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molecular cloning, characterization, expression and antibacterial analysis of a lysozyme homologue from fenneropenaeus merguiensis.the gene coding for lysozyme in banana prawn (fenneropenaeus merguiensis) was cloned, sequenced and expressed in pet-32a vector. the deduced amino acid sequence of f. merguiensis lysozyme showed 37-93% similarity with the mouse, human, chicken, and tiger prawn counterparts. the lysozyme was purified to homogeneity and observed as a band of approximately 15 kda in 12% sds-page. semiquantitative rt-pcr analysis demonstrated that mrna transcripts of lysozyme could be mainly detected in the tissues ...200918798009
identification of a c-type lectin from the bay scallop argopecten irradians.c-type lectins are ca(2+) dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins that play crucial roles in the invertebrate innate immunity, such as nonself recognition, activation of propo system, antibacterial activity, promotion of phagocytosis and nodule formation. in this study, a novel c-type lectin of bay scallops argopecten irradians (ai lec) was identified using expressed sequence tag (est) and race techniques. the ai lec cdna encoded a polypeptide of 171 amino acids with a putative signal peptid ...200918622759
synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of co(ii), zn(ii) and cd(ii) complexes with n-benzyloxycarbonyl-s-phenylalanine.in this paper the first complexes of m(2+) ions (m(2+) = zn(2+), cd(2+) and co(2+)) with n-benzyloxycarbonyl-s-phenylalaninato ligand (1-3) are described. the new complexes were characterized by means of elemental analysis, ir and uv-vis spectroscopy, molar conductivity measurements and (1)h, (13)c and (15)n nmr spectroscopy (1d and 2d). the co(ii) complex adopts an octahedral geometry, and the zn(ii) and cd(ii) complexes adopt a tetrahedral one. for the first time, the antimicrobial activity of ...200918760509
structure and applications of a rhamnolipid surfactant produced in soybean oil waste.soybean oil soapstock was utilized as an alternative carbon source for the production of rhamnolipids by pseudomonas aeruginosa lbi strain. the chemical composition and properties of the rhamnolipid mixture obtained were determined to define its potential applications. the chemical characterization of the rhamnolipid has revealed the presence of ten different homologues. the monorhamnolipid rhac10c1) and the dirhamnolipid rha2c10c10 were the main components of the mixture that showed predominanc ...201019649781
screening of some kenyan medicinal plants for antibacterial activity.eleven medicinal plants used by traditional healers in machakos and kitui district were screened, namely: ajuga remota benth, aloe secundiflora engl, amaranthus hybridus l, cassia didymobotrya fes, croton macrostachyus del, entada leptostachya harms, erythrina abyssinica dc, harrisonia abyssinica oliv, schkuhria pinnata o. ktze, terminalia kilimandscharica engl and ziziphus abyssinica hochst for potential antibacterial activity against four medically important bacterial strains, namely: bacillus ...201019548257
agrococcus terreus sp. nov. and micrococcus terreus sp. nov., isolated from forest soil.two bacterial strains, dng5t and v3m1t, isolated from forest soil of the changbai mountains in china, were characterized using a polyphasic approach. analysis of their 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that strains dng5t and v3m1t were phylogenetically related to members of the genus agrococcus (96.0-98.4% similarity) and micrococcus (96.7-98.0% similarity), respectively, within the order actinomycetales. strains dng5t and v3m1t were gram-stain-positive and strictly aerobic and formed yellow col ...201019783614
nitric oxide is an essential component of the hemocyte-mediated mosquito immune response against bacteria.nitric oxide is a signaling and immune effector molecule synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase. in mosquitoes, nitric oxide functions as a parasite antagonist in the midgut but little is known about its function in the hemocoel. here, we characterized the temporal and spatial expression of the anopheles gambiae nitric oxide synthase gene and explored the role nitric oxide plays in the antibacterial response in the mosquito hemocoel. quantitative pcr and western blot analyses showed tha ...201019733588
metabolism of azo dyes by human skin microbiota.reduction of methyl red (mr) and orange ii (or ii) by 26 human skin bacterial species was monitored by a rapid spectrophotometric assay. the analysis indicated that skin bacteria, representing the genera staphylococcus, corynebacterium, micrococcus, dermacoccus and kocuria, were able to reduce mr by 74-100 % in 24 h, with only three species unable to reduce completely the dye in that time. among the species tested, only corynebacterium xerosis was unable to reduce or ii to any degree by 24 h, an ...201019729456
structural changes and cellular localization of resuscitation-promoting factor in environmental isolates of micrococcus luteus.dormancy among nonsporulating actinobacteria is now a widely accepted phenomenon. in micrococcus luteus, the resuscitation of dormant cells is caused by a small secreted protein (resuscitation-promoting factor, or rpf) that is found in "spent culture medium." rpf is encoded by a single essential gene in m. luteus. homologs of rpf are widespread among the high g + c gram-positive bacteria, including mycobacteria and streptomycetes, and most organisms make several functionally redundant proteins. ...201019730766
the involvement of suppressors of cytokine signaling 2 (socs2) in immune defense responses of chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis.the suppressors of cytokine signaling 2 (socs2) has been identified as negative feedback inhibitors for various cytokines signaling via the jak/stat pathway. in the present studies, the cdna of eriocheir sinensis socs2 (designated as essocs2) was cloned by expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the full-length cdna of essocs2 was of 2535bp, consisting of an open reading frame (a orf) of 1071bp encoding a polypeptide of 357 amino acids. the deduced am ...201019686773
bacteria with dual resistance to elevated concentrations of heavy metals and antibiotics in nigerian contaminated systems.samples of soil, water, and sediments from industrial estates in lagos were collected and analyzed for heavy metals and physicochemical composition. bacteria that are resistant to elevated concentrations of metals (cd(2+), co(2+), ni(2+), cr(6+), and hg(2+)) were isolated from the samples, and they were further screened for antibiotic sensitivity. the minimum tolerance concentrations (mtcs) of the isolates with dual resistance to the metals were determined. the physicochemistry of all the sample ...201019688604
arsenite tolerance and biotransformation potential in estuarine bacteria.bacterial isolates from water and sediment samples from freshwater, estuarine and marine regions were tested for their growth in the presence of different concentrations of arsenic. despite the generation times being longer in case of all bacterial isolates tested in nutrient broth with 200 ppm arsenite (as(3+)), many of them were able to attain log phase and substantial growth variously between 36 and 96 h. the isolates tolerating >or=200 ppm arsenic (as) were found to belong to enterobacteriac ...201019834801
