Publications

virus inactivation by grapes and wines.	infusions and extracts of different grapes inactivated poliovirus; agents responsible for this property resided in the skin of the grape. commercial grape juice at both natural and neutral ph inactivate various enteric viruses and herpes simplex virus; a 1,000-fold reduction in poliovirus infectivity occurred after incubation with grape juice, ph 7.0, for 24 h at 4 degrees c. a variety of wines were antiviral but to a lesser extent than grape juice; red wines were more antiviral than white. anti ...	1976	12719
effect of acid ph, salts, and temperature on the infectivity and physical integrity of enteroviruses.	at 2 degrees and 30 degrees c, enteroviruses are more stable on the acid than on the alkaline side of neutrality. in the range from ph 3 to 9, temperature is so influential that the fastest inactivation rate at 2 degrees c is slower than the slowest inactivation rate at 30 degrees c. specific ions or salts also affect the rate of inactivation of enteroviruses. nacl and other chloride salts enhance the inactivation of poliovirus at ph 3. nacl is considerably less effective against poliovirus in t ...	1976	13766
selective inhibiton of uncoating of echovirus 12 by rhodanine. a study on early virus-cell interactions.		1977	16383
identification of the virucidal agent in wastewater sludge.	anaerobically digested sludge contains an agent that causes irreversible inactivation of poliovirus. it has now been shown that the agent responsible for this activity is ammonia. the effect of ammonia on poliovirus appears to be typical for picornaviruses, but reovirus, an enteric virus of another group, is quite resistant to this compound. because ammonia is not virucidal in its charged state, it expresses significant activity only at ph values greater than 8. therefore, increasing the ph of s ...	1977	17367
the complex reaction kinetics of echo-1 virus with chlorine in water.		1977	22871
coxsackie b2 virus infection and acute-onset diabetes in a child.		1977	192407
echovirus 12-induced host cell shutoff is prevented by rhodanine.		1977	194165
comparison of primary rhesus and cynomolgus monkey kidney cell cultures for viral isolation from clinical specimens.	rhesus monkey kidney and cynomolgus monkey kidney cell cultures were compared for viral isolation by using clinical specimens that yielded 203 viral isolates. cynomolgus and rhesus monkey kidney cells were comparable for the isolation of 22 adenoviruses, 12 coxsackieviruses, and one poliovirus. four of 50 echoviruses and seven of ten herpesviruses were detected only in cynomolgus monkey kidney cells. influenza virus was isolated in 84 instances, of which eight were detected only in rhesus and fo ...	1977	195459
[importance of the results of a virological examination of sewage. a comparison of the series of enteroviruses isolated from sewage and from the feces of virus excreters].	simultaneous examinations for the presence of enteroviruses were carried out on sewage of the central aeration station, periferal collectors of the most populous institutions, preschool children's institutions as well as feces of children attending these institutions in a community of urban type. a high degree of coincidence of spectra of enteroviruses isolated from sewage of the central station, periferal collectors, sewage of children's institutions, and from the feces of most virus excretors ...	1977	201103
the viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in children in uganda.	the role of viruses in respiratory diseases of young children in uganda was studied. a viral etiology was established in 36% of the infections investigated. the most important pathogens were found to be respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza viruses, which were responsible for 26% of infections investigated. they caused both upper and lower respiratory tract diseases. there was little or no seasonal variation in the etiology of these infections. adenoviruses were found to be less importan ...	1977	201391
[encephalomyelitis of atypical course probably caused by echovirus 7].	the authors report a cases of encephalomyelytis caused probably by echo7 virus which was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid after 45 days of disease. during 120 days 4 relapses of the disease were observed associated with severe general and neurological signs and cerebral coma which ultimately was the cause of death.	1977	593511
[studies of an epidemic episode of serous meningitis caused by echo-virus 30].	the authors report an outbreak of echo 30 aseptic meningitis occurred in marche and umbria countries from november 1975 to june 1976. the clinic, epidemiologic characteristics and the serological and virological results of 28 cases are discussed.	1977	597392
[viral meningoencephalitis: late development].	two years ago, we performed a precocious evolutive eeg study of a specimen not selected from the virus me to echo 4 burst (cepa prima) late 1972 to early 1973 (6). some time between the appearance of the first symptoms and the 8 weeks following, alterations of cerebral electrogenesis became manifest in this study. these alterations disappeared or dimished in significance in the more tardy outlines: focalization tendency, tendency to change from "suffering" to "irritative" aspect. during this yea ...	1977	616553
rd cells in the laboratory diagnosis of enteroviruses.	it is shown that, in addition to the already known replication of coxsackie a viruses, 16 out of 18 different types of echo viruses tested as well as all three types of polioviruses can also be grown in rd cells with the development of a pronounced cpe. one of the exceptions, echo virus type 16, can be propagated in either hel or hfdk cells and the other, echo virus type 22, in vero cells. these four permanent or semi-permanent cell cultures thus prove very useful for the isolation of most of th ...	1977	203835
