Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [recovery of an infectious virus from the full-length cdna of prrsv bj-4]. | six recombinant plasmids covering cdna of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus bj-4 were sequenced, respectively, and 23 point mutations were reverted with site-directed mutagenesis kit. the full-length cdna clone pwsk-dcba was assembled and re-sequenced. the capped viral genomic rna was transcribed in vitro, mixed with liposome and transfected into marc-145 cells, and an infectious virus (designated rv68) was rescued. the rescued virus was able to induce cpe typical of prrsv on m ... | 2007 | 17672299 |
| virology. china, vietnam grapple with 'rapidly evolving' pig virus. | 2007 | 17717158 | |
| evaluation of surveillance protocols for detecting porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in boar studs by simulation modeling. | because porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) can be transmitted through semen, prrsv-free boar studs need to be routinely monitored to rapidly detect any potential prrsv introduction. however, current protocols for monitoring prrsv in boar studs are diverse, sometimes very costly, and their effectiveness has not been quantified. the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of different monitoring protocols to detect prrsv introduction into a negative boar stud b ... | 2007 | 17823392 |
| evaluation of the sensitivity of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction to detect porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on individual and pooled samples from boars. | boar studs are continuously monitored for the presence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) by testing different biological samples by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). in most cases, samples are run in pools, even though the impact of pooling on the sensitivity of rt-pcr is unknown. the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using pcr on pooled samples through the estimation of the sensitivity of rt-pcr on different biologica ... | 2007 | 17823393 |
| the emergence of porcine circovirus 2b genotype (pcv-2b) in swine in canada. | since late 2004, the swine industry in the province of quebec has experienced a significant increase in death rate related to postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). to explain this phenomenon, 2 hypotheses were formulated: 1) the presence of a 2nd pathogen could be exacerbating the porcine circovirus 2 (pcv-2) infection, or 2) a new and more virulent pcv-2 strain could be infecting swine. in 2005, 13 pmws cases were submitted to the quebec provincial diagnostic laboratory and pcv-2 w ... | 2007 | 17824323 |
| emergence of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the mid-eastern region of china. | herds of pigs in the mid-eastern region of china have experienced recent outbreaks of a severe form of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) characterised by high fever and morbidity and mortality in animals of different ages. eighty-one herds were diagnosed with prrs virus (prrsv) infection from june to december 2006 on the basis of clinical signs, pathological findings and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). twenty strains of prrsv were isolated from 20 her ... | 2007 | 17869553 |
| [studies on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus morphogenesis in marc-145 cell and the ultrastructural changes of the infected cells]. | electron microscopy was employed for ultrastructural observation of marc-145 cells infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) sc1 strain and studied the virus morphogenesis in infected cells. the results demonstrated that prrsv was spherical and enveloped. the virion is 45-65 nm in diameter and its nucleocapsid was approximately 25-30 nm. prrsv entered marc-145 cells by endocytosis, and replicated in the cytoplasm. the mature viruses were released from infected cel ... | 2007 | 17886720 |
| [the genome of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and the molecular basis of pathogenesis]. | 2007 | 17886728 | |
| ifn-alpha treatment enhances porcine arterivirus infection of monocytes via upregulation of the porcine arterivirus receptor sialoadhesin. | the arterivirus porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) has a specific tropism for a subset of differentiated macrophages. porcine sialoadhesin was identified as a prrsv internalization receptor that is, similarly to sialoadhesins from other species, only expressed on subsets of macrophages. sialoadhesin is not expressed or only expressed at low levels on monocytes, which might explain why monocytes are largely refractory to prrsv infection. different molecules have been iden ... | 2007 | 17892397 |
| the stealthy nature of prrsv infection: the dangers posed by that ever-changing mystery swine disease. | 2007 | 17897848 | |
| risk factors for salmonella seroconversion of fattening pigs in farrow-to-finish herds. | we did a prospective observational 9-month long study to quantify risk factors of managerial and hygiene practices, and pig-health status for salmonella seroconversion of fattening pigs reared in subclinically infected french farrow-to-finish farms. during the fattening phase, 2,649 pigs belonging to the same batch of contemporary pigs, from 89 conventional farrow-to-finish farms were individually followed and regularly blood sampled on a monthly basis. farm recruitment was based on the farmer's ... | 2007 | 17903417 |
| co-expressing gp5 and m proteins under different promoters in recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara (rmva)-based vaccine vector enhanced the humoral and cellular immune responses of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). | the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) has three major structural proteins which designated as gp5, m, and n. protein gp5 and m have been considered very important to arouse the humoral and cellular immune responses against prrsv infection and proposed to be the excellent candidate proteins in the design of prrs bioengineering vaccine. there were some attempts on expressing gp5 or m in dna vaccine and adenovirus to arouse humoral and cellular immune responses, but few pa ... | 2007 | 17922181 |
| [transmission of agents of the porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) between swine herds: a review. part 1--diagnosis, transmission by animal contact]. | knowledge on the different ways of transmitting prdc pathogens (prrsv, influenza virus a, pcv 2, m. hyopneumoniae, a. pleuropneumoniae) between swine herds is of special interest for the development of biosecurity measures or the retrospective risk analysis in the framework of activities of the consulting veterinarian. in this literature review the current knowledge of the transmission of prdc-pathogens is summarized. since the assessment of investigations into pathogen detection in detail is in ... | 2007 | 17927073 |
| use of an experimental model to test the efficacy of planned exposure to live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | the objectives of this study were to test the efficacy and safety of planned exposure to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) in protecting naïve and previously exposed pigs against prrsv challenge and to gain information on the dose of prrsv necessary to induce a protective immune response. fifty 2-week-old pigs were randomly assigned to one of five groups: a group exposed to a low dose of autogenous prrsv vaccine (the l-vac group), a group exposed to a high dose of autog ... | 2007 | 17928430 |
