Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| crystal structure of uba2(ufd)-ubc9: insights into e1-e2 interactions in sumo pathways. | canonical ubiquitin-like proteins (ubls) such as ubiquitin, sumo, nedd8, and isg15 are ligated to targets by e1-e2-e3 multienzyme cascades. the sumo cascade, conserved among all eukaryotes, regulates numerous biological processes including protein localization, transcription, dna replication, and mitosis. sumo conjugation is initiated by the heterodimeric aos1-uba2 e1 enzyme (in humans called sae1-uba2), which activates sumo's c-terminus, binds the dedicated e2 enzyme ubc9, and promotes sumo c-t ... | 2010 | 21209884 |
| [development of a yeast two-hybrid screen for selection of a/h1n1 influenza ns1 non-structural protein and human cpsf30 protein interaction inhibitors]. | influenza a/h1n1 virus-encoded nonstructural, or ns1, protein inhibits the 3'-end processing of cellular pre-mrnas by binding the cellular protein: the 30-kda subunit of cpsf (cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor, cpsf30). cpsf30 binding site of the ns1 protein is a potential target for the development of drugs against influenza a/h1n1 virus. a yeast two-hybrid screening system was constructed and used for screening chinese medicines that inhibit the interaction of the a/h1n1 flu ns1 ... | 2010 | 21351518 |
| generation of rna/dna hybrids in genomic dna by transformation using rna-containing oligonucleotides. | synthetic short nucleic acid polymers, oligonucleotides (oligos), are the most functional and widespread tools of molecular biology. oligos can be produced to contain any desired dna or rna sequence and can be prepared to include a wide variety of base and sugar modifications. moreover, oligos can be designed to mimic specific nucleic acid alterations and thus, can serve as important tools to investigate effects of dna damage and mechanisms of repair. we found that thermo scientific dharmacon rn ... | 2010 | 21178953 |
| recombinant yeast technology at the cutting edge: robust tools for both designed catalysts and new biologicals. | health and safety concerns, enhanced quality criteria, and environmental sustainability, have prompted investigations into production using recombinant yeasts as a feasible alternative for isolation of proteins from natural animal or plant sources, as well as for processes utilising either mammalian cell cultures or bacterial systems. an overview of recent research papers and review articles provides readers with a comprehensive insight into the field of next-generation yeast expression systems. ... | 2010 | 21197847 |
| phosphorylation of ulk1 (hatg1) by amp-activated protein kinase connects energy sensing to mitophagy. | adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (ampk) is a conserved sensor of intracellular energy activated in response to low nutrient availability and environmental stress. in a screen for conserved substrates of ampk, we identified ulk1 and ulk2, mammalian orthologs of the yeast protein kinase atg1, which is required for autophagy. genetic analysis of ampk or ulk1 in mammalian liver and caenorhabditis elegans revealed a requirement for these kinases in autophagy. in mammals, loss of ampk ... | 2010 | 21205641 |
| the structure of human leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1 that regulates protein phosphatase pp2a. | leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1 (lcmt1) methylates the terminal carboxyl group of the leucine 309 residue of human protein phosphatase 2a (pp2a). pp2a, a key regulator of many cellular processes, has recently generated additional interest as a potential cancer-therapeutic target. the status of pp2a methylation impacts upon the selection of the regulatory subunit by the pp2a core enzyme, thus directing its activity and subcellular localization. an x-ray crystal structure of human lcmt1 prote ... | 2010 | 21206058 |
| mutations causing greenberg dysplasia but not pelger anomaly uncouple enzymatic from structural functions of a nuclear membrane protein. | the lamin b receptor (lbr) is an inner nuclear membrane protein with a structural function interacting with chromatin and lamins, and an enzymatic function as a sterol reductase. heterozygous lbr mutations cause nuclear hyposegmentation in neutrophils (pelger anomaly), while homozygous mutations cause prenatal death with skeletal defects and abnormal sterol metabolism (greenberg dysplasia). it has remained unclear whether the lethality in greenberg dysplasia is due to cholesterol defects or alte ... | 2010 | 21327084 |
| antimicrobial screening of ethnobotanically important stem bark of medicinal plants. | the stem barks are the rich sources of tannins and other phenolic compounds. tannins inhibited the growth of various fungi, yeast, bacteria and virus. hence, ten stem barks of ethnomedicinally important plants were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities against human pathogenic strains. | 2010 | 21808577 |
| [human arginase i from the recombinant yeast hansenula polymorpha: isolation and characterization of the enzyme]. | purified human arginase i preparations homogeneous in sds-paag test were obtained by the affinity chromatography on the synthesized sorbent l-arginine-macroporous glass. some physico-chemical characteristics of the isolated arginase preparation have been estimated: thermo- and ph-stability, temperature- and ph-optima of the enzyme. the influence of some bivalent metal ions and other additives on enzymatic activity for stabilization of the enzyme and optimization of its storage conditions was stu ... | 2010 | 21805858 |
| the exosomes of trypanosomes and other protists. | the archaeal exosome contains three heterodimeric rnase ph subunits, forming a hexamer with rnase activity; on top sits a trimer of two different si domain proteins. in animals and yeast, six different, but related subunits form the rnase ph-like core, but these lack enzyme activity; there are three different si-domain proteins and enzyme activity is providedby the endo/exonuclease rrp44 or--mainly in the nuclear exosome--the rnase d enzyme rrp6. trypanosomes diverged from yeast and mammals very ... | 2010 | 21618873 |
| molecular characterization of human homologs of yeast mob1. | mob (mps one binder) was originally identified in yeast as a regulator of mitotic exit and cytokinesis, and was later identified as a tumor suppressor and a component of an emerging hippo-lats tumor suppressor pathway in drosophila (d). so far, 7 human homologs of yeast mob (hmob1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3, 4) have been identified. although hmob1a/b has been extensively studied, the biological features of other hmobs are largely unknown. in addition, while hmob1 has been reported to interact with and ... | 2010 | 19739119 |
| cip4 is a new argbp2 interacting protein that modulates the argbp2 mediated control of wave1 phosphorylation and cancer cell migration. | argbp2 is a multi-adapter protein involved in signal transduction associated to the cytoskeleton and was shown to regulate the migration and adhesion of pancreatic cancer cells thereby modulating their tumorigenicity. here we describe the interaction of argbp2 with cip4, a new associated protein identified by yeast two-hybrid. we found that both proteins modulated their reciprocal tyrosine phosphorylation catalyzed by the non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-abl. we observed that, like argbp2, cip4 di ... | 2010 | 19631450 |
| identification of the n-glycosylation sites on recombinant bovine cd38 expressed in pichia pastoris: their impact on enzyme stability and catalytic activity. | bovine cd38, a type ii glycoprotein, contains two potential n-glycosylation sites (asn-201 and asn-268) in its extracellular domain. this contrasts with the other mammalian members of the adp-ribosyl cyclase family, such as human cd38 and bst-1/cd157, in which four such sites are present. our study was designed to determine the occupancy of these sites in a recombinant form of this ecto-enzyme and to evaluate its impact on the protein stability and catalytic functions. to that end we have succes ... | 2010 | 19818407 |
