Publications

effects of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and curcumin on copper-induced oxidation of human serum lipids.	the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (ldl) is believed to be the initiating factor for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. the active ingredients of spices such as chili and turmeric (capsaicin and curcumin, respectively) have been shown to reduce the susceptibility of ldl to oxidation. one of the techniques used to study the oxidation of ldl is to isolate ldl and subject it to metal-induced (copper or iron) oxidation. however, whole serum may represent a closer situation to ...	2006	16910741
modulation of the function of the multidrug resistance-linked atp-binding cassette transporter abcg2 by the cancer chemopreventive agent curcumin.	curcumin (curcumin i), demethoxycurcumin (curcumin ii), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (curcumin iii) are the major forms of curcuminoids found in the turmeric powder, which exhibit anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. in this study, we evaluated the ability of purified curcuminoids to modulate the function of either the wild-type 482r or the mutant 482t abcg2 transporter stably expressed in hek293 cells and drug-selected mcf-7 flv1000 and mcf-7 advp3000 cells. curcuminoids inhib ...	2006	16928820
curcumin activated both receptor-mediated and mitochondria-mediated proteolytic pathways for apoptosis in human glioblastoma t98g cells.	the therapeutic effect of curcumin (ccm), a polyphenolic compound from the rhizome of curcuma longa, has not yet been examined in glioblastoma. we used human glioblastoma t98g cells to explore the efficacy of ccm for inducing apoptosis and identifying proteolytic mechanisms involved in this process. trypan blue dye exclusion test showed decrease in cell viability with increasing dose of ccm. wright staining and apoptag assay showed, respectively, morphological and biochemical features of apoptos ...	2006	16949208
inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in rat liver mitochondria by curcumin and its analogues.	curcumin (1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione, 1) is a yellow ingredient isolated from turmeric (curcumin longa). it has been shown to exhibit a variety of biological activities including antioxidative activity. in order to find more active antioxidants with 1 as the lead compound we synthesized curcumin analogues, i.e., 1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione (2), 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5- ...	2006	16236451
curcumin inhibits human colon cancer cell growth by suppressing gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptor through reducing the activity of the transcription factor egr-1.	high expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) is found in a variety of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. egfr has been identified as a rational target for anticancer therapy. curcumin, the yellow pigment of turmeric in curry, has received attention as a promising dietary supplement for cancer prevention and treatment. we recently reported that curcumin inhibited the growth of human colon cancer-derived moser cells by suppressing gene expression of cyclind1 and egfr. the aim ...	2006	16170359
curcumin suppresses constitutive activation of ap-1 by downregulation of jund protein in htlv-1-infected t-cell lines.	activation of the activator protein 1 (ap-1) plays a critical role in oncogenesis by human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 (htlv-1), the etiologic agent of adult t-cell leukemia (atl), and is required for maintenance of the malignant phenotype. curcumin (diferuloylmethane), the major pigment of the spice turmeric, has anti-tumor activity; however, the effect of curcumin against atl has not been elucidated. in this study, we examined the effects of curcumin on ap-1 activity in htlv-1-infected t-cell ...	2006	16157375
curcumin (diferuloylmethane) inhibits constitutive active nf-kappab, leading to suppression of cell growth of human t-cell leukemia virus type i-infected t-cell lines and primary adult t-cell leukemia cells.	adult t-cell leukemia (atl) is a fatal malignancy of t lymphocytes caused by infection with human t-cell leukemia virus type i (htlv-i) and remains incurable. curcumin (diferuloylmethane), the major pigment of the spice turmeric, can be potentially effective by promoting cell apoptosis. here we examined whether curcumin is effective in the treatment of atl. curcumin prevented cell growth of htlv-i-infected t-cell lines and primary atl cells but not of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. c ...	2006	16106398
antiplatelet property of curcuma longa l. rhizome-derived ar-turmerone.	the antiplatelet activities of curcuma longa l. rhizome-derived materials were measured using a platelet aggregometer and compared with those of aspirin as antiplatelet agent. the active constituent from the rhizome of curcuma longa l. was isolated and characterized as ar-turmerone by various spectral analyses. at 50% inhibitory concentration (ic50) value, ar-turmerone was effective in inhibiting platelet aggregation induced by collagen (ic50, 14.4 microm) and arachidonic acid (ic50, 43.6 microm ...	2006	16112857
curcuminoids purified from turmeric powder modulate the function of human multidrug resistance protein 1 (abcc1).	multidrug resistance is a major cause of chemotherapy failure in cancer patients. one of the resistance mechanisms is the overexpression of drug efflux pumps such as p-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance protein 1 (mrp1, (abcc1)). in this study, curcumin mixture and three major curcuminoids purified from turmeric (curcumin i, ii, and iii) were tested for their ability to modulate the function of mrp1 using hek293 cells stably transfected with mrp1-pcdna3.1 and pcdna3.1 vector alone. the ic(50) ...	2006	16021489
molecular targets of dietary agents for prevention and therapy of cancer.	while fruits and vegetables are recommended for prevention of cancer and other diseases, their active ingredients (at the molecular level) and their mechanisms of action less well understood. extensive research during the last half century has identified various molecular targets that can potentially be used not only for the prevention of cancer but also for treatment. however, lack of success with targeted monotherapy resulting from bypass mechanisms has forced researchers to employ either comb ...	2006	16563357
distribution of metals in the edible plants grown at jajmau, kanpur (india) receiving treated tannery wastewater: relation with physico-chemical properties of the soil.	the implications of metal contamination of agricultural soils due to long term irrigation with treated industrial wastewater and their subsequent accumulation in the vegetables/crops growing on such soils has been assessed in an area of industrial complex, jajmau, kanpur (india). physico-chemical properties of the soil were also studied. the soil and vegetables/crops were sampled from an area of 2100 acre agricultural land and analyzed for physico-chemical properties and metal accumulation in di ...	2006	16502026
ayurveda and yoga in cardiovascular diseases.	ayurveda is derived from 2 sanskrit words, namely, "ayus" and "veda," meaning life and knowledge, respectively. it literally means science of life. ayurveda, of which yoga is an integral part, is widely practiced in india and is gaining acceptance in many countries around the world. it is a comprehensive and a holistic system, the focus of which is on the body, mind, and consciousness. the ayurvedic treatment consists of the use herbal preparations, diet, yoga, meditation, and other practices. b ...	2007	15834238
