Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| zoster encephalitis. isolation of virus and measurement of varicella-zoster-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was isolated on two occasions from the cerebrospinal fluid of an elderly woman with encephalomyelitis complicating thoracic zoster. antibodies to zv-induced membrane antigen (fama) were present in cerebrospinal fluid in a titer of 1:64; serum antibodies were 64-fold higher. further evidence for local antibody production was derived from simultaneous measurements of immunoglobulin g and albumin in cerebrospinal fluid and serum and calculation of a cerebrospinal fluid- ... | 1982 | 6291390 |
| epstein-barr virus in normal pregnant women. | acquired immune suppression accompanying normal pregnancy may be associated with reactivation of epstein-barr virus (ebv). pregnant women with reactivated ebv having anti-ea antibodies show high titers of antiviral capsid antigen (vca) geometric mean titers (gmt) of 522 versus 170 in those lacking anti-early antigen (ea). among twenty-seven seropositive women at parturition, 17 (63%) had generated antibody to ea, and all 27 (100%) demonstrated significant increases in antibody to vca (p less tha ... | 1982 | 6291416 |
| cns varicella-zoster vasculitis. | 1982 | 6291496 | |
| antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against varicella-zoster virus-infected targets. | antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) against cryopreserved varicella-zoster virus-infected human foreskin fibroblasts was detected in a 51cr release assay. target cells, samples of seropositive or seronegative sera, and mononuclear cells obtained by ficoll-hypaque centrifugation of human peripheral blood were added to microtiter plate wells and allowed to incubate at 37 degrees c for 4 h. fibroblasts infected for 48 to 96 h were susceptible to adcc. effector cells from seropositi ... | 1982 | 6292106 |
| an investigation of the use of urease-antibody conjugates in enzyme immunoassays. | the development of urease (e.c.3.5.1.5) as a label for enzyme immunoassay (eia) procedures is described and the use of such conjugates illustrated with examples. urease catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to carbon dioxide and ammonia. the production of ammonia may be detected readily by a ph shift which we have found best indicated by the vivid colour change (yellow to purple) of bromocresol purple incorporated in the substrate solution. this enzyme-substrate system offers a number of important ad ... | 1982 | 6292306 |
| peripheral facial palsy and infections- findings and problems. | eighty-four patients of the cologne university ent clinic with a diagnosis of idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (pep) were examined - both clinically and virologically. in addition, examinations were carried out on 33 further pfp-patients from different practising physicians (group b) where the clinical information, however, was much less detailed. in the ent clinical group (84 patients), there was a total of 12 recent virus infections (9 varicella zoster virus, 2 herpes simplex virus, 1 coxsac ... | 1982 | 6292678 |
| igm to varicella-zoster virus: demonstration in patients with and without clinical zoster. | antibody to varicella-zoster (vz) virus of the igm type was detected in sera from 50% of persons with clinical zoster, 67% of asymptomatic varicella immunes with a recent intimate exposure to vz virus and 22 to 40% of varicella immunes with no symptoms of zoster or known exposure to the virus. no vz igm was found in newborn sera or in sera from persons susceptible to varicella, demonstrating specificity of the va igm assay. since development of specific igm is associated with acute infection, th ... | 1982 | 6292875 |
| determination of specific iga antibodies to varicella zoster virus by immunoperoxidase assay. | an indirect peroxidase technique was developed for determination of iga antibodies to varicella zoster virus (vzv). the antigen consisted of acetone-fixed trypsinised vzv-infected cells. rabbit antihuman iga peroxidase conjugate was used to detect human iga antibodies bound to viral antigen. in parallel igg antibodies to vzv were determined by an immunoperoxidase antibody to membrane antigen (ipama) technique. varicella zoster virus iga antibodies were detected in all five varicella and seven zo ... | 1982 | 6282941 |
| study of persistence of maternal antibodies to varicella-zoster virus by indirect haemagglutination, with result control by radioimmunoassay. | the persistence of maternal antibody against varicella-zoster virus was studied by the method of indirect haemagglutination (ih) and a control of the results was performed by radioimmunoassay (ria). the findings were analysed with reference to the constant half-life of passively acquired igg and the titre range and frequency of antibodies in 220 persons of fertile age representative of the normal population. statistical analysis of expected and the experimentally obtained data was performed. amo ... | 1982 | 6282961 |
| specific in vitro antibody responses by human blood lymphocytes: apparent nonresponsiveness of pbl is due to a lack of recirculating memory b cells. | 1982 | 6282963 | |
| immunologic and epidemiologic aspects of varicella infection acquired during infancy and early childhood. | the development of varicella zoster infection was studied in a population of infants under one year of age during three outbreaks of varicella in a semi-closed domiciliary institution for infants in japan. over a period of four years, many residents ranging in age from 27 days to 32 months were tested for cutaneous reactivity to vzv antigen, and vzv-specific antibody activity before, during, and after each outbreak of varicella. of these, 85 subjects developed clinical varicella, with an overall ... | 1982 | 6283050 |
| live attenuated varicella vaccine: immunization of healthy children with the oka strain. | ninety-one healthy children were immunized with one of three preparations of the oka strain of live attenuated varicella zoster virus in order to gain sufficient information on safety and immunogenicity to justify vaccine studies in immunosuppressed children. the oka-biken vaccine was studied in a dose response trial. two additional clinical trails were conducted with the oka strain that was further passaged: a frozen aqueous (oka-rit-aq) form and a lyophilized (oka-rit-ly) form were tested. wit ... | 1982 | 6283051 |
