Publications

polyphenol oxidase activity expression in ralstonia solanacearum.	sequencing of the genome of ralstonia solanacearum revealed several genes that putatively code for polyphenol oxidases (ppos). to study the actual expression of these genes, we looked for and detected all kinds of ppo activities, including laccase, cresolase, and catechol oxidase activities, in cellular extracts of this microorganism. the conditions for the ppo assays were optimized for the phenolic substrate, ph, and sodium dodecyl sulfate concentration used. it was demonstrated that three diff ...	2005	16269713
effect of ph on the toxicity of nickel and other divalent metals to burkholderia cepacia pr1(301).	nickel (ni) is a common cocontaminant at many waste sites where the soils and sediments often are acidic, thereby influencing metal availability. growth of burkholderia cepacia pr1(301) was not affected at 3.41 mm ni at ph 5, but was inhibited by 73.2% at ph 6 and inhibited completely at ph 7 compared to growth without ni. this ph effect was not observed in the ni-resistant strains, ralstonia metallidurans ch34 and 31a. predicted ni speciation did not explain the observed toxicity trends. sorpti ...	2005	16398108
[physiological and biochemical characteristics and capacity for polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesis in a glucose-utilizing strain of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, ralstonia eutropha b8562].	the physiological, biochemical, genetic, and cultural characteristics of the glucose-utilizing mutant strain ralstonia eutropha b8562 were investigated in comparison with the parent strain r. eutropha b5786. the morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics of strain r. eutropha b8562 were similar to those of strain r. eutropha b5786. genetic analysis revealed differences between the 16s rrna gene sequences of these strains. the growth characteristics of the mutant using glucose as th ...	2005	16400989
pyramiding unmarked deletions in ralstonia solanacearum shows that secreted proteins in addition to plant cell-wall-degrading enzymes contribute to virulence.	ralstonia solanacearum, like many phytopathogenic bacteria, makes multiple extracellular plant cell-wall-degrading enzymes (cwde), some of which contribute to its ability to cause wilt disease. cwde and many other proteins are secreted to the milieu via the highly conserved type ii protein secretion system (t2ss). r. solanacearum with a defective t2ss is weakly virulent, but it is not known whether this is due to absence of all the cwde or the loss of other secreted proteins that contribute to d ...	2005	16478049
chloromethylmuconolactones as critical metabolites in the degradation of chloromethylcatechols: recalcitrance of 2-chlorotoluene.	to elucidate possible reasons for the recalcitrance of 2-chlorotoluene, the metabolism of chloromethylcatechols, formed after dioxygenation and dehydrogenation by ralstonia sp. strain ps12 tetrachlorobenzene dioxygenase and chlorobenzene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, was monitored using chlorocatechol dioxygenases and chloromuconate cycloisomerases partly purified from ralstonia sp. strain ps12 and wautersia eutropha jmp134. two chloromethylcatechols, 3-chloro-4-methylcatechol and 4-chloro-3-methyl ...	2005	15774876
the type iii-dependent hrp pilus is required for productive interaction of xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria with pepper host plants.	the plant pathogenic bacterium xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria expresses a type iii secretion system that is necessary for both pathogenicity in susceptible hosts and the induction of the hypersensitive response in resistant plants. this specialized protein transport system is encoded by a 23-kb hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) gene cluster. here we show that x. campestris pv. vesicatoria produces filamentous structures, the hrp pili, at the cell surface under hrp-inducing ...	2005	15774889
static suppression of tomato bacterial wilt by bacterial coagulation using a new functional polymer that coagulates bacterial cells and is highly biodegradable.	tomato bacterial wilt by ralstonia solanacearum was suppressed by coagulation of bacterial cells without disinfection using a copolymer of methyl methacrylate with n-benzyl-4-vinylpyridinium chloride in a molar ratio of 3:1 (pmma-co-bvp) as a polymeric coagulant for bacterial cells. when 10 mg/kg of pmma-co-bvp was added to soil before transplanting of tomato seedlings, and 2 mg/kg was supplemented once a week after transplanting, a 51% reduction of appearance and a 54% reduction of index of sym ...	2005	15784982
an exceptionally selective lead(ii)-regulatory protein from ralstonia metallidurans: development of a fluorescent lead(ii) probe.		2005	15800869
a probable link between the deda protein and resistance to selenite.	to understand the molecular events involved in the reduction of selenite to non-toxic elemental selenium, 4000 clones of ralstonia metallidurans ch34 were produced by random tn5 transposon integration mutagenesis. eight mutants were able to resist up to 15 mm selenite while the mic for the wild-type strain was estimated as 4-6 mm selenite. the identification of the disrupted genes was carried out by southern blot analysis and inverse pcr. the three resistant mutants containing only one insertion ...	2005	15808941
control of the ralstonia solanacearum type iii secretion system (hrp) genes by the global virulence regulator phca.	expression of several virulence factors in the plant pathogen bacterium ralstonia solanacearum is controlled by a complex regulatory network, at the center of which is phca. we provide genetic evidence that phca also represses the expression of hrp genes that code for the type iii protein secretion system, a major pathogenicity determinant in this bacterium. the repression of hrp genes in complete medium is relieved in a phca mutant and two distinct signals, a quorum-sensing signal and complex n ...	2005	15811321
ralstonia pickettii and burkholderia cepacia complex bloodstream infections related to infusion of contaminated water for injection.	ralstonia pickettii and burkholderia cepacia complex isolates are causes of healthcare-associated infection related to contamination of intravenously administered products. based on microbiological and epidemiological data and molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, we report the occurrence of two outbreaks of r. pickettii and b. cepacia complex bloodstream infections. the first outbreak occurred from august 1995 to september 1996, and the second outbreak occurred from 28 march to ...	2005	15823657
[the synthesis of hydroxybutyrate and hydroxyvalerate copolymers by the bacterium ralstonia eutropha].	the paper deals with the study of the synthesis of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3hb) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3hv) copolymers by the bacterium ralstonia eutropha b-5786 grown under different carbon nutrition conditions (growth on carbon dioxide, fructose, and co2-valerate and fructose-valerate mixtures). the parameters to be analyzed included the yield of biomass, the yield, synthesis rate, and composition of copolymers, the activity of the key enzymes of polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthesis (beta-ketothiol ...	2005	15835780
the soluble nad+-reducing [nife]-hydrogenase from ralstonia eutropha h16 consists of six subunits and can be specifically activated by nadph.	the soluble [nife]-hydrogenase (sh) of the facultative lithoautotrophic proteobacterium ralstonia eutropha h16 has up to now been described as a heterotetrameric enzyme. the purified protein consists of two functionally distinct heterodimeric moieties. the hoxhy dimer represents the hydrogenase module, and the hoxfu dimer constitutes an nadh-dehydrogenase. in the bimodular form, the sh mediates reduction of nad(+) at the expense of h(2). we have purified a new high-molecular-weight form of the s ...	2005	15838039
