Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| nodules in the conjunctiva, bung-eye, and bulge-eye in africa caused by mansonella perstans. | eight patients from uganda, sudan, nigeria, and zaire presented with swelling of the eyelids, proptosis, or conjunctival granulomas. in 5 patients the cause was mansonella perstans; in 1, it was a wuchereria bancrofti-like worm; and in 2, an unidentifiable worm. the morphologic features and histopathologic changes in the conjunctiva and periorbital fat are described and illustrated. | 1988 | 3079314 |
| persistence of parasite antigenemia following diethylcarbamazine therapy of bancroftian filariasis. | this study was designed to reexamine the efficacy of diethylcarbamazine for bancroftian filariasis with special reference to changes in serum parasite antigen levels and antifilarial antibody titers after treatment. patients with asymptomatic microfilaremia were treated with 6 mg/kg diethylcarbamazine daily for 12 days. microfilaria counts fell dramatically after treatment, as expected. igg antibody titers to adult and microfilarial antigens of b. malayi were increased 1 month after treatment in ... | 1988 | 3079315 |
| an egg surface antigen of setaria digitata (filariae) shed on development to microfilariae. | egg surface antigens of setaria digitata were investigated by an immunoperoxidase staining technique. certain antigens on the egg surface were shed when the eggs developed to microfilariae. rabbit antisera to s. digitata eggs and to the soluble egg antigen reacted (as detected by immunoperoxidase staining) with the surface antigens of s. digitata eggs and immature microfilariae, and with mature microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and dirofilaria repens, but not with the surface antigens of mat ... | 1988 | 3256115 |
| bancroftian filariasis in haiti: preliminary characterization of the immunological responsiveness of microfilaremic individuals. | patent infections with the lymphatic filariae, wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi, are associated with suppressed in vitro cellular responsiveness to filarial antigens. in studies of bancroftian filariasis in haiti, a significant number of microfilaremic individuals can be characterized as "responders" to filarial antigens. cells from 37/74 untreated microfilaremic subjects responded to b. pahangi antigen (stimulation ratio greater than 2) as detected by in vitro blastogenesis. a comparison ... | 1988 | 3277457 |
| cytologic diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis in a nonendemic area. | parasitic infections are common in the developing countries, but the cytologic diagnosis of such infections is infrequent or rare. this paper presents four cases of filariasis caused by wuchereria bancrofti diagnosed by cytologic examination and discusses some unusual observations. the finding of microfilariae in pleural fluid in the absence of the classic symptoms and signs of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is highlighted. in two patients, nocturnal microfilaremia could not be demonstrated des ... | 1988 | 3279714 |
| lymphatic filariasis: detection of circulating and urinary antigen and differences in antibody isotypes complexed with circulating antigen between symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. | a two-site immunoradiometric assay using a monoclonal antibody (moab) against brugia malayi microfilariae allowed the detection of parasite molecules both in the serum and the urine of patients from sri lanka infected with wuchereria bancrofti. whereas 50% of patients had no antigen in their serum, all of them excreted detectable amounts of antigen in their urine, the levels being higher in symptomatic than in asymptomatic patients. the poor detection in serum appeared to be related to the prese ... | 1988 | 3280185 |
| antibodies to diethylcarbamazine cross-react with microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti. | antibodies directed against the microfilarial sheath have been instrumental in the immune elimination of circulating microfilariae in human lymphatic filariasis. we report here that antibodies to diethylcarbamazine (dec, the most commonly used anti-filarial drug) cross-react with the sheath of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae. antibodies with reactivity to dec were raised in rabbits by immunization with a conjugate of methylpiperazine carboxylic acid (mpca, an acid hydrolysis product of dec) c ... | 1988 | 3280479 |
| filarial antigen in circulating immune complexes from patients with wuchereria bancrofti filariasis. | detection of filarial antigen in circulating immune complexes from patient sera was performed by an enzyme immunoassay in which the immune complexes were precipitated in the cold with polyethylene glycol and then dissociated in an acid ph buffer before being added to an elisa plate. the dissociated antigen bound to the plate where it could be detected by peroxidase-labeled polyclonal rabbit antifilarial antiserum. control sera used for defining the specificity of the assay included sera with imm ... | 1988 | 3281495 |
| analysis, characterization, and diagnostic utility of filarial antigen fractions isolated from immune complexes in bancroftian filariasis. | circulating immune complexes isolated from clinical filarial patients' sera by 3% polyethylene glycol precipitation were analyzed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) on vertical slab gel. silver staining of the gel after electrophoresis revealed 20 and 30 protein bands without and with reduction of immune complexes, respectively, in the molecular weight range of 148-18k. filarial antigen in protein eluates from gel slices was detected by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assa ... | 1988 | 3282713 |
| ivermectin for the treatment of wuchereria bancrofti filariasis. efficacy and adverse reactions. | ivermectin treatment was evaluated for efficacy and side effects in 40 patients in south india who had microfilaremia and bancroftian filariasis. ivermectin was administered once orally at four dose levels (range, 25 to 200 micrograms/kg), and at each it was found to be completely effective in clearing blood microfilariae within five to 12 days. in most patients, microfilariae reappeared by three months; by six months the levels averaged 14% to 32% of pretreatment values in the four study groups ... | 1988 | 3285045 |
| [upper extremity lymphedema in bancroftial filariasis]. | 1988 | 3286402 | |
| evaluation of elisa and ihat in immunodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis using delipidized l. carinii antigen. | 1988 | 3286786 | |
| vector competence to wuchereria bancrofti in culex pipiens collected from the nile delta. | 1988 | 3286788 | |
| [an epidemiological survey of filarial chyluria]. | 1988 | 3289747 | |