| [laboratory diagnosis for varicella-zoster virus infection--detection of viral antigens in vesicular fluid and susceptibility test for antiherpes drugs (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 6283211 | |
| herpes zoster in childhood. | 1982 | 6283515 | |
| fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (fama) procedure for determining susceptibility to varicella: an evaluation. | 1982 | 6285115 | |
| differential phosphorylation of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine monophosphate by thymidylate kinases from herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 and varicella zoster virus. | 5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (brvdurd) is a potent and selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type i (hs-i) and varicella zoster (vz) virus replication but is much less potent against herpes simplex virus type ii (hs-ii) replication. a possible enzymatic basis for this difference is reported here to involve the virus-coded dthd-dtmp kinases (ec 2.7.1.75) from the three virus strains. the thymidine kinases from the three virus strains were purified by affinity chromatography. in addition ... | 1982 | 6285172 |
| acyclovir in the treatment of simian varicella virus infection of the african green monkey. | acyclovir (9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine) administered as an intramuscular formulation twice daily at a dosage of 100 mg/kg per day prevented the development of disease in african green monkeys inoculated with simian varicella virus. viremia, appearance of a vesicular rash, and elevations of serum transaminases, each indicative of infection, were suppressed by acyclovir treatment. plasma concentrations of acyclovir were measured and showed rising levels after repeated intramuscular injection ... | 1982 | 6285700 |
| treatment of herpes virus infections in immunocompromised patients with acyclovir by continuous intravenous infusion. | sixteen immunocompromised patients with herpes virus infections were treated for three to five days with continuously administered intravenous acyclovir. patients received initial acyclovir infusions over 5 minutes in dosages ranging from 1.5 to 5.0 mg/kg followed by continuously infused acyclovir at 7.2, 14.4, 21.6, 28.8, 36.0, or 43.2 mg/kg per day. the mean serum plateau levels of acyclovir determined by radioimmunoassay ranged from 4.1 microm for the 7.2 mg/kg per day dosage to 36.6 microm f ... | 1982 | 6285719 |
| sensitivity of herpes virus isolates from acyclovir clinical trials. | clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus have been examined for changes in drug sensitivity after treatment of patients with acyclovir. some preliminary sensitivity results determined by plaque reduction assays in vero cells for herpes simplex virus and mrc-5 cells for varicella zoster virus are presented. where both pretreatment and posttreatment virus isolates were available, no significant changes in sensitivity to acyclovir were observed. similarly, isolates taken ... | 1982 | 6285727 |
| selection and preliminary characterization of acyclovir-resistant mutants of varicella zoster virus. | a series of acyclovir-resistant mutants of varicella zoster virus (vzv) were selected in vitro by serial passage of vzv-infected human fibroblasts in increasing drug concentrations, or by continuous exposure of cultures infected at high multiplicity to 100 microm acyclovir. the in vitro susceptibility of these mutants to several antiherpetic agents was measured by the plaque-reduction assay. the capacity of extracts of cells infected with these mutants to phosphorylate acyclovir was examined and ... | 1982 | 6285728 |
| effect of acyclovir combined with other antiherpetic agents on varicella zoster virus in vitro. | the sensitivity of varicella zoster virus (vzv) strain ellen to acyclovir in combination with other antiherpetic agents in vitro has been examined by the plaque-reduction and infectious center assay methods. (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu), trifluorothymidine (tft), or 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (idurd) produced, in general, additive antiviral activity when examined by either assay method. acyclovir in combination with phosphonoacetate (paa) resulted in additive effects as measured by th ... | 1982 | 6285733 |
| activation and antiviral effect of acyclovir in cells infected with a varicella-like simian virus. | acyclovir inhibited the replication of a varicella-like simian virus (dhv-1) in cell culture (vero cells) with an ed50 of 38 +/- 2 microm. the activation of acyclovir in this cell culture system was compared with that in the cell system with human varicella zoster virus (vzv). extracts of cells infected with dhv-1 catalyzed the phosphorylation of acyclovir. the phosphorylation was inhibited by dthd, suggesting the catalyst was a dthd kinase. electrophoresis of cytosol fractions on polyacrylamide ... | 1982 | 6285734 |
| mechanism of action and selectivity of acyclovir. | acyclovir, an acrylic purine nucleoside analog, is a highly potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (hsv), types 1 and 2, and varicella zoster virus, and has extremely low toxicity for the normal host cells. this selectivity is due to the ability of these viruses to code for a viral thymidine kinase capable of phosphorylating acyclovir to a monophosphate; this capability is essentially absent in uninfected cells. the acyclovir monophosphate (acyclo-gmp) is subsequently converted to acyclovir tr ... | 1982 | 6285736 |
| [immunological response of patients with herpes zoster (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 6286440 | |
| persistent varicella-zoster virus infection in a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line and recovery of a plaque variant. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) has been found to persistently infect the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line a204. infectious center assays and fluorescent antibody staining demonstrated continuous production of infectious vzv and viral antigen. the level of infection determined by fluorescent antibody staining was variable, and usually only a small percentage of the cells were capable of producing plaques in permissive fibroblasts. the extent of infection was similar in cell cultures passaged at spl ... | 1982 | 6286495 |
