Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| linkage relationships in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides. | the linkage relationships in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides , between nine enzymatic loci (mdh-1, ipo, beta-glu, pept-1, pept-3, est-5, est-1, 6pgdh-2 and hk) and a coleoptile pigment locus (rc) were investigated. chromosome locations of genes were inferred from analysis of ditelocentric lines of triticum aestivum, cultivar chinese spring. the loci mdh-b1 and hk are linked (lambda = 0.1869) and are most likely located on the chromosome 1b. the loci pept-b1 and rc are linked (lambda = 0.2 ... | 1986 | 17246352 |
| comparison of iaa-induced and low temperature-induced ga(3) responsiveness and alpha-amylase production by ga(3) insensitive dwarf wheat aleurone. | rht3-containing gibberellic acid (ga(3)) insensitive deembryonated wheat (triticum aestivum l. var cappelle desprez x minister dwarf) aleurone, that can be made responsive to ga(3) by low temperature, can also be rendered ga(3) sensitive by preincubation with indoleacetic acid (iaa). the iaa-induced response of the dwarf selection is concentration-dependent, relatively sensitive, and similar in magnitude to that induced by low temperature. other auxins also induce ga(3) responsiveness to a great ... | 1986 | 16665092 |
| latent nonstructural differentiation among homologous chromosomes at the diploid level: chromosome 6b of aegilops longissima. | previous work has shown that chromosome pairing at metaphase i (mi) of wheat homologous chromosomes from different inbred lines (heterohomologous chromosomes) is reduced relative to that between homologous chromosomes within an inbred line (euhomologous chromosomes). in order to determine if a potential for this phenomenon exists in diploid species closely related to the wheat b genome, mi chromosome pairing was investigated between euhomologous and heterohomologous 6b(e) (=6s(e)) chromosomes, e ... | 1986 | 17246349 |
| molecular analysis of γ-gliadin gene families at the complex gli-1 locus of bread wheat (t. aestivum l.). | a cdna clone (ptag1436) carrying a complete coding sequence for a γ-gliadin polypeptide has been identified and sequenced. by hybridisation to size fractionated poly a(+) rna from wheat nullisomic-tetrasomic lines, homologous transcripts from the gli-a1, gli-b1 and gli-d1 loci were identified. these mrnas differed from those complementary to a low molecular weight (lmw) glutenin cdna clone. hybridization of ptag1436 to digested wheat dna produced a pattern of fragments unrelated to that obtained ... | 1986 | 24248211 |
| biochemical evidence of homoeology between triticum aestivum and agropyron intermedium chromosomes. | the alcohol dehydrogenase (adh), phosphoglucose mutase (pgm), glucosephosphate isomerase (gpi), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (got), malate dehydrogenase (mdh), leaf esterases (estl), leaf acid (acph) and endosperm alkaline (phe) phosphatases, leaf peroxidases (perl) zymogram phenotypes of triticum aestivum, agropyron intermedium, triticum aestivum - agropyron intermedium octoploids and six agropyron intermedium chromosome additions to triticum aestivum and two ditelocentric addition lines w ... | 1986 | 24248208 |
| variation in amounts of pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase, and some other enzymes of the c(4) pathway in some wheat species. | first leaves and flag leaves of the wheat species triticum aestivum cv anza (6x), t. boeoticum boiss (2x) l. were examined for content of pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (ppdk), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc), and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubpc) by protein blot analyses using antibodies to maize leaf enzymes and by activity assays. in agreement with previous reports, the amount of rubpc per mesophyll cell was about 3 times more in the hexaploid species, t. aestivum, than ... | 1986 | 16665030 |
| sucrose synthase activity in developing wheat endosperms differing in maximum weight. | past research on kernel growth in wheat (triticum aestivum) has shown that the kernel itself largely regulates the influx of sucrose for consequent starch synthesis in the endosperm of the grain. the first step in the conversion of sucrose to starch is catalyzed by sucrose synthase (ec 2.4.13). sucrose synthase activity was assayed in developing endosperms from kernels differing in growth rate and in maximum dry weight accumulation. from 10 to 22 days after anthesis, sucrose synthase activity pe ... | 1986 | 16665025 |
| gene-dosage compensation of endosperm proteins in hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum. | several aneuploid lines and one intervarietal substitution line of the hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum (2n = 6x = 42; genomes aabbdd) cv. chinese spring were used to study the effects of different doses of chromosomes 1b, 1d, or 1a on the amount of the high molecular weight ("hmw") glutenins and gliadins of endosperm. these homeologous chromosomes carry hmw glutenin and gliadin gene clusters on their long and short arms, respectively. increasing the dosage of chromosome 1b of chinese spring in ... | 1986 | 16593753 |
| effect of illumination on the redox state of cytochrome c oxidase in wheat leaves in vivo. | the redox states of cytochrome a 3 in wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l.), in light and in the dark were monitored by its reaction with co, which resulted in the stimulation of the in vivo reduction of nitrate to nitrite by nitrate reductase under aerobic conditions. illumination of the leaves for 10 min markedly stimulated the steady state reduction of cytochrome a 3, probably associated with a decreased energization of the mitochondria in light. in the dark, during steady state respiration of ... | 1986 | 24248241 |
| determination of amylase activity in serum by using a wheat germ inhibitor with the du pont aca. | a rapid procedure for determining salivary- and pancreatic-type amylase (ec 3.2.1.1) in serum by incorporating a wheat germ inhibitor (from triticum aestivum) was developed for the du pont aca iv analyzer. under optimal assay conditions, activities of salivary and pancreatic amylase were inhibited by 93% and 19%, respectively. the 95% central reference interval for the percentage of inhibition of serum amylase was 38-84%. patients with acute pancreatitis showed less than 26% inhibition of amylas ... | 1986 | 2426009 |
| genetics of yellow berry in wheat (triticum aestivum). | the inheritance of yellow berry, a grain disorder in durum and bread wheats, was studied in six intervarietal crosses in bread wheat. the trait was found to be controlled by either two or three dominant genes. monosomic analysis using 'chinese spring' monosomic series showed the presence of two major dominant genes on chromosomes 1a and 7a, and four modifiers on 4a, 4b, 6a and 6d, which influence the expression of yellow berry in bread wheat. | 1986 | 24248030 |
| genetic control of grain yield and its related traits in bread wheat. | genetic control of tiller number, grain number, grain weight, harvest index and grain yield in six generations, along with the biparentals, f3s, f2xparental progeny, and f2xf1 progeny were investigated in an intervarietal cross of bread wheat involving two highly competitive varieties, 'wl711' and 'hd 2009'. the performance of f1, b1, b2, f2, × p1, f2 × p2 and f2 × f1 progeny was midway between the parents involved with respect to all the evaluated characters. the biparental progeny excelled the ... | 1986 | 24248028 |
| acid carboxypeptidases in grains and leaves of wheat, triticum aestivum l. | extracts of resting and germinating (3 days at 20 degrees c) wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv ruso) grains rapidly hydrolyzed various benzyloxycarbonyldipeptides (z-dipeptides) at ph 4 to 6. similar activities were present in extracts of mature flag leaves. fractionation by chromatography on cm-cellulose and on sephadex g-200 showed that the activities in germinating grains were due to five acid carboxypeptidases with different and complementary substrate specificities. the wheat enzymes appeared ... | 1986 | 16664910 |
