Publications

pcr primers and probes for the 16s rrna gene of most species of pathogenic bacteria, including bacteria found in cerebrospinal fluid.	a set of broad-range pcr primers for the 16s rrna gene in bacteria were tested, along with three series of oligonucleotide probes to detect the pcr product. the first series of probes is broad in range and consists of a universal bacterial probe, a gram-positive probe, a bacteroides-flavobacterium probe, and two probes for other gram-negative species. the second series was designed to detect pcr products from seven major bacterial species or groups frequently causing meningitis: neisseria mening ...	1994	7512093
determination of gardnerella vaginalis genome size by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.	the chromosomal dna of four strains of gardnerella vaginalis were digested with rare cutting restriction enzymes and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the four strains studied were two clinical isolates (gvp 004 & gvp 007) and two american type culture collection strains (atcc 14018 & atcc 14019). the restriction enzyme sfii generated two dna fragments of about 0.6 mb and 1.1 mb in all four strains giving a g. vaginalis genome size of about 1.7 mb. a similar genome size was ca ...	1994	7584037
evaluation of the etest for antimicrobial spectrum and potency determinations of anaerobes associated with bacterial vaginosis and peritonitis.	one hundred ninety-seven anaerobic organisms (24 gardnerella vaginalis, 16 mobiluncus spp., 19 peptostreptococcus spp., 20 lactobacillus spp., 20 prevotella bivia/disiens, 81 bacteroides fragilis group, 12 clostridium spp., and five fusobacterium spp.) were processed by the etest (ab biodisk, solna, sweden) and a reference (brucella blood agar) method against 10 antimicrobial agents. for the bacterial vaginosis-associated pathogens, the etest was more reproducible and correlated acceptably with ...	1994	7705035
lea's shield, a new barrier contraceptive preliminary clinical evaluations three-day tolerance study.	in this study the lea's shield was evaluated for its tolerance by women who wore the device for three consecutive days. ten women who wore the lea's shield for 72 hours completed the tolerance study without adverse effects. examination of the cervix and vagina revealed that the device did not provoke any significant cellular or microbial changes among the wearers. no major changes in the appearance or prevalence of vaginal flora occurred in the women after three days of wearing the device. a gra ...	1994	7705097
studies on the anaerobic (bacterial) vaginosis among the bangladeshi women of reproductive age group.	vaginal swab from 190 patients aged between 15 to 45 years with the complaint of excessive and foul smelling vaginal discharge and 50 healthy controls of comparable age were studied. different diagnostic techniques used for the detection of g.vaginalis were compared. antibiogram of isolated g.vaginalis was also performed to determine the drug sensitivity pattern. g. vaginalis were isolated from 74 patients (38.9%) and from 6 controls (12%). the rate of isolation of g. vaginalis in the vaginal sw ...	1994	7748151
evaluation of affirm vp microbial identification test for gardnerella vaginalis and trichomonas vaginalis.	a commercial system (affirm vp microbial identification test; microprobe corp.) for detection of vaginal pathogens was evaluated with 176 consecutive women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic for genital complaints. vaginal swab specimens were used for culture of gardnerella vaginalis and trichomonas vaginalis, preparation of a vaginal smear for gram stain interpretation, and wet mount evaluation. an additional swab was used to evaluate the 30-min nonisotopic oligonucleotide probe te ...	1994	8126171
bacterial vaginosis and vaginal microorganisms in idiopathic premature labor and association with pregnancy outcome.	the vaginal microflora of 49 women in idiopathic preterm labor was compared with that of 38 term controls to determine whether the presence of bacterial vaginosis (bv) and/or specific microorganisms would influence the rate of preterm delivery. demographic factors, pregnancy outcome, and reproductive history were also studied. bv, as defined by the presence of clue cells in a vaginal wet mount and characteristic microbial findings in a stained vaginal smear and vaginal culture, was more common i ...	1994	8126176
bacterial vaginosis is associated with prematurity and vaginal fluid mucinase and sialidase: results of a controlled trial of topical clindamycin cream.	the pathogenesis of preterm birth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes linked with reproductive tract infection remains poorly understood. mucolytic enzymes, including mucinases and sialidases (neuraminidase), are recognized virulence factors among enteropathogens and bacteria that cause periodontal infection. perturbation of maternal cervicovaginal mucosa membrane host defenses by such enzyme-producing microorganisms may increase the risk of subclinical intrauterine infection during pregnancy a ...	1994	8166188
in vitro antibacterial activity of fk037, a new parenteral broad-spectrum cephalosporin, against recent clinical isolates in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology.	the antibacterial activity of a new parenteral cephalosporin, fk037 was assessed against recent aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from patients in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology during the period between january 1992 and june 1993. the mics of fk037 for 90% of the clinical isolates tested were 0.10 microgram/ml for escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae, 0.20 microgram/ml for streptococcus agalactiae, 0.39 microgram/ml for gardnerella vaginalis, 0.78 microgram/ml for staphyloco ...	1994	8205934
[gardnerella vaginalis: transport, microscopy, testing resistance].	g. vaginalis is an important pathogen in the aetiology of bacterial vaginosis. therefore, we investigated the influence of transport systems in isolation, a scoring system for gram stains, and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. the comparison between a simple (transwab) and a sophisticated (port-a-cul) system showed no differences with regard to for instance enterococcus faecalis or escherichia coli; however, isolation of g. vaginalis, a fastidious microorganism, was significantly higher (a ...	1994	8719002
