Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| group b streptococcus and pregnancy. | group b streptococcus is a significant pathogen for both mother and child. routine urine culture in pregnancy will identify and allow treatment of women with asymptomatic bacteriuria. an optimal protocol for the prevention of neonatal sepsis has not yet been developed. while intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis appears to provide the best potential, each of the currently suggested protocols has significant drawbacks. drawbacks include the potential for missing high-risk carriers, failure to tre ... | 1996 | 8731488 |
| a simple, quantitative, reproducible avidin-biotin elisa for the evaluation of group b streptococcus type-specific antibodies in humans. | type-specific antibodies to the capsular polysaccharides (cp) of group b streptococcus (gbs) are protective. historically, the radioactive antigen-binding assay (raba) has been used to determine gbs antibody levels. this method measures total immunoglobulin and employs the use of radioactive materials. we have developed an avidin-biotin elisa that is less hazardous and is able to measure gbs ia, ib, ii or iii cp specific igg. to avoid inconsistent binding to the plate, the cps from gbs ia, ib, i ... | 1996 | 8735557 |
| probable community acquisition of group b streptococcus in an infant with late-onset disease: demonstration using field inversion gel electrophoresis. | 1996 | 8673208 | |
| bacteremia shortly after placental separation during cesarean delivery. | to assess frequency, risk factors, and microbiology of bacteremia within 15 minutes of placental separation during cesarean delivery. | 1996 | 8677085 |
| structural and immunochemical characterization of the type viii group b streptococcus capsular polysaccharide. | the type viii capsular polysaccharide has been isolated and purified from a newly described strain of group b streptococcus which is a leading cause of sepsis and neonatal meningitis in japan. the polysaccharide contains d-glucose, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, and sialic acid in the molar ratio 1:1:1:1. by means of high resolution 1h nuclear magnetic resonance (1h nmr), 13c nmr, and homo- and heterocorrelated nmr, the repeating unit structure of the type viii polysaccharide was delineated as the fol ... | 1996 | 8621515 |
| lung hyaluronan decreases during group b streptococcal pneumonia in neonatal piglets. | neonatal group b streptococcus (gbs) sepsis and pneumonia result in lung injury and remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the newborn. increased lung hyaluronan (ha) content is an important component of the lung's early response to damage in diseases such as adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards), infant respiratory distress syndrome (irds), and bleomycin-induced fibrosis. it is known, however, that gbs virulence factors include specific secretory enzymes such as hyaluronidase, ... | 1996 | 8630603 |
| protective activity of a murine monoclonal antibody against acute and chronic experimental infection with type iv group b streptococcus. | a murine igm monoclonal antibody (mab h11) was developed against the type polysaccharide capsular antigen of group b streptococcus (gbs), serotype iv, after intraperitoneal immunisation of balb/c mice with heat-killed bacteria. mab h11 reacted in immunodiffusion with the purified polysaccharide in both its sialylated and desialylated form, giving a line of identity, and opsonised type iv gbs strains in an in vitro assay. when administered at the time of intraperitoneal lethal challenge with homo ... | 1996 | 8636965 |
| prevention of perinatal group b streptococcal disease: a public health perspective. centers for disease control and prevention. | group b streptococcus is a leading cause of serious neonatal infection. most neonatal gbs infections can be prevented through the use of intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis in women who are at increased risk for transmitting the infection to their newborns. however, despite clinical trials that demonstrate the effectiveness of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, prevention strategies have not been implemented widely or consistently, and the incidence of neonatal gbs disease has not declined. t ... | 1996 | 8637497 |
| population structure of streptococcus agalactiae reveals an association between specific evolutionary lineages and putative virulence factors but not disease. | to evaluate the genetic diversity and relationships in a collection of 85 danish strains of streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus) we have performed restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis on ecori- and mspi-digested whole-cell dna using as probes rrna, dna fragments representing the genes encoding hyaluronidase, c5a-peptidase, alpha-antigen, and beta-antigen as well as two randomly selected genomic dna fragments for which the coding potential is unknown. in addition, we have ... | 1996 | 8641801 |
| cell growth rate regulates expression of group b streptococcus type iii capsular polysaccharide. | the capsular polysaccharide (cps) of group b streptococci (gbs) is an important virulence factor that also serves to protect cells from nonspecific host defense mechanisms. expression of cps by gbs, as with other encapsulated bacterial pathogens, is not constitutive but varies during growth in vitro and in primary cultures isolated from different sites of infection. despite this understanding, little is known about regulation of this surface-expressed carbohydrate antigen in gbs. here we report ... | 1996 | 8606082 |
| interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor alpha mediate innate production of gamma interferon by group b streptococcus-treated splenocytes of severe combined immunodeficiency mice. | the existence of interleukin-12-mediated innate immune responses to group b streptococci (gbs) was tested by examining t-lymphocyte-independent gamma interferon (ifn) production in cultured splenocytes from severe combined immunodeficiency mice. splenocytes were cultured with killed or living gbs for 48 h, and then ifn was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. type iii gbs as well as other extracellular bacterial agents of neonatal sepsis (staphylococci and enterococci) induced ifn prod ... | 1996 | 8606095 |
