Publications

media for the detection and recognition of the enteropathogen providencia alcalifaciens in faeces.	a medium (pam: providencia alcalifaciens medium) is described that enables the presence of the enteropathogen p. alcalifaciens in faeces to be detected with ease and simplicity. this organism is probably the only oxidase-negative organism likely to be present in tetrathionate broth cultures of faeces that is unable to ferment the mannitol, xylose or galactose present in the medium. thus the red colonies of p. alcalifaciens appeared quite distinct from the lemon-yellow acid-forming colonies of al ...	1997	9350207
evaluation of bbl chromagar orientation medium for detection and presumptive identification of urinary tract pathogens.	the microbiological performance of bbl chromagar orientation medium and cps id2 agar was compared to that of columbia agar with 5% sheep blood and macconkey agar without crystal violet for the enumeration and presumptive identification of bacteria responsible for urinary tract infections. of a total of 658 clinical urine specimens, 118 specimens yielded no growth, 402 specimens yielded growth with cell counts of > or = 10(5) cfu/ml, and 138 specimens yielded growth with cell counts of < 10(5) cf ...	1997	9350731
substrate recognition by the leucyl/phenylalanyl-trna-protein transferase. conservation within the enzyme family and localization to the trypsin-resistant domain.	the leucyl/phenylalanyl-trna-protein transferase (l/f-transferase) from escherichia coli catalyzes a peptidyltransferase reaction that results in the n-terminal aminoacylation of acceptor proteins using leu-, phe-, and met-trnas as amino acid donors. we demonstrated that l/f-transferase homologs are widely distributed throughout the eubacteria, supporting our proposal that the enzyme family is ancient and catalyzes early peptide bond synthesis. however, here we present data suggesting that the l ...	1997	9407082
[monotherapy with meropenem in febrile granulocytopenic patients].	infection remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality for cancer patients who become granulocytopenic. combinations of beta-lactams plus aminoglycosides have been the standard empiric therapy for febrile granulocytopenic patients, especially those with profound long-lasting granulocytopenia. the advent of new broad-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems has favoured the possibility of empiric monotherapy. meropenem is a parenteral carbapenem antibiotic stable to renal dehydropeptidase-i ...	1997	9410073
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of gv129606, a new broad-spectrum trinem.	gv129606 is a new parenteral trinem antibiotic belonging to the beta-lactam class. it combines broad-spectrum activity (against gram-negative and -positive bacteria, aerobes and anaerobes), with high potency and resistance to beta-lactamases. comparative in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities were determined for gv129606 against more than 400 recent clinical isolates (aerobes, including beta-lactamase producers, and anaerobes), using representative antibacterial agents (meropenem, piperac ...	1997	9420050
antibacterial activity of bms-180680, a new catechol-containing monobactam.	the in vitro activities of a new catechol-containing monobactam, bms-180680 (sq 84,100), were compared to those of aztreonam, ceftazidime, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. bms-180680 was often the most active compound against many species of the family enterobacteriaceae, with mics at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (mic90s) of < or = 0.5 microg/ml for escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter diversus, enterobacter aero ...	1997	9145861
[maggot therapy for gangrene and osteomyelitis].	5 patients with diabetic-foot were treated by maggot therapy. the most serious case was in a 75-year-old man who had gangrene and osteomyelitis of the right foot. proteus mirabilis, enterococcus sp., providencia stuartii and staphylococcus spec. (coagulase positive) were isolated from lesions which did not respond to antibiotic therapy. the patient had twice refused amputation but agreed to maggot therapy. larvae of the sheep blowfly phoenicia (lucilia) sericata were used for twice-weekly treatm ...	1997	9153871
bactericidal activity of cefodizime on enterobacteriaceae in an in-vitro model simulating plasma pharmacokinetics in humans.	an in-vitro dialysis model was employed to assess the feasibility of once-daily dosing of cefodizime in the treatment of infections caused by various enterobacteriaceae: escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, morganella morganii, serratia marcescens, providencia stuartii and enterobacter cloacae. this model simulated the concentrations of cefodizime detected in human blood after an intravenous (i.v.) bolus injection of 1 g or 2 g of the antibiotic. validation of the model was undertaken to con ...	1997	9069535
aarc, an essential gene involved in density-dependent regulation of the 2'-n-acetyltransferase in providencia stuartii.	the 2'-n-acetyltransferase [aac(2')-ia] in providencia stuartii has a dual function where it is involved in the acetylation of peptidoglycan and certain aminoglycosides. a search for negative regulators of the aac(2')-ia gene has resulted in the identification of aarc. a missense allele (aarc1) resulted in an 8.9-fold increase in beta-galactosidase accumulation from an aac(2')-lacz transcriptional fusion. northern blot analysis demonstrated an increase in aac(2')-ia mrna accumulation that was sp ...	1997	9079912
d-lysine production from l-lysine by successive chemical racemization and microbial asymmetric degradation.	in order to develop a practical process for d-lysine production from l-lysine, successive chemical racemization and microbial asymmetric degradation were investigated. the racemization of l-lysine proceeded quantitatively at elevated temperatures. a sample of 1000 strains of bacteria, fungi, yeast and actinomyces were screened for the ability to degrade l-lysine asymmetrically. microorganisms belonging to the achromobacter, agrobacterium, candida, comamonas, flavobacterium, proteus, providencia, ...	1997	9163947
[changes in the microbial picture during the production of poultry salami].	changes in microbiological parameters during the production of fine poultry salami was monitored in a private poultry-processing plant in kosice within a period of six months. this product consists of meat paste or mechanically deboned poultry meat (mdpm), which is produced with the help of a protecon mpb 30 e deboning machine, pork trimmings, water (in the form of crushed ice), salt, spices, and garlic paste. the main raw food material (hand-boned meat and skin from poultry carcasses intended f ...	1997	9182395
characterization of gentamicin 2'-n-acetyltransferase from providencia stuartii: its use of peptidoglycan metabolites for acetylation of both aminoglycosides and peptidoglycan.	the relationship between the acetylation of peptidoglycan and that of aminoglycosides in providencia stuartii has been investigated both in vivo and in vitro. adaptation of the assay for peptidoglycan n-->o-acetyltransferase permitted an investigation of the use of peptidoglycan as a source of acetate for the n acetylation of aminoglycosides by gentamicin n-acetyltransferase [ec 2.3.1.59; aac(2')]. the peptidoglycan from cells of p. stuartii pr50 was prelabelled with 3h by growth in the presence ...	1997	9209022