| phosphocholine epitopes on helminth and protozoal parasites and their presence in the circulation of infected human patients. | antigens containing phosphocholine (pc) circulate in the blood during chronic filarial infection. because of the wide occurrence of such pc epitopes, we examined their specificity by evaluating 10 common parasites of humans for the presence of pc epitopes, and sera from patients infected with these parasites for circulating antigens containing pc. immunoblot analysis of extracts from various parasites using an anti-pc monoclonal antibody (ca101) demonstrated the presence of pc epitopes on the pr ... | 1989 | 2482559 |
| evaluation of the potential of excretions-secretions (e-s) of litomosoides carinii to substitute for human filarial e-s. | the antigenic cross-reactivity of the excretions-secretions (e-s) of litomosoides carinii was investigated. immunoprecipitation using pooled sera from a number of human filarial infections in combination with sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) analysis revealed variations in the cross-reactivity of individual molecules. some were specific to l. carinii, the major examples in this category being two e-s components of 140 and 160 kda released by day 40- to 42-day ... | 1989 | 2482972 |
| [clinical manifestations of lymphatic bancroftian filariasis]. | a review of clinical manifestations of bancroftian filariasis, based on the literature and in the authors' experience, suggests a general classification in to six groups: 1) normal endemics; 2) individuals bearing microfilaremia; 3) acute manifestations; 4) chronic manifestations; 5) tropical pulmonary eosinophilia; 6) controversial forms. an overview on diagnostic procedures and the immunologic relationship between host and parasite was made in each group. final considerations about treatment w ... | 1989 | 2486416 |
| selective up-regulation of endothelial cell class i mhc expression by cytokines from patients with lymphatic filariasis. | local host immune responses to the lymphatic-dwelling filarial parasite wuchereria bancrofti are important in the pathogenesis of the lymphangitis that leads to filarial elephantiasis. that the lymphatic endothelial cells may be important in this inflammatory process was shown by the ability of supernatants generated from filarial ag-driven pbmc of individuals with filarial elephantiasis caused by w. bancrofti infection to up-regulate class i mhc expression on human umbilical vein endothelial ce ... | 1989 | 2492050 |
| blood groups and filariasis. | only a little is known about the studies done with filariasis in relation to blood groups. the present communication reports the results of a preliminary study carried out to investigate any relationship of abo and rho(d) blood groups in persons with circulating microfilariae (mf) in blood and with disease manifestations compared with healthy normal controls within a population in similar epidemiological and ecological conditions. blood groups abo and rho(d) were investigated among 271 persons w ... | 1989 | 2504655 |
| a lambda gt11 cdna recombinant that encodes dirofilaria immitis paramyosin. | the cdna synthesized from mrna of dirofilaria immitis female adult worms was cloned into the expression vector lambda gt11. screening the library with a hyperimmune rabbit antiserum raised against adult worm homogenates yielded several antigen positive clones. one of these clones, lambda cdi2, was recognized by rabbit antisera raised against either d. immitis l-3, adult, brugia malayi l-3 or onchocerca volvulus adult worm antigen, as well as by antisera from humans naturally infected with o. vol ... | 1989 | 2527335 |
| lymphocyte subpopulations in bancroftian filariasis: activated (dr+) cd8+ t cells in patients with chronic lymphatic obstruction. | to examine the relationship between lymphocyte phenotypes and states of activation in patients with bancroftian filariasis, dual colour flow cytometry and concurrent in vitro cell culture were performed on normal individuals (nv; n = 15), and on patients with either asymptomatic microfilaraemia (mf; n = 12) or elephantiasis (cp; n = 11). in contrast to findings by others in a population with brugian filariasis, the percentages of total b lymphocytes (cd19), t lymphocytes (cd3), helper/inducer t ... | 1989 | 2527654 |
| ivermectin and prothrombin time. | 1989 | 2566081 | |
| survival estimates for adult culex pipiens in the nile delta. | in an endemic area for wuchereria bancrofti filariasis in the nile delta, survival of adult female culex pipiens was estimated by parity rate, mosquito infection and infectivity rates. infection rates and 4th instar larval populations, as well as infection and parity rates, were linearly correlated. infectivity correlated only with parity rates. these associations corresponded to parallel changes in ambient temperature. although survival calculated from parity rates measured longevity of both in ... | 1989 | 2566270 |
| application of a biochemical key to study transmission of malaria and bancroftian filariasis in sibling species of the anopheles gambiae complex in north-eastern tanzania. | a biochemical key was applied in order to study transmission of malaria and bancroftian filariasis in anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, an. arabiensis and an. merus in different localities in north-eastern tanzania. the technique was found to be a useful additional taxonomic tool for field entomologists. significant differences between species in the rate of infection with bancroftian filariasis were obtained between an. gambiae s.s. and an. funestus (p less than 0.005) and between an. funestus a ... | 1989 | 2575868 |
| loa loa and mansonella perstans filariasis in the chaillu mountains, congo: parasitological prevalence. | 1934 bantus and 379 pygmies were investigated for loa loa and mansonella perstans filariasis in 7 villages in the chaillu forest of the congo. bantus were more frequently infected with l. loa than pygmies (18.9% of microfilariae carriers compared with 10.6%). in individuals over 30 years of age, males were more frequently infected than females. microfilarial densities increased until the age of 20 years and then remained stable. parasite load was not significantly different in the two ethnic gro ... | 1989 | 2617607 |
| antigenic analysis of excretory-secretory products of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi infective larval forms by sds-page. | excretory-secretory (es) products of w. bancrofti and the closely related b. malayi infective larval forms were analysed for their antigenic activity by sds-page followed by western blotting as well as by gel elution-sandwich elisa using filarial serum immunoglobulin-g (fsigg) as a capture antibody. in w. bancrofti infective larval es products, the protein molecules of 66, 46, 35, 33, 30 and 14 kda molecular wt. showed antigenic activity by immuno blotting technique. in sandwich elisa technique ... | 1989 | 2633976 |