| extraction of cell-associated varicella-zoster virus dna with triton x-100-nacl. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna was extracted from infected cells with 0.25% triton x-100-0.2 m nacl and purified by isopycnic centrifugation in cscl. in each of eight experiments, 1.8-9.8 micrograms vzv dna was obtained from 107 infected cells. the vzv dna obtained by this procedure had a molecular weight of 88-100 x 106 as determined by sucrose gradient sedimentation and electron microscopy, and cleavage patterns after digestion with four restriction enzymes that corresponded to patterns prev ... | 1982 | 6286707 |
| antibody response to varicella-zoster virus after natural or vaccine-induced infection. | the development of serum and nasopharyngeal antibody responses to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was studied in groups of children after naturally acquired varicella or after immunization with the oka strain of live attenuated vzv vaccine administered in varying doses via respiratory inhalation or subcutaneous injection. natural infection, subcutaneous immunization, and respiratory inhalation of large doses of vzv vaccine consistently resulted in the development of vzv-specific igg antibody respon ... | 1982 | 6286790 |
| serum amyloid a levels in patients with infections due to cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, and herpes simplex virus. | 1982 | 6286800 | |
| the internal organization of the varicella-zoster virus genome. | dna was extracted from varicella-zoster (vz) virions prepared in sucrose gradients. thirty-eight molecules examined by electron microscopy were found to have a mean length of 46.7 micrometers. examination of self-annealed vzv dna molecules revealed that the virus genome was composed of a unique linear large sequence with a mol. wt. of 74.4 x 10(6) to 78.4 x 10(6), and a unique short sequence of mol. wt. approx. 9.8 x 10(6) flanked by inverted repeat sequences of 4.7 x 10(6) mol. wt. | 1982 | 6286856 |
| [experience with varicella zoster immunoglobulin in hungary]. | 1982 | 6287381 | |
| the effects of corticosteroids on the antigen presenting properties of human monocytes and endothelial cells. | 1982 | 6288296 | |
| experimental infection and immune response of guinea pigs with varicella-zoster virus. | an immune response (fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen) was detected in guinea pigs inoculated with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) adapted to guinea pig embryonic cells, including the oka vaccine strain, even when inoculation was by an external route, i.e., nasal or corneal. live or uv-inactivated virus having the same virus titer before irradiation was administered to guinea pigs by the corneal route, and antibody induction was detected only with live virus. the transmission of vzv from inf ... | 1982 | 6288560 |
| infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by varicella-zoster virus. | the infection of human peripheral blood leukocytes by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was studied using an infectious center assay, indirect immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. subsets of freshly isolated leukocytes were prepared, including granulocytes, mononuclear cells from ficoll-hypaque gradients, lymphocytes, and glass-adherent monocytes. when each of these populations was inoculated with vzv (moi = 0.1), there was no evidence of effective infection. however, when monocytes were cultu ... | 1982 | 6288616 |
| histocompatibility types and antiviral antibodies in a diverse group of individuals. | a study was made of the possible relationship between histocompatibility (hla) antigens of the a and b loci and antibodies to cytomegalovirus, influenza a (victoria strain), measles, rotavirus, vaccinia, and varicella/zoster. a large and diverse group of unselected individuals was studied. a possible relationship was detected between the presence of the antigen b15 and a lack of circulating measles antibodies. the study group was divided into three sections: (a) healthy individuals, (b) "renal d ... | 1982 | 6288632 |
| evaluation of the anticomplement immunofluorescence test for detection of antibody to varicella-zoster virus. | the anticomplement immunofluorescence (acif) test was compared with complement fixation and fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen procedures for the detection of antibody to varicella-zoster virus. all of 50 sera from pregnant women contained antibody measured by acif (titer, greater than or equal to 1:10); only 27 (54%) were positive by complement fixation (p less than 0.01). for 16 paired sera obtained before and after varicella-zoster virus infection and tested by acif and fluorescent anti ... | 1982 | 6288766 |
| potentiation of neutralization of varicella-zoster virus to antibody to immunoglobulin. | antibody to varicella-zoster virus was measured in vero cell cultures by a conventional and an enhanced plaque neutralization test. in the latter, heterologous antibody to human immunoglobulin was added to the virus-serum mixture to potentiate the neutralization reaction. the antibody to human immunoglobulin enhanced the sensitivity of the neutralization test seven- to 107-fold as compared with the conventional procedure. the test was highly reproducible in that individual serum titers fluctuate ... | 1982 | 6288808 |
| polypeptides of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and immunological relationship of vzv and herpes simplex virus (hsv). | varicella-zoster virus (vzv), labelled with [35s]methionine or [14c]glucosamine, was purified by centrifugation through sucrose gradients followed by equilibrium centrifugation in cscl, and analysed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). at least 32 polypeptides ranging in mol. wt. from approx. 280 x 10(3) to 21.5 x 10(3) (280k to 21.5k) and six glycopeptides ranging in mol. wt. from approx. 115k to 45k (gp1 to gp6) were found in the virion. the immunological relationship of vzv a ... | 1982 | 6288857 |