[microbiological contamination of fish in the delta of volga].	examining 213 bacteriological samples from 57 pike perch has revealed the high contamination of the fish with enterobacteria in the branchia and intestine, which spread into the viscera and tissues. in the kidney there prevalent escherichia coli (27.3%). enterobacteria (20.), and edvardsiella (16.6). the liver most commonly displayed yeasts and fungi (18.2%). citrobacteria (14.3). acinobacteria (14.3%). many microbial strains had proteolytic and hemolytic activities and a considerable resistance ...	1997	9244782
an extracellular factor regulating expression of the chromosomal aminoglycoside 2'-n-acetyltransferase of providencia stuartii.	the chromosomal aac(2')-ia gene in providencia stuartii encodes a housekeeping 2'-n-acetyltransferase [aac(2')-ia] involved in the acetylation of peptidoglycan. in addition, the aac(2')-ia enzyme also acetylates and confers resistance to the clinically important aminoglycoside antibiotics gentamicin, tobramycin, and netilmicin. expression of the aac(2')-ia gene was found to be strongly influenced by cell density, with a sharp decrease in aac(2')-ia mrna accumulation as cells approached stationar ...	1997	9257754
structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of the bacterium providencia alcalifaciens o23 containing a novel component: an amide of d-glucuronic acid with n(epsilon)-(1-carboxyethyl)lysine.	an acidic o-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of the bacterium providencia alcalifaciens o23 and found to contain d-glucose, d-galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose, and n epsilon-(1-carboxyethyl)-n alpha-(d-glucuronoyl)lysine. on the basis of full and partial acid hydrolyses, selective solvolysis with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, and 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (cosy), h-detected hete ...	1997	9275290
rapid, sensitive, microbial detection by gene amplification using restriction endonuclease target sequences.	the use of primers synthesized to eight class ii restriction endonuclease target sequences, from haemophilus parainfluenzae, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella infantis, rhodobacter sphaeroides, klebsiella pneumoniae, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and proteus vulgaris for single and multiplex pcr identification of the organisms is discussed. results indicate that the method is sensitive and specific enough to detect single cells and attogram amounts of target dna. it has also been ...	1997	9281417
nitrate-reducing bacteria in diversion colitis: a clue to inflammation?	a pathogenic role of nitric oxide has been suggested in acute and chronic intestinal inflammation. we took the opportunity offered by studies in patients with excluded colon, which represents a model of chronic intestinal inflammation with no exogenous nitrite or nitrate supply, to evaluate the quantity and the quality of nitrate reducers in diversion colitis. thirty patients (17 men, 13 women, mean age 45 years) having an excluded colon for various reasons were sampled by rectal swabs and compa ...	1997	9440640
[urinary bacteria in elderly patients with urinary incontinence and low levels of daily activity].	the results of bacteria isolated from the urine of inactive elderly patients with urinary incontinence in 1982, 87, 93 and 95 were compared and the chronological changes of urinary bacteria were analyzed. the following results were obtained: (1) the most common bacteria isolated from the patients in 1995 were d-group enterococcus, followed by providencia rettgeri, e. coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and proteus mirabilis. it is thought that the main cause of the more frequent isolation of enterococc ...	1997	9493467
the most frequent aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms--changes with time and geographic area: a reflection of aminoglycoside usage patterns? aminoglycoside resistance study groups.	the aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms revealed by two surveys in europe and other countries have been compared to those revealed in earlier studies. mechanisms have become more complex in all bacterial groups. in providencia, serratia, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, and staphylococcus species isolates, genus-specific mechanisms were very common, and it was not possible to see differences between different geographic areas. in other enterobacteriaceae, the increasing complexity of mechanisms was ...	1997	8994779
media and tests to simplify the recognition and identification of members of the proteeae.	several important and diverse human pathogens are found in the tribe proteeae. by identifying and concentrating on key biochemical reactions, it has been possible to devise six simple media that permit the identification of all the important members of the tribe with ease, speed and accuracy. this was confirmed by optional additional confirmatory media and tests.	1997	9003744
cq-397 and cq-414: antimicrobial activity and spectrum of two fluoroquinolone---cephalosporin, dual-action compounds with carboxamido bonds.	objective: to evaluate the potential spectrum of activity of two novel dual-action compounds with carboxamido bonds (cq-397 and cq-414; laboratorios aranda, san rafael, mexico) against human pathogens. methods: approximately 800 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic clinical bacteria were tested in vitro using the mueller-hinton broth microdilution method of the national committee of clinical laboratory standards. results: cq-397 (cefamandole+enrofloxacin) and cq-414 (cefamandole+norfloxacin) ...	1997	11864130
flies and their bacterial loads in greyhound dog kennels in kansas.	breeders of greyhound dogs traditionally feed racing animals and nursing bitches raw meat, and that meat generally is obtained frozen from commercial renderers. previous studies have shown that the rendered meat is frequently contaminated with enteric bacteria, including salmonella spp., and that during thawing the rendered meat is exposed to filth flies common in dog kennels. nursing greyhound pups tend to experience a high morbidity and mortality from intestinal infections, and we attempted to ...	1998	9516545
mutations in aare, the ubia homolog of providencia stuartii, result in high-level aminoglycoside resistance and reduced expression of the chromosomal aminoglycoside 2'-n-acetyltransferase.	the aare1 allele was identified on the basis of the resulting phenotype of increased aminoglycoside resistance. the aare1 mutation also resulted in a small-colony phenotype and decreased levels of aac(2')-ia mrna. the deduced aare gene product displayed 61% amino acid identity to the escherichia coli ubia protein, an octaprenyltransferase required for the second step of ubiquinone biosynthesis. complementation experiments in both providencia stuartii and e. coli demonstrated that aare and ubia a ...	1998	9559821
association of providencia alcalifaciens with diarrhea in children.	it has been demonstrated in previous studies that providencia alcalifaciens can produce diarrhea by an invasive mechanism. in the present study, p. alcalifaciens was isolated from the stool specimens of 17 of 814 diarrheal children younger than 5 years of age (2.1%) and from those of 4 of 814 matched controls (0.49%) (p = 0.004), indicating that the organism is significantly associated with diarrhea. however, 71% of p. alcalifaciens-positive diarrheal children had simultaneous infections with ot ...	1998	9574723
