Publications

evaluation of three different stb assays and comparison of enterotoxin pattern over a five-year period in swedish porcine escherichia coli.	the pig intestinal loop (pil) assay, inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and dna hybridization assay were compared for analysis of escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin b (stb) on 201 porcine e. coli strains. the dna hybridization had a 95% correlation with the stb elisa and was therefore chosen as the method for subsequent screening of enterotoxin genes: heat labile (lt), heat-stable a (sta), and/or stb. in contrast to the pil assay, both the stb elisa and dna hybridization ...	1992	1424503
observations on production of hemolysin, heat-labile enterotoxin and antimicrobial drug resistance among enterotoxigenic escherichia coli from pigs.	a total of 52 isolates of escherichia coli belonging to enterotoxigenic serotypes from piglets with diarrhea were examined for hemolysis, production of cholera-like enterotoxin (lt) and susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial drugs. a strong association between production of lt and hemolysis was seen. ninety percent of 29 hemolylic isolates were lt+ whereas 100% of 23 nonhemolytic isolates were lt- in a commercial latex agglutination assay. antimicrobial susceptibility tests employing disc diffusion ...	1992	1424558
lipopolysaccharide (lps) inhalation in healthy subjects increases neutrophils, lymphocytes and fibronectin levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.	bacterial endotoxin has been suggested as responsible for the development of subjective symptoms and transient or chronic lung function impairment seen after exposure to organic dusts in cotton mills, poultry houses, swine confinement buildings and saw mills. animal experiments have demonstrated bronchoalveolar neutrophilia being the most prominent cell response in animals following bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) inhalation. the present study was conducted to obtain information on some aspec ...	1992	1426208
effect of concentration and source of sulfate on nursery pig performance and health.	the effect of sulfate in drinking water at concentrations of 600, 1,200, and 1,800 mg/l on nursery pig performance and health was evaluated over 28 days on 415 weaned pigs. sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate were evaluated in combination at concentrations of 600, 1,200, and 1,800 mg/l, and independently at concentrations of 600 and 1,800 mg/l in the drinking water. seven treatment groups and 1 control group were evaluated for mean gain, feed consumption, water consumption, feed conversion, pre ...	1992	1429159
[isolation of vero-cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli from cattle and serotyping and toxin-typing of the isolated strains].	two hundred and sixty-six piglets with diarrhea (from 4 farms), 73 healthy pregnant pig (from 2 farms), 27 calves with diarrhea (from 9 farms) and 47 healthy milk cows (from 1 farm) were examined for vero-cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec), and 52, 11, 15 and 67 strains of vtec were isolated from 17 piglets, 11 pregnant pigs, 6 calves and 23 milk cows, respectively. all vtec strains from the piglets produced only vt2vp, while the strains from the healthy pigs did not produce vt2vp, but ...	1992	1431372
molecular characterisation of a dna ligase gene of the extremely thermophilic archaeon desulfurolobus ambivalens shows close phylogenetic relationship to eukaryotic ligases.	a 3382 bp fragment containing a gene for a dna ligase from the extremely thermophilic, acidophilic, and facultatively anaerobic archaeon (archaebacterium) desulfurolobus ambivalens was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence (600 amino acids, 67619 molecular weight) showed 30-34% sequence identity with the atp-dependent eucaryal (eukaryotic) dna ligases of schizosaccharomyces pombe, saccharomyces cerevisiae, the human dna ligase i, and with the vaccinia dna ligase. distant similari ...	1992	1437556
effects of injectable beta-carotene and vitamin a on lymphocyte proliferation and polymorphonuclear neutrophil function in piglets.	newborn piglets were injected with either (1) vehicle; (2) 20 mg beta-carotene; (3) 40 mg beta-carotene; (4) 25,000 iu vitamin a palmitate, or (5) 50,000 iu vitamin a palmitate. blood was collected at 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 weeks of age and lymphocyte proliferation, polymorphonuclear neutrophil (pmn) phagocytosis and intracellular killing of live escherichia coli were measured. lymphocyte proliferation in all piglets was high at birth but decreased thereafter. piglets injected with either high beta-ca ...	1992	1467371
solubilization of growth hormone and other recombinant proteins from escherichia coli inclusion bodies by using a cationic surfactant.	recombinant pig growth hormone (rpgh) was solubilized from inclusion bodies by using the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (ctac). the solubilizing action of ctac appeared to be dependent on the presence of a positively charged head group, as a non-charged variant was inactive. relatively low concentrations of ctac were required for rapid solubilization, and protein-bound ctac was easily removed by ion-exchange chromatography. compared with solubilization and recovery of rpgh f ...	1992	1497625
polymerase chain reaction for detection of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from animal and food sources.	animals and their by-products have been implicated as important sources of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) associated with disease in humans. vtec comprise a wide range of serotypes and produce a variety of closely related verocytotoxins (vt). a pair of oligonucleotide primers, targeting conserved sequences found in vt1, vt2 and vte genes, was used to develop a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedure to detect all types of vtec. supernatants of boiled broth cultures of vtec (223 stra ...	1992	1513344
fate of escherichia coli o157:h7 as affected by ph or sodium chloride and in fermented, dry sausage.	the influence of ph adjusted with lactic acid or hcl or sodium chloride concentration on survival or growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 in trypticase soy broth (tsb) was determined. studies also determined the fate of e. coli o157:h7 during the production and storage of fermented, dry sausage. the organism grew in tsb containing less than or equal to 6.5% nacl or at a ph of 4.5 to 9.0, adjusted with hcl. when tsb was acidified with lactic acid, the organism grew at ph 4.6 but not at ph 4.5. a co ...	1992	1514799
is escherichia coli invading tubuloepithelial cells?	the adhesion of escherichia coli to host epithelium cells is the very first step of urinary tract infections followed by the internalization of the bacteria into these cells. these steps are influenced by several surface antigens or products of the pathogen, e.g. fimbriae or adhesins, k antigen, and hemolysin. the bacterial adherence and the internalization of several isogenic e. coli o18 strains differing in the expression of k5 antigen, hemolysin, and type of fimbriae were measured by using a ...	1992	1520978
cloning and expression of a transferrin-binding protein from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.	an expression library was constructed from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 7. escherichia coli transformants expressing recombinant proteins were identified by immunoscreening with porcine convalescent serum. one transformant expressing a 60-kda protein (60k protein) in aggregated form was identified. serum raised against the recombinant protein recognized a polypeptide with an indistinguishable electrophoretic mobility in the a. pleuropneumoniae wild type after iron-restricted growth o ...	1992	1541562
