Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-γ signaling promotes campylobacter jejuni-induced colitis through neutrophil recruitment in mice. | crypt abscesses caused by excessive neutrophil accumulation are prominent features of human campylobacteriosis and its associated pathology. the molecular and cellular events responsible for this pathological situation are currently unknown. we investigated the contribution of pi3k-γ signaling in campylobacter jejuni-induced neutrophil accumulation and intestinal inflammation. germ-free and specific pathogen-free il10(-/-) and germ-free il10(-/-);rag2(-/-) mice were infected with c. jejuni (10(9 ... | 2012 | 23180818 |
| multidrug efflux systems in helicobacter cinaedi. | helicobacter cinaedi causes infections, such as bacteremia, diarrhea and cellulitis in mainly immunocompromised patients. this pathogen is often problematic to analyze, and insufficient information is available, because it grows slowly and poorly in subculture under a microaerobic atmosphere. the first-choice therapy to eradicate h. cinaedi is antimicrobial chemotherapy; however, its use is linked to the development of resistance. although we need to understand the antimicrobial resistance mecha ... | 2012 | 27029418 |
| an unusual case of parinaud's syndrome. | a 25-year-old man presented with blurred vision, headache and dizziness. on questioning, there was also a history of a preceding diarrhoeal illness. initial investigations were normal. however, after a week, he represented with a parinaud's syndrome. in view of the preceding diarrhoea, the transient unsteadiness and the areflexia on examination, anti-gq1b antibodies were requested. the resulting titre was positive confirming the suspected diagnosis of miller fisher syndrome. he responded to intr ... | 2012 | 23175005 |
| graphalignment: bayesian pairwise alignment of biological networks. | with increased experimental availability and accuracy of bio-molecular networks, tools for their comparative and evolutionary analysis are needed. a key component for such studies is the alignment of networks. | 2012 | 23171476 |
| crystal structures of the helicobacter pylori mtan enzyme reveal specific interactions between s-adenosylhomocysteine and the 5'-alkylthio binding subsite. | the bacterial 5'-methylthioadenosine/s-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (mtan) enzyme is a multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the n-ribosidic bond of at least four different adenosine-based metabolites: s-adenosylhomocysteine (sah), 5'-methylthioadenosine (mta), 5'-deoxyadenosine (5'-doa), and 6-amino-6-deoxyfutalosine. these activities place the enzyme at the hub of seven fundamental bacterial metabolic pathways: s-adenosylmethionine (sam) utilization, polyamine biosynthes ... | 2012 | 23148563 |
| effects of the campylobacter jejuni cjie1 prophage homologs on adherence and invasion in culture, patient symptoms, and source of infection. | prophages of enteric bacteria are frequently of key importance for the biology, virulence, or host adaptation of their host. some c. jejuni isolates carry homologs of the cjie1 (cmlp 1) prophage that carry cargo genes potentially involved in virulence. possible role(s) of cjie1 homologs in the biology and virulence of c. jejuni were therefore investigated by using in vitro cell culture assays and by assessing the association of c. jejuni isolates with and without these prophages with patients' s ... | 2012 | 23167543 |
| the evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection. | the human gut harbours a large and genetically diverse population of symbiotic microbes that both feed and protect the host. evolutionary theory, however, predicts that such genetic diversity can destabilise mutualistic partnerships. how then can the mutualism of the human microbiota be explained? here we develop an individual-based model of host-associated microbial communities. we first demonstrate the fundamental problem faced by a host: the presence of a genetically diverse microbiota leads ... | 2012 | 23185130 |
| health-promoting properties of lactobacillus helveticus. | lactobacillus helveticus is an important industrial thermophilic starter that is predominantly employed in the fermentation of milk for the manufacture of several cheeses. in addition to its technological importance, a growing body of scientific evidence shows that strains belonging to the l. helveticus species have health-promoting properties. in this review, we synthesize the results of numerous primary literature papers concerning the ability of l. helveticus strains to positively influence h ... | 2012 | 23181058 |
| identification of an atypical zinc metalloproteinase, zmpc, from an epidemic conjunctivitis-causing strain of streptococcus pneumoniae. | streptococcus pneumoniae is a pathogen associated with a range of invasive and noninvasive infections. despite the identification of the majority of virulence factors expressed by s. pneumoniae, knowledge of the strategies used by this bacterium to trigger infections, especially those originating at wet-surfaced epithelia, remains limited. in this regard, we recently reported a mechanism used by a nonencapsulated, epidemic conjunctivitis-causing strain of s. pneumoniae (strain sp168) to gain acc ... | 2012 | 23168398 |
| identification of an atypical zinc metalloproteinase, zmpc, from an epidemic conjunctivitis-causing strain of streptococcus pneumoniae. | streptococcus pneumoniae is a pathogen associated with a range of invasive and noninvasive infections. despite the identification of the majority of virulence factors expressed by s. pneumoniae, knowledge of the strategies used by this bacterium to trigger infections, especially those originating at wet-surfaced epithelia, remains limited. in this regard, we recently reported a mechanism used by a nonencapsulated, epidemic conjunctivitis-causing strain of s. pneumoniae (strain sp168) to gain acc ... | 2012 | 23168398 |
| metabolic adaptation and protein complexes in prokaryotes. | protein complexes are classified and have been charted in several large-scale screening studies in prokaryotes. these complexes are organized in a factory-like fashion to optimize protein production and metabolism. central components are conserved between different prokaryotes; major complexes involve carbohydrate, amino acid, fatty acid and nucleotide metabolism. metabolic adaptation changes protein complexes according to environmental conditions. protein modification depends on specific modify ... | 2012 | 24957769 |
| capillary electrophoresis with three-color fluorescence detection for the analysis of glycosphingolipid metabolism. | a capillary electrophoresis system with an ultrasensitive three-color laser-induced fluorescence detector was constructed for the simultaneous measurement of glycosphingolipids conjugated with a family of bodipy fluorophores. the compounds were separated by capillary electrophoresis and detected by laser-induced fluorescence excited within a sheath-flow cuvette. diode-pumped solid-state lasers operating at 473 nm and 532 nm, and a diode laser operating at 633 nm were used to excite glycosphingol ... | 2012 | 23154386 |
| capillary electrophoresis with three-color fluorescence detection for the analysis of glycosphingolipid metabolism. | a capillary electrophoresis system with an ultrasensitive three-color laser-induced fluorescence detector was constructed for the simultaneous measurement of glycosphingolipids conjugated with a family of bodipy fluorophores. the compounds were separated by capillary electrophoresis and detected by laser-induced fluorescence excited within a sheath-flow cuvette. diode-pumped solid-state lasers operating at 473 nm and 532 nm, and a diode laser operating at 633 nm were used to excite glycosphingol ... | 2012 | 23154386 |