antimutagenic potential of curcumin on chromosomal aberrations in allium cepa.	turmeric has long been used as a spice and food colouring agent in asia. in the present investigation, the antimutagenic potential of curcumin was evaluated in allium cepa root meristem cells. so far there is no report on the biological properties of curcumin in plant test systems. the root tip cells were treated with sodium azide at 200 and 300 microg/ml for 3 h and curcumin was given at 5, 10 and 20 microg/ml for 16 h, prior to sodium azide treatment. the tips were squashed after colchicine tr ...	2007	17610326
modulatory effects of curcumin on +¦-radiation-induced cellular damage in primary culture of isolated rat hepatocytes.	ionizing radiation is known to induce oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species (ros) resulting in imbalance of the pro-oxidant and antioxidant in the cells, which is suggested to culminate in cell death. the present work was aimed to evaluate the radioprotective effect of curcumin, a yellow pigment of turmeric on +¦-radiation-induced toxicity in primary cultures of isolated rat hepatocytes. hepatocytes were isolated from the liver of rats by collagenase perfusion. the cellu ...	2007	21783796
effect of curcumin on chromium-induced oxidative damage in male reproductive system.	hexavalent chromium, an environmental contaminant, undergoes redox cycling with generation of free radicals inside the biological system. curcumin, the yellow bioactive component of turmeric has established its antioxidant activities. the present study evaluates possible ameliorating effects of curcumin on potassium dichromate (k(2)cr(2)o(7)) (hexavalent chromium) induced reproductive toxicity in adult male sprague-dawley rats. three experimental groups, each consisting of eight rats, were treat ...	2007	21783805
telomerase targeted anticancer bioactive prodrug by antisense-based approach.	a deoxy 11-mer oligonucleotide 5'-gttagggttag-3', complementary to a repeat sequence of human telomerase rna template has been linked through phosphate and a c-2 linker to a bioactive tetraglycine conjugate of curcumin, a well-known antitumor herbal spice component of turmeric. this molecule has been transfected into kb and hela cell lines and found to affect cell growth in the former. this dna-curcumin-tetraglycine acts as a prodrug being targeted by antisense mechanism to telomerase.	2007	16950563
a two generation reproductive toxicity study with curcumin, turmeric yellow, in wistar rats.	the reproductive toxicity of curcumin, turmeric yellow, in wistar rats was studied in order to generate additional relevant toxicity information for the use of curcumin in humans by oral administration. the two generation reproduction study was designed and conducted in accordance with oecd guideline no. 416 [oecd, 1983. guidelines for testing of chemicals, guideline no. 416. two generation reproduction toxicity study, adopted on 26th may 1983] and in compliance with good laboratory practices (o ...	2007	16987575
curcumin, a curcuma longa constituent, acts on mapk p38 pathway modulating cox-2 and inos expression in chronic experimental colitis.	ulcerative colitis (uc) is a nonspecific inflammatory disorder characterized by oxidative and nitrosative stress, leucocyte infiltration and up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks), such as the p38 and the c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) modulate the transcription of many genes involved in the inflammatory process. curcumin is a polyphenol derived from curcuma longa, which is known to have anti-inflammatory activity. the aim of this study was to study ...	2007	17276891
bax and bak genes are essential for maximum apoptotic response by curcumin, a polyphenolic compound and cancer chemopreventive agent derived from turmeric, curcuma longa.	curcumin, an active ingredient of turmeric (curcuma longa), inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cancer cells, but the sequence of events leading to cell death is poorly defined. the objective of this study was to examine the molecular mechanisms by which multidomain pro-apoptotic bcl-2 family members bax and bak regulate curcumin-induced apoptosis using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mefs) deficient in bax, bak or both genes. curcumin treatment resulted an increase in the protein level ...	2007	17277231
ethnoveterinary medicines used for ruminants in british columbia, canada.	the use of medicinal plants is an option for livestock farmers who are not allowed to use allopathic drugs under certified organic programs or cannot afford to use allopathic drugs for minor health problems of livestock.	2007	17324258
curcumin effects on inflammation and performance recovery following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage.	downhill running is associated with fiber damage, inflammation, delayed-onset muscle soreness, and various functional deficits. curcumin, a constituent of the indian spice turmeric has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity and may offset some of the damage and functional deficits associated with downhill running. this study examined the effects of curcumin on inflammation and recovery of running performance following downhill running in mice. male mice were assigned to downhill pl ...	2007	17332159
involvement of bcl-2 family members, phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/akt and mitochondrial p53 in curcumin (diferulolylmethane)-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer.	curcumin (diferulolylmethane), an active ingredient derived from the rhizome of the plant curcuma longa, has anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. although curcumin possesses chemopreventive properties against several types of cancer, the molecular mechanisms by which it inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis are not clearly understood. our data revealed that curcumin inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in androgen-dependent and -independent prostate cancer cells, but had no effect on ...	2007	17332930
possible neuroprotective mechanisms of curcumin in attenuating 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity.	3-nitropropionic acid (3-np) is a well known fungic toxin causing neurotoxicity. systemic administration of 3-np causes motor and cognitive deficits that are associated with excessive free radical generation. recently, curcumin has been implicated as a neuroprotectant in the treatment of various neurological disorders. the present study was designed to investigate the effects of curcumin in 3-np-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in rats. curcumin, a potent antioxidant of dietary ...	2007	17344940
prevention of liver cirrhosis in rats by curcumin.	curcumin, the major polyphenolic compound in turmeric, has been shown to attenuate hepatic damage in several animal models of liver injury. the aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of curcumin in preventing thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis and to unravel the mechanism of curcumin's effect on hepatic fibrosis in rats.	2007	17355460
curcuma longa as feed additive in broiler birds and its patho-physiological effects.	broiler birds (vencob chicken of 3 days old) when given feed mixed with powdered rhizome of curcuma longa (cl; @ 1 g/kg) for 42 days of age, showed significant decrease in serum uric acid and albumin as compared to control, whereas significant increase was recorded in the level of serum total protein and globulin. level of serum glucose, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate amino transferase and calcium showed no significant variation between the two groups. micronutrient assay revealed significantly ...	2007	17373373
