Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| enteric fever in israeli travelers: a nationwide study. | enteric fever (ef) has become a travel-related disease in industrialized countries. the possible effects of vaccination on typhoid epidemiology in travelers are unknown. we compared the incidence and clinical and microbiologic findings in travelers returning with ef, according to pretravel vaccination status and vaccine type. | 2005 | 16256052 |
| sporadic infections of salmonella paratyphi b, var. java associated with fish tanks. | identify a source of contamination to explain the increase in the number of cases of s. paratyphi b var. java infection. | 2005 | 16350877 |
| the artab genes encode a putative adp-ribosyltransferase toxin homologue associated with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104. | many bacterial pathogens encode adp-ribosyltransferase toxins. the authors identified an adp-ribosyltransferase toxin homologue (arta, artb) in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) dt104. arta is most homologous to a putative pertussis-like toxin subunit present in salmonella typhi (sty1890) and salmonella paratyphi a (spa1609), while artb shows homology to a hypothetical periplasmic protein of s. typhi (sty1364) and s. paratyphi a (spa1188), and a putative pertussis-like tox ... | 2005 | 16151219 |
| reversible encephalopathy secondary to paratyphoid infection and concomitant acute hepatitis a. | reversible encephalopathy has been described in association with typhoid fever as well as nontyphoidal salmonella infections. a diagnostic dilemma as to the cause of encephalopathy may arise when there is coexistent acute viral hepatitis and suspicion of fulminant liver failure. the authors report a patient who presented with acute icteric hepatitis a infection and a concomitant febrile illness due to salmonella paratyphi associated with progressive encephalopathy and coma. the young man develop ... | 2005 | 16108242 |
| atypical presentation of spondylitis in a case with sickle cell disease. | salmonella osteomyelitis is rarely seen and vertebral involvement by this organism is very rare, especially in childhood. salmonella should be considered in the list of etiologic agents of osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease. herein we report a five-year-old boy with sickle cell disease and salmonella paratyphi b spondylitis who was diagnosed with atypical clinical findings of infection. we would like to emphasize the importance of differentiation between osteomyelitis and infarction even if th ... | 2005 | 16363348 |
| salmonella paratyphi a rates, asia. | little is known about the causes of enteric fever in asia. most cases are believed to be caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi and the remainder by s. paratyphi a. we compared their incidences by using standardized methods from population-based studies in china, indonesia, india, and pakistan. | 2005 | 16318734 |
| characterization of a multidrug-resistant isolate of salmonella paratyphi b from japan. | 2005 | 15890717 | |
| epidemiology of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in kathmandu: two years study and trends of antimicrobial resistance. | enteric fever is prevalent in developing countries including nepal, where it still remains as a major health problem. appropriate antibiotics are essential for the treatment of typhoid and paratyphoid fever. a prospective study was carried out to characterize the epidemiological features of enteric fever in kathmandu, nepal and to analyse the recent trend of antimicrobial resistance pattern of the salmonella isolated from the cases of enteric fever from different hospitals in kathmandu during ju ... | 2005 | 16082406 |
| [typhoid and paratyphoid fever in children]. | febrile illness without focal symptoms in a child who has visited tropical or sub-tropical areas is an increasing health problem in western countries. in the department of paediatrics at ullevaal university hospital, malaria, typhoid and paratyphoid fever are the most frequent infectious diseases acquired in tropical or sub-tropical areas. | 2005 | 15976828 |
| development of pcr primers for the detection of salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis based on the flic gene. | salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis may cause swine salmonellosis and human infection. because the conventional method for detection of this salmonella serovar may take 3 to 5 days, a pcr method for detection was evaluated. by comparing the sequence of the phase 1 flagellin (flic) gene of salmonella choleraesuis with that of other salmonella serovars and of other bacteria species available in genbank, two pcr primers (flinc-f and flinc-r) were designed. using these primers, all 97 salmonell ... | 2005 | 21132962 |
| bacteriological analysis of water samples from tsunami hit coastal areas of kanyakumari district, tamil nadu. | water borne diseases such as cholera, enteric fever and dysentery were expected after the tsunami, which hit the coastal areas of kanyakumari district, tamil nadu. in the present study 151 drinking water sources were collected from the tsunami affected villages and relief shelters and tested for coliforms and pathogens. nine well water samples were also collected for specific bacteriological analysis. presence of coliforms was detected in 56 (37%) water samples. one isolate each of salmonella pa ... | 2006 | 16687861 |
| evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of different parts of citrus aurantifolia (lime fruit) as used locally. | we investigated the potency of citrus aurantifolia (lime fruit), against pathogens, in the different forms in which this fruit plant is used locally (juice of the fruit, burnt rind of the fruit commonly known as "epa-ijebu" in the yoruba dialect) and the oil obtained from steam distillation of the fruit. the antimicrobial activity of "epa-ijebu" in different solvents was also compared. the solvents include palm-wine (a local alcoholic drink tapped from palm trees), seaman's schnapps 40% alcoholi ... | 2006 | 20162090 |
| potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from specific natural niches in food production and preservation. | autochthonous strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab) have been isolated from traditionally homemade cheeses collected from specific ecological localities across serbia and montenegro. genetic and biochemical analysis of this lab revealed that they produce bacteriocins, proteinases and exopolysaccharides. lab produces a variety of antimicrobial substances with potential importance for food fermentation and preservation. apart from the metabolic end products, some strains also secrete antimicrobial ... | 2006 | 16764959 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi b isolates from environmental and human sources in galicia, spain. | salmonella serotype paratyphi b isolates obtained from shellfish and human infections in galicia (northwest spain) from 1998 were investigated by different phenotypic and genetic methods to evaluate their systemic or enteric nature. isolates were investigated for d-tartrate fermentation, presence of genes encoding the effector proteins sope1 and avra, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile, and antimicrobial susceptibility. systemic variant strains (dt-) were the dominant among the marine envi ... | 2006 | 16786846 |
| salmonella paratyphi osteomyelitis and psoas abscess. | bone and joint infections associated with salmonella spp account for less than 1% of all salmonella infections. most of the isolates are salmonella typhi. joint infections with s. paratyphi are uncommon, and there have been only a few reported cases in literature. psoas abscess caused by s. paratyphi has not been reported previously in the literature. we report a case of s. paratyphi a osteomyelitis and psoas abscess. | 2006 | 16483445 |
| multi-drug resistant salmonella java infections acquired from tropical fish aquariums, australia, 2003-04. | antibiotic resistant salmonella infections are rare in australia. we investigated an increase in multidrug resistant salmonella paratyphi b biovar java (s. java) infections in australia during 2003-04. eighty-two per cent (18/22) of s. java cases enrolled into the study reported that they had been in contact with aquariums housing fish during their incubation period. seventy-two per cent (13/18) of cases were infected with strains that were resistant to apsmtccmsusp (ampicillin, streptomycin, te ... | 2006 | 16841504 |
| [construction of prokaryotic expression system of salmonella paratyphi a spao gene and immunogenicity and immunoprotection of the expressed product]. | to study the immunogenicity and immunoprotection of the recombinant expressing product (rspao) of s. paratyphi a spao gene, and to demonstrate the frequencies of spao gene carrying and expressing in s. paratyphi a isolates. | 2006 | 16875542 |
| bafoudiosbulbins a, and b, two anti-salmonellal clerodane diterpenoids from dioscorea bulbifera l. var sativa. | two clerodane diterpenoids, bafoudiosbulbins a 1, and b 2, together with five known compounds: tetracosanoic acid, 1-(tetracosanoyl)-glycerol, trans-tetracosanylferulate, beta-sitosterol and 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-beta-sitosterol were isolated from the tubers of dioscorea bulbifera l. var sativa. their structures were established by spectroscopic methods (1d and 2d-nmr, ms) and x-ray crystallographic diffraction analysis of compound 1. the ch2cl2-soluble portion of the crude extract and the t ... | 2006 | 16876211 |
| antibiogram, phage typing and biotyping of salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a from rourkela, orissa. | 2006 | 16926466 | |
| fulminant hepatic failure caused by salmonella paratyphi a infection. | we report a case of fulminant hepatic failure associated with salmonella paratyphi a infection, in a 29-year-old patient who was admitted to the intensive care unit (icu) with fever of two days, headache and vomiting followed by behavioural changes and disorientation. on examination, the patient appeared acutely ill, agitated, confused, and deeply jaundiced. temperature 38.5 degrees of c, pulse 92/min, blood pressure 130/89 mmhg. both samples of blood grew s. paratyphi a, which was sensitive to ... | 2006 | 16937545 |
| neonatal septicaemia by salmonella paratyphi b. | 2006 | 16505567 | |
| molecular analysis of fluoroquinolone-resistant salmonella paratyphi a isolate, india. | salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi a is increasingly a cause of enteric fever. sequence analysis of an indian isolate showed a unique strain with high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin associated with double mutations in the dna gyrase subunit gyra (ser83-->phe and asp87-->gly) and a mutation in topoisomerase iv subunit parc (ser80-->arg). | 2006 | 16704790 |
| aquariums as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant salmonella paratyphi b. | multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b dt+ isolates from patients with gastroenteritis were identical with isolates from their home aquariums. matched isolates had identical phage types, xbai and is200 profiles, and salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1). ornamental fish tanks are reservoirs for sgi1-containing s. paratyphi b dt+. | 2006 | 16704796 |
| salmonella paratyphi endocarditis. | endocarditis is a rare complication of salmonellosis. the most frequently observed species is salmonella typhi. endocarditis caused by salmonella paratyphi is extremely rare with only three previous cases documented in the medical literature. we report a case of endocarditis caused by salmonella paratyphi in an otherwise healthy young patient, with full recovery after appropriate antibiotic treatment. | 2006 | 16716021 |
