Publications

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modulation of aba signaling by altering vxgφl motif of pp2cs in oryza sativa.the abscisic acid (aba) signaling pathway is regulated by clade a type 2c protein phosphatases (pp2cas) in plants. in the presence of aba, pp2cs release stress/aba-activated protein kinases by binding to aba-bound receptors (pyl/rcars) for activation. although the wedging tryptophan in pp2cs is critical in the interaction with pyl/rcars in arabidopsis and rice, it remains elusive as to how other interface regions are involved in the interaction. here, we report the identification of a conserved ...201728827170
a small decrease in rubisco content by individual suppression of rbcs genes leads to improvement of photosynthesis and greater biomass production in rice under conditions of elevated co2.rubisco limits photosynthesis at low co2 concentrations ([co2]), but does not limit it at elevated [co2]. this means that the amount of rubisco is excessive for photosynthesis at elevated [co2]. therefore, we examined whether a small decrease in rubisco content by individual suppression of the rbcs multigene family leads to increases in photosynthesis and biomass production at elevated [co2] in rice (oryza sativa l.). our previous studies indicated that the individual suppression of rbcs decreas ...201728158810
plantexpress: a database integrating oryzaexpress and arthaexpress for single-species and cross-species gene expression network analyses with microarray-based transcriptome data.publicly available microarray-based transcriptome data on plants are remarkably valuable in terms of abundance and variation of samples, particularly for oryza sativa (rice) and arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis). here, we introduce the web database plantexpress (http://plantomics.mind.meiji.ac.jp/plantexpress/) as a platform for gene expression network (gen) analysis with the public microarray data of rice and arabidopsis. plantexpress has two functional modes. the single-species mode is specia ...201728158643
a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c pathway elicits stress-induced ca2+ signals and confers salt tolerance to rice.in animal cells, phospholipase c (plc) isoforms predominantly hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphates [ptdins(4,5)p2 ] into the second messengers diacylglycerol (dag) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [ins(1,4,5)p3 ] to regulate diverse biological processes. by contrast, the molecular mechanisms and physiological significance of plc signaling in plants still awaits full elucidation. here, we identified a rice (oryza sativa cv) pi-plc, osplc1, which preferred to hydrolyze phosphatidylinosi ...201728157263
in situ evaluation of crop productivity and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in paddy soils after remediation of metal-contaminated soils.soils contaminated with heavy metals have been reused for agricultural, building, and industrial uses following remediation. this study assesses plant growth and bioaccumulation of heavy metals following remediation of industrially contaminated soil. the soil was collected from a field site near a nonferrous smelter and was subjected to laboratory- and field-scale studies. soil from the contaminated site was remediated by washing with acid or mixed with soil taken from a distant uncontaminated s ...201728150951
absence of osβca1 causes a co2 deficit and affects leaf photosynthesis and the stomatal response to co2 in rice.plants always adjust the opening of stomatal pores to adapt to the environment, for example co2 concentration ([co2 ]), humidity and temperature. low [co2 ] will trigger the opening of stomatal pores to absorb extra co2 . however, little is known about how co2 supply affects the carbon fixation and opening of stomatal pores in rice. here, a chloroplast-located gene coding for β-carbonic anhydrase (βca) was found to be involved in carbon assimilation and the co2 -mediated stomatal pore response i ...201728142196
ascorbic acid deficiency leads to increased grain chalkiness in transgenic rice for suppressed of l-galldh.the grain chalkiness of rice (oryza sativa l.), which determines the rice quality and price, is a major concern in rice breeding. reactive oxygen species (ros) plays a critical role in regulating rice endosperm chalkiness. ascorbic acid (asc) is a major plant antioxidant, which strictly regulates the levels of ros. l-galactono-1, 4-lactone dehydrogenase (l-galldh, ec 1.3.2.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the last step of asc biosynthesis in higher plants. here we show that the l-galldh-suppressed ...201728142093
the local impact of a coal-fired power plant on inorganic mercury and methyl-mercury distribution in rice (oryza sativa l.).emission from coal-fired power plants is one of the major anthropogenic sources of mercury (hg) in the environment, because emitted hg can be quickly deposited nearby the source, attention is paid to the effects of coal-burning facilities on levels of toxic methyl-mercury (mehg) in biota near such sources. since rice is an agricultural crop that can bio-accumulate mehg, the potential effects of a large hg-emitting coal-fired power plant in hunan province, china on both inorganic hg (hg(ii)) and ...201728139322
synergistic effects between [si-hemicellulose matrix] ligands and zn ions in inhibiting cd ion uptake in rice (oryza sativa) cells.our study demonstrated that zn alleviated cd toxicity in the presence of si in the cell walls by zn 2+ binding to ligands through the formation of the [si-hemicellulose matrix]zn complexes that restrict the uptake of cd. the plant cell wall exhibits preferential sites for the accumulation of metals at toxic concentrations. through modification of wall polysaccharide components, elements, such as silicon (si) and zinc (zn), may play active roles in alleviating the toxicity of heavy metals, includ ...201728138761
biochemical and chemical biology study of rice ostar1 revealed that tryptophan aminotransferase is involved in auxin biosynthesis: identification of a potent ostar1 inhibitor, pyruvamine2031.iaa, a major form of auxin, is biosynthesized from l-tryptophan via the indole-3-pyruvic acid (ipya) pathway in arabidopsis. tryptophan aminotransferases (taa1/tars) catalyze the first step from l-tryptophan to ipya. in rice, the importance of taa/tars or yuc homologs in auxin biosynthesis has been suggested, but the enzymatic activities and involvement of the intermediate ipya in auxin biosynthesis remain elusive. in this study, we obtained biochemical evidence that the rice tryptophan aminotra ...201728138057
identification and characterization of a plastidic adenine nucleotide uniporter (osbt1-3) required for chloroplast development in the early leaf stage of rice.chloroplast development is an important subject in botany. in this study, a rice (oryza sativa) mutant exhibiting impairment in early chloroplast development (seedling leaf albino (sla)) was isolated from a filial generation via hybridization breeding. the sla mutant seedlings have an aberrant form of chloroplasts, which resulted in albinism at the first and second leaves; however, the leaf sheath was green. the mutant gradually turned green after the two-leaf stage, and the third leaf was a nor ...201728134341
a salivary endo-β-1,4-glucanase acts as an effector that enables the brown planthopper to feed on rice.the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens is one of the most destructive insect pests on rice (oryza sativa) in asia. after landing on plants, bph rapidly accesses plant phloem and sucks the phloem sap through unknown mechanisms. we discovered a salivary endo-β-1,4-glucanase (nleg1) that has endoglucanase activity with a maximal activity at ph 6 at 37°c and is secreted into rice plants by bph nleg1 is highly expressed in the salivary glands and midgut. silencing nleg1 decreases the capacity ...201728126846