| interactions between parasites and microbial communities in the human gut. | the interactions between intestinal microbiota, immune system, and pathogens describe the human gut as a complex ecosystem, where all components play a relevant role in modulating each other and in the maintenance of homeostasis. the balance among the gut microbiota and the human body appear to be crucial for health maintenance. intestinal parasites, both protozoans and helminths, interact with the microbial community modifying the balance between host and commensal microbiota. on the other hand ... | 2012 | 23162802 |
| two unusual variants of guillain-barre syndrome. | guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) is a group of autoimmune diseases characterised by acute, acquired and immune-mediated polyneuroradiculopathy. a large number of clinical subtypes of gbs have been described over last 100 years since the first description of this syndrome. we report two such cases gbs variants--first, aman with brisk reflexes and second being acute motor axonal neuropathy with conduction block. through this case report, we intend to make the treating physicians and neurologist aware ... | 2012 | 23162026 |
| molecular-based detection of the gastrointestinal pathogen campylobacter ureolyticus in unpasteurized milk samples from two cattle farms in ireland. | campylobacter jejuni and coli are collectively regarded as the most prevalent cause of bacterial foodborne illness worldwide. an emerging species, campylobacter ureolyticus has recently been detected in patients with gastroenteritis, however, the source of this organism has, until now, remained unclear. herein, we describe the molecular-based detection of this pathogen in bovine faeces (1/20) and unpasteurized milk (6/47) but not in poultry (chicken wings and caeca). this is, to the best of our ... | 2012 | 23151337 |
| celiac disease: prevalence, diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment. | celiac disease (cd) is one of the most common diseases, resulting from both environmental (gluten) and genetic factors [human leukocyte antigen (hla) and non-hla genes]. the prevalence of cd has been estimated to approximate 0.5%-1% in different parts of the world. however, the population with diabetes, autoimmune disorder or relatives of cd individuals have even higher risk for the development of cd, at least in part, because of shared hla typing. gliadin gains access to the basal surface of th ... | 2012 | 23155333 |
| respiratory proteins contribute differentially to campylobacter jejuni's survival and in vitro interaction with hosts' intestinal cells. | the genetic features that facilitate campylobacter jejuni's adaptation to a wide range of environments are not completely defined. however, whole genome expression studies showed that respiratory proteins (rps) were differentially expressed under varying conditions and stresses, suggesting further unidentified roles for rps in c. jejuni's adaptation. therefore, our objectives were to characterize the contributions of selected rps to c. jejuni's i- key survival phenotypes under different temperat ... | 2012 | 23148765 |
| participation of the cytoskeletal and lysosomal compartments in campylobacter jejuni invasion of caco-2 cells, the cellular response by morphometric analysis and the presence of cytokine and chemokine transcripts. | this study aimed to evaluate the participation of actin and tubulin in the process of internalisation, the interaction of bacterial phagosomes with lysosomes, the morphometric changes and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in caco-2 cells infected with campylobacter jejuni. both actin and tubulin participated in the process of internalisation. inside the cells, lysosomes fuse with phagosomes, which may lead to bacterial death because after 2 h, the bacteria were not detected by transmissio ... | 2012 | 24426102 |
| participation of the cytoskeletal and lysosomal compartments in campylobacter jejuni invasion of caco-2 cells, the cellular response by morphometric analysis and the presence of cytokine and chemokine transcripts. | this study aimed to evaluate the participation of actin and tubulin in the process of internalisation, the interaction of bacterial phagosomes with lysosomes, the morphometric changes and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in caco-2 cells infected with campylobacter jejuni. both actin and tubulin participated in the process of internalisation. inside the cells, lysosomes fuse with phagosomes, which may lead to bacterial death because after 2 h, the bacteria were not detected by transmissio ... | 2012 | 24426102 |
| in vitro antibacterial and time-kill evaluation of the erythrina caffra thunb. extract against bacteria associated with diarrhoea. | the antibacterial activities of stem bark ethanolic extract of erythrina caffra thunb. against bacteria in diarrhoea was determined in vitro by the agar diffusion and dilution, macrobroth dilution, and time-kill assay methods. the result showed that the extract produced inhibition zones ranging between 15 ± 1.0 mm and 23 ± 1.0 mm, and the bacteria were susceptible at concentrations ranging between ≤100 and ≤1000 μg/ml. while the mics of the extract ranged between 39.1 and 625 μg/ml, and the mbcs ... | 2012 | 23213297 |
| mucin biopolymers prevent bacterial aggregation by retaining cells in the free-swimming state. | many species of bacteria form surface-attached communities known as biofilms. surrounded in secreted polymers, these aggregates are difficult both to prevent and eradicate, posing problems for medicine and industry. humans play host to hundreds of trillions of microbes that live adjacent to our epithelia, and we are typically able to prevent harmful colonization. mucus, the hydrogel overlying all wet epithelia in the body, can prevent bacterial contact with the underlying tissue. the digestive t ... | 2012 | 23142047 |
| molecular evidence for the thriving of campylobacter jejuni st-4526 in japan. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. this study aimed at a better understanding of the genetic diversity of this pathogen disseminated in japan. we performed multilocus sequence typing (mlst) of campylobacter jejuni isolated from different sources (100 human, 61 poultry, and 51 cattle isolates) in japan between 2005 and 2006. this approach identified 62 sequence types (sts) and 19 clonal complexes (ccs), including 11 novel sts. these 62 sts were phylogeneti ... | 2012 | 23144873 |
| guillain-barré syndrome associated with primary parvovirus b19 infection in an hiv-1-infected patient. | parvovirus b19 (b19v) infection has rarely been reported as responsible for guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). we present the case of a 63-year-old man with aids who presented with rapidly progressing weakness of his inferior limbs and a newly appeared pancytopenia. csf examination and electromyography were characteristic for gbs. very high csf and serum b19v dna concentrations were present, in the absence of igg or igm against b19v. the neurologic and hematologic abnormalities improved after a 5-da ... | 2012 | 23251163 |
