antibiotic resistance has led us to examine the effects of a qac-containing domestic cleaning fluid on the population dynamics and antimicrobial susceptibility of domestic sink drain biofilm communities. qac susceptibilities of numerically dominant, culturable drain bacteria (15 ...	2004	15184143
characterization of bacterial community diversity in cystic fibrosis lung infections by use of 16s ribosomal dna terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism profiling.	progressive loss of lung function resulting from the inflammatory response to bacterial colonization is the leading cause of mortality in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. a greater understanding of these bacterial infections is needed to improve lung disease management. as culture-based diagnoses are associated with fundamental drawbacks, we used terminal restriction fragment (t-rf) length polymorphism profiling and 16s rrna clone data to characterize, without prior cultivation, the bacterial comm ...	2004	15528712
isolation of microorganisms for biological detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates.	acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass releases furan and phenolic compounds, which are toxic to microorganisms used for subsequent fermentation. in this study, we isolated new microorganisms for depletion of inhibitors in lignocellulosic acid hydrolysates. a sequential enrichment strategy was used to isolate microorganisms from soil. selection was carried out in a defined mineral medium containing a mixture of ferulic acid (5 mm), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-hmf, 15 mm), and furfural (20 m ...	2004	12908085
seasonal variation of ralstonia solanacearum biovar 2 populations in a spanish river: recovery of stressed cells at low temperatures.	the presence of ralstonia solanacearum biovar 2 in the watercourses of european countries is increasing, but little is known about its ecology in aquatic habitats. the detection of this pathogen in 2000 in one spanish river led us to study its population density at different locations on the river over a period of 3 years. during 2000 and 2001, the pathogen was recovered at low densities (10 to 80 cfu/ml) by direct plating on modified smsa agar from water samples at 14 degrees c or higher, but i ...	2005	15640181
chryseobacterium indologenes non-catheter-related bacteremia in a patient with a solid tumor.	a case of non-catheter-related bacteremia caused by chryseobacterium indologenes in a nonneutropenic man with a solid tumor is described. the patient was successfully treated with piperacillin-tazobactam.	2005	15815050
metallo-beta-lactamases: the quiet before the storm?	the ascendancy of metallo-beta-lactamases within the clinical sector, while not ubiquitous, has nonetheless been dramatic; some reports indicate that nearly 30% of imipenem-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa strains possess a metallo-beta-lactamase. acquisition of a metallo-beta-lactamase gene will invariably mediate broad-spectrum beta-lactam resistance in p. aeruginosa, but the level of in vitro resistance in acinetobacter spp. and enterobacteriaceae is less dependable. their clinical significan ...	2005	15831827
chryseobacterium taichungense sp. nov., isolated from contaminated soil.	a bacterial strain (cc-twgs1-8(t)) isolated from a tar-contaminated soil in taiwan was studied in a detailed taxonomic study. the cells were gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming. phylogenetic analyses using the 16s rrna gene sequence of the strain clearly revealed an affiliation to the genus chryseobacterium, the highest sequence similarities being to the type strain of chryseobacterium indologenes (96.8 %), to chryseobacterium gleum (96.8 %) and to chryseobacterium joostei (96.4 %). ...	2005	15879271
chryseobacterium indologenes bacteraemia in a diabetic child.	chryseobacterium indologenes is a non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus that is a rare pathogen in humans. its occurrence in diabetic children has not been previously reported. in this report, a case is described of c. indologenes bacteraemia possibly associated with the use of a peripheral venous catheter. a 2-year-old boy with type i diabetes mellitus was admitted due to a coma caused by cerebral oedema and was successfully treated for his neurological condition but presented on the tenth da ...	2005	15947433
photorhabdus asymbiotica, a pathogen emerging on two continents that proves that there is no substitute for a well-trained clinical microbiologist.	a 54-year-old ranch hand presented to the emergency room with an alleged spider bite and multiple abscesses. both wound and blood cultures grew photorhabdus asymbiotica, an enteric gram-negative rod that was initially misidentified by the hospital's rapid identification system. clinical laboratories should be aware of the limitations of their rapid identification systems and always use them as an adjunct to analysis of morphological and phenotypic traits.	2005	16081963
chryseobacterium vrystaatense sp. nov., isolated from raw chicken in a chicken-processing plant.	yellow-pigmented, gram-negative organisms isolated from raw chicken were investigated by means of a polyphasic taxonomic approach and were shown to represent a novel species in the genus chryseobacterium, for which the name chryseobacterium vrystaatense sp. nov. is proposed. its nearest phylogenetic neighbours were chryseobacterium joostei, chryseobacterium indologenes and chryseobacterium gleum, which showed 16s rrna gene sequence similarity levels of 96.9, 97.1 and 96.1%, respectively. levels ...	2005	16166723
pharmacokinetics of difloxacin and its concentration in body fluids and endometrial tissues of mares after repeated intragastric administration.	pharmacokinetics of difloxacin and its distribution within the body fluids and endometrium of 6 mares were studied after intragastric (ig) administration of 5 individual doses. difloxacin concentrations were serially measured in serum, urine, peritoneal fluid, synovial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and endometrium over 120 h. bacterial susceptibility to difloxacin was determined for 174 equine pathogens over a 7-month period. maximum serum concentration (cmax) was 2.25 +/- 0.70 microg/ml at 3.12 + ...	2005	16187554