| a putative novel transcription factor, atskip, is involved in abscisic acid signalling and confers salt and osmotic tolerance in arabidopsis. | we identified and functionally characterized the atskip gene (at1g77180), an arabidopsis homologue of snw/skip, under abiotic stresses. although the snw/skip protein has been implicated as a critical transcription cofactor, its biological functions have yet to be reported in any plant. recently, we have isolated salt-tolerance genes (sats) via the overexpression screening of yeast with a maize cdna library. one of the selected genes (sat2) appeared to confer elevated tolerance to salt. maize sat ... | 2010 | 19765229 |
| emerging roles of mitochondrial proteases in neurodegeneration. | fine tuning of integrated mitochondrial functions is essential in neurons and rationalizes why mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important pathogenic role in neurodegeneration. mitochondria can contribute to neuronal cell death and axonal dysfunction through a plethora of mechanisms, including low atp levels, increased reactive oxygen species, defective calcium regulation, and impairment of dynamics and transport. recently, mitochondrial proteases in the inner mitochondrial membrane have emerge ... | 2010 | 19664590 |
| lectin-like erad players in er and cytosol. | protein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) is an elaborate process conserved from yeast to mammals, ensuring that only newly synthesized proteins with correct conformations in the er are sorted further into the secretory pathway. it is well known that high-mannose type n-glycans are involved in protein-folding events. in the quality control process, proteins that fail to achieve proper folding or proper assembly are degraded in a process known as er-associated degradation (erad). ... | 2010 | 19665047 |
| alistipes indistinctus sp. nov. and odoribacter laneus sp. nov., common members of the human intestinal microbiota isolated from faeces. | two anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, gram-negative-staining bacteria, strains yit 12060(t) and yit 12061(t), were isolated from human faeces. cells of strain yit 12060(t) were coccoid to rod-shaped with round ends, positive for catalase, negative for indole and oxidase production, produced succinic and acetic acids as end products of glucose metabolism in peptone/yeast extract/glucose medium and had a dna g+c content of 55.2 mol%. the main respiratory quinones were mk-10 (40%) and mk-11 ... | 2010 | 19667375 |
| enhanced protein secretion from multiprotease-deficient fission yeast by modification of its vacuolar protein sorting pathway. | previously, we achieved approximately 30-fold enhanced secretion of the protease-sensitive model protein human growth hormone (hgh) by multiple gene deletion of seven obstructive proteases in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. however, intracellular retention of secretory hgh was found in the resultant multiprotease-deficient strains. as a solution, genetic modification of the intracellular trafficking pathway that is related to intracellular retention of hgh was attempted on a proteas ... | 2010 | 19669754 |
| candidacidal activity of synthetic peptides based on the antimicrobial domain of the neutrophil-derived protein, cap37. | the primary bactericidal domain of cap37, a cationic antimicrobial protein with potent activity against gram-negative organisms was previously shown to reside between amino acids 20 through 44 (nqgrhfcggaliharfvmtaascfq) of the native protein. in this study, we explored the efficacy of four synthetic cap37 peptide analogs, based on this sequence, against various candida species including fluconazole-sensitive and -resistant isolates of c. albicans. three of the peptides demonstrated strong antif ... | 2010 | 19626550 |
| antimicrobial activity of hymenaea martiana towards dermatophytes and cryptococcus neoformans. | the biological activity of crude extract and fractions of hymenaea martiana was evaluated against a panel of human pathogenic fungi. the crude extracts and hydroalcoholic fractions (e) showed a high activity against cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolates with mics between 2 and 64 μg ml(-1). the methanolic (c) and butanolic (d) fractions were the most active against trichopyton rubrum, trichopyton mentagrophytes and microsporum canis with mics between 8 and 256 μg ml(-1). none of the e ... | 2010 | 19563478 |
| soluble cytoplasmic expression, rapid purification, and characterization of cyanovirin-n as a his-sumo fusion. | cyanovirin-n (cvn) is a promising antiviral candidate that has an extremely low sequence homology with any other known proteins. the efficient and soluble expression of biologically functional recombinant cvn (rcvn) is still an obstacle due to insufficient yield, aggregation, and abnormal modification. here, we describe an improved approach to preparing native rcvn from escherichia coli more efficiently. a fusion gene consisting of cvn and sumo (small ubiquitin-related modifier) and a hexahistid ... | 2010 | 19547966 |
| altered gene expression in the werner and bloom syndromes is associated with sequences having g-quadruplex forming potential. | the human werner and bloom syndromes (ws and bs) are caused by deficiencies in the wrn and blm recq helicases, respectively. wrn, blm and their saccharomyces cerevisiae homologue sgs1, are particularly active in vitro in unwinding g-quadruplex dna (g4-dna), a family of non-canonical nucleic acid structures formed by certain g-rich sequences. recently, mrna levels from loci containing potential g-quadruplex-forming sequences (pqs) were found to be preferentially altered in sgs1delta mutants, sugg ... | 2010 | 19966276 |
| yeast strains with n-terminally truncated ribosomal protein s5: implications for the evolution, structure and function of the rps5/rps7 proteins. | ribosomal protein (rp)s5 belongs to the family of the highly conserved rp's that contains rps7 from prokaryotes and rps5 from eukaryotes. alignment of rps5/rps7 from metazoans (homo sapiens), fungi (saccharomyces cerevisiae) and bacteria (escherichia coli) shows that the proteins contain a conserved central/c-terminal core region and possess variable n-terminal regions. yeast rps5 is 69 amino acids (aa) longer than the e. coli rps7 protein; and human rps5 is 48 aa longer than the rps7, respectiv ... | 2010 | 19969550 |
| cloning, yeast expression, purification and biological activity of a truncated form of the soybean 7s globulin alpha' subunit involved in hep g2 cell cholesterol homeostasis. | a truncated form of alpha' chain (talpha'), the soybean 7s globulin subunit previously demonstrated to be active in controlling the cholesterol and triglyceride homeostasis in in vitro and in vivo models, was cloned and expressed in the yeast pichia pastoris. the recombinant polypeptide spanned 216 amino acid residues from the n-terminal side and included the n-terminal extension region of the soybean subunit. the talpha' polypeptide was purified by conventional biochemical techniques, and its p ... | 2010 | 19954942 |
| association of whirlin with cav1.3 (alpha1d) channels in photoreceptors, defining a novel member of the usher protein network. | usher syndrome is the most common form of hereditary deaf-blindness. it is both clinically and genetically heterogeneous. the ush2d protein whirlin interacts via its pdz domains with other usher-associated proteins containing a c-terminal type i pdz-binding motif. these proteins co-localize with whirlin at the region of the connecting cilium and at the synapse of photoreceptor cells. this study was undertaken to identify novel, usher syndrome-associated, interacting partners of whirlin and there ... | 2010 | 19959638 |