| chronic exposure to the cytolethal distending toxins of gram-negative bacteria promotes genomic instability and altered dna damage response. | epidemiological evidence links chronic bacterial infections to the increased incidence of certain types of cancer but the molecular mechanisms by which bacteria contribute to tumour initiation and progression are still poorly characterized. here we show that chronic exposure to the genotoxin cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) of gram-negative bacteria promotes genomic instability and acquisition of phenotypic properties of malignancy in fibroblasts and colon epithelial cells. cells grown for more ... | 2012 | 22998585 |
| chronic exposure to the cytolethal distending toxins of gram-negative bacteria promotes genomic instability and altered dna damage response. | epidemiological evidence links chronic bacterial infections to the increased incidence of certain types of cancer but the molecular mechanisms by which bacteria contribute to tumour initiation and progression are still poorly characterized. here we show that chronic exposure to the genotoxin cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) of gram-negative bacteria promotes genomic instability and acquisition of phenotypic properties of malignancy in fibroblasts and colon epithelial cells. cells grown for more ... | 2012 | 22998585 |
| pulmonary streptomyces infection in patient with sarcoidosis, france, 2012. | to the editor: streptomyces spp. are aerobic, gram-positive bacteria of the order actinomycetales, known for their ability to produce antimicrobial molecules such as streptomycin. streptomyces spp., usually saprophytic to humans, can cause local cutaneous fistulized nodules known as actinomycetoma or mycetoma. severe invasive infections have seldom been reported, but most cases reported have occurred in immunocompromised patients (1-5). we report a case of invasive pulmonary infection caused by ... | 2012 | 23092549 |
| hyperosmotic stress response of campylobacter jejuni. | the diarrheal pathogen campylobacter jejuni and other gastrointestinal bacteria encounter changes in osmolarity in the environment, through exposure to food processing, and upon entering host organisms, where osmotic adaptation can be associated with virulence. in this study, growth profiles, transcriptomics, and phenotypic, mutant, and single-cell analyses were used to explore the effects of hyperosmotic stress exposure on c. jejuni. increased growth inhibition correlated with increased osmotic ... | 2012 | 22961853 |
| a novel component of the rhodobacter sphaeroides fla1 flagellum is essential for motor rotation. | here we describe a novel component essential for flagellar rotation in rhodobacter sphaeroides. this protein is encoded by motf (rsp_0067), the first gene of a predicted transcriptional unit which contains two hypothetical genes. sequence analysis indicated that motf is a bitopic membrane-spanning protein. protease sensitivity assays and green fluorescent protein (gfp) fusions confirmed this prediction and allowed us to conclude that the c terminus of motf is located in the periplasmic space. wi ... | 2012 | 22961858 |
| complete genome sequence of a variant of campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168. | campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168 is widely used in research, but at least two variants have been reported. the available genome was sequenced from a variant which later showed a different phenotype and gene expression profile. here we present the complete genome sequence of a second variant of c. jejuni nctc 11168. | 2012 | 23105049 |
| microbiological applications of high-resolution melting analysis. | high-resolution melting (hrm) analysis uses real-time pcr instrumentation to interrogate dna sequence variation and is a low-cost, single-step, closed-tube method. here we describe hrm technology and provide examples of varied clinical microbiological applications to highlight the strengths and limitations of hrm analysis. | 2012 | 22875887 |
| the yfe and feo transporters are involved in microaerobic growth and virulence of yersinia pestis in bubonic plague. | the yfe/sit and feo transport systems are important for the growth of a variety of bacteria. in yersinia pestis, single mutations in either yfe or feo result in reduced growth under static (limited aeration), iron-chelated conditions, while a yfe feo double mutant has a more severe growth defect. these growth defects were not observed when bacteria were grown under aerobic conditions or in strains capable of producing the siderophore yersiniabactin (ybt) and the putative ferrous transporter fetm ... | 2012 | 22927049 |
| the challenge of regulating agricultural ceftiofur use to slow the emergence of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. | 2012 | 22961892 | |
| high prevalence and species diversity of helicobacter spp. detected in wild house mice. | pcr diagnostics detected 100% prevalence of helicobacter in 425 wild house mice (mus musculus) from across central europe. of seven species identified, the five most frequent were helicobacter rodentium (78%), h. typhlonius (53%), h. hepaticus (41%), h. bilis (30%), and h. muridarum (1%). double infections were more common (42%) than single (30%) and triple (21%) infections. wild house mice could be considered potential reservoirs of helicobacter strains for both humans and other vertebrates. | 2012 | 22961895 |
| survival and germination of bacillus cereus spores without outgrowth or enterotoxin production during in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal transit. | to study the gastrointestinal survival and enterotoxin production of the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus, an in vitro simulation experiment was developed to mimic gastrointestinal passage in 5 phases: (i) the mouth, (ii) the stomach, with gradual ph decrease and fractional emptying, (iii) the duodenum, with high concentrations of bile and digestive enzymes, (iv) dialysis to ensure bile reabsorption, and (v) the ileum, with competing human intestinal bacteria. four different b. cereus strains ... | 2012 | 22923409 |
| differences in the fecal concentrations and genetic diversities of campylobacter jejuni populations among individual cows in two dairy herds. | dairy cows have been identified as common carriers of campylobacter jejuni, which causes many of the human gastroenteritis cases reported worldwide. to design on-farm management practices that control the human infection sourced from dairy cows, the first step is to acquire an understanding of the excretion patterns of the cow reservoir. we monitored the same 35 cows from two dairy farms for c. jejuni excretion fortnightly for up to 12 months. the objective was to examine the concentration of c. ... | 2012 | 22904055 |
| identification of essential genes of the periodontal pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis. | porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium associated with periodontal disease onset and progression. genetic tools for the manipulation of bacterial genomes allow for in-depth mechanistic studies of metabolism, physiology, interspecies and host-pathogen interactions. analysis of the essential genes, protein-coding sequences necessary for survival of p. gingivalis by transposon mutagenesis has not previously been attempted due to the limitations of available transposon syste ... | 2012 | 23114059 |
| functional glycomic analysis of human milk glycans reveals the presence of virus receptors and embryonic stem cell biomarkers. | human milk contains a large diversity of free glycans beyond lactose, but their functions are not well understood. to explore their functional recognition, here we describe a shotgun glycan microarray prepared from isolated human milk glycans (hmgs), and our studies on their recognition by viruses, antibodies, and glycan-binding proteins (gbps), including lectins. the total neutral and sialylated hmgs were derivatized with a bifunctional fluorescent tag, separated by multidimensional hplc, and a ... | 2012 | 23115247 |
