Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| opportunistic infections and kaposi's sarcoma among haitians: evidence of a new acquired immunodeficiency state. | twenty haitian patients, hospitalized from 1 april 1980 to 20 june 1982, had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, central nervous system toxoplasmosis, esophageal candidiasis, cryptococcosis, disseminated cytomegalovirus, progressive herpes simplex virus, chronic enteric coccidiosis, or invasive kaposi's sarcoma. ten patients died. opportunistic infections were frequently multiple and were recurrent in three patients. in seven patients disseminated tuberculosis preceded the other infections by 2 to 1 ... | 1983 | 6299151 |
| human t-cell leukemia virus specific antigens. | type i and type ii human t-cell leukemia viruses (htlv) contain in their genomes three structural genes, gag, pol, and env and a putative transforming gene, lor. using a living cell membrane immunofluorescence assay, antibodies to surface-expressed env gene products of htlv-ma have been detected in healthy carriers living in the htlv-i endemic areas, and in patients with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma (atll). similar antibody reactivities were detected in patient mo, from whom htlv-ii was first ... | 1984 | 6100639 |
| determinants of retrovirus (htlv-iii) antibody and immunodeficiency conditions in homosexual men. | a cohort of homosexual men at high risk of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) was monitored to examine the relation between lifestyle, clinical conditions, t-lymphocyte subsets, and antibody to the aids-associated human retrovirus, human t-cell leukaemia virus iii (htlv-iii). htlv-iii antibodies were present in 35 (53%) of the 66 subjects tested in june, 1982. 4 of the seronegative subjects had htlv-iii antibodies when re-tested one year later, a seroconversion rate of 1.2% per month. ... | 1984 | 6148471 |
| postnatal transmission of aids-associated retrovirus from mother to infant. | the third child of a previously healthy woman was delivered by caesarean section. because of intraoperative blood loss, a blood transfusion was given after the delivery. the baby was breast-fed for 6 weeks. one unit of blood came from a male in whom the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) developed 13 months later. on recall, the mother proved to have lymphadenopathy, serum antibody to the aids virus, and a reduced t4/t8 ratio. the infant, who failed two thrive and had atopic eczema from 3 ... | 1985 | 2858746 |
| seroconversion of human t cell lymphotrophic virus iii (htlv-iii) in patients with haemophilia: a longitudinal study. | patients with hemophilia are at a risk for the acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (aids). as part of a surveillance program on aids, a group of patients with hemophilia was studied for clinical and immunological features associated with the syndrome. 30 patients in england who had received factor viii treatment within 5 years were studied. 29 (male) had hemophilia a, and 1 female heterozygote had been treated for postoperative bleeding. 1 man had been tattooed over 10 years previously. no ... | 1985 | 2988690 |
| igm and igg antibodies to human t cell lymphotropic retrovirus (htlv-iii) in lymphadenopathy syndrome and subjects at risk for aids in italy. | a study was performed to assess the prevalence of specific antibodies to human t cell lymphotropic retrovirus (htlv-iii) in patients with lymphadenopathy syndrome, patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), and those at risk of aids. serum samples were obtained from these groups and from healthy controls in selected cities in italy, and antibodies to htlv-iii were measured by immunofluorescence assay and, in a few patients, by western blotting. in addition, igm antibody values ... | 1985 | 2990634 |
| unique pattern of htlv-iii (aids-related) antigen recognition by sera from african children in uganda (1972). | of 75 sera collected in the west nile district of uganda over a 1-year period between 1972 and 1973, 50 (66%) had antibody reactivity to human t-cell lymphotropic virus subgroup iii (htlv-iii) at low titer levels. sera were initially screened by htlv-iii enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and sera with values less than normal mean + 2 sd were removed from testing. the remaining sera were tested for positivity by an amplified western blotting procedure which incorporated a three-layer immunoperoxi ... | 1985 | 2990697 |
| molecular cloning of cdna encoding gp68 of adult t-cell leukaemia-associated antigen: evidence for expression of the px iv region of human t-cell leukaemia virus. | a 2.3 kb cdna was cloned from human t-cell leukaemia virus [htlv(mt-2)] virion rna using a vector system, as plasmid phtlv 707. the restriction endonuclease map of phtlv 707 revealed that the insert contained the 5' half of the env gene and a portion of the px region of htlv, corresponding to the subgenomic rna derived from 32s defective htlv. nucleotide sequence analysis of phtlv 707 indicated that the clone contained an open reading frame for a 60k mol. wt. protein including the upstream and e ... | 1985 | 2991447 |
| htlv-iii/lav antibody status of spouses and household contacts assisting in home infusion of hemophilia patients. | thirty-four adult and pediatric hemophilia a and b patients and 50 nonhemophilic members belonging to 28 families were enrolled in august 1984 in a study of human t cell lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) antibody status and t cell subpopulation numbers. all 50 household contacts, including three spouses of lav antibody-positive adult hemophiliacs, were immunologically normal and serologically negative with respect to htlv-iii/lav. based on western blot s ... | 1985 | 2992640 |
| a human t-lymphotropic retrovirus (htlv-iii) as the cause of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | three human t-lymphotropic viruses have been isolated and characterized in the past 5 years. the ability to culture target cells with t-cell growth factor and sensitive detection systems for the virally encoded polymerase reverse transcriptase permitted isolation of htlv-i, which is strongly linked to the cause of adult t-cell leukemia and associated with other lymphoid malignancies in endemic areas. the same techniques, using a permissive human tumor cell line, allowed the isolation and charact ... | 1985 | 2996399 |
| the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in persons with hemophilia. | the widespread use of coagulation factor concentrates prepared from the blood of numerous donors has doubled the life expectancy of persons with hemophilia, but parenteral exposure to alloantigens and infectious agents is not free of risk. the prevalence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) now approaches 1% in patients with hemophilia, and laboratory evidence of abnormal immunoregulation is found in at least 50% of treated patients with severe hemophilia. the immune defect is multif ... | 1985 | 2996407 |