[perinatal infections. infection as etiological factor of preterm labor].	on the ground of contemporary medical literature and our own observations, we have tried to estimate the participation of microorganism infection in preterm labor. in this article, we present mechanism, currently recognized as the most probable, that are leading to preterm labor under condition of perinatal infections. one of them seems to be the production of enzymes by pathological strains. those enzymes are considered to stimulate decidual and amniotic cells to arachidonic acid metabolism and ...	1994	7597173
virulence attributes of low-virulence organisms.	the vast majority of infections involving female pelvic structures arise from organisms that are members of the normal flora. in addition, exogenous organisms that invade through the lower genital tract must interact with organisms that are part of the host's flora. in contrast to the concept that the normal flora is entirely innocuous, recent research has begun to identify what appear to be virulence attributes among these ordinarily low-virulence organisms. most of our understanding of virulen ...	1994	18475373
in vitro ability of the group b streptococci to inhibit gram-positive and gram-variable constituents of the bacterial flora of the female genital tract.	the purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of septicemic and nonsepticemic isolates of group b streptococci (gbs) to inhibit in vitro the principal bacterial groups found in the normal bacterial flora of the female genital tract.	1995	18476028
papillomavirus in cervicovaginal smears of women infected with human immunodeficiency virus.	it has been described that women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) present more frequent cytological abnormalities in cervicovaginal smears, generally related to infection by human papillomavirus (hpv). the present work is a study of cervicovaginal smears of 147 hiv-seropositive women submitted to routine gynecological examinations. the smears were stained by the papanicolaou method. cytopathic effects of hpv were found in 38 (25.8%) cases. nuclear atypias of cervical intraepi ...	1995	8731285
[balanitis and infectious agents. a prospective study of 100 cases].	the aim of this study was: 1) to evaluate the rate of micro-organism isolation in 100 patients consulting for balanitis at the centre of sexually transmitted diseases at the st. louis hospital in paris in comparison with that of micro-organisms isolated in 60 men without balanitis; 2) to search for a possible correlation between the clinical aspect of the disease and the nature of the infectious agent identified.	1995	8745679
vaginal candidiasis and other types of vaginitis.	the causes, diagnosis, treatment options, and recent research findings of vaginal infections in hiv-infected women are discussed. three common types of vaginitis are addressed: vaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, and trichomoniasis. the prevalence of candidiasis is an important indicator of hiv disease severity and data is provided that shows its frequency, compared to other genital infections, in hiv-positive women.	1995	11362888
[gardnerella vaginalis infection in heterosexual couples. ultrastructural study of desquamation cells of the stratified epithelium].	bacterial vaginosis is one of the most frequent infections during the woman's reproductive age. lactobacilli normal flora is substituted by relatively elevated gardnerella vaginalis (gv), anaerobic bacteroids, mobiluncus and mycoplasma. the purpose of this study is to perform a morphological analysis of possible mechanisms for adhesion and penetration of gv in the heterosexual couple, in squamous epithelium at vaginal wall, as well as in seminal fluid. ten couples with positive gv culture with t ...	1995	7768469
the genital flora of women with intraamniotic infection. vaginal infection and prematurity study group.	the relationship of genital flora assessed at the end of the second trimester of pregnancy and intraamniotic infection diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms during labor was evaluated. women were enrolled at 23-26 weeks of gestation and followed through delivery in the multi-center vaginal infections and prematurity study (1984-1989). among the cohort of 11,989 followed through delivery, 286 (2.4%) developed intraamniotic infection. the recovery of gardnerella vaginalis (relative risk [rr] = ...	1995	7769281
[bacterial vaginosis during chemotherapy for gynecological neoplasms. a therapeutic proposal].	bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a well characterized disease, defined amsel's criteria, whose incidence is significantly increased during chemotherapy for gynecologic malignancies, as previously reported by the authors. nine patients out of 14 (64%) who were receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for gynecologic tumors showed a clinical and laboratory evidence of bacterial vaginosis and were treated with cetyltrimethilammonium naproxenate vaginal douches. results were analyzed up to the completion of oncol ...	1995	7770150
metronidazole during pregnancy.		1995	7781879
[gardnerella vaginalis biotypes: modification of a proposed system].	a modified scheme is proposed for biotyping gardnerella vaginalis based on detection of hippurate hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase (onpg) and lipase, and fermentation of arabinose, galactose and xylose. thirty three biotypes were found among 140 strains from women with and without bacterial vaginosis (non-specific vaginitis). the distribution of biotypes were found to be significantly different, being more predominant the biotypes 1a; 5g; 7a; 7d and 7g in women with vaginosis and the biotypes 5g a ...	1995	7784728
[the isolation of streptococcus morbillorum from vaginal exudates].	we have tested 195 vaginal secretions sent by gynecology service of this hospital between the years 1988-1990. we achieved positive culture for streptococci in 58 (30%) of these cultures, 26 (44.8%) corresponding to streptococcus morbillorum 9 (15.5%), to gardnerella vaginalis 5 (8.6%), to enterococcus faecalis-durans and to streptococcus agalactiae, 3 (5.1%) to streptococcus mitis and milleri 2 (3.4%), to streptococcus bovis and cremoris, and 1 (1.7%) to streptococcus salivarius, equinus and sa ...	1995	7716323