| regulation of mesophyll photosynthesis in intact wheat leaves by cytoplasmic phosphate concentrations. | the effect of d-(+)-mannose, inorganic phosphate (pi) and mannose-6-phosphate on net mesophyll co2 assimilation rate (a) and stomatal conductance (gs) of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves was studied. the compounds were supplied through the transpiration stream of detached leaves from plants grown in sand in growth cabinets or glasshouses, with different concentrations of pi (0.25, 1.0 and 4.0 mm) supplied during growth. in all cases, 10 mm d-(+)mannose caused 40-60% reduction of a within 30 m ... | 1986 | 24232022 |
| changes in adenine nucleotides and energy charge in isolated winter wheat cells during low temperature stress. | adenylate energy charge (aec) and adenine nucleotide levels of isolated winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv kharkov 22 mc) cells exposed to various low temperature stresses were determined. during ice encasement at -1 degrees c, nucleotide levels decreased gradually in approximate relation to a decline in cell viability. aec values remained high even after 5 weeks of icing when cell viability was severely reduced. when isolated cell suspensions were exposed to various cooling and freezing regi ... | 1986 | 16664821 |
| genetic control of the mitochondrial form of superoxide dismutase in hexaploid wheat. | extracts of mature grains of a large number of aneuploid derivatives of triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring and of the members of five wheat-alien chromosome addition series were subjected to isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels in order to study the genetic control of superoxide dismutase (sod). evidence was obtained that homologous structural genes for the mitochondrial form of sod are located in the long arms of the homologous group 2 chromosomes of chinese spring and in chromosome 2r ... | 1986 | 3741368 |
| postanthesis nitrate assimilation in winter wheat : in situ flag leaf reduction. | when adequate levels of soil no(3) (-) are available, concurrent no(3) (-) absorption and assimilation, and mobilization of vegetative n reserves accumulated prior to anthesis, may be used to supply n to developing wheat (triticum aestivum l.) kernels. vegetative wheat components (stems, leaves, spike) are known to possess no(3) (-) reductase activity, but the in situ utilization of no(3) (-) translocated to the shoot has not been studied. assimilation and partitioning of (15)n was determined in ... | 1986 | 16664769 |
| genes encoding α-amylase inhibitors are located in the short arms of chromosomes 3b, 3d and 6d of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | three α-amylase inhibitors, designated inh. i, ii and iii have been purified from the 70% ethanol extract of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and characterized by amino acid analysis, n-terminal amino acid sequencing and enzyme inhibition tests. inhibitors i and iii have identical n-terminal sequences and inhibitory properties to those of the previously described 0.19/0.53 group of dimeric inhibitors. inhibitor ii has an n-terminal sequence which is identical to that of the previously desc ... | 1986 | 24247781 |
| genetic control of heading date and spikelet number in common wheat (t. aestivum l.) line 'noa'. | the phenology and build-up of spikelet number under 10 h day-length were studied in five wheat lines: the multispikelet line 'noa', the regular line 'mara', the f1 hybrid between them and monosomics 2d of 'mara' and of this hybrid (lacking the 2d chromosome of 'mara'). 'noa' had a longer spike development phase, a higher initial number of spikelet primordia and a slower rate of spikelet production than 'mara'. the f1 hybrid was similar to 'noa' in its high initial number of spikelets and to 'mar ... | 1986 | 24247780 |
| cytoplasmic effects on the tissue culture response of wheat (triticum aestivum) callus. | calli were initiated from immature embryos of eight lines of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nuclear donor 'chinese spring' and seven alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera triticum and aegilops. the calli were found to differ in their initial growth rates, their sensitivity to 2,4-d and their ability to organise shoot primordia, demonstrating that the cytoplasm can significantly affect the behaviour of tissues ... | 1986 | 24247774 |
| protein inhibitors of microbial proteinases from wheat, rye and triticale. | specific protein inhibitors of microbial serine proteinases were isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum l.), rye (secale cereale l.) and triticale using affinity chromatography on subtilisin-sepharose 4b. the wheat inhibitor had an isoelectric point (pi) at ph 7.2, while the rye inhibitor consisted of two forms with pi values of 6.8 and 7.1. in triticale, two components were present with pis 7.2 and 6.8. all the inhibitors had m r values of approx. 20 000. the isolated proteins were effective in ... | 1986 | 24240378 |
| wheat specific repetitive dna sequences - construction and characterization of four different genomic clones. | the construction and molecular analysis of four recombinant clones - pta1, pta2, pta7, and pta8 - is described. the four clones contain different highly repeated sequences of genomic dna from triticum aestivum variety 'chinese spring'. the wheat specificity has been determined by colony and dot blot hybridization in comparison with total rye dna (secale cereale variety 'petka'). the four clones with a variable degree of specificity were compared by sequence analysis after the recloning of wheat ... | 1986 | 24247835 |
| the effect of specific chromosome and cytoplasm substitutions on the tissue culture response of wheat (triticum aestivum) callus. | calli were initiated from immature embryos of four lines of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell), the euplasmic nuclear donor 'chinese spring', 'chinese spring' in which both 4b chromosomes were substituted by those of the variety 'cappelle-desprez' and two alloplasmic lines in which these nuclei were substituted into the cytoplasm of aegilops ovata. the calli were found to differ in their initia growth rates and their ability to organise shoot primordia and regenerate shoots. the 'c ... | 1986 | 24247705 |
| heritable somaclonal variation in gliadin proteins of wheat plants derived from immature embryo callus culture. | fertile r0 plants of the winter wheat line nd7532 (triticum aestivum l.) were regenerated from callus tissue after 60-190 days in culture. seeds produced from these self-pollinated plants were planted in the field. of the 5586 r1 plants, 32 differed for one or more agronomic traits from plants not passed through tissue culture process. gliadin electrophoregrams were prepared from bulk samples of r2 seed from these 32 plants. four of the 32 produced gliadin patterns different from controls, so 12 ... | 1986 | 24247703 |
| the relationship between carbon-dioxide-limited photosynthetic rate and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate-carboxylase content in two nuclear-cytoplasm substitution lines of wheat, and the coordination of ribulose-bisphosphate-carboxylation and electron-transport capacities. | photosynthesis in two cultivars of triticum aestivum was compared with photosynthesis in two lines having the same nuclear genomes but with cytoplasms derived from t. boeoticum. the in-vitro specific activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubpcase; ec 4.1.1.39) isolated from lines with t. boeoticum cytoplasm was only 71% of that of normal t. aestivum. by contrast, the rubpcase activities calculated from the co2-assimilation rate at low partial pressures of co2, p(co2), were the same ... | 1986 | 24240303 |