| differential recognition of loa loa antigens by sera of human subjects from a loiasis endemic zone. | somatic antigens of loa loa adult worms with molecular weights of 15-180 kda were identified by western blot analysis using sera from 3 categories of parasitologically and clinically defined subjects from a loiasis endemic zone. sera of occult, amicrofilaremic (ol), and 'resistant' individuals with no clinical signs of infection (r) reacted with an antigen of 160 kda; sera of highly microfilaremic individuals (ml) did not. ml sera strongly reacted with an antigen of 18 kda which was recognized o ... | 1989 | 2641644 |
| protective immunity in bancroftian filariasis. selective recognition of a 43-kd larval stage antigen by infection-free individuals in an endemic area. | there is little information about naturally occurring protective immunity in individuals living in areas endemic for lymphatic filariasis, though an immunologically hyperresponsive, uninfected group of "endemic normal" individuals that may be immune has been previously recognized. to analyze the nature of the hyperresponsiveness and its potential relation to a state of protective immunity in such individuals, strict clinical, parasitological, and serological criteria were applied to select seven ... | 1989 | 2642916 |
| clinical and laboratory aspects of filariasis. | human filarial infections afflict over 150 million persons worldwide and are major causes of morbidity in many developing countries. onchocerca volvulus infection is a leading preventable cause of blindness, while bancroftian and brugian filariasis may produce lymphatic obstruction of the genitalia and extremities (elephantiasis). definitive diagnosis of these helminthic infections currently depends on demonstration of microfilariae in host tissues, i.e., the skin in the case of o. volvulus and ... | 1989 | 2644023 |
| intraocular filariasis: a brief review. | fifty-six cases of human intraocular filariasis have been reported. in 6, the objects interpreted as filariae may have been artifacts. in 8, a motile worm that apparently was not a filaria was observed. in the remainder, a motile filaria or filaria-like worm was observed, but in only 6 cases were the filariae removed from the eye, described, and identified. three of these were identified as dipetalonema spp., and one each as wuchereria, dirofilaria, and loaina. in 10 cases, filariae were removed ... | 1989 | 2644857 |
| inappropriateness of the association of diphenhydramine with diethylcarbamazine for the treatment of lymphatic filariasis. | the efficacy of diphenhydramine, an antihistaminic, in preventing adverse reactions to diethylcarbamazine (dec) in patients infected with wuchereria bancrofti, was assessed by treating 50 patients with both drugs and 57 with dec alone. it was found to be ineffective, and to cause drowsiness in all those unaffected by adverse reactions. the authors conclude that the combined use of both drugs for the treatment of bancroftian filariasis, which is the usual practice in brazil, should be avoided. | 1989 | 2645415 |
| protective immunity in lymphatic filariasis. | 1989 | 2647512 | |
| fine structure and localization of anionic sites on the surface of microfilaria of wuchereria bancrofti. | the fine structure of the sheath and the cuticle of microfilaria of wuchereria bancrofti was analysed and the results obtained were compared with those from other filarial parasites. cationized ferritin particles bind to the surface of the sheath and the epicuticle. no binding of colloidal iron hydroxyde particles to the microfilaria surface was observed. reaction product indicative of carbohydrates containing vic-glycol groups was not observed in thin sections of microfilaria submitted to the p ... | 1989 | 2649230 |
| antibodies to phosphocholine-bearing antigens in lymphatic filariasis and changes following treatment with diethylcarbamazine. | sera from a total of 78 patients infected with wuchereria bancrofti or appropriate controls were assayed for anti-phosphocholine antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay (elisa), using phosphocholine as an antigen. anti-pc antibodies (both igm and igg) were observed in patients with all clinical forms of filariasis but, unexpectedly, were not significantly different from those of normal controls. among the filariasis patients, however, individuals with patent microfilaraemia had signif ... | 1989 | 2649285 |
| pulmonary eosinophilic syndromes. | 1989 | 2650585 | |
| filariasis. the scourge of india. | 1989 | 2651338 | |
| annual transmission potential of bancroftian filariasis in an urban and a rural area of west bengal, india. | the annual transmission potential of wuchereria bancrofti was calculated from the number of infective larvae found in the number of culex quinquefasciatus expected to bite an individual exposed 24 hr a day for a year in calcutta and in a rural (memari) area. in calcutta, an average of 151 mosquitoes/night/person were collected; it was calculated that 55,028 mosquitoes could bite a person per year, including an average of 177 infective mosquitoes containing 319 infective larvae of w. bancrofti. a ... | 1989 | 2653062 |
| microfilaria of wuchereria bancrofti in fine-needle aspirate from a colloid goiter. | 1989 | 2656143 | |
| gravid adult female worms of wuchereria bancrofti in fine needle aspirates of soft tissue swellings. report of three cases. | gravid adult female worms of wuchereria bancrofti were observed in fine needle aspirates of soft tissue swellings from three patients. an inguinal lymph node was aspirated in two cases, and a breast nodule was the site of aspiration in the third case. in one of the inguinal lymph node aspirates, two adult gravid female worms were identified. | 1989 | 2658448 |
| adult filarial worm in fine needle aspirate of an epididymal nodule. | 1989 | 2658449 | |
| [a survey of filariasis in the comoro islands, in great comoro and mohéli]. | the filariasis of w. bancrofti with nocturnal periodicity is, together with malaria, the principal endemic disease in the comoros islands. well studied on mayotte island, which remained a french territorial collectivity, its prevalence and distribution are less known in the grand comoros, anjouan and moheli islands which form the federal islamic republic of the comoros. the study of the nocturnal microfilariae in the grand comoros and moheli in 1987 is the opportunity to assess the situation of ... | 1989 | 2663209 |
| differential recognition of two cloned brugia malayi antigens by antibody class. | the humoral and cellular immune response to filarial parasites is complex. numerous studies have shown that antibodies to a large number of protein and non-protein antigens may be produced over the course of infection and that immune recognition of any given antigen may vary by disease manifestation and by immunoglobulin class. we have used the techniques of molecular cloning to attempt to dissect this complex interaction, and describe here two clones, isolated from an expression library constru ... | 1989 | 2664506 |