expression of porcine complement cytolysis inhibitor mrna in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells. changes during differentiation in vitro.	porcine smooth muscle cells (smc) grown to a high density monolayer culture undergo a morphological transition in which the cells draw away from the substrate and form multicellular nodules. the cells within the nodule resemble smc in the aortic media and in some atherosclerotic plaques. the process of nodule formation is associated with the enhanced production of a secreted 38-kda glycoprotein. to characterize the 38-kda protein and its expression, a cdna clone (pc38k) was isolated by immunolog ...	1992	1544909
expression in vivo and in vitro of the major structural protein (vp73) of african swine fever virus.	the vp73 protein was produced by in vitro transcription and translation from the xho i-bam hi fragment located between the cla i-n and cla i-h fragments of the viral genome. this dna fragment encodes a late mrna of about 2.6 kb detected in infected ms monkey and bhk hamster cells. the transcript was initiated at a site within two bases upstream of the translation initiation codon. the in vitro synthesized polypeptide shows the same molecular weight as the in vivo synthesized polypeptide, suggest ...	1992	1550491
characterization of escherichia coli strains isolated from pigs with edema disease.	escherichia coli strains belonging to serogroups o 138 and o 139 isolated from pigs with edema disease, were characterized with respect to the presence of genes encoding shiga-like toxin i, shiga-like toxin ii and shiga-like toxin iiv (slt i, slt ii and slt iiv). genes coding for the heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxins (st i and lt i) were also detected. plasmid profiling, restriction enzyme digestion of total dna, and ribotyping were performed for further characterization of the strains. t ...	1992	1557896
31p nmr spectroscopic studies on purified, native and cloned, expressed forms of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase.	31p nmr spectroscopy has been utilized in conjunction with site-directed mutagenesis and phospholipid analysis to determine structural aspects of the prosthetic flavins, fad and fmn, of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase. comparisons are made among detergent-solubilized and protease (steapsin)-solubilized preparations of porcine liver reductases, showing unequivocally that the 31p nmr signals at approximately 0.0 ppm in the detergent-solubilized, hydrophobic form are attributable to phospholipids. ...	1992	1567869
influence of indomethacin on endotoxin-induced changes in gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity and some haematological and clinical parameters in the conscious piglet.	the effect of indomethacin, administered intravenously at 5 mg/kg, on the changes in gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity, rectal body temperature, clinical appearance and some haematological parameters induced by intravenous bolus injection of endotoxin, at 10 micrograms/kg, was examined in conscious piglets with electrodes implanted in the antrum pylori, duodenum, jejunum and ileum. indomethacin inhibited the endotoxin-induced febrile response and the accompanying clinical signs. however, i ...	1992	1598755
time course of various inflammatory mediators during recurrent endotoxemia.	the time course of thromboxane b2 (txb2), 6-keto-pgf1 alpha (stable metabolite of prostacyclin), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha), platelet activating factor (paf), and interleukin-6 (il-6) formation after three lipopolysaccharide (lps) infusions was studied in pigs over an 18-hr, period. the escherichia coli endotoxin w0111:b4 was injected i.v. into 10 of the test group pigs at a dose of 0.5 micrograms/kg over 30 min at 0, 5 and 10 hr of the experiment. three pigs injected with physiolog ...	1992	1599496
colonization of the small intestine of weaned pigs by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli that lack known colonization factors.	intestinal colonization of 3-week-old weaned pigs by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains that were originally isolated from weaned pigs with fatal diarrhea and that lacked k88, k99, f41, and 987p adhesins (4p- etec) was studied by histologic, immunofluorescent, and electron microscopic techniques. in the first experiment, 16 principal pigs were inoculated orogastrically with etec strain 2134 (serogroup o157: h19) or 2171 (serogroup 0141:h4), and eight control pigs were not inoculated ...	1992	1621335
characterization of the genes encoding beta-ketoadipate: succinyl-coenzyme a transferase in pseudomonas putida.	beta-ketoadipate:succinyl-coenzyme a transferase (beta-ketoadipate:succinyl-coa transferase) (ec 2.8.3.6) carries out the penultimate step in the conversion of benzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate to tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in bacteria utilizing the beta-ketoadipate pathway. this report describes the characterization of a dna fragment from pseudomonas putida that encodes this enzyme. the fragment complemented mutants defective in the synthesis of the coa transferase, and two proteins of ...	1992	1624453
plasmid content and localisation of the stai (stap) gene in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli with a non-radioactive polynucleotide gene probe.	enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strain p2200 of porcine origin possessed eight possibly plasmid-determined characters (k88+ raf+ hly+ col+ smr tcr su(r) sta+) and six plasmid dna bands of 4.2-93 kb. analysis of the spontaneous loss of characters and the results of matings with other e. coli strains revealed that the k88, raf, hly, smr, tcr and su(r) characters could be transferred, and that the presence of the k88 and raf characters was associated with an 83-kb plasmid. the presence and ...	1992	1629900
optimization of the synthesis of porcine somatotropin in escherichia coli.	we report on the influence of choice of promoter and rna polymerase, 5'-untranslated regions and ribosome binding sites, codon usage, leader peptide coding sequences and poly a tail in the 3'-untranslated region on the synthesis of porcine somatotropin (pst) in escherichia coli. a total of 12 different constructs were tested in this study for the production of porcine somatotropin (pst) in e. coli. several factors have significant effects on pst synthesis. in the presence of a strong promoter an ...	1993	7763714
resuscitation of anesthetized endotoxemic pigs by use of hypertonic saline solution containing dextran.	we evaluated the biochemical and hemodynamic response to hypertonic saline solution plus dextran in isoflurane-anesthetized pigs infused iv with escherichia coli endotoxin (5 micrograms/kg of body weight for 0 to 1 hour + 2 micrograms/kg for 1 to 4 hours). after 120 minutes of endotoxemia, pigs were treated with a bolus (4 ml/kg over 3 minutes) of either normal saline solution (nss; 0.9% nacl), or hypertonic saline solution plus dextran (hssd; 7.5% nacl + 6% dextran-70). administration of hssd s ...	1993	7679261