immune parameters in the humoral fluids of amphioxus branchiostoma belcheri challenged with vibrio alginolyticus.the knowledge concerning the humoral immunity is scarce in amphioxus branchiostoma belcheri. this study measured the humoral parameters including lysozyme, antimicrobial activity, microbial agglutinin and haemagglutinin in amphioxus humoral fluids before and after vibrio alginolyticus challenge. after challenged with v. alginolyticus, the lysozyme activity, growth inhibiting activities against escherichia coli and v. alginolyticus and microbial agglutinating activities against micrococcus lysode ...201019800008
first report of linear megaplasmids in the genus micrococcus.high-altitude wetlands (above 4200m) in the northwest of argentina are considered pristine and extreme environments. micrococcus sp. a1, h5, and v7, isolated from such environments, were shown to contain linear megaplasmids, designated plma1, plmh5, and plmv7, respectively. as known from linear plasmids of other actinomycetes, all three plasmids were resistant to lambda exonuclease treatment, which is consistent with having terminal proteins covalently attached to their 5' dna ends. electrophore ...201019850076
moraxella catarrhalis bacteraemia associated with prosthetic vascular graft infection.moraxella catarrhalis, formerly called branhamella catarrhalis, 'neisseria catarrhalis' or 'micrococcus catarrhalis', is a gram-negative, aerobic diplococcus frequently found as a colonizer of the upper respiratory tract. over the last 20-30 years, this bacterium has emerged as a genuine pathogen, and is now considered an important cause of otitis media in children and an aetiological agent in pneumonia in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. however, bacteraemia due to m. catarrha ...201019850707
cloning and functional characterization of a new antimicrobial peptide gene stct1 from the venom of the scorpion scorpiops tibetanus.scorpion has an innovative venom gland, which is an important determinant in contributing to its successful survival for more than 400 million years. scorpion venom contains a diversity of bioactive peptides, which represent a tremendous hitherto unexplored resource for use in drug design and development. here, stct1, a new antimicrobial peptide gene, was screened and isolated from the venomous gland cdna library of the scorpion scorpiops tibetanus. the full-length cdna of stct1 is 369 nucleotid ...201019854232
static magnetic field exposure fails to affect the viability of different bacteria strains.the viability of the microbes saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus circulans, escherichia coli, micrococcus luteus, pseudomonas fluorescens, salmonella enteritidis, serratia marcescens, and staphylococcus aureus was tested under static magnetic field exposure up to 24 h in either a homogeneous (159.2 +/- 13.4 mt) or three types of inhomogeneous static magnetic fields: (i) peak-to-peak magnetic flux density 476.7 +/- 0.1 mt with a lateral magnetic flux density gradient of 47.7 t/m, (ii) 12.0 +/- 0. ...201019821495
assessment of microbiological indoor air quality in an italian office building equipped with an hvac system.the purpose of this study was to evaluate the level and composition of bacteria and fungi in the indoor air of an italian office building equipped with a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (hvac) system. airborne bacteria and fungi were collected in three open-space offices during different seasons. the microbial levels in the outdoor air, supply air diffusers, fan coil air flow and air treatment unit humidification water tank were used to evaluate the influence of the hvac system on indo ...201019224384
purification and characterization of enterocin lr/6, a bacteriocin from enterococcus faecium lr/6.enterocin lr/6, a bacteriocin obtained from the culture filtrate of enterococcus faecium strain lr/6, has been purified to homogeneity using ammonium sulfate precipitation, cation-exchange chromatography, gel-filtration, and checked on reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. it is active at high temperatures (boiling as well as autoclaving) and over a wide range of ph (2.0-8.0). also, it is sensitive to a number of proteolytic enzymes but is stable in the presence of surfactants an ...201019277483
evaluation of probiotic characteristics of siderophoregenic bacillus spp. isolated from dairy waste.siderophoregenic bacillus strain det9 has been selectively isolated from dairy waste. it was evaluated for probiotic characteristics and susceptibility pattern against antibiotics. its spores showed excellent tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions and exhibited antimicrobial activity against organisms such as escherichia coli, micrococcus flavus, and staphylococcus aureus. its susceptibility to antibiotics reduces the prospect to donate resistance determinants if administered i ...201019280126
indoor and outdoor airborne bacteria in child day-care centers in edirne city (turkey), seasonal distribution and influence of meteorological factors.this paper presents information about airborne mesophilic bacteria in the indoor and outdoor air of child day-care centers (cdccs) in the city of edirne, turkey. air samples were collected using the petri plate gravitational settling method from the indoor and outdoor air of cdccs. counts of airborne bacteria were measured as colony forming units (cfu) collected by gravity onto brain heart infusion agar plates (with 5% sheep blood). samples were taken monthly over a period of 12 months between j ...201019404760
antineoplastic agents. 573. isolation and structure of papilistatin from the papilionid butterfly byasa polyeuctes termessa.bioassay-guided separation of an extract of the wings from a taiwan butterfly, byasa polyeuctes termessa, allowed isolation of a new cancer cell growth inhibitor designated papilistatin (1a). the structure was determined by analysis of 1d and 2d nmr spectra and by hrms. against a panel of six human and the murine p388 leukemia cancer cell lines, papilistatin exhibited cancer cell growth inhibition with gi(50)'s of 0.093-3.5 microg/ml. papilistatin was also found to have antibacterial activity.201020085286
expression of mytilus immune genes in response to experimental challenges varied according to the site of collection.mussels live in diverse coastal environments experience various physical, chemical and biological conditions, which they counteract with functional adjustments and heritable adaptive changes. in order to investigate possible differences in immune system capabilities, we analyzed by qpcr the expression levels of 4 immune genes (defensin, mytilin b, myticin b, lysozyme) and hsp70 in the mediterranean mussel, mytilus galloprovincialis collected in 3 european farming areas {atlantic ocean-ría de vig ...201020045066
crystal structure of salt-tolerant glutaminase from micrococcus luteus k-3 in the presence and absence of its product l-glutamate and its activator tris.glutaminase from micrococcus luteus k-3 [micrococcus glutaminase (mglu); 456 amino acid residues (aa); 48 kda] is a salt-tolerant enzyme. our previous study determined the structure of its major 42-kda fragment. here, using new crystallization conditions, we determined the structures of the intact enzyme in the presence and absence of its product l-glutamate and its activator tris, which activates the enzyme by sixfold. with the exception of a 'lid' part (26-29 aa) and a few other short stretche ...201020050917
discorhabdins from the korean marine sponge sceptrella sp.two new pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids of the discorhabdin class, along with 12 compounds including one previously described synthetic derivative of the same and related skeletal classes, were isolated from the sponge sceptrella sp., collected from gageodo, korea. the structures of these new compounds, designated as (-)-3-dihydrodiscorhabdin d (11) and (-)-discorhabdin z (12), were determined by combined spectroscopic analyses. compound 12 possesses an unusual hemiaminal group among the discorhab ...201020055495
