Publications

cat-scratch disease simulating histiocytosis x.	cat-scratch disease is a self-limited condition commonly causing a benign chronic lymphadenopathy in children. osteolytic lesions are a rare complication, but have been previously reported. we report a case of a solitary osteolytic lesion of the skull whose clinical, radiographic and pathological features were initially interpreted as being consistent with histiocytosis x. subsequently, positive serological titers for bartonella, a history of a cat-scratch antecedent to the onset of clinical sym ...	1998	9635688
cat scratch disease presenting with peripheral facial nerve paralysis.	acquired peripheral facial nerve paralysis is a relatively common disorder that affects both children and adults. the most frequent nontrauma-related etiologies in otherwise neurologically intact patients are idiopathic (bell's palsy) and infectious, which includes otitis media, herpes zoster, lyme disease, herpes simplex virus, epstein-barr virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. cat scratch disease (csd) is typically a subacute, regional lymphadenitis caused by bartonella henselae that is seen in ch ...	1998	9565446
[let's talk about microbes].		1998	9534143
cat scratch disease in greece.	an indirect fluorescent antibody test for bartonella henselae, b quintana, and b elizabethae was performed in all 18 children who presented to our paediatric outpatient clinic with cat scratch disease over a six year period. serum samples were taken on admission, after 15 days, and after six months. diagnosis was confirmed in 15 patients (83%) and was based on seroconversion or a fourfold change of the antibody titre to b henselae in 12 patients and on a single high titre (> 128) in three patien ...	1998	9534680
persistent infection of pets within a household with three bartonella species.	we monitored by blood culture and immunofluorescence assay (ifa) bartonella infection in one dog and eight cats in a household to determine the prevalence and persistence of the infection as well as its transmissibility to humans. ectoparasite control was rigorously exercised. during a 3-year period, bartonella clarridgeiae was recovered from one cat on two occasions, and b. henselae was isolated from another cat on four occasions. during a 16-month period, b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii was isol ...	1998	9621208
bartonella henselae invasion of feline erythrocytes in vitro.	bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat scratch disease, establishes long-term bacteremia in cats, in which it attaches to and invades feline erythrocytes (rbc). feline rbc invasion was assessed in vitro, based on gentamicin selection for intracellular bacteria or by laser confocal microscopy and digital sectioning. invasion rates ranged from 2 to 20% of the inoculum, corresponding to infection of less than 1% of the rbc. invasion was a slow process, requiring >8 h before significant num ...	1998	9632625
hypercalcemia due to endogenous overproduction of active vitamin d in identical twins with cat-scratch disease.	the extrarenal synthesis of active vitamin d sterols has a central causative role in the hypercalcemia associated with various granulomatous diseases.	1998	9480364
subacute orbital abscess in a four-year-old girl with a new kitten.		1998	9779778
characterization of bartonella henselae isolated from bacillary angiomatosis lesions in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient in germany.	infections with bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae can result in a variety of clinical entities, including bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompromised hosts. the fastidious nature of this bacterium has so far prevented the culture of many clinical isolates. we report the recovery of the first european b. henselae isolate associated with bacillary angiomatosis. the isolate was cultured in a frozen skin biopsy specimen from a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patient and was characterized ...	1998	9636850
are all bartonella henselae strains created equal?		1998	9636851
cat-scratch encephalopathy.		1998	9781592
high prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with cardiovascular disease and in middle-aged blood donors.	nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr) demonstrated the presence of chlamydia pneumoniae-specific dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). pbmc samples were obtained from 103 consecutive patients (62 male, 41 female) aged 22-85 years (mean, 64) admitted for coronary angiography because of suspected coronary heart disease and from 52 blood donors (43 male, 9 female) aged 40-64 years (mean, 49). of the 101 evaluable patients, 60 (59%) were identified by npcr assay as c. pneumoniae dna ca ...	1998	9652454
leber's neuroretinitis in a patient with serologic evidence of bartonella elizabethae.		1998	9654422
bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompromised patients.	to report seven cases of bacillary angiomatosis; to evaluate the most useful diagnostic tools; to analyse the clinical and epidemiological features associated with bartonella quintana or bartonella henselae infections.	1998	9792380
seroprevalence of bartonella henselae and toxoplasma gondii infections among pet cats in kanagawa and saitama prefectures.	seroprevalence of bartonella henselae and toxoplasma gondii was investigated among 471 pet cats obtained from seven private animal hospitals in kanagawa and saitama prefectures during the period from may 1994 to june 1995. 'furthermore, 67 randomly selected from the 471 serum samples were examined for the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antibody and feline leukemia virus (felv) antigen. the antibody to b. henselae was examined by an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. t. gondii, fiv an ...	1998	9795899