oxygen tolerance of the h2-sensing [nife] hydrogenase from ralstonia eutropha h16 is based on limited access of oxygen to the active site.	hydrogenases, abundant proteins in the microbial world, catalyze cleavage of h2 into protons and electrons or the evolution of h2 by proton reduction. hydrogen metabolism predominantly occurs in anoxic environments mediated by hydrogenases, which are sensitive to inhibition by oxygen. those microorganisms, which thrive in oxic habitats, contain hydrogenases that operate in the presence of oxygen. we have selected the h2-sensing regulatory [nife] hydrogenase of ralstonia eutropha h16 to investiga ...	2005	15849358
purification and characterization of chitinase b from moderately thermophilic bacterium ralstonia sp. a-471.	chitinase b was purified from a culture medium of ralstonia sp. a-471 by precipitation with (nh4)2so4 and column chromatography with deae-toyopearl 650 m and sephacryl s-200. the purified enzyme was homogeneous on sds-page. the molecular weight was 45,000 by sds-page. the optimum ph was 5.0 and stable ph was from 5.0 to 10.0. in the early stage of the reaction, chitinase b produced beta-anomer of (glcnac)2 from the substrate (glcnac)6, whereas (glcnac)4 produced almost at equilibrium, indicating ...	2005	15849428
protein engineering of the archetypal nitroarene dioxygenase of ralstonia sp. strain u2 for activity on aminonitrotoluenes and dinitrotoluenes through alpha-subunit residues leucine 225, phenylalanine 350, and glycine 407.	naphthalene dioxygenase (ndo) from ralstonia sp. strain u2 has not been reported to oxidize nitroaromatic compounds. here, saturation mutagenesis of ndo at position f350 of the alpha-subunit (nagac) created variant f350t that produced 3-methyl-4-nitrocatechol from 2,6-dinitrotoluene (26dnt), that released nitrite from 23dnt sixfold faster than wild-type ndo, and that produced 3-amino-4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol from 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2a46dnt) (wild-ty ...	2005	15866914
isolation and characterization of a plasmid dna from periodontopathogenic bacterium, eikenella corrodens 1073, which affects pilus formation and colony morphology.	eikenella corrodens (ec) is one of a group of periodontopathogenic bacteria. a plasmid dna (8.7 kb) isolated from ec 1073 was designated pmu1. agarose gel electrophoresis and southern analysis suggested that pmu1-like plasmids were carried in 2 ec strains, including 1073, with higher hemagglutination (ha) activity than other strains. we determined the nucleotide sequence of this plasmid and identified 7 orfs. a homology search revealed that 4 orfs of pmu1 were homologous to orfs in pjtps1, found ...	2005	15869847
chemical forms of selenium in the metal-resistant bacterium ralstonia metallidurans ch34 exposed to selenite and selenate.	ralstonia metallidurans ch34, a soil bacterium resistant to a variety of metals, is known to reduce selenite to intracellular granules of elemental selenium (se(0)). we have studied the kinetics of selenite (se(iv)) and selenate (se(vi)) accumulation and used x-ray absorption spectroscopy to identify the accumulated form of selenate, as well as possible chemical intermediates during the transformation of these two oxyanions. when introduced during the lag phase, the presence of selenite increase ...	2005	15870319
identification of extracellular n-acylhomoserine lactone acylase from a streptomyces sp. and its application to quorum quenching.	n-acylhomoserine lactones (ahls) play an important role in regulating virulence factors in pathogenic bacteria. recently, the enzymatic inactivation of ahls, which can be used as antibacterial targets, has been identified in several soil bacteria. in this study, strain m664, identified as a streptomyces sp., was found to secrete an ahl-degrading enzyme into a culture medium. the ahlm gene for ahl degradation from streptomyces sp. strain m664 was cloned, expressed heterologously in streptomyces l ...	2005	15870355
aerobic biodegradation of n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) by axenic bacterial strains.	the water contaminant n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) is a probable human carcinogen whose appearance in the environment is related to the release of rocket fuel and to chlorine-based disinfection of water and wastewater. although this compound has been shown to be biodegradable, there is minimal information about the organisms capable of this degradation, and little is understood of the mechanisms or biochemistry involved. this study shows that bacteria expressing monooxygenase enzymes functional ...	2005	15672376
the bphc gene-encoded 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase is involved in complete degradation of dibenzofuran by the biphenyl-degrading bacterium ralstonia sp. sbug 290.	biphenyl-degrading bacteria are able to metabolize dibenzofuran via lateral dioxygenation and meta-cleavage of the dihydroxylated dibenzofuran produced. this degradation was considered to be incomplete because accumulation of a yellow-orange ring-cleavage product was observed. in this study, we want to characterize the 1,2-dihydroxydibenzofuran cleaving enzyme which is involved in dibenzofuran degradation in the bacterium ralstonia sp. sbug 290.	2005	15715866
overexpression of a pepper basic pathogenesis-related protein 1 gene in tobacco plants enhances resistance to heavy metal and pathogen stresses.	a pepper gene, cabpr1, which encodes basic pathogenesis-related protein 1, has been reported to be strongly induced after ethephon treatment, wounding, and tobacco mosaic virus infection. the potential role of cabpr1 in tolerance of biotic or abiotic stresses was examined in transgenic nicotiana tabacum cv. xanthi plants. overexpression of cabpr1 in tobacco plants enhanced tolerance not only to heavy metal stresses, but also to the oomycete pathogen phytophthora nicotianae, and the bacterial pat ...	2005	15719238
regiospecific oxidation of naphthalene and fluorene by toluene monooxygenases and engineered toluene 4-monooxygenases of pseudomonas mendocina kr1.	the regiospecific oxidation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons naphthalene and fluorene was examined with escherichia coli strains expressing wildtype toluene 4-monooxygenase (t4mo) from pseudomonas mendocina kr1, toluene para-monooxygenase (tpmo) from ralstonia pickettii pko1, toluene ortho-monooxygenase (tom) from burkholderia cepacia g4, and toluene/ortho-xylene monooxygenase (tomo) from p. stutzeri ox1. t4mo oxidized toluene (12.1+/-0.8 nmol/min/mg protein at 109 microm), naphthalene (7 ...	2005	15723332
control of tomato bacterial wilt without disinfection using a new functional polymer that captures microbial cells alive on the surface and is highly biodegradable.	this report describes a green chemical method for controlling soil-borne plant diseases without disinfection using an equimolar copolymer of n-benzyl-4-vinylpyridinium chloride with styrene (pbvp-co-st) that captures microbial cells alive on the surface and is highly biodegradable. tomato bacterial wilt caused by ralstonia solanacearum was controlled by the addition of sawdust coated with pbvp-co-st prior to transplantation. this effected 87% reduction in appearance and 89% reduction in the inde ...	2005	15725658
effect of over-expression of phasin gene from aeromonas hydrophila on biosynthesis of copolyesters of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate.	the gene phapah, encoding the protein phasin that is associated with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (phbhhx) granule of aeromonas hydrophila 4ak4, was cloned and characterized. recombinant strains harboring additional copies of the phasin gene (phapah) and the polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthase gene (phacah) accumulated phbhhx copolyesters consisting of 21 mol% 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3hhx) as compared to 14 mol% 3hhx produced by wild type strain. the molecular weight of phbhhx produ ...	2005	15727816
biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) copolymer from fructose using wild-type and laboratory-evolved pha synthases.	eleven laboratory-evolved polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthases which originated from pseudomonas sp. 61-3 enzyme (phac1(ps)), together with the wild-type enzyme, were applied for pha synthesis from fructose using ralstonia eutropha phb(-)4 as a host strain. the evolved phac1(ps) mutants had amino acid substitution(s) at position 325 and/or position 481. in these mutants, serine-325 (s325) was replaced by cysteine (c) or threonine (t), while glutamine-481 (q481) was replaced by lysine (k), methio ...	2005	15729719
stable-isotope probing of bacteria capable of degrading salicylate, naphthalene, or phenanthrene in a bioreactor treating contaminated soil.	[13c6]salicylate, [u-13c]naphthalene, and [u-13c]phenanthrene were synthesized and separately added to slurry from a bench-scale, aerobic bioreactor used to treat soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. incubations were performed for either 2 days (salicylate, naphthalene) or 7 days (naphthalene, phenanthrene). total dna was extracted from the incubations, the "heavy" and "light" dna were separated, and the bacterial populations associated with the heavy fractions were examined ...	2005	15746319
detection of and response to signals involved in host-microbe interactions by plant-associated bacteria.	diverse interactions between hosts and microbes are initiated by the detection of host-released chemical signals. detection of these signals leads to altered patterns of gene expression that culminate in specific and adaptive changes in bacterial physiology that are required for these associations. this concept was first demonstrated for the members of the family rhizobiaceae and was later found to apply to many other plant-associated bacteria as well as to microbes that colonize human and anima ...	2005	15755957
influence of homologous phasins (phap) on pha accumulation and regulation of their expression by the transcriptional repressor phar in ralstonia eutropha h16.	phasins play an important role in the formation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(3hb)] granules and affect their size. recently, three homologues of the phasin protein phap1 were identified in ralstonia eutropha strain h16. the functions of phap2, phap3 and phap4 were examined by analysis of r. eutropha h16 deletion strains (deltaphap1, deltaphap2, deltaphap3, deltaphap4, deltaphap12, deltaphap123 and deltaphap1234). when cells were grown under conditions permissive for poly(3hb) accumulation, t ...	2005	15758228
the pel genes of the pseudomonas aeruginosa pak strain are involved at early and late stages of biofilm formation.	pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacterium associated with nosocomial infections and cystic fibrosis. chronic bacterial infections are increasingly associated with the biofilm lifestyle in which microcolonies are embedded in an extracellular matrix. screening procedures for identifying biofilm-deficient strains have allowed the characterization of several key determinants involved in this process. biofilm-deficient p. aeruginosa pak strains affected in a seven-gene cluster called pel we ...	2005	15758243
fluorescence microscopical investigation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granule formation in bacteria.	the early stages of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) accumulation were analyzed in vivo by fluorescence microscopy in rhodospirillum rubrum, ralstonia eutropha, and in recombinant escherichia coli harboring the phb biosynthesis genes phacab of r. eutropha. phb granules were stained with nile red and by expression of a phasin-enhanced yellow fluorescent protein fusion protein. distribution of phb granules at the early stages of phb accumulation frequently occurred near the cell poles and near the ce ...	2005	15762619
synthesis of poly[(r)-3-hydroxybutyric acid) in the cytoplasm of pichia pastoris under oxygen limitation.	we have constructed a tandem gene expression cassette containing three ralstonia eutropha poly[(r)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (phb) synthesis genes under the control of the pichia pastoris glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate promoter and the green fluorescent protein (gfp) under the control of the p. pastoris alcohol oxidase promoter. the inducible gfp reporter protein has been used to rapidly isolate transformed strains with two copies of the entire expression cassette. the isolated strain exhibits gfp inductio ...	2005	15762620
reduction of unusual iron-sulfur clusters in the h2-sensing regulatory ni-fe hydrogenase from ralstonia eutropha h16.	the regulatory ni-fe hydrogenase (rh) from ralstonia eutropha functions as a hydrogen sensor. the rh consists of the large subunit hoxc housing the ni-fe active site and the small subunit hoxb containing fe-s clusters. the heterolytic cleavage of h(2) at the ni-fe active site leads to the epr-detectable ni-c state of the protein. for the first time, the simultaneous but epr-invisible reduction of fe-s clusters during ni-c state formation was demonstrated by changes in the uv-visible absorption s ...	2005	15764814
construction and evaluation of nagr-nagaa::lux fusion strains in biosensing for salicylic acid derivatives.	the nagr protein is a response regulatory protein found in the bacterium ralstonia sp. u2 that is involved in sensing for salicylic acid and the subsequent induction of the operon just upstream of its gene. the genes encoded for in this operon are involved in the degradation of salicylic acid. escherichia coli strain rfm443 carrying a fusion of the photorhabdus luminescens luxcdabe operon with the nagr gene and upstream region of the nagaa gene was constructed and characterized with respect to i ...	2005	15767693
characterization and properties of g4x mutants of ralstonia eutropha pha synthase for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) biosynthesis in escherichia coli.	modification of the type i polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase of ralstonia eutropha (phac(re)) was performed through systematic in vitro evolution in order to obtain improved phac(re) having an enhanced activity of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) synthesis in recombinant escherichia coli. for the first time, a beneficial g4d n-terminal mutation important for the enhancement of both phb content in dry cells and phac(re) level in vivo was identified. site-directed saturation mutagenesis at the g4 positio ...	2005	15768438
kinetic studies of polyhydroxybutyrate granule formation in wautersia eutropha h16 by transmission electron microscopy.	wautersia eutropha, formerly known as ralstonia eutropha, a gram-negative bacterium, accumulates polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) as insoluble granules inside the cell when nutrients other than carbon are limited. in this paper, we report findings from kinetic studies of granule formation and degradation in w. eutropha h16 obtained using transmission electron microscopy (tem). in nitrogen-limited growth medium, the phenotype of the cells at the early stages of granule formation was revealed for the fir ...	2005	15901706
the mechanism of inactivation of 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase by 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthranilate.	3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase (had) is a non-heme fe(ii) dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative ring-opening of 3-hydroxyanthranilate to 2-amino-3-carboxymuconic semialdehyde. the enzymatic product subsequently cyclizes to quinolinate, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. quinolinate has also been implicated in important neurological disorders. here, we describe the mechanism by which 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthranilate inhibits the had catalyzed re ...	2005	15909977