| filarial parasites exhibit unusually high levels of choline acetyltransferase activity. | the presence of unusually high levels of choline acetyltransferase (chat, ec 2.3.1.6) in human and animal filarial parasites has been demonstrated. the levels of chat were highest in male worms of brugia malayi and brugia pahangi, with specific activities in crude extracts of about 2.27 and 1.26 mumol min-1 (mg protein)-1, respectively. the enzyme levels in these worms were over 10-20 times higher than in male worms of litomosoides carinii. the chat levels were about 2-5 times higher in male tha ... | 1989 | 2664508 |
| [epidemiological surveillance of filariasis after its being basically eradicated in shandong province]. | this paper reports the results of epidemiological surveillance in areas where filariasis has been basically eradicated and control measures no longer adopted in shandong province. a 3-year longitudinal surveillance in 18 villages in 5 counties and a cross-sectional survey in 13 villages of 4 counties were carried out. the results showed that the average microfilaria rate was further reduced from 0.28% and 0.15% in 1980 to 0.19% and 0.05% in 1986, decreased by 32.1% and 66.7% respectively. 34.2% ... | 1989 | 2670312 |
| filariases. | it is apparent that there are many similarities among the various filariae. besides a common life cycle, with an arthropod vector and human hosts, there are similarities in the diseases that they produce. this clinical picture takes one of two main courses: (1) characteristic disease produced by the presence of adult nematodes in their target tissue, which distinguishes typical cases for each of the filariae, and (2) the systemic hypersensitivity reactions to the circulating microfilaria, which ... | 1989 | 2670375 |
| effectiveness of spaced doses of diethylcarbamazine citrate for the control of bancroftian filariasis. | forty-seven wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria carriers were treated once weekly for 12 weeks with 6 mg/kg dec-c. microfilaria densities ranged from 1 to 101 mf/20 cmm (mfd-50 of 9.75 mf/20 cmm) before treatment. of 42 persons who completed treatment, 26 (62%) were microfilaria negative in 1-ml venous blood samples. microfilaria densities in the 16 patients that remained positive ranged from 1 to 50 mf/ml (mfd-50 of 2.59 mf/ml). weekly spaced doses of dec-c resulted in a significant reduction in ... | 1989 | 2672282 |
| filarial ascites associated with carcinoma of the pancreas. | 1989 | 2672794 | |
| prevalence of bancroftian filariasis & its control by single course of diethyl carbamazine in a rural area in tamil nadu. | the prevalence of microfilaraemia, clinical spectrum of bancroftian filariasis and vector potential were studied in vettavalam village in north arcot district of tamil nadu. the effectiveness of selective therapy with diethyl carbamazine (dec) in controlling filariasis in rural areas was also evaluated. the prevalence of microfilaraemia (mf rate) and disease (disease rate) was found to be 11.7 and 11.09 per cent respectively. hydrocele was the dominant clinical sign in males and lymphoedema in f ... | 1989 | 2674003 |
| bancroftian filariasis in tambol na-sai, amphoe li, lamphun province: a preliminary survey for microfilaraemia. | a preliminary survey for bancroftian filariasis in villagers of ban prabat heuy tom, tambol na-sai, amphoe li, lamphun province was performed between july 12, 1986 and march 19, 1987. a total of 1,435 villagers comprising 668 females and 767 males were examined for microfilaraemia in peripheral blood. microfilariae were found in five males of which two cases were found to have developed hydrocele at a lesser degree and all of them had formerly resided in an endemic area of tak province. microfil ... | 1989 | 2674319 |
| uptake and development of wuchereria bancrofti in culex quinquefasciatus that fed on haitian carriers with different microfilaria densities. | in studies conducted between 1984 and 1986, the vector competency of culex quinquefasciatus was assessed after bloodfeeding on 61 haitian volunteers with different densities of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae (mf) and on 11 that were amicrofilaremic. infected volunteers included persons previously given diethylcarbamazine citrate for 12 consecutive days and some that were untreated. mosquitoes, derived from field-collected larvae, were released under bed nets and fed upon the volunteers while ... | 1989 | 2679171 |
| detection of a new focus of brugia malayi infection in orissa. | 526 people were surveyed in a village called chudamani, in balasore district of orissa, for detection of asymptomatic microfilaria (mf) carriers. of these 36 (6.8 per cent) were cases found to harbour mf; 19 cases had brugia malayi, 4 wuchereria bancrofti and 5 cases had mixed infection. in 8 cases, species could not be ascertained. for the first time after 1955, a focus of b. malayi has been detected in orissa. | 1989 | 2681391 |
| wb e34 monoclonal antibody: further characterization and diagnostic use in bancroftian filariasis. | the wb e34 monoclonal antibody raised against wuchereria bancrofti microfilarial excretory secretory (mf es) antigen was reported to be useful in detecting the filarial antigen in w. bancrofti and brugia malayi infected sera. further studies in this laboratory showed that this monoclonal antibody reacts with a stage-specific antigen of w. bancrofti filarial parasite. wb e34 identified three antigenic components with molecular weights, 55, 57.5, and 63 kilodaltons (kd) in western blot analysis. t ... | 1989 | 2681621 |
| tropical pulmonary eosinophilia: analysis of antifilarial antibody localized to the lung. | acute tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (tpe) is characterized by wheezing, pulmonary infiltrates, marked peripheral blood eosinophilia, and very high serum levels of filaria-specific antibodies. to evaluate the amount and character of the filaria-specific antibodies in the lungs in this disorder, bronchoalveolar lavage was carried out in individuals with acute tpe, in normal subjects, and in patients with elephantiasis or asthma. striking elevations of total ige were found in the lower respirator ... | 1989 | 2685125 |
| fractionation, characterization and diagnostic potential of filarial antigens isolated from hydrocoele fluid in bancroftian filariasis. | filarial antigen was isolated from hydrocoele fluid and fractionated on ultrogel aca 44. six protein fractions (hfa c1 to hfa c6) were chromatographically separated from the column. of the 4 antigenic fractions (hfa c1, hfa c2, hfa c3 and hfa c5), hfa c3 was a major reactive fraction with filarial serum immunoglobulin g. analysis of hfa c3 by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) yielded 18 bands of mr 18,000-160,000. two fractions, hfa c3-7 and hfa c3-9 of mr 48, ... | 1989 | 2690421 |