curcumin induces electrical activity in rat pancreatic beta-cells by activating the volume-regulated anion channel.	curcumin, the principal active component of turmeric, is reported to exert a number of therapeutic actions, including a hypoglycaemic/antidiabetic action. the underlying mechanisms to this action are essentially unknown. we have investigated the hypothesis that a direct stimulatory action on the pancreatic beta-cell could contribute towards the hypoglycaemic activity of this compound. electrical and ion channel activity were recorded in rat beta-cells using the patch-clamp technique. beta-cell v ...	2007	17382910
oral bioavailability of curcumin in rat and the herbal analysis from curcuma longa by lc-ms/ms.	this study presents a validated liquid chromatography technique coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) to measure curcumin in rat plasma and provide curcuminoids analysis from the extract of curcumin longa l. this method was applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in a freely moving rat. the analytes were separated by a reversed phase c18 column (150x4.6 mm i.d., particle size 5 microm) and eluted with acetonitrile-1mm hcooh mobile phase (70:30, v/v) with a flow rate of ...	2007	17400527
antineoplastic and anticlastogenic properties of curcumin.	curcumin is the pigment of turmeric and has been reported as a signal transduction modulator and inhibitor of transcription factors, for example, nf-kappab. in our article we found a concentration-dependent cytotoxic activity of curcumin in a panel of eight leukemic cell lines (skw-3, cem, u-937, hl-60, hl-60/dox, k-562, lama-84, and ar-230). additive to synergistic interactions was recorded for combinations with bendamustine and idarubicine in skw-3 and lama-84 cells. noteworthy, in multiple my ...	2007	17404048
low concentrations of curcumin induce growth arrest and apoptosis in skin keratinocytes only in combination with uva or visible light.	it is well known that curcumin, a dietary pigment from the plant curcuma longa, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in different cell lines at concentrations ranging from 10 to 150 microm (3.7-55 microg/ml). in this study, we show that curcumin at low concentrations (0.2-1 microg/ml) also has an antiproliferative effect when applied in combination with uva or visible light. we demonstrate that such a treatment induces apoptosis in human skin keratinocytes represented by the increas ...	2007	17410200
zerumbone suppresses phorbol ester-induced expression of multiple scavenger receptor genes in thp-1 human monocytic cells.	unregulated uptake of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-ldl) via macrophage scavenger receptors (srs), such as lectin-like ox-ldl receptor-1 (lox-1), is a key event in atherosclerosis. in the present study, we used differentiated caco-2 cells as a model of the human small intestine to evaluate the suppressive effects of 16 traditional food items selected from okinawa on 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa)-induced lox-1 mrna expression in thp-1 human monocyte-like cells. three zingiber ...	2007	17420607
curcumin prevents the development of dextran sulfate sodium (dss)-induced experimental colitis.	curcumin is a phenolic natural product isolated from the rhizome of curcuma longa (turmeric). we evaluated the effects of curcumin on the development of dextran sulfate sodium (dss)-induced experimental colitis. balb/c mice were fed a chow containing either 3.5% (wt/wt) dss or 3.5% dss + 2.0% (wt/wt) curcumin. the body weight loss was more apparent in dss-treated mice than in dss + curcumin-treated mice. the disease activity index, histological colitis score, and mpo activity were all significan ...	2007	17429738
curcumin-induced genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity in hepg2 cells.	curcumin, a polyphenolic yellow pigment found in turmeric, is commonly used as a coloring agent in foods, drugs, and cosmetics. in our previous study, we found that low levels of curcumin did not increase the reactive oxygen species (ros) formation and caused no damage to dna in human hepatoma g2 (hepg2) cells, but at high doses, curcumin imposed oxidative stress and damaged dna. in the present study, we are determined to investigate the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of curcumin using hepg ...	2007	17433396
inhibition of human recombinant cytochrome p450s by curcumin and curcumin decomposition products.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a major yellow pigment and dietary component derived from curcuma longa. it has potent anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antioxidant and chemoprotective activities among others. we studied the interactions of curcumin, a mixture of its decomposition products, and four of its individually identified decomposition products (vanillin, vanillic acid, ferulic aldehyde and ferulic acid) on five major human drug-metabolizing cytochrome p450s (cyps). curcumin inhibited ...	2007	17433521
polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin ("nanocurcumin"): a novel strategy for human cancer therapy.	curcumin, a yellow polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of turmeric (curcuma longa), has potent anti-cancer properties as demonstrated in a plethora of human cancer cell line and animal carcinogenesis models. nevertheless, widespread clinical application of this relatively efficacious agent in cancer and other diseases has been limited due to poor aqueous solubility, and consequently, minimal systemic bioavailability. nanoparticle-based drug delivery approaches have the potential for rendering ...	2007	17439648
curcumin potentiates antitumor activity of gemcitabine in an orthotopic model of pancreatic cancer through suppression of proliferation, angiogenesis, and inhibition of nuclear factor-kappab-regulated gene products.	gemcitabine is currently the best treatment available for pancreatic cancer, but the disease develops resistance to the drug over time. agents that can either enhance the effects of gemcitabine or overcome chemoresistance to the drug are needed for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. curcumin, a component of turmeric (curcuma longa), is one such agent that has been shown to suppress the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab), which is implicated in proliferation, survival, angiog ...	2007	17440100
curcumin for chemoprevention of colon cancer.	the most practical approach to reduce the morbidity and mortality of cancer is to delay the process of carcinogenesis through the use of chemopreventive agents. this necessitates that safer compounds, especially those derived from natural sources must be critically examined for chemoprevention. a spice common to india and the surrounding regions, is turmeric, derived from the rhizome of curcuma longa. pre-clinical studies in a variety of cancer cell lines including breast, cervical, colon, gastr ...	2007	17448598
curcumin activates human glutathione s-transferase p1 expression through antioxidant response element.	curcumin is a plant-derived diferuloylmethane compound extracted from curcuma longa, possessing antioxidative and anticarcinogenic properties. antioxidants and oxidative stress are known to induce the expression of certain classes of detoxification enzymes. since the upregulation of detoxifying enzymes affects the drug metabolism and cell defense system, it is important to understand the gene regulation by such agents. in this study, we demonstrated that curcumin could induce the expression of h ...	2007	17449203