febrile neonatal illness associated with echo virus type 5 in the cerebrospinal fluid.		1977	844242
isolation and characterization of an echovirus, intratypic variant of echovirus 33.		1977	851399
the use of rd cells in the isolation of echo type 30 virus from patients with aseptic meningitis.	between early july and august 1976, 60 cases of aseptic meningitis and pharyngitis in children from various parts of west germany were reported to this institute. successful virus isolation from spinal fluid in 12 out of 36 cases was greatly facilitated by the use of rd cell tissue cultures, whereas isolation attempts in hel, vero, and hfdk cells were unsuccessful. in all cases, the isolated virus was identified as echo type 30. neutralization studies with sera of 48 remaining cases also using r ...	1977	875886
echovirus type 7 isolated from conjunctival scrapings.	echovirus type 7 was isolated from 7 conjunctival scrapings obtained during an epidemic of meningoencephalitis caused by the same virus. the patients suffered from conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis, and also had gastrointestinal symptoms, fever, headache and lymphadenopathy early in their illness. two characteristics of the isolated strains were not in agreement with those of the standard echovirus type 7: they adapted only slowly to cell cultures, and no viral hemagglutinin for human red b ...	1977	897572
surface charge of dengue virus hemagglutinins prepared from infected mouse brains.	surface charge of dengue virus hemagglutinin (ha) prepared from infected suckling mouse brains was studied by sucrose gradient electrophoresis. the findings were as follows: (1) both the slow- and rapid-sedimenting hemagglutinins (sha and rha, respectively) prepared after streptomycin treatment of the brain homogenate were distributed broadly within the gradient after electrophoresis, while echovirus type 7 ha which was used as a reference migrated narrowly, suggesting heterogeneity of the surfa ...	1977	916352
persistent and fatal central-nervous-system echovirus infections in patients with agammaglobulinemia.	we observed persistent echovirus infection of the central nervous system, as defined by continued presence of isolatable virus in cerebrospinal fluid, in five patients with agammaglobulinemia. the immunologic deficit in each was characterized by absence of surface-immunoglobulin-bearing b lymphocytes and of lymph-node cortical follicles, but normal t-cell function. echoviruses 30, 19, 9 and 33 were recovered from cerebrospinal fluid for periods varying from two months to three years. the patient ...	1977	301244
aggregation of enterovirus small plaque variants and polioviruses under low ionic strength conditions.	virion aggregation in low ionic conditions was observed with small plaque variants of coxsackievirus type b3 and echovirus types 4 and 11 by sedimentation and filtration methods. inclusion of salts or deae-dextran into the media prevented or reversed virion aggregation. the effect of ph on aggregate formation in low ionic strength solutions was also investigated with various strains of poliovirus. type i sabin strain formed aggregates even at high ph, while mahoney strains did so only below ph 6 ...	1978	204734
role of sediment in the persistence of enteroviruses in the estuarine environment.	the survival of four enteroviruses commonly found in sewage effluents was examined when the viruses were adsorped to marine sediments in estuarine water and compared with virus survival in estuarine water alone. echovirus 1, coxsackieviruses b3 and a9, and poliovirus 1 survived longer when associated with marine sediment. when the estuarine water was polluted with secondarily treated sewage effluent, virus survived for prolonged periods in sediments, but not in the overlaying estuarine water.	1978	206204
intranuclear crystal formation in picornavirus-infected cells.	cells infected with echovirus or poliovirus were incubated at a suboptimal temperature (28 degrees c). when the cells were examined by electron microscopy, not only were crystalline arrays of mature virus particles observed in the cytoplasm but crystals composed of immature virus-like particles were also evident in the less electron-dense central region of the nucleus. immunofluorescent and autoradiographic studies revealed the presence of viral proteins and rna in the nucleus. these findings st ...	1978	208486
[virological and pathological long term observation of pancreatitis in mice infected with coxsackie virus b3 (author's transl)].		1978	211725
[rapid virus diagnosis by electrosyneresis (author's transl)].	electrosyneresis (counter-current immunoelectrophoresis) detected the presence of 7 coxsackieviruses and 1 poliovirus in 70 specimens of stools. identical results were obtained by inoculation of mice and tissue cultures. first screening of specimens was undertaken with a human "standard" gammaglobulin; only specimens precipitating with this reagent contained viral antigens. hence, especially in children, all negative stools could be excluded from subsequent tests with antiserum pools and monospe ...	1978	211893
survey of human virus occurrence in wastewater-recharged groundwater on long island.	treated wastewater effluents and groundwater observation wells from three sewage recharge installations located on long island were assayed on a monthly basis for indigenous human enteroviruses and coliform bacteria for a period of 1 year. viruses were detected in groundwater at sites where recharge basins were located less than 35 feet (ca. 10.6 m) above the aquifer. results from one of the sites indicated the horizontal transfer of viable viruses through the groundwater aquifer.	1978	211935