antimicrobial spectrum and target site of d-3-phenyllactic acid.	geotrichum candidum excretes d-3-phenyllactic acid, which inhibits the growth of listeria monocytogenes. it was found to inhibit a range of gram-positive bacteria found in humans and foodstuffs, such as staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecalis, and gram-negative bacteria from humans, such as providencia stuartii and klebsiella oxytoca. scanning electron microscope studies on the effect of d-3-phenyllactic acid on l. monocytogenes showed that it caused changes in bacterial behavior and str ...	1998	9620125
ceftazidime and aztreonam resistance in providencia stuartii: characterization of a natural tem-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, tem-60.	a plasmid-encoded beta-lactamase produced from a clinical strain of providencia stuartii has been purified and characterized. the gene coding for the beta-lactamase was cloned and sequenced. it appears to be a new natural tem-derived enzyme, named tem-60. point mutations (q39k, l51p, e104k, and r164s) are present with respect to the tem-1 enzyme; the mutation l51p has never been previously reported, with the exception of the chromosomally encoded extended-spectrum beta-lactamase per-1. kinetic p ...	1998	9624494
men 10700, a new penem antibiotic: in-vitro activity and its correlation with beta-lactamase stability, pbp affinity and diffusion through the bacterial cell wall.	the in-vitro activity of men 10700, a novel penem, was compared with that of imipenem, ritipenem, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and amikacin against 1088 strains taken from 21 genera, including gram-negative, gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria. mic data showed that men 10700 was very active against staphylococci and streptococci (mic90 < or = 0.5 mg/l) and against most members of the enterobacteriaceae (mic90 < or = 2 mg/l), with reduced activity only against providencia stua ...	1998	9630405
important and emerging beta-lactamase-mediated resistances in hospital-based pathogens: the amp c enzymes.	resistance to third-generation cephalosporins mediated by beta-lactamases is an increasing problem for clinical therapeutics. a wide range of enterobacteriaceae produce these ampc enzymes (bush-jacoby-medeiros group 1), including enterobacter spp., citrobacter freundii, morganella morganii, providencia spp., and serratia marcescens. resistance via this mechanism has been shown to be statistically correlated with the use of some third-generation cephalosporins, and the infections caused by these ...	1998	9635237
recurrent bilateral renal calculi in a tetraplegic patient.	an 18-year-old male developed c-5 complete tetraplegia following a motor-cycle accident in may 1975. the neuropathic bladder was managed by an indwelling urethral catheter. he developed recurrent episodes of urinary infection with proteus species. in september 1975, an x-ray of the abdomen revealed small calculi in both the kidneys. in july 1976, he underwent transurethral resection of the bladder neck and division of the external urethral sphincter; subsequently, he was put on a penile sheath d ...	1998	9670380
a regulatory cascade involving aarg, a putative sensor kinase, controls the expression of the 2'-n-acetyltransferase and an intrinsic multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) response in providencia stuartii.	a recessive mutation, aarg1, has been identified that resulted in an 18-fold increase in the expression of beta-galactosidase from an aac(2')-lacz fusion. transcriptional fusions and northern blot analysis demonstrated that the aarg1 allele also resulted in a large increase in the expression of aarp, a gene encoding a transcriptional activator of aac(2')-ia. the effects of aarg1 on aac(2')-ia expression were mediated by aarp-dependent and -independent mechanisms. the aarg1 allele also resulted i ...	1998	9680222
invasion of hep-2 and other eukaryotic cell lines by providenciae: further evidence supporting the role of providencia alcalifaciens in bacterial gastroenteritis.	wild-type strains of providencia species were evaluated for their ability to invade hep-2 monolayers based upon microscopic and semi-quantitative assays. of 14 p. alcalifaciens strains tested, 3 (17%) were found to be highly invasive, 4 (22%) moderately invasive, and the remaining 61% weakly or noninvasive. hep-2 invasion results were confirmed by thin-section electron microscopy. invasive capabilities of p. alcalifaciens were greater at higher mois (100 to 1000) than at lower inocula (<10 moi). ...	1998	9688814
identification of n epsilon-[(r)-1-carboxyethyl]-l-lysine in, and the complete structure of, the repeating unit of the o-specific polysaccharide of providencia alcalifaciens o23.	n epsilon-[(r)-1-carboxyethyl]-l-lysine was released by acid hydrolysis from the o-specific polysaccharide of providencia alcalifaciens o23 and identified by 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy, glc-ms after conversion to a di-n-acetylated dimethyl ester, and by comparison with the authentic sample. solvolysis of the polysaccharide with anhydrous hf resulted in an amide of d-glucuronic acid with n epsilon-[(r)-1-carboxyethyl]-l-lysine. these and published data allowed the determination of the full struc ...	1998	9720244
gyra mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in eight species of enterobacteriaceae.	fluoroquinolone resistance (fq-r) in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae species has been reported with increasing frequency in recent years. two mechanisms of fq-r have been identified in gram-negative organisms: mutations in dna gyrase and reduced intracellular drug accumulation. a single point mutation in gyra has been shown to reduce susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. to determine the extent of gyra mutations associated with fq-r in enteric bacteria, one set of oligonucleotide primers w ...	1998	9756773
[bactericidal activity and capacity for selection of mutants resistant to imipenmen and meropenem in strains of proteus, morganella and providencia].	to compare the bactericidal activity and frequency of mutation for meropenem and imipenem against proteus mirabilis, morganella morganii and providencia rettgeri.	1998	9763741
gentamicin resistance in clinical strains of enterobacteriaceae associated with reduced gentamicin uptake.	seven strains of enterobacteriaceae resistant to gentamicin obtained as representatives of the predominant resistance profiles in the clinical laboratories of rafeidia and al-watani hospitals in nablus (palestine) were included. five strains showed a broad aminoglycoside resistance profile but contained no evidence of gentamicin acetylation, adenylation, or phosphorylation. gentamicin uptake in two tested strains was significantly reduced, compared to that of gentamicin-sensitive e. coli (mic, 0 ...	1998	9821296
[comparative study of morganella and providencia bacteriophages].	7 strains of m.morganii phages and 7 strains of p.rettgeri phages were isolated from lysogenic cultures and the environment. the main biological properties of these phages were studied. the phages under study formed independent taxonomic groups. these phages were found to be highly specific and capable of being used for the identification of bacteria.	1998	9825491