the relaxant effect of curcumin on porcine coronary arterial ring segments.	curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic compound isolated as a yellow pigment from turmeric (curcuma longa). this compound has received much attention due to its diversity of biological and pharmacological activities. the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of curcumin on porcine coronary arteries and to investigate the mechanism of its action, if any. the isometric tension of coronary arterial rings taken from porcine hearts was measured and its response to curcumin (10(-11)-10(-5 ...	2007	17459781
"spicing up" of the immune system by curcumin.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is an orange-yellow component of turmeric (curcuma longa), a spice often found in curry powder. traditionally known for its an antiinflammatory effects, curcumin has been shown in the last two decades to be a potent immunomodulatory agent that can modulate the activation of t cells, b cells, macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells. curcumin can also downregulate the expression of various proinflammatory cytokines including tnf, il-1, il-2, ...	2007	17211725
curcumin and kolaviron ameliorate di-n-butylphthalate-induced testicular damage in rats.	the present study was carried out to evaluate the ameliorative effects of kolaviron (a biflavonoid from the seeds of garcinia kola) and curcumin (from the rhizome, curcuma longa l.) on the di-n-butylphthalate (dbp)-induced testicular damage in rats. administration of dbp to rats at a dose of 2 g/kg for 9 days significantly decreased the relative testicular weights compared to the controls, while the weights of other organs remained unaffected. curcumin or kolaviron did not affect all the organ w ...	2007	17214610
curcumin induces g2/m arrest and apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells by modulating akt and p38 mapk.	curcumin, a major active component of turmeric, is known to induce apoptosis in several types of cancer cells, but little is known about its activity in chemoresistant cells. hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer properties of curcumin in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. the results indicated that curcumin inhibited the proliferation of both cisplatin-resistant (cr) and sensitive (cs) human ovarian cancer cells almost equally. enhanced supe ...	2007	17218783
changes in glycoprotein components in streptozotocin--nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetes: influence of tetrahydrocurcumin from curcuma longa.	curcuma longa (zingiberaceae) has been used traditionally as antidiabetic, and has been proven scientifically to possess high antioxidant activity and anticancer properties. the active components of curcuma longa such as curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin (thc), a major colourless metabolite of curcumin also possesses antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and antioxidant activity. the ethnopharmacological value of this plant, the effect of thc on glycoproteins was carried out in normal and streptozotocin- ...	2007	17226069
dysregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system by curcumin suppresses coxsackievirus b3 replication.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from the spice turmeric, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative properties by modulating multiple cellular machineries. it inhibits several intracellular signaling pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks), casein kinase ii (ckii), and the cop9 signalosome (csn), in various cell types. it has also been recently demonstrated that exposure to curcumin leads to th ...	2007	17229707
immune response modulation by curcumin in a latex allergy model.	there has been a worldwide increase in allergy and asthma over the last few decades, particularly in industrially developed nations. this resulted in a renewed interest to understand the pathogenesis of allergy in recent years. the progress made in the pathogenesis of allergic disease has led to the exploration of novel alternative therapies, which include herbal medicines as well. curcumin, present in turmeric, a frequently used spice in asia has been shown to have anti-allergic and inflammator ...	2007	17254346
possible inhibitory mechanism of curcuma drugs on cyp3a4 in 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin d3 treated caco-2 cells.	curcuma longa and c. zedoaria, belonging to genus curcuma, have become prevalent as supplements in east asia. curcumin is the most well-studied bioactive component isolated from rhizomes of c. longa and other curcuma species except c. zedoaria. in this study, we investigated the affects of c. longa, c. zedoaria from japan and curcumin on cyp3a4. caco-2 cells, in which cyp3a4 expression was induced by 1alpha,25-(oh)(2)-d(3), were used to mimic the metabolism of small intestine. caco-2 cells were ...	2007	17270371
behavioral, neurochemical and neuroendocrine effects of the ethanolic extract from curcuma longa l. in the mouse forced swimming test.	curcuma longa l. (turmeric) has been used for centuries in traditional chinese medicine as a treatment for mental disorders including depression. the studies described here were undertaken to determine the behavioral, neurochemical and neuroendocrine effects of the ethanolic extract from curcuma longa using the forced swimming test (fst) in male icr strain of mice. the ethanolic extract was found to reduce the duration of immobility in the mouse fst when orally administered for 21 days. the extr ...	2007	17134862
chemopreventive anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin and other phytochemicals mediated by map kinase phosphatase-5 in prostate cells.	as inflammation emerges as a risk factor for prostate cancer (pca), there is potential for chemoprevention by anti-inflammatory agents. dietary phytochemicals have been shown to have chemopreventive properties which may include anti-inflammatory activities. in this study, we demonstrate a role for mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-5 (mkp5) in mediating anti-inflammatory activities of the phytochemicals curcumin, resveratrol and [6]-gingerol. we utilized the cytokines tumor necrosis fa ...	2007	17151092
spleen tyrosine kinase (syk), a novel target of curcumin, is required for b lymphoma growth.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a component of dietary spice turmeric (curcuma longa), has been shown in recent studies to have therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, arthritis, and osteoporosis. we investigated the ability of curcumin to modulate the growth of b lymphomas. curcumin inhibited the growth of both murine and human b lymphoma in vitro and murine b lymphoma in vivo. we also demonstrate that curcumin-mediated growth inhibition of b lymphoma is through inhibition of ...	2007	17182546
comparison of systemic availability of curcumin with that of curcumin formulated with phosphatidylcholine.	curcumin, a major constituent of the spice turmeric, suppresses expression of the enzyme cyclooxygenase 2 (cox-2) and has cancer chemopreventive properties in rodents. it possesses poor systemic availability. we explored whether formulation with phosphatidylcholine increases the oral bioavailability or affects the metabolite profile of curcumin.	2007	17051370