structural studies on 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase: the catalytic mechanism of a complex oxidation involved in nad biosynthesis.	3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase (had) catalyzes the oxidative ring opening of 3-hydroxyanthranilate in the final enzymatic step of the biosynthetic pathway from tryptophan to quinolinate, the universal de novo precursor to the pyridine ring of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. the enzyme requires fe2+ as a cofactor and is inactivated by 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthranilate. had from ralstonia metallidurans was crystallized, and the structure was determined at 1.9 a resolution. the structures of ...	2005	15909978
gene expression analysis of six gc-rich gram-negative phytopathogens.	predicted highly expressed (phx) genes are comparatively analyzed for six gc-rich gram-negative phytopathogens, i.e., ralstonia solanacearum, agrobacterium tumefaciens, xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (xcc), xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (xac), pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, and xylella fastidiosa. enzymes involved in energy metabolism, such as atp synthase, and genes involved in tca cycle, are phx in most bacteria except x. fastidiosa, which prefers an anaerobic environment. most pat ...	2005	15910748
the fucose-binding lectin from ralstonia solanacearum. a new type of beta-propeller architecture formed by oligomerization and interacting with fucoside, fucosyllactose, and plant xyloglucan.	plant pathogens, like animal ones, use protein-carbohydrate interactions in their strategy for host recognition, attachment, and invasion. the bacterium ralstonia solanacearum, which is distributed worldwide and causes lethal wilt in many agricultural crops, was shown to produce a potent l-fucose-binding lectin, r. solanacearum lectin, a small protein of 90 amino acids with a tandem repeat in its amino acid sequence. in the present study, surface plasmon resonance experiments conducted on a seri ...	2005	15923179
transcriptional analysis of ralstonia eutropha genes related to poly-(r)-3-hydroxybutyrate homeostasis during batch fermentation.	poly-(r)-3-hydroxybutyrate (phb) homeostasis in ralstonia eutropha takes place at the interface of the cytosol and the hydrophobic phb granule. phb synthesis and degradation are therefore intimately linked to the process of granule assembly and breakdown. unraveling this time-dependent three-dimensional process requires an understanding of the kinetics of synthesis of relevant proteins. reverse transcriptase quantitative pcr and quantitative western blotting were carried out on batch cultures of ...	2005	15924243
very fast two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy for real-time investigation of dynamic events in proteins on the time scale of seconds.	we demonstrate for different protein samples that 2d 1h-15n correlation nmr spectra can be recorded in a few seconds of acquisition time using a new band-selective optimized flip-angle short-transient heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence experiment. this has enabled us to measure fast hydrogen-deuterium exchange rate constants along the backbone of a small globular protein fragment by real-time 2d nmr.	2005	15926816
a simple structured mathematical model for biopolymer (phb) production.	economic production technology for a biodegradable polymer (poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate, phb) is urgently required to replace conventional polymers, which have an inherent disadvantage of staying in the environment forever. various approaches have been applied for improving the productivity and reducing the production cost, which are considered to be the two major problems associated with industrial production of phb. one of the engineering approaches to improve phb productivity could be to design ...	2005	15932263
characterization of clinically isolated ralstonia mannitolilytica strains using random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) typing and antimicrobial sensitivity, and comparison of the classification efficacy of phenotypic and genotypic assays.	ralstonia mannitolilytica strains isolated between february 2002 and march 2004 from 30 episodes of infection in 26 patients at vienna university hospital were characterized. twenty-four of the episodes occurred within a 7 month period, suggesting they were outbreak-related, although no common source of infection was identified. the isolates were assayed using pcr to confirm species identification. random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) typing classified the r. mannitolilytica isolates i ...	2005	15591256
high-level heterologous expression and properties of a novel lipase from ralstonia sp. m1.	the mature lipase lipa and its 56aa-truncated chaperone deltalipbhis (with 6xhis-tag) from ralstonia sp. m1 were over-expressed in escherichia coli bl21 under the control of t7 promoter with a high level of 70 and 12mg protein per gram of wet cells, respectively. the simply purified lipase lipa was effectively refolded by ni-nta purified chaperone deltalipbhis in molar ratio 1:1 at 4 degrees c for 24 hours in h2o. the in vitro refolded lipase lipa had an optimal activity in the temperature range ...	2005	15596365
isotopic fractionation indicates anaerobic monochlorobenzene biodegradation.	the concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (mcb) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in bitterfeld, germany. an enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 delta units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (-26.5 %), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of mcb. a similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross-section of the plume and in depth-specific samples obtained in a multilevel sam ...	2005	16117106
[ralstonia pickettii osteomyelitis of the trapezium].	an immunocompromised 29-year-old man presented with a ralstonia pickettii osteomyelitis affecting the trapezium bone. the patient underwent two surgical debridement stages, including trapezectomy and long-term drainage. the type of the contaminant organism and the trapezium localization make this observation atypical.	2005	16121624
the active component in the flax-retting system of the zygomycete rhizopus oryzae sb is a family 28 polygalacturonase.	the zygomycete rhizopus oryzae sb is a very efficient organism for retting of flax, the initial microbiological step in the process of making linen. an extracellular polygalacturonase, when isolated could perform retting, and therefore probably is the key component in the retting system of r. oryzae. this was purified and characterized. the purified enzyme has a molecular mass of 37,436 da from mass spectrometric determination, an isoelectric point of 8.4, and has non-methylated polygalacturonic ...	2005	16133102
[construction of recombinant escherichia coli strains producing poly (4-hydroxybutyric acid) homopolyester from glucose].	the aim of this study is to construct recombinant escherichia coli strains capable of producing poly(4-hydroxybutyric acid) homopolyester from glucose as sole carbon source. a glutamate: succinate semialdehyde transaminase gene from escherichia coli, a glutamate decarboxylase gene from e. coli, and a 4-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase gene from ralstonia eutropha were cloned by pcr and assembled onto the plasmid pksse5.3 which haboured the pha synthase gene from ralstonia eutropha and 4-hydroxybuty ...	2005	15989231
erecta receptor-like kinase and heterotrimeric g protein from arabidopsis are required for resistance to the necrotrophic fungus plectosphaerella cucumerina.	arabidopsis resistance to the necrotrophic fungus plectosphaerella cucumerina is complex and depends on the ethylene, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathways. a quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis of resistance to this fungus was performed using two populations of recombinant inbred lines. three loci qrp1-qrp3 (for quantitative resistance to plectosphaerella) were identified and mapped on chromosome 2 (qrp1 and qrp2) and 5 (qrp3). qrp1, the locus showing the strongest effect, was ...	2005	15998304