seroprevalence of antibodies to bartonella henselae in patients with cat scratch disease and in healthy controls: evaluation and comparison of two commercial serological tests.	serologic testing for the presence of antibodies to bartonella henselae is a widely accepted diagnostic procedure for laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis of cat scratch disease (csd). in this study a commercially available indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) based on b. henselae-infected human larynx carcinoma cells (test a) was evaluated. sera from 42 patients with csd (20 confirmed by pcr) and 270 sera from healthy controls (consisting of 63 cat owners, 65 individuals whose last close ...	1998	9665953
von willebrand factor proteolysis and doxycycline in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.		1998	9690440
images in clinical medicine. verruga peruana.		1998	9700179
[reactive arthritis after cat bit: a rare manifestation of cat scratch disease--case report and overview].	cat scratch disease (csd) is a rarely recognized infectious disease in germany. only a few years ago the causative agent, bartonella henselae, could be isolated. the typical clinical manifestations of csd consist of skin changes at the inoculation site and a benign lymphadenopathy; other manifestations are rare. we report the case of a 47 year old woman, who developed a reactive spondylarthropathy with synovitis of finger joints, polyarthralgias of large- and medium-sized joints, and inflammator ...	1998	9702836
isolated right-sided bartonella quintana endocarditis in an immunocompetent adult.	bartonella quintana is a recently recognized cause of culture-negative left-sided endocarditis. we report a case of isolated tricuspid endocarditis caused by b. quintana in a 65-year-old alcoholic man, who also had immune-complex glomerulonephritis. b. quintana was established as the cause of the endocarditis based on serological tests and on failure of extensive efforts to isolate an alternative organism. the patient improved gradually on antibiotic therapy and did not require surgery. to our k ...	1998	9817529
cat scratch disease: the rare role of afipia felis.	since its isolation in 1988, afipia felis has been associated with cat scratch disease (csd) in only one report and its role in csd has been questioned. we have cultured a. felis from a lymph node of a patient with csd. 16s rrna gene sequencing, dna relatedness studies, fatty acid analysis, and pcr of the a. felis ferredoxin gene showed that the isolate is identical to the previously reported a. felis isolate. to determine the role of a. felis in csd, pcr of the 16s rrna gene followed by hybridi ...	1998	9705382
characterization of human immunoglobulin (ig) isotype and igg subclass response to bartonella henselae infection.	serologic parameters of cat scratch disease (csd) were evaluated by western blot analysis. sera from patients with serologically confirmed csd antigen were screened for immunoglobulin (ig) isotype-specific as well as igg subclass-specific reactivity against bartonella henselae whole-cell antigen. bartonella-negative control sera were used to determine baseline antibody activity. heterogeneous b. henselae-specific igg reactivity with numerous protein bands, ranging from >150 to <17 kda, was obser ...	1998	9826373
chest-wall abscess due to cat-scratch disease (csd) in an adult with antibodies to bartonella clarridgeiae: case report and review of the thoracopulmonary manifestations of csd.	we describe a patient who presented with a massive chest-wall abscess after a severe debilitating illness that lasted 3 months. steroid therapy, administered for 4 weeks, masked the slow development of an extensive axillary and chest-wall abscess. after multiple negative tests, the patient's prolonged illness was diagnosed as cat-scratch disease (csd). an indirect fluorescent antibody test revealed that two convalescent serum samples were positive for igg to bartonella clarridgeiae, but no other ...	1998	9709886
bartonella tribocorum sp. nov., a new bartonella species isolated from the blood of wild rats.	two bartonella strains from blood of two wild rats (rattus norvegicus) living in a rural environment were isolated. these strains were distinct from all previously known bartonella species based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. this new species is distinguished by its trypsin-like activity, the absence of the ability to hydrolyse proline and tributyrin, its 16s rrna and citrate synthase gene sequences and by whole-dna hybridization data. this new species, for which the name bartonell ...	1998	9828434
anterior uveitis associated with cat scratch disease.		1998	9713073
construction of versatile high-level expression vectors for bartonella henselae and the use of green fluorescent protein as a new expression marker.	expression vectors suitable for directing high levels of protein synthesis in bartonella henselae have been constructed based on the mobilisable broad-host-range (incq) plasmidpmmb206. they confer kanamycin resistance and feature the taclac (tac-lacuv5 in tandem) promoters in front of a polylinker followed by the rrnb transcriptional stop point. while expression of genes fused to the taclac promoter is constitutive in one vector, the laciq gene carried by the other vector allows a controlled, ip ...	1998	9714815
cat-scratch disease with an extraaxial mass.	ct and mr imaging of the brain and gallium-67 scintigraphy showed an enhancing, gallium-avid mass in the left middle cranial fossa of a 10-year-old girl. craniotomy revealed an inflammatory mass related to the left trigeminal nerve. the lesion contained rodlike bacteria, and serologic tests were positive for cat-scratch disease. neurologic involvement in cat-scratch disease is uncommon, and the presence of organisms in neural tissue has not been reported.	1998	9726471