| synthesis and nmr assignment of two repeating units (decasaccharide) of the type iii group b streptococcus capsular polysaccharide and its 13c-labeled and n-propionyl substituted sialic acid analogues. | for the purpose of carrying out a comprehensive investigation into the nature of the conformational epitope of the type iii group b streptococcus polysaccharide, combined chemical and enzymatic methods were applied to the synthesis of three decasaccharide probes, namely beta-d-glc-(1-->6)[alpha-neur-(2-->3)-beta-d-gal-(1-->4)] -beta-d-glcnac-(1-->3)-beta-d-gal-(1-->4)-beta-d- glc-(1-->6)[alpha-neur-(2-->3)-beta-d-gal-(1-->4)]-beta-d-glcnac-( 1-->3) -beta-d-gal-ome (22 neur = neuac; 23 neur = neu ... | 1996 | 9002193 |
| immunogenicity of group b streptococcus type iii polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid vaccine in baboons. | maternal vaccination has been proposed as a rational approach for the prevention of neonatal group b streptococcal (gbs) disease. in this study, baboons were used as a nonhuman primate model to evaluate the immunogenicity of a gbs type iii glycoconjugate vaccine. type iii-specific immunoglobulin g with opsonic activity was induced after vaccination with type iii polysaccharide coupled to tetanus toxoid administered with an aluminum adjuvant. this suggests that baboons could be used in evaluating ... | 1996 | 8550227 |
| ethical issues associated with routine screening and prophylaxis for group b streptococcus in pregnancy. | an increased awareness of the impact of group b streptococcus (gbs) infection on neonatal outcome has prompted several seemingly discordant committee recommendations. intrapartum antibiotics are effective in reducing the risk of neonatal morbidity when administered to a colonized woman who has a clinical condition that places her neonate at high risk for early-onset sepsis. however, less is known about the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in the colonized woman who does not have obvious risk ... | 1996 | 18476063 |
| antibiotic prophylaxis for presumptive group b streptococcal infection in preterm premature rupture of the membranes: effect on neonatal and maternal infectious morbidity. | objective: the purpose of this study was to determine if the prevalence of neonatal and maternal infectious morbidity in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes (prom) who received ampicillin prophylaxis for presemptive group b streptococcal colonization is increased compared to those who received no prophylaxis.methods: the charts of all patients with preterm prom who delivered between january 1988 and december 1993 were retrospectively reviewed. the routine use of ampicillin proph ... | 1996 | 18476117 |
| longitudinal study of group b streptococcus carriage in pregnancy. | 1997 | 18476144 | |
| statistical models for vaginal microflora: identifying women at risk for group b streptococcus colonization as a test of concept. | objective: the purpose of this study was to formulate a statistical model that relates human microflora to probabilities for vaginal colonization by group b streptococcus (gbs).methods: longitudinal observations of total bacterial concentrations at various times during the menstrual cycle were obtained from overtly healthy, non-pregnant, menarcheal women. during each menstrual period and at appropriate intermenstrual times, the duplicate swab technique was used to sample the vaginal vault to obt ... | 1997 | 18476181 |
| neonatal deaths in the asir region of saudi arabia: experience in a referral neonatal intesive care unit. | we reviewed a total of 169 deaths among 969 infants referred from various health institutions in the asir region to the neonatal intensive care unit of asir central hospital, abha, saudi arabia, during a four-year period (january 1992 to december 1995). the results showed that the major causes of neonatal mortality in the region were low birth weight (lbw) (45%), congenital malformations (cm) (30.8%), infection (13.6%), and birth asphyxia (7.7%). the majority of the lbw infants died from respira ... | 1997 | 17339782 |
| group b streptococcus bacteremia in nonpregnant adults. | we report the largest series of group b streptococcal (gbs) bacteremia cases reported at a single institution. | 1997 | 9009979 |
| group b streptococcus colonization in pregnant diabetic women. | to evaluate the influence of maternal diabetes on the risk of group b streptococcus colonization during pregnancy. | 1997 | 9015031 |
| the role of ureaplasma urealyticum in adverse pregnancy outcome. | we investigated ureaplasma urealyticum genital tract colonization rates in an australian population to determine whether colonization was associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. women attending an antenatal clinic were evaluated for lower genital tract colonization at their first antenatal visit (162 women) and at 28 weeks' gestation (120 women). placentas from 92 women were cultured. u. urealyticum was the predominant isolate from the lower (57.4%) and upper (17.4%) genital tract in this pop ... | 1997 | 9075546 |
| influence of diabetes on group b streptococcus colonization in the pregnant patient. | to compare the incidence of group b streptococcus colonization in diabetic (n = 98) and nondiabetic (n = 10) patients, 199 pregnant women were cultured at the vaginal introitus using a standardised technique. eight diabetic patients had positive findings for group b streptococcus cultures, and three nondiabetic patients had positive cultures. no significant difference (p = .109) was found in the group b streptococcus colonization rates between these two groups of patients. in addition, no signif ... | 1997 | 9086431 |