| bancroftian filariasis in pondicherry, south india: 1. pre-control epidemiological observations. | a 5-year integrated vector management (ivm) project was implemented in pondicherry, south india, for the control of bancroftian filariasis. the efficacy of the ivm strategy was compared with routine control strategy under the national programme. the present paper describes the pre-control epidemiological features of filariasis as determined by a mass blood survey in 1981. of 24946 persons examined 8.41% were microfilaraemic. microfilaraemia prevalence was homogeneous throughout the study area. t ... | 1989 | 2691269 |
| bancroftian filariasis in pondicherry, south india: 2. epidemiological evaluation of the effect of vector control. | this article examines the evaluation of a bancroftian filariasis control programme undertaken in pondicherry from 1981-5. integrated vector management was applied in one half of the town, and routine operations under the national programme (larviciding and chemotherapy) continued in the comparison area. the programme was evaluated by monitoring relative change in the epidemiological statistics of both populations. the results indicate that there was significant reduction in prevalence of microfi ... | 1989 | 2691270 |
| control of bancroftian filariasis by diethylcarbamazine medicated common salt in karaikal, pondicherry, india. | a trial of diethylcarbamazine (dec) mixed in crystal common salt at a concentration of 0.15 to 0.2 per cent was carried out for 46 months (1982 to 1986) in karaikal town and five commune panchayats of pondicherry for control of bancroftian filariasis. comparison of pre and post trial surveys showed 97.6 per cent reduction of microfilaria rate. no microfilaria or disease case was found in less than 5 years age group in the post trial survey. there was about 72 per cent reduction of disease rate. ... | 1989 | 2693530 |
| microfilaraemia, serum antibody and development of clinical disease in microfilaraemic subjects infected with wuchereria bancrofti and treated with diethylcarbamazine citrate. | a seroepidemiological survey of bancroftian filariasis was carried out in 2 townships in sri lanka with the objectives of determining the microfilaraemia rates, dependence on age and sex, susceptibility to re-infection, effect of diethylcarbamazine therapy on serum antibodies to microfilarial surface antigens, and the predictive value of the indirect fluorescent antibody test. the mean microfilaraemia rate was 5.4%. microfilaraemia was not sex-dependent but a marginally elevated incidence was se ... | 1989 | 2694470 |
| vector competency of culex quinquefasciatus (haitian strain) following infection with wuchereria bancrofti. | 1989 | 2694503 | |
| estimation of age-specific rates of acquisition and loss of wuchereria bancrofti infection. | this study uses a reversible catalytic model to estimate the age-specific rates of gain and loss of wuchereria bancrofti infection from data collected during a control programme in pondicherry, south india. the data describe the infection status in 1981 and 1986 of two cohorts of individuals, one living in an area where vector reduction had been achieved, and the other in a comparable endemic area. the rate of loss of infection in the absence of reinfection is estimated for the cohort in the con ... | 1989 | 2694504 |
| a simple deterministic model for host-parasite relationship in wuchereria bancrofti infection & its relevance to parasite regulation in human host. | a deterministic immigration-death model, which reflects the population dynamics of w. bancrofti in human host has been applied to study the relationship between vector and human infections. application of the model showed that the rate of acquisition and loss of human infection were approximately equal (l = 0.130 and m = 0.129). the relationship of infective resting density (ird) in vector population with maximum intensity (imax) of infections and microfilaria prevalence (mfp) in human populatio ... | 1989 | 2695460 |
| detection of wuchereria bancrofti antigen in serum and finger prick blood samples by enzyme immunoassay: field evaluation. | we have recently reported that a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay for detection of filarial antigen in human serum is sensitive and specific for active infection with wuchereria bancrofti. the present studies were undertaken to assess the feasibility of testing whole blood collected by finger prick in this assay. a preliminary study was performed to compare antigen test results obtained with whole blood, blood dried on filter paper, and serum. results obtained with anticoagulated who ... | 1989 | 2696080 |
| specific detection of human antibodies to onchocerca volvulus. | specific diagnosis of antibodies to onchocerca was achieved through (1) the construction of direct and indirect elisa systems, and (2) restricting elisa assays to the igg4 class. the direct elisa was based on the isolation of a surface derived, low molecular weight surface antigen preparation containing two main antigens (m. wt. 16.2 and 12.8 kda) as defined by western blot analysis. the direct elisa system detected antibodies in children of six years old, and may therefore be applicable to dete ... | 1989 | 2696081 |
| further evidence of a skewed distribution of microfilariae in capillary blood. | reported are results for 23 haitian patients with capillary wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremias greater than 30 mf/20 cmm blood. in capillary blood, the number of microfilariae was 0.9 to 7.8 times greater than expected when compared with that in venous blood. when the values for venous blood and capillary blood from these high count patients were plotted, the simple linear regression y = a + bx (r2 = .36) and the exponential function y = aebx (r2 = .34) both represented the relationship. howev ... | 1989 | 2696082 |
| relationship of c3 & c4 levels with filarial immune complexes in bancroftian filariasis. | c3 and c4 levels were determined by radial immuno-diffusion technique and filarial circulating immune-complexes by anti-c3 elisa in microfilaraemic individuals and patients with clinical filariasis. decreased levels of c3 and c4 were observed in both groups of filarial patients. low levels of complement components were associated with low levels of circulating immune complexes. | 1989 | 2697689 |
| [further study on in vitro culture of third-stage larvae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi]. | this paper reported on improved in vitro culture system of human lymphatic filarial larvae. four culture systems were used. third-stage larvae of brugia malayi were best maintained, developing and molted twice in the medium containing modified rpmi-1640 medium, supplemented with 20% newborn calf serum and human embryonic kidney cell line as feeder layer. this culture system kept larvae alive up to 54 days. brugia malayi third-stage larvae began to moult on the 8-10th day and again on the 32-36th ... | 1989 | 2699281 |