a mechanistic approach for modulation of arsenic toxicity in human lymphocytes by curcumin, an active constituent of medicinal herb curcuma longa linn.	chronic exposure of humans to high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water is associated with skin lesions, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, blackfoot disease and a high risk of cancer. arsenic induces single strand breaks, dna-protein crosslinks and apurinic sites in dna, which are prerequisites for induction of cancer. amelioration of such damages with natural compounds could be an effective strategy to combat arsenic toxicity. curcumin is the active ingredient of turmeric, a com ...	2007	18392098
vitamin d receptor: key roles in bone mineral pathophysiology, molecular mechanism of action, and novel nutritional ligands.	the vitamin d hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) [1,25(oh)(2)d(3)], binds with high affinity to the nuclear vitamin d receptor (vdr), which recruits its retinoid x receptor (rxr) heterodimeric partner to recognize vitamin d responsive elements (vdres) in target genes. 1,25(oh)(2)d(3) is known primarily as a regulator of calcium, but it also controls phosphate (re)absorption at the intestine and kidney. fibroblast growth factor 23 (fgf23) is a phosphaturic hormone produced in osteoblasts that, l ...	2007	18290715
immunostimulating activity of crude polysaccharide extract isolated from curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb.	curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb., commonly known as javanese turmeric, has been reported to possess a variety of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects, anticarcinogenic effects, wound healing effects, and serum cholesterol-lowering effects. cpe, crude polysaccharide extract isolated from the rhizome of c. xanthorrhiza using 0.1 n naoh, consisted of arabinose (18.69%), galactose (14.0%), glucose (50.67%), mannose (12.97%), rhamnose (2.73%), and xylose (0.94%), with an average molec ...	2007	17587672
effects of four indian medicinal herbs on isoniazid-, rifampicin- and pyrazinamide-induced hepatic injury and immunosuppression in guinea pigs.	to evaluate and compare the hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of curcuma longa (cl), ocimum sanctum (os), tinospora cordifolia (tc) and zizyphus mauritiana (zm) on liver injury and immunosuppression induced by isoniazid (inh), rifampicin (rif) and pyrazinamide (pza).	2007	17589898
de novo synthesis of glutathione is a prerequisite for curcumin to inhibit hepatic stellate cell (hsc) activation.	on liver injury, quiescent hepatic stellate cells (hsc), the most relevant cell type for hepatic fibrogenesis, become active, characterized by enhanced cell growth and overproduction of extracellular matrix (ecm). oxidative stress facilitates hsc activation and the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. glutathione (gsh) is the most important intracellular antioxidant. we previously showed that curcumin, the yellow pigment in curry from turmeric, significantly inhibited hsc activation. the aim of thi ...	2007	17602960
md-2 as the target of curcumin in the inhibition of response to lps.	curcumin is the main constituent of the spice turmeric, used in diet and in traditional medicine, particularly across the indian subcontinent. anti-inflammatory activity and inhibition of lps signaling are some of its many activities. we show that curcumin binds at submicromolar affinity to the myeloid differentiation protein 2 (md-2), which is the lps-binding component of the endotoxin surface receptor complex md-2/tlr4. fluorescence emission of curcumin increases with an absorbance maximum shi ...	2007	17609337
antioxidant potential of fluoxetine in comparison to curcuma longa in restraint-stressed rats.	stress plays a potential role in the onset and exacerbation of depression. chronic restraint stress in rats, and psychosocial stress in humans, is implicated in the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders. oxidative damage is an established outcome of restraint stress, which has been suggested to induce many damaging processes contributing to the pathology of stress-induced depression. however, the modulatory role of clinically effective antidepressants, such as fluoxetine, in attenuating ...	2007	17610875
curcumin reverses impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and increases serotonin receptor 1a mrna and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in chronically stressed rats.	curcuma longa is a major constituent of xiaoyao-san, the traditional chinese medicine, which has been used to effectively manage stress and depression-related disorders in china. as the active component of curcuma longa, curcumin possesses many therapeutic properties; we have previously described its antidepressant activity in our earlier studies using the chronic unpredictable stress model of depression in rats. recent studies show that stress-induced damage to hippocampal neurons may contribut ...	2007	17617388
[study on the preparation of zedoary turmeric oil spray and its anti-virus effects].	to prepare the zedoary turmeric oil spray and investigate its anti-virus effects.	2007	17634047
a potential role for the vanilloid receptor trpv1 in the therapeutic effect of curcumin in dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis in mice.	a protective role of the transient potential vanilloid receptor 1 (trpv1) in intestinal inflammation induced by dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (dnbs) has been recently demonstrated. curcumin, the major active component of turmeric, is also able to prevent and ameliorate the severity of the damage in dnbs-induced colitis. we evaluated the possibility that curcumin (45 mg kg(-1) day p.o. for 2 days before and 5 days after the induction of colitis) was able to reduce dnbs-induced colitis in mice, by ...	2007	17640182
the detection of antibacterial actions of whole herb tinctures using luminescent escherichia coli.	two whole cell escherichia coli luminescent biosensors were used to determine the antibacterial actions of 16 herbal tinctures. these bioassays can detect genotoxic (strain dpd2794) and general oxidative stress (de135) events when challenged with antibacterial substances. many of the herbal tinctures were active against these gram-negative bacteria, affecting their metabolism without, in some cases, arresting cell growth or causing cell death. antibacterial activity ranged from undetectable for ...	2007	17661335
effect of curcumin on hyperglycemia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat retina.	diabetic retinopathy is one of the most devastating microvascular complications of long standing type 1 and type 2 diabetes. neovascularization stimulated by hyperglycemia-mediated induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) has been implicated in the pathogenesis. various small molecules have been investigated for their ability to inhibit angiogenesis. in this study, we evaluated whether curcumin and its dietary source turmeric can inhibit vegf expression in strepotzotocin (stz)-indu ...	2007	17662242
antihyperglycaemic effect of 'ilogen-excel', an ayurvedic herbal formulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.	'ilogen-excel', an ayurvedic herbal formulation is composed of eight medicinal plants (curcuma longa, strychnos potatorum, salacia oblonga, tinospora cordifolia, vetivelia zizanioides, coscinium fenestratum, andrographis paniculata and mimosa pudica). the present study evaluates the antihyperglycemic effect of 'ilogen-excel' in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. rats were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin (stz) (45 mg/kg body weight). oral administration of 'ilogen-excel' (50 mg/kg and 100 ...	2007	17665851