| nmr and molecular dynamics studies of the conformational epitope of the type iii group b streptococcus capsular polysaccharide and derivatives. | the conformational epitope of the type iii group b streptococcus capsular polysaccharide (gbsp iii) exhibits unique properties which can be ascribed to the presence of sialic acid in its structure and the requirement for an extended binding site. by means of nmr and molecular dynamics studies on gbsp iii and its fragments, the extended epitope of gbsp iii was further defined. the influence of sialic acid on the conformational properties of gbsp iii was examined by performing conformational analy ... | 1997 | 9116006 |
| characterization of two distinct opsonic and protective epitopes within the alpha c protein of the group b streptococcus. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a major cause of neonatal sepsis, meningitis in early infancy, postpartum endometritis, and serious invasive infections in adults in the united states. we previously cloned, sequenced, and characterized the alpha antigen gene, bca, and showed that the alpha c protein of gbs is a trypsin-resistant, surface-associated polypeptide that contains a signal sequence, a unique n terminus, nine identical tandem repeats, and a c-terminal membrane anchor structure. polyclonal ... | 1997 | 9119488 |
| soluble e-selectin in cancer patients as a marker of the therapeutic efficacy of cm101, a tumor-inhibiting anti-neovascularization agent, evaluated in phase i clinical trail. | a polysaccharide toxin, gbs toxin, is produced by group b streptococcus (gbs) isolates from neonates who died of "early-onset disease". gbs toxin, named cm101 in the clinic, was hypothesized, on the basis of our previous in vivo studies, to induce inflammation in pulmonary neovasculature in neonates by cross-linking of embryonic receptors still expressed after birth and in tumor neovasculature in adults. immunohisto chemical in vitro analysis of human biopsies showed that tumor neovasculature is ... | 1997 | 9119883 |
| surfactant protein a-deficient mice are susceptible to group b streptococcal infection. | to determine the role of surfactant protein a (sp-a) in host defense, the murine sp-a locus was targeted by homologous recombination to produce mice lacking sp-a. sp-a -/- and control mice were infected with group b streptococcus (gbs) by intratracheal instillation. pulmonary infiltration 6 and 24 h following infection was more severe in sp-a -/- than in control mice, and was associated with increased numbers of gbs in lung homogenates. dissemination of gbs to the spleen was observed more freque ... | 1997 | 9126996 |
| streptococcus b meningitis in post-partum. | we report a case of post-partum meningitis due to group b-streptococcus developing 24 h after vaginal delivery. diagnosis was established by latex agglutination of streptococcus b-antigenes and confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid-culture later on. clinical and haematological signs of meningitis disappeared after treatment with ampicillin. in a review of the literature we found eight other cases of streptococcal post-partum meningitis. in all of these cases, delivery was vaginal and no antibioprophy ... | 1997 | 9138140 |
| ampicillin susceptibilities of vaginal and placental isolates of group b streptococcus and escherichia coli obtained between 1992 and 1994. | vaginal group b streptococcus (gbs) and escherichia coli isolates were tested for their susceptibilities to ampicillin. all 414 gbs isolates tested were susceptible to ampicillin; the mic at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (mic90) was 0.125 microg/ml, and the range was 0.06 to 0.25 microg/ml. the mic50 for the 342 e. coli isolates tested was 4.0 microg/ml, and 27% were resistant to ampicillin. | 1997 | 9145894 |
| [neonatal meningitis: study of 56 cases]. | the objective of this study was to know the most common organisms causing neonatal meningitis in a defined region of southern madrid, the developmental outcome of these babies and the risk factors associated with the prognosis. | 1997 | 9157811 |
| endocarditis caused by nonhemolytic group b streptococcus. | we report a case of bacterial endocarditis caused by nonhemolytic group b streptococcus (gbs) in a 67-year-old man with no predisposing risk factors. nonhemolytic gbs strains rarely cause illness and are usually detected in perinatal infections. we believe this to be the first reported case of endocarditis caused by a nonhemolytic strain of gbs. | 1997 | 9163498 |
| increase of staphylococci in neonatal septicaemia: a fourteen-year study. | all cases of neonatal septicaemia during 1981-94 were studied at orebro medical centre hospital, sweden. one hundred and thirty-two children fulfilled laboratory and clinical criteria for neonatal septicaemia and were included. staphylococcus aureus (n = 41), group b streptococcus (gbs) (n = 32) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) (n = 27) were the dominating aetiologies. the annual incidence of septicaemia increased significantly, from 2.3 cases during the first 7-year period to 3.3 per ... | 1997 | 9183495 |
| blood-brain barrier permeability during the development of experimental bacterial meningitis in the rat. | in an attempt to examine whether routes of bacterial entry into the central nervous system have any bearing on subsequent changes in blood-brain barrier permeability, we examined cerebrospinal fluid (csf) penetration of circulating 125i-albumin in two different models of experimental meningitis due to k1 escherichia coli, type iii group b streptococcus, or haemophilus influenzae type b in infant rats: hematogenous meningitis subsequent to subcutaneous inoculation of bacteria vs meningitis induce ... | 1997 | 9184127 |
| destructive polyarthritis due to a group b streptococcus. | a new case of destructive polyarthritis due to a group b streptococcus is reported. the patient was a 55-year-old male whose predominantly axial manifestations in the absence of evidence of an infection initially suggested psoriatic arthritis. although rare, group b streptococcal arthritis has been reported outside the postpartal and neonatal periods. monoarthritis with a favorable outcome has been the most common clinical pattern. several cases of destructive polyarthritis with axial involvemen ... | 1997 | 9190008 |