[a new zoonosis--investigation of gardnerella vaginalis disease of fox. i. causative agent isolation and artificial infection].	it is the first time that this paper reports on using improved rabbit blood agar culture medium to isolate 145 strains gardnerella vaginalis from the foxes and their abortion fortus organs of main fox farms. among the strains, 26 strains were isolated from the abortion foetus organs, isolation rate was 92.86%; 118 strains were isolated from the vaginal exeretion of the abortion and empty foxes, isolation rate was 34.01%; 1 strain was isolated from inguinal lymph node of the pelted positive fox, ...	1995	7725679
[a new zoonosis--investigation of gardnerella vaginalis disease of fox. ii. identification of pathogenic bacteria].	16 strains isolated from aborted foetus and vaginal exeretions of foxes were used for examination of cell morphology including fine structure of the cell wall and septa, test for homolysis, biochemical reactions and analysis of g+c content of the bacterial dna. the cells are pleomorphic bacilli and coccobacilli, gram stain reaction appear positive to variable, catalse and oxidase-negative, with a fermentative type of glucose metabolism, giving acetic and lactic acid as the major end products of ...	1995	7725680
treatment of bacterial vaginosis: a comparison of oral metronidazole, metronidazole vaginal gel, and clindamycin vaginal cream.	treatment options for bacterial vaginosis are numerous. the purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of oral metronidazole, metronidazole vaginal gel, and clindamycin vaginal cream for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis using traditional clinical and laboratory methods, as well as a new dna probe test. we also determined the percentage of patients receiving each treatment who developed posttreatment vaginal candidiasis, a potential complication of treating bacterial vaginosis.	1995	7595261
[bacteriological findings in patients with cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia].	in order to evaluate the cervical flora in patients with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (grades i to iii) the microbiologic results of 216 patients with cin were compared with those of 100 symptom free controls. gardnerella vaginalis combined with mykoplasma spp. and bacteroides spp. were found in 22% of the patients with dysplasia and in 5% of the control group. the difference was significant (p < 0.004). microorganisms causing sexually transmitted diseases like nei ...	1995	7571906
development of a species-specific polymerase chain reaction assay for gardnerella vaginalis.	the nucleotide sequence of the region between the 16s and 23s rrna genes of the facultative anaerobic bacterium gardnerella vaginalis has been determined, together with the 5' proximal 500 nucleotides of the 23s rrna gene. regions suited for the development of specific, probe-confirmable polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were selected. pcr assays were evaluated with respect to sensitivity and specificity, the latter in comparison with a number of g. vaginalis reference strains and closely r ...	1995	7477009
[diagnosis and treatment of bacterial vaginosis by general practitioners].	in order to evaluate which diagnostic procedures and treatments general practitioners (gp) used for bacterial vaginosis, and to describe their knowledge of the disease, all the gps in two counties were asked to fill in a questionnaire. two hundred and sixty-six (59%) answered. the gp used the criteria of amsel in 9%, the wet smear criteria in 12%, clue cells in 6%, the amine test in 30%, culture of gardnerella vaginalis in 29%, 8% only used clinical examination and 6% did not use any criteria. m ...	1995	7483026
[a new zoonosis--investigation of gardnerella vaginalis disease of fox. iv. study of dot-elisa for the detection of serum antibody of gardnerella vaginalis disease of fox].	192 gardnerella vaginalis antibody positive sera from artifically infected foxes, immunized foxes and foxes that the bacterial examination were positive were analysed by the established dot-elisa. the results showed that 187/192 were positive, the positive rate was 97.3%. block and cross tests showed that the method was specific. the method was 28.1 times sensitive as pat and 5.5 times sensitive as mat respectively. the repeatability of the test was good and the positive coincidence rate among t ...	1995	7483585
office laboratory diagnosis of vaginitis. clinician-performed tests compared with a rapid nucleic acid hybridization test.	the traditional diagnosis of vaginitis incorporates patient symptoms, clinical findings observed during vaginal examination, and laboratory analysis of vaginal fluid. the purpose of this study was to evaluate routine clinician-performed office laboratory diagnostic techniques for women with abnormal vaginal symptoms, and to compare these results with those obtained by a dna hybridization test for trichomonas vaginalis, gardnerella vaginalis, and candida species.	1995	7500067
bacterial vaginosis.		1995	7500074
genital ulcer disease in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus.	the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and microbiologic characteristics of genital ulcer disease in a population of human immunodeficiency virus-infected women.	1995	7856685
sterility of the uterine cavity.	in a prospective open study the sterility of the uterine cavity was evaluated in 99 women admitted for hysterectomy. the indications for hysterectomy were in most cases persistent irregular vaginal bleeding and fibromyomas of the uterus. samples for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, chlamydia trachomatis, yeasts and viruses were taken preoperatively from the apex of the vagina and cervical os. immediately after hysterectomy the uterus was opened under sterile conditions and samples obtained f ...	1995	7900526
[a new zoonosis--investigation of gardnerella vaginalis disease of fox. iii. epidemiological investigation].	by epidemiological investigation to gardnerella vaginalis disease of fox of civil main farms raising foxes, this disease was showed to be susceptible to silver foxes, arctic foxes, red foxes and color foxes, the disease was mostly transmitted by copulation, infected foxes played the leading role in epidemic of the disease. investigative results of all farms raising foxes showed infection rate of fox groups was 0.9-21.9%, resulting in abortion rate was 1.5-14.7%, empty rate was 3.2-47.5%. serious ...	1995	7631502