| single plasmids expressing human steroid hormone receptors and a reporter gene for use in yeast signaling assays. | single plasmids designed to express the six human type i steroid hormone receptors and detect signaling activity are described in this report. these stably replicating plasmids reported ligand-induced transcriptional activation via lacz assays in baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). the ligand concentrations needed to activate signaling in yeast expressing these plasmids spanned five orders of magnitude as based on comparisons of ec(50) values. radicicol, a direct inhibitor of heat shock pr ... | 2010 | 19962400 |
| role of double-stranded dna translocase activity of human hltf in replication of damaged dna. | unrepaired dna lesions can block the progression of the replication fork, leading to genomic instability and cancer in higher-order eukaryotes. in saccharomyces cerevisiae, replication through dna lesions can be mediated by translesion synthesis dna polymerases, leading to error-free or error-prone damage bypass, or by rad5-mediated template switching to the sister chromatid that is inherently error free. while translesion synthesis pathways are highly conserved from yeast to humans, very little ... | 2010 | 19948885 |
| rack1 promotes breast carcinoma proliferation and invasion/metastasis in vitro and in vivo. | a yeast two-hybrid system was utilized to identify novel pi3k p110alpha-interacting proteins, of which receptor of activated protein kinase c1 (rack1) was chosen for successive detailed analyses. our aim was to investigate the function(s) of rack1 and its involvement in mechanisms of breast carcinoma proliferation and invasion/metastasis. experiments in breast carcinoma cell lines stably transfected with rack1, as well as nude mouse models, showed that rack1 promotes breast carcinoma proliferati ... | 2010 | 19946739 |
| comparative deacetylase activity of wild type and mutants of sirt1. | sirt1, human ortholog of yeast sir2 protein, deacetylates histones and several other transcription factors. recently, sirt1 has emerged as a drug target for treating age related diseases, type ii diabetes, neurodegeneration, inflammation and cancer. here, we have optimized production of functionally active wild type full-length sirt1 protein and its n-terminal deleted mutants. in a comparative study, we found that the region containing 192-208 amino acids towards the n-terminus is critical for r ... | 2010 | 19944070 |
| a genome-wide rna interference screen identifies two novel components of the metazoan secretory pathway. | genetic screens in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae have identified many proteins involved in the secretory pathway, most of which have orthologues in higher eukaryotes. to investigate whether there are additional proteins that are required for secretion in metazoans but are absent from yeast, we used genome-wide rna interference (rnai) to look for genes required for secretion of recombinant luciferase from drosophila s2 cells. this identified two novel components of the secretory pathway that ... | 2010 | 19942856 |
| defining the pathogenesis of the human atp12p w94r mutation using a saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast model. | studies in yeast have shown that a deficiency in atp12p prevents assembly of the extrinsic domain (f(1)) of complex v and renders cells unable to make atp through oxidative phosphorylation. de meirleir et al. (de meirleir, l., seneca, s., lissens, w., de clercq, i., eyskens, f., gerlo, e., smet, j., and van coster, r. (2004) j. med. genet. 41, 120-124) have reported that a homozygous missense mutation in the gene for human atp12p (huatp12p), which replaces trp-94 with arg, was linked to the deat ... | 2010 | 19933271 |
| multiple determinants within iron-responsive elements dictate iron regulatory protein binding and regulatory hierarchy. | iron regulatory proteins (irps) are iron-regulated rna binding proteins that, along with iron-responsive elements (ires), control the translation of a diverse set of mrna with 5' ire. dysregulation of irp action causes disease with etiology that may reflect differential control of ire-containing mrna. ires are defined by a conserved stem-loop structure including a midstem bulge at c8 and a terminal cagugh sequence that forms an agu pseudo-triloop and n19 bulge. c8 and the pseudo-triloop nucleoti ... | 2010 | 19939970 |
| biochemical characterization of human ecdysoneless reveals a role in transcriptional regulation. | ecdysoneless (ecd) is an evolutionarily conserved protein and its function is essential for embryonic development in drosophila and cell growth in yeast. however, its function has remained unknown until recently. studies in yeast suggested a potential role of ecd in transcription; however, ecd lacks a dna-binding domain. using a gal4-luciferase reporter assay and a gal4 dna-binding domain fusion with ecd or its mutants, we present evidence that human ecd has a transactivation activity in its c-t ... | 2010 | 19919181 |
| cyp21-catalyzed production of the long-term urinary metandienone metabolite 17beta-hydroxymethyl-17 alpha-methyl-18-norandrosta-1,4,13-trien-3-one: a contribution to the fight against doping. | anabolic-androgenic steroids are some of the most frequently misused drugs in human sports. recently, a previously unknown urinary metabolite of metandienone, 17beta-hydroxymethyl-17 alpha-methyl-18-norandrosta-1,4,13-trien-3-one (20oh-normd), was discovered via lc-ms/ms and gc-ms. this metabolite was reported to be detected in urine samples up to 19 days after administration of metandienone. however, so far it was not possible to obtain purified reference material of this metabolite and to conf ... | 2010 | 19919183 |
| lc-ms/ms analysis of epoxyalcohols and epoxides of arachidonic acid and their oxygenation by recombinant cyp4f8 and cyp4f22. | cyp4f22 and cyp4f8 are expressed in epidermis, and mutations of cyp4f22 are associated with lamellar ichthyosis. epoxyalcohols (heets) and epoxides (eets) of 20:4n-6 appear to be important for the water permeability barrier of skin. our aim was to study the ms/ms spectra and fragmentation of these compounds and to determine whether they were oxidized by cyp4f22 or cyp4f8 expressed in yeast. heets were prepared from 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-hpete), 12-hpete, and their [(2)h(8)]labe ... | 2010 | 19919823 |
| cohesin promotes the repair of ionizing radiation-induced dna double-strand breaks in replicated chromatin. | the cohesin protein complex holds sister chromatids together after synthesis until mitosis. it also contributes to post-replicative dna repair in yeast and higher eukaryotes and accumulates at sites of laser-induced damage in human cells. our goal was to determine whether the cohesin subunits smc1 and rad21 contribute to dna double-strand break repair in x-irradiated human cells in the g2 phase of the cell cycle. rna interference-mediated depletion of smc1 sensitized hela cells to x-rays. repair ... | 2010 | 19906707 |
| the human c-fos and tnfalpha au-rich elements show different effects on mrna abundance and protein expression depending on the reporter in the yeast pichia pastoris. | au-rich elements (ares) are located in the 3' untranslated region (3' utr) of their host genes and tightly regulate mrna degradation and expression. examples for this kind of regulation are the human proto-oncogene c-fos and the cytokine tnfalpha. despite large effort in this field, the exact mechanism of are-mediated mrna turnover remains unclear. in this work we analysed the effects of c-fos- and tnfalpha ares on mrna abundance and protein expression of selected human cdnas in the yeast pichia ... | 2010 | 19908204 |