studies on the formation of crystalline bacterial biofilms on urethral catheters.	a model of the catheterised bladder was used to test the ability of urease-producing urinary tract pathogens to encrust urethral catheters. encrustation was assessed by determining the amounts of calcium and magnesium deposited on the catheters and visualised by scanning electron microscopy. urease-positive morganella morganii, klebsiella pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa failed to raise the urinary ph and form crystalline biofilms. in contrast, strains of proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgari ...	1998	9832268
low-level colonization and infection with ciprofloxacin-resistant gram-negative bacilli in a skilled nursing facility.	we report a 1-year surveillance study that evaluates colonization and infection with ciprofloxacin-resistant gram-negative bacilli (cr gnb) and the relation to quinolone use and other possible risk factors in a proprietary skilled nursing facility (snf) with no history of outbreaks.	1998	9836837
natural antibiotic susceptibility of providencia stuartii, p. rettgeri, p. alcalifaciens and p. rustigianii strains.	the natural antibiotic susceptibility of 38 providencia rettgeri, 35 p. stuartii, 23 p. alcalifaciens and 20 p. rustigianii strains was examined. mic values were determined by a microdilution procedure and evaluated by a table calculation programme. p. stuartii was the least susceptible providencia sp. and was naturally resistant to tetracyclines, some penicillins, older cephalosporins, sulphamethoxazole and fosfomycin and to antibiotics to which other species of enterobacteriaceae are also resi ...	1998	9839568
interference in initial adhesion of uropathogenic bacteria and yeasts to silicone rubber by a lactobacillus acidophilus biosurfactant.	the ability of the lactobacillus acidophilus rc14 biosurfactant 'surlactin' to inhibit the initial adhesion of various uropathogenic bacteria and two yeast strains to silicone rubber was investigated in a parallel-plate flow chamber in filter-sterilised pooled human urine. a parallel-plate flow chamber with a silicone rubber bottom plate was filled with a 1.0 mg/ml biosurfactant solution for adsorption overnight (18 h). subsequently, the adhesion of the bacterial or yeast cells from a urine susp ...	1998	9856644
identification and characterization of aarf, a locus required for production of ubiquinone in providencia stuartii and escherichia coli and for expression of 2'-n-acetyltransferase in p. stuartii.	providencia stuartii contains a chromosomal 2'-n-acetyltransferase [aac(2')-ia] involved in the o acetylation of peptidoglycan. the aac(2')-ia enzyme is also capable of acetylating and inactivating certain aminoglycosides and confers high-level resistance to these antibiotics when overexpressed. we report the identification of a locus in p. stuartii, designated aarf, that is required for the expression of aac(2')-ia. northern (rna) analysis demonstrated that aac(2')-ia mrna levels were dramatica ...	1998	9422602
in vitro susceptibility of gram-negative bacterial isolates to chlorhexidine gluconate.	to investigate the susceptibility of clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria to chlorhexidine gluconate.	1999	10750501
assessment of the potential for microbial resistance to topical use of multiple antimicrobial agents.	the goal of this study was to reduce the likelihood of the generation and/or persistence of bacterial resistance to some antimicrobial components contained in a topical antimicrobial mixture (neomycin, polymyxin b, mupirocin and ciprofloxacin) for use with cultured skin grafts, by substitution of alternative antimicrobials, specifically fusidic acid for mupirocin and ofloxacin for ciprofloxacin. the alternative agents failed to serve that purpose. however, with the exception of specific genera o ...	1999	10781215
the chromosomal 2'-n-acetyltransferase of providencia stuartii: physiological functions and genetic regulation.	intrinsic chromosomal acetyltransferases involved in aminoglycoside resistance have been identified in a number of bacteria. in providencia stuartii, a chromosomal acetyltransferase (aac(2')-ia) has been characterized in detail. in addition to the ability to acetylate aminoglycosides, the aac(2')-ia enzyme has at least one physiological function, which is the acetylation of peptidoglycan. this modification is likely to influence the autolytic system in p. stuartii. the regulation of aac(2')-ia e ...	1999	9924143
clonal structure of providencia alcalifaciens strains isolated from diarrhoeal stools in são paulo, brazil.	clonal analysis based on ribotyping demonstrated that providencia alcalifaciens strains isolated mainly from diarrhoeal stools in são paulo, brazil, were clustered into two main groups. eleven distinct ribotype patterns were identified with clai, ecorv and mlui restriction endonucleases. p. alcalifaciens strains with invasive properties were of two ribotype patterns that differed from those identified among non-invasive strains. the ribotyping results confirmed that p. alcalifaciens strains asso ...	1999	9989649
synthesis and secretion of providencia rettgeri and escherichia coli heterodimeric penicillin amidases in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	the providencia rettgeri and escherichia coli pac genes encoding heterodimeric penicillin g amidases (pac) were successfully expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. furthermore, these recombinant enzymes are secreted from the yeast cell into the medium which is in contrast to bacterial hosts, where the enzymes are retained in the periplasm. contrary to the p. rettgeri pac-encoding gene, the e. coli pac is poorly expressed in yeast. the highest yield of p. rettgeri pac was obtained with a multi-co ...	1999	10072775
microbiology of the oil fly, helaeomyia petrolei.	helaeomyia petrolei larvae isolated from the asphalt seeps of rancho la brea in los angeles, calif., were examined for microbial gut contents. standard counts on luria-bertani, macconkey, and blood agar plates indicated ca. 2 x 10(5) heterotrophic bacteria per larva. the culturable bacteria represented 15 to 20% of the total population as determined by acridine orange staining. the gut itself contained large amounts of the oil, had no observable ceca, and maintained a slightly acidic ph of 6.3 t ...	1999	10103240
structure of a neutral o-specific polysaccharide of the bacterium providencia alcalifaciens o5.	a neutral polysaccharide containing d-galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose, and 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-d-glucose (qui3nac) in the ratios 2:1:1 was obtained by mild acid degradation of lipopolysaccharide of the bacterium providencia alcalifaciens o5 followed by gel chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography or treatment with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride. on the basis of full acid hydrolysis, methylation, and 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy ...	1999	10381612
activation of the 2'-n-acetyltransferase gene [aac(2')-ia] in providencia stuartii by an interaction of aarp with the promoter region.	the aac(2')-ia gene in providencia stuartii encodes a 2'-n-acetyltransferase capable of acetylating both peptidoglycan and certain aminoglycoside antibiotics. regulation of the aac(2')-ia gene is influenced in a positive manner by the product of the aarp gene, which encodes a small transcriptional activator of the arac (xyls) family. in this study, we demonstrate the sequence requirements at the aac(2')-ia promoter for aarp binding and activation.	1999	10390241