aflatoxin induced hemolysis and its amelioration by turmeric extracts and curcumin in vitro.	the present investigation is an attempt to evaluate the possible ameliorative effect of turmeric extracts/curcumin on aflatoxin induced hemolysis in vitro. blood samples were collected from healthy adult human beings (25-30 years old) in edta vials and were used for preparation of rbc suspension in saline. saline suspension of rbc was treated with aflatoxin (0.5-2.0 microg/ml) with and without turmeric extracts/curcumin (1-100 microg/ml). the results revealed that addition of aflatoxin (0.5-2.0 ...	2007	17665866
curcumin attenuates inflammatory responses of tnf-alpha-stimulated human endothelial cells.	curcumin, a yellow pigment of turmeric in curry, is reported to interfere with nuclear factor (nf)-kappab. this study was designed to investigate the underlying pathway of antiinflammation of curcumin on endothelial cells. human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs) were stimulated with 10 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha. curcumin blocked the activation of nf-kappab by tnf-alpha. curcumin also reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ros), monocyte adhesion, phosphorylation ...	2007	17666914
curcumin induces apoptosis and inhibits prostaglandin e(2) production in synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.	rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by hyperplasia of the synovial fibroblasts, which is partly the result of decreased apoptosis. this study investigated the mechanisms through which curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from the rhizome of curcuma longa, exerts its anti-proliferative action in the synovial fibroblasts obtained from patients with ra. exposure of the synovial fibroblasts to curcumin resulted in growth inhibition and the induction of apop ...	2007	17671742
influence of tetrahydrocurcumin on erythrocyte membrane bound enzymes and antioxidant status in experimental type 2 diabetic rats.	curcuma longa (zingiberaceae) has been used traditionally as antidiabetic and has been proven scientifically to possess high antioxidant activity and anticancer properties. the active components of curcuma longa such as curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin (thc), a major colourless metabolite of curcumin also possesses antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and antioxidant activity. in the present study the effect of thc and curcumin on erythrocyte membrane bound enzymes and antioxidants activity in streptoz ...	2007	17693046
curcumin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial hyperpolarization and mtdna damage in human hepatoma g2 cells.	curcumin, a major pigment of turmeric, is a natural antioxidant possessing a variety of pharmacological activities and therapeutic properties. but its mechanisms are unknown. in our previous study, we found that a 2-h exposure to curcumin induced dna damage to both the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) and the nuclear dna (ndna) in hepg2 cells and that mtdna damage was more extensive than ndna damage. therefore, experiments were initiated to evaluate the role of mtdna damage in curcumin-induced apoptosi ...	2007	17697941
curcuminoids-cellular uptake by human primary colon cancer cells as quantitated by a sensitive hplc assay and its relation with the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis.	curcumin, which is a bright orange-yellow pigment of turmeric with antioxidant properties, has been shown to produce a potent preventative action against several types of cancers in recent studies. it has also been reported to protect the development of colon tumor in animals being fed with carcinogen. in the colon cancer cells, curcumin was illustrated to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. as an antioxidant, it acts as an anti-inflammatory as well as an antitumor agent. curcumin h ...	2007	17760412
influence of tetrahydrocurcumin on hepatic and renal functional markers and protein levels in experimental type 2 diabetic rats.	curcumin is the most active component of turmeric. it is believed that curcumin is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. tetrahydrocurcumin is one of the major metabolites of curcumin that exhibits many of the same physiologic and pharmacological activities as curcumin and in some systems may exert greater antioxidant activity than curcumin. oral administration of tetrahydrocurcumin at 80 mg/kg body weight to diabetic rats for 45 days resulted in a significant reduction in blood gluc ...	2007	17845505
effect of selected natural dyes in reduction on colour changes of egyptian linen textiles by fungi.	linen is the most historical egyptian textile fibre liable to fungal deterioration. fungal deterioration of dyed linen textiles may appear as undesirable different stains. in order to success in removing of fungal stains from biodeteriorated historical egyptian dyed linen textiles, it is necessary to understand the nature and causes of these stains, hence their subsequent removal. so this paper aims to investigate the effect of fungi on dyed linen textiles. in this study linen textile samples we ...	2007	17867537
curcumin suppresses the transformation of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor through its phosphorylation.	halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induce diverse biochemical responses through the transformation of a cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr). in mouse hepatoma hepa-1c1c7 cells, curcumin, a yellow pigment of curcuma longa, did not inhibit the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd)-induced translocation of the ahr into the nucleus, but rather accelerated it. in the nucleus, curcumin inhibited the tcdd-induced heterodimerization of the ahr with an ahr nuclear translocator (a ...	2007	17880909
repellent activity of essential oils against cockroaches (dictyoptera: blattidae, blattellidae, and blaberidae) in thailand.	seven commercial essential oils extracted from the plant species boesenbergia rotunda (l.) mansf., citrus hystrix dc., curcuma longa l., litsea cubeba (lour.) pers., piper nigrum l., psidium guajava l. and zingiber officinale roscoe, and naphthalene as a control, were evaluated for repellent activity against the three cockroach species periplaneta americana (l.), blattella germanica (l.) and neostylopyga rhombifolia (stoll) under laboratory conditions. the essential oil derived from citrus hystr ...	2007	17883004
herbal mixtures consisting of puerarin and either polyenylphosphatidylcholine or curcumin provide comprehensive protection against alcohol-related disorders in p rats receiving free choice water and 15% ethanol in pure water.	chronic alcohol drinking has been associated with the development of a number of abnormalities, including neuron-behavioral disorders, liver, pancreas, and heart-related diseases and inflammation and immune disorders. because diverse mechanisms are involved in the development of these disorders, the commonly used receptor- or enzyme-specific drugs do not provide comprehensive protection against the adverse effects of alcoholism. this study describes possible therapeutic potency of puerarin (pu) ...	2007	17887948
antischistosomal and liver protective effects of curcuma longa extract in schistosoma mansoni infected mice.	with a view to clarify the induction of the "crabtree consequence" in liver cells of s. mansoni infected mice, the curative effect of oil extract of c. longa was tested and compared to praziquantel (pzq) the effective drug against all schistosome species occurring in man. protein, glucose, glucose-6-phopsphatase, amp-deaminase, adensoine deaminase, urea concentration, pyravate kinase (pk), phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) and pk/pepck ratio were estimated. in addition, worm burden and ...	2007	17907745