physiological analysis of brassinosteroid responses and sensitivity in rice.identification of related mutants contributed a lot to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying brassinosteroid (br) signaling. establishment of methods to test for the hormone sensitivity is essential for the characterization of the mutants associated with br responses. here, we describe detailed procedures for the physiological analysis of br responses that are regularly applied to test the br sensitivity of mutants by evaluating the growth of different tissues of rice (oryza s ...201728124243
genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms in cms and restorer lines discovered by genotyping using sequencing and association with marker-combining ability for 12 yield-related traits in oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica.heterosis or hybrid vigor is closely related with general combing ability (gca) of parents and special combining ability (sca) of combinations. the evaluation of gca and sca facilitate selection of parents and combinations in heterosis breeding. in order to improve combining ability (ca) by molecular marker assist selection, it is necessary to identify marker loci associated with the ca. to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (snp) loci associated with ca in the parental genomes of japo ...201728228768
posnar2.1:osnar2.1 expression enhances nitrogen uptake efficiency and grain yield in transgenic rice plants.the nitrate (no3-) transporter has been selected as an important gene maker in the process of environmental adoption in rice cultivars. in this work, we transferred another native osnar2.1 promoter with driving osnar2.1 gene into rice plants. the transgenic lines with exogenous posnar2.1:osnar2.1 constructs showed enhanced osnar2.1 expression level, compared with wild type (wt), and 15 n influx in roots increased 21%-32% in response to 0.2 mm and 2.5 mm 15no3- and 1.25 mm 15 nh415 no3 . under th ...201728226420
effect of chemical amendments on remediation of potentially toxic trace elements (ptes) and soil quality improvement in paddy fields.remediation of potentially toxic trace elements (ptes) in paddy fields is fundamental for crop safety. in situ application of chemical amendments has been widely adapted because of its cost-effectiveness and environmental safety. the main purpose of this research was to (1) evaluate the reduction in dissolved concentrations of cadmium (cd) and arsenic (as) with the application of chemical amendments and (2) monitor microbial activity in the soil to determine the remediation efficiency. three dif ...201728213721
bionano genome map resource for oryza sativa ssp. japonica and indica and its application in rice genome sequence correction and gap filling. 201728212831
genetic factors underlying boron toxicity tolerance in rice: genome-wide association study and transcriptomic analysis.boron (b) toxicity is a nutritional disorder affecting crop production in many parts of the world. this study explored genetic factors associated with b tolerance in rice (oryza sativa l.) through an integrated genome mapping and transcriptomic approach. variation in b tolerance was first evaluated by screening a panel of 137 indica genotypes in b toxic conditions (+2 mm b), followed by genome-wide association study (gwas). leaf bronzing and greenness were significantly correlated with shoot and ...201728204664
enzymatic properties of a gh19 chitinase isolated from rice lacking a major loop structure involved in chitin binding.the catalytic domains of family gh19 chitinases have been found to consist of a conserved, α-helical core-region and different numbers (1-6) of loop structures, located at both ends of the substrate-binding groove and which extend over the glycon- and aglycon-binding sites. we expressed, purified and enzymatically characterized a gh19 chitinase from rice, oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare (oschia2a), lacking a major loop structure (loop iii) connected to the functionally important β-stranded region ...201728204489
cyclic electron flow may provide some protection against psii photoinhibition in rice (oryza sativa l.) leaves under heat stress.previously we have shown that a quick down-regulation in psi activity compares to that of psii following short-term heat stress for two rice groups including c4023 and q4149, studied herein. these accessions were identified to have different natural capacities in driving cyclic electron flow (cef) around psi; i.e., low cef (lcef) and high cef (hcef) for c4023 and q4149, respectively. the aim of this study was to investigate whether these two lines have different mechanisms of protecting photosys ...201728199904
toxicity of pesticide tank mixtures from rice crops against telenomus podisi ashmead (hymenoptera: platygastridae).the use of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides commonly occurs in mixtures in tanks in order to control phytosanitary problems in crops. however, there is no information regarding the effects of these mixtures on non-target organisms associated to the rice agroecosystem. the aim of this study was to know the toxicity of pesticide tank mixtures from rice crops against telenomus podisi ashmead (hymenoptera: platygastridae). based on the methods adapted from the international organisation for ...201728197851
isolation, characterization and transcriptome analysis of a cytokinin receptor mutant osckt1 in rice.cytokinins play important roles in regulating plant development, including shoot and root meristems, leaf longevity, and grain yield. however, the in planta functions of rice cytokinin receptors have not been genetically characterized yet. here we isolated a rice mutant, osckt1, with enhanced tolerance to cytokinin treatment. further analysis showed that osckt1 was insensitive to aromatic cytokinins but responded normally to isoprenoid and phenylurea-type cytokinins. map-based cloning revealed t ...201728197164
fine mapping of carbon assimilation rate 8, a quantitative trait locus for flag leaf nitrogen content, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in rice.increasing the rate of leaf photosynthesis is one important approach for increasing grain yield in rice (oryza sativa). exploiting the natural variation in co2 assimilation rate (a) between rice cultivars using quantitative genetics is one promising means to identify genes contributing to higher photosynthesis. in this study, we determined precise location of carbon assimilation rate 8 (car8) by crossing a high-yielding indica cultivar with a japanese commercial cultivar. fine mapping suggested ...201728197156
genome-wide characterization of jasmonate-zim domain transcription repressors in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).the jasmonate-zim domain (jaz) repressor family proteins are jasmonate co-receptors and transcriptional repressor in jasmonic acid (ja) signaling pathway, and they play important roles in regulating the growth and development of plants. recently, more and more researches on jaz gene family are reported in many plants. although the genome sequencing of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and its relatives is complete, our knowledge about this gene family remains vacant.201728193162