| management of splenic abscess in children by percutaneous drainage. | isolated splenic abscesses are rare in pediatric patients. the recommended treatment in the literature has been in favor of splenectomy, although conservative treatment with splenic preservation is being increasingly reported. we report successful management of 4 pediatric patients with splenic abscess by needle aspirations and antibiotics. | 2006 | 16410091 |
| phytochemisty and spermatogenic potentials of aqueous extract of cissus populnea (guill. and per) stem bark. | in vivo clinical trials involving the administration of crude extracts of cissus populnea to male subjects (normospermic, oligospermic, and azoopermic) in a 72-day study revealed that continuous exposure of the subjects to the extracts over this period did not significantly (p < or = 0.05) alter sperm count, morphology, motility, or volume. antimicrobial screening of the extract against some selected microbial isolates secondarily implicated in male infertility revealed total inactivity against ... | 2006 | 17370009 |
| [molecular typing of salmonella paratyphi a isolates from four provinces with pulse-field gel electrophoresis]. | to analyze the molecular types of salmonella paratyphi a strains isolated in the recent years, and to construct the standard s. paratyphi a databank in the laboratory surveillance network pulsenet china. | 2006 | 17343181 |
| enhanced disease surveillance through private health care sector cooperation in karachi, pakistan: experience from a vaccine trial. | in research projects such as vaccine trials, accurate and complete surveillance of all outcomes of interest is critical. in less developed countries where the private sector is the major health-care provider, the private sector must be included in surveillance systems in order to capture all disease of interest. this, however, poses enormous challenges in practice. the process and outcome of recruiting private practice clinics for surveillance in a vaccine trial are described. | 2006 | 16501718 |
| epidemiology and clinical aspects of enteric fever in israel. | enteric fever decreased in israel in the last 50 years, but its current epidemiology is unknown. in a nationwide study, we evaluated all cases of enteric fever from 1995 to 2003. on hundred thirty-six cases met the case definition. during the period studied, the incidence of enteric fever decreased from 0.42 to 0.23/100,000. a total of 57.4% of the cases were acquired abroad. the incidence of endemic enteric fever was 2.7 times higher in arabs than in jews. in arabs, salmonella typhi was the cau ... | 2006 | 16606981 |
| prevalence of multidrug-resistant salmonella on ready-to-eat betel leaves (paan) and in water used for soaking betel leaves in north indian cities. | the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of salmonella in the water used by paan vendors in 11 north indian cities. the analysis of 776 water samples and 120 samples each of preprocessed paan (from vendor stock) and ready-to-eat paan collected from bareilly revealed that four of the ready-to-eat paan and 34 of the water samples contained multidrug-resistant salmonella strains. the isolates belonged to five different serovars, i.e., salmonella newport (1), salmonella paratyphi b ... | 2006 | 16496567 |
| enteric fever: a retrospective 6-year analysis of 82 paediatric cases in a teaching hospital. | to evaluate the clinical and laboratory properties, to see the response to therapy, incidence of antimicrobial resistance and complications of enteric fever in children. | 2007 | 18604016 |
| multinational salmonella paratyphi b variant java (salmonella java) outbreak, august - december 2007. | 2007 | 18179762 | |
| a sudden rise in occurrence of salmonella paratyphi a infection in rourkela orissa. | 2007 | 17377367 | |
| microbial evaluation of foodservice surfaces in texas child-care centers. | children under the age of 5 years experience a disproportionately high rate of bacterial enteric infections. research has shown a relationship between inadequate child-care center sanitation and illnesses in children. this cross-sectional study assessed the sanitation levels of foodservice surfaces in a sample of 36 texas child-care centers via recovery and identification of selected enteric gram-negative bacteria. the centers in this study had the capacity to care for 50 to 332 children and rep ... | 2007 | 17467385 |
| evaluation of the growth inhibitory activities of triphala against common bacterial isolates from hiv infected patients. | the isolation of microbial agents less susceptible to regular antibiotics and the rising trend in the recovery rates of resistant bacteria highlights the need for newer alternative principles. triphala has been used in traditional medicine practice against certain diseases such as jaundice, fever, cough, eye diseases etc. in the present study phytochemical (phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid) and antibacterial activities of aqueous and ethanol extracts of triphala and its individual components ( ... | 2007 | 17273983 |
| a bimodal pattern of relatedness between the salmonella paratyphi a and typhi genomes: convergence or divergence by homologous recombination? | all salmonella can cause disease but severe systemic infections are primarily caused by a few lineages. paratyphi a and typhi are the deadliest human restricted serovars, responsible for approximately 600,000 deaths per annum. we developed a bayesian changepoint model that uses variation in the degree of nucleotide divergence along two genomes to detect homologous recombination between these strains, and with other lineages of salmonella enterica. paratyphi a and typhi showed an atypical and sur ... | 2007 | 17090663 |
| serodiagnosis of salmonella enterica serovar typhi and s. enterica serovars paratyphi a, b and c human infections. | the aim of this study was to evaluate an immunoassay for the detection of human serum antibodies to the lps and flagellar antigens of salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a, b and c, and to the vi capsular polysaccharide of s. typhi and s. paratyphi c. a total of 330 sera were used; these originated from 15 patients who were culture-positive for s. typhi and 15 healthy controls, together with 300 sera submitted to the laboratory of enteric pathogens for salmonella serodiagnosis. by sds-page ... | 2007 | 17761477 |