a curcumin-based 1-week triple therapy for eradication of helicobacter pylori infection: something to learn from failure?	curcumin is the principal element of turmeric powder extracted from the root of curcuma longa. studies on curcumin have demonstrated some anti-helicobacter pylori activity as well as immunomodulating properties. n-acetylcysteine and lactoferrin with their respective mucolytic and antibacterial activities might also be effective in h. pylori eradication therapy.	2007	17493004
keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis--differential mechanisms of regulation by curcumin, egcg and apigenin.	we have proposed that it is important to examine the impact of chemopreventive agents on the function of normal human epidermal keratinocytes since these cells comprise the barrier that protects the body from a range of environmental insults. in this context, it is widely appreciated that cancer may be retarded by consumption or topical application of naturally occurring food-derived chemopreventive agents. our studies show that (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), a green tea-derived polyphen ...	2007	17493651
potential of plant extracts in combination with bacterial antagonist treatment as biocontrol agent of red rot of sugarcane.	plant extracts and antifungal microorganisms were tested singly and in combination for biocontrol of sugarcane red rot disease (colletotrichum falcatum) using two sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) cultivars, coc671 and coc92061, in pot and field experiments. leaf extracts of abrus precatorius and bassia latifolia and the rhizome extract of curcuma longa reduced colletotrichum falcatum mycelial growth by 80%, 58%, and 57%, respectively. although sugarcane- planting materials (setts) treated in ...	2007	17496967
effects of curcumin on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression and nuclear translocation/redistribution in culture-activated rat hepatic stellate cells.	the function of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (ppargamma) in hepatic fibrogenesis remains largely unknown. curcumin is a natural substance extracted form curcuma longa linn and has a variety of pharmacological effects. in this study, the effects of curcumin on the proliferation, activation and apoptosis of rat hepatic stellate cells (hscs) through ppargamma signaling were investigated.	2007	17531121
dietary curcumin does not protect kidney in glycerol-induced acute renal failure.	generation of reactive oxygen species significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of renal injury induced by myoglobin release. the present study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary curcumin, a natural antioxidant isolated from plant curcuma longa, in an experimental model of myoglobinuric acute renal failure. rats received curcumin at an oral dose of 100mg/kg/day for 30 days. renal injury was induced with injection of hypertonic glycerol (10 ml/kg 50% solution) in hind limb mus ...	2007	17532108
regulation of heme oxygenase-1 expression by demethoxy curcuminoids through nrf2 by a pi3-kinase/akt-mediated pathway in mouse beta-cells.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a component of turmeric, has been shown to have therapeutic properties. induction of phase 2 detoxifying enzymes is a potential mechanism through which some of the actions of curcumin could proceed. heme oxygenase-1 (ho-1), an antioxidant phase 2 enzyme, has been reported to have cytoprotective effects in pancreatic beta-cells. curcumin on further purification yields demethoxy curcumin (dmc) and bisdemethoxy curcumin (bdmc). the objective of the present study was to ...	2007	17535857
curcumin inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis in ovarian carcinoma by targeting the nuclear factor-kappab pathway.	curcumin, a component of turmeric, has been shown to suppress inflammation and angiogenesis largely by inhibiting the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab). this study evaluates the effects of curcumin on ovarian cancer growth using an orthotopic murine model of ovarian cancer.	2007	17545551
curcumin suppressed anti-apoptotic signals and activated cysteine proteases for apoptosis in human malignant glioblastoma u87mg cells.	glioblastoma is the most malignant human brain tumor that shows poor response to existing therapeutic agents. search continues for an effective therapy for controlling this deadliest brain tumor. curcumin (ccm), a polyphenolic compound from curcuma longa, possesses anti-cancer properties in both in vitro and in vivo. in the present investigation, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of ccm against human malignant glioblastoma u87mg cells. trypan blue dye exclusion test showed decreased viabilit ...	2007	17562168
curcumin: the indian solid gold.	turmeric, derived from the plant curcuma longa, is a gold-colored spice commonly used in the indian subcontinent, not only for health care but also for the preservation of food and as a yellow dye for textiles. curcumin, which gives the yellow color to turmeric, was first isolated almost two centuries ago, and its structure as diferuloylmethane was determined in 1910. since the time of ayurveda (1900 bc) numerous therapeutic activities have been assigned to turmeric for a wide variety of disease ...	2007	17569205
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin.	curcumin, a yellow pigment from curcuma longa, is a major component of turmeric and is commonly used as a spice and food-coloring agent. it is also used as a cosmetic and in some medical preparations. the desirable preventive or putative therapeutic properties of curcumin have also been considered to be associated with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. because free-radical-mediated peroxidation of membrane lipids and oxidative damage of dna and proteins are believed to be associa ...	2007	17569207
modulation of transcription factors by curcumin.	curcumin is the active ingredient of turmeric that has been consumed as a dietary spice for ages. turmeric is widely used in traditional indian medicine to cure biliary disorders, anorexia, cough, diabetic wounds, hepatic disorders, rheumatism, and sinusitis. extensive investigation over the last five decades has indicated that curcumin reduces blood cholesterol, prevents low-density lipoprotein oxidation, inhibits platelet aggregation, suppresses thrombosis and myocardial infarction, suppresses ...	2007	17569208
cell growth regulation.	curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric (curcuma longa) used in culinary and medical practices in asia, has immense potential for being used in cancer chemotherapy because of its control over the cell growth regulatory mechanisms. the present chapter throws light on the role of curcumin in modulating the various phases of the cell cycle and its apoptosis-inducing effects. this is followed by a discussion on the implications of these effects of curcumin for its use as a chemotherapeutic agent ...	2007	17569215
cardioprotective effects of curcumin.	curcumin, a major active component of turmeric, is extracted from the powdered dry rhizome of curcuma longa linn (zingiberaceae) and it has been used for centuries in indigenous medicine. we have shown that curcumin has a protective role against myocardial necrosis in rats. the antioxidant activity of curcumin could be attributed to the phenolic and methoxy groups in conjunction with the 1,3-diketone-conjugated diene system, for scavenging of the oxygen radicals. in addition, curcumin is shown t ...	2007	17569220