evidence of reproductive failure and lack of perinatal transmission of bartonella henselae in experimentally infected cats.	five female specific pathogen-free (spf) cats inoculated intradermally with b. henselae and bacteremic for 4 weeks, and one cat inoculated with 0.9% nacl, were bred with uninfected spf male cats. the uninfected female became pregnant with one breeding, while three infected cats became pregnant 1-12 weeks later, after repeated breedings. two infected females either did not become pregnant or maintain pregnancies despite repeated breedings. infected cats produced anti-b. henselae igm and igg antib ...	1998	9839873
bartonella serology for patients with intraocular inflammatory disease.	to determine the role of bartonella henselae in intraocular inflammatory disease and identify its clinical features.	1998	9730179
[serologic diagnosis of cat-scratch disease].		1998	9842534
therapeutic options for cat-scratch disease.		1998	9850000
a case of hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with epstein-barr virus infection.	the precise etiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) is unknown. however, it has been associated with bacterial (shigella, salmonella, e. coli, s. pneumoniae), bartonella, and viral (coxsackie, echo, influenza, varicella. epstein-barr) infections and with endotoxemia. recently, we experienced a case of hus in a 16-year-old boy who was in the acute phase of an epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection. he had typical manifestations of hus and ebv infection. he also transiently presented disseminated ...	1998	9735670
bartonella henselae infection from a dog.		1998	9853451
[other infections (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella spp., campylobacter spp., nocardia asteroides, rhodococcus equi and bartonella spp.)].	people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are at increased risk for bacterial infections due to hiv-associated immunologic defects. bacterial infections were found to be, both a predictor of progression to aids and a substantial cause of mortality in pre-aids stages. most bacterial infections are caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, salmonella spp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa. rhodococcus equi, nocardia spp., campylobacter spp. and bartonella spp. are less com ...	1998	9859621
comparison of different dna fingerprinting techniques for molecular typing of bartonella henselae isolates.	seventeen isolates of bartonella henselae from the region of freiburg, germany, obtained from blood cultures of domestic cats, were examined for their genetic heterogeneity. on the basis of different dna fingerprinting methods, including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric)-pcr, repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep) pcr, and arbitrarily primed (ap)-pcr, three different variants were identified among the isolates (variants i to iii). va ...	1998	9738053
detection of bartonella henselae by polymerase chain reaction in brain tissue of an immunocompromised patient with multiple enhancing lesions. case report and review of the literature.	the authors report the first dna-based diagnosis of bartonella henselae cultured from a brain lesion in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. this human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient presented with altered mental status, fever, and diabetes insipidus. magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal parenchymal and leptomeningeal involvement, which was confirmed on studies of tissue biopsy samples. using the polymerase chain reaction and gene sequencing techniques, the auth ...	1998	9761060
bartonella henselae-based indirect fluorescence assays are useful for diagnosis of cat scratch disease.		1998	9867494
detection of specific cellular immune response to bartonella henselae in a patient with cat scratch disease.		1998	9868676
disseminated bartonella henselae (cat-scratch disease): appearance of multifocal osteomyelitis with mr imaging.		1998	9763023
[cat scratch disease: description of a new case].		1998	9763751
bartonella infections: diagnostic and management issues.	bartonella species are emerging pathogens. renewed interest in this group of bacteria has been highlighted by the recent description of new species, which are pathogenic for humans (bartonella elizabethae and bartonella clarridgeae), and their association with an increasing number of clinical manifestations, the more prevalent being cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, and culture-negative endocarditis.	1998	17033388
images in clinical medicine. cat scratch disease.		1999	9887162
[extraction and characterization of the lipopolysaccharide of bartonella quintana]	bartonella quintana has been reported as the cause of trench fever, persistent endocarditis, bacteriaemia and has been isolated with an increasing incidence in clinical specimens from aids patients. one of the main pathogenic factors of gram-negative bacteria, including b. quintana, is the lipopolysaccharide (lps). however, very little information is available on the features of bartonella lps. the aim of the present study was to extract, purify and characterise b. quintana lps. the effect of th ...	1999	12759589
vegetative endocarditis in six cats.	between 1990 and 1997 vegetative endocarditis was diagnosed in six neutered cats (three males, three females) aged between 3 and 9 years. two cats were purebred (one persian and one tonkinese), the remaining four being domestic short haired cats. the diagnosis was made using echocardiography (five cases) or at necropsy (one case). concurrent involvement of the aortic and mitral valve was noted in four cats, the aortic valve alone was affected in one case, and the tricuspid valve in another. a li ...	1999	11919032