[frequency of isolation of ureaplasma urealyticum in an open population from southern mexico city].	vaginal cultures for ureaplasma urealyticum and confidential questionnaires were obtained from women with signs and symptoms of vaginitis who consulted a physician at a primary health center, tlalpan, d.f., méxico. in all 220 women were studied, 50 (22.7%) of whom were colonized with ureaplasma urealyticum, statistical analysis (x2) showed there was no association between colonization with ureaplasma urealyticum, and age, pregnancy, and other but there was association between colonization with u ...	1995	8552879
sexually transmitted diseases in children and evidence of sexual abuse.	during the period june 1989 to march 1991, laboratory evidence of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) was found in 107 patients at the red cross war memorial children's hospital in cape town. data was available on 96 patients aged 23 months to 14 years (mean 75.9 months). vaginal discharge was the most frequent presenting symptom (76%), particularly in those less than 5 years of age (90%). although a history of abuse was not given on presentation in 62%, evidence of abuse was subsequently elici ...	1995	8556444
disk space infection due to gardnerella vaginalis.		1995	8562762
rapid salt-based mini-scale gardnerella vaginalis dna isolation procedure.		1995	8588908
in-vitro activity of purpuromycin and mdl 63,604 against microorganisms that cause vaginitis and vaginosis.	purpuromycin and its semi-synthetic derivative mdl 63,604 had in-vitro activity similar to that of amphotericin b against isolates of candida albicans. mdl 63,604 had activity similar to that of metronidazole against trichomonas vaginalis. both compounds were very active against most species of gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobes and against gardnerella vaginalis. mdl 63,604 had significantly lower mics than purpuromycin against t. vaginalis and most of the bacteria, probably due to antago ...	1995	8821607
defining bacterial vaginosis: to bv or not to bv, that is the question.	the history of bacterial vaginosis (bv), now extending over more than 40 years, has been remarkable not only in terms of repeatedly changing the name of the bacterium that we now know as gardnerella vaginalis but also in relation to what is thought to constitute the condition, what it should be called and how the diagnosis can best be made. the composite clinical criteria are often confusing for the nonspecialist, provide room for inter-observer error, and misinterpretation of just one criterion ...	1996	8876352
bacterial vaginosis: prevalence in an italian population of asymptomatic pregnant women and diagnostic aspects.	the present study has been carried out with the main objective of determining the prevalence rate of bacterial vaginosis (bv) in a population of asymptomatic pregnant women (8th to 9th month of pregnancy). out of a total 1,441 patients examined bv was found to be present in 70 (4.9%). the diagnosis was made when an analysis of the vaginal discharge revealed the simultaneous presence of at least three out of four of the following laboratory indices: (1) direct gram stain positive (bacterial flora ...	1996	8891543
vaginal microflora associated with bacterial vaginosis in japanese and thai pregnant women.	the vaginal flora of 118 japanese and 208 thai pregnant women were investigated for the presence of bacterial vaginosis (bv), bv-associated organisms, and bv-associated enzyme. a similar prevalence of bv was found among the japanese (13.6%) and thai women (15.9%). the microbial flora of women with bv were complex; the mean number of isolates recovered in the bv group was approximately 2 times more than that in a group of healthy women. prevotella species, porphyromonas species, peptostreptococcu ...	1996	8909838
etiologic study of genitourinary infections in women of childbearing age in bobo-dioulasso, burkina faso, 1992.	genitourinary infections have a major impact on public health, especially in africa. relative distribution of the different pathogens is unknown in bobo-dioulasso.	1996	8919743
[preliminary study on low-trait genital infection and cervical epithelial dysplasia in women from the parakanä tribe of south america].	we evaluated the occurrence of low-trait genital infection and cervical epithelial dysplasia in women from a south-american indian tribe in the brazilian amazonia.	1996	8935669
comparison of in vitro activities of du-6859a and other fluoroquinolones against japanese isolates of anaerobic bacteria.	the in vitro activity of du-6859a, a new fluoroquinolone, was compared with those of other fluoroquinolones against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and gardnerella vaginalis. du-6859a was the most active agent; it inhibited 90% of isolates of almost all species tested, including bacteroides fragilis at < or = 0.39 micrograms/ml. although the other quinolones tested were active against gram-positive anaerobes, inhibiting their growth at < or = 1.56 micrograms/ml, these agents were less ac ...	1996	8953104
[gardnerella vaginalis in reports of cervico-vaginal cytology].	gardnerella vaginalis is a microorganism of great importance because of its participation in some gynecological diseases. data contained in 3421 cervicovaginal cytology reports obtained from the profamilia clinic, cartagena, colombia between june 1993 and february 1994 were analyzed retrospectively and analytically. cells suggestive of gardnerella vaginalis were found in 723 reports, the greatest proportion being in the 25-29, 30-34, 35-39 year-old age groups (without statistical significance). ...	1996	8964347
growth inhibition of metronidazole-susceptible and metronidazole-resistant strains of gardnerella vaginalis by lactobacilli in vitro.	metronidazole resistance was produced in susceptible gardnerella vaginalis after subculture in the presence of metronidazole. metronidazole-resistant gardnerellae were less susceptible to growth inhibition by lactobacillus culture filtrates. a low ph (+/- 4) and lactic acid accounted for 60 to 95% of inhibitory activity, and h2o2 accounted for only 0 to 30%. however, in the presence of myeloperoxidase, h2o2-producing lactobacilli decreased the viability of metronidazole-susceptible gardnerellae ...	1996	8975601