| [spondylodiscitis caused by streptococcus agalactiae]. | two previously healthy adults, a man aged 69 and a woman aged 51 years, presented with spondylitis caused by streptococcus agalactiae. one patient had fever and acute pain in the neck, the other progressive pain in the lower back. from cultures of blood and bone respectively. s. agalactiae was isolated. both patients recovered after treatment with benzylpenicillin. s. agalactiae (group b streptococcus) is a wellknown cause of invasive infections in neonates and pregnant adults. infections in non ... | 1997 | 9190511 |
| [evaluation of three rapid methods for intrapartum detection of group b streptococcus]. | the goal of this study was to evaluate three methods for rapid group b streptococcus (gbs) intrapartum vaginal detection. | 1997 | 9214232 |
| [characteristics of group b streptococcus vertical transmission]. | the goal of this study was to compare the characteristics of group b streptococcus (gbs) or streptococcus agalactiae vertical transmission in woman, receiving or not intrapartum. antimicrobial prophylaxis, at risk of delivering an infant with grs disease. | 1997 | 9214233 |
| prevention of group b streptococcus infection in neonates. | to review the epidemiology of group b streptococcus (gbs) infection, risk factors for infection, and clinical manifestations of disease in the neonate, as well as the role of chemoprophylaxis and immunoprophylaxis in prevention of gbs disease and current recommendations for prevention. | 1997 | 9220054 |
| persistence of penicillin g benzathine in pregnant group b streptococcus carriers. | to determine if streptococcicidal levels of penicillin g benzathine can be detected in maternal serum 4 weeks after treatment with 4.8 million units. | 1997 | 9241301 |
| [factors associated with the prognosis of bacterial meningitis in children]. | treatment of bacterial meningitis depends on its severity. the signs, symptoms, and laboratory values of 51 patients with bacterial meningitis admitting to the department of pediatrics at sendai city hospital from january 1985 to december 1994 were analyzed in order to evaluate their prognostic value. the overall mortality rate was 3.9%. the incidence of neurological deficit on discharge was 31.4%. according to their prognoses, patients were divided into two groups: those who recovered with no d ... | 1997 | 9248288 |
| effect of cleansing the birth canal with antiseptic solution on maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality in malawi: clinical trial. | to determine if cleansing the birth canal with an antiseptic at delivery reduces infections in mothers and babies postnatally. | 1997 | 9253269 |
| clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive group b streptococcal infections in nonpregnant adults in taiwan. | to understand group b streptococcal infections other than peripartum events in adults and to provide a regional antimicrobial therapy guide, we conducted a retrospective analysis of invasive diseases caused by group b streptococcus (gbs) in 33 nonpregnant adults treated in a medical center in southern taiwan, from january 1993 to july 1994. antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the agar dilution method. the incidence of the disease was 1.6 per 1,000 nonpregnant adult admissions ... | 1997 | 9290273 |
| group b streptococcus and pregnancy: update and recommendations. | 1997 | 9290283 | |
| antibiotic therapy for reduction of infant morbidity after preterm premature rupture of the membranes. a randomized controlled trial. national institute of child health and human development maternal-fetal medicine units network. | intrauterine infection is thought to be one cause of preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pprom). antibiotic therapy has been shown to prolong pregnancy, but the effect on infant morbidity has been inconsistent. | 1997 | 9307346 |
| immunization with a single-repeat alpha c protein may prevent escape of lower repeat mutants of group b streptococcus. | 1997 | 9331787 | |
| role of complement and complement receptor c1qr in the antibody-independent killing of group b streptococcus. | 1997 | 9331805 | |
| development of a group b streptococcus (gbs) cloning system. | 1997 | 9331820 | |
| specificity of the hyaluronate lyase of group-b streptococcus toward unsulphated regions of chondroitin sulphate. | the purification and properties of a hyaluronate lyase secreted by streptococcus agalactiae, which is believed to facilitate the invasion of host tissues by the organism, have been described previously [pritchard, lin, willingham and baker (1994) arch. biochem. biophys. 315, 431-436]. the specificity of the limited cleavage of chondroitin sulphate by the enzyme is the subject of this report. to simplify the task, a chondroitin sulphate from the swarm rat chondrosarcoma, which contains only 4-sul ... | 1997 | 9355736 |
| patient preference for self-collected cultures for group b streptococcus in pregnancy. | to determine pregnant women's preference for self-culture technique, 251 women between 24 and 42 weeks' gestation were interviewed after performing self-collected cultures (vaginal and rectal) for group b streptococcus. patient receptiveness to self-culture, the ability to perform self-culture, and the desire for choice in the future were derived using the patient preference tool. the majority of women (77%, n = 194) gave positive descriptions of self-culture technique, and the majority of women ... | 1997 | 9358704 |
| minimization of the number of pregnant women to be treated with preventive procedure against gbs infection by means of antibody measurement. gbs infection group. | to study preventive strategies, it is essential to screen pregnant women having group b streptococcus (gbs) infection in the birth canal. for the purpose of studying preventive measures against this infection, nationwide multicenter research was performed in gbs-carrying pregnant women. of a total of 10,267 pregnant women, 1860 cases (18.1%) had gbs. the most common serotypes of detected gbs were type nt6 and jm9, followed by type iii, type ia and then type ib. type-specific antibody titer was b ... | 1997 | 9363650 |