| genetic perspectives on host responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs). | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) is the most economically important disease in pig populations, worldwide. current research, both in vitro and in vivo, has failed to provide industry with a reliable or effective method to combat the disease. in this paper the present knowledge of the genetics of the host response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is reviewed. special reference is made to clinical signs of disease, in vitro and in vivo studies, and ... | 2007 | 17931105 |
| infection dynamics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a continuous-flow population of pigs also infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | twenty-eight 10-week-old pigs were inoculated intratracheally with 1 x 10(5) colour-changing units/ml mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 232, and another 32 pigs were not inoculated but were divided into 12 direct-contact pigs and 20 indirect-contact pigs. thirty-five days later, the inoculated pigs were inoculated intranasally with 1 x 10(2.4) tcid50 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) strain mn 30-100. viraemia, seroconversion and the transmission of prrsv in the m hyop ... | 2007 | 17938409 |
| performance of fattening pigs in a farm infected with both porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus and porcine circovirus type 2 following sow and piglet vaccination with an attenuated prrs vaccine. | the purpose of the study was to investigate whether, on farms with both post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs), the prrs vaccination of sows and their fattening pigs protects against these syndromes. in a farrow-to-finish pig farm with a history of prrs and pmws, 200 gilts and sows were allocated to one of two groups of equal size. the first group (c-sow group) was used as untreated controls, while the animals of the second gro ... | 2007 | 17650147 |
| studies on the aetiology of non-suppurative encephalitis in pigs. | thirty-eight natural cases of aetiologically unclear non-suppurative encephalitis in pigs were studied retrospectively. brain samples were examined for the presence of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2), porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine enteroviruses (pevs), ovine herpesvirus type 2 (ovhv-2), borna disease virus (bdv) and suid herpesvirus type 1 (suhv-1) by molecular biological and immunohistochemical methods. histological examination of the brains revealed var ... | 2007 | 17951563 |
| [transmission of agents of the porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) between swine herds: a review. part 2--pathogen transmission via semen, air and living/nonliving vectors]. | the transmission of prdc-pathogens (prrsv, influenza virus a, pcv2, m. hyopneumoniae, a. pleuropneumoniae) between swine herds, which was summarized in the first part of the review, mainly occurs via pig movement. the risk of pathogen transmission by insemination with contaminated semen plays only a relevant role in the infection with prrsv and pcv2. a risk of the aerogen transmission of pathogens between herds within a distance of 2 to 3 km is described for m. hyopneumoniae and prrsv. evidence ... | 2007 | 17970334 |
| construction and immunogenicity of pseudotype baculovirus expressing gp5 and m protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | baculovirus, which is extensively utilized as an excellent tool for production of recombinant protein in insect cells, has recently emerged as a novel and attractive gene delivery vehicle for mammalian cells. in the present study, a pseudotype baculovirus (with the glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv-g) on the envelope) was used as vector to construct recombinant baculovirus coexpressing gp5 and m protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), under the trans ... | 2007 | 17980465 |
| intranasal administration of cpg oligonucleotides induces mucosal and systemic type 1 immune responses and adjuvant activity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome killed virus vaccine in piglets in vivo. | oligonucleotides containing cpg motifs (cpg odn) are strong adjuvants for immune responses, particularly in mice. recently, it has been showed that cpg odn is a promising mucosal adjuvant in mice, but data on mucosal immune responses induced by cpg odn in piglets are scarce. we have previously demonstrated that cpg odn is a potent adjuvant to pseudorabies attenuated virus (prv) vaccine when administered subcutaneously (sc) in newborn piglets. herein, we evaluated intranasal (in) delivery of cpg ... | 2007 | 17996683 |
| protection against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) infection through passive transfer of prrsv-neutralizing antibodies is dose dependent. | previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that passive transfer of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv)-neutralizing antibodies (na) protected pregnant sows against reproductive failure and conferred sterilizing immunity in sows and offspring. we report here on the dose requirement for protection by passive transfer with na in young weaned pigs. the presence of a 1:8 titer of prrsv-na in serum consistently protected pigs against viremia. nevertheless, their lungs, tonsi ... | 2007 | 17215336 |
| epidemiologic assessment of porcine circovirus type 2 coinfection with other pathogens in swine. | to identify important pathogens and characterize their serologic and pathologic effects in porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2)-infected pigs in relation to pig age and type of swine production system. | 2007 | 17223759 |
| vaccination with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome killed virus vaccine and immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides induces specific immunity in piglets. | a large number of studies demonstrated the immunostimulatory effects of cpg oligonucleotides (odn), particularly in mice. in present study, the objective was to investigate the immunoadjuvant effects of cpg odn to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) killed virus vaccine (prrsv) and its protective effects against prrs virus in piglets. the prrsv-specific antibodies titres and serum igg1/igg2 titres, the proliferation of lymphocytes, prrsv-specific ifn-gamma, the expression of maj ... | 2007 | 17229497 |
| protection and immune response in pigs intradermally vaccinated against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) and subsequently exposed to a heterologous european (italian cluster) field strain. | the purpose of this study was to assess the immune response in pigs intradermally vaccinated with a commercially available attenuated porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (prrsv) vaccine (porcilis prrs) and subsequently exposed to a heterologous (italian cluster) field strain of virulent prrsv. a total of 18, 4-week-old pigs seronegative for prrsv were allocated to 1 of 3 groups (groups a, b, and c). at 5 weeks of age, pigs of groups a (n=6 pigs) and b (n=6 pigs) were vaccinated intramuscu ... | 2007 | 17276558 |
| the involvement of fas/fasl interaction in porcine circovirus type 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus co-inoculation-associated lymphocyte apoptosis in vitro. | lymphoid depletion of various lymphoid organs is one of the major lesions in pigs suffering from postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). the co-existence of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) in pmws-affected pigs along with the more severe and wider range of lymphocyte depletion of lymphoid organs in pcv2 and prrsv dually-inoculated pigs imply that pcv2 and prrsv may interact in the pathogenesis of pmws. the mechanism for ... | 2007 | 17321702 |