antibody epitope mapping of the gastric h+/k(+)-atpase.	several antibodies against the gastric h+/k(+)-atpase were analysed for the topological and sequence location of their epitopes. topological mapping was done by comparing indirect immunofluorescent staining in intact and permeabilised rat parietal cells. epitope definition was by western analysis of intact and of trypsin or v8-proteinase-fragmented hog gastric atpase combined with n-terminal sequencing of the fragments; by western analysis of fragments of rabbit alpha subunit expressed in escher ...	1993	7686397
[enterotoxigenic escherichia coli k99+, serotype 08:k25, produce cytotoxic necrotizing factor cnf1 and alpha-hemolysin].	a total of 54 k99+ and/or f41+ escherichia coli strains isolated of calves and piglets with diarrhoea in different countries were investigated for production of heat-labile (lt) and heat-stable (sta) enterotoxins, verotoxins (vt1 and vt2), cytotoxic necrotizing factors (cnf1 and cnf2), alpha-haemolysin (hly) and enterohaemolysin (enthly). fifty-one (94%) strains were sta+, two (4%) were sta+cnf1+hly+ and one (2%) was not toxigenic. the two sta+cnf1+hly+ e. coli strains expressed the k99 intestin ...	1993	7691086
a monoclonal antibody identifies 2134p fimbriae as adhesins on enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from postweaning pigs.	fimbriae (pili) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), including k88, k99, 987p, and f41, are adhesins that facilitate intestinal colonization in neonatal pigs. k88 is also associated with some etec isolated from weaned pigs. many etec isolates from weaned pigs do not express known adhesins and are termed 4p-. a novel bacterial adhesin, 2134p, was recently identified on two 4p- etec isolates from weaned pigs. in this study, we identified a 2134p-specific monoclonal antibody, mab 6c7/c1, tha ...	1993	7905220
purification and some properties of a vero toxin 2 (shiga-like toxin ii) variant (slt-iiva) of escherichia coli isolated from infantile diarrhea.	a variant of vero toxin 2 (vt2), or shiga-like toxin ii (slt-ii) was purified from a cloned strain of escherichia coli carrying a gene that encodes slt-iiva, which is most closely related to slt-iiv (vt2vp, vte) in its nucleotide sequence. the purified slt-iiva showed a slight difference from the purified slt-iiv (vt2vp) in mobility on polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis and sds-polyacrylamide gel slab electrophoresis and in pi, but both showed a similar potency in biological activities. ouc ...	1993	8015420
pathogenicity of an escherichia coli o115:k"v165" mutant negative for f165(1) fimbriae in septicemia of gnotobiotic pigs.	to evaluate the role of the f165(1) fimbrial system in the pathogenesis of septicemia, 2-day-old germfree pigs were inoculated intragastrically with escherichia coli o115:k"v165":f165 wild-type strain 5131, its f165(1)-negative tnphoa mutant m48, or e. coli o115:k(-):f165(-) wild-type strain 862b. pigs were sacrificed at different times (3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h) postinfection (p.i.). pigs inoculated with strain 5131 developed clinical signs (anorexia, lameness, reluctance to move, or lack of ...	1993	8094383
[intestinal receptors for adhesive fimbriae of escherichia coli in swine--a literature review].	this review describes the mechanism of intestinal colonization by enterotoxigenic and enterotoxaemic escherichia (e.) coli in swine. colonization depends on specific binding between adhesive fimbriae and receptors on the enterocytes. special focus is given on the occurrence of specific intestinal receptors for the fimbrial antigens f4 (k88), f5 (k99), f6 (987p) and f41. the demonstration of these receptors allows the identification of susceptible and resistant pigs. furthermore unclassified adhe ...	1993	8096652
identification of plasmid and chromosomal copies of 987p pilus genes in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli 987.	a dna probe derived from the subunit gene of a cloned 987p determinant was used to characterize the locations of the 987p genes in several escherichia coli strains. we examined e. coli 987, a nonpiliated mutant of strain 987 (i36) that does not express 987p in vitro, and a variant of i36 that expressed 987p following growth in vivo. we found that plasmid and chromosomal copies of the 987p subunit gene could be differentiated in strain 987 by restriction endonuclease analysis and southern blot hy ...	1993	8097495
structure and copy number analyses of pap-, sfa-, and afa-related gene clusters in f165-positive bovine and porcine escherichia coli isolates.	pathogenic f165-positive escherichia coli isolates of porcine and bovine origin possess gene clusters related to extraintestinal e. coli fimbrial operons pap, sfa, and afai. probes from different segments of the pap, sfa, and afai operons were used in southern hybridization to analyze 18 f165-positive, mannose-resistant hemagglutinating e. coli isolates possessing pap- and sfa-, pap- and afa-, or pap-related sequences. only single copies of the pap-, sfa-, or afa-related sequences were found amo ...	1993	8099065
human clara cell 10-kda protein is the counterpart of rabbit uteroglobin.	human clara cell 10-kda protein has been suggested to be a counterpart of rabbit uteroglobin, an immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory secretory protein. since this human protein is not readily available in substantial quantity for detailed characterization of its biochemical, biological, and pharmacological properties, we sought to express it in escherichia coli in order to study its structure-function relationship. however, bacterial overproduction of homodimeric proteins with interchain disul ...	1993	8104186
regio- and stereoselective oxygenations by adult human liver flavin-containing monooxygenase 3. comparison with forms 1 and 2.	the cdna for the adult human liver flavin-containing monooxygenase (form 3) (fmo3) was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. the cdna-expressed fmo3 was used to investigate the regio- and stereoselective n- and s-oxygenation of a number of tertiary amines and sulfides, respectively. for comparison, the n- and s-oxygenation of the same chemicals and drugs were examined with adult human liver microsomes from a normal healthy female donor and fmo1 from pig liver and fmo2 from rabbit ...	1993	8117918
antibiotic resistance of enterobacteriaceae isolated from the faecal flora of fattening pigs.	from june 1991 to april 1992 407 faecal samples were collected from three groups of pigs (i n = 248, ii n = 87, iii n = 72) at a pig fattening farm to determine the prevalence and the degree of antibiotic resistance of enterobacteriaceae as well as the antibiotic susceptibility of the strains isolated. despite the absence of mass medication during the observation period, the prevalence of resistance to the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine was high (range amoxicillin ...	1993	8122351
synthesis of mammalian prolylendopeptidase in escherichia coli and analysis of the recombinant protein.	prolylendopeptidase is a cytoplasmic serine proteinase which hydrolyses peptide bonds at the c-terminal side of prolines. here, the expression in escherichia coli of the cdna coding for the enzyme from porcine brain is reported. furthermore, the purification of active prolylendopeptidase from the extract of recombinant bacterial cells is described. the large amounts of protein obtained were used to gain insight in the substrate specificity of recombinant prolylendopeptidase, by using internally ...	1993	8318538
detection of passage and absorption of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescent antibody testing.	chicken egg yolk igg can be absorbed and transferred as efficiently as colostral antibodies in the blood of neonatal pigs. egg yolk igg has a half-life of 1.85 days in newborn pig serum. this is shorter than the reported half-life (12 to 14 days) of homologous igg in serum of pigs. similar to colostral antibodies, egg yolk igg absorption from intestine ceased at about 34 hours of age, after a logarithmic decrease in absorption rate from birth. egg yolk igg absorption inhibition time in the gastr ...	1993	8323054