| probing the metabolic aberrations underlying mutant huntingtin toxicity in yeast and assessing their degree of preservation in humans and mice. | metabolomics is a powerful multiparameter tool for evaluating phenotypic traits associated with disease processes. we have used (1)h nmr metabolome profiling to characterize metabolic aberrations in a yeast model of huntington's disease that are attributable to the mutant huntingtin protein's gain-of-toxic-function effects. a group of 11 metabolites (alanine, acetate, galactose, glutamine, glycerol, histidine, proline, succinate, threonine, trehalose, and valine) exhibited significant concentrat ... | 2010 | 19908918 |
| identification of novel pten-binding partners: pten interaction with fatty acid binding protein fabp4. | pten is a tumor suppressor with dual protein and lipid-phosphatase activity, which is frequently deleted or mutated in many human advanced cancers. recent studies have also demonstrated that pten is a promising target in type ii diabetes and obesity treatment. using c-terminal pten sequence in peg202-nls as bait, yeast two-hybrid screening on mouse embryo, colon cancer, and hela cdna libraries was carried out. isolated positive clones were validated by mating assay and identified through automat ... | 2010 | 19911253 |
| quantitative in vitro and in vivo characterization of the human p32t mutant itpase. | human itpase, encoded by the itpa gene, and its orthologs (rdgb in escherichia coli and ham1 in saccharomyces cerevisiae) exclude noncanonical nucleoside triphosphates (ntps) from ntp pools. deoxyinosine triphosphate (ditp) and 2'-deoxy-n-6-hydroxylaminopurine triphosphate are both hydrolyzed by itpase to yield the corresponding deoxynucleoside monophosphate and pyrophosphate. in addition, metabolites of thiopurine drugs such as azathioprine have been shown to be substrates for itpase. the itpa ... | 2010 | 19914375 |
| arf antagonizes the ability of miz-1 to inhibit p53-mediated transactivation. | although myc-interacting zinc-finger protein-1 (miz-1) is known to be a poxvirus and zinc-finger (poz) transcription factor required for myc transcriptional repression, additional regulatory function of miz-1 is less well understood. using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified human alternate reading frame (arf) protein as a novel interaction partner of miz-1. the zinc-finger domain of miz-1 is involved in its binding to arf. in addition, we found that miz-1 was able to interact with p53 thro ... | 2010 | 19901969 |
| human sec3 protein is a novel transcriptional and translational repressor of flavivirus. | the flaviviridae family consists of several medically important pathogens such as west nile virus (wnv) and dengue virus (denv). flavivirus capsid (c) protein is a key structural component of virus particles. however, the role of c protein in the pathogenesis of arthropod-borne flaviviruses is poorly understood. to examine whether flavivirus c protein can associate with cellular proteins, and contribute to viral pathogenesis, wnv/denv c protein was screened against a human brain/liver cdna yeast ... | 2010 | 19889084 |
| high-throughput cloning of human liver complete open reading frames using homologous recombination in escherichia coli. | in this article, we describe a high-throughput cloning method, seamless enzyme-free cloning (sefc), which allows one-step assembly of dna fragments in vivo via homologous recombination in escherichia coli. in the method, the desired open reading frame (orf) is amplified by use of orf-specific primers with flanking sequences identical to the two ends of a linearized vector. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) product and the linearized vector are then cotransformed into e. coli cells, where the o ... | 2010 | 19835833 |
| microkit 3.0: an integrated database of midbody, centrosome and kinetochore. | during cell division/mitosis, a specific subset of proteins is spatially and temporally assembled into protein super complexes in three distinct regions, i.e. centrosome/spindle pole, kinetochore/centromere and midbody/cleavage furrow/phragmoplast/bud neck, and modulates cell division process faithfully. although many experimental efforts have been carried out to investigate the characteristics of these proteins, no integrated database was available. here, we present the microkit database (http: ... | 2010 | 19783819 |
| occurrence and distribution of steroids, hormones and selected pharmaceuticals in south florida coastal environments. | the common occurrence of human derived contaminants like pharmaceuticals, steroids and hormones in surface waters has raised the awareness of the role played by the release of treated or untreated sewage in the water quality along sensitive coastal ecosystems. south florida is home of many important protected environments ranging from wetlands to coral reefs which are in close proximity to large metropolitan cities. because, large portions of south florida and most of the florida keys population ... | 2010 | 19779818 |
| elucidating ants in worms using genomic and bioinformatic tools--biotechnological prospects? | adenine nucleotide translocators (ants) belong to the mitochondrial carrier family (mcf) of proteins. atp production and consumption are tightly linked to ants, the kinetics of which have been proposed to play a key regulatory role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. ants are also recognized as a central component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore associated with apoptosis. although ants have been investigated in a range of vertebrates, including human, mouse and cattle, ... | 2010 | 19770033 |
| effects of antifungal agents in sap activity of candida albicans isolates. | some antifungal agents have shown to exert effects on expression of virulent factors of candida as the production of secretory aspartyl proteinase (sap). in this study, we sought to determine and to compare the influence of fluconazole and voriconazole in proteinase activity of this microorganism. thirty-one isolates obtained from oral mucosa of human immunodeficiency virus positive (hiv) patients were used in this study. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of fluconazole and voriconazol ... | 2010 | 19685156 |
| human smad4 is phosphorylated at thr9 and ser138 by interacting with nlk. | smads are important intracellular effectors in signaling pathways of the transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta). receptor-activated smads combine with a common smad4 to translocate into the nucleus where they cooperate with other transcription factors to activate or repress transcription. smad4 is an important tumor suppressor gene. smad4 has been shown to be constitutively phosphorylated, but the kinase that performs this phosphorylation is unknown. in this study, smad4 was identified to in ... | 2010 | 19690946 |
| n- and o-linked oligosaccharides completely lack galactose residues in the gms1och1 mutant of schizosaccharomyces pombe. | unlike their counterparts in budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, the glycoproteins of schizosaccharomyces pombe contain, in addition to alpha-d-mannose (man), a large number of alpha-d-galactose (gal) residues. in both yeasts, large outer chains are attached to the oligosaccharide cores of glycoproteins during export via golgi. formation of the yeast-specific large outer chain is initiated by alpha-1,6-mannosylatransferase encoded by the och1+ gene, the disruption of which blocked outer chai ... | 2010 | 19844703 |
| inhibition of hepatic carnitine palmitoyl-transferase i (cpt ia) by valproyl-coa as a possible mechanism of valproate-induced steatosis. | carnitine palmitoyl-transferase i (cpt i) catalyses the synthesis of long-chain (lc)-acylcarnitines from lc-acyl-coa esters. it is the rate-limiting enzyme of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation (fao) pathway and its activity is regulated by malonyl-coa. the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (vpa) is a branched chain fatty acid that is activated to the respective coa ester in the intra- and extra-mitochondrial compartments. this drug has been associated with a clear inhibition of mitochondria ... | 2010 | 19854160 |