prevalence of proteus species in urinary tract infections in a regional hospital in trinidad.	proteus bacteria are a well-known cause of urinary tract infections (utis). the prevalence of utis is high among catheterized patients and those undergoing manipulation of the urinary tract. this study assessed the prevalence of utis due to proteus species, the predisposing factors, complications and extent of antimicrobial resistance at a regional teaching hospital.	1999	10418178
tem-24 produced by four different species of enterobacteriaceae, including providencia rettgeri, in a single patient.	four species of members of the family enterobacteriaceae harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) were recovered in a single patient hospitalized in an intensive care unit. among these isolates, we describe for the first time an esbl-producing providencia rettgeri strain. bacteria from the same species were shown to be genetically related by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. these strains produced the same tem derivative esbl, characterized as tem-24. this enzyme had the peculi ...	1999	10428940
molecular characterization of the genera proteus, morganella, and providencia by ribotyping.	the so-called proteus-providencia group is constituted at present by three genera and 10 species. several of the recognized species are common opportunistic pathogens for humans and animals. different methods based on the study of phenotypic characters have been used in the past with variable levels of efficiency for typing some species for epidemiological purposes. we have determined the rrna gene restriction patterns (ribotypes) for the type strains of the 10 different species of the genera pr ...	1999	10449462
isolation of providencia heimbachae from human feces.	providencia heimbachae was first described in 1986. it has been isolated from penguin feces and an aborted bovine fetus. to date, there has been no reported isolation of this organism from human specimens. we now report the isolation of p. heimbachae from the stool of a 23-year-old woman with idiopathic diarrhea. the identity of the human strain was determined biochemically and by dna relatedness to the type strain of p. heimbachae.	1999	10449504
development of bacterial resistance to the third generation cephalosporins and their clinical use.	development of gram-negative rods resistance to the third generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone) in connection with their application at the university hospital in olomouc was evaluated in this study. the highest increase in resistance to cefotaxime was detected in enterobacter cloacae (from 22.9% in 1995 to 49.0% in 1997) and enterobacter agglomerans strains (28.0% - 40.5%). in addition, increased resistance to ceftazidime in acinetobacter baumannii (12.5% - 35.1%), e ...	1999	10465127
identification of enterobacteriaceae bacteria by direct matrix-assisted laser desorptiom/ionization mass spectrometric analysis of whole cells.	several members of enterobacteriaceas were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (maldi) time-of-flight mass spectrometry (tofms). characteristic mass spectral peaks and patterns were observed in the mass range of 2 to 20 kda. the mass peaks reported to be reproducibly observed by previous researchers, which were claimed to serve as species/strain-specific biomarkers, are consistently observed in our current study. despite the high degree of similarity found in the maldi mass s ...	1999	10510415
crystal structure of penicillin g acylase from the bro1 mutant strain of providencia rettgeri.	penicillin g acylase is an important enzyme in the commercial production of semisynthetic penicillins used to combat bacterial infections. mutant strains of providencia rettgeri were generated from wild-type cultures subjected to nutritional selective pressure. one such mutant, bro1, was able to use 6-bromohexanamide as its sole nitrogen source. penicillin acylase from the bro1 strain exhibited an altered substrate specificity consistent with the ability of the mutant to process 6-bromohexanamid ...	1999	10548042
two cases of fatal transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis provoked by providencia rettgeri.		1999	10553171
providencia stuartii genes activated by cell-to-cell signaling and identification of a gene required for production or activity of an extracellular factor.	by utilizing reporter transposons, five providencia stuartii genes that are activated by the accumulation of self-produced extracellular signals have been identified. these genes have been designated cma for conditioned medium activated. the presence of conditioned medium from stationary-phase cultures grown in rich media resulted in the premature activation of each gene in cells at early log phase, with activation values ranging from 6- to 26-fold. preparation of conditioned medium from an m9 s ...	1999	10572119
comparative evaluation of five chromogenic media for detection, enumeration and identification of urinary tract pathogens.	five chromogenic agar plates--cps id2 medium (biomérieux, france), chromagar orientation medium (becton dickinson, france), uriselect3 medium (sanofi diagnostics pasteur, france), rainbow agar uti medium (biolog, usa) and chromogenic uti medium (oxoid, germany)--for the detection, enumeration and direct identification of urinary tract pathogens were compared using 443 urine specimens at two hospital laboratories. the enumeration of microorganisms was consistent on the five media for 403 of the 4 ...	1999	10614954
[the results of a multicenter study of the comparative activity of cefepime and other antibiotics against the causative agents of severe hospital infections (the micromax program)].	a multicentre trial was performed on the activity of cefepime in comparison with ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem and ciprofloxacin against severe hospital infection pathogens in intensive care units. the isolates of escherichia coli and proteus spp. from the majority of the centres were highly susceptible to the antibiotics (90 to 100 per cent of the isolates). in some centres up to 40 per cent of the isolates produced esbl. the isolates of klebsiella spp. were charac ...	1999	10629736
bacterial resistance to disinfectants: present knowledge and future problems.	bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a long-established, widely-studied problem. increasingly, attention is being directed to the responses of various types of microbes to biocides (antiseptics, disinfectants and preservatives). different groups of bacteria vary in their susceptibility to biocides, with bacterial spores being the most resistant, followed by mycobacteria, then gram-negative organisms, with cocci generally being the most sensitive. there are wide divergencies within this general ...	1999	10658759
selective medium for primary isolation of members of the tribe proteeae.	a selective proteeae medium (spm) for isolation and preliminary detection of species of genera proteus, morganella, and providencia was evaluated. the spm contains tryptose phosphate agar with phenolphthalein monophosphate (as substrate for phosphatase activity), bile salts and polymyxin b (as inhibitors). the selectivity of the spm was tested by the ecometric method of quality assurance of culture media. fourteen reference cultures of enterobacteria and fifty-four strains of proteeae were teste ...	1999	11097023