| [assessment of intracutaneous test in longitudinal surveillance for lymphatic filariasis]. | in order to evaluate the usefulness of intracutaneous test (it) in longitudinal surveillance of filariasis, two administrative villages selected from queshan county, henan province of china, endemic for wuchereria bancrofti, were surveyed in 1982, 1983 and 1987 respectively, by it with antigen fpt derived from dirofilaria immitis. the result showed that the original level of it to antigen fpt in the population was consistent with the data of either etiological or entomological investigation befo ... | 1989 | 2699282 |
| epidemiology of bancroftian filariasis in a semi-urban community of kerala state. | a community-based longitudinal study was initiated in 1983 in a semi-urban area, endemic for bancroftian filariasis to determine the incidence and prevalence, natural history and clinical pattern of filarial infection and also to study the impact of control measures on it. the base-line filariometric indices observed during the initial clinico-parasitological survey and entomological observations made during the first 12 months of this study are highlighted in this paper. 5.5 per cent of the exa ... | 1989 | 2700479 |
| filariasis control in rural areas through detection and treatment with diethylcarbamazine. | a pilot study for control of bancroftian filariasis through detection and treatment of microfilaria (mf) carriers and filaria disease cases with diethylcarbamazine (dec) undertaken in the rural areas of srikakulam and vizianagaram of andhra pradesh showed that this chemotherapeutic method of control of filaria in rural areas is feasible and acceptable to society. during first round of detection and treatment 20,300 mf carriers (90.6 per cent of detected) and 6,588 disease persons (86 per cent of ... | 1989 | 2700480 |
| onchocerca volvulus heat shock protein 70 is a major immunogen in amicrofilaremic individuals from a filariasis-endemic area. | infestation with organisms causing lymphatic filariasis (i.e. wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi) results in a variety of clinical presentations. it is possible that some of the variation is due to differences in host response to parasite. to determine whether individuals who live in an endemic area but differ in their clinical manifestations respond to different filarial antigens, we screened onchocerca volvulus expression libraries with sera from a number of individuals belonging to differ ... | 1989 | 2704388 |
| [a study of ivermectin in the treatment of lymphatic filariasis due to wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica in french polynesia]. | forty carriers of 20 or more w. bancrofti var. pacifica per ml were blind administered ivermectin at 50, 100, 150 or 200 mcg/kg doses. the rate of successful treatment was 100% with the 4 dosages. the percentage cure rate and the decrease percentage in the microfilarial count were significantly higher in persons treated with 100, 150 and 200 mcg/kg than in persons treated with 50 mcg/kg. frequency and intensity of side-reactions were similar to those observed during treatment with dec; they were ... | 1989 | 2743520 |
| antibodies in human filariasis sera react with diethylcarbamazine. | we demonstrate by an elisa the presence of antibodies in human filarial sera that react with diethylcarbamazine (dec); they appear to be primarily filarial antibodies cross-reacting with dec skeleton, since affinity-purified dec antibodies strongly react with wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae. these observations indicate a possible antigenic mimicry between the drug and some parasite component. | 1989 | 12412752 |
| protective immune responses with trickle infections of third-stage filarial larvae of wuchereria bancrofti in mice. | groups of inbred balb/c mice were immunized with trickle doses of 20 live third-stage larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti each subcutaneously or with 150 microg of sonicated microfilarial antigens emulsified in freund's adjuvant intramuscularly. an antibody response was distinctly seen after seven trickle doses of l3 and following with the sonicated microfilarial immunization. due to the non-permissive nature of inbred mice to w. bancrofti infections, a novel immunization approach was adopted us ... | 1989 | 12412764 |
| rapid diagnosis of brugia malayi and wuchereria bancrofti filariasis by an acridine orange/microhematocrit tube technique. | a microhematocrit tube technique for diagnosis of human filariasis has been previously described. a system incorporating heparin, edta, and acridine orange into a microhematocrit tube (quantitative blood count, qbc) has been commercially developed for the quantitation of blood counts and has been used for the diagnosis of malaria. we evaluated this test for its usefulness in the diagnosis of filariasis. upon centrifugation, the parasites were concentrated in the area of the buffy coat and could ... | 1990 | 1690798 |
| filariasis eradication on kinmen proper, kinmen (quemoy) islands, republic of china. | a control program for bancroftian filariasis was conducted on kinmen proper from 1970 to 1982. the combined method of mass chemotherapy with diethylcarbamazine (dec) for microfilarial carriers and larvicide with sumithion for mosquitoes was used on the island for 3 years (1974-76). the microfilarial rate and microfilarial density decreased from 8.4% and 14.6/20 microns in 1970-73 to 0.7% and 5.3/20 microns in 1976. the infection rate, infective rate, and larval density of culex quinquefasciatus, ... | 1990 | 1971493 |
| interaction of monoclonal antibodies with cuticular antigens of filarial parasites, brugia malayi and wuchereria bancrofti. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) have been prepared against excretory-secretory-metabolic (esm) antigens of microfilariae (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti (wbmfesm) and against third stage larvae (l3) of brugia malayi (bml3), and purified from ascites fluids with ammonium sulphate. both antibodies were of the igm type and did not react with phosphorycholine. the mab against bml3 (f46) reacted in elisa with antigens of l3 of b. malayi, b. pahangi and w. bancrofti and of adults of b. malayi. the mab raise ... | 1990 | 1978538 |
| the occurrence of loiasis, mansonellosis and wuchereriasis in the jarawa river valley, central nigeria. | in a study to assess the status of filariasis in the jarawa river valley of the savanna area of nigeria, 940 self-selected residents from 10 villages were examined between march 1984 and april 1987. overall results showed 105 (11.2%) had microfilaraemia and/or clinical signs of filariasis. sixty-four (6.8%) and 20 (2.1%) persons, respectively, were infected with mansonella perstans and loa loa microfilariae (mff). four of the 28 villagers examined had wuchereria bancrofti mff in their night bloo ... | 1990 | 1980569 |