| serms and sarms: detection of their activities with yeast based bioassays. | selective estrogen receptor modulators (serms) and selective androgen receptor modulators (sarms) are compounds that activate their cognate receptor in particular target tissues without affecting other organs. many of these compounds will find their use in therapeutic treatments. however, they also will have a high potential for misuse in veterinary practice and the sporting world. here we demonstrate that yeast estrogen and androgen bioassays can be used to detect serms and sarms, and are also ... | 2010 | 19883760 |
| diagnostic pcr tests for microsporum audouinii, m. canis and trichophyton infections. | since traditional diagnosis of dermatophyte infections is slow, we present a rapid new pcr test for detection of trichophyton spp., microsporum canis and m. audouinii infections. the performance of the test was evaluated with: 58 dermatophyte isolates; 10 yeast, mould and human dna control samples; 25 routine specimens from patients suspected of having dermatophytosis; 10 hair specimens from guinea pigs experimentally infected with m. canis; and two samples from un-infected control animals. dna ... | 2010 | 19886764 |
| molecular characterisation of mek1/2- and mkk3/6-like mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (mapkk) from the fox tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis. | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (mapkks) are essential components of evolutionary conserved signalling modules that regulate a variety of fundamental cellular processes in response to environmental stimuli. to date, no mapkk ortholog has been characterised in free-living or parasitic flatworm species. here, we report the identification and molecular characterisation of two such molecules in the human parasitic cestode echinococcus multilocularis, the causative agent of alveolar echinoco ... | 2010 | 19887070 |
| structure and function of the plaa/ufd3-p97/cdc48 complex. | plaa (ortholog of yeast doa1/ufd3, also know as human plap or phospholipase a2-activating protein) has been implicated in a variety of disparate biological processes that involve the ubiquitin system. it is linked to the maintenance of ubiquitin levels, but the mechanism by which it accomplishes this is unclear. the c-terminal pul (plap, ufd3p, and lub1p) domain of plaa binds p97, an aaa atpase, which among other functions helps transfer ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome for degradation. ... | 2010 | 19887378 |
| it's the data! | three articles from the early years of molecular biology of the cell (mboc) have had remarkably many citations in the literature since their publication approximately 10 years ago. as a coauthor of these articles and the former editor of mboc, i was asked for possible explanations. i believe the answer lies in the unusual nature of these articles: each presents and summarizes gene expression data for nearly every gene in the yeast or human genomes. continuing interest in the data themselves by c ... | 2010 | 20048255 |
| c20orf20 (mrg-binding protein) as a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer. | colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide. using cdna microarray containing 23 040 genes, we earlier investigated gene-expression profiles in 11 colorectal cancers for the purpose of better understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis as well as development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. mrg-binding protein (mrgbp) or c20orf20, encoding a subunit of trrap/tip60-containing histone acetyltransferase complex, was up-regulated in the majority of colo ... | 2010 | 20051959 |
| dna resection in eukaryotes: deciding how to fix the break. | dna double-strand breaks are repaired by different mechanisms, including homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining. dna-end resection, the first step in recombination, is a key step that contributes to the choice of dsb repair. resection, an evolutionarily conserved process that generates single-stranded dna, is linked to checkpoint activation and is critical for survival. failure to regulate and execute this process results in defective recombination and can contribute to human dis ... | 2010 | 20051983 |
| model-guided mutagenesis drives functional studies of human nha2, implicated in hypertension. | human nha2 is a poorly characterized na(+)/h(+) antiporter recently implicated in essential hypertension. we used a range of computational tools and evolutionary conservation analysis to build and validate a three-dimensional model of nha2 based on the crystal structure of a distantly related bacterial transporter, nhaa. the model guided mutagenic evaluation of transport function, ion selectivity, and ph dependence of nha2 by phenotype screening in yeast. we describe a cluster of essential, high ... | 2010 | 20053353 |
| obese and anorexic yeasts: experimental models to understand the metabolic syndrome and lipotoxicity. | lipotoxicity is the pathological consequence of lipid overflow in non-adipose tissue, mediated through reactive lipid moieties which may even lead to lipid-induced cell death (lipoapoptosis). this derailment of cellular and organismal fat homeostasis is the consequence of obesity due to continued over-feeding, and contributes substantially to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, which are all components of the metabolic syndrome. now, does ... | 2010 | 20056167 |
| glutaredoxin participates in the reduction of peroxides by the mitochondrial 1-cys peroxiredoxin in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the mechanism for regeneration of the active-site "peroxidatic" cysteine in 1-cys peroxiredoxins is a matter of debate. saccharomyces cerevisiae prx1 is a mitochondrial enzyme belonging to the 1-cys prx, whereas grx2 is involved in antioxidant defense and localizes at the mitochondria, so we hypothesized that it could be a perfect candidate to resolve the sulfenate in prx1 with gsh. in vitro experiments with purified prx1p and grx2p demonstrate that grx2p, at concentrations <1 microm, coupled to ... | 2010 | 20059400 |
| expression of a foreign epitope on infectious pancreatic necrosis virus vp2 capsid protein subviral particle (svp) and immunogenicity in rainbow trout. | infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) is a major viral pathogen of salmonid fish and causes serious economic losses to salmonid aquaculture. previously, we demonstrated that the ipnv capsid protein, vp2, expressed in yeast self-assembles into subviral particles (svps) and injection of these ipnv rvp2 svps into rainbow trout elicits an immune response. immunized fish had reduced viral loads compared to unimmunized fish when challenged with ipnv. to evaluate the suitability of ipnv rvp2 svps ... | 2010 | 20060858 |
| deletion of candida albicans spt6 is not lethal but results in defective hyphal growth. | as a means to study surface proteins involved in the yeast to hypha transition, human monoclonal antibody fragments (single-chain variable fragments, scfv) have been generated that bind to antigens expressed on the surface of candida albicans yeast and/or hyphae. a cdna expression library was constructed from hyphae, and screened for immunoreactivity with scfv5 as a means to identify its cognate antigen. a reactive clone contained the 3' end of the c. albicans gene, orf 19.7136, designated spt6 ... | 2010 | 20060921 |