[nosocomial urinary stent infection at the urology service of the cocody university hospital center].	one of the most common complication of urinary stent is urinary infection. at the cocody university, 28 men and 2 females who had a urinary stent were evaluated for urinary infection, bacterial growth, and their sensitivity to antibiotics. in 85.71% of the cases, the bacteriologic analysis was positive for a mean duration of urinary drainage of 32, 62 days (range 03 to 90 days). bacterial isolates were: 11 cases of klebsiella spp, 5 cases of providencia spp; 1 case of escherichia coli, 1 case of ...	1999	11957281
moxifloxacin (bay 12-8039): a new methoxy quinolone antibacterial.	moxifloxacin (bay 12-8039) is a new 8 methoxy quinolone antibacterial. the mic90 values are < or = 0.25 mg/l for streptococcus pneumoniae (irrespective of penicillin susceptibility), haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive or negative), morexella catarrhalis, bordetella pertussis, legionella sp., mycoplasma pneumoniae, clamydia pneumoniae, mycobacterium tuberculosis, methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus, beta-haemolytic streptococci (macrolide-sensitive or -resistant), listeria sp ...	1999	15992072
[culture and tradition of the inhabitants of san andrés y providencia].		1999	19437803
c-3 substituted lawsonemonoximates of holmium(iii): synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity.	a series of five new metal complexes of ho(iii) with c-3 substituted derivatives of lawsonemonexime (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenediene-1-oxime) were synthesized. the compounds were characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, ir spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility. the antimicrobial activity of the compounds were determined by disk diffusion method and broth micro-dilution techniques using mueller hinton medium against the following organisms: s. aureus atcc 6538p, klebsiella pneumoniae ...	2000	18475938
[low-intensity laser radiation in preoperative preparation of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].	low-intensity laser therapy administered in the form of intravenous blood irradiation, transrectal and transurethral prostatic irradiation and their combination as preoperative preparation and correction of immunity disturbances in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) were studied. the response to the treatment was evaluated by positive changes in the immune status and bacterial contamination of the urine and prostatic tissue. conventional preoperative preparation (uroantiseptics, an ...	2000	16856453
beta-lactam susceptibility patterns and investigation of cephalosporin hydrolysing beta-lactamases of gram-negative extraintestinal clinical isolates.	of more than 3500 isolates of enterobacteriaceae, 48-69% were resistant to aminopenicillins and 11-45% to amoxycillin+clavulanic acid. resistance to second and third generation cephalosporins was present in 11-17 and 3-8% of escherichia coli, 47-56 and 15-52% of klebsiella-enterobacter, 36-57 and 16-27% of proteus, providencia and morganella isolates. pseudomonas aeruginosa strains varied in their resistance to antipseudomonal beta-lactams. isoelectric points, inhibitor profiles and substrate pr ...	2000	11118847
in vitro antibacterial spectrum of a new broad-spectrum 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone, gatifloxacin.	the in vitro antibacterial spectrum of gatifloxacin was compared with those of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. gatifloxacin was two- to four-fold more potent than comparator quinolones against staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci and enterococci (gatifloxacin mic90s, < or =1 mg/l, except 4 mg/l against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecium). gatifloxacin was two-fold less potent than ciprofloxacin, and the same as or two-fold more potent than ofloxacin against ent ...	2000	10747819
mechanical carrier of bacterial enteric pathogens by chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae) in chiang mai, thailand.	chrysomya megacephala was studied regarding its mechanically bacterial carrier in urban areas of chiang mai, northern thailand. fifty-six adult flies were randomly collected using sweep insect net during april-may, 1999 from 3 fresh food markets and examined for bacteriological isolation. among them, 49 flies (87.5%) were bacterial carriers. the total 22 bacterial species and 8 groups were isolated. three species previously reported as the bacterial enteric pathogens causing diarrheal disease we ...	2000	11414447
diversity and contribution of the intestinal bacterial community to the development of musca domestica (diptera: muscidae) larvae.	the bacterial diversity in the intestinal tract of musca domestica l. was examined in larvae collected from turkey bedding and corn silage. aerobic culturing yielded 25 bacterial species, including 11 from larvae collected from turkey bedding and 14 from larvae collected from corn silage. providencia rettgeri (hadley, elkins & caldwell) was the only species common to both environments. two mammalian pathogens, yersinia pseudotuberculosis (pfeiffer) and ochrobactrum anthropi (holmes), were isolat ...	2000	11126551
[reef fishes community structure in 4 atolls of the san andrés - providencia archipelago (southwestern caribbean)].	in 1994 and 1995, 131 visual censuses of reef fishes were made using the stationary sampling method in courtown, albuquerque, serrana and roncador, four atolls of the archipelago of san andrés and old providence in the southwestern caribbean. fish species and their abundances were recorded in four geomorphologic zones: lagoon, windward barrier reef, windward terrace and forereef terrace. a total of 98 species were censused; the most abundant were chromis cyanea (14%), clepticus parra (14%) and s ...	2000	11487934
managing urinary tract infections in men.	despite the obvious genitourinary differences between the sexes, management of lower urinary tract infections in men is based largely on standards developed from studies in women. this has helped foster misconceptions that, among other problems, add needless complexity and expense to diagnosis and treatment of male patients.	2000	10645989
fragmentation of 23s rrna in strains of proteus and providencia results from intervening sequences in the rrn (rrna) genes.	intervening sequences (ivss) were originally identified in the rrl genes for 23s rrna (rrl genes, for large ribosomal subunit, part of rrn operon encoding rrna) of salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium lt2 and arizonae. these sequences are transcribed but later removed during rnase iii processing of the rrna, resulting in fragmentation of the 23s species; ivss are uncommon, but have been reported in at least 10 bacterial genera. through pcr amplification of ivs-containing regions of the rrl g ...	2000	10648538
an approach for enhancing heterologous production of providencia rettgeri penicillin acylase in escherichia coli.	heterologous production of providencia rettgeri penicillin acylase (pac) was optimized in escherichia coli. several factors, including carbon, temperature, and host effects, were identified to be critical for the enzyme overproduction. the optimum culture conditions for the enzyme production vary for different host/vector systems. with the optimization, both volumetric and specific pac activities could be significantly improved by more than 50-fold compared to the native expression in p. rettger ...	2000	10835229