use of pcr analyses to define the distribution of ralstonia species recovered from patients with cystic fibrosis.	two new pcr assays (for ralstonia species and ralstonia respiraculi), together with previously published pcr assays, were used to assess ralstonia isolates recovered from 111 cystic fibrosis patients. ralstonia mannitolilytica accounted for 46% of isolates, while r. respiraculi and ralstonia pickettii accounted for 19% and 18%, respectively. ralstonia basilensis and ralstonia metallidurans, species not previously recovered from human samples, were also identified.	2005	16000479
changes in race-specific virulence in pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola are associated with a chimeric transposable element and rare deletion events in a plasmid-borne pathogenicity island.	virulence for bean and soybean is determined by effector genes in a plasmid-borne pathogenicity island (pai) in race 7 strain 1449b of pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. one of the effector genes, avrpphf, confers either pathogenicity, virulence, or avirulence depending on the plant host and is absent from races 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 of this pathogen. analysis of cosmid clones and comparison of dna sequences showed that the absence of avrpphf from strain 1448a is due to deletion of a continuous ...	2005	16000789
enzymatic degradation processes of poly[(r)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] and poly[(r)-3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-(r)-3-hydroxyvaleric acid] single crystals revealed by atomic force microscopy: effects of molecular weight and second-monomer composition on erosion rates.	enzymatic degradation processes of poly[(r)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] (p(3hb)) and poly[(r)-3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-(r)-3-hydroxyvaleric acid] (p(3hb-co-3hv)) single crystals in the presence of phb depolymerase from ralstonia pickettii t1 were studied by real-time and static atomic force microscopy (afm) observations. fibril-like crystals were generated along the long axis of single crystals during the enzymatic degradation, and then the dimensions of fibril-like crystals were analyzed quantitativ ...	2005	16004439
dynamic adsorption behavior of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase onto polyester surface investigated by qcm and afm.	time-dependent adsorption behavior of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) depolymerase from ralstonia pickettiit1 on a polyester surface was studied by complementary techniques of quarts crystal microbalance (qcm) and atomic force microscopy (afm). amorphous poly(l-lactide) (plla) thin films were used as adsorption substrates. effects of enzyme concentration on adsorption onto the plla surface were determined time-dependently by qcm. adsorption of phb depolymerase took place immediately after replacem ...	2005	16004448
enhancement of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) production in the transgenic arabidopsis thaliana by the in vitro evolved highly active mutants of polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthase from aeromonas caviae.	in this study, the enhancement of photosynthetic pha production was achieved using the highly active mutants of pha synthase created by the in vitro evolutionally techniques. the wild-type and mutated pha synthase genes from aeromonas caviae were introduced into arabidopsis thaliana together with the nadph-dependent acetoacetyl-coa reductase gene from ralstonia eutropha. expression of the highly active mutated pha synthase genes, n149s and d171g, led to an 8-10-fold increase in pha content in th ...	2005	16004454
a simple solid phase assay for the detection of 2,4-d in soil.	contaminated soils are usually characterized using chemical analyses. however, these do not assess the bioavailability of pollutants, a factor which may be important in estimating the risks associated with contamination. thus there is a need to support chemical analyses with information on biological effects to determine the potential risks a pollutant may pose in the soil. although bacterial bioreporters have been used to detect the presence of contaminants in soils, in general these studies ha ...	2005	16009273
novel intracellular 3-hydroxybutyrate-oligomer hydrolase in wautersia eutropha h16.	wautersia eutropha h16 (formerly ralstonia eutropha) mobilizes intracellularly accumulated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) with intracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerases. in this study, a novel intracellular 3-hydroxybutyrate-oligomer hydrolase (phazc) gene was cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli. then phazc was purified and characterized. immunoblot analysis with polyclonal antiserum against phazc revealed that most phazc is present in the cytosolic fraction and a small amount ...	2005	16030206
amino acids in positions 48, 52, and 73 differentiate the substrate specificities of the highly homologous chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenases cbna and tcbc.	chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase (ccd) is the first-step enzyme of the chlorocatechol ortho-cleavage pathway, which plays a central role in the degradation of various chloroaromatic compounds. two ccds, cbna from the 3-chlorobenzoate-degrader ralstonia eutropha nh9 and tcbc from the 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene-degrader pseudomonas sp. strain p51, are highly homologous, having only 12 different amino acid residues out of identical lengths of 251 amino acids. but cbna and tcbc are different in substrate ...	2005	16030237
comparison of biomérieux api 20ne and remel rapid nf plus, identification systems of type strains of ralstonia pickettii.	a : comparison of two commercial miniaturized rapid systems for the identification of ralstonia pickettii strains.	2005	16033510
pulsed field gel electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic dna molecular characterization of ralstonia pickettii isolates from patients with nosocomial central venous catheter related bacteremia.	over a period of 18 months 3 clusters of central venous catheter-related ralstonia pickettii bacteremia occurred in 3 different units of the same hospital. in order to investigate the relatedness of the clinical isolates we studied 15 strains using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) techniques. the combined analysis of the results obtained by these two methods led us to conclude that all the patients except one were infected by a single clone co ...	2005	16035259
use of a reverse micelle system for study of oligomeric structure of nad+-reducing hydrogenase from ralstonia eutropha h16.	inclusion of an oligomeric enzyme, nad+-dependent hydrogenase from the hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium ralstonia eutropha, into a system of reverse micelles of different sizes resulted in its dissociation into catalytically active heterodimers and subunits, which were characterized in reactions with various substrates. it was found that: 1) the native tetrameric form of this enzyme catalyzes all types of studied reactions; 2) hydrogenase dimer, hoxhy, is a minimal structural unit catalyzing hydroge ...	2005	16038606
application of spectrofluorometry to the prediction of phb concentrations in a fed-batch process.	on-line estimation of biopolymer production during fermentation would be a useful adjunct to the development of strategies for process control and optimization. this study examined the applicability of spectrofluorometry, along with other on-line measurements, for the prediction of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (phb) concentrations in a high-cell density fed-batch fermentation of ralstonia eutropha. models previously used for modelling phb evolution with time are not sufficiently accurate for si ...	2005	16047168