changes in root hydraulic conductivity facilitate the overall hydraulic response of rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars to salt and osmotic stress.the aim of the present work was to assess the significance of changes in root aqp gene expression and hydraulic conductivity (lp) in the regulation of water balance in two hydroponically-grown rice cultivars (azucena, bala) which differ in root morphology, stomatal regulation and aquaporin (aqp) isoform expression. plants were exposed to nacl (25 mm, 50 mm) and osmotic stress (5%, 10% peg6000). root lp was determined for exuding root systems (osmotic forces driving water uptake; 'exudation lp') ...201728189051
lack of cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;2 activity reduces nitrogen-dependent biosynthesis of cytokinin required for axillary bud outgrowth in rice seedlings.a mutation abolishing cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;2 (gs1;2) activity impairs assimilation of ammonium into glutamine in both roots and basal portions of shoots, and severely decreases axillary bud outgrowth (tillering) in mutant rice seedlings. although the gs1;2 mutant phenotype is independent of strigolactone, which inhibits tillering, it also demonstrates glutamine- or related metabolite-responsive biosynthesis of cytokinin (ck), which promotes tillering. here, we examined the connection ...201728186255
marker aided incorporation of saltol, a major qtl associated with seedling stage salt tolerance, into oryza sativa 'pusa basmati 1121'.pusa basmati 1121 (pb1121), an elite basmati rice cultivar is vulnerable to salinity at seedling stage. a study was undertaken to impart seedling-stage salt tolerance into pb1121 by transferring a quantitative trait locus (qtl), saltol, using fl478 as donor, through marker assisted backcrossing. sequence tagged microsatellite site (stms) marker rm 3412, tightly linked to saltol was used for foreground selection. background recovery was estimated using 90 genome-wide stms markers. systematic phen ...201728184228
genome-wide identification and analysis of biotic and abiotic stress regulation of small heat shock protein (hsp20) family genes in bread wheat.small heat shock proteins (shsps)/hsp20 are molecular chaperones that protect plants by preventing protein aggregation during abiotic stress conditions, especially heat stress. due to global climate change, high temperature is emerging as a major threat to wheat productivity. thus, the identification of hsp20 and analysis of hsp transcriptional regulation under different abiotic stresses in wheat would help in understanding the role of these proteins in abiotic stress tolerance. we used sequence ...201728178571
rapid identification of a new gene influencing low amylose content in rice landraces (oryza sativa l.) using genome-wide association study with specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing.starch is the major component of milled rice, and amylose content (ac) affects eating quality. in this study, a genome-wide association study (gwas) with specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (slaf-seq) data was performed for ac on a core collection of 419 rice landraces. using the compressed mixed linear method based on the q+k model, we identified a new gene, lac6 (chr6: 5.65-6.04 mb), associated with ac in the low amylose content panel. the lac6 candidate gene was detected by qrt-pcr i ...201728177831
evolutionary analysis of the sub1 locus across the oryza genomes.tolerance to complete submergence is recognized in a limited number of asian rice (oryza sativa l.) varieties, most of which contain submergence-inducible sub1a on the polygenic submergence-1 (sub1) locus. it has been shown that the sub1 locus encodes two ethylene-responsive factor (erf) genes, sub1b and sub1c, in all o. sativa varieties. these genes were also found in o rufipogon and o nivara, wild relatives of o. sativa. however, detailed analysis of the polygenic locus in other oryza species ...201728176282
interactions between nitrogen and silicon in rice and their effects on resistance toward the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens.nitrogen (n) and silicon (si) are two important nutritional elements required for plant growth, and both impact host plant resistance toward insect herbivores. the interaction between the two elements may therefore play a significant role in determining host plant resistance. we investigated this interaction in rice (oryza sativa l.) and its effect on resistance to the herbivore brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (bph). our results indicate that high-level (5.76 mm) n fertilization reduced si ...201728167952
newly identified csp41b gene localized in chloroplasts affects leaf color in rice.a rice mutant with light-green leaves was discovered from a transgenic line of oryza sativa. the mutant has reduced chlorophyll content and abnormal chloroplast morphology throughout its life cycle. genetic analysis revealed that a single nuclear-encoded recessive gene is responsible for the mutation, here designated as lgl1. to isolate the lgl1 gene, a high-resolution physical map of the chromosomal region around the lgl1 gene was made using a mapping population consisting of 1984 mutant indivi ...201728167036
ethylene-inhibited jasmonic acid biosynthesis promotes mesocotyl/coleoptile elongation of etiolated rice seedlings.elongation of the mesocotyl and coleoptile facilitates the emergence of rice (oryza sativa) seedlings from soil and is affected by various genetic and environment factors. the regulatory mechanism underlying this process remains largely unclear. here, we examined the regulation of mesocotyl and coleoptile growth by characterizing a gaoyao1 (gy1) mutant that exhibits a longer mesocotyl and longer coleoptile than its original variety of rice. gy1 was identified through map-based cloning and encode ...201728465411
exogenous application of rutin and gallic acid regulate antioxidants and alleviate reactive oxygen generation in oryza sativa l.the effect of rutin and gallic acid on growth, phytochemical and defense gene activation of rice (oryza sativa l.) was investigated. the seeds of rice were primed with different concentrations of rutin and gallic acid (10-60 µg ml-1) to explicate the effect on germination on water agar plates. further, to study the effect of most effective concentrations of gallic acid (60 µg ml-1) and rutin (50 µg ml-1), greenhouse pot experiment was set up to determine the changes in growth, antioxidant and de ...201728461719
mechanism study of sulfur fertilization mediating copper translocation and biotransformation in rice (oryza sativa l.) plants.metabolism of sulfur (s) is suggested to be an important factor for the homeostasis and detoxification of cu in plants. we investigated the effects of s fertilizers (s0, na2so4) on cu translocation and biotransformation in rice plants by using multiple synchrotron-based techniques. fertilization of s increased the biomass and yield of rice plants, as well as the translocation factor of cu from root to shoot and shoot to grain, resulting in enhanced cu in grain. sulfur k-edge x-ray near edge stru ...201728461082
uptake and translocation of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and difenoconazole in rice plants.uptake and translocation of imidacloprid (imi), thiamethoxam (thx) and difenoconazole (dfz) in rice plants (oryza sativa l.) were investigated with a soil-treated experiment at two application rates: field rate (fr) and 10*fr under laboratory conditions. the dissipation of the three compounds in soil followed the first-order kinetics and dfz showed greater half-lives than imi and thx. detection of the three compounds in rice tissues indicated that rice plants could take up and accumulate these p ...201728454637