genes involved in long-chain alkene biosynthesis in micrococcus luteus.aliphatic hydrocarbons are highly appealing targets for advanced cellulosic biofuels, as they are already predominant components of petroleum-based gasoline and diesel fuels. we have studied alkene biosynthesis in micrococcus luteus atcc 4698, a close relative of sarcina lutea (now kocuria rhizophila), which 4 decades ago was reported to biosynthesize iso- and anteiso-branched, long-chain alkenes. the underlying biochemistry and genetics of alkene biosynthesis were not elucidated in those studie ...201020038703
cem-101, a novel fluoroketolide: antimicrobial activity against a diverse collection of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.cem-101 is a novel fluoroketolide with reported high potency against diverse groups of gram-positive (micrococcus spp., viridans group streptococci, corynebacterium spp. listeria monocytogenes, clostridium spp., etc.) and gram-negative bacteria (neisseria gonorrhoeae, campylobacter jejuni, helicobacter pylori, bacteroides fragilis, shigella spp., etc.), including mycoplasma and ureaplasma, as well as bacteria commonly associated with community-acquired respiratory tract infections and skin and s ...201020022192
purification and characterization of vanillin dehydrogenases from alkaliphile micrococcus sp. ta1 and neutrophile burkholderia cepacia tm1.vanillin dehydrogenases (vdhs) were purified and characterized from two bacterial strains that have different ph dependencies for growth. the alkaliphile micrococcus sp. ta1, isolated from an alkaline spa, can grow on several aromatic compounds such as ferulic acid, vanillin, vanillic acid, and protocatechuic acid under alkaline conditions. the neutrophile burkholderia cepacia tm1, which was isolated previously, also grew on the above-mentioned compounds because they functioned as the sole carbo ...201020002191
production of a class ii two-component lantibiotic of streptococcus pneumoniae using the class i nisin synthetic machinery and leader sequence.recent studies showed that the nisin modification machinery can successfully dehydrate serines and threonines and introduce lanthionine rings in small peptides that are fused to the nisin leader sequence. this opens up exciting possibilities to produce and engineer larger antimicrobial peptides in vivo. here we demonstrate the exploitation of the class i nisin production machinery to generate, modify, and secrete biologically active, previously not-yet-isolated and -characterized class ii two-co ...201020100873
profile and frequency of microbial contamination of contact lens cases.purpose.: to evaluate the frequency level and profile of contact lens storage case contamination in asymptomatic contact lens wearers and to examine whether different areas of the same lens case may show a different rate and profile of contamination. the relationship between lens storage case contamination and the age of the lens storage case was also examined. methods.: sixty-four lens cases and case age information were collected from asymptomatic contact lens wearers. lens cases were sampled ...201020101194
isolation and characterization of sap and crp, two pentraxins from pangasianodon (pangasius) hypophthalmus.from the serum of pangasianodon hypophthalmus, two proteins were isolated by affinity chromatography on sepharose and phosphorylcholine-sepharose. their binding on the affinity matrices critically depends on the presence of ca2+ ions. n-terminal sequencing and sequencing of internal tryptic peptides identified the proteins as pentraxins and from their binding properties they are identified as sap (serum amyloid p component) and crp (c-reactive protein). per ml serum, 36 microg sap and 56 microg ...201020109557
speciation of gram-positive bacteria in fresh and ambient-stored sub-tropical marine fish.this study identified gram-positive bacteria in three sub-tropical marine fish species; pseudocaranx dentex (silver trevally), pagrus auratus (snapper) and mugil cephalus (sea mullet). it further elucidated the role played by fish habitat, fish body part and ambient storage on the composition of the gram-positive bacteria. a total of 266 isolates of gram-positive bacteria were identified by conventional biochemical methods, vitek, pcr using genus- and species-specific primers and/or 16s rrna gen ...201020110133
monitoring the effects of chiral pharmaceuticals on aquatic microorganisms by metabolic fingerprinting.the effects of the chiral pharmaceuticals atenolol and propranolol on pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas aeruginosa, micrococcus luteus, and blastomonas natatoria were investigated. the growth dynamics of exposed cultures were monitored using a bioscreen instrument. in addition, fourier-transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy with appropriate chemometrics and high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) were employed in order to investigate the phenotypic changes and possible degradation of the dr ...201020118361
expression of acc-royalisin gene from royal jelly of chinese honeybee in escherichia coli and its antibacterial activity.royalisin is an antibacterial peptide found in royal jelly. two gene fragments of chinese honeybee (apis cerana cerana) head, 280 bp cdna encoding pre-pro-acc-royalisin (ppar) of 95 amino acid residues, and 165 bp cdna encoding mature acc-royalisin (mar) of 51 amino acid residues were cloned into the pgex-4t-2 vector. they were then transformed individually into escherichia coli for expression. two expressed fusion proteins, glutathione s-transferase (gst)-ppar of 36 kda and gst-mar of 32 kda we ...201020121109
molecular characterization and expression of a crustin-like gene from chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis.crustin is a cysteine-rich antibacterial peptide which widely distributes within decapod crustaceans. in the present study, the cdna encoding crustin-like peptide (designated cruses) was cloned from chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis by using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches and expressed sequence tag analysis. the full-length cdna of cruses was of 796bp, containing a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 214bp, a 3' utr of 267bp with a poly(a) tail, and an open reading frame (or ...201020144896
cost-effective modification of a commercial pcr assay for detection of methicillin-resistant or -susceptible staphylococcus aureus in positive blood cultures.real-time detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and methicillin-susceptible s. aureus (mssa) in cases of clinical bacteremia may promote appropriate antimicrobial therapy and infection control. expense inherent to molecular diagnostics may prevent laboratories from utilizing real-time pcr for this purpose. bd geneohm staphsr assay master mix was reconstituted and aliquoted into smartcycler tubes in 25-mul volumes (freshly reconstituted master mix), with a portion being ...201020147649
spectrum of activity, mutation rates, synergistic interactions, and the effects of ph and serum proteins for fusidic acid (cem-102).fusidic acid (cem-102) is a steroidal antimicrobial agent with focused gram-positive activity that acts by preventing bacterial protein synthesis via interacting with elongation factor g. a collection of 114 wild-type isolates (> 80 species) was used to define the contemporary limits of fusidic acid spectrum against gram-positive and gram-negative species. reference broth microdilution and anaerobic agar dilution methods were performed. modifications of standardized test methods included adding ...201020159376