bacterial vaginosis.	bacterial vaginosis (bv) is an alteration of the vaginal flora, where the normally predominant lactobacilli are replaced by a cocktail of organisms including gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobes. it presents with a grey, homogenous, offensive vaginal discharge that has a raised ph. however, around half the women with this condition are asymptomatic. diagnosis is best made by microscopic examination of a gram-stained smear of vaginal secretions. treatment is with metronidazole or clindamycin. the ...	1996	8983322
biotypes of gardnerella vaginalis isolated from urinary tract.	a modified scheme is proposed for biotyping gardnerella vaginalis isolated from urinary tract of symptomatic and asymptomatic women based on detection of hippurate hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase (onpg) and lipase, and fermentation of arabinose, galactose and xylose. thirty biotypes were found among 73 strains. the distribution of biotypes was similar in both populations but the biotypes 1h, 5g and 7g were found more frequently in women without symptoms of urinary tract infection.	1996	8986106
specific immune response against gardnerella vaginalis hemolysin in patients with bacterial vaginosis.	our goal was to study the mucosal host response in bacterial vaginosis by evaluating the presence of a specific immune response elicited against the gardnerella vaginalis hemolysin in vaginal fluids of patients and by verifying its correlation with usual criteria adopted to diagnose bacterial vaginosis.	1996	8987947
[screening for bacterial vaginosis in a population of pregnant women reporting to cardiotocographic tests].	of 753 patients repeatedly controlled by nonstress test the incidence of bacterial vaginosis amounted to 11.28%. as regards the bacterial kinds isolated we have not noticed expressive differences in relation to the different periods of pregnancy, with the exception of the candida albicans that instead has been the more frequent and in constant increase. before the 30th week of pregnancy until the 35th, more variety of bacterial flora, with prevalence of aspecific vaginitis has been observed. the ...	1996	9005375
[microbiological study of some microorganisms implicated in sexually transmitted diseases among the female prison population].	background: sexually transmitted diseases (std) are of over greater interest, particularly since the appearance of the human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv) in the last decade. asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic infections are very frequent, overall in women. the aim of this study was to know the prevalence of certain std producing microorganisms in a female penitentiary population, the clinical characteristics and evaluate the risk factors which may be found in this population. methods: one hundred ...	1996	9011204
balanitis and balanoposthitis: a review.		1996	9038655
[clinical and microbiological evaluation of bacterial vaginosis in women in a hospital from rio cuarto, argentina].	one hundred and seventy nine women of discharge vaginal were studied. endocervical and exocervical samples were obtained. the vaginal fluids samples were processed by the following tests: ph, fishy odor, clue cells observation was done by gram reaction. gardnerella vaginalis was identified through biochemical tests. g. vaginalis (23.4%), c. albicans (21.8%), t. vaginalis (14.5%), n. gonorrhoeae (5.5%) and c. trachomatis (11.7%), were found in 42 women. a 7.1% of forms compatible with mobiluncus ...	1996	9053005
[gardnerella vaginalis in a newborn infant: contamination or infection, apropos of a case].		1996	9092313
evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test for bacterial vaginosis.	to evaluate a new rapid diagnostic test for bacterial vaginosis.	1996	8605135
streptococcus agalactiae: a vaginal pathogen?	the significance of streptococcus agalactiae as an aetiological agent in vaginitis was evaluated. a total of 6226 samples from women who presented with vaginal symptoms was examined. the presence of >10 leucocytes/high-power field (h.p.f.) was taken to be the criterion of active infection. s. agalactiae was isolated from 10.1% of these samples. the isolation rates of other common pathogens such as candida spp., gardnerella vaginalis and trichomonas spp. were 54.1%, 27.2% and 4.2%, respectively, ...	1996	8636937
bacteremia shortly after placental separation during cesarean delivery.	to assess frequency, risk factors, and microbiology of bacteremia within 15 minutes of placental separation during cesarean delivery.	1996	8677085
pelvic inflammatory disease in adolescents.		1996	8681606
bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: distribution of bacterial species in different gram-stain categories of the vaginal flora.	vaginal swabs for microbiological culture were taken from 174 pregnant women whose vaginal flora had been evaluated by gram's stain; 50 had grade iii flora (bacterial vaginosis, bv), 50 grade ii (intermediate), 41 had vaginal flora graded as abnormal which then reverted to grade i (revertants) and 33 had normal flora (controls). the aim was to determine whether bacterial species isolated from women with grade ii flora differed from those with grade iii flora. isolation of lactobacillus spp. decr ...	1996	8683547
[gardnerella vaginalis skenitis].		1996	8695695
genomic dna fingerprint analysis of biotype 1 gardnerella vaginalis from patients with and without bacterial vaginosis.	of the 20 biotype 1 gardnerella vaginalis isolates analyzed, 10 from patients with bacterial vaginosis and 10 from patients without bacterial vaginosis, none shared the same dna fingerprint. however, a 1.18-kb hindiii fragment was common among 18 of the 20 biotype 1 isolates in a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with a 7.9-kb g. vaginalis dna probe.	1996	8748302
bacteriological epidemiology and treatment of bacterial vaginosis.	one hundred symptomatic women with clinical bacterial vaginosis (bv) were enrolled in this study. the bacteriological epidemiology of bv and efficacy of oral or vaginal administration of antimicrobial agents for treatment of bv were investigated. the epidemiology of bv was investigated before antimicrobial therapy. fifty patients were treated with oral administration of metronidazole (mtn), 500 mg twice a day, and 50 patients with 2% clindamycin (cldm) phosphate in a vaginal cream, 5 g once a da ...	1996	8751270
[detection of bacterial vaginosis in gram stained vaginal smears and papanicolaou stained cervical smears].	to determine the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (bv) by papanicolaou (pap)-stained cervical smears and gram-stained vaginal smears according to clinical criteria.	1996	8758276