isolation of bartonella henselae from a serologically negative cat in bloemfontein, south africa.	sera collected from apparently healthy 6-12-month-old cats (n = 31) presented to the society for the prevention of cruelty to animals veterinary clinic in bloemfontein for neutering were tested for antibodies reactive to bartonella henselae (houston-1 strain) by indirect fluorescent antibody testing. whole blood collected from the cats was used in isolation experiments and subsequent identification of bartonella species was based on comparison of the nucleotide base sequence of polymerase chain ...	1999	10855838
hhv-8 (kshv) is not associated with bacillary angiomatosis.	bacillary angiomatosis is a rare pseudoneoplastic angioproliferative lesion occurring in patients with aids. this condition has been associated with bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana infections. human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is thought to be the causative agent of kaposi's sarcoma, a vasoproliferative neoplasm, also commonly found in patients with aids. the presence of hhv-8 in a cohort of patients with bacillary angiomatosis was investigated.	1999	10748868
duke criteria-negative endocarditis caused by bartonella quintana.	bartonella spp. were recently recognized as causative agents of culture-negative endocarditis. molecular techniques, such as broad-range pcr, are now available to detect fastidious or slow-growing microorganisms, or those which cannot be cultured. such microorganisms may be responsible for culture-negative endocarditis. alcoholism and homelessness are known risk factors for bartonella quintana endocarditis, even in patients without previous valvular disease. we report a case of b. quintana endoc ...	1999	10885846
unusual eruption as a presenting symptom of cat scratch disease.	cat scratch disease (csd) is a common infectious cause of subacute regional lymphadenopathy. bartonella henselae is the principal etiologic agent. about 10% of csd patients experience atypical manifestations, including rashes. the most common cutaneous manifestation of csd is a papule at the inoculation site. we report a case of csd presenting with an eruption on the upper trunk, reminiscent of sweet's syndrome, accompanied by lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and fever. response to systemic corticos ...	1999	10534662
are bartonella significant emerging pathogens in southern africa?		1999	10941414
beware what you eat and drink, even while on haart.	people infected with hiv who are treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) are staying healthier for longer than ever before, but they still need to be cautious of exposure to foodborne and waterborne bacteria. the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) lists several pathogens which can be dangerous to persons with hiv/aids, including mycobacterium avium complex (mac) and cryptococcosis. people with hiv who are infected by these pathogens tend to suffer from more severe ...	1999	11366423
[ecological aspects of human pathogens ehrlichia and bartonella].	the review presents data on the natural circulation of bartonellas and erlichias with the participation of lice, fleas, mosquitoes, ixodes ticks, as well as rodents, large wild mammals, and domestic animals. it outlines the human infection routes that are mainly associated with the attack of infected carriers and with the contacts with different warm-blooded animals. the risk of bartonellosis spread is evidenced by the data showing that 12.3% of clothes lice collected from homeless individuals i ...	1999	11220997
conservative management of documented neuroretinitis in cat scratch disease associated with bartonella henselae infection.	bartonella henselae has been identified as the causative agent of the neuroretinitis associated with cat scratch disease (csd). immunofluorescent antibody tests with good sensitivity and specificity are available to aid in diagnosis. despite diagnostic advances, optimal management remains controversial. we present a case of documented b. henselae macular neuroretinitis managed without antibiotics and discuss antibiotic use in this condition.	1999	10379716
recurrent encephalopathy in cat-scratch disease.		1999	10391197
diagnosis of rickettsial diseases using samples dried on blotting paper.	the use of filter paper is an inexpensive and convenient method for collecting, storing, and transporting blood samples for serological studies. in addition, samples occupy little space and can be readily transported without refrigeration. rickettsial diseases often evolve according to an epidemic mode and are now considered reemerging diseases, especially in developing countries, under conditions where fieldwork could be difficult. the suitability of collecting whole-blood specimens on filter p ...	1999	10391847
identification of bartonella-specific immunodominant antigens recognized by the feline humoral immune system.	the seroreactivities of both naturally and experimentally infected cats to bartonella henselae was examined. serum samples collected weekly from nine cats experimentally infected with b. henselae lsu16 were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot analysis. the magnitude and isotype of the antibody response were investigated by elisa. western blot analysis allowed the identification of at least 24 bartonella-specific antigens recognized by the cats during infection. a ...	1999	10391863