| vertical transmission of salmonella paratyphi a. | neonatal enteric fever is a rare but life-threatening illness. patients may present with varying severity, salmonella enterica serotype typhi causing more severe illness than salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a. salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a is considered to cause milder infection with fewer complications. we report a rare case of vertical transmission of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a with severe complications and high mortality. even though there are case reports of v ... | 2007 | 17785907 |
| salmonella paratyphi a liver abscess--secondary infection of an amoebic liver abscess? | liver abscess is a rare complication of both enteric fever and non-enteric salmonella infection. we present an unusual case of salmonella paratyphi a liver abscess, where secondary bacterial infection of an amoebic liver abscess was suspected. | 2007 | 17298925 |
| typhoid fever in travelers: time for reassessment. | enteric fever (ef) is the most common bacteremic disease affecting travelers to the tropics. for more than a decade, fluoroquinolones have been considered the drugs of choice for ef. however, recent reports have raised concern about fluoroquinolone resistance. treatment with ciprofloxacin failed in a traveler with salmonella paratyphi ef who had recently returned from india. treatment failed despite minimum inhibitory concentrations of fluoroquinolones within the susceptible range. further in vi ... | 2007 | 17338970 |
| guillain-barré syndrome associated with salmonella paratyphi a. | a 31-year-old nepali man was admitted to the intensive care unit with a 3-day history of fever associated with four-limb weakness, followed by difficulty in swallowing. the patient came from nepal 20 days before admission. on examination the patient was conscious and appeared ill, with a temperature of 38.0 degrees c. his four limbs were weak (grades 2-3) and he was areflexic with mild facial weakness and absent gag reflex. brain ct and mri were normal. cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed high p ... | 2007 | 17349738 |
| mixed salmonella infection: case report and review of the literature. | mixed infection with multiple salmonella serotypes in the same patient is an unusual finding. we present a case of enteric fever in which both salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a were isolated from the blood of a patient traveling from india. | 2007 | 17367485 |
| diverse genome structures of salmonella paratyphi c. | salmonella paratyphi c, like s. typhi, is adapted to humans and causes typhoid fever. previously we reported different genome structures between two strains of s. paratyphi c, which suggests that s. paratyphi c might have a plastic genome (large dna segments being organized in different orders or orientations on the genome). as many but not all host-adapted salmonella pathogens have large genomic insertions as well as the supposedly resultant genomic rearrangements, bacterial genome plasticity p ... | 2007 | 17718928 |
| etiological agents of bacteraemia and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in kathmandu model hospital. | the presence of bacteria in blood is simply known as bacteraemia. the main aim of this study is to determine the bacteraemia in patients visiting kathmandu model hospital and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates with special interest on ciprofloxacin. this prospective study was carried out in microbiology laboratory, kathmandu model hospital from april 2005 to june 2005. standard procedure was followed for blood sample collection. the bacteria were isolated and identified by standard mi ... | 2007 | 18274566 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of crude extracts from plants bryophyllum pinnatum and kalanchoe crenata. | extracts from the leaves of bryophyllum pinnatum and kalanchoe crenata were screened for their antimicrobial activities. solvents used included water, methanol, and local solvents such as palmwine, local gin (seaman's schnapps 40% alcoholic drink,) and "omi ekan-ogi" (sour water from 3 days fermented milled maize). leaves were dried and powdered before being soaked in solvents for 3 days. another traditional method of extraction by squeezing raw juice from the leaves was also employed. all extra ... | 2007 | 20161897 |
| [a case of salmonella paratyphi a infection in poland]. | paratyphoid fever is an acute infection caused by salmonella paratyphi a, b or c. the disease is transmitted from person to person by fecal-oral way. typical for typhoid fever are splenomegaly, bradycardia, fever, constipation or mild diarrhoea oftten associated with abdominal tenderness. we present the case of patient who was infected by salmonella paratyphi c while his travelling in asia. | 2008 | 18663912 |
| laboratory-based surveillance of paratyphoid fever in the united states: travel and antimicrobial resistance. | the incidence of paratyphoid fever, including paratyphoid fever caused by antimicrobial-resistant strains, is increasing globally. however, the epidemiologic and laboratory characteristics of paratyphoid fever in the united states have never been studied. | 2008 | 18422453 |
| the tubex test detects not only typhoid-specific antibodies but also soluble antigens and whole bacteria. | tubex (idl biotech) is a 5 min semiquantitative colorimetric test for typhoid fever, a widely endemic disease. tubex detects anti-salmonella o9 antibodies from a patient's serum by the ability of these antibodies to inhibit the binding between an indicator antibody-bound particle and a magnetic antigen-bound particle. herein, we report that tubex could also be used to specifically detect soluble o9 lipopolysaccharide in antigen-spiked buffer by the ability of the antigen to inhibit the same bind ... | 2008 | 18287294 |