virus-induced diabetes mellitus. xv. beta cell damage and insulin-dependent hyperglycemia in mice infected with coxsackie virus b4.	coxsackie virus b4 that had been passaged in cultures enriched for pancreatic beta cells produced a diabetes-like syndrome when inoculated into sjl/j mice. the infection resulted in insulitis and destruction of beta cells. viral antigens were found in beta cells by staining with fluorescein-labeled antibody to coxsackie virus b4. the destruction of beta cells led to a decrease in the immunoreactive insulin content of the pancreas and hypoinsulinemia. the reduction in immunoreactive insulin corre ...	1978	212506
[suppression of viral reproduction by means of specific action on the cell].		1978	212895
coxsackie b4 viral infection, anti-islet immunity and immunogenetics in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.	the interrelationship between coxsackie b4 (cb4) virus antibodies, islet-cell antibodies and hla b8 was studied in 67 patients with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus (jod). in 41 jod patients (61%) cb4 antibodies (greater than 1:4) were found. a high prevalence (69%) of significant cb4 antibody titers (greater than 1:64) was observed in patients with age at onset between 11 and 20 years compared with those with age at onset below or over that age-range (27% and 33%, respectively). islet-cell anti ...	1978	212915
coxsackievirus in an infant chimpanzee.	coxsackie b viruses may cause a severe, often fatal, illness in newborn and infant human subjects. as recorded in this case, infant chimpanzees respond similarly to coxsackie b-5 virus.	1978	213604
coxsackievirus b cardiopathy and angiopathy in the hypercholesterolemic host.	studies on the pathogenic potential of the human cardiotropic enterovirus, coxsackievirus b5, show that this agent localizes and replicates in the aorta of mice. nutritionally-induced hypercholesterolemia leads to an increased replication and persistence of virus in tissues, specifically the aorta. coxsackievirus b cardiopathy is markedly augmented in the hypercholesterolemic host, resulting in a persistent cardiomyolysis which is not evident in virus-infected animals with normal cholesterol lev ...	1978	214092
[formation of heterosymplasts in human reticular cell cultures].	the cell fusion has been studied in human reticular cell cultures j-96 and j-41 treated with the sendai virus or with polyethylene glycol 1000 and 6000. the j-96 cells have a high alkaline phosphatase activity, in j-41 cells the enzyme is not detectable. no heterogenous alkaline phosphatase activity was seen in the protoplasm of symplasts 18 hours after virus cell fusion. it has been shown with polyethylene glycol treatment that during the fusion of cells j-96 and j-41 the enzyme activity was sp ...	1978	214917
viral pollution of surface waters due to chlorinated primary effluents.	the role of chlorinated primary effluents in viral pollution of the ottawa river (ontario) was assessed by examining 282 field samples of wastewaters from two different sewage treatment plants over a 2-year period. the talc-celite technique was used for sample concentration, and bs-c-1 cells were employed for virus detection. viruses were detected in 80% (75/94) of raw sewage, 72% (68/94) of primary effluent, and 56% (53/94) of chlorinated effluent samples. both raw sewage and primary effluent s ...	1978	215085
the relative effectiveness of commonly used disinfectants in inactivation of coxsackievirus b5.	coxsackievirus b5 in the presence of fetal calf serum was exposed to six commonly used disinfectants for times of 10, 20 and 30 s. at the end of exposure times skim milk neutralized the disinfectant activity, with residual virus assayed by the plaque technique. the six disinfectants considered were javex, sodium hydroxide, ethanol, wescodyne, one stroke ves-phene and sonacide. although 95% (v/v) ethanol was significantly more virucidal than dilutions of the other five disinfectants tested causin ...	1978	215674
potentiation of coxsackievirus b3 infection in adult mice pretreated with a gold salt.	in mice treated with sodium aurothiomalate (myocrisin), prior to infection with coxsackievirus b3, 90% of the animals died by the 11th day postinfection (p.i.). a mortality of 10% was noted in mice receiving myocrisin only, and no deaths occurred in animals infected with virus alone. the highest amount of virus was recovered from the pancreas of myocrisin-treated mice on day 3 p.i. this was over 500-fold higher than the virus titer found in the pancreas of mice infected with virus only. generall ...	1978	215719
coxsackie myocarditis complicating treatment of hodgkin's lymphoma.	a fatal case of coxsackie b4 myocarditis complicating treatment of hodgkin's lymphoma in an adult is reported. the virus was isolated from the myocardium obtained at autopsy and light microscopy confirmed a myocarditis with involvement of the conduction system. electron-microscopy showed dense mitochondrial inclusions. coxsackie myocarditis rarely results in death of affected adults. it is postulated in this case that the treatment of the hodgkin's lymphoma resulted in b lymphocyte depletion, al ...	1978	216341
[pancreatic lesion in newborn mice caused by coxsackie b1 virus].	changes in the pancreatic gland manifested by necrosis of excretory cells and marked atrophy of insulae with the loss of beta-cells producing insulin were observed experimentally in suckling mice infected with coxsackie b1 virus. it is suggested that the above changes of the pancreas may be a model of human diseases caused by coxsackie viruses, including a model of development of some cases of diabetes.	1978	217317