experimental infection of neonatal pigs with cnf toxin-producing strains of escherichia coli.	to examine and compare the pathogenicity of cytotoxic necrotising factor (cnf)-producing escherichia coli, two litters of piglets were infected orally with 10(10) e coli o88 or 10(10) e coli o32 strains. of the six piglets infected with e coli o88, two died within 24 hours and three developed blood-stained diarrhoea. the other piglets were killed one, five, six and eight days after infection, when bacterial cultures indicated an overwhelming bacteraemic infection with e coli o88 in the early sta ...	1993	8337478
characterization of two dna probes specific for serpulina hyodysenteriae.	two dna probes, one 1.1- and one 0.75-kb probe, specific for serpulina hyodysenteriae were isolated from a genomic library generated from virulent s. hyodysenteriae 5380. these probes are highly specific and react with all s. hyodysenteriae strains tested. under stringent conditions, the dna probes did not react with the nonpathogenic species serpulina innocens or with other species of enteric bacteria, including escherichia coli. both probes are able to detect s. hyodysenteriae in colony blot h ...	1993	8349750
the major iron-containing protein of legionella pneumophila is an aconitase homologous with the human iron-responsive element-binding protein.	legionella pneumophila has high iron requirements, and its intracellular growth in human monocytes is dependent on the availability of intracellular iron. to learn more about iron metabolism in l. pneumophila, we have undertaken an analysis of the iron proteins of the bacterium. we first developed an assay to identify proteins by 59fe labelling and nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the assay revealed seven iron proteins (ips) with apparent molecular weights of 500, 450, 250, 210, ...	1993	8366052
copper-resistant enteric bacteria from united kingdom and australian piggeries.	thirty-three enteric isolates from australian (escherichia coli only) and united kingdom (u.k.) (salmonella sp., citrobacter spp., and e. coli) piggeries were characterized with respect to their copper resistance. the copper resistance phenotypes of four new australian e. coli isolates were comparable with that of the previously studied e. coli k-12 strain ed8739(prj1004), in that the resistance level in rich media was high (up to 18 mm cuso4) and resistance was inducible. copper resistance was ...	1993	8368840
isolation of three antibacterial peptides from pig intestine: gastric inhibitory polypeptide (7-42), diazepam-binding inhibitor (32-86) and a novel factor, peptide 3910.	two antibacterial peptides, cecropin p1 and pr-39 (39-residue proline/arginine-rich peptide), from the upper part of pig small intestine have previously been isolated and characterized. we have now continued our search for antibacterial peptides in different side fractions generated during the isolation of intestinal hormones. starting from one such fraction and monitoring activity against bacillus megaterium, we isolated three homogeneous peptides by three consecutive chromatographic steps. ami ...	1993	8375398
pore-forming bacterial toxins potently induce release of nitric oxide in porcine endothelial cells.	nitric oxide (no) is believed to play an important role in sepsis-related hypotension. we examined the effects of two pore-forming bacterial exotoxins, escherichia coli hemolysin and staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin, on no formation in cultured porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. no was quantified using a difference-spectrophotometric method based on the rapid and stoichiometric reaction of no with oxyhemoglobin. endothelial cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels were also monitored. bot ...	1993	8391061
transposon mutagenesis in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae with a tn10 derivative.	a transposon mutagenesis procedure functional in the gram-negative swine pathogen actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was developed for the first time. the technique involved the use of a suicide conjugative plasmid, plof/km, carrying a mini-tn10 with an isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (iptg)-inducible transposase located outside the mobile element (m. herrero, v. de lorenzo, and k. n. timmis, j. bacteriol. 172:6557-6567, 1990). the plasmid was mobilized from escherichia coli to a. pleuropneu ...	1993	8396122
prevalence and some properties of verotoxin (shiga-like toxin)-producing escherichia coli in seven different species of healthy domestic animals.	fecal samples from 720 healthy, domestic animals representing seven different species (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, dogs, and cats) were investigated for verotoxin (vt [shiga-like toxin])-producing escherichia coli (vtec). vtec were isolated from 208 animals (28.9%), most frequently from sheep (66.6% vtec carriers), goats (56.1%), and cattle (21.1%). vtec were isolated less frequently from pigs (7.5%), cats (13.8%), and dogs (4.8%) and were not found in chickens (< 0.7%). forty-one diff ...	1993	8408571
high-level expression in escherichia coli of the gene coding for the major structural protein (p72) of african swine fever virus.	the gene encoding the major structural protein (p72) of african swine fever virus (asfv) has been expressed in escherichia coli using a t7 rna polymerase system. the use of a recombinant plasmid which contains the entire gene inserted between the t7 promoter and the transcription terminator of the expression vector allowed us to obtain a high expression level of the intact viral protein. this polypeptide, which appears in the insoluble fraction of the bacterial extracts, showed an intense reacti ...	1993	8428668
african swine fever virus encodes a dna ligase.	sequencing of the ecori n' fragment of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein similar to atp-dependent dna ligases. when the gene encoding this protein was expressed in escherichia coli, a protein of the expected molecular mass was labeled in bacterial extracts upon incubation with [alpha-32p]atp. the recombinant protein comigrated in sds-page with the putative viral dna ligase detected in extracts of infected cells. we demonstrate that the recombi ...	1993	8438592
inhibition of adhesion of escherichia coli k88 to piglet ileal mucus by lactobacillus spp.	enteropathogenic escherichia coli k88 colonizing the piglet ileum adhere to the mucosa by k88 fimbrial appendages. a recent study in our laboratory has implicated indigenous lactobacilli in the suppression of the colonization potential of enteropathogenic e. coli as measured by adhesion to ileal mucus. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactobacillus spp. of porcine origin on the adhesion of k88 fimbriae of e. coli. with an in vitro assay, the adhesion of e. coli k88ab strain ...	1993	8439162
trimethoprim resistance arising in animal bacteria and transferring into human pathogens.		1993	8440954
expression in escherichia coli of the cloned flavin-containing monooxygenase from pig liver.	the amino acid sequence of pig liver flavin-containing monooxygenase (pglfmo) was determined by nucleotide analysis of cdna clones isolated using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. most of the clones isolated were missing the 5'-noncoding region and the first seven codons including the putative initiation codon atg. a full-length cdna clone, pglfmo1, was obtained by extending the 5'-end sequence to include an atg initiation codon and the codons corresponding to the 5'-end using the polymerase cha ...	1993	8444881