antimicrobial and antileishmanial studies of novel (2e)-3-(2-chloro-6-methyl/methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-1-(aryl)prop-2-en-1-ones.thirty eight heterocyclic chalcones were synthesized by condensing formylquinolines with diverse methyl arylketones. the target compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques (nmr, ir, ms) and elemental analysis. the x-ray crystallographic study of (2e)-3-(2-chloro-6-methylquinolin-3-yl)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (1p) was also performed for the structure confirmation. the title compounds were screened for anti-microbial and antileishmanial activities. the comp ...201020190432
the development of oral fluid-based diagnostics and applications in veterinary medicine.the purpose of this review was to discuss the history of the development and implementation of oral fluid diagnostics for infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals. the use of oral fluid for the assessment of health and diagnosis of disease in humans and animals has a surprisingly long history. as early as 1909, pollaci and ceraulo reported sensitive and specific agglutination of 'micrococcus melitensis' (brucella melitensis) by oral fluid from patients diagnosed with malta fever. a 198 ...201020202287
simple purification of human antimicrobial peptide dermcidin (mdcd-1l) by intein-mediated expression in e.coli.among human antimicrobial peptides (hamps), dcd-1l has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity over a wide ph range and in high salt concentrations. it offers a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. the 458-bp-long dermcidin cdna was amplified by pcr using a human fetal cdna library as a template. the 147-bp fragment of the mdcd-1l gene encoding an additional methionine residue was subcloned into the ptyb11 vector. recombinant mdcd-1l was expressed as an intein fusion protein in ...201020208440
synthesis, spectroscopic and biological studies on the new symmetric schiff base derived from 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol with n-aminopyrimidine.a phenol based novel schiff base polydentate symmetric ligand was prepared. the complexes were prepared by reacting ligand and the metal chlorides of cu (ii), ni(ii), co(ii) and fe(ii) in methanol to get a series of mononuclear complexes. the complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility data, ir, uv-vis, nmr and api-es mass spectral data. the mononuclear structure of the complexes was confirmed on the basis of elemental analyses, magnetic ...201020163896
surface microbiota analysis of taleggio, gorgonzola, casera, scimudin and formaggio di fossa italian cheeses.the composition of the bacterial consortia of the smear italian cheeses and their role on quality and safety is still poorly understood. the objective of this study was to identify and characterize the bacterial communities present on the surface of five traditional italian cheeses, casera valtellina, scimudin, formaggio di fossa, gorgonzola and taleggio. dgge analysis performed using total dna obtained from cheese surfaces enabled us to identify the dominant bacterial populations. bands showing ...201020167385
antimicrobial activity of the extracts of craniotome furcata (lamiaceae).craniotome furcata (link.) o. kuntze (lamiaceae) is used in the traditional medicine for the treatment of cuts and wounds indicating antimicrobial activity.201020176098
the use of chromogenic bacteria as coloured substitutes for pathogens: a simple strategy during design and development of a new method for sample pretreatment.in the present study, chromogenic (red) bacteria were used to simulate actual target bacteria during set-up and optimization of an isolation process of bacteria, designed for food samples. isolation of bacteria from food in the context of molecular biological detection of food pathogens is a multistep process. development of such a separation method requires continuous monitoring of the location of the presumable targets in the sample tubes. therefore, red-coloured pigmented bacteria were used a ...201019874486
microbial diversity associated with algae, ascidians and sponges from the north coast of são paulo state, brazil.little is known about the microbial diversity associated with marine macroorganisms, despite the vital role microorganisms may play in marine ecosystems. the aim of the present study was to investigate the diversity of bacteria and fungi isolated from eight marine invertebrate and one algae samples. data derived from ardra and sequencing analyses allowed the identification of marine-derived microorganisms isolated from those samples. microbial strains identified up to the genus level revealed 14 ...201019879115
differential transcriptomic responses of biomphalaria glabrata (gastropoda, mollusca) to bacteria and metazoan parasites, schistosoma mansoni and echinostoma paraensei (digenea, platyhelminthes).a 70-mer-oligonucleotide-based microarray (1152 features) that emphasizes stress and immune responses factors was constructed to study transcriptomic responses of the snail biomphalaria glabrata to different immune challenges. in addition to sequences with relevant putative id and gene ontology (go) annotation, the array features non-immune factors and unknown b. glabrata ests for functional gene discovery. the transcription profiles of b. glabrata (3 biological replicates, each a pool of 5 snai ...201019962194
functional analysis of a putative holin-like peptide-coding gene in the genome of bacillus licheniformis anba9.bhla, a putative holin-like protein of bacillus licheniformis anba9 expressed in escherichia coli bl21(de3) showed antibacterial activity against several gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and micrococcus luteus. deletion analysis of bhla suggests that a hydrophobic transmembrane domain, bhlatm is essential for antibacterial activity. though the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of bhla was sevenfold lower than bhlatm, transmembrane domain de ...201019967339
decolorization and detoxification of sulfonated azo dye methyl orange by kocuria rosea mtcc 1532.kocuria rosea (mtcc 1532) showed 100% decolorization of methyl orange (50 mg l(-1)) under static condition. the optimum ph and temperature for dye decolorization was 6.8 and 30 degrees c, respectively. the k. rosea (mtcc 1532) showed maximum decolorization of methyl orange when growth medium containing yeast extract as compared to other substrates. the culture exhibited significant ability to decolorize repeated additions of dye, with reduction in time up to 12 h at eighth dye aliquot addition. ...201019969416
genome sequence of the fleming strain of micrococcus luteus, a simple free-living actinobacterium.micrococcus luteus (nctc2665, "fleming strain") has one of the smallest genomes of free-living actinobacteria sequenced to date, comprising a single circular chromosome of 2,501,097 bp (g+c content, 73%) predicted to encode 2,403 proteins. the genome shows extensive synteny with that of the closely related organism, kocuria rhizophila, from which it was taxonomically separated relatively recently. despite its small size, the genome harbors 73 insertion sequence (is) elements, almost all of which ...201019948807
an immune responsive multidomain galectin from bay scallop argopectens irradians.galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-binding lectins which play crucial roles in innate immunity of vertebrates and invertebrates. in the present study, the cdna of a galectin with multiple carbohydrate-recognition domains (crds) was cloned from bay scallop argopectens irradians (designated aigal1) by expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) techniques. the full-length cdna of aigal1 was of 2235 nucleotides, encoding a polypeptide of 549 amino acids. smart p ...201019944171