[production of interferon and virus-neutralizing antibodies in adult mice infected with enteroviruses during the neonatal period].	newborn albino mice were inoculated with enteroviruses and in 6 weeks reinfected with homologous or heterologous strains. strains moderately pathogenic for newborn mice led to formation of specific immunologic memory. mice infected after birth with highly pathogenic strains produced specific antibodies for a long time and lacked secondary response. production of interferon was not associated either with the strain pathogenicity for newborn mice or with the presence of antibodies.	1978	667327
[echo type 30 virus as the etiological agent of meningitis in 1975 in warsaw].		1978	715232
structure and replication of echovirus type 12. 1. analysis of the polypeptides and rna of echovirus 12 particles.	the propagation of echovirus 12 in green monkey kidney (gmk) cells, a continuous cell line, is described. virions and empty capsids are purified to homogeneity by cscl density and by velocity centrifugation. the protein composition of the particles as compared to poliovirus 2 particles is analyzed by dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. infectious virions were found to be composed of four different polypeptide chains of molecular weights 33,000, 31,000, 24,000 and 7,000. some addi ...	1978	729593
structure and replication of echovirus type 12. 2. viral polypeptides synthesized in the infected cell.	a technique has been devised which allows us to label predominantly echovirus-12-specific proteins: upon infection in the presence of d-(--)-2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)benzimidazole plus actinomycin d the shut-off of host-cell protein synthesis takes place as in infected, untreated cells, but the bulk of viral protein synthesis is inhibited. upon removal of 2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)benzimidazole a peak of viral protein synthesis is visible 3 h later. the time course of appearance of viral proteins is ...	1978	729594
myocarditis caused by echo type 11 virus.		1978	757013
a simple method for concentration of enteroviruses and rotaviruses from cell culture harvests using membrane filters.	organic compounds in cell culture harvests known as membrane-coating components (mcc) prevent virus adsorption to membrane filters. blending cell culture harvests with fluorocarbon removed the mcc and permitted adsorption of virus in acidified harvests to epoxy-fiberglass filters. subsequent elution with high ph buffer resulted in recovery of greater than 90% of the virus with concentrations of up to 100-fold.	1978	202572
coxsackie a 13 virus in the foci of rheumatism.	faeces and nasopharyngeal washing were examined in 12 patients and 27 contacts of these patients in family foci (primary foci) of rheumatism and in 37 patients and 32 contacts of these patients in secondary foci of rheumatism (in hospitals). results of stimultaneous examinations of 127 children of the control groups served as the control. an analysis of the results of the investigation showed the coxsackie a 13 virus was found considerably more frequently in both the patients (83.3%) and their c ...	1978	217930
antiviral activity of dipyridamole derivatives.	among 46 novel pyrimido 5.4-d pyrimidine derivatives, 26 compounds were found to exhibit antiviral activity as revealed in a test programme against mengo, coxsackie b1, fowl plague, vaccinia and pseudorabies viruses, as concerns inhibition of plaque formation and of infectious virus yield. attempts to disclose structure-activity relationships by discriminant analysis pointed to a possible importance of hydrophobic substitution for the antiviral effectiveness against mengo virus of the derivative ...	1978	29467
inactivation of enteroviruses by ascorbic acid and sodium bisulfite.	poliovirus type 1, coxsackievirus type a9, and echovirus type 7 were inactivated by sodium bisulfite and ascorbic acid. inactivation rates depended upon concentration, temperature, and ph. rna infectivity was lost during inactivation; the capsid was also altered by these inactivating agents, as determined by enzyme sensitivity assays and by tests of adsorption to cells. structural modifications of the virus particles were not identical, suggesting that the mechanism of inactivation by ascorbic a ...	1978	29558
development of quantitative methods for the detection of enteroviruses in sewage sludges during activation and following land disposal.	the development and evaluation of methods for the quantitative recovery of enteroviruses from sewage sludge are reported. activated sewage sludge solids were collected by centrifugation, and elution of the solid-associated virus was accomplished by mechanical agitation in glycine buffer at ph 11.0. eluted viruses were concentrated either onto an aluminum hydroxide floc or by association with a floc which formed de novo upon adjustment of the glycine eluate to ph 3.5. viruses which remained in th ...	1978	29559
antiviral effect of apple beverages.	a variety of apple beverages were tested for antiviral activity against poliovirus 1 or coxsackievirus b5. freshly prepared apple juice was particularly antiviral, but its activity declined more readily than that of commercial juice in response to heat and storage. the component responsible for activity was located both in the pulp and skin; after ultrafiltration, activity was present in fractions greater and less than molecular weight 10,000. virus infectivity was not restored from virus-apple ...	1978	32832
fatal echovirus 11 infections in outbreak in special-care baby unit.	in december, 1977, an outbreak of echovirus 11 infection occurred in the special-care baby unit of the cambridge maternity hospital. 3 neonates died, and of 24 infants on the ward during the epidemic 6 others were infected, 3 with symptoms. 3 infants had similar symptoms but virus could not be isolated. the pathological changes in the 3 fatal infections, have not previously been reported for echovirus 11; nor have fatal infections occurred in an epidemic in a special-care baby unit.	1978	80644