| a unique host defense pathway: trif mediates both antiviral and antibacterial immune responses. | both anti-viral and anti-bacterial host defense mechanisms involve trif signaling. trif provides early clearance of pathogens and coordination of a local inflammatory ensemble through an interferon cascade, while it may trigger organ damage. the multipotentiality of trif-mediated immune machinery may direct the fate of our continuous battle with microbes. | 2012 | 23116944 |
| a unique host defense pathway: trif mediates both antiviral and antibacterial immune responses. | both anti-viral and anti-bacterial host defense mechanisms involve trif signaling. trif provides early clearance of pathogens and coordination of a local inflammatory ensemble through an interferon cascade, while it may trigger organ damage. the multipotentiality of trif-mediated immune machinery may direct the fate of our continuous battle with microbes. | 2012 | 23116944 |
| different imaging findings of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver. | inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (imt) in the liver is an uncommon lesion of uncertain pathogenesis. in most cases, symptomatological imaging and clinical studies suggest malignancy. we report a case of liver imt with imaging findings from positron emission tomography/computed tomography (pet/ct), contrast-enhanced computed tomography (cect) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (ceus). this report was the first to depict a pet/ct scan of a liver imt that revealed an inhomogeneous, intense (fl ... | 2012 | 23155327 |
| treatment of diarrhoea in rural african communities: an overview of measures to maximise the medicinal potentials of indigenous plants. | diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in rural communities in africa, particularly in children under the age of five. this calls for the development of cost effective alternative strategies such as the use of herbal drugs in the treatment of diarrhoea in these communities. expenses associated with the use of orthodox medicines have generated renewed interest and reliance on indigenous medicinal plants in the treatment and management of diarrhoeal infections in rural communities. ... | 2012 | 23202823 |
| receptor-like molecules on human intestinal epithelial cells interact with an adhesion factor from lactobacillus reuteri. | a surface protein of lactobacillus reuteri, mucus adhesion-promoting protein (mapa), is considered to be an adhesion factor. mapa is expressed in l. reuteri strains and adheres to piglet gastric mucus, collagen type i, and human intestinal epithelial cells such as caco-2. the aim of this study was to identify molecules that mediate the attachment of mapa from l. reuteri to the intestinal epithelial cell surface by investigating the adhesion of mapa to receptor-like molecules on caco-2 cells. map ... | 2012 | 24936355 |
| characterization and structure of the aquifex aeolicus protein duf752: a bacterial trna-methyltransferase (mnmc2) functioning without the usually fused oxidase domain (mnmc1). | post-transcriptional modifications of the wobble uridine (u34) of trnas play a critical role in reading nna/g codons belonging to split codon boxes. in a subset of escherichia coli trna, this wobble uridine is modified to 5-methylaminomethyluridine (mnm(5)u34) through sequential enzymatic reactions. uridine 34 is first converted to 5-carboxymethylaminomethyluridine (cmnm(5)u34) by the mnme-mnmg enzyme complex. the cmnm(5)u34 is further modified to mnm(5)u by the bifunctional mnmc protein. in the ... | 2012 | 23091054 |
| a new generation microarray for the simultaneous detection and identification of yersinia pestis and bacillus anthracis in food. | the use of microarrays as a multiple analytic system has generated increased interest and provided a powerful analytical tool for the simultaneous detection of pathogens in a single experiment. a wide array of applications for this technology has been reported. a low density oligonucleotide microarray was generated from the genetic sequences of y. pestis and b. anthracis and used to fabricate a microarray chip. the new generation chip, consisting of 2,240 spots in 4 quadrants with the capability ... | 2012 | 23125935 |
| redundancy and modularity in membrane-associated dissimilatory nitrate reduction in bacillus. | the genomes of two phenotypically denitrifying type strains of the genus bacillus were sequenced and the pathways for dissimilatory nitrate reduction were reconstructed. results suggest that denitrification proceeds in the periplasmic space and in an analogous fashion as in gram-negative organisms, yet with the participation of proteins that tend to be membrane-bound or membrane-associated. a considerable degree of functional redundancy was observed with marked differences between b. azotoforman ... | 2012 | 23087684 |
| a case of helicobacter cinaedi bacteremia in an asplenic patient. | helicobacter cinaedi is an enterohepatic species. it can cause bacteremia, gastroenteritis, and cellulitis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, malignancy, or alcoholism. there are no previous reports of h. cinaedi infection in korea. a 71-yr-old man was admitted to the emergency room because of dyspnea on november 9, 2011. he had undergone splenectomy 3 yr ago because of immune hemolytic anemia. chest plain radiography revealed b ... | 2012 | 23130344 |
| crystal structure of the campylobacter jejuni cj0090 protein reveals a novel variant of the immunoglobulin fold among bacterial lipoproteins. | bacterial lipoproteins play an important role in bacterial pathogenesis and physiology. the genome of campylobacter jejuni, a major foodborn pathogen, is predicted to contain over 20 lipoproteins. however, the functions of the majority of c. jejuni lipoproteins remain unknown. the cj0090 protein is encoded by a lipoprotein operon composed of cj0089, cj0090, and cj0091. here, we report the crystal structure of cj0090 at 1.9 å resolution, revealing a novel variant of the immunoglobulin fold with β ... | 2012 | 22987763 |
| hemolytic uremic syndrome and clostridium difficile colitis. | hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) can be associated with different infectious etiologies, but the relationship between pseudomembranous colitis and hus was first described in the 1970s in some childhood patients. there is very limited published literature on clostridium difficile-associated hus. we report a case of c. difficile-related hus in an adult patient and provide a review of the literature. | 2012 | 23882375 |
| the kizss network, a sentinel surveillance system for infectious diseases in day care centers: study protocol. | day care-associated infectious diseases are widely recognized as a public health problem but rarely studied. insights into their dynamics and their association with the day care setting are important for effective decision making in management of infectious disease control. this paper describes the purpose, design and potential of our national multi-center, day care-based sentinel surveillance network for infectious diseases (the kizss network). the aim of the kizss network is to acquire a long- ... | 2012 | 23066727 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of plesiomonas shigelloides by loop-mediated isothermal amplification of the huga gene. | plesiomonas shigelloides is one of the causative agents of human gastroenteritis, with increasing number of reports describing such infections in recent years. in this study, the huga gene was chosen as the target to design loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assays for the rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of p. shigelloides. the performance of the assay with reference plasmids and spiked human stools as samples was evaluated and compared with those of quantitative pcr (qpcr). ... | 2012 | 23077478 |