| immunological properties of htlv-iii antigens recognized by sera of patients with aids and aids-related complex and of asymptomatic carriers of htlv-iii infection. | a high correlation was found among antibodies to human t-cell leukemia virus type iii (htlv-iii), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex. with the western blot technique the antigens (shown as proteins with molecular weights given in thousands) in htlv-iii lysates recognized by positive sera have been identified as p120, p66, p51, p41, p31, p24, and p17. the most common reactivity was toward p41. lectin fractionation identified p120 and p41 as ... | 1985 | 2410106 |
| prospects of therapy for infections with human t-lymphotropic virus type iii. | human t-lymphotropic virus type iii is susceptible to attack at various sites during its replicative cycle. inhibitors of reverse transcriptase activity, including suramin, antimoniotungstate (hpa-23), and trisodium phosphonoformate, have shown in-vitro activity against the virus in early clinical trials. other significant antiviral agents are recombinant interferon alpha-a, ribavirin, and ansamycin. double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of interferon alpha, which inhibits viral repli ... | 1985 | 2413793 |
| prevalence of htlv-iii/lav antibody in selected populations in thailand. | antibody to the human t-lymphotropic virus, type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) by elisa test was detected in one (1%) of 101 male homosexual prostitutes (confidence limit 95%:0.03-5.4%, in two (2%) of 100 thalassemia patients, and in none (c.l. 95%:0-3.6%) of 100 female prostitutes, 99 parenteral drug abusers, 100 male vd patients, 100 consecutive blood donors in serum collected from february through june 1985. serum from the positive homosexual subject was strongly positiv ... | 1985 | 3869739 |
| aids epidemic sparks campaign to encourage condom use. | the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) is fueling a campaign that encourages use of the condom to combat the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. condom use is being advocated even when one partner is practicing another form of contraception. the threat of aids has spread beyond the original risk groups -- homosexual and bisexual men, intravenous drug users, and transfusion recipients -- to include heterosexual men and women. researchers from the centers for disease control said a ... | 1985 | 12280299 |
| elimination of human immunodeficiency virus from immunoglobulin preparations. | 1986 | 2422515 | |
| antibody against the human immunodeficiency virus in commercial intravenous gammaglobulin preparations. | in a 6-month study, antibody levels against the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were determined in intravenous gammaglobulin preparations and 45 serum samples from 20 patients on gammaglobulin therapy. all 10 lots of a reduced and alkylated preparation and 4 of 8 lots of a ph4/pepsin-treated preparation were seropositive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). by western blot analysis, 8 of 10 lots of the reduced and alkylated preparation and 3 of 8 lots of the ph4/pepsin-treated prepar ... | 1986 | 2428274 |
| neurologic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection in children. | this report describes the neurologic manifestations of 36 children with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. in this cohort, in 16 of 21 children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), three of 12 children with aids-related complex, and one of three asymptomatic seropositive children, a progressive encephalopathy developed. neurologic signs were often detected early but tended to worsen coincident with progression of the immunodeficiency. the presence of progressive encephalopa ... | 1986 | 2429248 |
| in vitro modification of human immunodeficiency virus infection by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and gamma interferon. | the ability of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) and gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) to modify human immunodeficiency virus (hiv; also called htlv-iii/lav) infection in the monocytic cell line u-937 was examined. when added to persistently infected cell cultures, gm-csf at 30-300 units per ml produced maximal reductions in reverse transcriptase activity of 37-55% 10-14 days after its addition, whereas ifn-gamma produced reductions of 64-68% 10-17 days after ... | 1986 | 2430298 |
| shedding and interspecies type sero-reactivity of the envelope glycopolypeptide gp120 of the human immunodeficiency virus. | two glycopolypeptides with molecular weights 160,000 and 120,000 (gp120) are regularly recognized by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-specific antisera in lysates of cells persistently infected with hiv. in the present study, gp120 was characterized as the major envelope glycopolypeptide of hiv. gp120 was identified as the external viral glycoprotein by radiosequencing and by its presence in purified virus. however gp120 was predominantly shed as a soluble protein into the culture fluid. furth ... | 1986 | 2431105 |
| trans-activation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat sequence by dna viruses. | to investigate whether dna viruses can augment gene expression of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), cotransfection experiments were carried out in which a recombinant plasmid containing the hiv long terminal repeat (ltr) linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene was transfected into cultured cells along with plasmids containing dna from various distinct classes of dna viruses. molecular clones containing jc virus, bk virus, lymphotropic papovavirus, bovine papilloma virus, ... | 1986 | 2432602 |
| antibodies to human t-lymphotropic virus type iii and development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in homosexual men presenting with immune thrombocytopenia. | in 35 homosexual men with isolated thrombocytopenia at initial presentation, who were evaluated and treated between 1982 and 1984, hematologic studies showed immune destruction. in contrast to findings in other autoimmune conditions, t-lymphocyte subsets in these patients were reversed, with a mean helper to suppressor ratio of 0.4 and with an absolute depletion of helper cells to 390/mm3. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected antibodies to human t-lymphotropic virus type iii in 21 of 25 ... | 1986 | 3000249 |
| [human t-lymphotropic virus (htlv-iii) antibodies in intravenous drug addicts from the valencia community]. | 1986 | 3007886 | |