cesium desorption from illite as affected by exudates from rhizosphere bacteria.	biogeochemical processes in the rhizosphere can significantly alter interactions between contaminants and soil minerals. in this study, several strains of bacteria that exude aluminum (al)-chelating compounds were isolated from the rhizosphere of crested wheatgrass (agropyron desertorum) collected from the idaho national laboratory (inl). we examined the effects of exudates from bacteria in the genera bacillus, ralstonia, and enterobacter on cesium (cs) desorption from illite. exudates from thes ...	2005	16047787
site-directed saturation mutagenesis at residue f420 and recombination with another beneficial mutation of ralstonia eutropha polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase.	the f420s substitution enhances the specific activity of ralstonia eutropha pha synthase (phacre). we have now carried out site-directed saturation mutagenesis of f420 of phacre and, amongst the f420 mutants, the f420s mutant gave the highest poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) content. in vitro activity assay showed that the f420s enzyme had a significant decrease in its lag phase compared to that of the wild-type enzyme. enhancement of phb accumulation was achieved by combination of the f420s mutati ...	2005	16049738
the structure of the ni-fe site in the isolated hoxc subunit of the hydrogen-sensing hydrogenase from ralstonia eutropha.	the regulatory ni-fe hydrogenase (rh) from ralstonia eutropha which forms a [hoxbc]2 complex functions as a hydrogen sensor under aerobic conditions. we have studied a novel strep-tag isolate of the rh large subunit, hoxc(st), which lacks the fe-s clusters of hoxb, allowing for structure determination of the catalytic site by x-ray absorption spectroscopy both at the ni and, for the first time, also at the fe k-edge. this technique, together with fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, revealed ...	2005	16051223
internal mass transfer effect on biodegradation of phenol by ca-alginate immobilized ralstonia eutropha.	phenol biodegradation by free and ca-alginate immobilized ralstonia eutropha was performed in batch system. optimum initial ph and temperature were determined as 7 and 30 degrees c, respectively for free cells, while a wide ph and temperature range were obtained for immobilized cells. phenol had a strong inhibitory effect on the microbial growth and haldane model was used to describe the substrate inhibition. model parameters were determined as mumax=0.89 h(-1), ks=55.11 mg dm(-3) and ki=257.94 ...	2005	16051433
hydrogen sensing by enzyme-catalyzed electrochemical detection.	hydrogen (h2) is a possible future alternative to current fossil-based transportation fuels; however, its lower explosive limit in air requires a reliable sensor to detect leaks wherever h2 is produced, stored, or used. most current h2 sensors employ palladium or its alloy as the sensing element, featuring high operating temperature and limited selectivity. in this study, we report using soluble hydrogenase (sh) of aerobic beta-proteobacterium ralstonia eutropha strain h16 to accomplish ambient, ...	2005	16053311
a model system for [nife] hydrogenase maturation studies: purification of an active site-containing hydrogenase large subunit without small subunit.	the large subunit hoxc of the h2-sensing [nife] hydrogenase from ralstonia eutropha was purified without its small subunit. two forms of hoxc were identified. both forms contained iron but only substoichiometric amounts of nickel. one form was a homodimer of hoxc whereas the second also contained the ni-fe site maturation proteins hypc and hypb. despite the presence of the ni-fe active site in some of the proteins, both forms, which lack the fe-s clusters normally present in hydrogenases, cannot ...	2005	16061234
phenol degradation and toxicity assessment upon biostimulation to an indigenous rhizobium ralstonia taiwanensis.	this study provides a first attempt from a toxicological perspective to put forward, in general terms and explanations, combined toxic interactions and biostimulation strategy upon nutrient medium to ralstonia taiwanensis for bioremediation. dose-response analysis clearly revealed that most of the supplemented nutrients tested (except for gluconic acid) synergistically interact with chronic toxicity to phenol, especially at low doses. acute toxicity based upon adaptation lag is a more appropriat ...	2005	16080687
[use of 16s rrna gene sequencing for identification of "pseudomonas-like" isolates from sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis].	since nonfermenting, gram negative bacilli recovered from patients with cystic fibrosis could be misidentified with phenotypic procedures, we used partial 16s ribosomal rna gene (16s gene) sequencing to identify these "pseudomonas-like" isolates. 473 isolates were recovered from 66 patients in 2003. sequencing was used to identify 29 (from 24 patients) of the 473 isolates, showing unclear results with routine tests. pcr with specific primers was carried out to amplify a 995 bp fragment, which wa ...	2005	16081224
electrochemical definitions of o2 sensitivity and oxidative inactivation in hydrogenases.	a new strategy is described for comparing, quantitatively, the ability of hydrogenases to tolerate exposure to o2 and anoxic oxidizing conditions. using protein film voltammetry, the inherent sensitivities to these challenges (thermodynamic potentials and rates of reactions) have been measured for enzymes from a range of mesophilic microorganisms. in the absence of o2, all the hydrogenases undergo reversible inactivation at various potentials above that of the h+/h2 redox couple, and h2 oxidatio ...	2005	16366571
outbreak of ralstonia pickettii bacteremia in a neonatal intensive care unit.	ralstonia pickettii is a gram-negative bacillus commonly found in soil and moist environments; however, r. pickettii is rarely isolated from clinical specimens. in august 2001, a cluster of r. pickettii bacteremia occurred among neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) infants at a california hospital.	2005	16371873
bacteriological urinalysis in patients after renal transplantation.	the study consisted of microbiological urinalysis performed in 269 patients after renal transplantation who remained under medical care at the outpatient service of the transplantation institute in warsaw. the patients enrolled into the study had undergone renal transplantation 6 to 72 months before urine samples were collected. 304 urinalysis were performed. in the group of 269 patients, 42 individuals had bacteria in their urine what was confirmed in 47 urine cultures. cases of bacteriuria wer ...	2005	16599304
[nife]-hydrogenases of ralstonia eutropha h16: modular enzymes for oxygen-tolerant biological hydrogen oxidation.	recent research on hydrogenases has been notably motivated by a desire to utilize these remarkable hydrogen oxidation catalysts in biotechnological applications. progress in the development of such applications is substantially hindered by the oxygen sensitivity of the majority of hydrogenases. this problem tends to inspire the study of organisms such as ralstonia eutropha h16 that produce oxygen-tolerant [nife]-hydrogenases. r. eutropha h16 serves as an excellent model system in that it produce ...	2005	16645314
population dynamics within a microbial consortium during growth on diesel fuel in saline environments.	the diversity and dynamics of a bacterial community extracted from an exploited oil field with high natural soil salinity near comodoro rivadavia in patagonia (argentina) were investigated. community shifts during long-term incubation with diesel fuel at four salinities between 0 and 20% nacl were monitored by single-strand conformation polymorphism community fingerprinting of the pcr-amplified v4-v5 region of the 16s rrna genes. information obtained by this qualitative approach was extended by ...	2006	16672500