| maternal colonization with group b streptococcus and prelabor rupture of membranes at term: the role of induction of labor. termprom study group. | our purpose was to determine the effect of induction of labor on neonatal infection if mothers are group b streptococci positive and have prelabor rupture of membranes at term. | 1997 | 9369819 |
| inactivation of the alpha c protein antigen gene, bca, by a novel shuttle/suicide vector results in attenuation of virulence and immunity in group b streptococcus. | the alpha c protein of group b streptococcus (gbs) is a major surface-associated antigen. although its role in the biology and virulence of gbs has not been defined, it is opsonic and capable of eliciting protective immunity. the alpha c protein is widely distributed among clinical isolates and is a potential protein carrier and antigen in conjugate vaccines to prevent gbs infections. the structural gene for the alpha c protein, bca, has been cloned and sequenced. the protein encoded by bca is r ... | 1997 | 9371832 |
| prolonged rupture of membranes in the term newborn. | of 8791 consecutive newborns, we studied 205 (2.3%) women with a history of prolonged rupture of membranes (prom) greater than 24 hr to assess the incidence of infection, to identify the rate of clinical symptoms, and to examine the use of the white blood count (wbc) and neutrophil values as screening tools to predict infection. blood culture and complete blood counts (cbc) were obtained in 175 (85%). fifteen (8.2%) had positive blood cultures including group b streptococcus, streptococcus virid ... | 1997 | 9376011 |
| bacterial meningitis in the united states in 1995. active surveillance team. | before the introduction of the conjugate vaccines, haemophilus influenzae type b was the major cause of bacterial meningitis in the united states, and meningitis was primarily a disease of infants and young children. we describe the epidemiologic features of bacterial meningitis five years after the h. influenzae type b conjugate vaccines were licensed for routine immunization of infants. | 1997 | 9395430 |
| group b streptococcus: maternal carriage rate and early neonatal septicaemia. | between january 1984 and december 1994, 30 cases of early neonatal group b streptococcus (gbs) septicaemia were managed in the neonatal unit, university hospital, kuala lumpur. two neonates were outborn and 28 were inborn, giving an average annual incidence of neonatal gbs septicaemia of 0.4/1000 livebirths among inborn babies. in a separate survey over a three-month period, gbs genital carriage rate among 196 parturients was found to be 9.7%. of the infants with gbs septicaemia, the mean gestat ... | 1997 | 9395802 |
| group b streptococcal meningitis in adults: report of twelve cases and review. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is the leading etiologic agent of bacterial meningitis and sepsis during the neonatal period, but it is an infrequent cause of meningitis in adults. we report 12 episodes of group b streptococcal meningitis in adults and review 52 cases reported in the literature. a total of 24 men and 40 women were included in the study; the mean age (+/- sd) was 49.2 +/- 20.5 years (range, 17-89 years). all the patients had cerebrospinal fluid cultures positive for gbs. eighty-six p ... | 1997 | 9402379 |
| postpartum epidural abscess due to group b streptococcus. | 1997 | 9402395 | |
| [role of group b streptococcus serotype v in materno-fetal infections]. | the classification of serogroup b streptococci in serotype is based on the structural differences of capsular polysaccharides and on presence or absence of a protein c antigen. they are classified as ia, ia/c, ib/c, ii, ii/c, iii, iv and v. the serotype v, unknown in 1970, seems emerging, and is placed in third position of frequency in some american studies. we have therefore decided to evaluate its frequency in paris. | 1997 | 9488740 |
| streptococcus difficile is a nonhemolytic group b, type ib streptococcus. | whole-cell protein electrophoretic analysis of the type strain of streptococcus difficile (lmg 15799) revealed that this organism was indistinguishable from streptococcus agalactiae strains. although lmg 15799t (t = type strain) was originally described as serologically untypeable, we found that this strain was a group b streptococcus belonging to the capsular polysaccharide antigen type ib group. the biochemical reactivity of s. difficile, which differed from the biochemical reactivity of typic ... | 1997 | 8995807 |
| chemoprophylaxis for group b streptococcus transmission in neonates. | gbs causes infection in 1.35-5.4 neonates per 1000 live births. early-onset gbs infection in neonates develops rapidly and has a high mortality rate. preventing the transmission of gbs to neonates is of considerable value to avert neonatal morbidity and mortality. although some controversy exists regarding who should receive chemoprophylaxis and when, aap guidelines suggest that all pregnant women be screened between 26 and 28 weeks' gestation for gbs colonization by obtaining swabs form vagina ... | 1997 | 8997476 |
| use of gen-probe accuprobe group b streptococcus test to detect group b streptococci in broth cultures of vaginal-anorectal specimens from pregnant women: comparison with traditional culture method. | detection of vaginal-anorectal colonization with group b streptococci (gbs) is critical to the prevention of neonatal gbs disease. the recommended method for the detection of gbs is culture of the distal vagina and anorectum in a selective broth medium followed by subculture to solid media and identification of gbs on the solid media. the purpose of this study was to compare this standard culture method with the detection of gbs directly from an enrichment broth by utilizing the gen-probe accupr ... | 1997 | 8968896 |