| enteric fever due to salmonella paratyphi a in greece: a case report. | abstract: | 2008 | 19087343 |
| recombinant spao and h1a as immunogens for protection of mice from lethal infection with salmonella paratyphi a: implications for rational design of typhoid fever vaccines. | the vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine is one of two vaccines against typhoid recommended worldwide and is the vaccine generally used in china. however, in recent years a salmonella paratyphi a strain that is naturally devoid of capsule has caused frequent outbreaks of typhoid fever in southern china, leading to the need for identification of additional antigens that could be incorporated into new vaccines. spao acts as a major invasion factor of salmonella enterica spp. and h1a is the unique fl ... | 2008 | 18834913 |
| [pneumonia in a traveller coming back from asia]. | a case of salmonella paratyphi a infection was diagnosed late in a patient treated for febrile pneumonia after his returning from india. this case was remarkable in two aspects: first, it illustrated the reemergence of s.paratyphi a infections in people having traveled to india, with increasing fluoroquinolone resistance, and second the difficulty of diagnosing this disease, since the patient was initially treated for pneumonia and flu-like syndrome. salmonella typhi or paratyphi infections shou ... | 2008 | 18951744 |
| vertical transmission of salmonella paratyphi a. | 2008 | 19011811 | |
| salmonella paratyphi a: an important cause of typhoid fever in ludhiana. | 2008 | 19125543 | |
| acute transverse myelitis secondary to salmonella paratyphi b infection. | acute transverse myelitis (atm) is a rare entity with an annual incidence of 4.6 per one million people. its hallmark lesions are medullary perivenular inflammation and demyelination. the parainfectious form of atm constitutes the most common subset of this entity. we report a woman with atm secondary to salmonella paratyphi b infection (paratyphoid fever) who was successfully treated with a specific parenteral antibiotic. although, the association of salmonella typhi infection and atm is very r ... | 2008 | 17906841 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella spp. and isolates with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin in kuwait and the united arab emirates. | kuwait and united arab emirates (uae) are 2 countries with worldwide significance in the context of global epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. the extent of drug resistance in salmonella spp. isolated from these countries was investigated by determining their susceptibility to 9 antibiotics using the e-test method. amikacin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin had excellent activities against all kuwait and uae isolates with mic(90)s ranging between 0.056 and 4.5 microg/ ... | 2008 | 17931817 |
| salmonella paratyphi spondylitis: a case report. | this is a case report of acute l3/4 vertebral osteomyelitis due to salmonella paratyphi a confirmed by culture from vertebral needle biopsy. from a review of the literature this is the first reported case with bacteriological confirmation. the rarity of salmonella paratyphi spondylitis and the options for treatment are discussed. | 2008 | 18008092 |
| emerging trends in enteric fever in nepal: 9124 cases confirmed by blood culture 1993-2003. | this was a retrospective study in an urban hospital in kathmandu, nepal to determine the changing burden of salmonella septicaemia, the proportion of salmonella paratyphi a, and the emergence of drug-resistant organisms. the participants were outpatients and inpatients over the period 1993-2003, and the main outcome measures were blood culture isolates and antibiotic sensitivity testing. the results showed that of 82467 blood cultures performed, a bacterium was isolated from 12252. salmonella ac ... | 2008 | 18023462 |
| spinal subdural haematoma: a rare complication of low-molecular-weight heparin therapy. | a 52-year-old man presented with chest pain, diarrhoea, rash, and arthritis. the use of low-molecular-weight heparin for suspected pulmonary embolism or angina led to a spinal subdural haematoma 3 days later. he was retrospectively confirmed to have salmonella paratyphi infection. the clinical presentation and management of spinal subdural haematomas, and the incidence and manifestations of reactive arthritis related to salmonella infections are briefly discussed. | 2008 | 18239247 |
| multistate outbreak of human salmonella infections associated with exposure to turtles--united states, 2007-2008. | turtles and other reptiles have long been recognized as a source of human salmonella infections. to prevent turtle-associated salmonella infections in humans, the sale and distribution of small turtles (i.e., those with a carapace length of less than 4 inches) has been prohibited in the united states since 1975. despite this prohibition, small turtles remain available to the public from various sources, including pet shops, flea markets, street vendors, and internet websites. in october 2007, th ... | 2008 | 18219268 |
| salmonella infections in immunocompromised adults. | clinical syndromes caused by salmonella infection in humans are divided into typhoid fever, caused by salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi, and a range of clinical syndromes, including diarrhoeal disease, caused by a large number of non-typhoidal salmonella serovars (nts). typhoid is a human-restricted and highly adapted invasive disease, but shows little association with immunocompromise. in contrast, nts have a broad vertebrate host range, epidemiology that often involves food animals, an ... | 2008 | 18474400 |