| surveillance for aids in a central african city. kinshasa, zaire. | surveillance for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in kinshasa, zaire, was initiated in july 1984, using a modified version of the case definition developed by the centers for disease control. during the first eight months, 332 patients met all clinical and laboratory criteria; surveillance information was available for 295 (89%) of these patients. of the sera tested from these patients, 99% had antibodies to human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus by bo ... | 1986 | 3012131 |
| natural history of primary infection with lav in multitransfused patients. by the aids-hemophilia french study group. | in the course of a prospective study of asymptomatic, multitransfused subjects, seroconversion to human lymphadenopathy-associated virus (lav/htlv-iii) occurred in 34 hemophilic and in two thalassemic patients. in subjects treated with procoagulant concentrates, primary infection, as evidenced by the development of antibodies to lav, was a clinically silent event apart from moderate lymph node enlargement in 21% of cases. concomitant immunologic disturbances mainly affected t lymphocyte subsets. ... | 1986 | 3013344 |
| chronic hepatitis b in asymptomatic homosexual men with antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus. | 1986 | 3017169 | |
| demonstration of virus-specific transcriptional activator(s) in cells infected with htlv-iii by an in vitro cell-free system. | human t cell lymphotropic viruses (htlv's) differ from most other retroviruses based on the presence of trans-regulatory genes for virus expression. in this study, using an in vitro cell-free transcription system, we demonstrate that nuclear extracts obtained from cells infected with htlv-iii (human immunodeficiency virus, hiv) contain a factor(s) that stimulates transcription specifically from the htlv-iii promoter. present studies indicate that this activation is mainly involved in the initiat ... | 1986 | 3019564 |
| vaginal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) to a chimpanzee. | 1986 | 3021872 | |
| kaposi's sarcoma and htlv-iii: a study in nigerian adult males. | sera from 37 adult nigerian men with kaposi's sarcoma (ks), 30 contemporaneous controls bearing primary cell carcinoma of the liver (pcl), and 150 healthy non-tumour-bearing negative controls were tested for antibody to human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). certain immunocellular functions were also measured: the chemotactic locomotion of peripheral blood monocytes towards casein, delayed-type cutan ... | 1986 | 3021963 |
| human immunodeficiency virus gp120 glycoprotein detected by a monoclonal antibody to a synthetic peptide. | a chemically synthesized peptide corresponding to the amino acid sequence 503-532 of gp160 of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) was used to generate monoclonal antibodies reactive with the env glycoprotein gp120. one monoclonal antibody, 120-1, was isolated that reacted with the peptide and with hiv antigen(s). western blot analysis showed reactivity with two bands of 120 kda and 88 kda. 120-1 reacted in indirect immunofluorescence with 15-20% of infected human t cell line a3.01 as early as 4 d ... | 1986 | 3023102 |
| stimulatory and inhibitory influences of human immunodeficiency virus on normal b lymphocytes. | b-lymphocyte dysfunction is a characteristic feature of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and of the aids-related complex. the aim of the present study was to further examine the influences exercised by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv; formerly called human t-lymphotropic virus type iii or lymphadenopathy-associated virus, htlv-iii/lav) on normal human b lymphocytes. an unfractionated protein preparation, made from hiv purified by density gradient centrifugation, was previously ... | 1986 | 3024167 |
| willingness of homosexual and bisexual men in london to be screened for human immunodeficiency virus. | two-hundred-seventy homosexual or bisexual men enrolling in the genitourinary department of london's st. thomas's hospital were counseled, given written information about aids, and then offered screening for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), with the option of being told of the result. those told their results received further counseling, and those testing positive were offered continued support. only 5% refused testing, and 70% wished to know the result. antibodies to hiv were found in ... | 1986 | 3094718 |
| the t4 gene encodes the aids virus receptor and is expressed in the immune system and the brain. | the isolation of clones encoding the human surface protein t4, and the expression of the t4 gene in new cellular environments, have enabled us to examine the role of this protein in the pathogenesis of aids. our studies support a mechanism of aids virus infection that initially involves the specific interaction of the aids virus with t4 molecules on the cell surface. this association can be demonstrated on t4+ transformed t and b lymphocytes as well as epithelial cells. furthermore, the presence ... | 1986 | 3094962 |
| octapeptides deduced from the neuropeptide receptor-like pattern of antigen t4 in brain potently inhibit human immunodeficiency virus receptor binding and t-cell infectivity. | the differentiation antigen t4, present on the helper/inducer subset of t lymphocytes, is thought to serve as the receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). we find that a 60-kda protein, immunoprecipitable by monoclonal antibody (mab) okt4, is present on membranes from human brain as well as human t cells. furthermore, the radioiodinated hiv envelope glycoprotein [125i-labeled gp120 (125i-gp120)] can be specifically covalently affixed to a molecule present on rat, monkey, and human br ... | 1986 | 3097649 |
| expression of human immunodeficiency virus antigen (hiv-ag) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid during acute and chronic infection. | human immunodeficiency virus antigen (hiv-ag) was detected in the serum of most adult (13/16) and paediatric (6/6) aids patients and rarely in the serum of symptomless seropositive controls (1/13). it was present in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of all 5 children and most (5/9) adults with aids-related encephalopathy, but not in the csf of 13 symptomless seropositive controls, of whom 8 had antibody in the csf. a longitudinal study of 1 of the controls with antibody in the csf showed that hiv-ag ... | 1986 | 2873436 |
| unusual intrafamilial transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. | 1986 | 2875337 | |
| natural history of human immunodeficiency virus infection in zaire. | the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in zaïre was determined by identifying in october, 1984, 125 seropositive hospital personnel without signs or symptoms and 145 age and sex matched seronegative controls from the same population. between july, 1985, and february, 1986, 67 seropositives, including 38 men and 29 women, and 113 seronegatives were interviewed and examined by an observer who did not know their serological status. the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ... | 1986 | 2876184 |