| diversity and evolution of a newly emerged north american type 1 porcine arterivirus: analysis of isolates collected between 1999 and 2004. | european-like type 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) isolates, known as north american (na) type 1 prrsv, appeared in united states (u.s.) swine herds in 1999. their diversity and evolution were studied over a five-year period by constructing phylogenetic trees using nsp2 and orf5 sequences of 20 na type 1 isolates, including the only known isolate from hawaii. all but two of the isolates possessed the same 51-nt deletion in nsp2, suggesting a clonal origin. parsimony ... | 2007 | 17323198 |
| recombinant swine beta interferon protects swine alveolar macrophages and marc-145 cells from infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | swine beta interferon (swifn-beta) produced in hek 293 cells infected with a recombinant, replication-defective human adenovirus 5 (ad5) encoding the swifn-beta gene was tested for antiviral activity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). marc-145 cells were incubated overnight with dilutions of supernatant fluids from hek 293 cells infected with ad5-swifn-beta or with an ad5 control virus (ad5-blue). treated cells were infected with prrsv; marc-145 cells incubated ... | 2007 | 17325366 |
| direct inoculation of rna transcripts from an infectious cdna clone of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) into the lymph nodes and tonsils of pigs initiates prrsv infection in vivo. | the recent construction of prrsv infectious cdna clones affords the opportunity for structural and functional studies of prrsv genes. however, the inherent instability of the prrsv genome, the requirement of cell culture propagation, and poor virus recovery have limited the usefulness of the prrsv reverse genetics system for in vivo studies. here, we report a unique strategy of infecting pigs by bypassing the traditional in vitro cell culture step required for in vivo studies. we demonstrate tha ... | 2007 | 17361326 |
| [influence of epitope a modification and n-linked glycosylated site mutation of prrsv nj-a strain orf5 gene on the ability to induce neutralizing antibodies and t cell proliferation response]. | to enhance the dna immunogencity of prrsv orf5 gene, cpg sequence and the universal helper t cell antigen epitope (padre) sequence were inserted between the decoy epitope and the neutralizing epitope. at the same time, site-mutations were introduced at n33 and n51 to diminish the coverage effect to epitope b from the polysaccharides. subsequently, the modified orf5 gene (morf5) and prrsv orf6 gene were cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcdna3.0 under the control of two cmv promoters, ... | 2007 | 17366885 |
| cross-reactive antibody responses to nsp1 and nsp2 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) non-structural proteins (nsps) play a key role in processing and maturation of the repertoire of structural and nsps of the virion, but little is known about the anti-nsp immune response. here, it was hypothesized that pronounced antibody responses are generated to prrsv nsp1 and nsp2, as they are present in infected cells and cytolytic infection releases viral proteins into interstitial spaces. accordingly, nsp1 and nsp2 were cloned an ... | 2007 | 17374762 |
| assessment of the efficacy of commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) vaccines based on measurement of serologic response, frequency of gamma-ifn-producing cells and virological parameters of protection upon challenge. | the efficacy of two different types of commercial vaccines against prrsv (euro-type) was evaluated based on clinical parameters upon challenge as well as post-challenge virological profiles (viremia and viral load in tissues upon necropsy, measured in both cases by quantitative real time pcr). in an attempt to establish correlates of protective immunity, two commonly proposed parameters predictive of immunity were measured: (1) serologic responses (elisa and neutralizing antibodies), (2) frequen ... | 2007 | 17376612 |
| genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein 5 of prrsv isolates in mainland china from 1996 to 2006: coexistence of two na-subgenotypes with great diversity. | gp5, the most important neutralizing antigen of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), has the highest genetic diversity among isolates. to more fully understand the extent of genetic diversity of prrsv in china, we analyzed and compared the gp5 sequences of 42 prrsv isolated from 1996 to 2006 in mainland china. we found that all of the chinese isolates examined belong to the north american (na) type. among them two highly diverse subgroups were clearly demarcated on the na ... | 2007 | 17383833 |
| advances in swine biomedical model genomics. | this review is a short update on the diversity of swine biomedical models and the importance of genomics in their continued development. the swine has been used as a major mammalian model for human studies because of the similarity in size and physiology, and in organ development and disease progression. the pig model allows for deliberately timed studies, imaging of internal vessels and organs using standard human technologies, and collection of repeated peripheral samples and, at kill, detaile ... | 2007 | 17384736 |
| monoclonal antibody and porcine antisera recognized b-cell epitopes of nsp2 protein of a chinese strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is one of the most economically important pathogens for swine industry. the non-structural protein 2 (nsp2) is considered to be one of the immunogenic proteins of prrsv. in this study, the b-cell epitopes of the nsp2 protein of a north american type chinese strain prrsv bj-4 were identified on a prokaryotic expressed nsp2 fragment (73-567aa). a total of six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) recognizing different epitopes on the expressed pro ... | 2007 | 17416435 |
| immune responses of pigs inoculated with a recombinant fowlpox virus coexpressing gp5/gp3 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and swine il-18. | two recombinant fowlpox viruses (rfpv-orf5-orf3 and rfpv-il-18-orf5-orf3) containing the orf5/orf3 cdnas of prrsv (strain chang chun) and il-18 of swine were constructed and evaluated for theirs abilities to induce humoral and cellular responses in piglets. in addition, their abilities to protect piglets against homologous virus challenge were examined. all piglets were given booster vaccinations at 21 days after the initial inoculation, and all piglets were challenged at 60 after the initial in ... | 2007 | 17418456 |
| innate immune responses to replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in isolated swine alveolar macrophages. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) is an infectious disease caused by a positive rna strand arterivirus. prrs virus (prrsv) interacts primarily with lung macrophages. identifying the genetic components involved in host resistance/susceptibility would represent an important step forward in the design of disease control programs. in this study, alveolar macrophages derived from five commercial pig lines were used to study the innate immune response to prrsv infection in vitro. an ... | 2007 | 17425425 |
| impact of a modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine intervention on a population of pigs infected with a heterologous isolate. | the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of a therapeutic vaccine intervention with a modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) vaccine on the dynamics of a heterologous viral infection in a population of pigs, and to determine the clinical and virological response of previously exposed and vaccinated pigs against a second virulent heterologous challenge. a population of 320 pigs were infected with a field isolate, prrsv mn-30100, alone or followe ... | 2007 | 17451850 |