chemotaxis is required for virulence and competitive fitness of the bacterial wilt pathogen ralstonia solanacearum.	ralstonia solanacearum, a soilborne plant pathogen of considerable economic importance, invades host plant roots from the soil. qualitative and quantitative chemotaxis assays revealed that this bacterium is specifically attracted to diverse amino acids and organic acids, and especially to root exudates from the host plant tomato. exudates from rice, a nonhost plant, were less attractive. eight different strains from this heterogeneous species complex varied significantly in their attraction to a ...	2006	16672623
mutation on n-terminus of polyhydroxybutyrate synthase of ralstonia eutropha enhanced phb accumulation.	polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthase is the central enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of pha, a family of bacterial biodegradable polyesters. due to its high variability, the n-terminal fragment of this enzyme was previously considered as unnecessary for a functionally active enzyme. in this study, polyhydroxybutyrate synthase from ralstonia eutropha (phbc(re)) with a deletion on n-terminal 88 amino acid residues showed a significant reduced activity, as reflected by only 1.5% phb accumulation ...	2006	16673109
utilizing ultrafiltration to remove alkaline phosphatase from clinical analyzer water.	alkaline phosphatase (alp) conjugated to antibodies is often used in enzyme immunoassays (eias). these assays are notably sensitive to experimental conditions. a possible source of interference is bacterial alp, which is released when bacterial contamination occurs in clinical analyzers. preliminary experiments led to the selection of a detection kit, alp source, and specific types of tubes for collecting water samples and performing assays. the release of alp from various strains of bacteria id ...	2006	16681431
modeling and optimization of biopolymer (polyhydroxyalkanoates) production from ice cream residue by novel statistical experimental design.	polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) are thermoplastic polyesters synthesized by ralstonia eutropha and other bacteria as a form of intracellular carbon and energy storage and are accumulated as lipid inclusions in the cytoplasm of these bacteria. the modeling and optimization of pha production by fermentation from industrial waste (ice cream residue) was studied by employing statistical experimental design methods. a series of iterative experimental designs was used to find optimal factor conditions (m ...	2006	16702606
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) utilization by delftia acidovorans mc1 at alkaline ph and in the presence of dichlorprop is improved by introduction of the tfdk gene.	growth of delftia acidovorans mc1 on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) and on racemic 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid ((rs)-2,4-dp) was studied in the perspective of an extension of the strain's degradation capacity at alkaline ph. at ph 6.8 the strain grew on 2,4-d at a maximum rate (mu max) of 0.158 h(-1). the half-maximum rate-associated substrate concentration (ks) was 45 microm. at ph 8.5 mu max was only 0.05 h(-1) and the substrate affinity was mucher lower than at ph 6.8. the i ...	2006	16715405
transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the pmol30-encoded copper resistance in cupriavidus metallidurans strain ch34.	the four replicons of cupriavidus metallidurans ch34 (the genome sequence was provided by the us department of energy-university of california joint genome institute) contain two gene clusters putatively encoding periplasmic resistance to copper, with an arrangement of genes resembling that of the copsrabcd locus on the 2.1 mb megaplasmid (mpl) of ralstonia solanacearum, a closely related plant pathogen. one of the copsrabcd clusters was located on the 2.6 mb mpl, while the second was found on t ...	2006	16735739
subterfuge and manipulation: type iii effector proteins of phytopathogenic bacteria.	diverse gram-negative bacteria deliver effector proteins into the cells of their eukaryotic hosts using the type iii secretion system. collectively, these type iii effector proteins function to optimize the host cell environment for bacterial growth. type iii effector proteins are essential for the virulence of pseudomonas syringae, xanthomonas spp., ralstonia solanacearum and erwinia species. type iii secretion systems are also found in nonpathogenic pseudomonads and in species of symbiotic nit ...	2006	16753033
outbreak of ralstonia pickettii pseudobacteremia among patients with hematological malignancies.		2006	16755490
interactions of the fucose-specific pseudomonas aeruginosa lectin, pa-iil, with mammalian glycoconjugates bearing polyvalent lewis(a) and abh blood group glycotopes.	pseudomonas aeruginosa fuc > man specific lectin, pa-iil, is an important microbial agglutinin that might be involved in p. aeruginosa infections in humans. in order to delineate the structures of these lectin receptors, its detailed carbohydrate recognition profile was studied both by microtiter plate biotin/avidin-mediated enzyme-lectin-glycan binding assay (ellsa) and by inhibition of the lectin-glycan interaction. among 40 glycans tested for binding, pa-iil reacted well with all human blood ...	2006	16762477
heterologous expression and localization of gentisate transporter ncg12922 from corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13032.	ralstonia sp. strain u2 metabolizes naphthalene via gentisate (2,5-dihydroxybenzoate) to central metabolites, but it was found unable to utilize gentisate as growth substrate. a putative gentisate transporter encoded by ncg12922 from corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13032 was functionally expressed in ralstonia sp. strain u2, converting strain u2 to a gentisate utilizer. after ncg12922 was inserted into plasmid pgfpe with green fluorescence protein gene gfp, the expressed fusion protein ncg12922- ...	2006	16765316
isolation of bacterial antagonists of aspergillus flavus from almonds.	bacteria were isolated from california almond orchard samples to evaluate their potential antifungal activity against aflatoxin-producing aspergillus flavus. fungal populations from the same samples were examined to determine the incidence of aflatoxigenic aspergillus species. antagonistic activities of the isolated bacterial strains were screened against a nonaflatoxigenic nor mutant of a. flavus, which accumulates the pigmented aflatoxin precursor norsolorinic acid (nor) under conditions condu ...	2006	16767519
unusual entropy-driven affinity of chromobacterium violaceum lectin cv-iil toward fucose and mannose.	the purple pigmented bacterium chromobacterium violaceum is a dominant component of tropical soil microbiota that can cause rare but fatal septicaemia in humans. its sequenced genome provides insight into the abundant potential of this organism for biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications and allowed an orf encoding a protein that is 60% identical to the fucose binding lectin (pa-iil) from pseudomonas aeruginosa and the mannose binding lectin (rs-iil) from ralstonia solanacearum to be id ...	2006	16768446
induction of lateral root structure formation on petunia roots: a novel effect of gmi1000 ralstonia solanacearum infection impaired in hrp mutants.	ralstonia solanacearum is a soilborne plant pathogen that invades its host via roots. as in many gram-negative bacterial plant pathogens, the r. solanacearum hrp type iii secretion system is essential for interactions of the bacterium with plants; however, the related mechanisms involved in disease expression are largely unknown. in this work, we examined the effects of infection by r. solanacearum gmi1000 and hrp mutants on the root system of petunia plants. both the wild-type and mutant strain ...	2006	16776293