pathogenic potential of gardnerella vaginalis on the female urogenital system.	the prevalence of certain characteristics of genital discharge like (a) watery variety in sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic 34% and in gynaecology clinic 26.6%, (b) fishy odour in std clinic 29.2% and in gynaecology clinic 12.2% and (c) ph > 4.5 in std clinic 53.6% and in gynaecology clinic 43% was notable. on the other hand, occurrence of "clue cells" (in std clinic 41.4% and in gynaecology clinic 39.5%) did not show difference in the aforesaid clinics. the preponderance of watery disch ...	1996	8776033
polyphasic approach to the classification and identification of gardnerella vaginalis and unidentified gardnerella vaginalis-like coryneforms present in bacterial vaginosis.	a taxonomic study of gardnerella vaginalis and g. vaginalis-like coryneforms was performed in order to clarify the phylogenetic affiliation of these organisms and to improve future identification. we examined 50 strains by performing whole-cell protein and fatty acid analyses, a 16s rrna sequence analysis, and an extensive phenotypic characterization analysis. the results of both chemotaxonomic techniques which we used divided the organisms into two main clusters, and the 16s rrna sequence analy ...	1996	8782675
composition of the lactobacillus acidophilus complex isolated from vaginal flora.	one hundred and fifty human vaginal samples containing a diversity of pathogens or nonpathogens (gardnerella vaginalis, streptococcus sp., staphylococcus sp., candida albicans. mycoplasma sp.) were examined for their content in lactobacilli of the lactobacillus acidophilus complex. although all samples contained lactobacilli, strains of the l. acidophilus complex were present in only twenty-nine cases. isolates were further characterized and compared with type strains or reference strains in an ...	1996	8722308
[a new zoonosis--investigation of gardnerella vaginalis disease of fox. v. studies serotype of gardnerella vaginalis in fox].	145 strains gardnerella vaginalis isolated in foxes were isolated from 13 main farms raising foxes in six provinces (regions), china, after antigenicity and immunogenicity of the strains were measured, 1-3 appropriate strains were selected from each farm raising foxes for serotype studies. cross agglutinin absorption test confirmed that selected 26 strains gardnerella vaginalis were divided into three serotypes and then the representing strains were used to produce typing serum. among remaining ...	1996	9639824
[the role of lower genital tract infection in prom].	the authors conducted a prospective study of the role of lower genital tract infection in ptl and prom in high risk obstetric population with special interest in pathogens colonizing the maternal tract. a total amount of 62 women within 28 to 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled and interviewed. subjects were cultured for gardnerella vaginalis, group b streptococcus, trichomonas vaginalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, bacterioides fragilis, m. hominis, u. urealyticum, chlamydia trachomatis, candida gal ...	1997	9780503
[estimation of cytological smears in women with gardnerella vaginalis infections of vagina and uterine cervix].	among micro-organisms infecting vagina whose dominant genus is gardnerella vaginalis anaerobic bacteria are often present. well-known damaging tissues and cells features of anaerobic bacteria are taken under consideration as factors which are conductive to generating pathological changes in cervical epithelium. the aim of this study was evaluation of cytological smears (pap smear, gram stain and h + e stain) in women with gardnerella vaginalis infections of vagina and uterine cervix. the researc ...	1997	9780509
[colposcopy images of cervix in women with gardnerella vaginalis infection].	among micro-organisms infecting vagina whose dominant genus is gv anaerobic bacteria are often present. there are reports that gv infections of vagina and uterine cervix, apart from their well-known negative role in obstetrics practice can play a role in carcinogenic processes of uterine cervix. the aim of the study was to assess characteristic colposcopy images of cervix in women with gardnerella vaginalis infection. the research was carried out on 1180 women hospitalised in the period of 14 mo ...	1997	9780510
[in vitro inhibition of the growth of gardnerella vaginalis by bacteriocins produced by strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa].	pseudomonas aeruginosa with inhibitory capacity in vitro was studied on gardnerella vaginalis strains.	1997	9527372
diabetes and pregnancy: prophylaxis of genital infections.	diabetic pregnant women have many potential reasons to have genital infections such as poor metabolic control and impairement of leucocyte function. relative immune deficiency exists in pregnancy. this study was designed to test the hypotheses that pregnant patients with insulin-dependent diabetes have a higher rate of ante partum genital infections when compared with a pair-matched control population. two groups of pregnant women consisting of 23 patients with and 23 without diabetes mellitus, ...	1997	9542260
[study on the inactivated vaccine of gardnerella vaginalis of fox. vi. experimental development of the inactivated vaccine of gardnerella vaginalis of fox].	the aluminum hydroxide gel, propolis and oil adjuvant inactivated vaccines were developed by silecting good immunity, representing principal epidemic serotype i gvf44 of gardnerella vaginalis of fox in civil. the results showed that the aluminum hydroxide gel vaccine in safety was better than propolis and oil adjuvant vaccines, the most optimal inactivated concentration of formalin is 0.1%. efficient immunity doses are 4 billon bacteria/1 ml. there were on any bad influences to occur for fox aft ...	1997	9863213
identification and quantification of bifidobacterium species isolated from food with genus-specific 16s rrna-targeted probes by colony hybridization and pcr.	a bifidobacterium genus-specific target sequence in the v9 variable region of the 16s rrna has been elaborated and was used to develop a hybridization probe. the specificity of this probe, named lm3 (5'-cgggtgcti*cccactttcatg-3'), was used to identify all known type strains and distinguish them from other bacteria. all of the 30 type strains of bifidobacterium which are available at the german culture collection deutsche sammlung von mikroorganismen und zellkulturen, 6 commercially available pro ...	1997	9097423