nitrogen fertilizer application affects lodging resistance by altering secondary cell wall synthesis in japonica rice (oryza sativa).stem mechanical strength is an important agricultural quantitative trait that is closely related to lodging resistance in rice, which is known to be reduced by fertilizer with higher levels of nitrogen. to understand the mechanism that regulates stem mechanical strength in response to nitrogen, we analysed stem morphology, anatomy, mechanical properties, cell wall components, and expression of cell wall-related genes, in two varieties of japonica rice, namely, wuyunjing23 (lodging-resistant vari ...201728451936
overexpression of mir529a confers enhanced resistance to oxidative stress in rice (oryza sativa l.).overexpressing mir529a can enhance oxidative stress resistance by targeting osspl2 and osspl14 genes that can regulate the expression of their downstream sod and pod related genes. micrornas are involved in the regulation of plant developmental and physiological processes, and their expression can be altered when plants suffered environment stresses, including salt, oxidative, drought and cadmium. the expression of microrna529 (mir529) can be induced under oxidative stress. however, its biologic ...201728451819
difference in oxidative stress tolerance between rice cultivars estimated with chlorophyll fluorescence analysis.oxidative stress is considered to be involved in growth retardation of plants when they are exposed to a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. despite its potential importance in improving crop production, comparative studies on oxidative stress tolerance between rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars are limited. this work describes the difference in term of oxidative stress tolerance between 72 rice cultivars.201728446247
cloning and characterization of auxin efflux carrier genes ecpin1a and ecpin1b from finger millet eleusine coracana l.auxin signaling events in plants play important role in developmental regulation as well as gravitropic responses and plays crucial role in the development of root, lateral root and root hairs. the gene that is known to be most important in the development of root, lateral root and root hairs is commonly known as auxin efflux carrier (pin). being commonly known as orphan plant, the genome sequence of eleusine coracana is not known yet, and hence it was very difficult to conduct advanced research ...201728444595
three-dimensional intracellular structure of a whole rice mesophyll cell observed with fib-sem.ultrathin sections of rice leaf blades observed two-dimensionally using a transmission electron microscope (tem) show that the chlorenchyma is composed of lobed mesophyll cells, with intricate cell boundaries, and lined with chloroplasts. the lobed cell shape and chloroplast positioning are believed to enhance the area available for the gas exchange surface for photosynthesis in rice leaves. however, a cell image revealing the three-dimensional (3-d) ultrastructure of rice mesophyll cells has no ...201728444369
becoming weeds.a new resequencing analysis of weedy rice (oryza sativa l.) biotypes illuminates distinct evolutionary paths and outcomes of de-domestication and ferality. this largest effort to date in weedy plant genomics gives a better understanding of weediness while also providing a promising source of alleles for rice breeding.201728442795
qtls and analysis of the candidate gene for amylose, protein, and moisture content in rice (oryza sativa l.).in this study, we determined using nirs the heritability percentage of amylose, protein, and moisture content in polished and unpolished rice in a cndh population derived from a cross between cheongcheong and nagdong rice varieties. the results revealed a higher heritability percentage for the amylose content and compromised heritability for protein and moisture contents. we also conducted qtl analysis of rice for these major components and identified their chromosomal locations on a physical ma ...201728439810
side-effects of pesticides used in irrigated rice areas on telenomus podisi ashmead (hymenoptera: platygastridae).telenomus podisi ashmead (hymenoptera: platygastridae) is an important agent for the biological control of stink bug eggs in irrigated rice areas and the best strategy for its preservation is the use of selective pesticides. the aim of this study was to know the side-effects of pesticides used in brazilian irrigated rice areas on egg parasitoid t. podisi. we evaluated, under laboratory conditions, 13 insecticides, 11 fungicides, 11 herbicides, and a control (distilled water) in choice and no-cho ...201728439681
a quantitative proteomic analysis of brassinosteroid-induced protein phosphorylation in rice (oryza sativa l.).the group of polyhydroxysteroid phytohormones referred to as the brassinosteroids (brs) is known to act on plant development and the stress response. br signal transduction relies largely on protein phosphorylation. by employing a label-free, ms (mass spectrometry)-based phosphoproteomic approach, we report here the largest profiling of 4,034 phosphosites on 1,900 phosphoproteins from rice young seedlings and their dynamic response to br. 1,821 proteins, including kinases, transcription factors ...201728439285
genome-wide association studies to identify rice salt-tolerance markers.salinity is an ever increasing menace that affects agriculture worldwide. crops such as rice are salt sensitive, but its degree of susceptibility varies widely between cultivars pointing to extensive genetic diversity that can be exploited to identify genes and proteins that are relevant in the response of rice to salt stress. we used a diversity panel of 306 rice accessions and collected phenotypic data after short (6 h), medium (7 d) and long (30 d) salinity treatment (50 mm nacl). a genome-wi ...201728436093
identification of qtls for yield and agronomic traits in rice under stagnant flooding conditions.stagnant flooding, where water of 25-50 cm remains until harvest time, is a major problem in rainfed lowland areas. most of the sub1 varieties, which can withstand around 2 weeks of complete submergence, perform poorly in these conditions. hence, varieties tolerant of stagnant flooding are essential.201728429297
diurnal changes in transcript and metabolite levels during the iron deficiency response of rice.rice (oryza sativa l.) is highly susceptible to iron (fe) deficiency due to low secretion levels of the mugineic acid (ma) family phytosiderophore (ps) 2'-deoxymugineic acid (dma) into the rhizosphere. the low levels of dma secreted by rice have proved challenging to measure and, therefore, the pattern of dma secretion under fe deficiency has been less extensively studied relative to other graminaceous monocot species that secrete high levels of ps, such as barley (hordeum vulgare l.).201728429296
fine mapping of a novel defective glume 1 (dg1) mutant, which affects vegetative and spikelet development in rice.in cereal crops, vegetative and spikelet development play important roles in grain yield and quality, but the genetic mechanisms that control vegetative and spikelet development remain poorly understood in rice. here, we identified a new rice mutant, defective glume 1 (dg1) mutant from cultivar zhonghua11 after ethyl methanesulfonate treatment. the dg1 mutant displayed the dwarfism with small, rolled leaves, which resulted from smaller cells and more bulliform cells. the dg1 mutant also had an e ...201728428794
manipulation of glyoxalase pathway confers tolerance to multiple stresses in rice.crop plants face a multitude of diverse abiotic and biotic stresses in the farmers' fields. although there now exists a considerable knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of response to individual stresses, the crosstalk between response pathways to various abiotic and biotic stresses remains enigmatic. here, we investigated if the cytotoxic metabolite methylglyoxal (mg), excess of which is generated as a common consequence of many abiotic and biotic stresses, may serve as a key molecule linkin ...201728425127