| [the role of lower genital tract infection in prom]. | the authors conducted a prospective study of the role of lower genital tract infection in ptl and prom in high risk obstetric population with special interest in pathogens colonizing the maternal tract. a total amount of 62 women within 28 to 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled and interviewed. subjects were cultured for gardnerella vaginalis, group b streptococcus, trichomonas vaginalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, bacterioides fragilis, m. hominis, u. urealyticum, chlamydia trachomatis, candida gal ... | 1997 | 9780503 |
| penetrating mitral valve annular abscess. | we report a rare case of occult myocardial abscess due to group b streptococcus that arose several weeks following streptococcal pneumonia. hemopericardium was the initial presentation. visualization of the abscess cavity was not possible with transthoracic echocardiography. a definitive diagnosis was made by left ventricular imaging during coronary arteriography. rupture of the left ventricular free wall occurred during induction of anesthesia for operative exploration and debridement. patch re ... | 1997 | 9427131 |
| can pregnant women obtain their own specimens for group b streptococcus? a comparison of maternal versus physician screening. the mount sinai gbs screening group. | we aimed to compare the group b streptococcus (gbs) detection rate when pregnant women performed their own vaginal/anorectal swabs with that from the standard practice of physician-performed swabs. | 1997 | 9472376 |
| preterm birth: the role of infection and inflammation. | preterm birth is the leading preventable cause of neonatal morbidity. evidence shows that common genitourinary infections, which can easily be treated, cause large numbers of babies to be born prematurely. because of their biologically immature organs, these newborns require intensive neonatal care, which leads to excess hospital costs early in life (approximately $3000/day at the university of colorado). long term, these children require follow-up for a range of disabling conditions, such as ce ... | 1997 | 9746700 |
| clinical trials of anti-vascular agent group b streptococcus toxin (cm101). | 1997 | 14517391 | |
| carriage of group b streptococcus in pregnant women and newborns: a 2-year study at perugia general hospital. | objective: to study the prevalence of group b streptococcus (gbs) colonization in pregnant women and their newborns at perugia general hospital. methods: the number of mother---child pairs examined was 2300. vaginal swabs were collected from the mothers at delivery, and auricular and pharyngeal swabs and gastric aspirate from the newborns at birth. maternal risk factors for gbs disease, including premature delivery, intrapartum fever, prolonged rupture of membranes and multiple births, were eval ... | 1997 | 11864128 |
| group b streptococcus: rapid intrapartum detection and influence of density of maternal colonization on vertical transmission. | 1997 | 11864170 | |
| rhabdomyolysis and group b streptococcus meningitis in an elderly patient with hairy cell leukemia. | 1997 | 11864218 | |
| experimental study on distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial patterns of group b streptococcus strains. | to obtain information on the distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial agent susceptibilities to group b streptococcus (gbs) strains isolated in beijing area from 1991 to 1996. | 1998 | 11245048 |
| assessment of office-based care of sexually transmitted diseases and vaginitis and antibiotic decision-making by obstetrician-gynecologists. | survey office-based obstetric-gynecologic practitioners regarding their knowledge of infectious disease care and antibiotic use. | 1998 | 9972486 |
| [neonatal pneumonia]. | early neonatal pneumonia is mainly caused by bacteria, group b streptococcus, escherichia coli and listeria being the most frequently involved; herpes simplex is the main viral agent. these agents may also be responsible for late forms, besides chlamydia trachomatis and the pathogen agents of community acquired pneumonia. due to the severity of the bacterial pneumonias, treatment must be started with a large spectrum antibiotherapy, and later on adapted according to the results of bacteriologica ... | 1998 | 10223164 |
| functional studies on the anti-pathoangiogenic properties of cm101. | group b streptococcus (gbs) isolated from human neonates diagnosed with sepsis and respiratory distress produces a polysaccharide exotoxin (cm101) which has been previously described as gbs toxin. cm101 infused i.v. into tumor-bearing mice causes rapid tumor neovascularitis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, inhibition of tumor growth and tumor apoptosis. cm101 has successfully completed phase i studies in refractory cancer patients with very encouraging results. we have now demonstrated a mec ... | 1998 | 14517462 |
| group b streptococcal metastatic endophthalmitis in an elderly man without predisposing illness. | our patient, an 83-year-old man, suddenly experienced acute lumbago and was prescribed bed rest. later, pneumonia was diagnosed, even though he had no predisposing illness, and endophthalmitis developed in both eyes. cultures of anterior chamber and vitreous specimens were positive for group b streptococcus. treatment with systemic antibiotics, to which this bacteria is sensitive, was begun and his condition gradually improved. nevertheless, the patient became blind in his right eye and the eye ... | 1998 | 9749872 |
| properties of human anti-group b streptococcal type iii capsular igg antibody. | the group b streptococcus is the commonest cause of bacterial infection in the newborn. in an attempt to prevent these infections, various vaccines are in development, most of which contain at least one of the capsular carbohydrates of the bacterium. we present new detailed data on the natural human antibody response to the type iii capsular carbohydrate as we believe it is important to ascertain equivalent data for any new candidate vaccine in order to predict efficacy. we demonstrate that natu ... | 1998 | 9473378 |