immune response of mice to coxsackie b4 virus infection.		1978	220187
course of coxsackie b antibodies during juvenile diabetes.	sera of 83 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes of early onset were tested for latex agglutination-inhibiting antibodies to coxsackie virus types b1-b5. we could not find any evidence of a causal association between coxsackie b virus infection and diabetes.	1978	45604
the relative effectiveness of commonly used disinfectants in inactivation of echovirus 11.	echovirus 11 in the presence of fetal calf serum was exposed to six commonly used disinfectants for times of 10, 20 and 30 s. at the end of such exposure times, skim milk neutralized disinfectant activity and residual virus was assayed using the plaque technique. the six disinfectants studied were javex, sodium hydroxide, ethanol, wescodyne, one stroke ves-phene, and sonacide. although 0.25% (w/v) sodium hydroxide and 95% (v/v) ethanol were equally virucidal and significantly more so than the ot ...	1978	99474
enterovirus infection in a semi-closed community.	infection with enteroviruses was studied over a 61-week period (during 1960-61) in a semi-closed child community in the detention home of the allegheny county juvenile court in pittsburgh, pennsylvania. while most of the viruses isolated were known adeno- and enterovirus types, three apparently represent new enterovirus types or 'prime strains'. viruses were isolated in all but 6 weeks of the 61-week study period from the gastro-intestinal tracts of 110 children out of a total population of 514 ...	1979	220514
pathogenesis of chronic myocarditis in mice infected with coxsackie b3 viruses.	infection of 300 mice of the swiss race with coxsackie b3 viruses gave rise to chronic myocarditis and endocarditis. the virus was cultured from the heart muscle 9 days post infection. between days 18 and 108 post infection, virtually all mice showed evidence of an active inflammatory process in the myocardium, and in one half there was proliferation of endothelial cells, and infitration and fibrosis in the endocardium. immunomorphologic studies demonstrated the precence of antiheart antibodies ...	1979	220933
csf viral antibodies. evaluation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and late-onset postpoliomyelitis progressive muscular atrophy.	serum and csf from 48 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and six patients with late-onset postpoliomyelitis progressive muscular atrophy were investigated for the presence of antibody to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3, coxsackie viruses b3 and b4, influenza a, measles, rubella, mumps, herpes simplex types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster, and toxoplasma gondii. these results were compared with those from 53 control patients with neuromuscular disease matched for age, sex, race, ...	1979	220938
fractionation and immunologic assessment of kcl-extracted cardiac antigens in coxsackievirus b3 virus-induced myocarditis.	hypertonic salt extracts prepared from the heart tissues of adolescent cd-1 mice were fractionated on sephadex g-100 columns. two separate fractions were obtained. fraction i, containing the antigenic immunoreactive activity, was able to inhibit the migration of cvb3-ppd immune mouse peritoneal exudate cells (impec) as well as pec from mice infected with cvb3 virus alone. fraction ii did not have antigenic activity as assessed by the agarose droplet cell migration inhibition assay. as controls, ...	1979	221592
migration of epithelial cells in the small intestine of mice perorally infected with coxsackievirus b5.	the rate of cell migration in the small intestine during enteric viral infections has not been assessed previously. cd-1 mice (33 days old) were infected perorally with 1.0 x 10(8) plague-forming units of coxsackievirus b5 and 12 hr later were injected intraperitoneally with 2 micron ci of [3h]thymidine/g of body weight. after 2, 12, 24, 48, 60, and 72 hr, mice were killed, and the small intestine was removed. specimens obtained at each interval were examined by radioautography; similar specimen ...	1979	221595
[the antiviral activity of performic acid (author's transl)].	under the experimental conditions chosen by the authors, it was demonstrated that the antiviral activity of performic acid against coxsackie virus b 1 is greater than that of peracetic acid.	1979	221942
virus isolated from juvenile diabetic.		1979	221976
lesions induced by encephalomyocarditis virus and coxsackievirus b in newborn mice.	electron microscopic studies of various tissues from virus-infected newborn mice disclosed a consistent form of viral cytonecrotic ultrastructural lesion in divergent types of cells (myocardial, valvular fibroblastic, aortic, exocrine and endocrine pancreatic, and hepatic cells) due to three different picornaviruses (coxsackieviruses b4 and b1 and encephalomyocarditis virus). the lesion is characterized by numerous membrane-vesicle complexes, margination of nuclear chromatin or nuclear pyknosis, ...	1979	222229
electron microscopic studies of viral pancreatitis in coxsackie b4 virus infected mice.		1979	222603
antibodies to coxsackie b viruses in congestive cardiomyopathy.	fifty patients with congestive cardiomyopathy have been studied for evidence of previous coxsackie b virus infection and compared with age- and sex-matched controls who had been admitted to hospital for investigation of other cardiac diseases. high neutralisation titres (greater than or equal to 1024) to coxsackie b viruses were more common among the controls. on subdividing the patients according to their length of symptomatic history before study, high titres were more common only in those wit ...	1979	223612