| virus particles and glycoprotein excreted from cultured cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv). | virus particles and virus proteins excreted from cultured human embryonic lung (hel) cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were examined by electron microscopy and affinity column chromatography using an antibody to vzv followed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). approximately 1 x 10(9) to 2 x 10(9) virus particles/ml with no detectable infectivity, of which 30 to 80% were enveloped, were observed in the culture fluid 48 to 72 h after infection, when cytopathic effe ... | 1982 | 6288858 |
| immunizations: current controversies. | 1982 | 6288902 | |
| an outbreak of airborne nosocomial varicella. | an outbreak of nosocomial varicella was traced to airborne spread from an immunocompromised child hospitalized from nov 11-19, 1980. seventy potentially susceptible children were hospitalized on the ward during that period. although the index patient remained in strict room isolation throughout his hospital stay, eight of these patients contracted varicella. the afternoon of november 12 was the period of highest risk for acquiring varicella. eight of 36 patients (22%) present that afternoon, com ... | 1982 | 6289235 |
| varicella zoster in hospital personnel: skin test reactivity to monitor susceptibility. | an outbreak of chickenpox, involving three patients and one nurse on a pediatric ward, necessitated rapid identification of susceptible employees in conjunction with standard epidemiologic intervention in order to prevent spread to other high-risk patients. of 46 hospital personnel 15 (33%) gave a negative or unknown history of prior disease. response to a varicella-zoster skin test was compared with antibody determination as measured by fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen. correlation of t ... | 1982 | 6289236 |
| [a rapid method for the determination of virus-specific igm antibodies]. | a newly developed ion exchange chromatography is reported; it is a simple and quick method to separate a highly purified igm fraction from blood serum. the immunofluorescence test was used to demonstrate that these fractions contain only virus-specific igm antibodies, but no demonstrable igg antibodies, which can often block the specific igm reactivity by competitive inhibition. the specificity of the reaction was tested on sera from 145 persons: the igm test was always positive in clinically pr ... | 1982 | 6293973 |
| chickenpox encephalitis and encephalopathy: evidence for differing pathogenesis. | retrospective assessment of hepatic and central nervous system involvement associated with chickenpox cases at a large metropolitan medical center reveals that 28 of 58 patients had biochemical, but not inflammatory, evidence of liver involvement. an additional 18 patients had biochemical liver abnormalities along with non-inflammatory encephalopathy (reye syndrome) and 12 had clear evidence of central nervous system inflammatory involvement (encephalitis). there were no cases of solitary inflam ... | 1982 | 6295009 |
| frequency and specificity of varicella zoster virus igm response. | a direct elisa was developed for determination of igm antibody to varicella zoster virus (vzv). with this sensitive method vzv igm antibodies were detected in all patients with a varicella and in 84% with a herpes zoster infection. all but one of 28 renal allograft recipients had previously had varicella. a primary infection was seen in the last patient, and reactivated infections in 11 of the others. the vzv igm response seems to be specific since patients with a herpes simplex virus (hsv) infe ... | 1982 | 6296180 |
| improved yields and assay of simian varicella virus, and a comparison of certain biological properties of simian and human varicella viruses. | studies were performed to define conditions under which propagation, assay and stabilization of the delta herpesvirus (dhv) strain of simian varicella virus might be improved, and to compare biological properties of dhv with those of human varicella zoster virus (vzv). a mycoplasma contaminant was successfully eliminated from the dhv seed virus by treatment with a specific anti-serum. dhv was found to replicate more efficiently in the bs-c-1 line of african green monkey kidney cells than in vero ... | 1982 | 6296181 |
| in vitro susceptibility of varicella-zoster virus to e-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and related compounds. | the in vitro susceptibility of eight strains of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) to e-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) was examined in human embryonic fibroblasts by the following techniques: inhibition of focus formation by either cell-free vzv (4-day assay) or cell-associated vzv (2-day assay), inhibition of viral antigen formation (2-day assay), and inhibition of viral cytopathogenicity (15-day assay). the 50% inhibitory dose (id50) of bvdu ranged from 0.001 microgram/ml (2-day assay) to 0 ... | 1982 | 6282207 |
| multiple sclerosis. electrofocused "bands" of oligoclonal csf igg do not carry antibody activity against measles, varicella-zoster or rotaviruses. | electrofocused serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens from patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) were analysed for immunoglobulins (ig) and for antibodies to measles, varicella-zoster and rotaviruses by an imprint immunofixation method. patterns of intrathecally synthesized antibodies to the 3 viruses differed from patterns of oligoclonal igg in the csf. a variable proportion of virus antibody bands (average 19% for measles antibodies, 8% for varicella-zoster antibodies, 31% for rotavirus ... | 1982 | 6281394 |
| intrathecal synthesis of virus-specific oligoclonal igg, iga and igm antibodies in a case of varicella-zoster meningoencephalitis. | varicella-zoster (vz) virus meningoencephalitis was diagnosed in a 72-year-old man without other clinical signs of vz infection, on the basis of intrathecal virus-specific igg, iga and igm antibody responses demonstrated by imprint immunofixation (iif) and by serological analyses of serum and csf. the intrathecally produced antibodies displayed oligoclonal characteristics. the intrathecal production of vz-igg and -iga antibodies persisted throughout the observation period of 20 months, while tha ... | 1982 | 6296323 |