| timing of intrapartum ampicillin and prevention of vertical transmission of group b streptococcus. | to evaluate the relationship between the time elapsed from the administration of ampicillin prophylaxis to delivery and its efficacy in interrupting intrapartum transmission of group b streptococcus. | 1998 | 9464732 |
| fatal maternal beta-hemolytic group b streptococcal meningitis: a case report. | meningitis secondary to beta-hemolytic group b streptococcus is rare and represents less than 1% of cases of adult meningitis. we report the first known case of maternal mortality attributed to beta-hemolytic group b streptococcal meningitis. a 23-year-old african-american woman with a benign prenatal course delivered a viable male infant at term. labor was complicated by thick meconium for which a saline amnioinfusion was utilized. on postpartum day 1, the patient complained of right hip pain a ... | 1998 | 10064199 |
| immunoreactivity of human fetal membranes to peptidoglycan polysaccharide (pgps): cytokine response. | group-b streptococcus has been associated with preterm labor and other pregnancy related complications. this study was performed to evaluate the effect of peptidoglycan polysaccharide (pgps) derived from a beta hemolytic streptococcal cell wall on amniochorion cytokine production and to compare pgps effects with lipopolysaccharide (lps), which is the gram negative counterpart of pgps. | 1998 | 10224600 |
| physical and genetic chromosomal maps of streptococcus agalactiae, serotypes ii and iii; rrna operon organization. | a detailed analysis of two streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus, gbs) strains was performed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). digestion of the chromosomal dna with smai and sgrai endonucleases, followed by separation and analysis of fragments by pfge was carried out. physical chromosomal maps of serotype ii/(alpha + beta) and iii/alpha strains of s. agalactiae were constructed. the gbs genome size was estimated to be 2200 kb. sixteen gbs genes were used as probes and were lo ... | 1998 | 9785449 |
| is lumbar puncture necessary to exclude meningitis in neonates and young infants: lessons from the group b streptococcus cellulitis- adenitis syndrome. | 1998 | 9786777 | |
| cm101-mediated recovery of walking ability in adult mice paralyzed by spinal cord injury. | cm101, an antiangiogenic polysaccharide derived from group b streptococcus, was administered by i.v. injection 1 hr post-spinal-cord crush injury in an effort to prevent inflammatory angiogenesis and gliosis (scarring) in a mouse model. we postulated that gliosis would sterically prevent the reestablishment of neuronal connectivity; thus, treatment with cm101 was repeated every other day for five more infusions for the purpose of facilitating regeneration of neuronal function. twenty-five of 26 ... | 1998 | 9789063 |
| group b streptococcal colonization in a developing country: its association with sexually transmitted disease and socioeconomic factors. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is an important infectious organism in pregnant women and their neonates. although excellent data are available from the developing world, little epidemiologic information is available from latin america. to evaluate the prevalence of gbs colonization in a developing country, a prospective study was performed in lima, peru. we found a relatively low prevalence of gbs colonization of 6.0% in parturient women and 10.6% in nonpregnant women. no association of gbs coloniz ... | 1998 | 9790443 |
| screening pregnant women for group b streptococcal colonization. | the recovery rates of group b streptococcus (gbs) from anorectal swabs (rs) and vaginal swabs (vs) that were enriched were compared to the routine method to determine the optimal procedure. separate rs and vs were collected from women attending antenatal clinics. rs and vs were placed in 2 ml enrichment and selective broth. swabs were inoculated onto colistin/nalidixic acid agar (cna) upon arrival in the laboratory and onto 5% sheep blood agar (sba) and cna after 24 h enrichment. the routine met ... | 1998 | 9795786 |
| a case illustrating the continued dilemmas in treating abdominal pregnancy and a potential explanation for the high rate of postsurgical febrile morbidity. | abdominal pregnancy is potentially highly morbid and often complicated by postoperative fever. | 1998 | 9813448 |
| effect of therapeutic concentrations of nitric oxide on bacterial growth in vitro. | besides its vasodilative actions, nitric oxide (no) is also involved in host defense on a cellular level. we studied the antimicrobial properties of no in concentrations used with inhaled no therapy for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in neonates. | 1998 | 9824079 |
| septicaemia in an austrian neonatal intensive care unit: a 7-year analysis. | the results of blood cultures and clinical data of 101 neonates with 110 episodes of septicaemia during a 7-y study period were reviewed. the overall incidence of culture-proven sepsis within the study period was 6.0 per 100 neonatal intensive care unit admissions and the mortality rate was 14%. three groups of pathogens accounted for 70% of all isolates: coagulase-negative staphylococci (27%), aerobic gram-negative rods (24%) and enterococcus faecalis (19%). group b streptococcus was the major ... | 1998 | 9825974 |
| estimation of group b streptococcus type iii polysaccharide-specific antibody concentrations in human sera is antigen dependent. | the presence of immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies against group b streptococcus (gbs) type iii polysaccharide (ps) has been correlated with protection against gbs disease. the gbs type iii ps is structurally similar to the pneumococcal type 14 ps, differing only in the presence of sialic acid residues. four different preparations of gbs type iii ps were evaluated for their specificity in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa): free ps, free ps mixed with methylated human serum albumin (mhsa), ... | 1998 | 9826364 |