non-essential element concentrations in brown grain rice: assessment by advanced data mining techniques.the concentrations of 17 non-essential elements (al, as, ba, be, cd, ce, cr, hg, la, li, pb, sb, sn, sr, th, ti, and tl) were determined in brown grain rice samples of two varieties: fortuna and largo fino. the samples were collected from the four main producing regions of corrientes province (argentina). quantitative determinations were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (icp-ms), using a validated method. the contents of as, be, cd, ce, cr, hg, pb, sb, sn, th, and tl wer ...201728424959
evolutionary analysis of snf1-related protein kinase2 (snrk2) and calcium sensor (scs) gene lineages, and dimerization of rice homologs, suggest deep biochemical conservation across angiosperms.members of the sucrose non-fermenting related kinase group2 (snrk2) subclasses are implicated in both direct and indirect abscisic acid (aba) response pathways. we have used phylogenetic, biochemical, and transient in vivo approaches to examine interactions between triticum tauschii protein kinase 1 (ttpk1) and an interacting protein, oryza sativa snrk2-calcium sensor (osscs1). given that ttpk1 has 100% identity with its rice ortholog, osmotic stress/aba-activated protein kinase (ossapk2), we hy ...201728424709
qtl analysis and dissection of panicle components in rice using advanced backcross populations derived from oryza sativa cultivars hr1128 and 'nipponbare'.panicle traits are among the most important agronomic characters which directly relate to yield in rice. grain number (gn), panicle length (pl), primary branch number (pbn), and secondary branch number (sbn) are the major components of rice panicle structure, and are all controlled by quantitative trait loci (qtls). in our research, four advanced backcross overlapping populations (bil152, bil196a, bil196b, and bil196b-156) carrying introgressed segments from chromosome 6 were derived from an ind ...201728422981
distribution, genetic diversity and potential spatiotemporal scale of alien gene flow in crop wild relatives of rice (oryza spp.) in colombia.crop wild relatives (cwrs) of rice hold important traits that can contribute to enhancing the ability of cultivated rice (oryza sativa and o. glaberrima) to produce higher yields, cope with the effects of climate change, and resist attacks of pests and diseases, among others. however, the genetic resources of these species remain dramatically understudied, putting at risk their future availability from in situ and ex situ sources. here we assess the distribution of genetic diversity of the four ...201728421550
regulation of coniferaldehyde 5-hydroxylase expression to modulate cell wall lignin structure in rice.regulation of a gene encoding coniferaldehyde 5-hydroxylase leads to substantial alterations in lignin structure in rice cell walls, identifying a promising genetic engineering target for improving grass biomass utilization. the aromatic composition of lignin greatly affects utilization characteristics of lignocellulosic biomass and, therefore, has been one of the primary targets of cell wall engineering studies. limited information is, however, available regarding lignin modifications in monoco ...201728421330
selective sweep with significant positive selection serves as the driving force for the differentiation of japonica and indica rice cultivars.asian cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.), including japonica and indica, is unarguable the most important crop in asia as well as worldwide. however, a decisive conclusion of its origination and domestication processes are still lacking. nowadays, the ever-increasing high-throughput sequencing data of numerous rice samples have provided us new opportunities to get close to the answer of these questions.201728420345
genome-wide analysis of vq motif-containing proteins in moso bamboo (phyllostachys edulis).29 moso bamboo vq proteins were genome-wide identified for the first time, and bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary divergence. the qrt-pcr data show that pevq genes response to different stress treatments. accumulating evidence suggests that vq motif-containing proteins in rice (oryza sativa), arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), and maize (zea mays) play fundamental roles in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. however, lit ...201728417193
brachytic 1 of barley (hordeum vulgare l.) encodes the α subunit of heterotrimeric g protein.physiological and molecular biological analysis of the dwarf barley (hordeum vulgare l.) mutant brachytic 1 (brh1) was conducted. the root responses of brh1 to brassinolide were weaker than those of wild type, but the responses of leaf segments of dark-grown plants were not. responses of brh1 to gibberellin a3 were similar to or slightly stronger than those of wild type. endogenous levels of these hormones in young seedlings were not clearly different between brh1 and wild type. skotomorphogenes ...201728412605
genome-wide changes in microrna expression during short and prolonged heat stress and recovery in contrasting rice cultivars.micrornas (mirnas) are known to regulate expression of genes under stress. we report here the deep sequencing of small rnas expressed during control, short and prolonged heat stress and recovery. genome-wide identification of mirnas in tolerant (nagina 22) and susceptible (vandana) rice cultivars was performed in 16 samples representing root and shoot of 13-day-old seedlings. the expression profile of mirnas was analysed in 36 pairwise combinations to identify the genotype-, treatment- and tissu ...201728407080
lethal albinic seedling, encoding a threonyl-trna synthetase, is involved in development of plastid protein synthesis system in rice.an albinic rice is caused by mutation of threonyl-trna synthetase, which is essential for plant development by stabilizing of nep and pep gene expressions and chloroplast protein synthesis. chloroplast biogenesis and development depend on complex genetic mechanisms. apart from their function in translation, aminoacyl-trna synthetases (aarss) play additional role in gene expression regulation, rna splicing, and cytokine activity. however, their detailed functions in plant development are still po ...201728405745
comparative analysis of expression profiles of panicle development among tolerant and sensitive rice in response to drought stress.water deficit caused a serious threat to crops, especially panicle development at reproductive growth phase. we investigated grain yield components and gene expression profiles of panicle among tolerant and sensitive rice in response to drought stress. panicle morphologies exhibited that secondary branches per panicle were more severely affected as compared to primary branches per panicle. moreover, grain weight per panicle showed significant decrease for both tolerant and sensitive varieties ex ...201728405199
regulation of strigolactone biosynthesis by gibberellin signaling.strigolactones (sls) are a class of plant hormones that regulate diverse physiological processes, including shoot branching and root development. they also act as rhizosphere signaling molecules to stimulate the germination of root parasitic weeds and the branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. although various types of cross talk between sls and other hormones have been reported in physiological analyses, the cross talk between gibberellin (ga) and sls is poorly understood. we screened for c ...201728404726