characterization of expression, activity and role in antibacterial immunity of anopheles gambiae lysozyme c-1.there are eight lysozyme genes in the anopheles gambiae genome. transcripts of one of these genes, lysc-1, increased in anopheles gambiae cell line 4a3b by 24 h after exposure to heat-killed micrococcus luteus. lysozyme activity was also identified in conditioned media from the cell line from which the protein was purified to homogeneity using ion exchange and gel filtration. mass spectrometric analysis of the purified protein showed 100% identity to lysozyme c-1. purified lysozyme c-1 was teste ...201019932188
new antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of falcarindiol isolated in crithmum maritimum l. leaf extract.bioassay-guided fractionation of a chloroformic extract obtained from crithmum maritimum leaves led to the chemical isolation of falcarindiol, a polyacetylene widely distributed within the apiaceae family. structure of this compound was confirmed by nmr and activity was tracked using a screening microplate bioassay. falcarindiol strongly inhibited the growth of micrococcus luteus and bacillus cereus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) value of 50 microg ml(-1). moreover, this compound ...201019922760
expression and purification of an antimicrobial peptide by fusion with elastin-like polypeptides in escherichia coli.different carrier molecules have been fused to antimicrobial polypeptides (amps) to facilitate recombinant protein expression and purification. some of them have improved the stability of amps and reduced the toxicity to host cells, but most current strategies still have some problems to be solved such as poor yield, low purity, high expense, time-consumption, and difficulty in scaling-up. here, we introduced the elastin-like polypeptides (elps) as a fusion partner to express an antimicrobial po ...201019924386
efficient biotransformation of herbicide diuron by bacterial strain micrococcus sp. ps-1.a gram-positive, micrococcus sp. strain ps-1 capable of utilizing phenylurea herbicide diuron as a sole carbon source at a high concentration (up to 250 ppm) was isolated from diuron storage site by selective enrichment study. the taxonomic characterization with 16s rrna gene sequencing (1,477 bp) identified ps-1 as a member of micrococcus sp. it was studied for the degradation of diuron and a range of its analogues (monuron, linuron, monolinuron, chlortoluron and fenuron). the shake flasks expe ...201020401520
screening for and isolation and identification of malathion-degrading bacteria: cloning and sequencing a gene that potentially encodes the malathion-degrading enzyme, carboxylestrase in soil bacteria.five malathion-degrading bacterial strains were enriched and isolated from soil samples collected from different agricultural sites in cairo, egypt. malathion was used as a sole source of carbon (50 mg/l) to enumerate malathion degraders, which were designated as is1, is2, is3, is4, and is5. they were identified, based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics, as pseudomonas sp., pseudomonas putida, micrococcus lylae, pseudomonas aureofaciens, and acetobacter liquefaciens, respecti ...201020401686
decolorization and biodegradation of reactive dyes and dye wastewater by a developed bacterial consortium.a bacterial consortium (consortium gr) consisting of proteus vulgaris ncim-2027 and micrococcus glutamicus ncim-2168 could rapidly decolorize and degrade commonly-used sulfonated reactive dye green he4bd and many other reactive dyes. consortium gr shows markedly higher decolorization activity than that of the individual strains. the preferable physicochemical parameters were identified to achieve higher dye degradation and decolorization efficiency. the supplementation of cheap co-substrates (e. ...201020407917
recovery and screening for antibiotic susceptibility of potential bacterial pathogens from the oral cavity of shark species involved in attacks on humans in recife, brazil.the number of incidents involving sharks and humans at beaches in recife, on the north-eastern brazilian coast, is among the highest worldwide. in addition, wound infections in survivors are common; but the nature and risk of the aetiological agents is unknown. in the present study, 81 potential bacterial pathogens were identified in the oral cavity of sharks involved in attacks in recife, and were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests using the standardized disc-diffusion method. the maj ...201020413619
involvement of manduca sexta peptidoglycan recognition protein-1 in the recognition of bacteria and activation of prophenoloxidase system.although the importance of peptidoglycan recognition proteins (pgrps) in detecting bacteria and promoting immunity is well recognized in drosophila melanogaster and other insect species, such a role has not yet been experimentally established for pgrps in the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. in this study, we purified m. sexta pgrp1 from the baculovirus-insect cell expression system, tested its association with peptidoglycans and intact bacteria, and explored its possible link with the prophenol ...201020416376
microbiological studies of ethnic meat products of the eastern himalayas.native microorganisms from some ethnic meat products of the eastern himalayas such as lang kargyong, yak kargyong, faak kargyong, lang satchu, yak satchu and suka ko masu were isolated and characterized. the bacterial isolates included lactobacillus sake, lactobacillus curvatus, lactobacillus divergens, lactobacillus carnis, lactobacillus sanfrancisco, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus brevis, enterococcus faecium, leuconostoc mesenteroides, pediococcus pentosaceous, ba ...201020416835
micrococcus niistensis sp. nov., isolated from forest soil, india.a gram-positive, smooth, spherical actinobacterium designated as nii-0909t was isolated from forest soil in western ghat in india. colonies produced were light yellow with 0.4-1.3 mm in diameter. strain nii-0909t (yim 75739) was aerobic and grew over the temperature range 15-40 degrees c and ph range 4-11, with optimal growth at 28+/-2.0 degrees c and ph 7.0. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis indicated that strain nii-0909t was phylogenetically related to the genus micrococcus, in which it represe ...201020418416
biosurfactants as agents to reduce adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to polystyrene surfaces: effect of temperature and hydrophobicity.polystyrene surfaces were conditioned with surfactin and rhamnolipid biosurfactants and then assessed regarding the attachment of staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, and micrococcus luteus. the effect of different temperatures (35, 25, and 4°c) on the anti-adhesive activity was also studied. microbial adhesion to solvents and contact angle measurements were performed to characterize bacteria and material surfaces. the results showed that surfactin was able to inhibit bacterial adhesio ...201020422191
kocuria varians infection associated with brain abscess: a case report.kocuria, established by stackebrandt et al., previously was classified into micrococcus. only two species, k. rosea and k. kristinae are reported to be associated as pathogenic and found with catheter-related bacteremia and acute cholecystitis.201020423506
distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria and fungi in the general hospitals of korea.the objective of this study is to provide fundamental data related to size-based characteristics of bioaerosol distributed in the general hospital. measurement sites are main lobby, icu, surgical ward and biomedical laboratory and total five times were sampled with six-stage cascade impactor. mean concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi were the highest in main lobby as followed by an order of surgical ward, icu and biomedical laboratory. the predominant genera of airborne bacteria identif ...201020424357
blechnum orientale linn - a fern with potential as antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial agent.blechnum orientale linn. (blechnaceae) is used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of various skin diseases, stomach pain, urinary bladder complaints and sterilization of women. the aim of the study was to evaluate antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial activity of five solvent fractions obtained from the methanol extract of the leaves of blechnum orientale linn.201020429956
effect of cholesterol on the properties of spray-dried lysozyme-loaded liposomal powders.the influence of cholesterol (chol) in the liposomal bilayer on the properties of inhalable protein-loaded liposomal powders prepared by spray-drying technique was investigated. lysozyme (lsz) was used as a model protein. feed solution for spray drying was prepared by direct mixing of aqueous solution of lsz with mannitol solution and empty liposome dispersions composed of hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine and chol at various molar ratios. the spray-dried powders were characterized with respect t ...201020464536
biofilms on tracheoesophageal voice prostheses: a confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstration of mixed bacterial and yeast biofilms.the aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence of yeast and bacterial biofilms on the surface of tracheoesophageal voice prostheses (tvps) by a double-staining technique with confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm). biofilms of 12 removed tvps were visualized by scanning electron microscopy, then stained with cona-fitc and propidium iodide for clsm. microbial identification was by partial 16s rrna gene analysis and its-2 sequence analysis. microbial biofilms on the tvps consisted of bac ...201020473799
production and characterization of monoclonal antibody against mycobacterium tuberculosis rpfb domain.rpfb, one of the five resuscitation-promoting factors (rpfs) produced by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), plays an important role in the resuscitation and growth of the dormant mtb. rpfb is likely the target antigen recognized by the host immune system. studies have shown that rpf genes exist in many bacteria and their encoded proteins all contain rpf-like domain. it is likely that this domain has biological characteristics and immunogenicity similar to that of the complete rpf protein. therefo ...201020795307
adaptor protein is essential for insect cytokine signaling in hemocytes.growth-blocking peptide (gbp) is an insect cytokine that stimulates a class of immune cells called plasmatocytes to adhere to one another and to foreign surfaces. although extensive structure-activity studies have been performed on the gbp and its mutants in lepidoptera pseudaletia separata, the signaling pathway of gbp-dependent activation of plasmatocytes remains unknown. we identified an adaptor protein (p77) with a molecular mass of 77 kda containing sh2/sh3 domain binding motifs and an immu ...201020798052
biosynthetic pathway for γ-cyclic sarcinaxanthin in micrococcus luteus: heterologous expression and evidence for diverse and multiple catalytic functions of c(50) carotenoid cyclases.we report the cloning and characterization of the biosynthetic gene cluster (crte, crtb, crti, crte2, crtyg, crtyh, and crtx) of the γ-cyclic c(50) carotenoid sarcinaxanthin in micrococcus luteus nctc2665. expression of the complete and partial gene cluster in escherichia coli hosts revealed that sarcinaxanthin biosynthesis from the precursor molecule farnesyl pyrophosphate (fpp) proceeds via c(40) lycopene, c(45) nonaflavuxanthin, c(50) flavuxanthin, and c(50) sarcinaxanthin. glucosylation of s ...201020802040
enhanced antimicrobial activity of engineered human lysozyme.lysozymes contain a disproportionately large fraction of cationic residues, and are thereby attracted toward the negatively charged surface of bacterial targets. importantly, this conserved biophysical property may inhibit lysozyme antibacterial function during acute and chronic infections. a mouse model of acute pulmonary pseudomonas aeruginosa infection demonstrated that anionic biopolymers accumulate to high concentrations in the infected lung, and the presence of these species correlates wit ...201020604527
aureocins 4185, bacteriocins produced by staphylococcus aureus 4185: potential application in food preservation.in the present study, the bacteriocins produced by staphylococcus aureus 4185, a strain isolated from bovine mastitis, were purified and partially characterized. after purification by ammonium sulfate precipitation, cation-exchange chromatography, and five runs of high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc), antimicrobial activity was recovered with 40% and 80% isopropanol, suggesting that more than one antimicrobial peptide, named aureocins 4185, is produced by s. aureus 4185. mass spectromet ...201020618078
size-resolved culturable airborne bacteria sampled in rice field, sanitary landfill, and waste incineration sites.size-resolved bacterial concentrations in atmospheric aerosols sampled by using a six stage viable impactor at rice field, sanitary landfill, and waste incinerator sites were determined. culture-based and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods were used to identify the airborne bacteria. the culturable bacteria concentration in total suspended particles (tsp) was found to be the highest (848 colony forming unit (cfu)/m(3)) at the sanitary landfill sampling site, while the rice field sampling si ...201020623053
survival of campylobacter jejuni under conditions of atmospheric oxygen tension with the support of pseudomonas spp.campylobacter jejuni is a major food-borne pathogen. despite causing enteritis in humans, it is a well-adapted intestinal microorganism in animals, hardly ever generating disease symptoms. nevertheless, as a true microaerophilic microorganism it is still puzzling how campylobacter cells can survive on chicken meat, the main source of human infection. in this study, we demonstrate that c. jejuni is able to withstand conditions of atmospheric oxygen tension when cocultured with pseudomonas species ...201020639377
surface mycobiota on argentinean dry fermented sausages.the diversity of the mycobiota community occurring on the surface of fermented dry sausages and in the environment of the processing plants was studied. the manufacturing plants (five in total) were located in three different areas of southern buenos aires province (argentina). samples were collected from two types of fermented sausages (short and long ripening time) at two times of the year (winter and summer) and at different types of plants (artisanal and industrial). a total of 342 samples w ...201020643490
chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of lantana camara, ageratum houstonianum and eupatorium adenophorum.essential oils have applications in folk medicine, food preservation, and as feed additives. the essential oils of lantana camara linn. (verbenaceae), ageratum houstonianum mill. (asteraceae) and eupatorium adenophorum spreng. (asteraceae) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gcms). in l. camara oil, of the total identified (83.91%) volatile constituents, five constituents [3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatriene (28.86%), beta-caryophyllene (12.28%), zingiberene (7.63%), gamma-cu ...201020645797