| structure of the equine arteritis virus nucleocapsid protein reveals a dimer-dimer arrangement. | equine arteritis virus (eav) is an enveloped positive-sense rna virus belonging to the arteriviridae family, which also includes the porcine pathogen prrsv and is genetically and structurally related to the coronaviruses. eav is an important equine pathogen that has caused significant economic losses to the horse-breeding industry and has been difficult to control. the eav virion consists of a genome-containing nucleocapsid core made of nucleocapsid (n) protein surrounded by a lipid envelope con ... | 2007 | 17452783 |
| effect of genotypic and biotypic differences among prrs viruses on the serologic assessment of pigs for virus infection. | genetic, antigenic, and pathogenic variability is known to exist among porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) viruses and has garnered great attention for diagnostics and disease control/prevention. a comparative serologic study was conducted on five field and two cell-attenuated viruses to determine if serologic responses to prrs virus infection could be influenced by biotypic and/or genotypic differences of the viruses. the isolates used for the study varied in their virulence to ... | 2007 | 17467931 |
| differential immunity in pigs with high and low responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. | one hundred hampshire x duroc cross-bred pigs (hd) and 100 ne index line (i) pigs were infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus and evaluated for resistance/susceptibility. controls (100/line) were uninfected littermates to the infected pigs. viremia, change in weight (wtdelta), and rectal temperature at 0, 4, 7, and 14 d postinfection were recorded. lung, bronchial lymph node (bln), and blood tissue were collected at necropsy (14 d postinfection). the first princ ... | 2007 | 17468430 |
| effect of vaccination with a modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine on dynamics of homologous viral infection in pigs. | to determine effects of vaccination protocols with modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) vaccine on persistence and transmission of virus in pigs infected with a homologous isolate and determine clinical and virologic responses following heterologous viral challenge. | 2007 | 17472459 |
| antibody repertoire development in fetal and neonatal piglets: xix. undiversified b cells with hydrophobic hcdr3s preferentially proliferate in the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. | porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv) causes an extraordinary increase in the proportion of b cells resulting in lymphoid hyperplasia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and autoimmunity in neonatal piglets. spectratypic analysis of b cells from neonatal isolator piglets show a non-gaussian pattern with preferential expansion of clones bearing certain h chain third complementary region (hcdr3) lengths. however, only in prrsv-infected isolator piglets was nearly the identical spectraty ... | 2007 | 17475861 |
| experimental quantification of the transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | we conducted an experiment to determine the ability of vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) to reduce the transmission of prrsv among pigs. at the end of the experiment, transmission rates did not differ significantly (p = 0.61) between the vaccinated and nonvaccinated pigs, the mean r-values being 0.598 (95% confidence interval [ci] 0.136 to 3.218) and 0.264 (95% ci 0.008 to 2.266), respectively. the unusually low rate of prrsv transmission in both groups ... | 2007 | 17479780 |
| porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induces apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway. | as with a number of other viruses, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) has been shown to induce apoptosis, although the mechanism(s) involved remain unknown. in this study we have characterized the apoptotic pathways activated by prrsv infection. prrsv-infected cells showed evidence of apoptosis including phosphatidylserine exposure, chromatin condensation, dna fragmentation, caspase activation (including caspase-8, 9, 3), and parp cleavage. dna fragmentation was dependen ... | 2007 | 17488647 |
| cd163 expression confers susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses. | direct functional screening of a cdna expression library derived from primary porcine alveolar macrophages (pam) revealed that cd163 is capable of conferring a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv)-permissive phenotype when introduced into nonpermissive cells. transient-transfection experiments showed that full-length cd163 cdnas from pam, human u937 cells (histiocytic lymphoma), african green monkey kidney cells (marc-145 and vero), primary mouse peritoneal macrophages, an ... | 2007 | 17494075 |
| [enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, by using recombinant nucleocapsid protein n]. | recombinant nucleocapsid (rn) protein n of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) was prepared, by using the e. coli expressiom system. insertion of a polyhistidine marker into the structure of the protein allowed the latter to be purified by metal-chelate affinity chromatography. the purity of protein was confirmed by paag electrophoresis and its immunospecificity was verified by immunoblotting using rn-specific monoclonal antibodies. the protein was used as an antigen to d ... | 2007 | 17500240 |
| identification of nonessential regions of the nsp2 replicase protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strain vr-2332 for replication in cell culture. | the nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is a multidomain protein and has been shown to undergo remarkable genetic variation, primarily in its middle region, while exhibiting high conservation in the n-terminal putative protease domain and the c-terminal predicted transmembrane region. a reverse genetics system of prrsv north american prototype vr-2332 was developed to explore the importance of different regions of nsp2 for viral replicati ... | 2007 | 17522233 |
| porcine circovirus 2 replication in colostrum-deprived piglets following experimental infection and immune stimulation using a modified live vaccine against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection is now recognized as the major factor in the development of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). although koch's postulates have been fulfilled for pcv2 and pmws, the severe clinical expression of the disease observed in field cases has been difficult to reproduce experimentally. some studies have demonstrated that immune stimulation associated with the use of some commercially available swine vaccines may trigger progression of pcv2 infe ... | 2007 | 17542965 |
| [construction and the immunogenicity of the recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankala co-expressing orf4, orf5 and orf6 genes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nj-a strain]. | to develop investigate the recombinant mva(rmva) vaccines against prrsv infection, the orf4, orf5 and orf6 of prrsv nj-a strain were subcloned into the mva transfer vector p ii lr and the resultant recombinant vector was called p ii lr-orf4/orf5/orf6. the rmva was generated by transfecting mva-infected bhk-21 cells with the recombinant vector and screened by plaque purification after x-gal staining. after six rounds of purification, insertion of prrsv gp4, gp5 and m genes into the mva genome was ... | 2007 | 17552247 |