| further evaluation of a multiplex pcr for differentiation of salmonella paratyphi a from other salmonellae. | salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi a is a causative agent of paratyphoid fever. the clinical syndrome caused by paratyphoid fever overlaps with other febrile illnesses and cannot be distinguished from typhoid fever. conventional methods used for diagnosis are time consuming, costly, and labor-intensive. we evaluated the specificity, sensitivity, and application of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) previously developed by the method (ou, h.y., teh, c.s.j., thong, k.l., et al., j. mol ... | 2008 | 18653978 |
| antibacterial properties of fish mucus from channa punctatus and cirrhinus mrigala. | extracts and preparations made from the animal origin were used extensively in folk and modern medicine for treating many human diseases. in the present study efforts have been made to find the antimicrobial effect of the mucus of two bottom dwelling fresh water fishes namely, channa punctatus and cirrhinus mrigala. fish mucus were tested against ten pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, klebsiella pneumoniae, lactobacillus vulgaris, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aer ... | 2008 | 18700685 |
| enteric fever in mumbai--clinical profile, sensitivity patterns and response to antimicrobials. | enteric fever is endemic in mumbai and its diagnosis poses several problems. our main aim was to study the clinical profile, haematological features of culture proven typhoid cases, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates and the time to defervescence with the treatment received. | 2008 | 18702385 |
| emergence of salmonella paratyphi a as a major cause of enteric fever: need for early detection, preventive measures, and effective vaccines. | 2008 | 19006508 | |
| antibacterial activity of aegle marmelos against leaf, bark and fruit extracts. | the antibacterial activity of the methanol, chloroform and aqueous extracts from the leaves, bark and fruit of a. marmelos was studied using disc diffusion method against bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus (gram positive), klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, escherichia coli, salmonella paratyphi a and salmonella paratyphi b (gram negative). results suggest that the methanolic extract has significant antibacterial activity against tested bacteria. the present study justifies the clai ... | 2008 | 22557272 |
| treatment of enteric fever. | enteric fever is systemic illness caused by salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a, b and c. it is believed to be a readily treatable illness by many clinicians in the developing world where it is endemic; however, with the emergence of drug resistance to fluoroquinolones, treatment is becoming increasingly difficult. while drugs such as cefixime, previously believed to be effective, have been proven otherwise, new agents such as gatifloxacin and azithromycin have proven to be promising. re ... | 2008 | 19745518 |
| high-dose intravenous dexamethasone in the management of diarrheal patients with enteric fever and encephalopathy. | we conducted a retrospective chart analysis of diarrheal patients with enteric fever and encephalopathy (among survivors and non-survivors) to examine the role of high-dose, intravenous dexamethasone as an adjunct to appropriate antimicrobial therapy in their management. we studied all patients admitted to the special care ward (scw) of dhaka hospital between october 2006 and october 2007 with a diagnosis of encephalopathy in association with enteric fever. twenty-three cases were identified wit ... | 2009 | 19842390 |
| salmonella serotype distribution in the dutch broiler supply chain. | salmonella serotype distribution can give insight in contamination routes and persistence along a production chain. therefore, it is important to determine not only salmonella prevalence but also to specify the serotypes involved at the different stages of the supply chain. for this purpose, data from a national monitoring program in the netherlands were used to estimate the serotype distribution and to determine whether this distribution differs for the available sampling points in the broiler ... | 2009 | 19903970 |
| identification and distribution of accessory genome dna sequences from an invasive african isolate of salmonella heidelberg. | nontyphoidal salmonellae (nts) are a leading cause of invasive disease in young children in sub-saharan africa. we used suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) to identify 41 sequences within the accessory genome of an invasive strain of salmonella heidelberg from malawi. pcr assays and database searches, used to determine the distribution of 14 ssh sequences among a panel of african and uk nts isolates and published genomes, indicated that two were specific for s. heidelberg. however, we fo ... | 2009 | 19594621 |
| simple liver cyst as a focus of salmonella paratyphi abscess: a case report. | salmonellosis, endemic in various part of the world, is considered a differential diagnosis in a tropical traveller. although it usually presents as gastroenteritis, its various clinical syndromes may vary from mild gastroenteritis to severe septicaemia including abscess formation, the later two being the most common cause of morbidity and mortality. here we present a patient who returned to the uk after an overseas trip and was diagnosed with a pyogenic liver abscess with salmonella paratyphi a ... | 2009 | 20309421 |
| a case of vertebral osteomyelitis due to quinolone-resistant salmonella paratyphi a. | this is a case of a 63-year-old asian female patient who presented to accident and emergency with a febrile illness 3 weeks after her return from the indian subcontinent. she was given empirical treatment with ciprofloxacin. blood cultures grew a quinolone-resistant resistant salmonella paratyphi a so she was re-called, admitted to hospital and treated with intravenous cefotaxime. she did not have known risk factors for invasive salmonellosis. on day 8 she complained of back pain, but since her ... | 2009 | 21686826 |