batch purification of high-purity lysozyme from egg white and characterization of the enzyme modified by pegylation.pegylation is one of the most promising and extensively studied strategies for improving the pharmacological properties of proteins as well as their physical and thermal stability. purified lysozyme obtained from hen egg white by batch mode was modified by pegylation with methoxypolyethyleneglycol succinimidyl succinato (mpeg-ss, mw 5000). the conjugates produced retained full enzyme activity with the substrate glycol chitosan, independent of degree of enzyme modification, although lysozyme acti ...201020645799
structural peculiarities of linear megaplasmid, plma1, from micrococcus luteus interfere with pyrosequencing reads assembly.different strains of micrococcus luteus, isolated from high-altitude argentinean wetlands, were recently reported to harbour the linear plasmids plma1, plmh5 and plmv7, all of which with 5'-covalently attached terminal proteins. the link between plma1 and the host's erythromycin resistance as well as further presumptive qualities prompted us to perform a detailed characterization. when the 454 technology was applied for direct sequencing of gel-purified plma1, assembly of the reads was impossibl ...201020652620
a new angucycline and a new butenolide isolated from lichen-derived streptomyces spp.a new 1,1-dichlorocyclopropane-containing angucycline, jbir-88 (1), and a new butenolide, jbir-89 (2), respectively, were isolated from the fermentation broths of two lichen-derived actinomycetes identified as a new species of streptomyces (strains ri104-lic106 and ri104-lib101) using phylogenetic methods. the structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy and ms analyses. compound 1 showed cytotoxic activities against cancer cells and antimicrobial activity aga ...201020664606
alchivemycin a, a bioactive polycyclic polyketide with an unprecedented skeleton from streptomyces sp.alchivemycin a, a novel polycyclic polyketide, was isolated from the culture extract of a plant-derived actinomycete streptomyces sp. the structure and relative configuration were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and x-ray crystallography, and the absolute configuration was determined by a (1)h nmr anisotropy method using mpa ester derivatization. the new compound contains an unprecedented heterocyclic ring system, 2h-tetrahydro-4,6-dioxo-1,2-oxazine. alchivemycin a showed potent antimicrobi ...201020670006
biosynthesis of cephalosporin-c acylase enzyme: optimal media design, purification, and characterization.7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-aca) is the key intermediate for the synthesis of semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotics and enzyme cephalosporin-c acylase (cpc acylase) plays an important role in the conversion of cephalosporin-c to 7-aca. with an aim to increase the yield of 7-aca production by micrococcus luteus, a stepwise strategy, statistical medium was applied for optimizing the medium composition for the production of cpc acylase. purified enzyme was found to be of 80 kda. the optimum ph ...201020677902
pyrosequencing and characterization of immune response genes from the american dog tick, dermacentor variabilis (l.).ticks continue to be a threat to animal and human health, and new and novel control strategies are needed for ticks and tick-borne pathogens. the characterization of the tick-pathogen interface and the tick immune response to microbial infections is fundamental toward the formulation of new control strategies for ticks and the pathogens they transmit. our overall hypothesis for this research is that the tick immune system manages the maintenance of pathogens. therefore, discovery of tick immune ...201020698900
sunflower seed oil and oleic acid utilization for the production of rhamnolipids by thermus thermophilus hb8.the potential production of rhamnolipids was demonstrated using the thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus hb8 and sunflower seed oil or oleic acid as carbon sources. sunflower seed oil was directly hydrolyzed by secretion of lipase and became a favorable carbon source for rhamnolipids production. rhamnolipids levels were attainted high values, comparable to those produced by pseudomonas strains from similar sources. rhamnolipids synthesis in oleic acid exhibited a long period of inductio ...201020703873
lycopersicon esculentum seeds: an industrial byproduct as an antimicrobial agent.lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) fruit is a widely studied matrix. however, only few works focus their attention on its seeds, which constitute a major byproduct of the tomato processing industry. in this study the antimicrobial potential of ten different tomato seed extracts from "bull's heart" and "cherry" varieties were analyzed against gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, micrococcus luteus, enterococcus faecalis and bacillus cereus) and gram-negative (proteus mi ...201020707344
efficient "one-pot" synthesis of novel 3-azabicyclic spiro-1',2',4'-triazolidin-3'-thiones catalyzed by potassium superoxide and their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.a new series of novel 3-azabicyclic spiro 1',2',4'-triazolidin-3'-thiones 15-21 catalyzed by potassium superoxide under microwave irradiation have been synthesized and studied for their in vitro microbiological evaluation on clinically isolated bacterial strains namely micrococcus luteus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, pseudomonas aeuroginosa and fungal strains namely aspergillus niger, candida albicans, candida 6 and candida 51. results of the in vitro microbiological evaluation of the syn ...201020712258
peptidoglycan recognition protein of chlamys farreri (cfpgrp-s1) mediates immune defenses against bacterial infection.peptidoglycan recognition protein (pgrp) is an essential molecule in innate immunity for both invertebrates and vertebrates, owing to its prominent ability in detecting and eliminating the invading bacteria. several pgrps have been identified from mollusk, but their functions and the underlined mechanism are still unclear. in the present study, the mrna expression profiles, location, and possible functions of pgrp-s1 from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (cfpgrp-s1) were analyzed. the cfpgrp-s1 p ...201020713083
optimization of nisin production by lactococcus lactis uq2 using supplemented whey as alternative culture medium.lactococcus lactis uq2 is a nisin a-producing native strain. in the present study, the production of nisin by l. lactis uq2 in a bioreactor using supplemented sweet whey (sw) was optimized by a statistical design of experiments and response surface methodology (rsm). in a 1st approach, a fractional factorial design (ffd) of the order 2(5-1) with 3 central points was used. the effect on nisin production of air flow, sw, soybean peptone (sp), mgso(4)/mnso(4) mixture, and tween 80 was evaluated. fr ...201020722935
prospective study of urinary tract infection surveillance after kidney transplantation.urinary tract infection (uti) remains one of the main complications after kidney transplantation and it has serious consequences.201020723254