[bartonellosis. ii. other bartonella responsible for human diseases].	in addition to bartonella henselae, five other bartonella species were involved in human pathology. as for b. henselae, ectoparasites seem to be responsible for the transmission of most or all these bacterial species. b. bacilliformis is responsible for carrion's disease that occurs in some valleys of colombia, ecuador and peru. this disease is transmitted by biting of infected sandflies. the bacterial reservoir is constituted by humans only. that disease occurs either as an acute form with seve ...	1999	9920964
evaluation of human seroreactivity to bartonella species in sweden.	among the species that compose the expanding genus bartonella, thus far only b. henselae and b. quintana have reportedly been isolated from humans in europe. to evaluate the prevalence of bartonella infection in sweden, we conducted a retrospective serological examination of 126 human serum samples. these samples were analyzed for antibodies to b. henselae, b. quintana, and b. elizabethae. serum samples from 100 blood donors, who spanned the ages of 20 to 60 and had no apparent clinical signs of ...	1999	10203491
survey of three bacterial louse-associated diseases among rural andean communities in peru: prevalence of epidemic typhus, trench fever, and relapsing fever.	typhus and other louse-transmitted bacterial infections in peruvian sierra communities are known to occur but have not recently been assessed. in this study, 194 of 1,280 inhabitants of four villages in calca province in the urubamba valley were included. thirty-nine (20%) of the 194 volunteers had antibodies to rickettsia prowazekii, whereas 24 (12%) had antibodies to bartonella quintana and 2 against borrelia recurrentis. there was a significant correlation between the presence of infesting ec ...	1999	10476755
absence of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus dna in bacillary angiomatosis-peliosis lesions.	bartonella henselae and b. quintana induce an unusual vascular proliferative tissue response known as bacillary angiomatosis (ba) and bacillary peliosis (bp) in some human hosts. the mechanisms of bartonella-associated vascular proliferation remain unclear. although host factors probably play a role, microbial coinfection has not been ruled out. because of the vascular proliferative characteristics noted in both kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and ba and occasional colocalization of ks and ba, the possibi ...	1999	10479179
clinical and pathologic evaluation of chronic bartonella henselae or bartonella clarridgeiae infection in cats.	human bartonella infections result in diverse medical presentations, whereas many cats appear to tolerate chronic bacteremia without obvious clinical abnormalities. eighteen specific-pathogen-free cats were inoculated with bartonella henselae- and/or bartonella clarridgeiae-infected cat blood and monitored for 454 days. relapsing bacteremia did not correlate with changes in protein profiles or differences in antigenic protein recognition. intradermal skin testing did not induce a delayed type hy ...	1999	10203518
prevalence of antibodies to bartonella henselae in patients with suspected cat scratch disease (csd) in italy.	cat scratch disease (csd) is a relatively new diagnosed illness with clinical signs of self-limiting regional lymphadenopathy accompanied by symptoms of fever and malaise, to encephalopathy and neuropathy, occurring after a cat scratch or flea bite. bartonella henselae is now accepted as the etiologic agent of csd. from january 1994 to september 1998, 412 patients were evaluated for suspect csd in italy. sera were tested for antibodies to b. henselae by a commercially available indirect immunofl ...	1999	10485354
a case of cat scratch disease masquerading as lymphogranuloma venereum.		1999	10361925
the mutt motif family of nucleotide phosphohydrolases in man and human pathogens (review).	human cells express at least eight members of the mutt motif protein (or nudix hydrolase) family. these enzymes are believed to eliminate toxic nucleotide derivatives from the cell and regulate the levels of important signalling nucleotides and their metabolites. six have been fully or partially characterized: i) hmth1 is a nucleoside triphosphatase which restricts at-->cg transversions by specifically degrading the oxidized nucleotide 8-oxo-dgtp; ii) hapah1 preferentially degrades the signallin ...	1999	10373642
[cat scratch disease].		1999	10635816
use of polymerase chain reaction for citrate synthase gene to diagnose bartonella quintana endocarditis.	we describe aortic valve endocarditis caused by bartonella quintana in a 31-year-old man. the diagnosis was made on the basis of polymerase chain reaction amplification of the b quintana citrate synthase gene from cardiac valve tissue, the compatibility of histochemical stains of cardiac valve tissue, and serologic studies.	1999	10396283
coinfection with multiple tick-borne pathogens in a walker hound kennel in north carolina.	both dogs and humans can be coinfected with various ehrlichia, bartonella, rickettsia, and babesia species. we investigated a kennel of sick walker hounds and their owners in southeastern north carolina for evidence of tick-borne infections and associated risk factors. a high degree of coinfection was documented in the dog population. of the 27 dogs, 26 were seroreactive to an ehrlichia sp., 16 to babesia canis, and 25 to bartonella vinsonii, and 22 seroconverted to rickettsia rickettsii antigen ...	1999	10405413
development of a system for genetic manipulation of bartonella bacilliformis.	lack of a system for site-specific genetic manipulation has severely hindered studies on the molecular biology of all bartonella species. we report the first site-specific mutagenesis and complementation for a bartonella species. a highly transformable strain of b. bacilliformis, termed jb584, was isolated and found to exhibit a significant increase in transformation efficiency with the broad-host-range plasmid pbbr1mcs-2, relative to wild-type strains. restriction analyses of genomic preparatio ...	1999	10427032