| salt sensitivity in wheat : a case for specific ion toxicity. | two selected lines of bread wheat, triticum aestivum l., differing in their relative salt resistance, were grown in isosmotic solutions of different ionic compositions to investigate sensitivity to specific ions. growth rates and ion accumulation were determined. the salt composition of the various solutions had little effect on the growth of the salt-resistant line, but significantly affected that of the salt-sensitive line. specifically, solutions containing high na(+) concentrations were more ... | 1986 | 16664679 |
| production, morphology, and cytogenetic analysis of elymus caninus (agropyron caninum) x triticum aestivum f1 hybrids and backcross-1 derivatives. | intergeneric hybrids were produced between common wheat, triticum aestivum (2n=6x=42, aabbdd) and wheatgrass, etymus caninus (agropyron caninum) (2n=4x=28, sshh) - the first successful report of this cross. reciprocal crosses and genotypes differed for percent seed set, seed development and f1 hybrid plant production. with e. caninus as the pollen parent, there was no hybrid seed set. in the reciprocal cross, seed set was 23.1-25.4% depending upon wheat genotype used. hybrid plants were produced ... | 1986 | 24247612 |
| ontogenetic changes in photosynthetic capacity and dry matter production of flag wheat leaves during the grain filling period. | the relationships between photosynthetic capacity and dry matter accumulation during the grain filling period have been studied in flag leaves of triticum aestivum l., cv. kolibri grown in mediterranean field conditions. particular importance has been given to assimilate accumulation in relation to the onset of senescence. during grain filling, the time course of specific dry weight (sdw) was similar in the blade and in the sheath. variations in sdw were about six times larger in the sheath than ... | 1986 | 24443259 |
| in vitro enzyme activities and products of (14)co 2 assimilation in flag leaf and ear parts of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | activities of key enzymes of calvin cycle and c4 metabolism, rate of (14)co2 fixation in light and dark and the initial products of photosynthetic (14)co2 fixation were determined in flag leaf and different ear parts of wheat viz. pericarp, awn and glumes. compared to the activities of rubp carboxylase and other calvin cycle enzymes viz. nadp-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, nad-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and ribulose-5-phosphate kinase, the levels of pep carboxylase and o ... | 1986 | 24443208 |
| relative sensitivity of various spectral forms of photosynthetic pigments to leaf senescence in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the change in the characteristics of the absorption spectrum of chloroplasts which were isolated from the mature and senescing primary wheat leaves, was examined at various wavelengths in which the photosynthetic pigments mostly absorb. chlorophyll (chl) a was observed to be relatively more sensitive to leaf senescence than chl b and carotenoids. furthermore, the various spectral in vivo forms of chl a, did not degrade to a similar extent; the far red absorbing forms of chl a including species t ... | 1986 | 24435369 |
| the effects of n nutrition on the water relations and gas exchange characteristics of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the purpose of this study was to characterize leaf photosynthetic and stomatal responses of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants grown under two n-nutritional regimes. high- and low-n regimes were imposed on growth-chamber-grown plants by fertilizing with nutrient solutions containing 12 or 1 millimolar nitrogen, respectively. gas-exchange measurements indicated not only greater photosynthetic capacity of high-n plants under well-watered conditions, but also a greater sensitivity of co(2) exchang ... | 1986 | 16664606 |
| temperature dependence of photosynthetic activities in wheat seedlings grown in the presence of basf 13.338 (4-chloro-5-dimethylamino-2-phenyl-3(2h)pyridazinone). | when triticum vulgare cv hd 2189 seedlings were grown in the presence of 125 micromolar basf 13.338 (4-chloro-5-dimethylamino-2-phenyl-3(2h)pyridazinone), the rate of electron transport (h(2)o --> methyl viologen) in chloroplast thylakoids isolated from the treated seedlings was higher (by 50%) as compared to the control at assay temperatures above 30 degrees c. below 30 degrees c, however, the rate with the treated seedlings was lower than the control rate. the temperature dependence of the rat ... | 1986 | 16664595 |
| temperature characteristics and adaptive potential of wheat ribosomes. | the translational efficiency of wheat ribosomes was studied as a function of an in vivo temperature pretreatment of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l.). ribosomes were isolated from heat-pretreated (36 degrees c) and reference (4 degrees c, 20 degrees c) wheat seedlings. the efficiency of the ribosomes in translating polyuridylic acid was assayed. ribosomes from heat-pretreated seedlings exhibit a threefold enhanced incorporation rate of phenylalanine as compared to ribosomes from wheat seedl ... | 1986 | 16664578 |
| the uptake of no3-, no2-, and nh4+ by intact wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings. i. induction and kinetics of transport systems. | the inducibility and kinetics of the no3-, no2-, and nh4+ transporters in roots of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum cv yercora rojo) were characterized using precise methods approaching constant analysis of the substrate solutions. a microcomputer-controlled automated high performance liquid chromatography system was used to determine the depletion of each n species (initially at 1 millimolar) from complete nutrient solutions. uptake rate analyses were performed using computerized curve-fittin ... | 1986 | 11539085 |
| in vitro activation of adenylate cyclase of atrophic celiac intestinal mucosa by wheat gliadin-derived peptides. | in order to demonstrate that gliadin peptides may interact with cell membranes of celiac small intestinal mucosa, the capacity of these peptides to activate the cell membrane enzyme adenylate cyclase was tested. the addition of peptides from bread wheat purified a-gliadin and whole gliadin (proteins that are toxic for celiac patients) enhanced the adenylate cyclase activity of crude cell membrane preparations obtained from atrophic small intestinal mucosa of celiac patients. no activation of ade ... | 1986 | 3945514 |
| structure of wheat gamma-gliadin genes. | we have cloned and sequenced two linked members of the wheat (triticum aestivum) gliadin multigene family. one gene encodes a gamma-gliadin which is 292 amino acids (aa) long. s1 mapping indicates that this gene is transcriptionally active. the second gene, which is only marginally active by s1 mapping, is closely related to the first gene. moreover, it is probably incapable of encoding a full-length gamma-gliadin due to the presence of two premature in-frame stop codons. neither gene contains i ... | 1986 | 3017812 |
| endogenous cytokinins in the ribosomal rna of higher plants. | endogenous cytokinin-active ribonucleosides were isolated from the rrna and trna of pea epicotyls (pisum sativum l., var alaska) and of wheat germ (triticum aestivum). the rna preparations were analyzed for cytokinins by enzymic hydrolysis, ethyl acetate extraction, and sephadex lh-20 fractionation in several solvents. tentative identification of the cytokinins was based on cochromatography with synthetic cytokinin standards in several systems and on activity in the tobacco bioassay. both the rr ... | 1987 | 16665334 |
| relative nutritional availability to rats of selenium in finnish spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) fertilized or sprayed with sodium selenate and in an american winter bread wheat naturally high in se. | a finnish national programme to fertilize crops with sodium selenate led us to compare the nutritional availability to rats of selenium in two finnish spring wheats (triticum aestivum l.), either fertilized or sprayed with sodium selenate, with that in an american winter bread wheat naturally high in se. weanling male rats were given a se-deficient torula yeast diet for 4 weeks followed by either continued depletion or repletion for 4 weeks with graded levels of se as sodium selenite (standard) ... | 1987 | 3036197 |