| expression and purification of recombinant human inward rectifier k+ (kcnj) channels in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the inward rectifier family of potassium (kcnj) channels regulate vital cellular processes including cell volume, electrical excitability, and insulin secretion. dysfunction of different isoforms have been linked to numerous diseases including bartter's, andersen-tawil, smith-magenis syndromes, type ii diabetes mellitus, and epilepsy, making them important targets for therapeutic intervention. using a family-based approach, we succeeded in expressing 10 of 11 human kcnj channels tested in saccha ... | 2010 | 20064617 |
| structure and function of polarity-inducing kinase family mark/par-1 within the branch of ampk/snf1-related kinases. | kinases of the mark/par-1 family of s/t protein kinases are regulators of diverse cellular processes in caenorhabditis elegans, drosophila, yeast, and mammalian cells. they are involved in nematode embryogenesis, epithelial cell polarization, cell signaling, and neuronal differentiation. mark phosphorylates microtubule-associated proteins such as tau and is a key regulator of microtubule-based intracellular transport. hyperphosphorylation of tau causes defects in neuronal transport and may induc ... | 2010 | 20071654 |
| the sla2p/hip1/hip1r family: similar structure, similar function in endocytosis? | hip1 (huntingtin interacting protein 1) has two close relatives: hip1r (hip1-related) and yeast sla2p. all three members of the family have a conserved domain structure, suggesting a common function. over the past decade, a number of studies have characterized these proteins using a combination of biochemical, imaging, structural and genetic techniques. these studies provide valuable information on binding partners, structure and dynamics of hip1/hip1r/sla2p. in general, all suggest a role in cm ... | 2010 | 20074057 |
| in silico and biological survey of transcription-associated proteins implicated in the transcriptional machinery during the erythrocytic development of plasmodium falciparum. | malaria is the most important parasitic disease in the world with approximately two million people dying every year, mostly due to plasmodium falciparum infection. during its complex life cycle in the anopheles vector and human host, the parasite requires the coordinated and modulated expression of diverse sets of genes involved in epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. however, despite the availability of the complete sequence of the plasmodium falciparum genome, we ar ... | 2010 | 20078850 |
| ageing and eating. | epidemiological studies propose that extension of the human lifespan or the reduction of age associated diseases may be achieved by physical exercise, caloric restriction, and by consumption of certain substances such as resveratrol, selenium, flavonoids, zinc, omega 3 unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins e and c, ginkgobiloba extracts, aspirin, green tea catechins, antioxidants in general, and even by light caffeine or alcohol consumption. though intriguing, these studies only show correlative (no ... | 2010 | 20079384 |
| expression of zebrafish (danio rerio) monoamine oxidase (mao) in pichia pastoris: purification and comparison with human mao a and mao b. | the expression, purification and characterization of zebrafish monoamine oxidase (zmao) using the methylotropic yeast pichia pastoris expression system is described. a 1l fermentation culture of pichia pastoris containing the gene encoding zmao under control of the methanol oxidase promotor expresses approximately 200mg of zmao exhibiting 300 u of total activity. the enzyme is found in the mitochondrial fraction of the expression host and is purified in a 30% yield as a homogenous species with a ... | 2010 | 20079438 |
| a severe human metabolic disease caused by deficiency of the endoplasmatic mannosyltransferase halg11 leads to congenital disorder of glycosylation-ip. | a new type of congenital disorders of glycosylation, designated cdg-ip, is caused by the deficiency of gdp-man:man3glcnac2-pp-dolichol-alpha1,2-mannosyltransferase, encoded by the human ortholog of alg11 from yeast. the patient presented with a multisystemic disorder characterized by muscular hypotonia, seizures, developmental retardation and death at the age of 2 years. the isoelectric focusing pattern of the patient's serum transferrin showed the partial loss of complete n-glycan side chains, ... | 2010 | 20080937 |
| identification of inhibitors of plasmodium falciparum phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase using an enzyme-coupled transmethylation assay. | the phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase, pfpmt, of the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum, a member of a newly identified family of phosphoethanolamine methyltransferases (pmt) found solely in some protozoa, nematodes, frogs, and plants, is involved in the synthesis of the major membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine. pmt enzymes catalyze a three-step s-adenosylmethionine-dependent methylation of the nitrogen atom of phosphoethanolamine to form phosphocholine. in p. falciparum, t ... | 2010 | 20085640 |
| mir-17, mir-19b, mir-20a, and mir-106a are down-regulated in human aging. | aging is a multifactorial process where deterioration of body functions is driven by stochastic damage while counteracted by distinct genetically encoded repair systems. to better understand the genetic component of aging, many studies have addressed the gene and protein expression profiles of various aging model systems engaging different organisms from yeast to human. the recently identified small non-coding mirnas are potent post-transcriptional regulators that can modify the expression of up ... | 2010 | 20089119 |
| bicaudal d1-dependent trafficking of human cytomegalovirus tegument protein pp150 in virus-infected cells. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) virion assembly takes place in the nucleus and cytoplasm of infected cells. the hcmv virion tegument protein pp150 (ppul32) is an essential protein of hcmv and has been suggested to play a role in the cytoplasmic phase of hcmv assembly. to further define its role in viral assembly and to identify host cell proteins that interact with pp150 during viral assembly, we utilized yeast two-hybrid analyses to detect an interaction between pp150 and bicaudal d1 (bicd1), a pr ... | 2010 | 20089649 |
| dietary restriction and aging, 2009. | dietary restriction (dr) is a robust nongenetic, nonpharmacological intervention that is known to increase active and healthy lifespan in a variety of species. despite a variety of differences in the protocols and the way dr is carried out in different species, conserved relationships are emerging among multiple species. 2009 saw the field of dr mature with important mechanistic insights from multiple species. a report of lifespan extension in rapamycin-treated mice suggested that the tor pathwa ... | 2010 | 20096035 |
| srs2: the "odd-job man" in dna repair. | homologous recombination plays a key role in the maintenance of genome integrity, especially during dna replication and the repair of double-stranded dna breaks (dsbs). just a single un-repaired break can lead to aneuploidy, genetic aberrations or cell death. dsbs are caused by a vast number of both endogenous and exogenous agents including genotoxic chemicals or ionizing radiation, as well as through replication of a damaged template dna or the replication fork collapse. it is essential for cel ... | 2010 | 20096651 |
| role of yeast rad5 and its human orthologs, hltf and shprh in dna damage tolerance. | in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, the rad6-rad18 dna damage tolerance pathway constitutes a major defense system against replication fork blocking dna lesions. the rad6-rad18 ubiquitin-conjugating/ligase complex governs error-free and error-prone translesion synthesis by specialized dna polymerases, as well as an error-free rad5-dependent postreplicative repair pathway. for facilitating replication through dna lesions, translesion synthesis polymerases copy directly from the damaged templat ... | 2010 | 20096653 |