| interview with philip a. brunell: contagion and varicella-zoster virus. | 1982 | 6296801 | |
| [application of enzyme-linked protein a to elisa for detection of virus specific antibodies]. | 1982 | 6298319 | |
| the use of herpes virus induced dtk as a marker for serological and direct identification of herpes virus infection in man. | this report summarizes the essential features of a sensitive deoxythymidine kinase (dtk) assay, which can be used for the diagnosis of herpes virus infections. a type specific antibody response towards the different herpes virus dtk isozymes, the herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1, type 2, and varicella zoster virus (vzv), was found in human sera. the occurrence of dtk antibody in relation to complement fixing (cf) antibody and the state of infection, was found to differ between hsv and vzv. the ... | 1982 | 6299830 |
| development of sensitive and enzyme-linked immunoassays for herpesvirus antigens and some applications. | sensitive enzyme-linked immunoassays for herpes simplex virus (hsv), cytomegalovirus (cmv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were developed. both a sandwich technique, using antiviral antibodies from two species to detect the antigen, and an inhibition assay where the sample antigen was incubated with one antiserum, could be used. around 4-50 ng of viral antigens (measured as protein content) could be detected. the elisa inhibition technique using type-specific antisera could differentiate betwee ... | 1982 | 6299833 |
| oka-sk-rit varicella vaccine for "primary" and for booster vaccinations. | in seronegative children--healthy and immunocompromised--and in seronegative adults, we have limited but very promising results--no side reactions and good antibody-conversions with clinical protection. because--in spite of positive humoral antibodies--10 to 20% of people over the age of 50 have a negative cell-mediated immune response against vz and are therefore presumed zoster patients, vz-booster vaccinations were done in this age group. a significant increase in humoral antibodies can be in ... | 1982 | 6299847 |
| [trial of a varicella vaccine in 100 high-risk children]. | 1982 | 6299848 | |
| clinical trial of live attenuated varicella vaccine in high risk susceptibles--a preliminary report. | 1982 | 6299849 | |
| [fatal 2d case of chickenpox. further complication of varicella-zoster virus infection during anti-leukemia therapy]. | 1982 | 6961118 | |
| acyclovir treatment of herpes zoster infections. use in children undergoing bone marrow transplantation. | three patients in whom herpes zoster infections developed following bone marrow transplantation were treated with acyclovir. the patients experienced pain relief within 24 hours of starting treatment. the progression of their skin lesions halted within 1, 2, and 4 days of therapy, respectively, and healed completely within two weeks of therapy. pharmacokinetic studies indicated that acyclovir plasma concentration-time profiles approximated biexponential equations. the drug half-lives were 3.91, ... | 1982 | 7038177 |
| hospital infection control for varicella zoster virus infection. | more than 500 hospital employees and 209 patients were exposed to varicella zoster virus (vzv) as a consequence of 22 uncontrolled hospital introductions that occurred over a period of 34 months. five introductions of varicella were by hospital employees who acquired the infection outside the hospital. successful infection control of vzv requires an accurate definition of the susceptible population and the limitation of transmission. individuals with prior vzv infection are epidemiologically not ... | 1982 | 7048233 |
| [zoster encephalitis without rash: report of two cases (author's transl)]. | two previously healthy men, aged 54 and 41 years, fell ill with headaches and increased fatiguability, one also with vomiting, the other with fever, transitory visual disturbances and slight weakness of the left hand. both of them had a stiff neck and clouded consciousness. the eeg had moderate to severe dysrhythmia, predominantly over the temporal area, csf showed an increased cell count of 1000/3, predominantly lymphocytes, and increased protein. the younger patient also had global aphasia and ... | 1982 | 7075505 |
| rapid serological technique for typing herpes simplex viruses. | a rapid technique is described which can accurately identify a herpes simplex virus (hsv) isolate as type 1 or type 2. filter paper disks were used to immobilize viral antigens, which were then identified by means of an (125)i-labeled staphylococcal protein a immunoassay. the assay was performed in a specially designed 96-well filtration device which served as both an incubation chamber and a filter manifold. by using this system and cross-absorbed antisera to hsv types 1 and 2, 69 coded clinica ... | 1982 | 7076813 |
| [diagnostic value of specific antibodies varicella zoster virus infection associated with immune deficiency syndromes]. | 1982 | 7145427 | |
| [acyclovir therapy of varicella-zoster virus infections in the immunosuppressed children ]. | we evaluated acyclovir therapy in 16 immunodeficient children with varicella (7 cases) and zoster (9 cases) in a controlled open study. infections were serious in 12 patients. each patient had daily clinical, biological and virological tests. sixty minutes intra-venous infusions of acyclovir were given three times a day (5 to 10 mg/kg/8 hours) for 6 ou 11 days. all patients who received therapy before the first four days, ahd a more rapid cessation of new vesicles formation and more rapid scarin ... | 1982 | 6750532 |
| [antibodies against viruses of the herpes group in cerebrospinal fluid in idiopathic facial paralysis. enzyme immuno-serologic studies]. | in a prospective study, paired csf samples and sera of 12 patients suffering from bell's palsy were examined for igg and igm antibodies against herpes simplex virus (hsv), varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and cytomegalovirus (cmv). for determination of antibodies an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out. csf- and serum samples were taken within one week after bell's palsy had been diagnosed and were compared with further csf- and serum samples taken 2 weeks later. the results are discuss ... | 1982 | 6757615 |