| prevention by mannan and other sugars of in vitro damage of rat fetal small intestine induced by cereal prolamin peptides toxic for human celiac intestine. | peptic-tryptic-cotazym and peptic-tryptic digests were obtained, simulating in vivo protein digestion, from pure "bread" wheat gliadins and from rye, barley, and oats prolamine and tested on small intestine cultures from fetal rats. when tested at a concentration of 0.1 mg of peptides/ml of culture medium the peptic-tryptic-cotazym and peptic-tryptic digests of gliadin and prolamines were very active in slowing in vitro development of fetal rat intestine and in increasing the occurrence and seve ... | 1987 | 3431955 |
| comparisons of proteins and glycoproteins in neuronal plasma membranes, axolemma, synaptic membranes, and oligodendroglial plasma membranes. | neuronal membranes are unique in that they consist of several functionally distinct segments: the perikaryal plasma membrane, the axolemma, the synaptic membrane, and the dendritic membrane. methods are now available to isolate the first three types of membranes as well as to isolate oligodendroglial plasma membranes. the protein and glycoprotein compositions for each set of membranes were analyzed by silver staining after separation by sds polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis and by radi ... | 1987 | 3599099 |
| protection of wheat against leaf and stem rust and powdery mildew diseases by inhibition of polyamine metabolism. | in higher plants, polyamines arise from arginine by one of two pathways: via ornithine and ornithine decarboxylase or via agmatine and arginine decarboxylase but in fungi, only the ornithine decarboxylase pathway is present. since polyamines are required for normal growth of microorganisms and plants and since the ornithine pathway can be irreversibly blocked by alpha-difluoromethylornithine (dfmo) which has no effect on arginine decarboxylase, fungal infection of green plants might be control ... | 1987 | 11539103 |
| investigations of the host range of the corn cyst nematode, heterodera zeae, from maryland. | the host range of the corn cyst nematode, heterodera zeae, recently detected in maryland, was investigated. a total of 269 plant entries, representing 68 families, 172 genera, and 204 species, was inoculated with cysts or a mixture of eggs and second-stage juveniles of h. zeae. the host range of the maryland population of h. zeae was limited to plants of the gramineae and included 11 tribes, 33 genera, 42 species, and 77 entries. all 22 corn (zea mays) cultivars tested were hosts. other economic ... | 1987 | 19290286 |
| nematode response to cool season annual graminaceous species and cultivars. | the response of 29 rye, oat, triticale, and wheat cultivars to selected nematode species was determined in the greenhouse. variability in nematode root galling and final nematode population densities in root and soil in response to cool season annual graminaceous crops occurred for spiral (helicotylenchus dihystera), stubby root (paratrichodorus minor), and root-knot (meloidogyne incognita) nematodes. although none of the graminaceous crops supported m. incognita at levels as high as the suscept ... | 1987 | 19290289 |
| inheritance of partial resistance to powdery mildew in spring wheat. | four spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars exhibiting partial resistance to powdery mildew induced by erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici were crossed to a common susceptible cultivar to study the inheritance of resistance. the genetic parameters contributing to resistance were estimated by generation means analyses. additive gene action was the most important genetic component of variation among generation means in all four crosses. additive by additive effects were significant in one cross ... | 1987 | 24241121 |
| genetic transfer of resistance to powdery mildew and of an associated biochemical marker from aegilops ventricosa to hexaploid wheat. | resistance to powdery mildew, caused by the fungus erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici, has been transferred from aegilops ventricosa (genomes d(v)m(v)) to hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum, abd). in two transfer lines, h-93-8 and h-93-35, the resistance gene was linked to a gene encoding protein u-1, whereas one line, h-93-33, was resistant but lacked the molecular marker, and another line, h-93-1, was susceptible but carried the gene for u-1, indicating that the original m(v) chromosome from ae. ... | 1987 | 24241120 |
| descriptions of two new species of tylenchorhynchus cobb, 1913 (nematoda: tylenchida), with details on morphology and variation of t. claytoni. | two new species of plant parasitic nematodes (tylenchorhynchus quaidi n. sp. and t. tritici n. sp.) from pakistan are described and illustrated. tylenchorhynchus quaidi n. sp., from soil around roots of potato (solanum tuberosum) from an experimental field of nnrc, karachi, pakistan, is distinguishable from other species by its peculiar sunken dome-shaped head. although similar to t. goffarti, it differs by head shape, areolation of lateral field, ratios a (23-28 vs. 29-37) and c (11-14 vs. 13-2 ... | 1987 | 19290107 |
| a new approach for estimating the phytotoxicity limits. | a pot experiment was carried out on a typic ustipsamment to study the effect of cd concentration on the yield of wheat (triticum aestivum) and soybean (glycine max). cd levels taken were 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 μg g(-1) of soil. three different statistical procedures were employed to evaluate the phytotoxicity limits. the non-linear regression technique was found to be more effective in calculating c 0 (threshold concentration) and c 100 (toxic concentration) in comparison to cate and nels ... | 1987 | 24254227 |
| synthesis of the low molecular weight heat shock proteins in plants. | heat shock of living tissue induces the synthesis of a unique group of proteins, the heat shock proteins. in plants, the major group of heat shock proteins has a molecular mass of 15 to 25 kilodaltons. accumulation of these proteins to stainable levels has been reported in only a few species. to examine accumulation of the low molecular weight heat shock proteins in a broader range of species, two-dimensional electrophoresis was used to resolve total protein from the following species: soybean ( ... | 1987 | 16665553 |
| transfer of the 1bl/1rs wheat-rye-translocation from hexaploid bread wheat to tetraploid durum wheat. | the present study describes a cytological stable alien chromosome translocation in tetraploid durum wheat. by crossing the hexaploid 1bl/1rs wheat-rye translocation line "veery" to the tetraploid durum wheat cultivar "cando" it was possible to select a 28 chromosomic strain homozygous for the 1bl/1rs translocation. the disease resistance potential of the short arm of rye chromosome 1r, which has been widely introduced in many hexaploid bread wheat cultivars could be now also used for the improve ... | 1987 | 24241794 |
| male germ unit isolation from three tricellular pollen species: brassica oleracea, zea mays, and triticum aestivum. | a technical procedure is described to follow the in vitro release of the ;male germ unit' and the sperm cells from three tricellular pollen species (brassica, zea, and triticum). the condition of the sperm cell was controlled using light microscopy. in addition, for the first time, the sperm cells viability has been checked by the fluorochromatic reaction test. these preliminary results indicate that this procedure appears to be a prerequisite for the successful preparation of purified viable sp ... | 1987 | 16665270 |