| epidemiology of brugia malayi infection and its co-existence with wuchereria bancrofti in and around sillaberia phc, district midnapur, west bengal. | of 2186 persons investigated in thirteen villages of sillaberia phc, 19 were found to be infected with brugia malayi and only one person harboured microfilaria (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti. similarly 41 persons exhibited signs and symptoms of chronic filariasis. the mf and disease rates percent worked out to be 0.914 and 1.87 respectively. the earliest ages showing mf and disease manifestations were 3 and 11 respectively. the mean mf density ranged from 2 to 12.2 per 20 cumm of blood. the male a ... | 1990 | 1983013 |
| prevalence of wuchereria bancrofti infection in some coastal villages of ganjam, orissa. | the endemicity of filariasis was assessed in 42 villages of coastal keluapalli phc in ganjam district of orissa. prevalence was found to vary greatly between extreme coastal and subcoastal villages. the infection was non existent in 12 coastal villages. age and sexwise distribution of filariasis cases have been analysed and presented. | 1990 | 1983014 |
| a direct fluorescence technique for the rapid detection of sheathed microfilariae in blood smears. | thick and thin blood smears containing microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti, loa loa, brugia malayi, brugia pahangi, brugia patei or acanthocheilonema viteae were prepared from either cryopreserved blood samples or from freshly collected blood, fixed in methanol and treated with a fluoresceinated lectin wheat germ agglutinin. sheathed microfilariae of w. bancrofti, l. loa, b. malayi, b. pahangi and b. patei in the blood smears could be easily detected and counted using a fluorescence assay. the ... | 1990 | 2074139 |
| a highly specific and sensitive monoclonal antibody-based elisa for the detection of circulating antigen in bancroftian filariasis. | a monoclonal antibody, og4c3, directed against antigens of onchocerca gibsoni (but not phosphorylcholine) has been used in a sandwich elisa to detect a circulating antigen of wuchereria bancrofti in human serum. the interfering effect of host antibody was reduced by first boiling one part of serum for 5 min in the presence of three parts of 0.1 m na2edta, ph 4.0. a total of 119 sera from individuals and 8 pooled sera from clinically and/or parasitologically defined cases of filariasis, plus 8 in ... | 1990 | 2075384 |
| a single diethylcarbamazine dose for treatment of wuchereria bancrofti carriers in french polynesia: efficacy and side effects. | in the fall of 1988, 14 tahitian wuchereria bancrofti carriers were treated by a single diethylcarbamazine (dec) 3 mg/kg dose. determination of blood microfilarial (mf) density was carried out on days 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 180 using the membrane filtration technique. clinical signs and side effects were noted during the 3 days following treatment. complete clearance of microfilaremia was observed in two carriers (negativation rate 14%). a decrease of mf density was noted in all of the 14 carriers ... | 1990 | 2075489 |
| antibodies to microfilarial sheath in bancroftian filariasis--prevalence and characterization. | antibodies directed towards the sheaths of microfilariae have been implicated in the elimination of circulating microfilariae, both in experimental and human filariasis. in the present study antisheath antibodies have been detected in human sera by indirect immunoperoxidase assay (ipa) using fixed wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae as antigen. one hundred and eighteen sera collected from an area endemic for bancroftian filariasis were tested. while 80% of sera from microfilariae carriers had no ... | 1990 | 2076039 |
| the filaria litomosoides galizai in mites; microfilarial distribution in the host and regulation of the transmission. | the mites, bdellonyssus bacoti, are engorged on rodents having 800 to 60,000 microfilarie/10 mm3 blood. quantitation of l. galizai larval development shows that an additional blood meal improves development and that high microfilaremiae do not result in a proportional increase in the number of infective larvae. the first important stage of transmission regulation occurs during ingestion of microfilariae: the numbers of ingested microfilariae are lower than expected in cases of high microfilaremi ... | 1990 | 2085265 |
| [indirect immunofluorescence in filariasis. ii. humoral response in a population living close to a patient with confirmed wuchereria bancrofti (nematoda: filarioidea), cuba, 1983]. | this paper deals with the study by knott technique, membrane filter and indirect immunofluorescence, of 256 individuals living in pinar del rio city, neighbors of a patient suffering elephantiasis produced by wuchereria bancrofti, 111 donors of the blood bank in the same city, and 10 patients coming from endemic areas who were hospitalized at the "pedro kouri" tropical medicine institute, with certainty diagnosis of bancroftiasis. circulating microfilariae were not found in the neighbors of the ... | 1990 | 2089511 |
| frequency distribution of lymphatic filariasis microfilariae in human populations: population processes and statistical estimation. | this paper uses simple mathematical models and statistical estimation techniques to analyse the frequency distribution of microfilariae (mf) in blood samples from human populations which are endemic for lymphatic filariasis. the theoretical analysis examines the relationship between microfilarial burdens and the prevalence of adult (macrofilarial) worms in the human host population. the main finding is that a large proportion of observed mf-negatives may be 'true' zeros, arising from the absence ... | 1990 | 2092297 |
| frequency distribution of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in human populations and its relationships with age and sex. | this paper examines the effects of host age and sex on the frequency distribution of wuchereria bancrofti infections in the human host. microfilarial counts from a large data base on the epidemiology of bancroftian filariasis in pondicherry, south india are analysed. frequency distributions of microfilarial counts divided by age are successfully described by zero-truncated negative binomial distributions, fitted by maximum likelihood. parameter estimates from the fits indicate a significant tren ... | 1990 | 2092298 |
| [on the transmission role of residual microfilaremia cases in the area with filariasis virtually eradicated]. | the transmission role of the residual microfilaremia cases was studied in pingle village, liangqing township, yongning county where bancroftian filariasis had been virtually eradicated during 1984-1988. the results indicated that after the microfilarial rate of the human population met the criterion of elimination of filariasis, namely below 1% of the total population in all the administrative villages, and the average density of microfilaria being around 5 per 60 microliters peripheral blood, s ... | 1990 | 2095997 |