| iga deficiency and salivary transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. | 1986 | 2877203 | |
| evidence for heterosexual transmission and clinical manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection and related conditions in lusaka, zambia. | in a hospital-based survey in lusaka, zambia, 189 (17.5%) of 1078 subjects had antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the prevalence of antibodies was low in subjects aged less than 20 or greater than 60 years; in men the peak prevalence (32.9%) occurred in those aged 30-35 years, and in women (24.4%) it occurred in the 20-25 year age-group. there was no significant difference in prevalence by sex after adjusting for age. high educational level was independently associated wi ... | 1986 | 2877269 |
| molecular cloning and polymorphism of the human immune deficiency virus type 2. | we recently reported the isolation of a novel retrovirus, the human immune deficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2, previously named lav-2), from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) originating from west africa. this virus is related to hiv-1, the causative agent of the aids epidemic now spreading in central and east africa, as well as the usa and europe (see ref. 3 for review) both by its morphology and by its tropism and in vitro cytopathic effect on cd4 (t4) positive cell lines an ... | 1986 | 3025743 |
| acquired immune deficiency syndrome in thailand. a report of two cases. | as a major tourist attraction for heterosexuals and homosexuals, thailand stands to experience major increases in the rate of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). this article describes 2 aids cases in thailand, including the 1st documented case. the 1st case involved a 28-year-old unmarried thai male who travelled to the us in 1981 for postgraduate work and had contact with both female prostitutes and homosexual men. in 1982-83, the patient demonstrated fever, fatigue, meningitis, and ... | 1986 | 3723046 |
| oral "hairy" leucoplakia in an african aids patient. | a 34-year-old african patient with aids developed a new form of oral leucoplakia closely resembling the "hairy" leucoplakia described by greenspan in male homosexuals in the san francisco area. a herpes-like virus was seen on ultrastructural analysis with electron microscopy. this case supplies further evidence suggesting that the syndrome in patients originating in central africa is similar to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) reported in american patients. | 1986 | 3734224 |
| health education and knowledge assessment of htlv-iii diseases among intravenous drug users. | the human t-cell lymphotropic virus, type iii (htlv-iii) is the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). since aids is not curable, public health efforts must be focused on decreasing aids transmission. 72% of all aids cases are male homosexuals; 17% are intravenous (iv) drug users; and 3% are hemophiliacs, blood recipients, and infants of these groups. the gay community is sufficiently organized to provide the necessary infrastructure for aids education and treatment; th ... | 1986 | 3781861 |
| htlv-iii infection. a clinical approach to diagnosis and treatment of the 'aids virus'. | the retrovirus human t cell lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii) can cause no symptoms at all, a syndrome of vague symptoms such as fever and fatigue, or full-blown acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). serologic tests for antibodies to htlv-iii are available for identifying the virus; tests for t lymphocyte subset numbers and function and white cell count are also helpful. management of patients with the virus depends on clinical presentation: patients who are asymptomatic carriers need ... | 1986 | 3639491 |
| tumor promoter, tpa, enhances replication of htlv-iii/lav. | the incubation of molt-4/htlv-iii cells, human t-lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii)/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (lav)-producer cell line, with more than 0.5 ng/ml of 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) for 2 to 4 days stimulated virus-induced cell killing which resulted in a high production of htlv-iii/lav. tpa significantly increased the number of plaque-forming viruses released from the cultures as well as viral rna content. interestingly, mt-4 cells freshly infected with htlv- ... | 1986 | 3639669 |
| cerebral granulomatous angiitis associated with isolation of human t-lymphotropic virus type iii from the central nervous system. | a 42-year-old homosexual man without evidence of immune deficiency developed cerebral granulomatous angiitis in association with the isolation of human t-lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii) from brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid. this syndrome may be an additional neurological sequela of htlv-iii infection. | 1986 | 3639720 |
| detection of htlv-iii rna in lungs of patients with aids and pulmonary involvement. | a majority of pediatric patients and rare adult patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) develop a chronic respiratory disorder referred to as "lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis" (lip). efforts to identify an infectious agent responsible for this process so far have failed. in this study, frozen sections of lungs from patients with aids and pulmonary disease were tested by in situ molecular hybridization for the presence of cells infected with human t-cell lymphotropic viru ... | 1986 | 3639952 |
| occupational risk of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among health care workers. | in august 1983, we initiated nationwide prospective surveillance of health care workers with documented parenteral or mucous-membrane exposures to blood or other body fluids of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) or aids-related illnesses. the purpose of the surveillance project is to quantitate prospectively the risk to health care workers of acquiring the aids virus, human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav), as a result of ... | 1986 | 3485769 |
| molecular cloning and primary nucleotide sequence analysis of a distinct human immunodeficiency virus isolate reveal significant divergence in its genomic sequences. | in an effort to evaluate data on genomic relatedness among the various human immunodeficiency viruses (hivs), we have molecularly cloned a virus isolate designated hiv (cdc-451). preliminary characterization of the hiv (cdc-451) clone indicated that the restriction enzyme map was distinct from those of other known hiv isolates. analysis of the primary nucleotide sequence of the regions encoding the structural proteins and comparison with sequences known for other hiv isolates indicated substanti ... | 1986 | 3490666 |