| effect of environmental stress factors on the uptake and survival of campylobacter jejuni in acanthamoeba castellanii. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of bacterial food-borne illness in europe and north america. the mechanisms allowing survival in the environment and transmission to new hosts are not well understood. environmental free-living protozoa may facilitate both processes. pre-exposure to heat, starvation, oxidative or osmotic stresses encountered in the environment may affect the subsequent interaction of c. jejuni with free-living protozoa. to test this hypothesis, we examined the impact of envi ... | 2012 | 23051891 |
| campylobacter jejuni csra complements an escherichia coli csra mutation for the regulation of biofilm formation, motility and cellular morphology but not glycogen accumulation. | although campylobacter jejuni is consistently ranked as one of the leading causes of bacterial diarrhea worldwide, the mechanisms by which c. jejuni causes disease and how they are regulated have yet to be clearly defined. the global regulator, csra, has been well characterized in several bacterial genera and is known to regulate a number of independent pathways via a post transcriptional mechanism, but remains relatively uncharacterized in the genus campylobacter. previously, we reported data i ... | 2012 | 23051923 |
| potential of peptides as inhibitors and mimotopes: selection of carbohydrate-mimetic peptides from phage display libraries. | glycoconjugates play various roles in biological processes. in particular, oligosaccharides on the surface of animal cells are involved in virus infection and cell-cell communication. inhibitors of carbohydrate-protein interactions are potential antiviral drugs. several anti-influenza drugs such as oseltamivir and zanamivir are derivatives of sialic acid, which inhibits neuraminidase. however, it is very difficult to prepare a diverse range of sugar derivatives by chemical synthesis or by the is ... | 2012 | 23094142 |
| global network alignment using multiscale spectral signatures. | protein interaction networks provide an important system-level view of biological processes. one of the fundamental problems in biological network analysis is the global alignment of a pair of networks, which puts the proteins of one network into correspondence with the proteins of another network in a manner that conserves their interactions while respecting other evidence of their homology. by providing a mapping between the networks of different species, alignments can be used to inform hypot ... | 2012 | 23047556 |
| the cell pole: the site of cross talk between the dna uptake and genetic recombination machinery. | natural transformation is a programmed mechanism characterized by binding of free double-stranded (ds) dna from the environment to the cell pole in rod-shaped bacteria. in bacillus subtilis some competence proteins, which process the dsdna and translocate single-stranded (ss) dna into the cytosol, recruit a set of recombination proteins mainly to one of the cell poles. a subset of single-stranded binding proteins, working as "guardians", protects ssdna from degradation and limit the reca recombi ... | 2012 | 23046409 |
| role of cytolethal distending toxin in altered stool form and bowel phenotypes in a rat model of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. | campylobacter jejuni infection is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, which is a trigger for post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (pi-ibs). cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) is expressed by enteric pathogens that cause pi-ibs. we used a rat model of pi-ibs to investigate the role of cdt in long-term altered stool form and bowel phenotypes. | 2012 | 23106005 |
| the interaction of helicobacter pylori with the adherent mucus gel layer secreted by polarized ht29-mtx-e12 cells. | helicobacter pylori colonises the gastric mucosa of humans. the majority of organisms live in mucus. these organisms are an important reservoir for infection of the underlying epithelium. cell culture models for h. pylori infection do not normally possess a mucus layer. the interaction of h. pylori with tff1, a member of the trefoil factor family found in gastric mucin, is mediated by lipopolysaccharide. to test the hypothesis that the interaction of h. pylori with tff1 promotes mucus colonizati ... | 2012 | 23056622 |
| the crystal structures of the α-subunit of the α(2)β (2) tetrameric glycyl-trna synthetase. | aminoacyl-trna synthetases (aarss) are ligases (ec.6.1.1.-) that catalyze the acylation of amino acids to their cognate trnas in the process of translating genetic information from mrna to protein. their amino acid and trna specificity are crucial for correctly translating the genetic code. glycine is the smallest amino acid and the glycyl-trna synthetase (glyrs) belongs to class ii aarss. the enzyme is unusual because it can assume different quaternary structures. in eukaryotes, archaebacteria ... | 2012 | 23054484 |
| attenuation of streptococcus suis virulence by the alteration of bacterial surface architecture. | neub, a sialic acid synthase catalyzes the last committed step of the de novo biosynthetic pathway of sialic acid, a major element of bacterial surface structure. here we report a functional neub homologue of streptococcus suis, a zoonotic agent, and systematically address its molecular and immunological role in bacterial virulence. disruption of neub led to thinner capsules and more susceptibility to ph, and cps2b inactivation resulted in complete absence of capsular polysaccharides. these two ... | 2012 | 23050094 |
| a small multidrug resistance-like transporter involved in the arabinosylation of arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan in mycobacteria. | the biosynthesis of the major cell envelope glycoconjugates of mycobacterium tuberculosis is topologically split across the plasma membrane, yet nothing is known of the transporters required for the translocation of lipid-linked sugar donors and oligosaccharide intermediates from the cytoplasmic to the periplasmic side of the membrane in mycobacteria. one of the mechanisms used by prokaryotes to translocate lipid-linked phosphate sugars across the plasma membrane relies on translocases that shar ... | 2012 | 23038254 |
| a novel insight into the oxidoreductase activity of helicobacter pylori hp0231 protein. | the formation of a disulfide bond between two cysteine residues stabilizes protein structure. although we now have a good understanding of the escherichia coli disulfide formation system, the machineries at work in other bacteria, including pathogens, are poorly characterized. thus, the objective of this work was to improve our understanding of the disulfide formation machinery of helicobacter pylori, a leading cause of ulcers and a risk factor for stomach cancer worldwide. | 2012 | 23056345 |