atypical mass lesion associated with cat-scratch disease.		1999	10433602
characterization of bartonella henselae-specific immunity in balb/c mice.	balb/c mice were inoculated with bartonella henselae by both systemic and mucosal routes. culture analysis of tissues from mice infected intraperitoneally with a high dose of b. henselae yielded positive results 24 hr after infection. however, culture analysis of blood taken between 6 hr and 7 days after infection from groups receiving live b. henselae were negative. following intraperitoneal infection, b. henselae was detected by polymerase chain reaction in liver and mesenteric lymph nodes by ...	1999	10447753
an ulcerated nodule associated with lymphadenopathy.		1999	10456353
molecular analysis of riboflavin synthesis genes in bartonella henselae and use of the ribc gene for differentiation of bartonella species by pcr.	the biosynthesis pathway for riboflavin (vitamin b(2)), the precursor of the essential cofactors flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide, is present in bacteria and plants but is absent in vertebrates. due to their conservation in bacterial species and their absence in humans, the riboflavin synthesis genes should be well suited either for detection of bacterial dna in human specimens or for the differentiation of pathogenic bacteria by molecular techniques. a dna fragment carrying ...	1999	10488170
cat-scratch neuroretinitis.	cat-scratch disease is a subacute regional lymphadenitis, usually preceded by a history of a cat scratch or exposure to kittens. the disease is caused by bartonella henselae, and possibly bartonella quintana, pleomorphic gram-negative rods formerly known as rochalimaea henselae and rochalimaea quintana. ocular involvement is rare and typically manifests as either parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome or neuroretinitis. patients with neuroretinitis resulting from cat-scratch disease may be asymptoma ...	1999	10506816
seroepidemiology of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii infection in california coyotes, 1994-1998.	the prevalence of antibodies to bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in coyotes (canis latrans) in california ranged from 51% in central to 34% in southern and 7% in northern california. seropositive coyotes were more likely to be from coastal than inland counties (p clustered distribution of bartonella seropositivity in coyotes suggests that b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii infection is vectorborne. further investigation is warranted to evaluate which arthropods are vectors and what the mode of t ...	1999	10511529
bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and related members of the alpha subdivision of the proteobacteria in dogs with cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis.	cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis was identified in 12 dogs, of which 11 were seroreactive to bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii antigens. historical abnormalities were highly variable but frequently included substantial weight loss, syncope, collapse, or sudden death. fever was an infrequently detected abnormality. cardiac disease was diagnosed following an illness of short duration in most dogs, but a protracted illness of at least 6 months' duration was reported for fou ...	1999	10523564
changing epidemiology of infections in patients with neutropenia and cancer: emphasis on gram-positive and resistant bacteria.	over the past 3 decades, considerable changes have occurred in the types of bacteria causing infection in febrile patients with neutropenia and cancer. twenty years ago, gram-negative bacteria caused approximately 70% of bloodstream infections. as a probable consequence of long-dwelling intravascular devices, fluoroquinolone prophylaxis, and high-dose chemotherapy-induced mucositis, there has been a shift toward gram-positive coccal bacteremia. in most centers today, approximately 70% of bactere ...	1999	10530434
1st international conference on bartonella as emerging pathogens. tubingen, germany, march 5-7, 1999. abstracts.		1999	10532824
culture-positive bartonella quintana endocarditis.	a 50-year-old alcoholic man with a 1-year history of pyrexia of unknown origin was admitted with symptoms of endocarditis. large vegetations on his mitral and aortic valve were found on echocardiography. using the bactec 9240 system. bartonella quintana could be grown from two culture sets of blood collected before the start of antimicrobial therapy. this is the first case report of culture-proven bartonella infection in the uk. and is noteworthy because bartonella quintana was detected in conve ...	1999	10219581
[two cases of suspected bartonella henselae infection from a dog].	a 55-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of fever and left submaxillary, right axillary, and left inguinal lymphadenopathy. a presumptive diagnosis of rickettsiosis was made and treatment with oral doxycycline was started. lymphadenopathy was partialy resolved after antibiotics treatment. ablation of the left inguinal node was done and histopathological examination showed non-hodgkin's lymphoma. lymphadenopathy was resolved by chemotherapy. the second patient, a 40-year-old male, ...	1999	10535269
[three children with systemic cat scratch disease].	three girls with systemic cat scratch disease, aged 10, 13 and 9 years, were reported. they presented a prolonged fever and back pain in the early stage of the disease, and had no regional lymphadenopathy. two of them had hepatosplenic granulomas, one with multiple 5 mm hypoechoic lesions in the liver and spleen, and the other with a single 2.5 cm hypodense lesion in the left hepatic lobe. the latter patient underwent a partial left hepatic lobectomy. all patients had elevated titers of antibodi ...	1999	10222672