[the role of bacterial adhesion in urinary tract infections].	bacteria adhere to and colonize almost any surface. the mechanism by which bacteria interact with the mucosal surface appears to involve specific molecular ligands or adhesins on the surface of the bacteria that interlock with specific receptor molecules on the surface to be colonized. material adhesion allows the microorganisms to resist being washed away by the fluids and secretions that bathe mucosal surfaces and is a necessary prerequisite to growth, colonization, and subsequent infection. m ...	1993	8447048
further characterization of pasteurella haemolytica-like bacteria isolated from swine enteritis.	dna-dna hybridization studies were conducted on six pasteurella haemolytica-like (phl) organisms recovered from cases of swine enteritis. chromosomal-enriched fractions of phl organisms served as the source of dna for southern blots or as whole-chromosomal dna probes. under stringent hybridization conditions, chromosomal dna probes of a prototype phl (strain 6213a) organism distinguished other phl organisms from pasteurella haemolytica types a1 and t3, pasteurella multiocida types a:1 and a:3, e ...	1993	8460470
toxicity of bordetella avium beta-cystathionase toward mc3t3-e1 osteogenic cells.	bordetella avium is the etiological agent of an upper respiratory disease in birds which, symptomatically and pathologically, resembles bordetellosis in humans. studies of the virulence of this organism revealed a novel cytotoxic protein, designated osteotoxin, that was lethal for mc3t3-e1 osteogenic cells, fetal bovine trabecular cells, umr106-01(bsp) rat osteosarcoma cells, and embryonic bovine tracheal cells. the osteotoxin lacked dermonecrotic toxin activity, exhibited no cross-reactivity wi ...	1993	8463265
a review and update on adult syphilis, with particular reference to its treatment.	syphilis has become less common in europe in the last decade, but has once again become a major problem in the usa, and remains so in many developing countries. several treponemal genes have now been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, allowing study of treponemal proteins. the importance of cell mediated immunity in syphilis has been demonstrated in animal models. a diagnosis of syphilis is usually confirmed by dark-field microscopy or serological tests. seroconversion may be delayed in h ...	1993	8476969
the synergistic effect of trauma and infection on interleukin-1 but not tumor necrosis factor liberation during posttraumatic gram-negative septicemia.	the release profiles of interleukin 1 (il-1) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) were studied during experimental escherichia coli septicemia and peritonitis with and without a preceding (-48 h) moderate trauma (femur marrow nailing). the trauma alone did not induce significant il-1 or tnf liberation to plasma. during septicemia, a rapid il-1-rise (+30 min) and subsequent normalization (+120 min) was seen. a previous trauma delayed (30 min), but accentuated (2x) and prolonged (> 4 h) the il-1 respon ...	1993	8482300
sequence of the streptomyces thermoviolaceus cub74 alpha-amylase-encoding gene and its transcription analysis in streptomyces lividans.	the alpha-amylase (amy)-encoding gene (amy) of streptomyces thermoviolaceus cub74, previously cloned in escherichia coli and s. lividans and localised on a 1.7-kb bamhi-sphi genomic dna fragment, has been sequenced. a single open reading frame of 1380 bp, which could encode an amy protein of 460 amino acids (aa), was identified. the deduced aa sequence of the thermophilic amy is similar (up to 69.5%) to the mesophilic amy of s. griseus, s. limosus, s. venezuelae and s. hygroscopicus. a 40% seque ...	1993	8486279
structure and expression in e. coli of the gene coding for protein p10 of african swine fever virus.	the gene encoding protein p10, a structural protein of african swine fever (asf) virus, has been mapped, sequenced and expressed in e. coli. protein p10 was purified from dissociated virus by reverse-phase hplc, and its nh2-terminal end identified by automated edman degradation. to map the gene encoding protein p10, a mixture of 20-mer oligonucleotides based upon a part of the amino acid sequence was hybridized to cloned asf virus restriction fragments. this allowed the localization of the gene ...	1993	8503790
adjuvant activity of the escherichia coli wf table l-form cytoplasmic membranes.	it was established that the stable e. coli wf+ l-form cytoplasmic membranes (cm) increase the antibody response in rabbit during experimental hyperimmunization with cells of streptococcus pyogenes a49 and proteus mirabilis d52. using the skin-induration test and the reaction for aggregation of macrophages in presence of homologous antigens it was established that cm increase the cell-mediated immunity of guinea-pigs to protein antigens of the same bacterial strains.	1993	8511999
genetic analysis of escherichia coli from porcine postweaning diarrhoea.	a total of 79 australian isolates of beta-haemolytic escherichia coli from cases of porcine postweaning diarrhoea (pwd), and 18 isolates of serotype o 149:k91:k88 (f4) from unweaned pigs from australia, indonesia and denmark, were examined by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. these were divided into 57 electrophoretic types (ets), with an overall mean genetic diversity per enzyme locus of 0.466. this value closely resembled that previously recorded for the whole species. not only was the collec ...	1993	8519322
[the nutritive effect of bacillus cereus as a probiotic in the raising of piglets. 2. effect and microbial count, composition and resistance determination of gastrointestinal and fecal microflora].	after a feeding trial of 42 days with 4 x 12 piglets 4 x 6 piglets were slaughtered and the influence of spores of the bacillus cereus strain fh 1457 s added to the feed on the microorganism counts of lactobacillus/bifidobacterium, eubacteria, bacteroidaceae, e. coli, enterococcus and passants (bacillus cereus) in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon was investigated. beside a negative control the feed was supplemented with 10(7), 10(8) and 10(9) cfu bacillus cereus/kg. the feeding trial i ...	1993	8215895
polyclonal antibody generation in rabbit by administration of an organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (opaa) from squid.	when a nerve gas hydrolyzing enzyme [organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (opaa), formerly dfpase] purified from squid hepatopancreas was injected into rabbits, the resulting sera (ras) inhibited opaa purified from either squid hepatopancreas or squid optic ganglia. the inhibition was non-competitive, with 50% inhibition at a 1:1,000 serum dilution, and with the limit of inhibition (in effect, a "titer") at approximately 1:10,000. this ras did not inhibit the distinctly different opaas from a mamma ...	1993	8216373
escherichia coli producing cnf1 and cnf2 cytotoxins in animals with different disorders.	two dna probes were used for the detection of cnf1- and cnf2-positive e coli strains in a collection of 553 e coli isolates from cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, dogs, cats and poultry. cnf-positive e coli were frequently associated with septicaemia in cattle, dogs, and cats, with diarrhoea in calves, cats and dogs, and with abortion in bovine and porcine species. cnf2-positive strains were observed among adult healthy cattle. they were also found in cases of pneumonia, metritis, mastitis in ...	1993	8220498