| the methylomes of six bacteria. | six bacterial genomes, geobacter metallireducens gs-15, chromohalobacter salexigens, vibrio breoganii 1c-10, bacillus cereus atcc 10987, campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 81-176 and c. jejuni nctc 11168, all of which had previously been sequenced using other platforms were re-sequenced using single-molecule, real-time (smrt) sequencing specifically to analyze their methylomes. in every case a number of new n(6)-methyladenine ((m6)a) and n(4)-methylcytosine ((m4)c) methylation patterns were disc ... | 2012 | 23034806 |
| etiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children:a single center experience from southern iran. | this study aimed to determine the common etiologies and characteristics of lower gastrointestinal (gi) bleeding in children from southern iran. | 2012 | 24829660 |
| trimebutine as a potential antimicrobial agent: a preliminary in vitro approach. | the aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the in vitro effect of "non-antibiotic" trimebutine against reference strains staphylococcus aureus atcc 29213, atcc 25923, escherichia coli atcc 25922, atcc 35218, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853 and enterococcus faecalis atcc 29212; microbiota that are potentially involved in the pathophysiology of post-infectious functional gastrointestinal disorders. | 2012 | 23935315 |
| neurologic symptoms associated with cattle farming in the agricultural health study. | infection with campylobacter jejuni, a bacterium carried by poultry and livestock, is the most frequently identified antecedent to the autoimmune neurologic condition guillain-barré syndrome. we used agricultural health study data to assess whether cattle farming was associated with prevalence of neurologic symptoms. | 2012 | 22975665 |
| a report of a probable case of familial guillain barre syndrome. | although it is a sporadic disease, few studies have reported cases of guillain barre syndrome (gbs) in families which postulate a genetic susceptibility. human leukocyte antigen (hla) typing is an area of discussion in gbs though none of them are considered definitive. in recent years, more studies have evaluated hla typing in sporadic cases while rarely it has been assessed in familial ones. we report a woman and her daughter experiencing gbs and their hla typing in a 2-year interval. | 2012 | 23349598 |
| genome-wide metabolic (re-) annotation of kluyveromyces lactis. | even before having its genome sequence published in 2004, kluyveromyces lactis had long been considered a model organism for studies in genetics and physiology. research on kluyveromyces lactis is quite advanced and this yeast species is one of the few with which it is possible to perform formal genetic analysis. nevertheless, until now, no complete metabolic functional annotation has been performed to the proteins encoded in the kluyveromyces lactis genome. | 2012 | 23025710 |
| mechanistic and structural basis for inhibition of thymidylate synthase thyx. | nature has established two mechanistically and structurally unrelated families of thymidylate synthases that produce de novo thymidylate or dtmp, an essential dna precursor. representatives of the alternative flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase family, thyx, are found in a large number of microbial genomes, but are absent in humans. we have exploited the nucleotide binding pocket of thyx proteins to identify non-substrate-based tight-binding thyx inhibitors that inhibited growth of genetically ... | 2012 | 23155486 |
| surveillance for guillain-barré syndrome after influenza vaccination among the medicare population, 2009-2010. | we implemented active surveillance for guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) following seasonal or h1n1 influenza vaccination among the medicare population during the 2009-2010 influenza season. | 2012 | 22970693 |
| adaptive and mutational resistance: role of porins and efflux pumps in drug resistance. | the substantial use of antibiotics in the clinic, combined with a dearth of new antibiotic classes, has led to a gradual increase in the resistance of bacterial pathogens to these compounds. among the various mechanisms by which bacteria endure the action of antibiotics, those affecting influx and efflux are of particular importance, as they limit the interaction of the drug with its intracellular targets and, consequently, its deleterious effects on the cell. this review evaluates the impact of ... | 2012 | 23034325 |
| identifying genomic and metabolic features that can underlie early successional and opportunistic lifestyles of human gut symbionts. | we lack a deep understanding of genetic and metabolic attributes specializing in microbial consortia for initial and subsequent waves of colonization of our body habitats. here we show that phylogenetically interspersed bacteria in clostridium cluster xiva, an abundant group of bacteria in the adult human gut also known as the clostridium coccoides or eubacterium rectale group, contains species that have evolved distribution patterns consistent with either early successional or stable gut commun ... | 2012 | 22665442 |
| draft genome sequences of two campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates, nw and d2600. | the campylobacter jejuni human clinical isolates nw and d2600 colonized c57bl/6 interleukin-10-deficient (il-10(-/-)) mice without inducing a robust inflammatory response (j. a. bell et al., bmc microbiol. 9:57, 2009). we announce draft genome sequences of nw and d2600 to facilitate comparisons with strains that induce gastrointestinal inflammation in this mouse model. | 2012 | 23012285 |
| a ferritin mutant of mycobacterium tuberculosis is highly susceptible to killing by antibiotics and is unable to establish a chronic infection in mice. | iron is an essential, elusive, and potentially toxic nutrient for most pathogens, including mycobacterium tuberculosis. due to the poor solubility of ferric iron under aerobic conditions, free iron is not found in the host. m. tuberculosis requires specialized iron acquisition systems to replicate and cause disease. it also depends on a strict control of iron metabolism and intracellular iron levels to prevent iron-mediated toxicity. under conditions of iron sufficiency, m. tuberculosis represse ... | 2012 | 22802345 |
| oxyr activation in porphyromonas gingivalis in response to a hemin-limited environment. | porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative obligately anaerobic bacterium associated with several forms of periodontal disease, most closely with chronic periodontitis. previous studies demonstrated that oxyr plays an important role in the aerotolerance of p. gingivalis by upregulating the expression of oxidative-stress genes. increases in oxygen tension and in h(2)o(2) both induce activation of oxyr. it is also known that p. gingivalis requires hemin as an iron source for its growth. in this s ... | 2012 | 22825453 |
| modulation of toxin production by the flagellar regulon in clostridium difficile. | we show in this study that toxin production in clostridium difficile is altered in cells which can no longer form flagellar filaments. the impact of inactivation of flic, cd0240, flif, flig, flim, and flhb-flir flagellar genes upon toxin levels in culture supernatants was assessed using cell-based cytotoxicity assay, proteomics, immunoassay, and immunoblotting approaches. each of these showed that toxin levels in supernatants were significantly increased in a flic mutant compared to that in the ... | 2012 | 22851750 |