| comparison of the raji cell line fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of immunity to varicella-zoster virus. | a prospective study was performed comparing the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (fama) test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for identifying susceptibility and seroconversion to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection. a total of 75 sera were collected from index cases and from sibling and parent contacts in 10 families. varicella-zoster virus-infected human diploid embryonic fibroblasts and continuous lymphoblastoid cells (raji cells) were compared as indicator cells in ... | 1982 | 6759530 |
| serodiagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infection in pregnancy and standardization of the elisa igg and igm antibody tests. | it is recognized that varicella virus infection in early pregnancy may cause severe congenital malformation and that varicella virus infection during the last 4 days of gestation until 48 h. after delivery can be dangerous for the child. maternal zoster has also been suggested as a cause of some congenital defect, but this association is poorly documented. sensitive, specific and rapid indirect (elisa) and direct (ela) enzyme-linked-immunoassays for detecting varicella and herpes simplex virus, ... | 1982 | 6762304 |
| dna binding proteins induced by varicella-zoster virus in human cells. | dna-binding proteins induced by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were detected by native-and denatured-dna affinity chromatography. eleven dna-binding proteins specific to the infected cells were separated by sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page); their molecular weights ranged from 180 x 10(3) to 22 x 10(3). when they were applied to an affinity column coupled with vzv-antibody, a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 34 x 10(3) was predominant on subsequent sds-page. | 1982 | 6307257 |
| antibody dependent cellular protection against the cell to cell spread of varicella- zoster virus. | 1982 | 6313498 | |
| [effect of ph and methylcellulose on establishment of "in vitro" infection with cell-free varicella-zoster virus]. | 1982 | 6306922 | |
| the production of varicella zoster virus antiserum in laboratory animals. brief report. | hyperimmune anti-varicella zoster virus (vzv) antisera were prepared in balb/c mice, lewis rats and new zealand rabbits by subcutaneous inoculations of purified vz virions suspended in freund's adjuvant. vzv antibodies were demonstrated both by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and by indirect immunofluorescence (if). vzv could not be detected in organs of any inoculated animals by if or by cocultivation of tissue fragments from infected animals with human diploid fibroblasts. | 1982 | 6299237 |
| deoxythymidine kinases in varicella-zoster virus infected and biochemically transformed cells. | deoxythymidine kinase (tk) activity induced in varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected human embryonic fibroblast (hef) cells was immunologically distinguishable from that in non infected hef cells and also from that in herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infected hef cells. the tks in vzv-biochemically transformed cells were immunologically the same as that induced in vzv-infected human cells and immunologically different from that in ltk- cells or in hsv-biochemically transformed cells. one peak ... | 1982 | 6299267 |
| [antibody movement against bk and herpes viruses and cytomegalovirus in kidney transplants]. | 1982 | 6320705 | |
| specific and non-specific b cell activation in measles and varicella. | lymphocytes from eight patients with measles and six patients with varicella were studied during the acute phase (first week) of illness and after recovery for spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen (pwm)-induced production of immunoglobulins (ig) and viral antibodies by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). in both infections acute phase lymphocytes showed increased spontaneous in vitro igm and igg productions including igm and igg antibodies to the aetiological virus as well as igg antibodie ... | 1983 | 6299636 |
| newer vaccines--a review. | 1983 | 6323310 | |
| dna sequence of the us component of the varicella-zoster virus genome. | the linear duplex dna molecule of varicella-zoster virus is 120 000 bp in size and has the sequence arrangement ul-irs-us-trs, where ul and us are unique sequences and irs and trs are inverted repeats flanking us. the primary structure of the cloned ssti g dna fragment containing us (5232 bp) and adjacent portions of irs and trs (426 bp of each) was determined, and the following model for genetic expression was derived from an analysis of the sequence. the region specifies four mrnas encoding pr ... | 1983 | 6321154 |
| rapid and direct detection of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus antigens in clinical specimens by staphylococcal reagent and membrane filtration. | herpes simplex virus was detected rapidly and directly in 31 and varicella-zoster virus in two of 50 clinical specimens using specific antisera, stabilized staphylococci rich in protein a and membrane filtration. microscopical examination of the cells retained on the filter membrane revealed attached staphylococci only on cells harbouring viral antigens but not on non-infected cells or cells from healthy donors. infected cells treated with negative control sera and stabilized staphylococci and s ... | 1983 | 6321167 |
| rapid detection of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus in clinical specimens by the use of staphylococcus aureus rich in protein a. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and type 2 and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were detected in cytospin preparations from clinical material by using specific antisera and staphylococcus aureus, cowan 1 strain, rich in protein a (sra). virus was isolated in tissue culture from 22 of the 30 specimens submitted for examination. eighteen isolates showed cytopathic effect characteristic of hsv infection and 4 of vzv. in the cytospin preparations of the same samples hsv was detected in 15, two contain ... | 1983 | 6306990 |