| root-knot nematode management and yield of soybean as affected by winter cover crops, tillage systems, and nematicides. | management of meloidogyne incognita on soybean as affected by winter small grain crops or fallow, two tillage systems, and nematicides was studied. numbers of m. incognita did not differ in plots planted to wheat and rye. yields of soybean planted after these crops also did not differ. numbers of m. incognita were greater in fallow than in rye plots, but soybean yield was not affected by the two treatments. soybean yields were greater in subsoil-plant than in moldboard plowed plots. ethylene dib ... | 1987 | 19290104 |
| influence of edaphic factors and previous crop on pratylenchus spp. population densities in potato. | root and soil samples from commercial potato fields were assayed for nematodes in 1983 and 1984. pratylenchus spp. population densities in suffolk county, new york, were consistently, though not always statistically, higher in potato fields that had been planted to rye or wheat rather than potatoes during the previous growing season. regardless of the previous crop, population densities in the two potato production areas in suffolk county differed significantly: population densities on the south ... | 1987 | 19290111 |
| allelopathic effect of parthenium (parthenium hysterophorus l.) extract and residue on some agronomic crops and weeds. | allelopathic effects of entire shoot extract, plant part extracts, and shoot residue of parthenium (parthenium hysterophorus l.) on corn (zea mays l.), ryegrass (lolium multiflorum lam.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.), velvetleaf (abutilon theophrasti medik.), and soybean [glycine max (l) merr.] growth were examined. parthenium shoot contained water-soluble materials that were toxic to root growth of velvetleaf and wheat. at 4% (w/ v) concentration, root growth of velvetleaf and wheat were reduce ... | 1987 | 24302341 |
| effects of diclofop and diclofop-methyl on the membrane potentials of wheat and oat coleoptiles. | electrophysiological measurements were made on the mesophyll cells of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv waldron) and oat (avena sativa l. cv garry) coleoptiles treated either with the herbicide diclofop-methyl (methyl 2-(4-(2',4'-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propanoate), or it's primary metabolite diclofop, (2-(4-(2',4'-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)-propanoic acid). application of a 100 micromolar solution of diclofop-methyl to wheat coleoptiles had little or no effect on the membrane potential (e(m)), howev ... | 1987 | 16665655 |
| increased phosphorus uptake by wheat and field beans inoculated with a phosphorus-solubilizing penicillium bilaji strain and with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to test the effect of a p-solubilizing isolate of penicillium bilaji on the availability of idaho rock phosphate (rp) in a calcareous soil. under controlled greenhouse conditions, inoculation of soils with p. bilaji along with rp at 45 mug of p per g of soil resulted in plant dry matter production and p uptake by wheat (triticum aestivum) and beans (phaseolus vulgaris) that were not significantly different from the increases in dry matter productio ... | 1987 | 16347487 |
| induction of pistil-like structures in suspension-derived callus cultures of wheat (triticum aestivum). | in the following a method for the induction of pistil-like structures in wheat suspension cultures (triticum aestivum l.) is described. in young influorescences of plants, which were artificially infected with the wheat bunt fungi (tilletia controversa), organogenic calli with pistil-like structures could be induced on loblolly pine medium + 3 mg/l 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxy benzoic acid. the yield of these structures in calli from a five-month-old suspension culture was up to 100 per gram of callus ... | 1987 | 24248846 |
| chromosome variation in dividing protoplasts and cell suspensions of wheat. | the cytology of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) suspension lines, recycled lines (selected for high division frequency) and their dividing protoplasts, have been examined. extensive numerical and structural chromosome variation was present in all the lines. the most frequently observed chromosome numbers were around 2n=32, indicating that considerable chromosome loss from the normal wheat complement (2n=6x=42) had occurred during selection of the lines. chromosome aberrations also indicated loss ... | 1987 | 24241469 |
| electrophoretic analysis of the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits of triticum monococcum, t. urartu, and the a genome of bread wheat (t. aestivum). | the high molecular weight (hmw) subunit composition of glutenin was analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) in the a genome of 497 diploid wheats and in 851 landraces of bread wheat. the material comprised 209 accessions of wild triticum monococcum ssp. boeoticum from greece, turkey, lebanon, armenia, iraq, and iran; 132 accessions of the primitive domesticate t. monococcum ssp. monococcum from many different germplasm collections; one accession of free ... | 1987 | 24241459 |
| gametoclonal variation detected in the nuclear ribosomal dna from doubled haploid lines of a spring wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. 'césar'). | the organization of the nuclear ribosomal dna from a parental line of wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. 'césar') and its anther-derived first cycle and second cycle doubled haploid lines has been analyzed by dna-dna molecular hybridization. restricted dna has been probed by three subclones of wheat nuclear ribosomal dna covering the entire repeat unit. no significant difference was detected in the extent of methylation of ribosomal dna of the doubled haploid lines with respect to the parental lin ... | 1987 | 24241452 |
| effect of a freeze-thaw cycle on properties of microsomal membranes from wheat. | a freeze-thaw cycle to -12 degrees c induced several physical and compositional changes in the microsomal membranes isolated from crown tissue of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv frederick). exposing 7-day-old, nonacclimated seedlings to a single freeze-thaw cycle prevented regrowth of the crown and resulted in increased membrane semipermeability. the phospholipid and protein content of microsomal membranes isolated from the crowns decreased by 70 and 50%, respectively. microsomal membranes ... | 1987 | 16665386 |
| chromosomal location of isozyme and seed storage protein genes in dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy. | the zymogram phenotypes of glucose-phosphate isomerase (gpi), alcohol dehydrogenase-1 (adh-1), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (got), superoxide dismutase (sod), lipoxygenase (lpx), esterase (est) and the banding patterns of gliadin and glutenin seed storage proteins were determined for triticum aestivum cv. 'chinese spring' (cs), dasypyrum villosum, the octoploid amphiploid t. aestivum cv. 'chinese spring' d. villosum (cs × v) (2n=8x=56; aabbddvv), and for five cs-d. villosum disomic additi ... | 1987 | 24241293 |
| nor loci analysis in progenies of plants regenerated from the scutellar callus of bread-wheat : a molecular approach to evaluate somaclonal variation. | progenies of plants regenerated from scutellar callus of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were analysed for the organization of the intergenic spacer of the rrna genes, located at the sites of the nucleolar organizer region (nor loci). sexual progenies derived from the regenerated plants of three wheat cultivars were subjected to this analysis. the respective dnas were digested with the restriction endonuclease taqi, and probed with a specific rdna fragment by southern blothybridization. the i ... | 1987 | 24241291 |