| multiple monoclonal b cell expansions and c-myc oncogene rearrangements in acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related lymphoproliferative disorders. implications for lymphomagenesis. | aids (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) and arc (aids-related complex) are associated with a spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders ranging from lymphadenopathy syndrome (las), an apparently benign polyclonal lymphoid hyperplasia, to b cell non-hodgkin's lymphoma (b-nhl), i.e., malignant, presumably monoclonal b cell proliferations. to gain insight into the process of lymphomagenesis in aids and to investigate a possible pathogenetic relationship between las and nhl, we investigated the cl ... | 1986 | 3491176 |
| trans-activation of human immunodeficiency virus occurs via a bimodal mechanism. | a novel, highly quantitative transient expression assay based on the human interleukin-2 (il-2) gene was used to examine the trans-activation of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv/htlv-iii/lav/arv) long terminal repeat (ltr) in a range of eukaryotic cell lines. in the absence of the trans-activating viral gene product, tat-iii, il-2 transcripts specific for the hiv ltr were present in low abundance in transfected cells and showed a low translational efficiency, when compared with il-2 mrnas t ... | 1986 | 3530501 |
| infection with human immunodeficiency virus in the hospital. epidemiology, infection control, and biosafety considerations. | infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) (formerly htlv-iii/lav) is transmitted by sexual contact, by blood and blood products, and perinatally. there is no evidence for casual transmission. the risk to health care workers is low but appropriate infection control precautions should be taken. specimens should be transported to the laboratory in plastic bags labeled with an easily recognized biohazard warning. placing patients in private rooms is unnecessary unless a patient has an ad ... | 1986 | 3532895 |
| use of an enzyme immunoassay for detection of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus in low risk populations. | antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) was detected by an enzyme immunoassay (genetic systems lav eia) in low risk populations from five geographically distinct sites. the assay used virus (lav) grown in the t-cell line cem. in blood and plasma donor populations, 0.4 percent of the samples were initially reactive and 0.2 percent were repeatably reactive. fourteen of the twenty-one (67 percent) repeatably reactive specimens were confirmed by immuneprecipitation (rip). the assay demonstrat ... | 1986 | 3535179 |
| the impact of aids on artificial insemination by donor. | artificial insemination by donor (aid) provides a necessary service to a significant number of infertile couples. its practice has been well controlled in australia by careful donor screening and selection of suitable recipients. the potential for transmission of several infectious diseases has demanded a vigorous protocol for donor assessment and a strong movement away from the use of fresh semen. the description of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission by aid has increased the need f ... | 1986 | 3542178 |
| absence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency (aids) virus in dental health care workers in johannesburg. | 1986 | 3547774 | |
| updating of methods for prevention of hiv transmission during ophthalmological procedures. | the presence of hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) particles in the tear fluid, on the conjunctival surface or in the contact lenses of patients with chronic hiv infection has made it necessary to establish better for guide-lines for decontamination of instruments during ophthalmological procedures. the methods are now at the stage of evolution. the present paper describes the disinfection procedures used in the helsinki university eye hospital and updates the present decontamination protocols. | 1987 | 3577701 |
| histopathology of the central nervous system in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | histopathologic findings in the central nervous system in 100 autopsy cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) gave evidence of a variety of opportunistic infections and probably of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). gliomesenchymal cell nodules (47 per cent of cases) and spongiform alterations with demyelination were common. vasculitides (8 per cent) and lesions such as acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis may be attributable partly to hypersensitivity reactions. mult ... | 1987 | 3596583 |
| origin and transmission of aids. multi-use hypodermics and the threat to the soviet union: discussion paper. | health authorities in the soviet union have attempted to downplay the prevalence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in the soviet population and to suppress the publication of scientific articles on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). nonetheless, there is some evidence that the ussr may have more aids cases than any other country in europe. particularly prevalent are cases of kaposi's sarcoma in persons under 40 years of age. it is hypothesized that the multi-use of ... | 1987 | 3612664 |
| aids and family planning clinics: confronting the crisis. | the conferences, statements, guidelines and recommendations of ppfa and other family planning providers all reflect growing concern about heterosexual and perinatal transmission of human immune deficiency virus (hiv). most agree that information about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and the behavior that places women at risk of infection should be part of patient education in all clinics. condom use should be encouraged, but, preferably, without the sacrifice of the higher level of p ... | 1987 | 3622740 |
| functional regions of the envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | the envelope of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) plays a central role in the process of virus entry into the host cell and in the cytopathicity of the virus for lymphocytes bearing the cd4 molecule. mutations that affect the ability of the envelope glycoprotein to form syncytia in cd4+ cells can be divided into five groups: those that decrease the binding of the envelope protein to the cd4 molecule, those that prevent a post-binding fusion reaction, those that disrupt the anchorag ... | 1987 | 3629244 |
| cyclosporine a treatment for human immunodeficiency virus-infected transplant recipients. | 1987 | 3274431 | |
| characterization of immunologic function in homosexual men with persistent, generalized lymphadenopathy and acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | a syndrome of persistent, generalized lymphadenopathy (pgl), related to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), has been described in homosexual men. to further characterize and correlate the immunologic status of patients with pgl with those in aids, we studied spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen (pwm)-induced igg synthesis by b-cells, t-cell subsets in peripheral blood (pb), natural cytotoxicity (nc), and interleukins (il)-1 and il-2 production in 39 homosexual patients (21 pgl; 13 aids; ... | 1987 | 3492262 |