does insulin dependent diabetes mellitus have a viral etiology?	clinical, epidemiological, and experimental observations suggest that common viruses may play an etiologic role in at least some cases of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. the evidence is summarized and critically assessed in this presentation.	1979	223962
[clinical analysis of 78 cases of viral myocarditis].		1979	224241
[viral infection in the etiology of juvenile diabetes mellitus].		1979	224376
selective polymyositis inducted by coxsackievirus b1 in mice.	a high-passage laboratory strain of coxsackievirus b1 produced a unique myositis that predominantly and profoundly affected hip extensors and, to a lesser extent, hindquarter knee flexors when inoculated into a strain of random-bred newborn mice of swiss origin (coh mice). the effect was not observed in balb/c or c3h mice similarly inoculated. in addition to the differences in susceptibility of the mouse strains, it was found that six different low-passage "field" isolates of coxsackie-virus b1 ...	1979	225392
properties of coxsackievirus b3 variants which are amyocarditic or myocarditic for mice.	inoculation of adolescent cd-1 mice with one variant of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3m) results in induction of readily observable myocardial lesions, whereas inoculation of siblings with a second variant (cvb3o) results in little or no myocarditis. these variants could not be distinquished from each other on the basis of replication properties in hela cells or cardiac tissues in vivo, sensitivity to human interferon in hela cells, induction of interferon in the mouse, generation of detectable levels ...	1979	225441
effects of viral exposure of the two-cell mouse embryo on cleavage and blastocyst formation in vitro.	the effect of viral exposure of two-cell mouse embryos on their capacity to undergo subsequent cleavage and blastocyst formation in vitro was determined. exposure to coxsackie viruses b-4 and b-6, reovirus type 2, influenza virus type a, mouse cytomegalovirus, adenovirus type 5, and mouse adenovirus resulted in statistically significant inhibition of blastocyst formation. development in vitro was unaffected by exposure to echo virus type 11, attenuated poliomyelitis virus type 2, parainfluenza v ...	1979	225719
virus-induced diabetes mellitus: infection of mice with variants of encephalomyocarditis virus, coxsackievirus b4, and reovirus type 3.		1979	227239
effect of antiviral lipids, heat, and freezing on the activity of viruses in human milk.	semliki forest virus (sfv), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), coxsackievirus b4, and cytomegalovirus (cmv) were added to human milk, which was then subjected to treatments that approximated those required for the decontamination or storage of milk. boiling was the only treatment that eliminated these viruses from the milk. pasteurization (at 62.5 c for 30 min) did destroy cmv, but the other viruses could still be detected. all of the viruses except hsv-1 were detectable after the contaminated ...	1979	227969
[does an autoimmune process play a role in the pathogenesis of obstructive cardiomyopathy? (author's transl)].		1979	228507
factors involved in enzyme-linked immunoassay of viruses and evaluation of the method for identification of enteroviruses.	a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for identification of selected enteroviruses: poliovirus type 1, echovirus type 6, coxsackievirus a type 9, and coxsackievirus b types 1 through 6. partially purified viral antigens or virus-specific antibodies were adsorbed to polystyrene spectrophotometer cuvettes, which permitted the assays to be reported and compared in terms of enzyme units specifically reacting. both the adsorbed antigen and the adsorbed antibody methods were approx ...	1979	229122
clones of cells from a human embryo lung: their growth and susceptibility to respiratory viruses.	colonies of cells were obtained from human fetal lung tissue and exposed to recently isolated respiratory viruses. there was a considerable variation in the number of rounded cells found in different colonies exposed to rhinovirus types 2 and 9 (rv2 and 9), human coronavirus 229e (hcv), adenovirus type 3 (ad3) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). smaller colonies had more rounded cells than larger colonies. clones were established from 9 out of 11 colonies. they varied in their rate of growth ...	1979	229795
[method for isolation of enteroviruses from edible mollusca].	a method for recovery of poliovirus from experimentally inoculated mussels has been evaluated. the method, based on adsorption-elution-acid precipitation of virus particles, allows a recovery of more than 93% of the added virus.	1979	229885
the nature of virus-like particles in the paraxial muscles of idiopathic scoliosis.	virus-like particles (vlp) have been identified by electronmicroscopy in the skeletal muscles (paraxials) of six cases of idiopathic scoliosis. these particles closely resembled vlp reported in the skeletal muscles in other conditions, e.g. reye's syndrome, polymyositis, malignant hyperthermia, and chronic myopathy. we have shown by specific staining that these structures are composed of glycogen in a crystalline form. using coxsackie b infected tissue culture cells as a control we have shown th ...	1979	230331
secondary myocardial disease. virus myocarditis and cardiomyopathy.	in an attempt to prove the hypothesis that virus myocarditis may be a cause of idiopathic cardiomyopathy, clinical and experimental studies were performed. eleven patients with a presumptive or proven diagnosis of virus myocarditis were followed for one and a half to 13 years after the acute illness. one patient died in the acute stage, six recovered completely and one continued to have bifascicular block without subjective symptoms. three patients had exertional dyspnea, cardiomegaly and an abn ...	1979	230367