a kinetic study on the interaction between tazobactam (a penicillanic acid sulphone derivative) and active-site serine beta-lactamases.	the interaction between tazobactam and several chromosome- and plasmid-encoded (tem, shv, pse types) class a and c beta-lactamases was studied by spectrophotometry. tazobactam behaved as a competitive inhibitor or inactivator able to restore in several cases the efficiency of piperacillin as a partner beta-lactam. a detailed kinetic analysis permitted measurement of the acylation efficiency for some cephalosporinases and broad-spectrum beta-lactamases; the presence of a turn-over of acyl-enzyme ...	2000	10850951
in vitro activity of rifaximin, metronidazole and vancomycin against clostridium difficile and the rate of selection of spontaneously resistant mutants against representative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, including ammonia-producing species.	rifaximin is a rifamycin derivative characterized by a wide antibacterial activity. this drug is neither absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract nor inactivated by gastric juices, and exerts its action entirely within the intestinal lumen.	2000	10859431
structure of an acidic o-specific polysaccharide of the bacterium providencia alcalifaciens o7.	an acidic o-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of the bacterium providencia alcalifaciens o7 and purified by gel chromatography followed by anion-exchange chromatography. on the basis of full acid hydrolysis, methylation, carboxyl reduction, selective cleavage with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, and 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including two-dimensional 1h,1h homonuclear and h-detected 1h,13c heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy and nuclear o ...	2000	10887286
assessment of the microbiological quality and wash treatments of lettuce served in university restaurants.	one hundred and forty-four samples of lettuce from 16 university restaurants were analyzed. the mesophilic aerobic counts of all samples ranged from 3.01 to 7.81 log10 cfu g(-1). results of total coliforms ranged from < 0.47 to > 3.38 log10 most probable number (mpn) g(-1). of the lettuce samples, 25.7% harbored escherichia coli, 22.9% staphylococcus aureus and 84% group d streptococci. similarly, 10.4% of the samples harbored aeromonas hydrophila, 2.8% pseudomonas aeruginosa, and coliforms such ...	2000	10898470
sequence diversity of intervening sequences (ivss) in the 23s ribosomal rna in salmonella spp.	intervening sequences (ivss) occur sporadically in the rrl (ribosomal rna large) genes for 23s ribosomal rna (rrna) at helix-25 (base pair 550) and helix 45 (base pair 1170) in several bacterial genera, including salmonella, yersinia, proteus, and providencia, representing the enterobacteriaceae, but are missing from other genera such as escherichia. these sequences are transcribed, but later excised without re-ligation during rnaseiii processing of the rrna, resulting in fragmented 23s rrna. th ...	2000	10925202
hhv-8 is not a cofactor in the pathogenesis of environmentally induced malignant pleural mesothelioma.	after the recognition of human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8) in kaposi's sarcoma lesions, this new virus has been shown to be associated with various types of malignancy. one of them, body cavity-based lymphoma, is a high grade b-cell lymphoma arising from the body cavities. similarly, mesothelioma is a tumour that originates from the serosal linings of the pleural, pericardial and peritoneal cavities. one of the striking characteristics of mesothelioma cells is the secretion of interleukin-6 (il-6). a ...	2000	10949869
identification of escherichia coli ubib, a gene required for the first monooxygenase step in ubiquinone biosynthesis.	it was recently discovered that the aarf gene in providencia stuartii is required for coenzyme q (coq) biosynthesis. here we report that yigr, the escherichia coli homologue of aarf, is ubib, a gene required for the first monooxygenase step in coq biosynthesis. both the p. stuartii aarf and e. coli ubib (yigr) disruption mutant strains lack coq and accumulate octaprenylphenol. octaprenylphenol is the coq biosynthetic intermediate found to accumulate in the e. coli strain an59, which contains the ...	2000	10960098
classification, identification, and clinical significance of proteus, providencia, and morganella.	this review presents the current taxonomy of the genera proteus, providencia, and morganella, along with the current methods for the identification of each species within the three genera, incorporating both conventional biochemical and commercial methods. while all of these organisms are ubiquitous in the environment, individual case reports and nosocomial outbreak reports that demonstrate their ability to cause major infectious disease problems are presented. lastly, anticipated antimicrobial ...	2000	11023955
gut bacteria may be involved in interactions between plants, herbivores and their predators: microbial biosynthesis of n-acylglutamine surfactants as elicitors of plant volatiles.	n-acylamino acids are dominant and widespread constituents of insect oral secretions (regurgitants), serving the insect as biosurfactants in the digestive process. during feeding the conjugates may be introduced into damaged leaves and contribute there to the elicitation of plant defenses such as the induction of volatile biosynthesis. from gut segments of spodoptera exigua, mamestra brassicae and agrotis segetum 23 bacterial strains were isolated, ten of which were able to synthesise typical le ...	2000	11030433
classification of proteus vulgaris biogroup 3 with recognition of proteus hauseri sp. nov., nom. rev. and unnamed proteus genomospecies 4, 5 and 6.	strains traditionally identified as proteus vulgaris formed three biogroups. biogroup 1, characterized by negative reactions for indole production, salicin fermentation and aesculin hydrolysis, is now known as proteus penneri. biogroup 2, characterized by positive reactions for indole, salicin and aesculin, was shown by dna hybridization (hydroxyapatite method) to be a genetic species separate from biogroup 1 and from biogroup 3 which is positive for indole production and negative for salicin an ...	2000	11034498
providencia may help find a function for a novel, widespread protein family.		2000	11050401
natural antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from larvae of the oil fly, helaeomyia petrolei.	helaeomyia petrolei (oil fly) larvae inhabit the asphalt seeps of rancho la brea in los angeles, calif. the culturable microbial gut contents of larvae collected from the viscous oil were recently examined, and the majority (9 of 14) of the strains were identified as providencia spp. subsequently, 12 of the bacterial strains isolated were tested for their resistance or sensitivity to 23 commonly used antibiotics. all nine strains classified as providencia rettgeri exhibited dramatic resistance t ...	2000	11055901
gatifloxacin: a new fluoroquinolone.	gatifloxacin is a new 8-methoxy-fluoroquinoline antimicrobial agent. it has enhanced activity against gram-positive and atypical agents, while retaining broad-spectrum antigram-negative activity. for example, the mic(90) values for respiratory tract pathogens are < or = 0.5 microg/ml for organisms such as streptococcus pneumoniae (regardless of penicillin susceptibility), haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive or negative), moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase positive or negative), le ...	2000	11060784