base pair specificity and energetics of binding of the phenazinium molecules phenosafranine and safranine-o to deoxyribonucleic acids: a comparative study.the base specificity and energetics of dna binding of the phenazinium dyes phenosafranine and safranine-o have been studied using various biophysical tools. the guanine-cytosine base specificity of both compounds was established from binding affinity values and competition dialysis results and also from circular dichroism, thermal melting, and calorimetric studies. both dyes bind to dna with affinity of the order of 10(5) m(-1), but the values are significantly higher for the guanine-cytosine ri ...201020730145
[agglutination and phagocytosis of foreign abiotic particles by bluebottle calliphora vicina haemocytes in vivo. ii. influence of the previous septic immune induction on haemocytic activity].the rate of calliphora vicina haemocytic defense reaction to foreign particles injection depends on the larval age and on the previous bacterial immunization. immunization of crop-empting larvae induces an evident increase in particles phagocytosis by juvenile plasmatocytes in 24 h after injection. both the hemogram and the pattern of cellular defense reaction change significantly after crop-empting. immunized larvae start intensive adhesion of foreign particles to plasmatocytes surface and form ...201020737901
[effect of immunization on the in vivo immunocytes reaction to foreign particles in the larvae of the flesh fly calliphora vomitoria].bacterial immunization of calliphora vomitoria larvae induces hemocytic defense reaction in response to abiotic foreign particles injections. this reaction depends on the larval age and, consequently, the immunocytes composition. the juvenile plasmatocytes which are abundantly present in the end feeding and crop emptying larvae are initially very active and their reaction rate does not depend on the immunization. the plasmatocytes i appear after crop emptying. immunization has a positive effect ...201020737902
a new laboratory cultivation of paramecium bursaria using non-pathogenic bacteria strains.in most studies dealing with the laboratory cultivation of paramecia (paramecium bursaria), klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria are used to inoculate the medium. however, klebsiella pneumoniae is a typical pathogen, and its use is always associated with a risk of infection. the aim of the present research was to examine non-pathogenic bacteria strains as components of the medium for paramecium bursaria. the paramecia were incubated on lettuce infusions bacterized with different bacteria strains: baci ...201020737917
antimicrobial and anticancer efficacy of antineoplastic agent capped gold nanoparticles.synthesis of thioguanine (tg)-capped au nanoparticles (au@tg) and their enhanced in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer efficacy against micrococcus luteus, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, e. coli, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger and hep2 cancer cell (human epidermiod cell) have been reported. the nature of binding between 6-tg and the gold nanoparticles via complexation is investigated using ultraviolet-visible spectrum, cyclic voltammetry, transmission electron microscop ...201020738066
kytococcus schroeteri pneumonia in two patients with a hematological malignancy.neutropenic patients are susceptible to infections with usually harmless microorganisms. we report two cases of severe pneumonia in hematological patients due to kytococcus schroeteri, a saprophyte of the human skin. when blood cultures or respiratory specimens yield micrococcus-like colonies, kytococcus species, which are often resistant to penicillin, should be considered and the antimicrobial therapy should be adjusted accordingly.201020213285
effect of plant age on endophytic bacterial diversity of balloon flower (platycodon grandiflorum) root and their antimicrobial activities.balloon flower (platycodon grandiflorum) is widely cultivated vegetable and used as a remedy for asthma in east asia. experiments were conducted to isolate endophytic bacteria from 1-, 3-, and 6-year-old balloon flower roots and to analyze the enzymatic, antifungal, and anti-human pathogenic activities of the potential endophytic biocontrol agents obtained. total 120 bacterial colonies were isolated from the interior of all balloon flower roots samples. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna ge ...201020221603
16srrna and enzymatic diversity of culturable bacteria from the sediments of oxygen minimum zone in the arabian sea.sediment underlying the oxygen minimum zone of the eastern arabian sea is rich in organic matter. bacteria in this sediment-water interface are of great ecological importance as they are responsible for decomposing, mineralizing and subsequent recycling of organic matter. this study has for the first time addressed the phylogenetic and functional description of culturable bacteria of this region. genotypic characterization of the isolates using amplified rdna restriction analysis (ardra) followe ...201020229220
uva-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in dna: a direct photochemical mechanism?the carcinogenic action of uva radiation is commonly attributed to dna oxidation mediated by endogenous photosensitisers. yet, it was recently shown that cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (cpd), well known for their involvement in uvb genotoxicity, are produced in larger yield than oxidative lesions in uva-irradiated cells and skin. in the present work, we gathered mechanistic information on this photoreaction by comparing formation of all possible bipyrimidine photoproducts upon uva irradiation of ...201020237685
characterization of two crustin antimicrobial peptides from the freshwater crayfish pacifastacus leniusculus.the two bacteria-induced crustin genes, plcrustin1 and plcrustin2, previously found in the hemocyte cdna library of pacifastacus leniusculus, contain the open reading frames of 357 bp encoding a putative protein of 118 amino acid residues and 330 bp encoding a putative protein of 109 amino acid residues, respectively. the carboxyl-terminal part of the two crustins possesses, respectively, 7 and 8 conserved cysteine residues representation of a wap domain that is found in carcinins and crustins i ...201020371367
the effect of different fermentation intervals on the quality characteristics of heat-treated and traditional sucuks.fermentation time has an influence on the quality characteristics of fermented meat products. the effect of heat treatment on physicochemical, sensory and microbiological properties of sucuk was determined during fermentation and after heat application, and the properties of heat-treated sucuk samples were compared with those of traditional sucuk. optimum fermentation period was determined for sucuk samples with desirable characteristics. heat-treated sucuks were fermented at different fermentat ...201020374882
early antimicrobial activity of intracanal medications on the external root surface of periodontally compromised teeth.to verify the effect of scaling and root planing on the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medications on the external root surface of periodontally compromised teeth.201020376379
antimicrobial, antiviral and cytotoxic activity of extracts and constituents from polygonum spectabile mart.polygonum spectabile is used in brazil for treatment of several infection diseases. extracts and constituents isolated from this species were evaluated for cytotoxicity and effects on 15 bacterias and yeasts as well on 4 viruses strains (hhv-1, vacv-wr, emcv, den-2). less polar extracts were effective against staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtillis, micrococcus luteus, m. canis and tricophyton mentagrophytes and t. rubrum. two known chalcones and 3-o-β-d-glucosyl-β-sitosterol were isolated. th ...201020382006
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