| multistate outbreak of salmonella infections associated with small turtle exposure, 2007-2008. | turtle-associated salmonellosis was increasingly recognized in the united states during the 1960s, leading to a federal ban in 1975 on the sale of turtles <4 inches in carapace length (small turtles). although sporadic reports of turtle-associated salmonella are frequent, outbreaks are rare. in september 2007, several patients with salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi b var java infections reported recent turtle exposure. we conducted an investigation to determine the source and extent of the ... | 2009 | 19841114 |
| gallbladder carriage of salmonella paratyphi a may be an important factor in the increasing incidence of this infection in south asia. | 2009 | 19380862 | |
| extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamases and ampc {beta}-lactamases in ceftiofur-resistant salmonella enterica isolates from food and livestock obtained in germany during 2003-07. | detection and characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) and ampc-encoding genes was conducted in german salmonella isolated from different sources from 2003 to 2007. | 2009 | 19474065 |
| detecting snps and estimating allele frequencies in clonal bacterial populations by sequencing pooled dna. | summary: here, we present a method for estimating the frequencies of snp alleles present within pooled samples of dna using high-throughput short-read sequencing. the method was tested on real data from six strains of the highly monomorphic pathogen salmonella paratyphi a, sequenced individually and in a pool. a variety of read mapping and quality-weighting procedures were tested to determine the optimal parameters, which afforded > or =80% sensitivity of snp detection and strong correlation wit ... | 2009 | 19497932 |
| decreased fluoroquinolone susceptibility in mutants of salmonella serovars other than typhimurium: detection of novel mutations involved in modulated expression of rama and soxs. | mutants of five salmonella enterica serovars were investigated for structural changes in regulatory regions known to be involved in the up-regulation of efflux pumps. | 2009 | 19778917 |
| [epidemiological and etiological characteristics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in ningbo during 1988 - 2007]. | to study the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in high epidemic areas. | 2009 | 19642380 |
| bone marrow culture vs. blood culture in fuo. | bone marrow culture is considered superior to blood culture in evaluation of fuo. the aim of this study was to compare the usefulness of these two cultures. | 2009 | 20387354 |
| screening of antibacterial potentials of some medicinal plants from melghat forest in india. | cyperus rotundus, caesalpinia bonducella, tinospora cordifolia, gardenia gummifera, ailanthus excelsa, acacia arabica, embelia ribes and ventilago maderspatana from melghat forest were screened for their antibacterial potential against escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus vulgaris, salmonella typhi, shigella flexneri, salmonella paratyphi, salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter aerogenes by disc diffusion method. out of these medicinal pla ... | 2009 | 20448847 |
| distribution trends of salmonella serovars in india (2001-2005). | a total of 3079 samples were received and identified at the national salmonella and escherichia centre (nsec), central research institute, kasauli, india during 2001-2005. out of these, 2098 samples were from humans, 250 from animals, and 726 from meat, vegetables, seafood and the environment. the salmonella strains isolated were distributed among 35 different salmonella serovars. the most common serovars from humans were salmonella typhi (73%) and salmonella paratyphi a (24%) among typhoidal se ... | 2009 | 18950825 |
| isolation of salmonella paratyphi a from renal abscess. | intrarenal abscesses remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality as well as a diagnostic dilemma because a plethora of microorganisms can cause this condition. a definitive diagnosis is made by demonstrating the organisms from the aspirate and the success or failure of therapy depends upon the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. enteric fever is a multisystem disorder caused by invasive strains of salmonella. salmonellosis continues to be a major public health problem, especially in dev ... | 2009 | 19136804 |
| minimum inhibitory concentration of carbapenems and tigecycline against salmonella spp. | antimicrobial resistance in salmonella spp. is of grave concern, more so in quinolone-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing isolates that cause complicated infections. the mic of azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, cefixime, cefepime, ceftriaxone, gatifloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem and ofloxacin (e-test strip) and tigecycline and faropenem (agar dilution) against 210 salmonella spp. was determined. mic(90) (defined as the antimicrobial concentration that inhibited ... | 2009 | 19208884 |
| salmonella paratyphi c: genetic divergence from salmonella choleraesuis and pathogenic convergence with salmonella typhi. | background: although over 1400 salmonella serovars cause usually self-limited gastroenteritis in humans, a few, e.g., salmonella typhi and s. paratyphi c, cause typhoid, a potentially fatal systemic infection. it is not known whether the typhoid agents have evolved from a common ancestor (by divergent processes) or acquired similar pathogenic traits independently (by convergent processes). comparison of different typhoid agents with non-typhoidal salmonella lineages will provide excellent models ... | 2009 | 19229335 |
| salmonella meningitis in an adult with type b viral hepatitis and an incidental schwannoma. | salmonella meningitis is an unusual complication of salmonella sepsis that occurs almost exclusively in infants and young children. cases that do occur in adults are associated with a high morbidity and mortality. the present study concerns a rare case of salmonella meningitis, the first to be reported in qatar, in a previously healthy young adult man who was admitted with fever, headache and nuchal rigidity. cerebrospinal fluid (csf) culture produced salmonella paratyphi a, although cultures of ... | 2009 | 21686413 |