| expression and stability of foreign tags inserted into nsp2 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). | the nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is the single largest protein produced during infection. the cdna of the pcmv-129 infectious prrsv clone was modified for accepting foreign tags by first creating unique mlu i and sgra i restrictions sites at nucleotide (nt) positions 3219 and 3614, respectively, within the c-terminal region of nsp2. cdnas encoding oligo- and polypeptide tags, including flag, enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp ... | 2007 | 17553585 |
| simultaneous detection of three porcine viruses by multiplex pcr. | specific oligonucleotide primers were selected and combined in a multiplex arrangement, in order to detect simultaneously three economically important porcine viruses by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the pathogen panel was comprised of viruses that cause reproductive failure in infected herds: aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine parvovirus (ppv) and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv). in order to reduce the time required for the detection of the pathogens, the ass ... | 2007 | 17555292 |
| antiviral activity of carbohydrate-binding agents against nidovirales in cell culture. | coronaviruses are important human and animal pathogens, the relevance of which increased due to the emergence of new human coronaviruses like sars-cov, hku1 and nl63. together with toroviruses, arteriviruses, and roniviruses the coronaviruses belong to the order nidovirales. so far antivirals are hardly available to combat infections with viruses of this order. therefore, various antiviral strategies to counter nidoviral infections are under evaluation. lectins, which bind to n-linked oligosacch ... | 2007 | 17560666 |
| differential type i interferon activation and susceptibility of dendritic cell populations to porcine arterivirus. | dendritic cells (dcs) play a role in anti-viral immunity by providing early innate protection against viral replication and by presenting antigen to t cells for initiation of the adaptive immune response. studies show the adaptive response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is ineffective for complete viral elimination. other studies describe the kinetics of the adaptive response to prrsv, but have not investigated the early response by dcs. we hypothesize that there ... | 2007 | 17116172 |
| detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine circovirus type 2, swine influenza virus and aujeszky's disease virus in cases of porcine proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia (pnp) in spain. | proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia (pnp) is a severe form of interstitial pneumonia characterised by hypertrophy and proliferation of pneumocytes type 2 and presence of necrotic cells within alveoli lumen. many viral agents have been linked to pnp aetiology, with especial emphasis on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). to gain knowledge on pnp causality, a retrospective study on 74 pnp cases from postweaning pigs from spain was carried out. coupled with histopatholo ... | 2007 | 17070659 |
| heat and social rank impact behavior and physiology of prrs-virus-infected pigs. | changes in thermal environment can invoke a stress response in pigs, which in turn can potentially impact their immune system and disease susceptibility. we investigated effects of heat stress and social rank on behavior, immune responsiveness, and performance of pigs challenged with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus. sixty-four 7-week-old prrs-naïve pigs were assigned to each of four experimental treatments consisting of a 2 x 2 factorial design: prrs (prrs- or prrs+) a ... | 2007 | 17027050 |
| porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus productively infects monocyte-derived dendritic cells and compromises their antigen-presenting ability. | dendritic cells (dc) are potent antigen-presenting cells that play an important role in inducing primary antigen-specific immune responses. however, some viruses have evolved to specifically target dc to circumvent the host's immune responses for their persistence in the host. porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) causes a persistent infection in susceptible animals. although it is generally believed that the existence of prrsv quasispecies is partly responsible for the vir ... | 2007 | 17031757 |
| effect of orally administered lactobacillus casei on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus vaccination in pigs. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether intranasal/oral administration of probiotics can assist vaccination efficacy against an important swine pathogen, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus (prrsv). a controlled challenge trial was performed employing: (a) pigs vaccinated against prrs and treated with a lactobacillus casei, (b) pigs vaccinated against prrs only, (c) pigs treated with l. casei only, and (d) pigs neither vaccinated against prrs nor treated with l. ... | 2007 | 17049424 |
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing the two major membrane-associated proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) infection still remains today as the most significant health threat to swine and poses a challenge to current vaccination strategies. to develop a new generation of vaccine against prrsv, a live attenuated pseudorabies virus (prv) was used as vaccine vector to express the two major membrane-associated proteins (gp5 or m) of prrsv in various forms. four prv recombinants, rprv-gp5 (expressing native gp5), rprv-gp5m (expressing gp5m, a mod ... | 2007 | 16920232 |
| interference of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication on marc-145 cells using dna-based short interfering rnas. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) is an economically important disease in swine-producing areas of the world. many vaccine strategies developed to control the disease are not yet completely successful. the objective of this study was to determine if rna interference (rnai) could be utilized to inhibit prrsv replication on marc-145 cells. four short interfering rna (sirna) sequences (n95, n179, n218 and n294) directed against a well-conserved region of prrsv genome orf7 gene we ... | 2007 | 16730075 |
| highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, china. | 2007 | 18252136 | |
| analysis of the risk of introduction and spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus through importation of raw pigmeat into new zealand. | to determine the frequency with which porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus (prrsv) would become established in a non-commercial pig herd in new zealand due to illegal feeding of uncooked food waste containing virus-contaminated pigmeat. to determine the likelihood of a single incursion resulting in a multi-farm outbreak of the disease, and describe the spatio-temporal characteristics of such an outbreak. | 2007 | 18059652 |
| descriptive summary of an outbreak of porcine post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws ) in new zealand. | investigations were conducted to determine the cause of an acute, multi-farm outbreak of porcine respiratory disease that included diarrhoea and subsequent loss of body condition in affected pigs. a definition for post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) including both clinical and pathological features, previously developed for the pig industry in new zealand, was applied to the current outbreak. in addition to self-reporting by owners of affected farms, local veterinarians, disease a ... | 2007 | 18059655 |