demonstration of bartonella grahamii dna in ocular fluids of a patient with neuroretinitis.	we describe the clinical and laboratory features of a 55-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-negative female patient who presented with bilateral intraocular inflammatory disease (neuroretinitis type) and behavioral changes caused by a bartonella grahamii infection. diagnosis was based on the pcr analysis of dna extracted from the intraocular fluids. dna analysis of the pcr product revealed a 100% identity with the 16s rrna gene sequence of b. grahamii. the patient was successfully treated wit ...	1999	10565926
identification of bartonella species directly in clinical specimens by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of a 16s rrna gene fragment.	it is now established that two species of bartonella, namely, bartonella henselae and b. quintana, cause bacillary angiomatosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. in addition, b. henselae causes cat scratch disease and b. quintana, b. henselae, and b. elizabethae can cause bacteremia and endocarditis in immunocompetent persons. we have developed a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism-based assay for direct detection and identification to species level of bartonella in cli ...	1999	10565929
disseminated bartonella infection with granulomatous hepatitis in a liver transplant recipient.	disseminated infection with bartonella spp with granulomatous hepatitis was diagnosed in a liver transplant recipient presenting with fever of unknown origin. pathological findings on liver biopsy were atypical, with scant granulomas seen only after a second biopsy. the patient responded promptly to antibiotic therapy. infections caused by bartonella spp should be considered in transplant recipients with fever of unknown origin.	1999	10226118
serological evidence of bartonella spp. infection in the uk.	we reviewed serological and epidemiological data relating to 1000 consecutive patients from whom specimens were submitted for estimation of bartonella antibodies, using mrl diagnostics bartonella ifa igm and igg kits. using 289 control sera, we estimated the specificity of the kits as > or = 99.0%. evidence of bartonella infection was found in 16.3% of patients examined. rates varied by patient group: 20% of patients for whom a diagnosis of cat scratch disease (csd) was considered probable had e ...	1999	10579442
cat-scratch disease encephalopathy: a cause of status epilepticus in school-aged children.	we describe 6 school-aged patients who presented with status epilepticus (se) secondary to cat-scratch disease (csd) encephalopathy to alert clinicians to this distinctive clinical entity. the hospital database for admissions during 1 year was reviewed for patients presenting with se; 4 of 5 previously healthy school-aged children with se had csd encephalopathy based on elevated indirect fluorescent antibody titers to bartonella henselae. csd encephalopathy should be included in the differential ...	1999	10228301
serologic response to bartonella henselae in patients with cat scratch disease and in sick and healthy children.	indirect fluorescent antibody assay (ifa) is the most reliable test for detecting antibody to bartonella henselae in the diagnosis of cat scratch disease (csd). recently, an elisa test has been proposed, but conflicting results are reported. we compared igg-ifa and igg-igm elisa methods in csd patients and in healthy children. we also tested elisa specificity in a large group of healthy controls and in children with lymphoma-associated lymphadenopathy and with pyogenic lymphadenitis. the elisa p ...	1999	10229038
live bartonella henselae enhances endothelial cell proliferation without direct contact.	the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs) cocultivated with live b. henselae was enhanced in a bacterial dose-dependent manner, and the stimulatory effect was specific to vascular endothelial cells. the inactivation of b. henselae by uv or heat treatment abolished its stimulatory activity, suggesting that live bacteria is necessary for the growth stimulation effect. to investigate the role of direct contact, live b. henselae were separated from huvecs by a filter membr ...	1999	10588914
the body louse as a vector of reemerging human diseases.	the body louse, pediculus humanus humanus, is a strict human parasite, living and multiplying in clothing. louse infestation is associated with cold weather and a lack of hygiene. three pathogenic bacteria are transmitted by the body louse. borrelia recurrentis is a spirochete, the agent of relapsing fever, recently cultured on axenic medium. historically, massive outbreaks have occurred in eurasia and africa, but currently the disease is found only in ethiopia and neighboring countries. bartone ...	1999	10589908
diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.		1999	10606459
experimental infection of cotton rats with three naturally occurring bartonella species.	the kinetics of infection and humoral immune response of laboratory-bred cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) challenged with three bartonella spp. recovered from the blood of naturally infected cotton rats captured in georgia (usa) are described. bartonella spp. infection, as determined by bacteremia, occurred in all 18 cotton rats inoculated with live bartonella of each species at either a low dose, 10(3) colony-forming units (cfu's), or high dose, 10(7) cfu. cotton rats inoculated with lower doses ...	1999	10231754