| intestinal barrier gene variants may not explain the increased levels of antigliadin antibodies, suggesting other mechanisms than altered permeability. | various genes may influence intestinal barrier function, including magi2, myo9b, and pard3, which are associated with celiac disease. because direct measurement of intestinal permeability is difficult, antibodies against gliadin (aga) and baker's yeast (anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies [asca]) can be used as an indirect test. the objective of this study was to investigate whether intestinal permeability, represented by aga, was correlated with magi2, myo9b, and pard3. analyses were perfo ... | 2010 | 20096742 |
| imp dehydrogenase is recruited to the transcription complex through serine 2 phosphorylation of rna polymerase ii. | imp dehydrogenase (impdh) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine, namely the oxidation of imp to xmp with a concomitant reduction of nad+. in saccharomyces cerevisiae, a family of four closely-related genes, imd1, imd2 (also known as pur5), imd3, and imd4, encodes the putative impdh. although impdh synthesizes guanine in the cytoplasm, it has also been found in the nucleus, where it associates with nucleic acids in human cells. here, we further show that impdh is re ... | 2010 | 20097157 |
| the dna binding and 3'-end preferential activity of human tyrosyl-dna phosphodiesterase. | human tyrosyl-dna phosphodiesterase (tdp1) processes 3'-blocking lesions, predominantly 3'-phosphotyrosyl bonds resulting from the trapping of topoisomerase i (top1) cleavage complexes. the controversial ability of yeast tdp1 to hydrolyze 5'-phosphotyrosyl linkage between topoisomerase ii (top2) and dna raises the question whether human tdp1 possesses 5'-end processing activity. here we characterize the end-binding and cleavage preference of human tdp1 using single-stranded 5'- and 3'-fluorescei ... | 2010 | 20097655 |
| elevated levels of the polo kinase cdc5 override the mec1/atr checkpoint in budding yeast by acting at different steps of the signaling pathway. | checkpoints are surveillance mechanisms that constitute a barrier to oncogenesis by preserving genome integrity. loss of checkpoint function is an early event in tumorigenesis. polo kinases (plks) are fundamental regulators of cell cycle progression in all eukaryotes and are frequently overexpressed in tumors. through their polo box domain, plks target multiple substrates previously phosphorylated by cdks and mapks. in response to dna damage, plks are temporally inhibited in order to maintain th ... | 2010 | 20098491 |
| heterologous expression of human membrane receptors in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. | due to their implication in numerous diseases like cancer, cystic fibrosis, epilepsy, hyperinsulinism, heart failure, hypertension, and alzheimer disease, membrane proteins (mps) represent around 50% of drug targets. however, only 204 crystal structures of mps have been solved. structural analysis requires large quantities of pure and active proteins. the majority of medically and pharmaceutically relevant mps are present in tissues at low concentration, which makes heterologous expression in la ... | 2010 | 20099141 |
| enhancement of cisplatin sensitivity by nsc109268 in budding yeast and human cancer cells is associated with inhibition of s-phase progression. | nsc109268 has been described previously as inhibitor of proteasomal degradation and of phosphatase 2calpha. in a yeast screen, we isolated nsc109268 as an agent altering sensitivity to dna-damaging agents. we found that nsc109268 and the related compound nsc109272 enhance cellular sensitivity to cis- and transplatin but reduce sensitivity to nitrogen mustard. we explored if similar effects could be found in human cancer cells and if cell cycle analysis could hint at the underlying molecular mech ... | 2010 | 20101404 |
| functional overlap between the structure-specific nucleases yen1 and mus81-mms4 for dna-damage repair in s. cerevisiae. | in eukaryotic cells, multiple dna repair mechanisms respond to a wide variety of dna lesions. homologous recombination-dependent repair provides a pathway for dealing with dna double-strand breaks and replication fork demise. a key step in this process is the resolution of recombination intermediates such as holliday junctions (hjs). recently, nucleases from yeast (yen1) and human cells (gen1) were identified that can resolve hj intermediates, in a manner analogous to the e. coli hj resolvase ru ... | 2010 | 20106725 |
| release of interleukins 6 and 8 induced by zymosan and mediated by map kinase and nf-kappab signaling pathways in human corneal fibroblasts. | zymosan is derived from the cell wall of yeast and induces immune responses associated with fungal infection. the effects of zymosan on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules and on the activity of signaling pathways were examined in cultured human corneal fibroblasts. | 2010 | 20107167 |
| nmr assignments of a stable processing intermediate of human frataxin. | frataxin, a nuclear encoded protein targeted to the mitochondrial matrix, has recently been implicated as an iron chaperone that delivers fe(ii) to the iron-sulfur assembly enzyme isu. during transport across the mitochondrial membrane, the n-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence of frataxin is cleaved in a two-step process to produce the "mature" protein found within the matrix; however, n-terminally extended forms of the protein have also been observed in vivo as a result of processing def ... | 2010 | 20108066 |
| conservation of protein kinase a catalytic subunit sequences in the schistosome pathogens of humans. | camp-dependent protein kinases (pkas) are central mediators of camp signaling in eukaryotic cells. previously we identified a cdna which encodes for a pka catalytic subunit (pka-c) in schistosoma mansoni (smpka-c) that is required for adult schistosome viability in vitro. as such, smpka-c could potentially represent a novel schistosome chemotherapeutic target. here we sought to identify pka-c subunit orthologues in the other medically important schistosome species, schistosoma haematobium and sc ... | 2010 | 20109453 |
| interaction of saccharomyces boulardii with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium protects mice and modifies t84 cell response to the infection. | salmonella pathogenesis engages host cells in two-way biochemical interactions: phagocytosis of bacteria by recruitment of cellular small gtp-binding proteins induced by the bacteria, and by triggering a pro-inflammatory response through activation of mapks and nuclear translocation of nf-kappab. worldwide interest in the use of functional foods containing probiotic bacteria for health promotion and disease prevention has increased significantly. saccharomyces boulardii is a non-pathogenic yeast ... | 2010 | 20111723 |
| rna turnover in human mitochondria: more questions than answers? | protein complexes responsible for rna degradation play important role in three key aspects of rna metabolism: they control stability of physiologically functional transcripts, remove the unnecessary rna processing intermediates and destroy aberrantly formed rnas. in mitochondria the post-transcriptional events seem to play a major role in regulation of gene expression, therefore rna turnover is of particular importance. despite many years of research, the details of this process are still a chal ... | 2010 | 20117077 |