curcumin and autoimmune disease.	the immune system has evolved to protect the host from microbial infection; nevertheless, a breakdown in the immune system often results in infection, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, myocarditis, thyroiditis, uveitis, systemic lupus erythromatosis, and myasthenia gravis are organ-specific autoimmune diseases that afflict more than 5% of the population worldwide. although the etiology is not known and a cure i ...	2007	17569223
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of curcumin.	curcuma spp. contain turmerin, essential oils, and curcuminoids, including curcumin. curcumin [1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione] is regarded as the most biologically active constituent of the spice turmeric and it comprises 2-8% of most turmeric preparations. preclinical data from animal models and phase i clinical studies performed with human volunteers and patients with cancer have demonstrated low systemic bioavailability following oral dosing. efficient first-pass ...	2007	17569224
effect of natural preservatives on the growth of histamine producing bacteria.	present study deals with the hampering of the growth of histamine producing bacteria (hpb), by using nacl and spices which are easily available and cheaper cost wise. for this experiment, four strains of hpb viz. vibrio parahaemolyticus, bacillus cereus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and proteus mirabilis were tested against 1 to 10% concentrations of nacl and 1 to 5% concentrations of natural preservatives (turmeric, ginger and garlic) in a basal medium. hpb showed different growth rates at different ...	2007	17915763
curcumin, both histone deacetylase and p300/cbp-specific inhibitor, represses the activity of nuclear factor kappa b and notch 1 in raji cells.	curcumin, the active chemical of the asian spice turmeric, exhibits anticancer activity in several human cancer cell lines. we previously have proved that curcumin was a new member of the histone deacetylases (hdac) inhibitors, while constitutive nuclear factor kappa b (nf-kappab) is believed to be a crucial event for enhanced proliferation and survival of malignant cells. here, we investigate the effect of curcumin on the activation of nf-kappab signal molecule in raji cells to explore its rela ...	2007	17927689
effect of curcuma longa or parziquantel on schistosoma mansoni infected mice liver--histological and histochemical study.	effect of drug praziquantel (pzq) and c. longa extract on s. mansoni infected mice is reported. the level of glycogen, alkaline and acid phosphatases (alp and acp respectively), and body weight, liver weight and liver weight/body weight ratio were studied in mice infected with s. mansoni. alp level was increased after infection. c. longa treated mice showed marked reduction in alp level more than after pzq-treatment. c. longa enhanced the concentration of glycogen after being reduced by infectio ...	2007	17948736
curcumin effects on blood lipid profile in a 6-month human study.	studies in animals and a short-term human study have suggested that curcumin, a polyphenolic compound concentrated in the curry spice turmeric, decreases serum cholesterol concentration. however, no controlled human trials have examined the effect of curcumin on cholesterol. this study investigated the effects of consuming curcumin on the serum lipid profile in men and women. elderly subjects (n=36) consumed 4 g/d curcumin, 1g/d curcumin, or placebo in a 6-month, randomized, double-blind trial. ...	2007	17951067
acceleration of oxidative protein folding by curcumin through novel non-redox chemistry.	curcumin, the major constituent of turmeric is a known antioxidant. we have examined the oxidative folding of the model four-disulfide-bond-containing protein bovine pancreatic ribonuclease a (rnase a) in its presence; results indicate that rnase a regeneration rate increases in a curcumin-dependent manner. examination of the native tendency of the fully-reduced polypeptide and the stability of key folding intermediates suggests that the increased oxidative folding rate can be attributed to nati ...	2007	17959149
antibacterial effect of five zingiberaceae essential oils.	essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation and two different solvent extractions (petroleum ether and ethanol) from five zingiberaceae species: ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe.), galanga (alpinia galanga sw.), turmeric (curcuma longa l.), kaempferia (boesenbergia pandurata holtt.) and bastard cardamom (amomum xanthioides wall.) was characterized. volatile components of all extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the major components of ginger, turmeric, galang ...	2007	17960105
the role of haem oxygenase-1 in the decrease of endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression by curcumin.	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) is involved in neutrophil transmigration across endothelium during sepsis-induced acute lung injury and anti-icam-1 interventions may represent new strategy of pulmonary protection. haem oxygenase-1 (ho-1) has been demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory actions via decrease of expression of adhesion molecules. we investigated the role of ho-1 in the action of curcumin, a naturally occurring yellow pigment isolated from plant curcuma longa l., on icam-1 ...	2007	17973899
curcumin modulation of ifn-beta and il-12 signalling and cytokine induction in human t cells.	curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the dietary spice turmeric. it possesses diverse anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. curcumin has been shown to exhibit an inhibitory effect on the production of inflammatory cytokines by human monocytes and has inhibited the animal model of multiple sclerosis (ms), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) in association with a decrease in interleukin 12 (il-12) production and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (stat4) activa ...	2007	17979888
lactobacilli and tartrazine as causative agents of red-color spoilage in cucumber pickle products.	the cucumber pickling industry has sporadically experienced spoilage outbreaks in pickled cucumber products characterized by development of red color on the surface of the fruits. lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus paracasei were isolated from 2 outbreaks of this spoilage that occurred about 15 y apart during the last 3 decades. both organisms were shown to produce this spoilage when inoculated into pickled cucumbers while concomitantly degrading the azo dye tartrazine (fd&c yellow nr 5). thi ...	2007	17995647
bioavailability of curcumin: problems and promises.	curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from dietary spice turmeric, possesses diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. phase i clinical trials have shown that curcumin is safe even at high doses (12 g/day) in humans but exhibit poor bioavailability. major reasons contributing to the low plasma and tissue levels of curcumin appear to be due to poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and rapid systemic elimination. to im ...	2007	17999464
synthesis of monofunctional curcumin derivatives, clicked curcumin dimer, and a pamam dendrimer curcumin conjugate for therapeutic applications.	curcumin, the primary active ingredient in the spice turmeric, was converted to reactive monofunctional derivatives (carboxylic acid/azide/alkyne). the derivatives were employed to produce a 3 + 2 azide-alkyne "clicked" curcumin dimer and a poly(amidoamine) (pamam) dendrimer-curcumin conjugate. the monofunctional curcumin derivatives retain biological activity and are efficient for labeling and dissolving amyloid fibrils. the curcumin dimer selectively destroys human neurotumor cells. the synthe ...	2007	18020348