what is normal vaginal flora?	to observe the composition of the vaginal flora of healthy women over time, and in relation to hormonal changes, sexual activity, and hygiene habits.	1997	9155551
evidence for a commensal, symbiotic relationship between gardnerella vaginalis and prevotella bivia involving ammonia: potential significance for bacterial vaginosis.	six strains of prevotella bivia and 4 of gardnerella vaginalis were examined for nutrient substrate utilization as part of ongoing studies on the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis. addition of single amino acids to vaginal defined medium (vdm) was stimulatory to the growth of p. bivia but not to g. vaginalis. however, peptides significantly promoted the growth of both organisms. growth of p. bivia in vdm and vdm supplemented with either amino acids or peptone was accompanied by net ammonia pro ...	1997	9203662
vaginal ph as a marker for bacterial pathogens and menopausal status.	our purpose was to confirm the elevation of vaginal ph expected in patients with bacterial pathogens in premenopausal women and to examine the relationship of serum follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels to vaginal ph in menopausal patients without and with hormone replacement therapy.	1997	9215184
genotypic differentiation of gardnerella vaginalis by amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra).	in total 34 strains of gardnerella vaginalis were analyzed with various molecular techniques in order to find the possibility of dividing this single species into different genotypes. classical ribotyping, pcr-ribotyping and restriction analysis of 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer sequences were all unsuccessful in genotype differentiation of these bacteria. only amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra) was suitable in recognizing different g. vaginalis genotypes. at least 3-4 genotype ...	1997	9215588
garderella vaginalis bacteremia in an adult male.		1997	9228486
multiple c-terminal serine phosphorylation accompanies both protein kinase c-dependent and -independent activation of cytosolic 85 kda phospholipase a2 in macrophages.	exposure of mouse macrophages to either phorbol ester or certain bacteria was previously shown to cause increased phosphorylation of the cytosolic 85 kda phospholipase a2 as well as a stable increase in its catalytic activity. we have now attempted to map the major phosphorylation sites on the enzyme in such cells. phosphorylation occurred on serine residues without a detectable increase in either phosphothreonine or phosphotyrosine. after cnbr cleavage five fragments showed increased 32p labell ...	1997	9230120
[a comparison of 2 clinical laboratory methods in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis].	to determine the sensitivity, the specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of two laboratory methods used to diagnose bacterial vaginosis; gram stain and the gardnerella vaginalis culture, in comparison with the clinical sings of vaginal discharge; homogeneous secretion, ph > 4.7, positive amine test and the presence of clue cells.	1997	9254139
microbiology of semen specimens from males attending a fertility clinic.	the relationship between semen quality, pyospermia and bacteriology was studied in 201 semen specimens from male patients attending a fertility clinic. semen quality parameters were within normal limits in 115 (57%) patients, slightly reduced in 60 (30%), and 26 (13%) had findings indicating reduced fertility. twelve patients (6%) had pyospermia. in 182 patients, 552 microorganisms were detected, including enterobacteriaceae (2.8%), gardnerella vaginalis (9.6%), chlamydia trachomatis (1.6%), myc ...	1997	9269303
ultrastructural characteristics of gardnerella vaginalis infection in the heterosexual couple.	adhesion and penetration of gardnerella vaginalis into the male urethral and female vaginal epithelial cells were evaluated in a prospective cohort study of infected females and their sexual partners. vaginal secretions of 10 women with culture proven g. vaginalis infection and semen samples of their asymptomatic husbands were analyzed with conventional optical and electron microscopy. g. vaginalis was isolated in 50% of the male sexual partners of women harboring the microorganism. g. vaginalis ...	1997	9272231
[the microbial etiology of genital discharges in nouakchott, mauritania].	the survey carried on 579 patients of both sexes, consulting for genital discharges (spontaneous or referred), showed that in 61.1% men cases, std agents were isolated (neisseria gonorrhoeae 51.5%) and 64.4% in women cases (gardnerella vaginalis 24%, candida albicans 20%. trichomonas vaginalis 14%). 17% of neisseria gonorrhoeae strains were penicillinase-producing (ppng).	1997	9289258
vaginal microflora in postmenopausal women who have not received estrogen replacement therapy.	we studied the vaginal microflora of 73 postmenopausal women who had never received estrogen replacement therapy. the median age of these women was 67 years, and none of them had bacterial vaginosis. lactobacilli were detected in 36 (49%) of these women at a mean concentration of 10(5.7) cfu/g of vaginal fluid. h2o2-producing lactobacilli were recovered from 38% of the women. some of the other organisms that were recovered, including gardnerella vaginalis (27% of the women), ureaplasma urealytic ...	1997	9310650
metronidazole. a therapeutic review and update.	the nitroimidazole antibiotic metronidazole has a limited spectrum of activity that encompasses various protozoans and most gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobic bacteria. metronidazole has activity against protozoans like entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia and trichomonas vaginalis, for which the drug was first approved as an effective treatment. anaerobic bacteria which are typically sensitive are primarily gram-negative anaerobes belonging to the bacteroides and fusobacterium spp. gra ...	1997	9360057