| effects of untreated bed nets on the transmission of plasmodium falciparum, p. vivax and wuchereria bancrofti in papua new guinea. | the impact of untreated bed nets on the transmission of human malaria and filariasis in a village in a hyperendemic area of papua new guinea was studied. in anopheline mosquitoes, the plasmodium falciparum sporozoite antigen positivity rate, filarial infection rates and human blood indices dropped significantly after bed nets were introduced. this reduction in human-vector contact did not affect mosquito density as no significant difference in either landing rates or indoor resting catches was f ... | 1990 | 2096502 |
| effect of two successive annual treatments with single doses of ivermectin on microfilaraemia due to wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica. | between 1986 and 1988 a single-blind, dose-ranging study was carried out in french polynesia to determine the efficacy and tolerability of single 50, 100, 150 and 200 micrograms/kg doses of ivermectin in wuchereria bancrofti carriers. forty male microfilariae (mf) carriers between 18 and 50 years of age, in whom mf density was greater than or equal to 20 mf/ml, were treated twice at a one-year interval. twelve months after the second treatment, in carriers who were given a dose greater than or e ... | 1990 | 2096518 |
| [epidemiological survey on patients with advanced filariasis in shandong province with bancroftian filariasis basically eliminated]. | this paper reports on the incidence of advanced filariasis after basic elimination of bancroftian filariasis since 1983 in shandong province. investigation was carried out in a population of 166,776 between 1984 and 1988 in 252 villages of teng xian and other 5 counties/cities, the erstwhile highly endemic areas. a total of 1,038 filariasis patients were found with an average incidence of 0.6%. among them, 383 were with elephantiasis, 357 with chyluria and 298 with hydrocele. 902 cases (86.9%) w ... | 1990 | 2099251 |
| [interactions between filaria worms and insect-vectors]. | 1990 | 2099265 | |
| excretory/secretory antigens from a bovine filarial parasite cross react with human antifilarial antibodies. | certain excretory/secretory proteins released by adult females of the bovine filarial parasite, setaria digitata, along with the release of microfilariae when chromatographically analysed has three major protein fractions of molecular weights 70 kd (esf1), 16.5 kd (esf2) and 11 kd (esf3). of these esf2 and esf3 cross reacted with antibodies from wuchereria bancrofti infected humans. esf2 was more specific and accurate in detecting human filarial infection. similar proteins secreted by human fila ... | 1990 | 2099327 |
| assessment of intradermal test in longitudinal surveillance of bancroftian filariasis. | longitudinal surveillance was carried out consecutively during 1982-1987 in two pilot villages where bancroftian filariasis was prevalent in different severity before 1982. intradermal test (it) with filaria polypeptide (fpt) antigen prepared from dirofilaria immitis was made. it was shown that the level of immediate hypersensitivity reaction to the antigen in population as shown by it appeared to be directly proportional to both the prevalence of the disease and the infection rate of mosquitoes ... | 1990 | 2112439 |
| comparison of dot-elisa with sandwich elisa in detecting circulating antigen in patients with bancroftian filariasis. | dot-elisa assay was compared with standard sandwich elisa in detecting parasite antigen in sera from patients with bancroftian filariasis. the same monoclonal antibody and the same serum samples were used in both assays. with dot-elisa, 67 of 70 serum samples from microfilaremic patients were positive at a dilution of 1:50. end titers ranged from 1:80 to 1:1 280. while with sandwich elisa, 64 of the 70 serum samples were positive at a dilution of 1:10. end titers ranged from 1:10 to 1:320. the s ... | 1990 | 2123770 |
| a technique for microfilarial detection in preserved blood using nuclepore filters. | nuclepore filtration is now the most widely used method of detecting microfilaremia, particularly if microfilariae are few in number. however, this system requires the blood sample to be processed promptly after collection. using blood from wuchereria bancrofti-infected patients, 3 solutions were tested to determine whether blood could be held for delayed processing. of these, we identified 1, 2% formalin/10% teepol, in which microfilaremic blood can be held for at least 9 mo without deteriorati ... | 1990 | 2123924 |
| specific and cross-reacting antibodies in human responses to onchocerca volvulus and dracunculus medinensis infections. | immunoelectroblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to identify non-cross-reacting antigenic components of dracunculus medinensis and the filarial worms onchocerca volvulus, loa loa, wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi, and mansonella ozzardi. parasite specific serodiagnostic elisa systems for onchocerciasis and dracunculiasis were devised based on these findings. phosphate buffered saline extracts of adult worms were passed through a column of monoclonal antibodies to phosphor ... | 1990 | 2138430 |
| immunocytochemical localization of surface antigens in microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti. | antigenic sites were localized on the surface structure (sheath and cuticle) of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti using sera from microfilaraemic and amicrofilaraemic patients using antibodies associated to colloidal gold particles and transmission electron microscopy. no labeling was observed on the surface of intact parasites. microfilariae without the sheath and isolated sheath were obtained by ultrasound treatment. using these preparations labeling of the inner portion of the sheath was ... | 1990 | 2178771 |
| evaluation of medium supplements for in vitro cultivation of wuchereria bancrofti. | third-stage larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti molt to the fourth stage in an in vitro culture medium composed of nctc 135 and iscove's modified dulbecco's medium (1:1; v/v) supplemented with 10% human serum and a mixture of anti-bacterial and anti-mycotic agents. in the present investigation this culture medium was used to examine the effects of different concentrations of human serum, medium supplements, and serum replacements on larval growth, development, and molting. several medium supplem ... | 1990 | 2181107 |
| a controlled trial of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine in lymphatic filariasis. | ivermectin is a new antifilarial drug that can be given in a single oral dose. to compare the efficacy and side effects of ivermectin with those of diethylcarbamazine, the standard antifilarial treatment, we conducted a randomized, double-blind trial in 40 south indian men with lymphatic filariasis caused by wuchereria bancrofti. patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: a single low dose of ivermectin (mean [+/- se], 21.3 +/- 0.7 micrograms per kilogram of body weight; n = 13) ... | 1990 | 2181312 |