| [identification of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus regulation sequence in 3'-untranslated region]. | based on our established infectious clone of prrsv, designated as pcbc2, a series of mutagenesis of 3'-untranslated region (3'-utr) at primary structure and secondary structure level were constructed. then the full length mutant clones were transfected into marc-145 cells, from which the influences of the discrete 3'-utr mutation on prrsv replication and transcription were analyzed. the properties of the rescued mutant viruses were then further characterized by northern blot and plaque morpholog ... | 2007 | 18062247 |
| failure of an inactivated vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome to protect gilts against a heterologous challenge with prrsv. | this study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of an inactivated vaccine based on a european-type strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) against the reproductive form of the syndrome in breeding gilts, and any congenital disease in their piglets. five gilts were vaccinated twice, following the manufacturer's instructions, before they were inseminated. nine additional gilts remained unvaccinated and served as positive (five gilts) and negative (four gilts) control ... | 2007 | 18083979 |
| [prrsv-eradication: an option for pig herds in germany?]. | the problem of successfully controling prrs with traditional methods has led to a growing interest in eradication. this review summarizes the current literature on topics of prrs-eradication, including the relevant routine diagnostic procedures, routes of virus transmission between pig herds (as i.e. pig movement, semen, aerosols, insects, fomites, transport vehicles) and eradication by close&rollover and test&removal, respectively. on the basis of this knowledge and experiences it can be conclu ... | 2007 | 18085157 |
| effect of the serum albumin on replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a cell culture. | 2007 | 18197738 | |
| [selection and inhibitory effect analysis of sirnas specific to orf2-4 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus]. | rna interference (rnai) is a powerful tool in gene function research. in order to investigate the role of gp2, gp3 and gp4 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) in the viral replication, small interference rnas (sirnas) directed to orf2, orf3 and orf4 were designed and 12 short hairpin rna (shrna) expression vectors were constructed (designed as 21,22,23,24,31,32,33,34,41,42,43 and 44). cells treated with shrna expression vectors were infected by prrsv. the effective shr ... | 2007 | 18051854 |
| simultaneous detection and genotyping of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) by real-time rt-pcr and amplicon melting curve analysis using sybr green. | the feasibility of using a sybr green-based real-time rt-pcr assay (sybr green reti rt-pcr) followed by melting curve analysis (mca) for detecting and genotyping porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) was assessed. the sybr green reti rt-pcr and a previously reported two-step, non-nested rt-pcr assays were simultaneously tested on selected european (eu) and north american (us) prrsv strains and isolates collected from diverse clinical, temporal, and geographical origins. the ... | 2008 | 18054369 |
| development and use of a multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for detection and differentiation of porcine circovirus-2 genotypes 2a and 2b in an epidemiological survey. | by the end of 2004, the canadian swine population had experienced a severe increase in the incidence of porcine circovirus-associated disease (pcvad), a problem that was associated with the emergence of a new porcine circovirus-2 genotype (pcv-2b), previously unrecovered in north america. thus, it became important to develop a diagnostic tool that could differentiate between the old and new circulating genotypes (pcv-2a and pcv-2b, respectively). consequently, a multiplex real-time quantitative ... | 2008 | 18776085 |
| reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the detection of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay targeting the open reading frames 1a of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus genome was developed. the 10 reference strains, 1 clinical isolation strain and 122 positive samples were tested. positive reactions were confirmed for all strains and specimens by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification and nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). ... | 2008 | 18706931 |
| [construction and biological characteristic for the recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara co-expressing modified gp5 and m protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus]. | modified orf5 (morf5) and orf6 gene of prrsv were cloned into two multiple cloning sites of mva transfer vector plr-gpt to construct the recombinant plasmid plr-morf5/orf6. homologous recombination between plr-morf5/orf6 and the wtmva on bhk-21 cell line was mediated with liposome by infecting the cell with 0.01 moi wtmva two hours before transfecting the recombinant plasmid into the cell. when the cytopathic effect (cpe) was obvious, virus was collected from the cell plate and the recombinant v ... | 2008 | 18724695 |
| [characterization of murine leukemia virus recombinants bearing prrsv gp5 glycoproteins]. | the highly virulent prrsv isolate strain hn-1/06 was cultivated on marc-145. to study the viral entry mechanisms, the gp5 gene of prrsv isolate was amplified by rt-pcr and cloned into pcdna3.0 to generate the expressing plasmid pcdna-gp5. pcdna-gp5 was transfected into 293t by the calcium phosphate precipitation method. analysis of flow cytometry confirmed that the gp5 proteins were expressed in surface of the 293t cells. then 293t cells were transfected with pcdna-gp5, phit60 and phit111 plasmi ... | 2008 | 18724697 |
| an infectious cdna clone of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus variant associated with porcine high fever syndrome. | since may 2006, a so-called 'porcine high fever syndrome' (phfs) has spread all over china. the arterivirus porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) was believed to be the main causative agent, although the involvement of other pathogens was not formally excluded. the genome of a representative chinese prrsv strain, named jx143, was sequenced and used to develop infectious cdna clones, pjx143 and pjx143m, with the latter containing an engineered mlui site that served as a gene ... | 2008 | 18753215 |
| identification of virulence determinants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus through construction of chimeric clones. | in order to determine virulence associated genes in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), a series of chimeric viruses were generated where specific genomic regions of a highly virulent prrsv infectious clone (fl12) were replaced with their counterparts of an attenuated vaccine strain (prime pac). initial genome-wide scanning using a sow reproductive failure model indicated that non-structural (orf 1a and 1b) and structural (orf2-7) genomic regions appear to be sites where ... | 2008 | 18768197 |