molecular evolution of the tet(m) gene in gardnerella vaginalis.	five clinical isolates of gardnerella vaginalis known to carry the tetracycline resistance determinant tet m were examined by hybridization and nucleotide sequencing. four of the strains carried tet(m) genes with identical sequences. the two versions of the tet(m) gene found in g. vaginalis did not show complete identity with other published tet(m) sequences, but showed mosaic structures with regions of homology to tet(m) gene sequences from tn916, tn1545 and the american type plasmid found in n ...	1997	9372426
[vulvovaginitis].	candidiasis, infection due to trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis (gardnerella vaginalis and/or other species) represent the major three causes of vulvo-vaginitis. other are rare bacterial infections and non infectious vaginitis such as allergic and post-menopausal vaginitis with epithelial atrophy. clues for the diagnosis include the clinical features of vaginal discharge, cytological examinations, bacterial and fungal cultures. only t. vaginalis seems to be responsible of sexually tr ...	1997	9406511
[laboratory diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis].	microbiological analysis of discharge from the genitals in passenger car conductors (5787 women and 1496 men aged 20 to 40) showed gardnerella vaginalis to be the most frequent agent of urogenital infection. it was isolated in 26% cases, whereas trichomonas were isolated in 2.5%, fungi in 1.5%, and gonococci in 0.27% cases. the diagnosis of gardnerellosis is reliable if the key cells are found. monoinfection with g. vaginalis was diagnosed in 80% patients, the overwhelming majority (74%) of carr ...	1997	9410459
[diagnosis of chlamydia and gardnerella infection in patients with acute gynecological diseases].	chlamydial infection was diagnosed by indirect immunofluorescence in 26.3% and gardnerella infection in 28.7% of patients with acute gynecological diseases. the degree of vaginal contamination in patients with chlamydiasis was virtually the same as in all other examinees, whereas in patients with gardnerellosis the third and fourth degrees of purity predominated. hence, assessment of the vaginal contamination (purity) is an additional criterion for screening for gardnerellosis but providing no c ...	1997	9410461
impact of metronidazole therapy on preterm birth in women with bacterial vaginosis flora (gardnerella vaginalis): a randomised, placebo controlled trial.	to ascertain whether metronidazole treatment of women with a heavy growth of gardnerella vaginalis during mid-pregnancy would reduce the risk of spontaneous preterm birth.	1997	9422018
semisynthetic derivatives of purpuromycin as potential topical agents for vaginal infections.	purpuromycin (1) is an antibiotic with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, encompassing bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, particularly those involved in vaginal infections. with the aim of enhancing the solubility and reducing the serum binding, a chemical program of modifications was undertaken on the natural compound, and a new interesting series of derivatives at the naphthoquinone system was synthesized and evaluated as potential topical agents for vaginal infections. in particular thre ...	1997	9083486
reactive arthritis due to gardnerella vaginalis. a case-report.		1997	9085451
labial and vaginal microbiology: effects of extended panty liner use.	objective: the goals of this study were 1) to better define the labial microflora and 2) to evaluate whether extended non-menstrual use of panty liners would increase genital carriage of undesirable bacteria and predispose to infection.methods: healthy female volunteers (224) were prospectively randomized into panty liner wear groups a (always((r)) deodorant) and b (always((r)) non-deodorant) and into a control group c (no panty liner wear) with instructions for non-menstrual +/- menstrual use > ...	1997	18476146
interrelationships within the bacterial flora of the female genital tract.	analysis of 240 consecutive vaginal swabs using the compatibility profile technique revealed that only 2 bacteria have the ability to be a sole isolate and as such a candidate to be a major aerobic regulator of the bacterial flora of the female genital tract (bffgt). compatibility profiles of lactobacillus and gardnerella vaginalis have shown that these organisms shared compatibility profiling for the majority of the normal bacterial constituents of the female genital tract. dominance disruption ...	1997	18476156
a prospective study of the correlation between genital pathogens and morbidity following diathermy loop excision of the transformation zone.	a prospective study of 48 women was carried out to estimate the incidence of common genital pathogens in women referred to colposcopy clinic requiring diathermy loop excision and to compare patient morbidity in the subgroups with and without genital pathogens. of the 43 women included in the analysis, genital pathogens were present in 24 cases (56%) and absent in 19 (44%) of the 24 positive cases, 19 (79%) women had pathogen(s) on the cervical swab, 24 (100%) had pathogen(s) on the high vaginal ...	1997	15511779
gardnerella vaginalis causing tubo-ovarian abscess.		1997	15511782
bacterial vaginosis and lower genital tract infections in women attending out-patient clinics at a tertiary institution serving a developing community.	the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and other lower genital tract infections were determined in women from a developing community. patients were recruited from four out-patient clinics of a large urban tertiary referral hospital serving the indigent black population of kwazulu/natal, south africa. a total of 208 women attending the sexually transmitted diseases (std) (n = 51), colposcopy (n =50), family planning (n = 52) and antenatal (n = 55) clinics were investigated. endocervical and vagina ...	1997	15511815
the determination of phospholipase a2 enzyme activity in the vaginal secretions of pregnant and non-pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis-and in culture exudates of its causative organisms.	bacterial vaginosis (bv) is presently being cited as a probable cause of premature labour, where it is thought that an abnormal excess of phospholipase a2 enzyme (pla2 ), generated by infecting organisms, prematurely liberates prostaglandins, which trigger-off the labour process. pla levels of pregnant and non-pregnant women, with and without bv infection were compared. the in vitro concentrations of pla2 in broth cultures of infecting organisms were also measured. mean pla2 level in non-infecte ...	1997	15511858