| leaf photosynthesis and conductance of selected triticum species at different water potentials. | leaf gas exchange characteristics of a desert annual (triticum kotschyi [boiss.] bowden) and the wheat cultivar tam w-101 (triticum aestivum l. em thell) were compared over a range of leaf water potentials from -0.50 to -2.9 megapascals. at an ambient [co(2)] of 330 microliters per liter, t. kotschyi had higher conductance and co(2) assimilation (a) at a given water potential than t. aestivum. under well watered conditions, a versus internal co(2) concentration (c(i)) response curves for both sp ... | 1987 | 16665315 |
| a quantitative fluorescence enzyme immunoassay for plant cytokinins. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) which used 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate as an enzyme substrate was used to quantify two plant cytokinins. this assay detected as little as 0.03 pmol (approximately 10 pg) of cytokinin in microplate wells coated with a cytokinin-ovalbumin conjugate. the method measured competition between free cytokinin and the bound conjugate for reaction with monoclonal anticytokinin antibodies and used a standard curve prepared by use of known amounts of free cyto ... | 1987 | 3605594 |
| 500-mhz proton homonuclear overhauser evidence for additional base pair in the common arm of eukaryotic ribosomal 5s rna: wheat germ. | a "common-arm" fragment from wheat germ (triticum aestivum) 5s rna has been produced by enzymatic cleavage with rnase t1 and sequenced via autoradiography of electrophoresis gels for the end-labeled fragments obtained by further rnase t1 partial digestion. the existence, base pair composition, and base pair sequence of the common arm are demonstrated for the first time by means of proton 500-mhz nuclear magnetic resonance. from mg2+ titration, temperature variation, ring current calculations, se ... | 1987 | 3109468 |
| cation amelioration of aluminum toxicity in wheat. | aluminum is a major constituent of most soils and limits crop productivity in many regions. amelioration is of theoretical as well as practical interest because understanding amelioration may contribute to an understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity. in the experiments reported here 2-day-old wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv tyler) seedlings with 15-millimeter roots were transferred to solutions containing 0.4 millimolar cacl(2) at ph 4.3 variously supplemented with alcl(3) and additional amoun ... | 1987 | 16665286 |
| quantification of the kinetin effect on protein synthesis and degradation in senescing wheat leaves. | wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l. cv san agustin inta) were detached when they reached maximum expansion, put individually in tubes containing water and left in darkness. after 3 days the protein content had decreased to 46% of the initial value. when the leaves were placed in 1 micromolar kinetin, they retained 60% of the initial protein content for the same period. this effect was observed only when leaves were treated with kinetin within the first 24 hours after detachment. the action of kin ... | 1987 | 16665278 |
| suspension and protoplast culture of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | suspension cultures have been initiated from embryogenic callus of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). most commonly, these "suspensions" are composed of callus-like clusters (up to 2 mm in diameter). two rapidly-growing lines (mbe6 and c82d) have been obtained, which consist of smaller aggregates of cytoplasmic cells, and these have been maintained for more than 4 years. these lines show very limited morphogenetic capacity and only a single plantlet has been regenerated, from line mbe6, aft ... | 1987 | 24248442 |
| stimulation of shoot regeneration in triticum aestivum and nicotiana plumbaginifolia viv. tissue cultures using the ethylene inhibitor agno3. | silver nitrate effectively promoted shoot regeneration in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) callus cultures derived from immature embryos. this effect could be observed in both weakly and strongly regenerating cultivars, and in using material from both field and greenhouse grown plants. the role of silver ions as an inhibitor of ethylene action was supported by a reversal of the inhibitory effects of 2,4-d and ethylene on morphogenesis in wheat callus cultures.enhancement of shoot regeneration by sil ... | 1987 | 24248436 |
| the effect of abscisic acid on cell turgor pressures, solute content and growth of wheat roots. | abscisic acid (aba) was shown to influence turgor pressure and growth in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots. at a concentrations of 25 mmol·m(-3), aba increased the turgor pressure of cells located within 1 cm of the tip by up to 450 kpa. at 4 to 5 cm from the root tip this concentration of aba reduced the turgor pressure of peripheral cells (epidermis and the first few cortical cell layers) to zero or close to zero while that of the inner cells was increased. increases in sap osmolality were de ... | 1987 | 24232886 |
| enhancement of phototropic response to a range of light doses in triticum aestivum coleoptiles in clinostat-simulated microgravity. | the phototropic dose-response relationship has been determined for triticum aestivum cv. broom coleoptiles growing on a purpose-built clinostat apparatus providing gravity compensation by rotation about a horizontal axis at 2 rev·min(-1). these data are compared with data sets obtained with the clinostat axis vertical and stationary, as a 1·g control, and rotating vertically to examine clinostat effects other than gravity compensation. triticum at 1·g follows the wellestablished pattern of other ... | 1987 | 24232885 |
| a somaclonal variant of wheat with additional β-amylase isozymes. | the progeny of 149 plants regenerated from tissue culture of immature wheat (triticum aestivum) embryos were screened for variation in their grain β-amylase isozyme pattern. one regenerant was found which was heterozygous for a variant pattern characterized by the presence of at least five new isozyme bands, as well as an increased intensity in existing bands in two more positions. the f2 of a homozygous variant crossed back to the parent segregated in an approximate 3∶1 ratio but resolution of ... | 1987 | 24241010 |
| combined electron-spin-resonance, x-ray-diffraction studies on phospholipid vesicles obtained from cold-hardened wheats : ii. the role of free sterols. | the contents of free sterols and phospholipids in leaves of wheat, triticum aestivum l., cultivars of different frost resistances, as well as the physical state of isolated phospholipids in the presence and absence of sterols, were compared before and after hardening. there was an inverse relationship between the sterol/phospholipid ratio and frost tolerance as a consequence of both a decrease in the free sterol, and an increase in the total phospholipid content. sterol-sterol interactions were ... | 1987 | 24232837 |
| combined electron-spin-resonance, x-ray-diffraction studies on phospholipid vesicles obtained from cold-hardened wheats : i. an attempt to correlate electron-spin-resonance spectral characteristics with frost resistance. | phospholipid multibilayers, obtained from two cultivars of thermally acclimated wheats of different frost resistances (triticum aestivum l. cv. penjamo 62, the sensitive cultivar, and t. aestivum l. cv. miranovskaja 808, the frost-resistant cultivar), were investigated using electron-spin-resonance and x-ray-diffraction techniques. the former technique revealed two breaks in the motion of the spin-labelled fatty acid 2-(14-carboxyte-tradecyl)-2-ethyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl, for both cul ... | 1987 | 24232836 |
| influences of leaf temperature on photosynthetic carbon metabolism in wheat. | net photosynthetic assimilation rate (a), extractable activities of three photosynthetic enzymes, and the concentrations of six metabolites were determined for wheat (tricum aestivum l.) leaves as leaf temperature was varied under photorespiring (350 microliters per liter co(2) and 21% o(2)) and under nonphotorespiring conditions (800 microliters per liter co(2) and 2% o(2)). the extractable activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase declined with ... | 1987 | 16665218 |