a secreted chitinase-like protein (osclp) supports root growth through calcium signaling in oryza sativa.chitinases belong to a conserved protein family and play multiple roles in defense, development and growth regulation in plants. here, we identified a secreted chitinase-like protein, osclp, which functions in rice growth. a t-dna insertion mutant of osclp (osclp) showed significant retardation of root and shoot growth. a comparative proteomic analysis was carried out using root tissue of wild-type and the osclp mutant to understand the osclp-mediated rice growth retardation. results obtained re ...201728401568
gw5 acts in the brassinosteroid signalling pathway to regulate grain width and weight in rice.grain size is a major determinant of grain yield in cereal crops. qsw5/gw5, which exerts the greatest effect on rice grain width and weight, was fine-mapped to a 2,263-bp/21-kb genomic region containing a 1,212-bp deletion, respectively. here, we show that a gene encoding a calmodulin binding protein, located ∼5 kb downstream of the 1,212-bp deletion, corresponds to qsw5/gw5. gw5 is expressed in various rice organs, with highest expression level detected in young panicles. we provide evidence th ...201728394310
oslg3 contributing to rice grain length and yield was mined by ho-lamap.most agronomic traits in rice are complex and polygenic. the identification of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for grain length is an important objective of rice genetic research and breeding programs.201728385155
identified of a novel cis-element regulating the alternative splicing of lcdreb2.alternative splicing (as) is an important gene regulation mechanism in plants. despite the widespread use of as in plant gene expression regulation, the identification of the cis-elements involved in the as mechanism is rarely reported in plants. to explore the regulation mechanism of the as of lcdreb2, a dreb2 ortholog from sheepgrass (leymus chinensis), the genomic sequences of lcdreb2 and its homologs in poaceae were aligned, and six mutations were introduced in the conserved sequence of lcdr ...201728383047
rice fatty acyl-coa synthetase osacos12 is required for tapetum programmed cell death and male fertility.loss of function mutation of rice osacos12 impairs lipid metabolism-mediated anther cuticle and pollen wall formation, and interferes with tapetum programmed cell death, leading to male sterility. acyl-coa synthetase (acos) is one of the enzymes activating fatty acids for various metabolic functions in plants. here, we show that osacos12, an orthologue of arabidopsis acos5 in rice, is crucial for rice fertility. similar to acos5, osaocs12 mutant had no mature pollen. but unlike acos5, osaocs12 p ...201728382520
rice no pollen 1 (np1) is required for anther cuticle formation and pollen exine patterning.angiosperm male reproductive organs (anthers and pollen grains) have complex and interesting morphological features, but mechanisms that underlie their patterning are poorly understood. here we report the isolation and characterization of a male sterile mutant of no pollen 1 (np1) in rice (oryza sativa). the np1-4 mutant exhibited smaller anthers with a smooth cuticle surface, abnormal ubisch bodies, and aborted pollen grains covered with irregular exine. wild-type exine has two continuous layer ...201728378445
development and genetic characterization of a novel herbicide (imazethapyr) tolerant mutant in rice (oryza sativa l.).increased water and labour scarcity in major rice growing areas warrants a shift towards direct seeded rice cultivation under which management of weeds is a major issue. use of broad spectrum non-selective herbicides is an efficient means to manage weeds. availability of rice genotypes with complete tolerance against broad-spectrum non-selective herbicides is a pre-requisite for advocating use of such herbicides. in the present study, we developed an ems induced rice mutant, 'htm-n22', exhibitin ...201728378144
genetic enhancer analysis reveals that floral organ number2 and osmads3 co-operatively regulate maintenance and determinacy of the flower meristem in rice.meristems such as the shoot apical meristem and flower meristem (fm) act as a reservoir of stem cells, which reproduce themselves and supply daughter cells for the differentiation of lateral organs. in oryza sativa (rice), the floral organ number2 (fon2) gene, which is similar to arabidopsis clavata3, is involved in meristem maintenance. in fon2 mutants, the numbers of floral organs are increased due to an enlargement of the fm. to identify new factors regulating meristem maintenance in rice, we ...201728371923
a protective role for nitric oxide and salicylic acid for arsenite phytotoxicity in rice (oryza sativa l.).nitric oxide (no) and salicylic acid (sa) are important signaling molecules in plant system. in the present study both no and sa showed a protective role against arsenite (asiii) stress in rice plants when supplied exogenously. the application of no and sa alleviated the negative impact of asiii on plant growth. nitric oxide supplementation to asiii treated plants greatly decreased arsenic (as) accumulation in the roots as well as shoots/roots translocation factor. arsenite exposure in plants de ...201728371690
short and solid culm/rfl/apo2 for culm development in rice.the culm development of rice is characterized by elongation and medullary cavity (mc) formation, which are determined by node formation meristem and residual meristem, respectively. although many factors have been shown to affect culm elongation, molecules involved in mc formation remained to be identified. in this study, we show that a point mutation in short and solid culm (ssc), the rice homologue of arabidopsis lfy, resulted in plants with drastically reduced culm length and completely aboli ...201728370563
genome-wide association mapping for phenotypic plasticity in rice.phenotypic plasticity of plants in response to environmental changes is important for adapting to changing climate. less attention has been paid to exploring the advantages of phenotypic plasticity in resource-rich environments to enhance the productivity of agricultural crops. here, we examined genetic variation for phenotypic plasticity in indica rice (oryza sativa l.) across two diverse panels: (1) a phenomics of rice adaptation and yield (pray) population comprising 301 accessions; and (2) a ...201728370170
physicochemical, cooking, and textural characteristics of grains of different rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars of temperate region of india and their interrelationships.the aim of the study was to explore the physiochemical, cooking, and textural characteristics of 12 traditional rice cultivars grown in kashmir (india) and develop their interrelationship. the results revealed a significant variation (p ≤ .05) among the different characteristics analyzed on the basis of characteristics evaluated for each cultivar. the novel attributes depicted by these cultivars as reflected includes their higher kernel elongation during cooking, lowest solids in gruel loss and ...201728370117
the rice lysm receptor-like kinase oscerk1 is required for the perception of short-chain chitin oligomers in arbuscular mycorrhizal signaling.the rice lysin-motif (lysm) receptor-like kinase oscerk1 is now known to have a dual role in both pathogenic and symbiotic interactions. following the recent discovery that the oscerk1 mutant is unable to host arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, we have examined whether oscerk1 is directly involved in the perception of the short-chain chitin oligomers (myc-cos) identified in am fungal exudates and shown to activate nuclear calcium (ca2+ ) spiking in the rice root epidermis. an oscerk1 knockout mu ...201728369864