gene sequence, cdna construction, expression in escherichia coli and genetically approached purification of porcine interleukin-1 beta.	a genomic clone (pil3) covering the 8.8-kb prointerleukin-1 beta ('catabolin') gene of the domesticated swine (sus scrofa domestica) was isolated from a genomic library and characterized by nucleotide sequencing. typical features of the gene include a seven-exon structure, with the highest degree of nucleotide and amino acid conservation among human and porcine genes being found in the receptor-binding portion encoded by exons six and seven. three 250-bp repetitive elements with a > 75% similari ...	1993	8223584
ependymal cells of the choroid plexus express tumour necrosis factor-alpha.	tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) is a major proinflammatory cytokine which appears in the cerebrospinal fluid very early after endotoxin challenge, and is likely to be produced locally. following in vivo and in vitro challenge with endotoxin, we have demonstrated immunocytochemically and by in situ hybridization that pig and guinea-pig choroid plexus ependymal cells can produce tnf alpha. immuno-electron microscopy shows that this protein is localized within ependymal cells to the cytopl ...	1993	8232752
characterisation of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from pigs and cattle in northern italy.		1993	8236671
mapping and sequence of the gene encoding the african swine fever virion protein of m(r) 11500.	the gene encoding the african swine fever virus protein of m(r) 11,500, present in the virus particle, has been mapped and sequenced in the genome of the vero cell-adapted virus strain ba71v. a serum raised against virion proteins of m(r) 12,000 to 13,000 isolated from polyacrylamide gels was used to screen a plasmid expression library, containing viral dna random fragments, that expresses viral polypeptides fused to beta-galactosidase. using this method, we have identified and sequenced the ope ...	1993	8245848
a cdna derived from pig bone marrow cells predicts a sequence identical to the intestinal antibacterial peptide pr-39.	we have recently shown that a group of antimicrobial peptides of bovine neutrophils share highly identical pro-sequences. in this paper we report the cdna sequence of a 172 amino acid residue pig myeloid protein showing a similar pro-sequence of 101 residues. the carboxyl-moiety of the predicted protein is identical to the mature form of the proline- and arginine-rich antibacterial peptide named pr-39, isolated from pig intestine.	1993	8250863
sequence studies on pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes.	the amino acid sequences of two pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes, namely glutamate decarboxylase and 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, were solved by a combination of direct protein sequencing and cdna sequencing. in the case of glutamate decarboxylase from escherichia coli, correct ordering of three internal peptides was achieved by sequencing a fragment of dna generated by pcr. in the case of 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase from pig liver, chemical studies on the reaction of the enzyme w ...	1993	8251112
site-specific mutagenesis of the metal binding sites of porcine fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase.	mutations in the metal binding sites of porcine fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were carried out by site-specific mutagenesis based on the crystal structure of the enzyme. the mutant and wild-type enzymes have been characterized by circular dichroism spectrometry and initial-rate kinetics. one of the mutant forms of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (glu280gln) is associated with a single metal site, whereas two other mutants (glu97gln and asp118asn) ligate two metal ions. the mutant enzymes exhibit very ...	1993	8274021
bacterial factors in the formation of renal scars. an experimental study on the role of escherichia coli p-fimbriation and hydrophobicity.	a model capable of comparing the effects of bacterial virulence factors on renal scarring in vivo has been developed using the female piglet. by creating, at open surgery, unilateral vesicoureteric reflux (vur) and quantifying scarring both by uptake of an isotope bound to functioning renal parenchyma and by planimetry of the surface area scarred, the effects of 2 organisms, a p-fimbriate escherichia coli and an e. coli k1 have been compared. the p-fimbriate e. coli was shown to express p-fimbri ...	1993	10071534
transfer of multiple drug resistance plasmids between bacteria of diverse origins in natural microenvironments.	plasmids harboring multiple antimicrobial-resistance determinants (r plasmids) were transferred in simulated natural microenvironments from various bacterial pathogens of human, animal, or fish origin to susceptible strains isolated from a different ecological niche. r plasmids in a strain of the human pathogen vibrio cholerae o1 e1 tor and a bovine escherichia coli strain were conjugated to a susceptible strain of the fish pathogenic bacterium aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in marine ...	1994	11865872
active site mutants of escherichia coli citrate synthase. effects of mutations on catalytic and allosteric properties.	we report properties of five active site mutants of escherichia coli citrate synthase, in which histidine 264, aspartate 362, and phenylalanine 383 were replaced by alanines, and arginines 387 and 407 by leucines. all mutants have much lower turnover numbers than wild type enzyme; the strongest effect was with the arginine 387 mutant, perhaps because the substrate, oxaloacetate, binds in a different orientation. the arginine 407 mutant has lost most of its ability to distinguish alpha-ketoglutar ...	1994	8276829
site-directed mutagenesis studies on the iron-binding domain and the determinant for the substrate oxygenation site of porcine leukocyte arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase.	cdna for arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase of porcine leukocytes was expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant 12-lipoxygenase was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography to near homogeneity with a specific activity of about 1.5 mumol/min per mg protein. each of eight histidine residues, which were well-conserved among various mammalian lipoxygenases and presumed as ligands for non-heme iron, was substituted with leucine by site-directed mutagenesis. each mutant enzyme was immunoaffinity-purif ...	1994	8305485
effects of atmospheric ammonia on pulmonary hemodynamics and vascular permeability in pigs: interaction with endotoxins.	the influence of atmospheric ammonia on the somatic growth, the plasma cortisol and ammonia concentrations, and cell blood counts was investigated in pigs exposed to four concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100 ppm) for 6 days in a specifically designed air-pollutants exposure chamber. the effects of this gas on pulmonary vascular hemodynamics and permeability and on the endotoxin-induced vascular response were also assessed using an isolated perfused lung preparation. the total pulmonary blood flow ...	1994	8128491