| molecular assessment of the role of envelope-associated structural proteins in cross neutralization among different prrs viruses. | to assess the role of each envelope-associated protein (i.e., orfs 2-6 products) of type 2 prrsv in cross neutralization mediated by antibody, chimeric mutants were generated by replacing orfs of a vr2332-based infectious clone with those of ja142, sdsu73, prrs124, or 2m11715 that are genetically and antigenically distinct from vr2332 and two-way neutralization assays were performed on those mutants using vr2332, ja142, sdsu73, or prrs124 antisera. all orf 5-replaced mutants showed increased sus ... | 2008 | 18770017 |
| the nsp1alpha and nsp1 papain-like autoproteinases are essential for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus rna synthesis. | the two n-terminal cleavage products, nsp1alpha and nsp1beta, of the replicase polyproteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) each contain a papain-like autoproteinase domain, which have been named pcpalpha and pcpbeta, respectively. to assess their role in the prrsv life cycle, substitutions and deletions of the presumed catalytic cysteine and histidine residues of pcpalpha and pcpbeta were introduced into a prrsv infectious cdna clone. mutations that inactivated pc ... | 2008 | 18198380 |
| phenotypic and functional modulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | it is well documented that there is a delay in the development of effective immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) in infected and vaccinated pigs. this suggests that prrsv might possess some inherent properties to evade host defense mechanisms during the early stage of infection. dendritic cells (dcs) play a crucial role in the activation and control of t-cells in response to viral antigens. in this study, we investigated the phenotypic and functional property c ... | 2008 | 18221843 |
| genetic characterization of the korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses based on the nucleocapsid protein gene (orf7) sequences. | to investigate the genetic characteristics of the korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), we determined the complete sequence of the nucleocapsid protein gene (orf7) from 105 prrsv isolates from all nine korean prefectures during the years 2003 through 2006. these sequences were then analyzed along with the published orf7 sequences for two korean prrs viruses (pl97-1/1997 and lmy/2002) and 36 non-korean viruses. the orf7 nucleotide sequence identities among the 107 ko ... | 2008 | 18227969 |
| feasibility of pooled-sample testing for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus antibodies on serum samples by elisa. | surveillance of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) in negative sow farms is usually performed by testing for the presence of antibodies against prrs virus in serum with a commercial elisa test. the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of pooling serum samples for detection of prrs virus antibodies by elisa. the effect of pool size on the sensitivity and specificity of the elisa test was evaluated by testing true positive samples and false positive samples, re ... | 2008 | 18243590 |
| construction of infectious cdna clones of prrsv: separation of coding regions for nonstructural and structural proteins. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), the causative agent of the ongoing "porcine high fever syndrome" in china, is capable of genetic and antigenic mutations at high frequency. how to design vaccine rationally to keep up with the ever-changing prevalent prrsv variant is of great interest. we developed an infectious cdna clone of an attenuated strain of type ii prrsv, and further manipulated the infectious cdna clone by inserting polylinker between orf1 and orf2, encoding ... | 2008 | 18246315 |
| porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus subverts repertoire development by proliferation of germline-encoded b cells of all isotypes bearing hydrophobic heavy chain cdr3. | isolator piglets infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), which is related to the lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus of mice, develop severe hypergammaglobulinemia, lymph node adenopathy, and autoimmune disease. many of the polyclonally activated b cell clones bear hydrophobic h chain cdr3s (hcdr3s) and are disseminated to most lymphoid tissues. we show in this study that b cells with identical hydrophobic hcdr3s are expressed with all major isotypes in prrsv ... | 2008 | 18250444 |
| changes in peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations in piglets co-infected experimentally with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) are pathogens, which can significantly affect the swine industry worldwide. field surveys suggest that simultaneous prrsv and pcv2 infection is common in pigs. the objective of this study was to measure the changes in peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations in piglets co-infected experimentally with prrsv and pcv2, in order to analyze the synergistic influence of co-infection on the immune system. ... | 2008 | 18164875 |
| detection of respiratory pathogens in air samples from acutely infected pigs. | pathogens causing significant respiratory disease in growing pigs include porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine circovirus 2, swine influenza virus, porcine respiratory coronavirus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and bordetella bronchiseptica. the objective of this research was to characterize the respiratory excretion of these pathogens by acutely infected pigs. pigs were inoculated under experimental conditions with 1 pathogen. samples were collected from the upper respirator ... | 2008 | 18783027 |
| toll-like receptor 3 activation decreases porcine arterivirus infection. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is an rna virus that initiates infection in pulmonary alveolar macrophages (pams), elicits weak immune responses, and establishes a persistent infection. to understand the role of dsrna intermediates in eliciting host immunity, we sought to determine if toll-like receptor-3 (tlr3), a well-known dsrna sensor, is involved in the regulation of prrsv infection. tlr3 gene expression was increased in pams of congenitally infected 2-wk-old pig ... | 2008 | 18788939 |
| differences in clinical disease and immune response of pigs challenged with a high-dose versus low-dose inoculum of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) continues to be an economically important infectious disease of swine. mechanisms governing activation of the innate immune response to prrsv remain to be elucidated. virulence differences observed between prrsv isolates have been attributed to replication ability in vivo, though immunogenic differences likely contribute to virulence also. the current study utilized a single prrsv isolate given at two different challenge doses to invest ... | 2008 | 18788940 |
| genome-wide transcriptional response of primary alveolar macrophages following infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is a major cause of economic loss for the swine industry worldwide. porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) triggers weak and atypical innate immune responses, but key genes and mechanisms by which the virus interferes with the host innate immunity have not yet been elucidated. in this study, genes that control the response of the main target of prrsv, porcine alveolar macrophages (pams), were profiled in vitro with a time-course ... | 2008 | 18796724 |
| genetic analysis of two porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses with different virulence isolated in china. | the s1 and sy0608 strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) were individually isolated and had different pathogenicity in pigs in 1997 and 2006. in order to understand their genomic characteristics, the full-length genome of s1 and sy0608 isolates were sequenced and analyzed. the results indicated that their genome composition differed significantly and shared only 88.5% nucleotide identity with each other. the genetic variation and amino acid substitutions were not ... | 2008 | 18807221 |