experimental study of virus myocarditis in culture.	in this present paper, the authors would like to present here two points of results from the experimental study concerning virus myocarditis in culture. one is the direct delicate features of heart cells affected with coxsackie b3 (cox. b3) virus viewed through both light microscope and electron microscope. the other is the fact that marked proliferation of fibroblastic cells take place to replace the heart cells impaired by the virus suggesting to us the possibility of one of the genesisses, re ...	1979	230368
an outbreak of diarrhea in school children associated with coxsackie virus b-3 infection.		1979	231430
[persistent non polio enterovirus infections associated with glomerulonephritis. 9 cases (author's transl)].	all patients are excreting the virus in urines and in 4 cases in stools. the virus has also been isolated from the blood. these cases focused on the possible role of enteroviruses as causal agents for the glomerulonephritis.	1979	231760
viral heat resistance and infectious ribonucleic acid.	high-titer suspensions of poliovirus 1 and coxsackievirus b-2 were shown to contain a heat-resistant fraction when heated for 65 min at temperature ranging from 56 to 70 degrees c. the addition of ribonuclease to the heated suspensions eliminated plaque production in the cell cultures, indicating that the resistant fraction was infectious ribonucleic acid that had been liberated from ruptured viruses during the heating process.	1979	231935
adsorption of enteroviruses to soil cores and their subsequent elution by artificial rainwater.	the adsorption and elution of a variety of human enteroviruses in a highly permeable, sandy soil was studied by using cores (43 by 125 mm) collected from an operating recharge basin on long island. viruses studied included field and reference strains of polioviruses types 1 and 3 and reference strains of coxsackie virus b3 and echovirus types 1 and 6. viruses suspended in treated sewage effluent were allowed to percolate through soil cores, and the filtrate was assayed for unadsorbed viruses. to ...	1979	231936
type 1 diabetes and coxsackie virus infection.	the role played by viruses in the aetiopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus has been studied by several authors; in particular the importance of coxsackie virus b4 infection has been stated by some authors and not confirmed by others. 43 diabetic children were studied at the time of the diagnosis of the disease. no viruses could be isolated from stools; the titres of anti-coxsackie viruses b1 to 6 complement fixing antibodies and anti-coxsackie virus b4 neutralizing antibodies, compared to c ...	1979	232095
enhancement of the antiviral activity of pyrimidine derivatives against mengovirus by visible light.	eleven pyrimido-pyrimidine derivatives, seven with significant antiviral activity against mengovirus, five against coxsackie b1 virus and four antiviral negative compounds were tested for their photosensitizing ability. all seven compounds with antiviral activity in vitro showed an enhanced antiviral action against mengovirus under irradiation with visible light, a fact that may be caused by photodynamic processes. it was tried to correlate the oxidation potentials of sensitizers with their phot ...	1979	232339
[use of the precipitation reaction for studying viral antibodies in blood sera].		1979	89261
virus, immunology and the heart.		1979	91842
[echovirus encephalitis during bruton disease. favorable development. therapeutic problems].	a 16 year old boy with bruton type agammaglobulinaemia developed acute encephalitis. echo virus type 3 was isolated on two occasions from the same sample of csf. clinical improvement occured after treatment with gammaglobulin with high anti-echo virus titers given intramuscularly and intrathecally. however the c.s.f. protein is still raised so that it is not certain he has been completely cured.	1979	93470
effect of specific antibodies on chronic echovirus type 5 encephalitis in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia.	the effects of specific antibodies in chronic echovirus type 5 (echo 5) encephalitis were investigated in a patient with x-linked hypogammaglobulinemia. virus was detected in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and blood despite treatment with commercial human gammaglobulin that contained low titers of antibodies to echo 5 (0.6 x 10(4) units per injection). virus disappeared from blood and csf when plasma containing high concentrations of antibodies (total dose, 1--4 x 10(4) units/kg) was administered int ...	1979	94337
partial reactivation of chlorine-treated echovirus.	after treatment of a dispersed suspension of echovirus with hocl, much of the lost plaque titer was restored if the treated virus was induced to aggregate by adjustment of the suspending medium to ph 4.5. this did not appear to be a repair of individual virions but rather a special kind of multiplicity-related increase in plaquing efficiency which occurred when the host cell received several of the damaged virions in a clump.	1979	36850
survival of coxsackievirus b3 under diverse environmental conditions.	the survival of coxsackievirus b3 was studied under various conditions of incubation. the comparative study demonstrated that coxsackievirus b3 was stable for 24h (less than 0.4-log decrease in titer) when suspended at neutral ph (6 or 23 degrees c) in the presence of 0.25% bovine serum albumin in saline regardless of whether the preparations were subjected to evaporation. bovine serum albumin provided increased stability to the virus for each of the conditions tested. at 37 degrees c, evaporati ...	1979	39495