sensitive edta-based microbiological assays for detection of metallo-{beta}-lactamases in nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria.	the worldwide spread of metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl)-producing gram-negative bacilli represents a great concern nowadays. sensitive assays for their specific detection are increasingly demanded to aid infection control and to prevent their dissemination. we have developed a novel microbiological assay employing crude bacterial extracts, designated edta-imipenem microbiological assay (eim), to identify mbls in nonfermentative gram-negative clinical strains. we also evaluated the ability of eim to ...	2005	16272499
chryseobacterium indologenes bacteremia: a case report.		2005	17080713
performances of vitek 2 colorimetric cards for identification of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the new vitek 2 identification cards that use colorimetric reading to identify gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (gp and gn cards, respectively) in comparison to fluorimetric cards (id-gpc and id-gnb, respectively). a total of 580 clinical isolates and stock collection strains belonging to 116 taxa were included in the study. of the 249 gram-positive strains tested with both the id-gpc and gp cards, 218 (87.5%) and 235 (94.4%) strains were correct ...	2005	16145083
microbiology of airway disease in a cohort of patients with cystic fibrosis.	recent reports document an increasing incidence of new gram-negative pathogens such as stenotrophomonas maltophilia and alcaligenes xylosoxidans isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis, along with an increase in common gram-negative pathogens such as pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia complex. furthermore, the increase in multidrug-resistance of such organisms makes the therapeutic management of these patients more problematic. therefore, careful isolation and identification, an ...	2006	16405721
catheter-related bacteremia due to chryseobacterium indologenes in a bone marrow transplant recipient.		2006	16415896
16s rrna gene sequencing versus the api 20 ne system and the vitek 2 id-gnb card for identification of nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria in the clinical laboratory.	over a period of 26 months, we have evaluated in a prospective fashion the use of 16s rrna gene sequencing as a means of identifying clinically relevant isolates of nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (non-pseudomonas aeruginosa) in the microbiology laboratory. the study was designed to compare phenotypic with molecular identification. results of molecular analyses were compared with two commercially available identification systems (api 20 ne, vitek 2 fluorescent card; biomérieux, marcy l'etoil ...	2006	16597863
quantitative real-time legionella pcr for environmental water samples: data interpretation.	quantitative legionella pcrs targeting the 16s rrna gene (specific for the genus legionella) and the mip gene (specific for the species legionella pneumophila) were applied to a total of 223 hot water system samples (131 in one laboratory and 92 in another laboratory) and 37 cooling tower samples (all in the same laboratory). the pcr results were compared with those of conventional culture. 16s rrna gene pcr results were nonquantifiable for 2.8% of cooling tower samples and up to 39.1% of hot wa ...	2006	16597985
a comparison of chryseobacterium indologenes pathogenicity to the soft tick ornithodoros moubata and hard tick ixodes ricinus.	a yellow-pigmented gram-negative bacterium, chryseobacterium indologenes, was found in the gut contents of about 65% of soft ticks ornithodoros moubata from a perishing laboratory colony. the isolated putative pathogen, c. indologenes, was susceptible to cotrimoxazol and addition of this antibiotic (biseptol 480) to the blood meal significantly decreased the tick mortality rate. the artificial infection of healthy o. moubata by membrane feeding on blood contaminated with c. indologenes was letha ...	2006	16793056
mechanistic studies on the mononuclear znii-containing metallo-beta-lactamase imis from aeromonas sobria.	in an effort to understand the reaction mechanism of a b2 metallo-beta-lactamase, steady-state and pre-steady-state kinetic and rapid freeze quench electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) studies were conducted on imis and its reaction with imipenem and meropenem. ph dependence studies revealed no inflection points in the ph range of 5.0-8.5, while proton inventories demonstrated at least 1 rate-limiting proton transfer. site-directed mutagenesis studies revealed that lys224 plays a catalytic role ...	2006	16939225
culture-independent analysis of indomethacin-induced alterations in the rat gastrointestinal microbiota.	nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) are commonly prescribed for a variety of inflammatory conditions; however, the benefits of this class of drugs are accompanied by deleterious side effects, most commonly gastric irritation and ulceration. nsaid-induced ulceration is thought to be exacerbated by intestinal microbiota, but previous studies have not identified specific microbes that contribute to these adverse effects. in this study, we conducted a culture-independent analysis of approx ...	2006	17021222
molecular analysis of the subgingival microbiota in health and disease.	this investigation provides molecular analyses of the periodontal microbiota in health and disease. subgingival samples from 47 volunteers with healthy gingivae or clinically diagnosed chronic periodontitis were characterized by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) with primers specific for the v2-v3 region of the eubacterial 16s rrna gene. a hierarchical dendrogram was constructed from band patterns. all unique pcr amplicons (dgge bands) were sequenced for identity. samples were a ...	2007	17085691