| variation in human herpesvirus susceptibility to enhancement by the pesticide carbaryl. | the ability of various human herpesviruses to be enhanced by the pretreatment of human embryonic lung cells with the pesticide carbaryl (1-naphthyl-n-methyl-carbamate) differs according to the virus tested. different strains of varicella-zoster virus produced different patterns of susceptibility to enhancement. laboratory-adapted strains were less sensitive to enhancement than were wild-type strains recently isolated from clinical specimens. the related human herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 ... | 1983 | 6307144 |
| characterization of varicella-zoster virus enhancement by the pesticide carbaryl. | further characterization of the viral enhancement system of varicella-zoster virus by the pesticide carbaryl (1-naphthyl-n-methylcarbamate) is presented. it was necessary to expose cells to the enhancing chemical during the period of virus replication to detect enhancement. the optimum time for the pretreatment is 20 to 24 h. maximum enhancement of virus expression occurs 48 to 72 h post-inoculation. treated cells cannot pass on to daughter cells the ability to produce increased amounts of virus ... | 1983 | 6307145 |
| zoster immunoglobulin in varicella prophylaxis. a study among high-risk patients. | the efficacy of zoster immunoglobulin (zig) in preventing varicella was studied among patients in a high-risk group. 173 non-immune patients were observed after exposure to varicella-zoster (vz) virus and subsequent administration of zig. for 138 patients (80%) no sign of varicella was recorded, 16 patients (9%) had a subclinical infection and 19 patients (11%) developed varicella. 12/19 patients with varicella contracted a very mild disease (less than 20 pocks, negligible fever), 5 got mild or ... | 1983 | 6318302 |
| failure to demonstrate concomitant antibody changes to viral antigens other than epstein-barr virus (ebv) during or after infectious mononucleosis. | a search for antibody rises to viral antigens other than to epstein-barr virus, the causative agent, has been carried out in serial serum samples from 82 patients with infectious mononucleosis (im). fourfold or greater rises in titer rarely occurred and did did not cluster in time. no rises occurred to cytomegalovirus, only 1.2 percent to herpes simplex virus, and 8.5 percent to varicella zoster virus. rises to measles antibody were found in 7.5 percent of patients and to rubella in 10.4 percent ... | 1983 | 6318461 |
| chickenpox virus. | 1983 | 6318539 | |
| varicella vaccine. | 1983 | 6319324 | |
| transfer of viral antibodies from mother to infant. | antibody titers to epstein-barr virus (ebv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1, varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and rubella virus (rv) were determined in maternal and in newborn cord sera in 258 consecutive deliveries. infants born with one or more of the following risk factors--weight less than 2.5 kg, apgar score less than 7, clinical jaundice, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, birth defects and respiratory distress syndrome--were considered to be at risk. similar geometric ... | 1983 | 6319326 |
| clinical and virological observations in childhood hodgkin's disease in israel. | antibody levels to epstein-barr virus (ebv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were determined in children with hodgkin's disease (hd) before therapy, as well as in healthy, age-matched controls. included were 21 israeli-born children, aged 2.5 to 14.5 years: 13 jews whose parents were of african-asian origin, 1 jew whose parents were of european origin, and 7 arabs. most of them were from large families (average 5.5 children per family) and low s ... | 1983 | 6319327 |
| detection of varicella-zoster virus-specific iga antibodies in varicella and zoster patients and in healthy adults of various ages by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. | the varicella-zoster virus(vzv)-specific serum immunoglobulin a(iga) response was studied in varicella and zoster patients and in healthy adults of various ages by a sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique. significant rises in vzv-specific iga titer were found for both varicella and zoster patients, while vzv-specific iga was also detected in greater than 90% of healthy adults but at lower titers. no significant decrease in vzv-specific iga titer with increasing age was found. the role ... | 1983 | 6313543 |
| use of acyclovir for prophylaxis of herpes infections in severely immunocompromised patients. | two consecutive studies are reported. in study 1, 59 patients with acute leukaemia undergoing remission induction therapy or bone marrow transplantation were given either acyclovir (5 mg/kg) or placebo by intravenous infusion twice daily during the period of neutropenia. all patients were seropositive (greater than or equal to 1:8) for herpes simplex virus. acyclovir provided total protection against herpes simplex virus infection in bone marrow transplant patients with 0/10 versus 5/10 infectio ... | 1983 | 6313594 |
| acyclovir therapy of varicella-zoster virus infections in immunocompromised patients. | in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of intravenous acyclovir in the treatment of varicella zoster virus (vzv) infections, 8 of 20 immunocompromised children with varicella received acyclovir (500 mg/m2/dose three times daily for 7 days). there was no significant difference in skin healing between the acyclovir and placebo groups although there was a significant reduction in the incidence of development of pulmonary involvement during acyclovir treatment. nineteen out of 34 pa ... | 1983 | 6313596 |