paralogs and mutants show that one dma synthase functions in iron homeostasis in rice.rice (oryza sativa) secretes 2'-deoxymugineic acid (dma) to acquire insoluble iron (fe) from the rhizosphere. in rice, dma is synthesized by dma synthase 1 (osdmas1), a member of the aldo-keto reductase super family. we screened osdmas1 paralogs for dma synthesis. none of these paralogs displayed in vitro dma synthesis activity, suggesting that rice only harbors one functional dmas. we further characterized osdmas1 mutant plants. we failed to screen homozygous knock-out plants (dmas-1), so we ch ...201728369596
bivalent formation 1, a plant-conserved gene, encodes an omph/coiled-coil motif-containing protein required for meiotic recombination in rice.meiosis is essential for eukaryotic sexual reproduction and plant fertility. in comparison with over 80 meiotic genes identified in arabidopsis, there are only ~30 meiotic genes characterized in rice (oryza sativa l.). many genes involved in the regulation of meiotic progression remain to be determined. in this study, we identified a sterile rice mutant and cloned a new meiotic gene, osbvf1 (bivalent formation 1) by map-based cloning. molecular genetics and cytological approaches were carried ou ...201728369589
x-ray diffraction analysis and in vitro characterization of the uam2 protein from oryza sativa.the role of seemingly non-enzymatic proteins in complexes interconverting udp-arabinopyranose and udp-arabinofuranose (udp-arabinosemutases; uams) in the plant cytosol remains unknown. to shed light on their function, crystallographic and functional studies of the seemingly non-enzymatic uam2 protein from oryza sativa (osuam2) were undertaken. here, x-ray diffraction data are reported, as well as analysis of the oligomeric state in the crystal and in solution. osuam2 crystallizes readily but for ...201728368284
heat-induced cytokinin transportation and degradation are associated with reduced panicle cytokinin expression and fewer spikelets per panicle in rice.cytokinins (ctks) regulate panicle size and mediate heat tolerance in crops. to investigate the effect of high temperature on panicle ctk expression and the role of such expression in panicle differentiation in rice, four rice varieties (nagina22, n22; huanghuazhan, hhz; liangyoupeijiu, lypj; and shanyou63, sy63) were grown under normal conditions and subjected to three high temperature treatments and one control treatment in temperature-controlled greenhouses for 15 days during the early reprod ...201728367158
an nadph oxidase rboh functions in rice roots during lysigenous aerenchyma formation under oxygen-deficient conditions.reactive oxygen species (ros) produced by the nadph oxidase, respiratory burst oxidase homolog (rboh), trigger signal transduction in diverse biological processes in plants. however, the functions of rboh homologs in rice (oryza sativa) and other gramineous plants are poorly understood. ethylene induces the formation of lysigenous aerenchyma, which consists of internal gas spaces created by programmed cell death of cortical cells, in roots of gramineous plants under oxygen-deficient conditions. ...201728351990
knox protein osh15 induces grain shattering by repressing lignin biosynthesis genes.seed shattering is an agronomically important trait. two major domestication factors are responsible for this: qsh1 and sh5. whereas qsh1 functions in cell differentiation in the abscission zone (az), a major role of sh5 is the repression of lignin deposition. we have determined that a knox protein, osh15, also controls seed shattering. knockdown mutations of osh15 showed reduced seed-shattering phenotypes. coimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that osh15 interacts with sh5 and qsh1, two pr ...201728351912
ectopic expression of ossta2 enhances salt stress tolerance in rice.salt stress can severely reduce crop yields. to understand how rice (oryza sativa) plants respond to this environmental challenge, we investigated the genes involved in conferring salt tolerance by screening t-dna tagging lines and identified ossta2-d (oryza sativa salt tolerance activation 2-dominant). in that line, expression of ossta2 was enhanced by approximately eightfold when compared with the non-transformed wild type (wt). this gene was highly expressed in the callus, roots, and panicles ...201728344585
using an active-optical sensor to develop an optimal ndvi dynamic model for high-yield rice production (yangtze, china).the successful development of an optimal canopy vegetation index dynamic model for obtaining higher yield can offer a technical approach for real-time and nondestructive diagnosis of rice (oryza sativa l) growth and nitrogen (n) nutrition status. in this study, multiple rice cultivars and n treatments of experimental plots were carried out to obtain: normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi), leaf area index (lai), above-ground dry matter (dm), and grain yield (gy) data. the quantitative rel ...201728338637
impact of thiamethoxam seed treatment on growth and yield of rice, oryza sativa.neonicotinoid seed treatments are widely used in agriculture. in rice, oryza sativa l., in the southern united states, neonicotinoid seed treatments are used to manage early-season populations of the rice water weevil, lissorhoptrus oryzophilus kuschel. in addition to their effects on pests, neonicotinoid seed treatments may benefit crop plants directly by increasing plant growth or altering plant responses to stresses. as part of an effort to assess the overall benefits of thiamethoxam seed tre ...201728334296
population distribution and range expansion of the invasive mexican rice borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) in louisiana.the mexican rice borer, eoreuma loftini (dyar) (lepidoptera: crambidae), is an invasive pest that was first introduced into southern texas in 1980 and has been expanding its range eastward along the united states gulf coast. the pest attacks rice (oryza sativa l.), sugarcane (saccharum spp.), corn (zea mays l.), and other graminaceous crops, and its establishment in louisiana is expected to have severe economic impacts on crop production. range expansion and population distribution of e. loftini ...201728334259
mapping the n-linked glycosites of rice (oryza sativa l.) germinating embryos.germination is a key event in the angiosperm life cycle. n-glycosylation of proteins is one of the most common post-translational modifications, and has been recognized to be an important regulator of the proteome of the germinating embryo. here, we report the first n-linked glycosites mapping of rice embryos during germination by using a hydrophilic interaction chromatography (hilic) glycopeptides enrichment strategy associated with high accuracy mass spectrometry identification. a total of 242 ...201728328971
the small auxin-up rna ossaur45 affects auxin synthesis and transport in rice.this research is the first to demonstrate that ossaur45 is involved in plant growth though affecting auxin synthesis and transport by repressing osyucca and ospin gene expression in rice. small auxin-up rnas (saurs) comprise a large multigene family and are rapidly activated as part of the primary auxin response in plants. however, little is known about the role of saurs in plant growth and development, especially in monocots. here, we report the biological function of ossaur45 in the model plan ...201728321650
rational design of high-yield and superior-quality rice.rice (oryza sativa l.) is a staple food for more than half of the world's population. to meet the ever-increasing demand for food, because of population growth and improved living standards, world rice production needs to double by 20301. the development of new elite rice varieties with high yield and superior quality is challenging for traditional breeding approaches, and new strategies need to be developed. here, we report the successful development of new elite varieties by pyramiding major g ...201728319055