| a second discriminator for biological false positive results in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (htlv-iii/lav). | two commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) were compared in screening a large population of volunteer blood donors. one elisa utilized the human t-lymphotropic virus, type iii (htlv-iii) grown on national institutes of health t-lymphocyte cell line, h-9, as antigen source; the second used lymphadenopathy associated virus (lav) grown on pasteur institutes' t-lymphocyte cell line, cem-f. biological false positives (bfp) occurred at a rate of approximately 0.5 percent usi ... | 1987 | 3492793 |
| neoplastic complications of htlv-iii infection. lymphomas and solid tumors. | neoplastic disease arose in 29 of 200 patients infected with human t lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii) seen at a suburban hospital. seventeen patients had kaposi's sarcoma, one of whom also had colon carcinoma. nine patients had lymphoproliferative disorders (seven lymphomas, one t suppressor cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and one multiple myeloma), including three with concomitant kaposi's sarcoma and one with colon cancer. one other patient had colon cancer, one had a seminoma, and on ... | 1987 | 3493690 |
| aids virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes in lung disorders. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is implicated in the development of aids (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). hiv infection leads to the generation of hiv-specific thymus-derived (t) lymphocytes in humans and apes. we describe an experimental system permitting the quantitative and systematic analysis of hiv-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl). functional, hiv-specific ctl are obtained by broncho-alveolar lavage (bal) from the lungs of seropositive patients with lymphocytic alveolitis. th ... | 1987 | 3496542 |
| nonrandom development of immunologic abnormalities after infection with human immunodeficiency virus: implications for immunologic classification of the disease. | blood specimens from 165 intravenous drug users who were seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), from 158 seropositive homosexual men with lymphadenopathy, and from 77 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were assessed immunologically. immunologic parameters were analyzed by the guttman scalogram technique to determine if immunologic abnormalities occurred in a nonrandom pattern. the following four patterns emerged: (i) seropositivity for hiv with no immunolog ... | 1987 | 3496603 |
| 3'-substituted 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogues as potential anti-hiv (htlv-iii/lav) agents. | a series of 2',3'-unsaturated and 3'-substituted 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogues of purines and pyrimidines have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the 2',3'-unsaturated analogues of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddecyd) and 2',3'-dideoxythymidine (ddethd), 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (azddthd), 3'-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddcyd), and 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (ddado) emerged as the most potent inhibit ... | 1987 | 3497272 |
| sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus and its relationship to the human immunodeficiency viruses. | the characterization of hiv-1 (htlv-iii/lav), the human retrovirus associated with aids (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) has led to the identification of a group of related human and simian retroviruses which also infect cd4-bearing t lymphocytes. simian t-lymphotropic virus type iii (simian immodeficiency virus) from macaques (stlv-iiimac) induces symptoms similar to those of aids in infected macaques, but isolates from african green monkeys (stlv-iiiagm) and mangabeys (stlv-iimm) appear t ... | 1987 | 3497350 |
| antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity-inducing antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus. presence at different clinical stages. | the presence of antibodies mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected target cells was investigated with 170 sera from patients with varying severity of hiv infection. approximately 40% of sera from individuals representing all stages of infection were adcc-positive when tested against htlv-iiib infected 0937 clone 2 target cells. the positive sera had higher hiv antibody titers as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay co ... | 1987 | 3498755 |
| human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat responds to t-cell activation signals. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), the causative agent of aids, infects and kills lymphoid cells bearing the cd4 antigen. in an infected cell, a number of cellular as well as hiv-encoded gene products determine the levels of viral gene expression and hiv replication. efficient hiv-replication occurs in activated t cells. utilizing transient expression assays, we show that gene expression directed by the hiv long terminal repeat (ltr) increases in response to t-cell activation signals. the effec ... | 1987 | 3498942 |
| specific adsorption of htlv-i to various target human and animal cells. | in this report, we describe a flow cytometric analysis of htlv-i specific binding to fresh and cultured cells on a single cell basis. this assay uses rhodamine hydrocarbon tagged, purified htlv-i virions according to the procedure originally described for avian retroviruses. successful htlv-i transmission was detected by analysis of integrated htlv-i dna, virion-associated reverse transcriptase, and/or intracellular htlv-i core antigen p19 expression. only a specific virus-cell interaction was d ... | 1987 | 3499186 |
| analysis of the antigen- and mitogen-induced differentiation of b lymphocytes from asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive male homosexuals. discrepancy between t cell-dependent and t cell-independent activation. | five asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seropositive male homosexuals were immunized with the recall antigens tetanus toxoid (tt) and the three types of poliovirus present in diphtheria, tetanus, and polio vaccine. four weeks after immunization, the in vivo response to booster immunization, the in vitro pokeweed mitogen (pwm)-induced igg secretion, and the in vitro t cell-dependent and t cell-independent antigen-induced antibody response were assayed. increase in serum antibody tite ... | 1987 | 3499462 |
| phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxynucleotides: inhibitors of replication and cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus. | nuclease-resistant phosphorothioate analogs of certain oligodeoxynucleotides have been tested in vitro as antiviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in human t cells. phosphorothioate analogs complementary to hiv sequences, as well as noncomplementary analogs including homooligomers, exhibited potent antiviral activity. the antiviral activity was related to the base composition of the analogs, and longer phosphorothioates were more effective than shorter ones. a 28-mer phosphoro ... | 1987 | 3499613 |
| [detection of antibodies to the surface (anti-p-41) and nuclear protein (anti-p-24) of the human immunologic deficiency virus (hiv)]. | 1987 | 3500393 | |
| failure of "optimal" four-drug short-course tuberculosis chemotherapy in a compliant patient with human immunodeficiency virus. | 1987 | 3500660 | |
| human immunodeficiency virus-associated changes in signal transduction. | it is well established that the activation of t lymphocytes by mitogen/antigen is accompanied by a rise in intracellular free calcium ([ca2+]i), changes in membrane potential, metabolism of inositol phospholipid, and activation of protein kinase c. these early events of signal transduction culminate in late events of lymphocyte activation, namely, dna synthesis, lymphokine production, and cellular proliferation. in this study we examined the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) on change ... | 1987 | 3500963 |
| human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection for the general physician. | 1987 | 3501581 | |
| [hiv infections in the frankfurt area: results of viral serologic laboratory diagnosis]. | basing on routine laboratory diagnosis of serum antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) in the years 1985 and 1986, the monthly detection rate of infection amounts to 50 persons on an average in the region of frankfurt/frg. the relation of female to male persons changed from 1:7 to 1:3 during one year. this might be influenced by a screening programme performed with female prostitutes who are found seropositive in about 2.5%. in december 1986, the first case of an hiv-2 infection ... | 1987 | 3501766 |
| dideoxynucleosides are less inhibitory in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) than against hiv-1. | the antiviral activities of various dideoxynucleosides against lav strains of human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 (hiv-1) and type 2 (hiv-2) were evaluated. significantly more 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine was required to inhibit the replication of hiv-2 than hiv-1 in three human cell lines. hiv-2 also appeared more resistant than hiv-1 to other dideoxynucleosides. these results suggest that dideoxynucleosides may be less effective in vivo for hiv-2 infection and that a broader range of clinical ... | 1987 | 3501941 |
| isolation and antigenic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in brazil. | a retrovirus infecting a brazilian aids patient was isolated and characterized in terms of its reactivity with sera from individuals infected with human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2 (hiv-1 and hiv-2). the western blot analysis revealed that the brazilian isolate is very similar to the well characterized hiv-1 strain. the serum of the patient from whom the virus was isolated did not react with the 140 kda envelope glycoprotein specific for hiv-2. | 1987 | 3507914 |
| antibodies to htlv-1 in saliva of seropositive individuals from japan. | secretory antibodies protect mucosal surfaces against transmission of many viruses. human t-lymphotropic virus, type i (htlv-i) is transmitted via blood products and via sexual contact across mucosal surfaces. we investigated the presence of htlv-i-specific antibodies in whole saliva samples from 10 seronegative and 28 seropositive volunteers from a hospital in southern japan. antibodies directed to htlv-i antigens were found in the salivas from 22 of 28 (79%) of the seropositive subjects. none ... | 1987 | 3509678 |
| enumeration of cr1 complement receptors on erythrocytes using a new method for detecting low density cell surface antigens by flow cytometry. | a sensitive enhancing system was developed for detecting low density cell surface antigen by flow cytometry. the system termed the 'super avidin-biotin system' (sabs) uses biotinylated antibody, phycoerythrin-streptavidin (strepta-pe), biotinylated goat anti-streptavidin antibody, and strepta-pe. cr1 complement receptor antigenic sites were quantified on erythrocytes from healthy individuals and patients with antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) using sabs and a conventional rad ... | 1987 | 2952733 |
| primary anorectal lymphoma. a new manifestation of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). | non-hodgkin's lymphomas with particular clinicopathologic features occur with a high incidence in homosexual men affected by aids. more frequently than in the general population, these lymphomas have an extranodal location including the gastrointestinal tract. we have recently observed four cases of aids-associated lymphomas whose primary location is in the lower rectum and anus. the patients were 27 to 44 years of age, had greatly depressed helper-suppressor t-cell ratios, and antibodies to hum ... | 1987 | 2957043 |
| the immunological and clinical outcome of hiv infection: 31 months of follow-up in a cohort of homosexual men. | t-cell subsets, antibodies (ab) against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and clinical status were evaluated during a 31 (24-35) month follow-up study of homosexual men. the study group included 50 homosexual men, with many sexual partners, who by 1982-83 were without symptoms and had a prevalence of hiv ab of 38%. among the men who were seropositive on the initial investigation a significant decrease occurred in the absolute number of cd4+ lymphocytes (p less than 0.01). 88% of these men exper ... | 1987 | 2962276 |
| immunological study of the rectal mucosa of men with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection. | biopsies of rectal mucosa were taken from 81 men and stained using cytochemical methods for b and t lymphocytes, t cell subsets, immunoglobulin containing plasma cells and mucosal mast cells. the patients studied included human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected and non-infected heterosexual and homosexual men, and homosexual men with rectal gonorrhoea. there were increased numbers of t lymphocytes in the lamina propria of the rectum in hiv infected individuals regardless of whether the infec ... | 1987 | 2962908 |
| selective depletion of the okt 4+ 4b4+ subset in lymph nodes from hiv+ patients. | we have used 4b4 and 2h4 monoclonal antibodies in conjunction with okt 4 to quantify t cell subsets in lymph node suspensions from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive subjects with lymphadenopathy syndrome. the data indicate that the reduced okt 4:okt 8 ratio was due to a depletion of the okt 4+ 4b4+ subset. in contrast, there were no differences compared to reactive controls, considering the okt8+ subpopulation. these alterations may be related to the immunological deficiency associated ... | 1987 | 2962931 |