| the spectrum of antiviral activities of acyclovir in vitro and in vivo. | in vitro sensitivity data suggest that acyclovir should be effective against clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus and possibly epstein-barr virus. the clinical potential against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 is further supported by results in animal models. human cytomegalovirus and the veterinary herpes viruses, with the possible exception of equine herpes virus type 1, may be insufficiently sensitive to be amenable to treatment. | 1983 | 6313598 |
| the biochemistry and mechanism of action of acyclovir. | acyclovir, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine, is an acyclic nucleoside analogue which has a high activity and selectivity for herpes viruses, particularly herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 and varicella zoster virus. this selectivity is due to the initial activation of the drug by phosphorylation by a herpes virus-specified thymidine kinase. normal cellular enzymes do not phosphorylate acyclovir to any significant degree. acyclovir monophosphate is subsequently converted to a triphosphate whic ... | 1983 | 6313600 |
| effect of sucrose phosphate and sorbitol on infectivity of enveloped viruses during storage. | cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus recovery from sucrose phosphate (0.2 m sp) and 70% sorbitol (sorbitol) was compared after storage at -70, 4, and 20 degrees c over time. recovery from 0.2 m sp was uniformly better. more tissue culture infective doses and infectious foci were recovered in cell monolayers inoculated with 0.2 m sp virus stocks as compared with viruses stored in 70% sorbitol. although both viruses were isolated from diluted fresh stocks (10(-1) through 10(-4], freezing dil ... | 1983 | 6313747 |
| serological investigation of an outbreak of simian varicella in erythrocebus patas monkeys. | an epizootic of simian varicella occurring in a colony of erythrocebus patas monkeys was studied serologically by using radioimmunoassay and neutralization tests against (i) a virus strain isolated from an animal that died during the epizootic, (ii) a simian varicella virus strain from an earlier outbreak of simian varicella-like disease at another facility, and (iii) human varicella-zoster virus. serological tests detected more cases of infection among the animals exposed to virus during the ep ... | 1983 | 6313751 |
| common expression of varicella-zoster viral glycoprotein antigens in vitro and in chickenpox and zoster vesicles. | human cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) produce at least three major virus-specific, immunogenic glycoproteins: gp118, gp98, and gp62. since glycoproteins gp98 and gp62 were found to be prominent constituents of the infected cell membrane, a murine monoclonal antibody (clone 3b3) that reacted avidly with this glycoprotein complex was selected as a probe for detection of vzv replication in laboratory and clinical settings. cultured cells of human, simian, and caviid origin, when in ... | 1983 | 6313814 |
| pregnancy complicated by herpes zoster. a report of two cases and literature review. | herpes zoster during pregnancy is rare, with only 13 reported cases. although the prognosis is usually favorable, the disease can be associated with congenital malformations. we treated two pregnant women with herpes zoster at 25 and 31 weeks of gestation. the disease was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by serology and virus isolation. both women delivered normal infants with normal development. | 1983 | 6313918 |
| varicella and herpes zoster. changing concepts of the natural history, control, and importance of a not-so-benign virus. | 1983 | 6314138 | |
| serum immunoglobulin a antibody to varicella-zoster virus in subjects with primary varicella and herpes zoster infections and in immune subjects. | immunoglobulin a (iga) antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were measured in sera from subjects with acute varicella and herpes zoster, vzv-immune subjects remote from infection, and recipients of a live attenuated varicella vaccine, using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. primary infection with vzv was associated with early production of iga antibodies. among 36 subjects with varicella tested 1 to 5 days after onset, 22 had detectable iga, and all of the negative sera were obtained before d ... | 1983 | 6315766 |
| in vivo immune restoration in advanced cancer patients after administration of thymosin fraction 5 or thymosin alpha 1. | since patients with advanced cancer are usually immunodeficient, they might benefit from therapy with thymic hormones, which have an immunorestorative effect in immunosuppressed laboratory animals. we treated 14 patients with thymosin fraction 5 (tf5), and 14 patients with thymosin alpha 1 (ta1) over the dose ranges of 60-960 mg/m2 and 0.6-9.6 mg/m2, respectively. in addition to monitoring toxicity, we studied patients extensively using a variety of lymphocyte cell surface markers and in vitro f ... | 1983 | 6315897 |
| incomplete growth of varicella-zoster virus in human monocytes. | infection of human peripheral blood monocytes by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was investigated. when freshly isolated monocytes of young adult volunteers were infected with cell-free vzv and examined by indirect immunofluorescence, specific antigens appeared at 8 hr and the number of antigen-positive cells reached the maximum between 24 and 48 hr postinfection. the proportion of antigen-positive cells to total cells was similar to that of the permissive control (hela cells), while very few infec ... | 1983 | 6316116 |
| varicella-zoster virus dna in human sensory ganglia. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) causes chickenpox and shingles. clinical and epidemiological evidence indicates that following an episode of childhood chickenpox (varicella), vzv becomes latent, presumably in dorsal root ganglia, and is reactivated many years later to produce shingles (zoster) in adults. vzv has been demonstrated in ganglia by electron microscopy and by indirect immunofluorescence, and infectious viral particles have been isolated from acutely infected ganglia of patients who died ... | 1983 | 6316159 |
| expanded guidelines for use of varicella-zoster immune globulin. | 1983 | 6316247 | |
| [varicella vaccine]. | 1983 | 6316658 |