selective regulation of chemotactic lymphokine production by monocytes and macrophage cell line cells.	effects of lipopolysaccharides (lps) on the production of chemotactic lymphokines for eosinophils and monocytes (ecf and mcf) from antigen- or mitogen-stimulated t cells were examined. supernatants from monocytes stimulated with various lps regulated concanavalin a (con a)- and purified protein derivative (ppd)-induced ecf or mcf production. the regulation varied with lps used for monocyte stimulation. the supernatant from monocytes stimulated with lps from escherichia coli, j-5 strain, selectiv ...	1994	8155994
inhibition of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli by the microflora of the porcine ileum, in an in vitro semicontinuous culture system.	an. in vitro fermentation system capable of maintaining at least part of the microbial population of the contents of the porcine ileum has been developed. the system was tested over the ph range 6.0-8.5, anaerobically and at dissolved oxygen concentrations within the ranges detected in the ileum of piglets at weaning (50 and 100 mumol l-1). the results demonstrated that changes in ph and dissolved oxygen within these ranges had relatively little effect on the total numbers of aerobic and anaerob ...	1994	8157548
antibacterial activity, antibiotic retention, and infection resistance of a rifampin-impregnated gelatin-sealed dacron graft.	a gelatin-sealed porous dacron graft impregnated with rifampin was evaluated in a two-part study of its use in preventing prosthetic infection.	1994	8164283
selective isolation from hela cell lines of yersinia pseudotuberculosis, pathogenic y. enterocolitica and enteroinvasive escherichia coli.	using hela cell lines, we obtained an optimal and selective isolation of yersinia pseudotuberculosis, pathogenic y. enterocolitica and enteroinvasive escherichia coli from samples such as pork, feces and river water heavily contaminated with other bacteria.	1994	8167427
conformational changes in proteins induced by dynamic associations. a tryptophan phosphorescence study.	random collisions between macromolecules lead to dynamic associations (lengthy encounters) that in principle could affect their conformation and, in the case of enzymes, their binding and catalytic properties. exploiting the unique sensitivity of the phosphorescence lifetime, tau, of trp to the internal flexibility of globular proteins we probed the perturbations induced in the structure of the coenzyme-binding domain of alcohol dehydrogenase (ladh) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( ...	1994	8168551
bacterial translocation in mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury: is dysfunctional motility the link?	the authors previously reported that mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion (i/r) in a chronic newborn piglet model creates dysfunctional intestinal motility. whether this leads to inadequate bacterial clearance and translocation (bt) through the gastrointestinal tract remains unclear. to test this hypothesis the authors used their chronic piglet model (weight, 3.5 +/- 0.3 kg; age, 18 +/- 4 days; on formula feeding); nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia was induced via reversible pericardial tamponade. ...	1994	8176606
initial kinetic and mechanistic characterization of escherichia coli fumarase a.	the protein encoded by the fuma gene in escherichia coli is shown herein to be a highly efficient and specific catalyst of the fumarase reaction. in an investigation of 21 substrate analogs, this protein only had substantial activity as a hydro-lyase on fumarate, malate, acetylene dicarboxylate, fluorofumarate, and 2(s),3(s)-tartrate. the kcat and kcat/km for the hydration of fumarate by this protein are 3100 s-1 and 5 x 10(6) mol-1 s-1, respectively. it is likely that one physiological role of ...	1994	8203917
preparation of the extracellular domain of the rabbit prolactin receptor expressed in escherichia coli and its interaction with lactogenic hormones.	the cdna of the extracellular domain of the rabbit prolactin receptor (rbprlr-ecd) was cloned in the prokaryotic expression vector ptrc99a to enable its expression in escherichia coli after induction with isopropyl-1-thio-beta-d-galactopyranoside. the bacterially expressed rbprlr-ecd protein, contained within the refractile body pellet, was solubilized in 4.5 m urea, refolded, and purified on a q-sepharose column by stepwise elution with nacl. the bioactive monomeric fraction was eluted in 0.05 ...	1994	8106371
expression and plasmid transfer of genes coding for the fimbrial antigen f107 in porcine escherichia coli strains.	expression of the fimbrial antigen f107 of porcine e. coli strains on agar plates was achieved by microaerobic cultivation. for part of the strains of some types, addition of alizarin yellow and eosin to the agar medium proved to be necessary. some of these strains reacted distinctly positive only when the small colonies growing between the larger ones on alizarin-yellow agar were tested. the fimbrial antigen of the swiss strain 107/86 was provisionally designated the f107ab variant and that of ...	1994	7858341
a simple method for determination of stereospecificity of aminotransferases for c-4' hydrogen transfer of the coenzyme.	a simple method was established for determination of the stereospecificity of c-4' hydrogen transfer of the coenzymes (pyridoxal and pyridoxamine). the method is based on the findings that aspartate aminotransferase of pig heart and d-amino acid aminotransferase of bacillus sp. ym-1 catalyze the abstraction of the pro-s and pro-r proton at c-4' of pyridoxamine, respectively. pyridoxal is a poor coenzyme, but readily released from the enzyme. it reacts in 3h2o with a substrate amino acid and an a ...	1994	7858965
prevalence of aerobic bacteria in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from healthy pigs.	fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in pigs to assess bacterial contamination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (balf) obtained by use of the method and to determine the aerobic bacterial species in bronchoalveolar airways of healthy pigs. bacterial contamination of balf caused by insertion of the bronchoscope was evaluated, using a chromogenic bacterial tracer strain, and was found to be 0.22% of total colony-forming units (cfu), with range between 0 and 1.6%. a total of 164 pulmonary-healthy ...	1994	7887513
hypothermia and infection.		1994	8023656
cellular specificity of murine renal c3 expression in two models of inflammation.	the expression of the complement protein c3 in extrahepatic tissues is highly regulated during the course of inflammation. hence, systemic acute phase stimuli such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) and autoimmune nephritis in aged 'lupus mice' (mrl-lpr/lpr and nzb x nzw f1) both lead to increased c3 mrna expression in whole kidney. in situ hybridization was used to determine the intrarenal cell type(s) capable of constitutive and regulated c3 mrna expression. normal mice injected with escher ...	1994	8039815
gut failure and translocation following burn and sepsis.	sepsis with multisystem organ failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in burns. we studied the anatomic, physiologic, and metabolic changes of gut mucosa as a normal barrier against sepsis and systemic inflammatory response after burn and sepsis in the chronic porcine model. flow probes were placed on the mesenteric and hepatic arteries and portal vein. catheters were placed in the pulmonary artery (swan-ganz), aorta, superior mesenteric, and hepatic veins. after 5 days, baseline dat ...	1994	8041138