| hiv infection in healthy persons in uganda. | the results of several serological surveys, carried out in uganda in the last 2 years, show that hiv infection is present in a number of different groups of individuals. there is a wide range of seropositivity (0 to 67.7%) seen within uganda. in the sexually inactive, whether primary school pupils or residents of old people's homes, no serological evidence of hiv infection was found. in young adults in kampala the hiv seropositivity ranged from 10.6 to 24.1%, whereas in rural adults the range wa ... | 1987 | 3126769 |
| [the virus of human immunodeficiency]. | 1987 | 3423669 | |
| a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection-enhancing factor in seropositive sera. | while testing sera for human immunodeficiency virus neutralizing antibody titers, three sera were identified which had the ability to enhance infectivity of the virus. the sera were from three different individuals residing in nashville, tn. the enhancing factor was not removed by either filtration through 0.05 micron filters or by incubation for one hour with a stoichiometric amount of protein a sepharose. two of the sera were able to enhance infection by two divergent isolates (htlv-iiib and h ... | 1987 | 3426595 |
| circulation of hiv antigen in blood according to stage of infection, risk group, age and geographic origin. | human immunodeficiency virus antigen (hiv-ag) was determined by enzyme immunoassay (eia) in hiv-antibody (anti-hiv) positive as well as pre-anti-hiv seroconversion sera and the results analysed according to stage of infection, risk group, age and geographic origin. eleven (19%) of 58 homosexual men tested showed hiv-ag in a serum taken 3-4 months before or one at the time of anti-hiv seroconversion. in another eight (14%) hiv-ag persisted after seroconversion and half of them developed aids or a ... | 1987 | 3428375 |
| human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositivity in intravenous (i.v.) drug abusers in three cities of italy: possible natural history of hiv infection in i.v. drug addicts in italy. | the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies and the symptoms induced [persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (pgl), aids-related complex (arc), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)] was evaluated in several groups of intravenous (iv) drug abusers in three large italian cities (milan, bologna, and rome). the earliest evidence of seropositivity in sera collected from patients with acute viral hepatitis dates back to 1979 in milan and to 1981 in bologna with peaks in 1983 i ... | 1987 | 3430144 |
| kaposi's sarcoma in a young man in absence of aids or other known causes of immune suppression. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) in young individuals is unusual and most often associated with cellular immunodeficiency caused by infective or other neoplastic diseases. it has recently been highly associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). we report the case of a heterosexual 29 year aged man with no evidence of underlying malignancy or infectious diseases. antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were absent on repeat testing. his immunological profile demonstrated eleva ... | 1987 | 3435654 |
| [infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)]. | 1987 | 3444893 | |
| [africa or aids?]. | medical aid from the industrialized countries is often not well adapted to the problems of combating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in africa. aids research in africa has been marked by a colonial attitude on the part of researchers which has led to the development of a complex situation in cooperation between industrialized and developing countries. the need for small, simple epidemiological field studies can be met by small groups of experienced health personnel who are familiar w ... | 1987 | 3450041 |
| [human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), thrombopenia and pregnancy]. | three cases of thrombocytopenia in pregnant women are described. two of these patients had an aids-like illness and the third one had aids. this hiv-associated change occurred in 8% of the complications of a consecutive series of 38 pregnant women who were positive for the hiv antibody test in the course of one year. a link with hiv was established after eliminating idiopathic pregnancy thrombocytopenic purpura and after eliminating every other viral cause for the thrombocytopenia. the normal my ... | 1987 | 3450713 |
| the many epidemiological faces of aids with special reference to hong kong and implications for prevention and control. | by 1987, only 3 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) had been reported in hong kong. all 3 involved males who had been infected through sexual contact with a european or north american. in 2 cases, the sexual contact was homosexual; the 3rd case involved a man who had frequent sexual contact in new york and miami with female prostitutes. the government of hong kong moved rapidly to establish an aids expert advisory committee to carry out a public educational campaign and formula ... | 1987 | 3452402 |
| comparison of non-radioactive dna hybridization probes to detect human immunodeficiency virus nucleic acid. | simple and sensitive methods to directly detect the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are needed for routine use in the clinical laboratory. in this study, we compared dna probes prepared by: (1) nick translation with biotinylated datp; (2) direct covalent biotinylation with photobiotin; (3) direct covalent reaction with 2-acetylaminofluorene (aaf); and (4) a standard radioactive (32p) nick translation procedure. these four dna probes were hybridized with dilutions of purified target hiv dna bl ... | 1987 | 3453425 |
| antigenemia and antibody titers to core and envelope antigens in aids, aids-related complex, and subclinical human immunodeficiency virus infection. | 1987 | 3468176 | |
| leads from the mmwr. antibody to human immunodeficiency virus in female prostitutes. | 1987 | 3470531 | |
| synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro by azidothymidine and recombinant alpha a interferon. | both recombinant alpha a interferon and azidothymidine inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. combinations of recombinant alpha a interferon and azidothymidine at concentrations that are easily achievable in patients synergistically inhibit human immunodeficiency virus in vitro with minimal toxicity. combinations of antiretroviral compounds that act by different mechanisms may prove useful in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndr ... | 1987 | 3471180 |