cadmium adsorption, chelation and compartmentalization limit root-to-shoot translocation of cadmium in rice (oryza sativa l.).strategies to reduce cadmium (cd) in rice grain, below concentrations that represent serious human health concerns, require that the mechanisms of cd distribution and accumulation within rice plants be established. here, a comprehensive hydroponic experiment was performed to investigate the differences in the cd uptake, chelation and compartmentalization between high (d83b) and low (d62b) cd-accumulation cultivars contrasting in cd accumulation in order to establish the roles of these processes ...201728303536
silicon alleviates simulated acid rain stress of oryza sativa l. seedlings by adjusting physiology activity and mineral nutrients.silicon (si) has been a modulator in plants under abiotic stresses, such as acid rain. to understand how silicon made an effect on rice (oryza sativa l.) exposed to simulated acid rain (sar) stress, the growth, physiologic activity, and mineral nutrient content in leaves of rice were investigated. the results showed that combined treatments with si (1.0, 2.0, or 4.0 mm) and sar (ph 4.0, 3.0, or 2.0) obviously improved the rice growth compared with the single treatment with sar. incorporation of ...201728303353
qtl hotspots for early vigor and related traits under dry direct-seeded system in rice (oryza sativa l.).strong seedling vigor is desirable trait in dry direct-seeded rice (dsr) for enhancing crop establishment and the ability to compete against weeds. a set of 253 bc3f4 lines derived from cross between swarna and moroberekan was phenotyped for early vigor (ev) and 8 related traits viz., early uniform emergence (eue), shoot length (shl), stem length (sl), shoot fresh weight (sfw), total fresh weight (tfw), shoot dry weight (sdw), total dry weight (tdw), and root dry weight (rdw). composite interval ...201728303149
molecular dissection of the response of the rice systemic acquired resistance deficient 1 (sard1) gene to different types of ionizing radiation.exposure to ionizing radiation induces plant defenses by regulating the expression of response genes. the systemic acquired resistance deficient 1 (sard1) is a key gene in plant defense response. in this study, the function of oryza sativa sard1 (ossard1) was investigated after exposure of seeds/plants to ionizing radiation, jasmonic acid (ja) or salicylic acid (sa).201728299960
examining two sets of introgression lines reveals background-independent and stably expressed qtl that improve grain appearance quality in rice (oryza sativa l.).a novel qtl cluster for appearance quality on chr07 was identified using reciprocal introgression populations in different locations in china. two secondary f 2 populations validated qtl with significant effect on appearance quality. appearance quality (aq) is the main determinants of market value of rice. identification of qtl affecting aq is the prerequisite for efficient improvement of aq through marker-assisted selection (mas). two sets of reciprocal introgression lines derived from indica m ...201728299373
arsenic transport in rice and biological solutions to reduce arsenic risk from rice.rice (oryza sativa l.) feeds ∼3 billion people. due to the wide occurrence of arsenic (as) pollution in paddy soils and its efficient plant uptake, as in rice grains presents health risks. genetic manipulation may offer an effective approach to reduce as accumulation in rice grains. the genetics of as uptake and metabolism have been elucidated and target genes have been identified for genetic engineering to reduce as accumulation in grains. key processes controlling as in grains include as uptak ...201728298917
tissue-specific ubiquitination by ipa1 interacting protein1 modulates ipa1 protein levels to regulate plant architecture in rice.plant architecture, a collection of genetically controlled agronomic traits, is one of the decisive factors that determine grain production. ideal plant architecture1 (ipa1) encodes a key transcription factor with pleiotropic effects on regulating plant architecture in rice (oryza sativa), and ipa1 expression is controlled at the posttranscriptional level by microrna156 and microrna529. here, we report the identification and characterization of ipa1 interacting protein1 (ipi1), a ring-finger e3 ...201728298520
abnormal inflorescence meristem1 functions in salicylic acid biosynthesis to maintain proper reactive oxygen species levels for root meristem activity in rice.root meristem activity determines root growth and root architecture and consequently affects water and nutrient uptake in plants. however, our knowledge about the regulation of root meristem activity in crop plants is very limited. here, we report the isolation and characterization of a short root mutant in rice (oryza sativa) with reduced root meristem activity. this root growth defect is caused by a mutation in abnormal inflorescence meristem1 (aim1), which encodes a 3-hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrog ...201728298519
transcription factor osdof18 controls ammonium uptake by inducing ammonium transporters in rice roots.nitrogen is one of the most important mineral elements for plant growth. we studied the functional roles of oryza sativa dna binding with one finger 18 (osdof18) in controlling ammonium uptake. the growth of null mutants of osdof18 was retarded in a medium containing ammonium as the sole nitrogen source. in contrast, those mutants grew normally in a medium with nitrate as the sole nitrogen source. the gene expression was induced by ammonium but not by nitrate. uptake of ammonium was lower in osd ...201728292004
effects of silicon on oryza sativa l. seedling roots under simulated acid rain stress.silicon (si) has an important function in reducing the damage of environmental stress on plants. acid rain is a serious abiotic stress factor, and si can alleviate the stress induced by acid rain on plants. based on these assumptions, we investigated the effects of silicon on the growth, root phenotype, mineral element contents, hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and antioxidative enzymes of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedling roots under simulated acid rain (sar) stress. the results showed that the combined ...201728291806
metagenome analysis of the root endophytic microbial community of indian rice (o. sativa l.).this study reports the root endophytic microbial community profile in rice (oryza sativa l.), the largest food crop of asia, using 16s rrna gene amplicon sequencing. metagenome of os01 and os04 consisted of 11,17,900 sequences with 300 mbp size and average 55.6% g + c content. data of this study are available at ncbi bioproject (prjna360379). the taxonomic analysis of 843 otu's showed that the sequences belonged to four major phyla revealing dominance of proteobacteria, firmicutes, cyanobacteria ...201728289604
effect of silicon fertilizers on cadmium in rice (oryza sativa) tissue at tillering stage.silicon has been found to enhance the plants' tolerance to heavy metal stress. in a field study, the effect of different types of si-rich soil amendments (slag, ground slag, and diatomaceous earth) and fertilizers (activated slag, ground activated slag, and commercial si fertilizer) on the distribution of soluble and insoluble forms of cd in the rice plant organs grown on long-term cultivated paddy soil contaminated with cd (central part of hunan province, china) was investigated. the soluble si ...201728283985
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