| fructan content and fructosyltransferase activity during wheat seed growth. | the objective of this research was to determine the changes in fructan content and the activity of fructosyltransferases during the growth of wheat seeds (triticum aestivum l. thell, cv caldwell). the total fructan content of the seeds decreased significantly during seed growth. the trisaccharide and tetrasaccharide content increased from 6 to 28 days post anthesis (dpa) and then declined, but these changes are not statistically significant. the content or concentration of longer chain polymers ... | 1987 | 16665212 |
| gene induction and repression by salt treatment in roots of the salinity-sensitive chinese spring wheat and the salinity-tolerant chinese spring x elytrigia elongata amphiploid. | an artificial amphiploid from a cross between salinity-sensitive bread wheat cultivar chinese spring and highly tolerant elytrigia elongata (host) nevski (= agropyron elongatum host) shows enhanced salinity tolerance relative to chinese spring. poly(a)(+) rna was isolated from roots, expanding leaves, and old leaves from amphiploid and chinese spring plants prior to and after acclimation to high levels of nacl in solution cultures. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of the in vitro translation ... | 1987 | 16593798 |
| enhancement of phototropic response to a range of light doses in triticum aestivum coleoptiles in clinostat-simulated microgravity. | the phototropic dose-response relationship has been determined for triticum aestivum cv. broom coleoptiles growing on a purpose-built clinostat apparatus providing gravity compensation by rotation about a horizontal axis at 2 rev min-1. these data are compared with data sets obtained with the clinostat axis vertical and stationary, as a 1 g control, and rotating vertically to examine clinostat effects other than gravity compensation. triticum at 1 g follows the well-established pattern of other ... | 1987 | 11539097 |
| gibberellin modulation of phosphatidyl-choline turnover in wheat aleurone tissue. | phosphatidyl choline (pc) is synthesised in wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. flanders) aleurone tissue during early germination when new endomembranes are being formed. although gibberellic acid does not ostensibly affect pc levels, it inhibits the incorporation of choline and differentially and specifically modulates the turnover of the n-methyl and methylene carbons of the choline headgroup of pc. gibberellic acid has no effect on turnover of the phosphate moiety of either pc or the other major ... | 1987 | 24226069 |
| ice encasement injury to microsomal membranes from winter wheat crowns : i. comparison of membrane properties after lethal ice encasement and during a post-thaw period. | the functional and physical properties of cellular membranes isolated from triticum aestivum, cvs norstar and fredrick, were altered coincident with changes in composition after a lethal ice-encasement stress and further during a 6 hour post-thaw period. crowns encased in ice for a duration which inhibited regrowth, exhibited enhanced rates of electrolyte leakage. furthermore, the recovery of total microsomal protein and phospholipid declined, suggesting that some membrane degradation had been i ... | 1987 | 16665805 |
| genetic control of nadh dehydrogenase-1 and aromatic alcohol dehydrogenase-2 in hexaploid wheat. | the genetic control of nadh dehydrogenase-1 (ndh-1) and aromatic alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (aadh-2) was investigated in triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring. evidence was obtained that ndh-1 is active as a monomer and is encoded by genes located in the p arms of the homoeologous group 4 chromosomes. the ndh-1 gene loci located in 4ap, 4bp, and 4dp were designated ndh-a1, ndh-b1, and ndh-d1, respectively. aadh-a2 was previously reported to be located in 6aq; in this study, aadh-b2 and aadh-d2 were ... | 1987 | 3329906 |
| a reverse transcriptase-like activity of wheat (triticum aestivum) embryo microsomal fraction. | a reverse transcriptase-like activity was isolated from germinating wheat (triticum aestivum) embryos. the activity was found to be associated with a microsomal fraction (70,000 g pellet) of the embryo homogenate. the microsome-associated enzyme prefers homologous polyadenylated rna to any other polynucleotides as template and requires all four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates for maximal activity. the reaction product appears in the incubation mixture in the form of an rna-dna hybrid, which ca ... | 1987 | 2449165 |
| photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics of wheat flag leaf blades and sheaths during grain filling: the case of a spring crop grown under mediterranean climate conditions. | the rate of net co(2) assimilation (a), the stomatal (g(s)) and residual (g(r)) conductances to co(2), the intercellular co(2) concentration, the co(2) compensation points at 21% o(2) (gamma(21)) and at 2% o(2) (gamma(2)), and the amounts of dry matter, nitrogen, and carbohydrates were determined, from anthesis through grain filling, in the flag leaf blade and sheath of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv kolibri). the nitrogen content and the rate of net co(2) assimilation declined slowly unt ... | 1987 | 16665757 |
| wheat storage proteins: diversity of hmw glutenin subunits in wild emmer from israel : 1. geographical patterns and ecological predictability. | the diversity of hmw glutenin subunits in the tetraploid wild progenitor of wheat, triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides was studied electrophoretically in 231 individuals representing 11 populations of wild emmer from israel. the results show that (a) the two hmw glutenin loci, glu-a1 and glu-b1, are rich in variation, having 11 and 15 alleles, respectively, (b) genetic variation in hmw glutenin subunits is often severely restricted in individual populations, supporting an island population geneti ... | 1987 | 24240347 |
| aneuploid and alloplasmic lines as tools for the study of nuclear and cytoplasmic control of culture ability and regeneration of scutellar calli from common wheat. | twenty four b genome aneuploid lines (di-telosomics, nullisomic-tetrasomics and tetrasomics) of triticum aestivum cv 'chinese spring' were used in an analysis of the culture ability and regeneration capability of scutellar calli. several correlations were found between the presence or absence of specific chromosomes and chromosomal arms of the b genome of common wheat and the growth and differentiation capabilities of these calli. the rate of callus growth decreased only when the long arm of chr ... | 1987 | 24240343 |
| the inheritance of seed peroxidases of wheat and rye: further data. | further data on the inheritance of seed peroxidases of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rye (secale cereale l.) have been obtained from the genetic analysis of several progenies of both species. additional data on the inheritance and the chromosomal location and linkage have been obtained for peroxidases of wheat embryo and rye endosperm. the general presence of null alleles in peroxidase loci has been confirmed in both species. in addition to simple monogenic inheritance, epistatic se ... | 1987 | 24240338 |
| high molecular weight glutenin subunit variation in triticum turgidum var. dicoccum. | variation in high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin subunit composition among 167 accessions of dicoccum wheat (triticum turgidum l. var. dicoccum schrank) of diverse origins was investigated using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). a total of 20 alleles were identified, and 9 of them were found to be different from those previously detected by payne and lawrence (1983 b) in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the newly discovered alleles enh ... | 1987 | 24240328 |