further studies on rpos in enterobacteria: identification of rpos in enterobacter cloacae and kluyvera cryocrescens.	rpos, the alternative sigma factor sigma(s), is important for bacterial survival under extreme conditions. many enterobacteria are opportunistic human pathogens and their ability to survive in a changing environment could be an essential step for their virulence. to determine the presence of this gene in enteric bacteria, an escherichia coli rpos probe was constructed and used to detect the presence of this gene in different species. a gene homologous to rpos was found in citrobacter amalonaticu ...	2001	11491080
urinary tract infections in patients with spinal cord lesions: treatment and prevention.	even though the mortality due to urinary tract complications has decreased dramatically during the last decades in individuals with spinal cord lesions (scl), urinary tract infections (uti) still cause significant morbidity in this population. complicated uti are caused by a much wider variety of organisms in individuals with scl than in the general population and are often polymicrobial. escherichia coli, pseudomonas spp., klebsiella spp., proteus spp., serratia spp., providencia spp., enteroco ...	2001	11511022
comparative antimicrobial spectrum and activity of bms284756 (t-3811, a desfluoroquinolone) tested against 656 enterobacteriaceae, including preliminary in vitro susceptibility test comparisons and development.	bms284756 (t-3811), a novel des-f(6)-quinolone, was evaluated using isolates of enterobacteriaceae from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program tested by etest (ab biodisk, solna, sweden), reference broth microdilution and disk diffusion (5-microg) methods. ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gemifloxacin and gatifloxacin were also tested by broth microdilution as comparator antimicrobial agents within the same drug class. the 656 isolate collection included species from the genera citrobacter, e ...	2001	11516937
intervening sequences in rrl genes and fragmentation of 23s rrna in genera of the family enterobacteriaceae.	intervening sequences (ivss) in the rrl genes for 23s rrna are transcribed but later removed by rnase iii without religation during rna processing, leading to fragmented rrna. we examined about 240 strains of the family enterobacteriaceae for presence of ivss using pcr. no ivss were detected in strains belonging to escherichia, shigella, enterobacter, erwinia, ewingella, hafnia, kluyvera, morganella, pantoea, or serratia. previously unreported ivss were detected in klebsiella oxytoca, citrobacte ...	2001	11544246
a large outbreak of foodborne infection attributed to providencia alcalifaciens.	the enteropathogenicity of providencia alcalifaciens, a member of the family enterobacteriaceae, has not yet been well established. in november 1996, a large outbreak of foodborne infection occurred in fukui, japan. in this study, the etiology of the outbreak was investigated. no other recognized enteropathogens were detected in patient fecal samples, but p. alcalifaciens was detected in 7 of 18 samples. the isolates were found to be clonal by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the patients who p ...	2001	11574921
antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetics of e-4767 and e-5065, two new 8-chlorofluoroquinolones with a 7-azetidin ring substituent.	e-4767 [(-)-7-[3-(r)-amino-2-(s)-methyl-1-azetidinyl]-8-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid] and e-5065 [(-)-7-(3-amino-1-azetidinyl)-8-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid] are two new chlorofluoroquinolones with an azetidine moiety at position 7. their in vitro activities were evaluated in comparison with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, fleroxacin, and tosufloxacin, while ciprofloxacin was used as a reference for i ...	2001	11600365
non-invasive providencia alcalifaciens strains fail to attach to hep-2 cells.	we investigated the adherence properties of six p. alcalifaciens strains with previously characterized differential invasive capabilities in hep-2 cells. highly invasive strains were found to attach to hep-2 cell monolayers within 2 h post-infection and in large numbers on the eukaryotic cell surfaces within 3 h post-infection. in contrast, weakly or non-invasive p. alcalifaciens strains were non-adherent to hep-2 cells even at 3 h post-infection. highly invasive isolates were found to weakly bi ...	2001	11685508
hyperammonemic coma caused by providencia rettgeri infection in a child with prune belly syndrome.	objective: to report a case of hyperammonemic encephalopathy in the absence of liver disease caused by a urinary tract infection with a previously unreported organism. design: case report. setting: pediatric intensive care unit. patient: critically ill child who presented with hyperammonemic coma. intervention: bladder drainage and antimicrobial therapy for the urinary tract infection. measurements: rapid resolution of the hyperammonemia. main results: rapid improvement in the patient's neurolog ...	2001	12797879
formation of chromosomal tandem arrays of the sxt element and r391, two conjugative chromosomally integrating elements that share an attachment site.	the sxt element, a conjugative, self-transmissible, integrating element (a constin) originally derived from a vibrio cholerae o139 isolate from india, and incj element r391, originally derived from a south african providencia rettgeri isolate, were found to be genetically and functionally related. both of these constins integrate site specifically into the escherichia coli chromosome at an identical attachment site within the 5' end of prfc. they encode nearly identical integrases, which are req ...	2001	11157923
isolation and identification of bacteria associated with adult laboratory mexican fruit flies, anastrepha ludens (diptera: tephritidae).	from the guts of new and old colonies (female and male) of mexican fruit flies, anastrepha ludens (diptera: tephritidae), we identified a total of 18 different bacterial species belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonadaceae, vibrionaceae, micrococcaceae, deinococcacea, bacillaceae, and the genus listeria. enterobacter, providencia, serratia, and staphylococcus spp. were the most frequently isolated genera, with citrobacter, streptococcus, aerococcus, and listeria found less freque ...	2001	11178731
molecular analysis of clinical isolates of providencia alcalifaciens.	in an attempt to elucidate the virulence factors and the pathogenic mechanisms of providencia alcalifaciens, 36 isolates identified in 1994-1995 in recife city, brazil were analysed by pcr to investigate the presence of dna sequences homologous to virulence genes described in other invasive enterobacteria, as well as their ability to invade hela cells, their plasmid profiles and antibiotic resistance patterns. the genetic diversity of the isolates was also analysed by rapd-pcr. no homologous seq ...	2001	11192501
new tem variant (tem-92) produced by proteus mirabilis and providencia stuartii isolates.	the sequences of the bla(tem) genes encoding tem-92 in proteus mirabilis and providencia stuartii isolates were determined and were found to be identical. except for positions 218 (lys-6) and 512 (lys-104), the nucleotide sequence of bla(tem-92) was identical to that of bla(tem-20), including the sequence of the promoter region harboring a 135-bp deletion combined with a g-162-->t substitution. the deduced amino acid sequence of tem-92 differed from that of tem-52 by the presence of a substituti ...	2001	11257046