| contamination with retinoic acid receptor agonists in two rivers in the kinki region of japan. | this study was conducted to investigate the agonistic activity against human retinoic acid receptor (rar) alpha in the lake biwa-yodo river and the ina river in the kinki region of japan. to accomplish this, a yeast two-hybrid assay was used to elucidate the spatial and temporal variations and potential sources of raralpha agonist contamination in the river basins. raralpha agonistic activity was commonly detected in the surface water samples collected along two rivers at different periods, with ... | 2010 | 20117817 |
| the role of mrh domain-containing lectins in erad. | the endoplasmic reticulum (er) quality control system ensures that newly synthesized proteins in the early secretory pathway are in the correct conformation. polypeptides that have failed to fold into native conformers are subsequently retrotranslocated and degraded by the cytosolic ubiquitin-proteasome system, a process known as endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (erad). most of the polypeptides that enter the er are modified by the addition of n-linked oligosaccharides, and quality c ... | 2010 | 20118070 |
| sterol regulatory element binding proteins in fungi: hypoxic transcription factors linked to pathogenesis. | sterol regulatory element binding proteins (srebps) are membrane-bound transcription factors whose proteolytic activation is controlled by the cellular sterol concentration. mammalian srebps are activated in cholesterol-depleted cells and serve to regulate cellular lipid homeostasis. recent work demonstrates that srebp is functionally conserved in fungi. while the ability to respond to sterols is conserved, fungal srebps are hypoxic transcription factors required for adaptation to a low-oxygen e ... | 2010 | 20118213 |
| a conserved threonine residue in the juxtamembrane domain of the xa21 pattern recognition receptor is critical for kinase autophosphorylation and xa21-mediated immunity. | despite the key role that pattern recognition receptors (prrs) play in regulating immunity in plants and animals, the mechanism of activation of the associated non-arginine-aspartate (non-rd) kinases is unknown. the rice prr xa21 recognizes the pathogen-associated molecular pattern, ax21 (activator of xa21-mediated immunity). here we show that the xa21 juxtamembrane (jm) domain is required for kinase autophosphorylation. threonine 705 in the xa21 jm domain is essential for xa21 autophosphorylati ... | 2010 | 20118235 |
| wild-type and hupki (human p53 knock-in) murine embryonic fibroblasts: p53/arf pathway disruption in spontaneous escape from senescence. | research on cell senescence and immortalization of murine embryonic fibroblasts (mefs) has revealed important clues about genetic control of senescence in humans. to investigate senescence and genetic alterations in the p53 pathway that lead to senescence bypass in culture, we compared the behavior of mefs from wild-type mice with mefs from hupki mice, which harbor a humanized p53 gene. we found that humanizing the p53 gene in mice preserved major features of the mef senescence/immortalization p ... | 2010 | 20118236 |
| cleavage of zearalenone by trichosporon mycotoxinivorans to a novel nonestrogenic metabolite. | zearalenone (zon) is a potent estrogenic mycotoxin produced by several fusarium species most frequently on maize and therefore can be found in food and animal feed. since animal production performance is negatively affected by the presence of zon, its detoxification in contaminated plant material or by-products of bioethanol production would be advantageous. microbial biotransformation into nontoxic metabolites is one promising approach. in this study the main transformation product of zon forme ... | 2010 | 20118365 |
| crystal structures of saccharomyces cerevisiae tryptophanyl-trna synthetase: new insights into the mechanism of tryptophan activation and implications for anti-fungal drug design. | specific activation of amino acids by aminoacyl-trna synthetases is essential for maintaining translational fidelity. here, we present crystal structures of saccharomyces cerevisiae tryptophanyl-trna synthetase (strprs) in apo form and in complexes with various ligands. in each complex, there is a sulfate ion bound at the active site which mimics the alpha- or beta-phosphate group of atp during tryptophan activation. in particular, in one monomer of the strprs-trpnh(2)o complex, the sulfate ion ... | 2010 | 20123733 |
| structures of human mst3 kinase in complex with adenine, adp and mn2+. | the mst family is a subclass of mammalian serine/threonine kinases that are related to the yeast sterile-20 protein and are implicated in regulating cell growth and transformation. the mst3 protein contains a 300-residue catalytic domain and a 130-residue regulatory domain, which can be cleaved by caspase and activated by autophosphorylation, promoting apoptosis. here, five crystal structures of the catalytic domain of mst3 are presented, including a complex with adp and manganese, a unique cofa ... | 2010 | 20124694 |
| manganese-induced trafficking and turnover of the cis-golgi glycoprotein gpp130. | manganese is an essential element that is also neurotoxic at elevated exposure. however, mechanisms regulating mn homeostasis in mammalian cells are largely unknown. because increases in cytosolic mn induce rapid changes in the localization of proteins involved in regulating intracellular mn concentrations in yeast, we were intrigued to discover that low concentrations of extracellular mn induced rapid redistribution of the mammalian cis-golgi glycoprotein golgi phosphoprotein of 130 kda (gpp130 ... | 2010 | 20130081 |
| rvb1-rvb2: essential atp-dependent helicases for critical complexes. | rvb1 and rvb2 are highly conserved, essential aaa+ helicases found in a wide range of eukaryotes. the versatility of these helicases and their central role in the biology of the cell is evident from their involvement in a wide array of critical cellular complexes. rvb1 and rvb2 are components of the chromatin-remodeling complexes ino80, swr-c, and baf. they are also members of the histone acetyltransferase tip60 complex, and the recently identified r2tp complex present in saccharomyces cerevisia ... | 2010 | 20130677 |
| dnaa, orc, and cdc6: similarity beyond the domains of life and diversity. | to initiate chromosomal dna replication, specific proteins bind to the replication origin region and form multimeric and dynamic complexes. bacterial dnaa, the eukaryotic origin recognition complex (orc), and cdc6 proteins, most of which include an aaa+(-like) motif, play crucial roles in replication initiation. the importance of atp binding and hydrolysis in these proteins has recently become recognized. atp binding of escherichia coli dnaa is required for the formation of the activated form of ... | 2010 | 20130679 |
| mutation of his 834 in human anion exchanger 1 affects substrate binding. | anion exchanger 1 (ae1 or band 3) is responsible for cl(-)-hco3(-) exchange on erythrocyte membrane. previously, we showed that band 3 is fixed in an inward-facing conformation by specific modification of his 834 with depc, resulting in a strong inhibition of its anion transport activity. to clarify the physiological role of his 834, we evaluated the sulfate transport activities of various band 3 mutants: different mutants at his 834 and alanine mutants of peripheral residues around 834 (lys 829 ... | 2010 | 20132789 |
| challenges of steroid biotransformation with human cytochrome p450 monooxygenase cyp21 using resting cells of recombinant schizosaccharomyces pombe. | since cytochrome p450 monooxygenases enable the regio- and stereo-selective hydroxylation of c-h bonds, they are of outstanding interest for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. nevertheless, for industrial applications of such enzymes, e.g., steroid hydroxylation, several challenges like cofactor and oxygen supply, limited stability and activity, or low substrate solubility have to be overcome. to identify the limiting factors in a p450 catalyzed whole cell biotransformation, 21 ... | 2010 | 20132843 |