culture of bartonella quintana and bartonella henselae from human samples: a 5-year experience (1993 to 1998).	bartonella quintana and bartonella henselae are fastidious gram-negative bacteria responsible for bacillary angiomatosis, trench fever, cat scratch disease, and endocarditis. during a 5-year period, we received 2,043 samples for culture of bartonella sp. we found bartonella sp. to be the etiologic agent in 38 cases of endocarditis, 78 cases of cat scratch disease, 16 cases of bacteremia in homeless people, and 7 cases of bacillary angiomatosis. we correlated the results of positive cultures with ...	1999	10325344
rats of the genus rattus are reservoir hosts for pathogenic bartonella species: an old world origin for a new world disease?	bartonella species were isolated from the blood of 63 of 325 rattus norvegicus and 11 of 92 rattus rattus from 13 sites in the united states and portugal. infection in both rattus species ranged from 0% (e.g., 0/87) to approximately 60% (e.g., 35/62). a 337-bp fragment of the citrate synthase (glta) gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction was sequenced from all 74 isolates. isolates from r. norvegicus were most similar to bartonella elizabethae, isolated previously from a patient with endoca ...	1999	10353885
[infection and angiomatous cutaneous lesions].	the occurrence of angiomatous cutaneous lesions in the presence of an infective process is not a frequent phenomenon. most infectious diseases are associated with an exanthematous reaction. the combination of an infective illness and angiomatous lesions is seen essentially in the bartonelloses and in kaposi's disease. bartonelloses: group of infections due to alpha-proteobacteria such as bartonella. bartonella bacilliformis (bb), is the causal agent of carrion's disease, the chronic cutaneous fo ...	1999	10399647
systemic bartonella henselae infection with hepatosplenic involvement.	systemic manifestations of bartonella henselae infection are rare in the immunocompetent host. the infection generally has initial symptoms of prolonged fever and multiple granulomatous lesions in liver and spleen.	1999	10400104
bilateral bartonella-associated neuroretinitis.		1999	10458308
an outbreak of acute bartonellosis (oroya fever) in the urubamba region of peru, 1998.	during may 1998, we conducted a case-control study of 357 participants from 60 households during an outbreak of acute bartonellosis in the urubamba valley, peru, a region not previously considered endemic for this disease. blood and insect specimens were collected and environmental assessments were done. case-patients (n = 22) were defined by fever, anemia, and intra-erythrocytic coccobacilli seen in thin smears. most case-patients were children (median age = 6.5 years). case-patients more frequ ...	1999	10463692
microbes and sequestered substances as mechanisms for disease: bartonella and l-forms as common global etiological agents.	the pathogenicity of microbes may be determined by substances sequestered from blood and bound to their constituent lipid. the brain may not perceive substances sequestered by microbes, to interfere with control to maintain normal levels. pathological conditions can be induced as organisms exposed to antimicrobial substances/conditions and/or deprived of nutrients essential to cell wall synthesis, disintegrate to free lipid-bound compounds and produce l-forms that can deplete nutrients as they r ...	1999	10465665
shared vector-borne zoonoses of the old world and new world: home grown or translocated?	humans inhabiting the old world and new world share a wide variety of pathogens. processes that result in the disjunct biogeographic distribution of pathogens with common vertebrate reservoirs or vectors are more difficult to unravel than those influencing the distribution of infections spread only through human-to-human transmission. the origins of species and complexes of tick-borne bacteria are unclear. the agent of lyme borreliosis may have speciated in the new world following geographical i ...	1999	10476548
seroprevalence of bartonella henselae in cats in germany.	bartonella henselae and b. quintana infections in man are associated with various clinical manifestations including cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis and bacteraemia. while cats are the natural reservoir for b. henselae, the source of b. quintana is unclear. in this study, the sera of 713 cats from germany were examined for the presence of antibodies against b. henselae, b. quintana or afipia felis by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa). bartonella-specific antibody titres of > ...	1999	10482296
semiquantitative species-specific detection of bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana by pcr-enzyme immunoassay.	bartonella henselae is the main causative agent of cat-scratch disease, and both b. henselae and bartonella quintana cause angioproliferative disorders such as bacillary angiomatosis. to increase the sensitivity of bartonella detection by pcr and to improve the species differentiation, we developed a semiquantitative, species-specific pcr-based enzyme immunoassay (eia). the 16s rrna gene was selected as the target sequence. internal nucleotide sequences derived from the amplified 16s rrna region ...	1999	10488160
ocular manifestations of cat-scratch disease.	bartonella henselae has only recently been isolated, characterized, and found to be the principal cause of cat-scratch disease (csd). the availability of specific serologic investigations has allowed the recognition of a spectrum of ocular csd syndromes that previously were ill defined and considered idiopathic. the primary inoculation complex causing regional lymphadenopathy is represented in the eye by parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome; b. henselae is the most common cause. leber's neuroretin ...	1999	10537781