ph modification of the effects of detergents on the stability of enteric viruses.	the effect of detergents on the stability of enteric viruses was found to be highly dependent on ph. this was demonstrated primarily with two ionic detergents, sodium dodecyl sulfate (an anionic detergent) and dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (a cationic detergent). both detergents were shown to be potent virucidal agents for reovirus, but the effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate were minimal near neutrality and much more pronounced at low than at high ph values. dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride ...	1979	42351
enterovirus inactivation in soil.	the inactivation of radioactively labeled poliovirus type 1 and coxsackievirus b 1 in soils saturated with surface water, groundwater, and septic tank liquor was directly proportional to temperature. virus persistence was also related to soil type and the liquid amendment in which viruses were suspended. at 37 degrees c, no infectivity was recovered from saturated soil after 12 days; at 4 degrees c, viruses persisted for at least 180 days. no infectivity was recovered from dried soil regardless ...	1979	44178
low molecular weight substitutes for beef extract as eluents for poliovirus adsorbed to membrane filters.	basic solutions of beef extract and casein were able to elute poliovirus adsorbed to four membrane filters with different chemical compositions. hydrolyzed protein and individual amino acids were able to elute virus adsorbed to certain filters but were unable to elute virus adsorbed to other filters efficiently. a solution of 4 m urea buffered at ph 9 with 0.05 m lysine was able to elute greater than 60% of the virus adsorbed to each of the filters tested. certain solutions of amino acids were c ...	1979	44223
easily hydrolyzable, water-soluble derivatives of (+/-)-alpha-5-[1-(indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2-methylamino-delta2-thiazoline-4-one, a novel antiviral compound.	the preparation of a series of indole n-acyl and n-carbamic esters of (+/-)-alpha-5-[1-(indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2-methylamino-delta2-thiazolin-4-one (1) is reported. these derivatives were synthesized as potential water-soluble precursors of the antiviral thiazolinone 1, for evaluation by intranasal administration against influenza and other respiratory infections caused by viruses. salts of the basic carbamic esters (16--19) possess the required water solubility, undergo rapid hydrolysis and decarbox ...	1979	218010
viral pericarditis in patients receiving hemodialysis.	four patients with end-stage renal disease in whom pericarditis developed while they received intermittent hemodialysis therapy were evaluated for viral infection. we found high or rising serum antibody titers to influenza virus a (three patients) and coxsackievirus b (one patient). cardiac tamponade occurred in three patients, requiring pericardiectomy in two; each patient eventually recovered. viral pericarditis may be an important cause of "uremic" pericarditis in chronically dialyzed patient ...	1979	218513
isolation of a virus from the pancreas of a child with diabetic ketoacidosis.	a healthy 10-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital in diabetic ketoacidosis within three days of onset of symptoms of a flu-like illness. he died seven days later and post-mortem examination showed lymphocytic infiltration of the islets of langerhans and necrosis of beta cells. inoculation of mouse, monkey and human cell cultures with homogenates from the patient's pancreas led to isolation of a virus. serologic studies revealed a rise in the titer of neutralizing antibody to this virus from ...	1979	219345
the etiology of diabetes mellitus.		1979	219346
neutralization of aggregated strains of enterovirus 71 and echovirus type 4 in rd and vero or gmk-ah1 cells.	strains of enterovirus 71 and echovirus type 4 containing aggregates which were poorly neutralized by antibody in cell lines of green monkey kidney origin such as vero and gmk-ah1, were as easily neutralized as non-aggregated strains when grown in human rd cells, the explanation for this may be a lesser degree of aggregation of viral materials originating from rd cells and/or the use of lower doses of virus for neutralization tests in such cells. the latter was a consequence of a higher sensitiv ...	1979	219662
assessment of coxsackievirus b3 ts mutants for induction of myocarditis in a murine model.	ten temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants isolated from a myocarditis-inducing wild-type (wt) coxsackievirus b3 parent did not induce myocarditis in adolescent cd-1 mice. an avirulent prototype ts mutant from one of the three complementation groups adsorbed to murine cardiac tissue, as did wt virus. heart tissues from mice inoculated with wt virus contained 100- to 1,000-fold more virus than heart tissues from mice inoculated with any of the three prototype ts mutants. wt virus exhibited a greater ...	1979	217832
[echo-11 virus infection in a 6-month-old infant showing clinical signs of varicella].		1979	424258
echovirus 33 replication in human peripheral white blood cells.	echovirus 33 isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with agammaglobulinemia was shown to replicate in vitro in peripheral leukocyte suspensions from a normal antibody negative donor. replication was demonstrated by use of sequential dilution experiments. washed glass adherent mononuclear cell cultures from a normal antibody negative donor were also capable of supporting echovirus 33 replication in vitro. leukocyte suspensions from the infected agammaglobulinemic patient extinguished ...	1979	479862