| monitoring biosynthesis of wheat cell-wall phenylpropanoids in situ. | lignins and suberins are complex plant cell-wall macromolecules that are composed mainly of phenylpropanoid residues derived from l-phenylalanine. lignins and suberins are considered to be covalently linked to carbohydrates and to lipids, respectively. the bonding of these important structural materials within cell walls has never been established. by feeding specifically labeled [(13)c] ferulic acid over extended durations to seedlings of triticum aestivum l. and by using solid-state carbon-13 ... | 1987 | 17801473 |
| the peroxidase isozymes of the wheat kernel: tissue and substrate specificity and their chromosomal location. | peroxidase isozymes were studied in the triticum aestivum l. kernel and in nullisomic-tetrasomic and ditelocentric combinations of 'chinese spring' wheat. analyses were carried out on different parts of dry kernels (embryo plus scutellum and endosperm) using polyacrylamide and starch gel electrophoresis, different electrophoretic buffer systems and various staining methods. the peroxidase isozymes showed a low substrate-specificity and a high tissue-specificity. the embryo plus scutellum and the ... | 1987 | 24241194 |
| cytogenetic analysis of structural rearrangements in three varieties of common wheat, triticum aestivum. | the winter wheat varieties 'starke' and 'cappelle desprez' and the spring wheat 'chinese spring' were analysed for structural chromosome rearrangements that resulted in the formation of multivalents in f1 hybrids. the analyses were carried out using hybrids involving euploids, monosomic and ditelosomic stocks, and double-monotelodisomic constructs. the study confirmed that 'cappelle desprez' differs from 'chinese spring' in a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 5b and 7b (riley et al. 1 ... | 1987 | 24241185 |
| effect of population structure on protein-yield improvements in spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell). | in a study designed to develop a more efficient breeding method for concurrent protein-yield improvements in wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell), 7 base populations [2 f2's, 1 intermated f2 (if2) and 4 partial backcross (pbc) populations] developed from biparental crosses involving 2 canadian hard red spring (chrs) and 2 canadian utility (cu) wheat cultivars were evaluated in winnipeg, manitoba, canada. the if2 and pbc populations were generated for comparison with conventional f2 populations ... | 1987 | 24240219 |
| variability and genetics of spacer dna sequences between the ribosomal-rna genes of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum). | using restriction enzyme digests of genomic dna extracted from the leaves of 25 hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell.) cultivars and their hybrids, restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the spacer dna which separates the ribosomal-rna genes have been examined. (from one to three thousand of these genes are borne on chromosomes 1b and 6b of hexaploid wheat). the data show that there are three distinct alleles of the 1b locus, designated nor-b1a, nor-b1b, and nor-b1c, and at leas ... | 1987 | 24240218 |
| null alleles for gliadin blocks in bread and durum wheat cultivars. | wheat gliadin proteins are coded by clusters of genes (complex loci) located on the short arms of chromosomes of homoeologous groups 1 and 6 in bread (6x) and durum (4x) wheats. the proteins expressed by the various complex loci have been designated gliadin blocks. in a survey of accessions from the germplasm institute (c.n.r., bari, italy) collection, several different accessions have been found that lack particular blocks of proteins (null alleles). in some bread wheat accessions, seeds do not ... | 1987 | 24240217 |
| chromosomal location of a k/na discrimination character in the d genome of wheat. | k/na ratios have been determined in the leaves of salt-treated plants of 14 disomic substitution lines in which each of the d-genome chromosomes replaces the homoeologous a- or b-genome chromosome in the tetraploid wheat variety langdon (aabb genome). aneuploid lines of hexaploid bread wheat (cv chinese spring) having a reduced or an enhanced complement of chromosome 4d have also been examined. these investigations show that the gene(s) determining k/na ratios in the leaves of wheat plants grown ... | 1987 | 24240213 |
| changes in the cationic regulation of structure and function in thylakoids isolated from wheat seedlings treated with basf 13.338. | when wheat seedlings (triticum vulgare cf hd 2189) were grown in the presence of basf 13.338 (4-chloro-5-[dimethylamino]-2-phenyl-3[2h]-pyridazinone), there was a decrease in the ratio of linolenic acid to linoleic acid in the thylakoid membrane lipids (jb st john 1976 plant physiol 57: 38) and an increase in the ratio of photosystem ii to photosystem i (rm mannan, s bose 1984 photochem photobiol 41: 63). accompanying these gross structural changes were alterations in the cationic regulation of ... | 1987 | 16665652 |
| purification and characterization of dihydrodipicolinate synthase from wheat suspension cultures. | dihydrodipicolinate synthase, the first enzyme unique to lysine biosynthesis in higher plants, was purified about 5100-fold from suspension-cultured cells of wheat (triticum aestivum var chinese spring). the synthase has an average molecular weight of 123,000 as determined by gel filtration and exhibited maximum activity at ph 8.0. the kinetics of the condensation reaction are compatible with a "ping pong" mechanism in which pyruvate reacts first with the enzyme to form a schiff base. pyruvate a ... | 1987 | 16665646 |
| monosomic analysis of heading date and spikelet number in the common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) multispikelet line 'noa'. | genetic analysis of heading date and spikelet number was carried out in the common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) multispikelet line 'noa', by using the monosomic series of the regular line 'mara'. 'noa's' high number of spikelets was found to be controlled by a recessive major gene on chromosome 2d; a slight reduction in spikelet number was induced by another recessive gene on 'noa's' 7a chromosome. 'noa's' late heading date was found to be controlled by two recessive genes, located on chromosome ... | 1987 | 24241806 |
| interaction between genes controlling a new group of glutenin subunits in bread wheat. | one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of reduced total protein extracts from the endosperm of hexaploid wheat revealed a new set of faintly-stained bands, having slower electrophoretic mobility than the high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin subunits. these new bands have been termed the e group of glutenin subunits. analysis of aneuploid stocks of chinese spring wheat has shown that three of the e bands, in order of increasing electrophoretic mobili ... | 1987 | 24241800 |
| the effect of the 4b chromosomes of hexaploid wheat on the growth and regeneration of callus cultures. | calli were initiated from immature embryos of nine lines of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell). these were the euploid lines chinese spring and cappelle-desprez, a line of chinese spring ditelocentric for the long arm of 4b, four substitution lines of chinese spring in which chromosome 4b has been replaced by its homologues from different wheat varieties and substituted into chinese spring and a substitution line of besostaya i 4b into cappelle-desprez. the calli from these lines w ... | 1987 | 24241797 |
| the effect of ph gene alleles on synaptonemal complex formation in triticum aestivum × t. kotschyi hybrids. | chromosome pairing at zygotene-pachytene was studied in triticum aestivum × t. kotschyi hybrids (2n=5x=35, genomic constitution abdc(u)s(v)) by electron microscopy of synaptonemal complexes in spread microsporocyte nuclei. hybrids carrying either the ph allele or the ph allele, which differ markedly in metaphase i pairing, are both capable of greater than 90% pachytene pairing, although pairing in the ph hybrids appeared slower or less synchronised. in both genotypes branched synaptonemal comple ... | 1987 | 24241796 |