thromboxane synthetase inhibition and thromboxane receptor blockade preserve pulmonary and circulatory function in a porcine burn sepsis model.	thromboxane a2 (txa2) is a key mediator in the pathophysiology of severe burns and sepsis. this study was performed to assess the potential benefits of txa2 synthetase inhibition and txa2 receptor blockade in sepsis after severe thermal injury.	1994	8044389
effect of inhaled nitric oxide on pulmonary function after sepsis in a swine model.	inhaled nitric oxide (no) has been shown to improve sepsis induced pulmonary dysfunction. this study evaluated the mechanism by which inhaled no improves pulmonary function in a porcine sepsis model.	1994	8047999
clonal relationships among escherichia coli serogroup o78 isolates from human and animal infections.	we investigated the clonal relationships among 63 escherichia coli strains of antigen serogroup o78 isolated from infections in humans, cattle, sheep, pigs, and chickens. both septicemic and enterotoxigenic isolates were included in the study. a main group of 55 e. coli strains consisting of 52 septicemic isolates and 3 human enterotoxigenic e. coli isolates were clustered in related clones. the remaining eight strains, four human and four animal isolates, were clonally heterogeneous. the main g ...	1994	8051245
evidence that escherichia coli isolated from the intestine of healthy pigs hybridize with lt-ii, st-ib and slt-ii dna probes.	a dna probe specific for genes coding for the heat-labile toxin type ii (lt-ii), heat-stable toxin type ib (st-ib) and shiga-like toxin type ii (slt-ii), were used to examine 118 fecal escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy pigs. fifty-six (47.4%) of the isolated were hybridized with the lt-ii probe. thirty-nine strains (33%) possessed st-ib genes and five of the 118 isolates (4.2%) showed homology with the slt-ii dna probe. e. coli that possessed unusual toxin genes for pigs were isolat ...	1994	8057829
effects of weaning and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli on net absorption in the small intestine of pigs.	the purpose of this study was to measure the net absorption of fluid, sodium, potassium and chloride in the small intestine of weaned pigs and of their unweaned littermates and to correlate these values with villus height and crypt depth. five pairs of segments of the small intestine were prepared in each of 80 pigs; the cranial segment of each pair was injected with an enterotoxigenic strain of escherichia coli and the caudal segment with a control solution. net absorption was measured on the d ...	1994	8073191
two-year study of endemic enteric pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in new caledonia.	a longitudinal study of diarrheal disease among patients of all ages with acute diarrhea was carried out in new caledonia from january 1990 to december 1991. stool samples from 2,088 diarrheal patients were examined for parasites, rotavirus, and bacterial pathogens. potential sources of contamination (drinking water, seawater and bovine and porcine feces) were investigated. one or more enteric pathogens were identified in 41.8 and 40.6% of the persons with diarrhea, in 1990 and 1991, respectivel ...	1994	8077399
cdna cloning and chromosome mapping of human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, an enzyme associated with 5-fluorouracil toxicity and congenital thymine uraciluria.	the pig and human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (dpd) cdnas were cloned and sequenced. the pig enzyme, expressed in escherichia coli, catalyzed the reduction of uracil, thymine, and 5-fluorouracil with kinetics approximating those published for the enzyme purified from mammalian liver. dpd could be expressed in significant quantities only when uracil was added to the bacterial growth medium. the pig and human enzymes contained 1025 amino acids and calculated m(r) = 111,416 and 111,398, respect ...	1994	8083224
[detection of verotoxin-producing e. coli in field isolates from domestic and agricultural animals in sachsen-anhalt].	a report is given on the detection of verotoxin-producing e. coli (vtec) strains from field isolates of healthy or ill cattle (n = 141), pigs (n = 306), sheep (n = 15), cats (n = 29) and dogs (n = 25) in the region of the new federal land sachsen-anhalt. 5% of the strains isolated from cattle, 32% from pigs, 20% from sheep, 4% from dogs and 0% from cats have shown vtec. the e. coli-strains were checked for the presence of other factors of virulence, too. a good correlation (82%) was found betwee ...	1994	7802620
[study on preserving intestinal function and the possible mechanism of hypermetabolic response following severe burn injury].	in order to approach the mechanism of hypermetabolic response following severe burn injury, a new animal model was developed with a specially bred miniswine (guizhou species). multiple catheterizations were applied for sampling different blood from portal, inferior mesenteric as will as jugular (central) veins. the animals were sustained with 30% iii burn of tb-sa and divided randomly into early feeding group, given a complete diet beginning from 2 hours postburn (n = 6), and delayed feeding gro ...	1994	7842987
construction of plasmids useful for production of the b subunit of cholera toxin from vibrio cholerae or a heat-labile enterotoxin from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli.	a simple method to construct the plasmids producing the b subunit of porcine or human heatlabile enterotoxin or cholera toxin was developed, and the b subunits produced by the resulting plasmids were purified. the gene of ltp from pewd 299 was ligated to phsg 396 or pbluescript sk(+)-1 and the vector carrying one xbal and ecor1 site in the ltp-a gene was constructed. the xbal-ecor1 fragment of ltp-a gene was exchanged for the multicloning site of phsg 396 containing xbal, bamh1, cla 1, kpn1, sac ...	1994	7843342
generation of a stable folding intermediate which can be rescued by the chaperonins groel and groes.	pig heart mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase was chemically denatured in guanidine hcl. upon 50-fold dilution of the denaturant spontaneous refolding could be observed in the temperature range 12-32 degrees c. at 36 degrees c spontaneous refolding was not observed but a stable folding intermediate that is fairly resistant to aggregation was formed. this intermediate is readily refolded by the chaperonins groel and groes and may prove useful in future attempts to describe several aspects of chape ...	1994	7906229
influence on proline-specific enzymes of a substrate containing the thioxoaminoacyl-prolyl peptide bond.	dipeptidyl peptidase iv from porcine kidney and aminopeptidase p from escherichia coli can utilize thioxoalanyl-proline 4-nitroanilide but with decreased kinetic constants compared to the normal substrates. product analysis showed that exclusively thioxoalanyl-proline was liberated in the case of dipeptidyl peptidase iv catalysis and thioxo-alanine in the case of aminopeptidase-p-mediated thioxo peptide bond hydrolysis. for the proline-specific aminopeptidase p the kcat/km value for the thioxo p ...	1994	7909521
active deglycosylated mammalian gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.	gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, a highly glycosylated heterodimeric enzyme that is usually attached to the external surface of cell membranes, is of major importance in the metabolism of glutathione. the enzyme, which has been isolated from many animal sources, contains a large amount of carbohydrate, which is linked to both protein subunits. previous work has not shown whether such carbohydrate is needed for enzyme activity nor indicated its functional role. notably, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidas ...	1994	7911768