| real-time pcr for diagnosing helicobacter pylori infection in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: comparison with other classical diagnostic methods. | the aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic usefulness of quantification of the h. pylori genome in detection of infection in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ugb). a total of 158 consecutive patients with digestive disorders, 80 of whom had clinical presentation of ugb, were studied. the number of microorganisms was quantified using a real-time pcr system which amplifies the urease gene with an internal control for eliminating the false negatives. a biopsy sample from th ... | 2012 | 22837325 |
| prospective evaluation of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system in a hospital clinical microbiology laboratory for identification of bacteria and yeasts: a bench-by-bench study for assessing the impact on time to identification and cost-effectiveness. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has been found to be an accurate, rapid, and inexpensive method for the identification of bacteria and yeasts. previous evaluations have compared the accuracy, time to identification, and costs of the maldi-tof ms method against standard identification systems or commercial panels. in this prospective study, we compared a protocol incorporating maldi-tof ms (maldi protocol) with the current standard ident ... | 2012 | 22855510 |
| a mutation in the pp2c phosphatase gene in a staphylococcus aureus usa300 clinical isolate with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and daptomycin. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin (mic of 4 to 8 μg/ml) are referred to as vancomycin-intermediate s. aureus (visa). in this study, we characterized two isogenic usa300 s. aureus isolates collected sequentially from a single patient with endocarditis where the s. aureus isolate changed from being susceptible to vancomycin (vssa) (1 μg/ml) to visa (8 μg/ml). in addition, the visa isolate lost beta-lactamase activity and showed inc ... | 2012 | 22850507 |
| identification of mw polyomavirus, a novel polyomavirus in human stool. | we have discovered a novel polyomavirus present in multiple human stool samples. the virus was initially identified by shotgun pyrosequencing of dna purified from virus-like particles isolated from a stool sample collected from a healthy child from malawi. we subsequently sequenced the virus' 4,927-bp genome, which has been provisionally named mw polyomavirus (mwpyv). the virus has genomic features characteristic of the family polyomaviridae but is highly divergent from other members of this fam ... | 2012 | 22740408 |
| the vagal innervation of the gut and immune homeostasis. | the central nervous system interacts dynamically with the immune system to modulate inflammation through humoral and neural pathways. recently, in animal models of sepsis, the vagus nerve (vn) has been proposed to play a crucial role in the regulation of the immune response, also referred to as the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. the vn, through release of acetylcholine, dampens immune cell activation by interacting with α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. recent evidence suggests that ... | 2012 | 23023166 |
| the vagal innervation of the gut and immune homeostasis. | the central nervous system interacts dynamically with the immune system to modulate inflammation through humoral and neural pathways. recently, in animal models of sepsis, the vagus nerve (vn) has been proposed to play a crucial role in the regulation of the immune response, also referred to as the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. the vn, through release of acetylcholine, dampens immune cell activation by interacting with α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. recent evidence suggests that ... | 2012 | 23023166 |
| experimental evidence for the involvement of amino acid residue glu398 in the autocatalytic processing of bacillus licheniformis γ-glutamyltranspeptidase. | the role of glutamate 398 in the autocatalytic processing of bacillus licheniformis γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (blggt) was explored by site-directed mutagenesis. this glutamate was substituted by either alanine, aspartate, arginine or glutamine and the expressed mutant enzymes were purified to apparent homogeneity with metal-affinity chromatography. sds-page analysis showed that e398a, e398d and e398k were unable to process themselves into a large and a small subunit. however, e398q was not only a ... | 2012 | 23772362 |
| specific metal recognition in nickel trafficking. | nickel is an essential metal for a number of bacterial species that have developed systems for acquiring, delivering, and incorporating the metal into target enzymes and controlling the levels of nickel in cells to prevent toxic effects. as with other transition metals, these trafficking systems must be able to distinguish between the desired metal and other transition metal ions with similar physical and chemical properties. because there are few enzymes (targets) that require nickel for activi ... | 2012 | 22970729 |
| engagement of siglec-7 receptor induces a pro-inflammatory response selectively in monocytes. | sialic acid binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-7 (siglec-7) is a trans-membrane receptor carrying immunoreceptor tyrosine based inhibitory motifs (itims) and delivering inhibitory signals upon ligation with sialylated glycans. this inhibitory function can be also targeted by several pathogens that have evolved to express sialic acids on their surface to escape host immune responses. here, we demonstrate that cross-linking of siglec-7 by a specific monoclonal antibody (mab) induces a remarkably h ... | 2012 | 23029261 |
| enhanced adhesion of campylobacter jejuni to abiotic surfaces is mediated by membrane proteins in oxygen-enriched conditions. | campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the major foodborne bacterial enteritis in humans. in contradiction with its fastidious growth requirements, this microaerobic pathogen can survive in aerobic food environments, suggesting that it must employ a variety of protection mechanisms to resist oxidative stress. for the first time, c. jejuni 81-176 inner and outer membrane subproteomes were analyzed separately using two-dimensional protein electrophoresis (2-de) of oxygen-acclimated cells and micr ... | 2012 | 23029510 |
| the non-flagellar type iii secretion system evolved from the bacterial flagellum and diversified into host-cell adapted systems. | type 3 secretion systems (t3sss) are essential components of two complex bacterial machineries: the flagellum, which drives cell motility, and the non-flagellar t3ss (nf-t3ss), which delivers effectors into eukaryotic cells. yet the origin, specialization, and diversification of these machineries remained unclear. we developed computational tools to identify homologous components of the two systems and to discriminate between them. our analysis of >1,000 genomes identified 921 t3sss, including 2 ... | 2012 | 23028376 |
| cell signaling, post-translational protein modifications and nmr spectroscopy. | post-translationally modified proteins make up the majority of the proteome and establish, to a large part, the impressive level of functional diversity in higher, multi-cellular organisms. most eukaryotic post-translational protein modifications (ptms) denote reversible, covalent additions of small chemical entities such as phosphate-, acyl-, alkyl- and glycosyl-groups onto selected subsets of modifiable amino acids. in turn, these modifications induce highly specific changes in the chemical en ... | 2012 | 23011410 |