| alcohol versus natural drying for newborn cord care. | to compare alcohol cleaning and natural drying of newborn umbilical cords. | 1998 | 9836156 |
| intramyometrial abscess complicating pregnancy. a report of two cases. | intramyometrial abscess in pregnancy is a rare event. little information is available on the presentations and potential complications. | 1998 | 9839271 |
| effect of delayed inoculation of selective media in antenatal detection of group b streptococci. | to determine accuracy of group b streptococcal culture swabs immediately inoculated after sampling compared with swabs transported to the laboratory and inoculated subsequently. | 1998 | 9840550 |
| relationship between maternal group b streptococcal colonization and pregnancy outcome. | to examine the association of maternal colonization with group b streptococcus (gbs) with preterm labor and premature rupture of the membranes (prom). | 1998 | 9840551 |
| antibiotic susceptibility profile of group b streptococcus acquired vertically. | to determine the contemporary antibiotic susceptibility profile of vertically acquired group b streptococcal isolates. | 1998 | 9840552 |
| phls group b streptococcus working group. | 1998 | 9866282 | |
| [intrapartum administration of antibiotics in the prevention of neonatal streptococcus b infections]. | this study was performed prospectively. between 1. january 1995 and 31 december 1997, a modification of the screening-based strategy protocol was implemented. antenatal screening cultures for gbs were performed at approximately 30-32 weeks of gestation. the protocol recommends the use of antibiotic prophylaxis to gbs positive women with any of the obstetric risk factors for early-onset of gbs disease. our regiment for prophylaxis for patients in labor was ampicillin 2 g. intravenously then 1 g. ... | 1998 | 9868905 |
| listeriosis during pregnancy. | listeriosis is an uncommon infection that has a unique predilection for pregnant women and may result in pregnancy loss. contaminated food is the usual source of infection, and increased federal surveillance of foodstuffs is the most effective strategy for prevention of disease. although dramatic epidemics have received the most publicity, more cases of perinatal listeriosis are isolated. if listeria chorioamnionitis is diagnosed preterm, in contrast to other types of chorioamnionitis, in utero ... | 1998 | 9870235 |
| management of preterm premature rupture of the membranes. | in many cases, the management of preterm prom will be dictated by the presence of advanced labor, intrauterine infection, placental abruption, or nonreassuring fetal testing. these patients should be delivered expeditiously, with group b streptococcus prophylaxis given where possible, and cesarean delivery reserved for routine obstetric indications. the stable patient with pprom and documented fetal pulmonary maturity is best treated by early induction. alternatively, the patient with pprom remo ... | 1998 | 9917942 |
| [early-onset neonatal sepsis and late-appearing diaphragmatic hernia]. | the interesting association between delayed presentation of right-sided diaphragmatic hernia and neonatal group b streptococcal infections occurs rarely and its pathogenesis is still obscure. two preterm newborn infants with early onset of neonatal sepsis (one due to group b streptococcus) followed by recognition of right-sided diaphragmatic hernia on the 9th and 25th day of life are reported. in both cases the course of neonatal sepsis and pneumonia was complicated due to the appearance of righ ... | 1998 | 10436650 |
| epizootic of group b streptococcus agalactiae serotype v in dba/2 mice. | beta-hemolytic streptococcus agalactiae serotype v was identified as the cause of an infection in laboratory mice. principally, the organism induced fatal septicemia in dba/2 breeding-age mice. the syndrome appeared to originate as an ascending pyelonephritis, which progressed to septicemia. microscopic lesions were found in the heart, kidneys, spleen, and liver, and less commonly in the uterus, thoracic cavity, lymph nodes, and lungs. the epizootic was controlled by eradication of the breeding ... | 1998 | 9517886 |
| prophylaxis for neonatal group b streptococcus infections. | for the past two decades, group b streptococcus (gbs) has been the pathogen most frequently isolated from neonates with invasive bacterial disease. this is a review of the relevant aspects of microbiology, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations and a summary of the major studies of prevention strategies that led to the development of the 1996 consensus guidelines for prevention of perinatal gbs disease. there is now sufficient experience to know that > or = 80% of cases of early onset gbs dis ... | 1998 | 9523398 |
| fever without apparent source on clinical examination, infectious diseases, and lower respiratory infections in children. | this section focuses on issues in infectious diseases that are commonly encountered in pediatric office practice. paul mccarthy discusses recent literature regarding the evaluation and management of acute fevers without apparent source on clinical examination in infants and children, and the evaluation of children with prolonged fevers of unknown origin. jean klig reviews recent literature about lower respiratory tract infection in children. jeffrey kahn and eugene shapiro discuss recent develop ... | 1998 | 9529649 |
| concepts and controversies in the management of group b streptococcus during pregnancy. | group b beta-hemolytic streptococcus colonizes 20 percent of pregnant women. intrapartum fetal colonization leads to invasive disease in 1 to 2 infants of every 1000 births in the united states, and has a mortality of approximately 6 percent. several protocols using intrapartum chemoprophylaxis have been devised to improve management of the disease, but confusion continues about details and implementation. this review examined the clinical issues, current management protocols, and advantages and ... | 1998 | 9534505 |