| effect of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on porcine alveolar macrophage function as determined using serial analysis of gene expression (sage). | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is a major pathogen of swine worldwide and causes considerable economic loss. the main target of infection is the porcine alveolar macrophage (pam). infection of pams by prrsv causes significant changes in their function by mechanisms that are not understood. we have employed serial analysis of gene expression (sage) to examine the global expression of genes in prrsv-infected pams. total cellular rnawas prepared from in vitro mock-infec ... | 2008 | 18817299 |
| dynamic differential regulation of innate immune transcripts during the infection of alveolar macrophages by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), an arterivirus, is the etiologic agent of an infectious disease of that name, characterized by respiratory disorders, abortion in pregnant sows and high mortality in piglets, resulting in significant economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. in order to identify whether genetic differences in prrsv response may exist in pigs, alveolar macrophages were used to assess the progression of the type-i interferon (ifn) transcript respons ... | 2008 | 18817308 |
| verification of chromosomal regions affecting the innate immunity in pigs using linkage mapping. | understanding the genetic control of innate immunity in pigswould offerthe opportunity to utilize natural variation and improve selective breeding programmes. as part of our porcine genome scan to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) we examined immune response traits in a duroc x berlin miniature pig resource family (dumi). complement activity via classical (ch50) and alternative (ah50) pathways, antibody response to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mh), tetanus toxoid (tet) and prrs virus (prrsv), ... | 2008 | 18817314 |
| immune response against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus during acute and chronic infection. | a significant obstacle to the prevention and control of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is the inability of current diagnostic tests to provide information concerning the stage of prrsv infection. to explore possible prognostic combinations of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, 3-week-old pigs (n=10) were intramuscularly (im) inoculated with prrsv isolate vr-2332 and followed for 193 days post-inoculation (dpi). negative control pigs (n=10) were im inoculated ... | 2008 | 18835044 |
| sialoadhesin and cd163 join forces during entry of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) shows a restricted tropism for subsets of porcine macrophages in vivo. to date, two prrsv receptors have been identified on primary macrophages, heparan sulphate for binding and sialoadhesin for binding and internalization. however, additional factors are needed because the expression of both receptors in non-permissive cells results in virus internalization but not in virus uncoating and productive infection. recently, cd163 was de ... | 2008 | 19008379 |
| development of genetic markers in the non-structural protein 2 region of a us type 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: implications for future recombinant marker vaccine development. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) continues to be a major problem in the pork industry worldwide. the limitations of current prrsv vaccines require the development of a new generation of vaccines. one of the key steps in future vaccine development is to include markers for diagnostic differentiation of vaccinated animals from those naturally infected with wild-type virus. using a cdna infectious clone of type 1 prrsv, this study constructed a recombinant green fluoresce ... | 2008 | 19008397 |
| [pseudotyping of murine leukemia virus particles with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus m protein-mediated e protein]. | for constructing pcdna-orf5, pcdna-orf5-orf6, pcdna-orf5/6, the orf5 and orf6 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) were amplified by rt-pcr, and transiently transfected into 293t cells by calciumphosphate co-precipitation. after 48 h, 293t cells were collected and surveyed by flow cytometry examination. the result indicated that the expression level of the e protein that mediated by the m protein was higher than that of the e protein expressed independently. then pcdna- ... | 2008 | 19035322 |
| porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) in gb pig herds: farm characteristics associated with heterogeneity in seroprevalence. | the between- and within-herd variability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) antibodies were investigated in a cross-sectional study of 103 british pig herds conducted 2003-2004. fifty pigs from each farm were tested for anti-prrsv antibodies using elisa. a binomial logistic model was used to investigate management risks for farms with and without pigs with prrsv antibodies and multilevel statistical models were used to investigate variability in pigs' log elisa irpc ( ... | 2008 | 19040719 |
| evaluation of induction of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome in gnotobiotic pigs with negative results for porcine circovirus type 2. | to determine whether porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (pdns) could be experimentally induced in gnotobiotic swine. | 2008 | 19046009 |
| a recombinant plasmid co-expressing swine ubiquitin and the gp5 encoding-gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induces protective immunity in piglets. | we transfected a recombinant plasmid that co-expressed swine ubiquitin and a codon optimized gp5 encoding-gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), designated pca-u-optigp5, as well as the plasmid pca-optigp5 encoding codon optimized gp5, and the plasmid pca-gp5 expressing wild-type pgp5 into 293t cells. expression of gp5 was measured by indirect immunofluorescence (iif) assay and western blot and found to be considerably higher in response to pca-u-optigp5 than the wi ... | 2008 | 18262692 |
| porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infects mature porcine dendritic cells and up-regulates interleukin-10 production. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) infects mature dendritic cells (mdcs) derived from porcine monocytes and matured with lipopolysaccharide. the infection of mdcs induced apoptosis, reduced the expression of cd80/86 and major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules, and increased the expression of interleukin-10, thus suggesting that such mdc modulation results in the impairment of t-cell activation. | 2008 | 18272667 |
| different biological characteristics of wild-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses and vaccine viruses and identification of the corresponding genetic determinants. | two attenuated vaccines, ingelvac prrs mlv and ingelvac prrs atp, derived from vr2332 and ja142, respectively, have been used to control porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus. however, there have been several field reports concerning the reversion of the vaccine virus to virulence. furthermore, viruses genetically indistinguishable from the vaccines and wild-type parental viruses have been detected in clinical prrs cases, raising the need for a better differential tool. as t ... | 2008 | 18272711 |