| crystal structure of hutz, a heme storage protein from vibrio cholerae: a structural mismatch observed in the region of high sequence conservation. | hutz is the sole heme storage protein identified in the pathogenic bacterium vibrio cholerae and is required for optimal heme utilization. however, no heme oxygenase activity has been observed with this protein. thus far, hutz's structure and heme-binding mechanism are unknown. | 2012 | 23013214 |
| natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni occurs beyond limits of growth. | campylobacter jejuni is a human bacterial pathogen. while poultry is considered to be a major source of food borne campylobacteriosis, c. jejuni is frequently found in the external environment, and water is another well-known source of human infections. natural transformation is considered to be one of the main mechanisms for mediating transfer of genetic material and evolution of the organism. given the diverse habitats of c. jejuni we set out to examine how environmental conditions and physiol ... | 2012 | 23049803 |
| a novel plasmid-encoded serotype conversion mechanism through addition of phosphoethanolamine to the o-antigen of shigella flexneri. | shigella flexneri is the major pathogen causing bacillary dysentery in developing countries. s. flexneri is divided into at least 16 serotypes based on the combination of antigenic determinants present in the o-antigen. all the serotypes (except for serotype 6) share a basic o-unit containing one n-acetyl-d-glucosamine and three l-rhamnose residues, whereas differences between the serotypes are conferred by phage-encoded glucosylation and/or o-acetylation. serotype xv is a newly emerged and the ... | 2012 | 23049947 |
| in silico directed mutagenesis identifies the cd81/claudin-1 hepatitis c virus receptor interface. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) entry is dependent on host cell molecules tetraspanin cd81, scavenger receptor bi and tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin. we previously reported a role for cd81/claudin-1 receptor complexes in hcv entry; however, the molecular mechanism(s) driving association between the receptors is unknown. we explored the molecular interface between cd81 and claudin-1 using a combination of bioinformatic sequence-based modelling, site-directed mutagenesis and fluorescent re ... | 2012 | 22897233 |
| the htra protease from streptococcus pneumoniae digests both denatured proteins and the competence-stimulating peptide. | the htra protease of streptococcus pneumoniae functions both in a general stress response role and as an error sensor that specifically represses genetic competence when the overall level of biosynthetic errors in cellular proteins is low. however, the mechanism through which htra inhibits development of competence has been unknown. we found that htra digested the pneumococcal competence-stimulating peptide (csp) and constituted the primary extracytoplasmic csp-degrading activity in cultures of ... | 2012 | 23012372 |
| detection of salmonella spp., candida albicans, aspergillus spp., and antimicrobial residues in raw and processed cow milk from selected smallholder farms of zimbabwe. | a cross-sectional study was conducted to detect the presence of salmonella spp., candida albicans, aspergillus spp., and antimicrobial residues in raw milk (n = 120) and processed cow milk (n = 20) from smallholder dairy farms from three sites in zimbabwe. culture and isolation of salmonella spp., c. albicans, and aspergillus spp. were performed using selective media, while antimicrobial residues were detected by a dye reduction test. no salmonella, but c. albicans (17.5%; 21/120), aspergillus s ... | 2012 | 23050199 |
| the natural antimicrobial carvacrol inhibits campylobacter jejuni motility and infection of epithelial cells. | natural compounds with anti-microbial properties are attractive reagents to reduce the use of conventional antibiotics. carvacrol, the main constituent of oregano oil, inhibits the growth of a variety of bacterial foodborne pathogens. as concentrations of carvacrol may vary in vivo or when used in animal feed, we here investigated the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of the compound on major virulence traits of the principal bacterial foodborne pathogen campylobacter jejuni. | 2012 | 23049787 |
| common variable immunodeficiency: an update. | common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) describes a heterogeneous subset of hypogammaglobulinemias of unknown etiology. typically, patients present with recurrent bacterial infections of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. a significant proportion of cvid patients develops additional autoimmune, inflammatory or lymphoproliferative complications. cvid is the most frequent symptomatic primary immunodeficiency encountered in adults. informative monogenetic defects have been found in single ... | 2012 | 23043756 |
| structural insights from random mutagenesis of campylobacter jejuni oligosaccharyltransferase pglb. | protein glycosylation is of fundamental importance in many biological systems. the discovery of n-glycosylation in bacteria and the functional expression of the n-oligosaccharyltransferase pglb of campylobacter jejuni in escherichia coli enabled the production of engineered glycoproteins and the study of the underlying molecular mechanisms. a particularly promising application for protein glycosylation in recombinant bacteria is the production of potent conjugate vaccines where polysaccharide an ... | 2012 | 23006740 |
| oxidative stress resistance genes contribute to the pathogenic potential of the anaerobic protozoan parasite, entamoeba histolytica. | the protozoan parasite, entamoeba histolytica, invades the host colon causing significant tissue destruction and inflammation. upon host infection, the parasite is confronted with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ros/rns) that cause large-scale changes in gene expression profiles, which likely support the parasite's adaptation to the host environment. we have previously identified oxidative and nitrosative stress responsive genes using whole-genome expression profiling. functional studies o ... | 2012 | 23009748 |
| bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis associated with ulcerative colitis. | a 25-year-old japanese man showed symptoms of common cold and digestive problems for 1 month. he later developed hypoesthesia ascending from the lower extremities and consulted the emergency outpatient department with the chief complaint of generalised dysesthesia. because of a history of ulcerative colitis, his condition was initially treated as acute aggravation of the disease; however, after admission, his consciousness level gradually deteriorated. physical findings showed weakened tendon re ... | 2012 | 23001109 |
| synergistic effects of probiotic leuconostoc mesenteroides and bacillus subtilis in malted ragi (eleucine corocana) food for antagonistic activity against v. cholerae and other beneficial properties. | finger millet (elucine corocana), locally known as ragi, and probiotics have been recognized for their health benefits. in the present work we describe novel probiotic ragi malt (functional food) that has been prepared using ragi and probiotic leuconostoc mesenteroides (lm) and bacillus subtilis natto (bs), alone and in combination, for antagonistic activity against vibrio cholerae (vc). in vitro studies using pure cultures showed that each probiotic strain (lm or bs) was able to inhibit the pla ... | 2012 | 26396299 |