popf1 and popf2, two proteins secreted by the type iii protein secretion system of ralstonia solanacearum, are translocators belonging to the hrpf/nopx family.	ralstonia solanacearum gmi1000 is a gram-negative plant pathogen which contains an hrp gene cluster which codes for a type iii protein secretion system (ttss). we identified two novel hrp-secreted proteins, called popf1 and popf2, which display similarity to one another and to putative ttss translocators, hrpf and nopx, from xanthomonas spp. and rhizobia, respectively. they also show similarities with ttss translocators of the yopb family from animal-pathogenic bacteria. both popf1 and popf2 bel ...	2006	16788199
identification of a response regulator gene for catabolite control from a pcb-degrading beta-proteobacteria, acidovorax sp. kks102.	acidovorax sp. (formally pseudomonas sp.) strain kks102 carries a bph operon for the degradation of pcb/biphenyl. transcription from the pe promoter for the bph operon was found to be under catabolite control, i.e. the promoter activity was at a lower level when succinate, fumarate or acetate was added to the culture. some mutations in the immediate upstream region of the pe promoter resulted in catabolite-insensitive and constitutively low promoter activity, suggesting that a transcriptional ac ...	2006	16796688
cloning and expression of the gene for periplasmic poly(vinyl alcohol) dehydrogenase from sphingomonas sp. strain 113p3, a novel-type quinohaemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase.	a gene for periplasmic poly(vinyl alcohol) (pva) dehydrogenase (pvadh) was cloned, based on the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified pvadh from sphingomonas sp. 113p3 and the sequence of the gene for pvadh (pvaa, genbank accession no. ab190288). the recombinant pvadh tagged with hexahistidine was expressed in escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. the recombinant enzyme had the same characteristics as the purified enzyme from sphingomonas sp. strain 113p. in addition to pva, the ...	2006	16804170
proteomic examination of ralstonia eutropha in cellular responses to formic acid.	in this study, ralstonia eutropha was used to elucidate protein changes in response to formic acid. sixty-three differentially expressed proteins in relation to formic acid in r. eutropha were found with 1-d page and nano-lc-ms/ms. among the proteins with decreased expression, four were involved in the shikimate pathway and three proteins in the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. with the increased expression of proteins, a dramatic change occurred in the induction of ion transporters in relation ...	2006	16807942
identification of qtls for ralstonia solanacearum race 3-phylotype ii resistance in tomato.	resistance against a ralstonia solanacearum race 3-phylotype ii strain jt516 was assessed in a f(2:3) and a population of inbred lines (ril), both derived from a cross between l. esculentum cv. hawaii 7996 (partially resistant) and l. pimpinellifolium wva700 (susceptible). resistance criteria used were the percentage of wilted plants to calculate the audpc value, and bacterial colonization scores in roots and stem (hypocotyl and epicotyl) assessed in two independent greenhouse experiments conduc ...	2006	16614830
molecular analysis of microbial communities identified in different developmental stages of ixodes scapularis ticks from westchester and dutchess counties, new york.	ixodes scapularis ticks play an important role in the transmission of a wide variety of pathogens between various mammalian species, including humans. pathogens transmitted by ticks include borrelia, anaplasma and babesia. although ticks may harbour both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microflora, little is known about how the diversity of the microflora within ticks may influence the transmission of pathogens. to begin addressing this question, we examined the composition of bacterial communities ...	2006	16623735
cupriavidus pinatubonensis sp. nov. and cupriavidus laharis sp. nov., novel hydrogen-oxidizing, facultatively chemolithotrophic bacteria isolated from volcanic mudflow deposits from mt. pinatubo in the philippines.	taxonomic studies were performed on ten hydrogen-oxidizing, facultatively chemolithotrophic bacteria that were isolated from volcanic mudflow deposits derived from the eruption of mt. pinatubo in the philippines in 1991. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that these isolates belonged to the genus cupriavidus of the betaproteobacteria; sequence similarity values with their nearest phylogenetic neighbour, cupriavidus basilensis, were 97.1-98.3 %. in addition to phylog ...	2006	16627640
survival of gfp-tagged antagonistic bacteria in the rhizosphere of tomato plants and their effects on the indigenous bacterial community.	the survival and colonization patterns of pseudomonas putida prd16 and enterobacter cowanii prf116 in the rhizosphere of greenhouse-grown tomato plants and the effects of their inoculation on the indigenous bacterial community were followed by selective plating, molecular fingerprinting, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) over 3 weeks. both strains, which showed in vitro antagonistic activity against ralstonia solanacearum, were previously tagged with gfp. seed and root inoculation we ...	2006	16629751
biodegradation of vinyl chloride and cis-dichloroethene by a ralstonia sp. strain trw-1.	an aerobic bacterium, ralstonia sp. strain trw-1, that assimilates vinyl chloride (vc) or ethene (eth) as the sole carbon source was isolated from a chloroethene-degrading enrichment culture. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rdna sequence of the isolate revealed almost 99% sequence similarity to ralstonia pickettii. to our knowledge, this is the first report describing the isolation of a member of ralstonia that can degrade vc as the growth substrate. the measured growth yield values for vc and eth ...	2006	16642331
the effects of cyanobacterial exudates on bacterial growth and biodegradation of organic contaminants.	the pulp and paper industry largely depends on the biodegradation activities of heterotrophic bacteria to remove organic contaminants in wastewater prior to discharge. our recent discovery of extensive cyanobacterial communities in pulp and paper waste treatment systems led us to investigate the potential impacts of cyanobacterial exudates on growth and biodegradation efficiency of three bacterial heterotrophs. each of the three assessed bacteria represented different taxa commonly found in pulp ...	2006	16382284
growth in stewart's medium is a simple, rapid and inexpensive screening tool for the identification of burkholderia cepacia complex.	ninety-one percent of burkholderia cepacia complex reference strains (66 out of 72) displayed a yellow slope-green butt colour reaction after growth in stewart's medium indicating the oxidation of glucose and the absence of an arginine dihydrolase system. this same colour reaction was observed for burkholderia gladioli and several ralstonia species, but not for pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas, achromobacter, pandoraea and several other gram-negative non-fermenting bacilli. we therefore ...	2006	16386966
engineering the monomer composition of polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesized in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) have received considerable interest as renewable-resource-based, biodegradable, and biocompatible plastics with a wide range of potential applications. we have engineered the synthesis of pha polymers composed of monomers ranging from 4 to 14 carbon atoms in either the cytosol or the peroxisome of saccharomyces cerevisiae by harnessing intermediates of fatty acid metabolism. cytosolic pha production was supported by establishing in the cytosol critical beta-oxidation ...	2006	16391089