| an increase in enteric fever cases due to salmonella paratyphi a in & around chandigarh. | enteric fever is a major public health problem in india. it is classically caused by salmonella enterica serotype typhi. salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a which had been reported less frequently from cases of enteric fever has shown an increasing trend since 1996 in india. there is also variation in the antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella paratyphi a from different parts of the country. an attempt is therefore made to study the rate of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility pat ... | 2009 | 19287065 |
| characterization of pathogenic and resistant genome repertoire reveals two clonal lines in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi b (+)-tartrate positive. | a total of 36 contemporary human, animal, and environmental (+)-tartrate-fermenting (dt+) salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b isolates, formerly called salmonella serovar java, and five related monophasic s. enterica serovar 4,5,12:b:- isolates from belgium, germany, the netherlands, and the united kingdom were investigated for clonality and antimicrobial resistance profiles, as well as their virulence and resistance gene repertoire. two major clonal lines, which could be phenotypically diff ... | 2009 | 19292689 |
| [molecular biological and phenotypical characterization of human isolates of salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b dt+ or salmonella java]. | salmonella paratyphi b dt+ (or salmonella java) is an emerging public health problem. the study objective was to characterize phenotypically and genotypically 13 human isolates from sporadic cases of infection. | 2009 | 19358450 |
| [permanent deafness following typhoid fever: case report from dakar, senegal]. | severe infections due to salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi are still common in sub-saharan africa where many patients are empirically treated for malaria. in addition to the usual clinical signs and complications of typhoid fever, clinicians practicing in high incidence areas must be aware of less common manifestations. the purpose of this report is to describe a case involving an 18-year-old boy who presented with quinine-resistant febrile coma. the final diagnosis was typhoid fever. af ... | 2009 | 19499740 |
| reliable means of diagnosis and serovar determination of blood-borne salmonella strains: quick pcr amplification of unique genomic loci by novel primer sets. | typhoid fever is becoming an ever increasing threat in the developing countries. we have improved considerably upon the existing pcr-based diagnosis method by designing primers against a region that is unique to salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi and salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi a, corresponding to the sty0312 gene in s. typhi and its homolog spa2476 in s. paratyphi a. an additional set of primers amplify another region in s. typhi ct18 and s. typhi ty2 co ... | 2009 | 19535522 |
| lactobacillus fermentum isolated from human colonic mucosal biopsy inhibits the growth and adhesion of enteric and foodborne pathogens. | a number of lactobacillus species are used as probiotic strains in order to benefit health. we have isolated l. fermentum from human colonic mucosal biopsy samples that possess antimicrobial activities against entroinvasive and foodborne pathogens such as escherichia coli, salmonella paratyphi a, shigella sonnei, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and vibrio sp. in addition to lactic acid, l. fermentum secretes antimicrobial proteinacious com ... | 2010 | 21535608 |
| antibacterial effects of goat and chicken heart tissues against human pathogenic bacteria. | the crude buffer (tris buffer saline-i) extracts of muscles, liver, kidney and heart of goat and chicken (white leghorn) were screened against 16 clinical isolates. among the five tissues, the heart tissue of each animal showed significant bactericidal activities on many isolates. the acid extracted crude proteins of both heart tissues also showed significant antibacterial activities against many bacterial isolates. the crude proteins of goat heart tissues displayed strong bactericidal activitie ... | 2010 | 20726340 |
| trends and disease burden of enteric fever in guangxi province, china, 1994-2004. | to determine the burden of enteric fever through trends in morbidity and mortality, bacterial species and antimicrobial resistance in guangxi, a southern, subtropical, coastal province of china with a disproportionally large burden of enteric fever. | 2010 | 20865074 |
| an uncommon complication of salmonella paratyphi a infection. | 2010 | 21033312 | |
| incidence of typhoid bacteremia in infants and young children in southern coastal pakistan. | the burden of typhoid fever in preschool children is not well recognized. the purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of typhoid bacteremia in pakistani children <5 years of age, with a focus on children younger than 2 years of age. this will help to inform prevention policies in highly endemic countries. | 2010 | 21046701 |
| [antibacterial antibodies in human immunoglobulins and sera: past and present]. | to measure levels of several types of antibacterial antibodies in preparations of normal human immunoglobulin as well as in samples of donor sera obtained in 1965 and 2009. | 2010 | 21061576 |
| [multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of salmonella paratyphi a isolates from 2000 to 2008, china]. | to analyze molecular and evolution characteristics of salmonella paratyphi a isolates from 2000 to 2008, china. | 2010 | 21092625 |
| ten years experience of salmonella infections in cambridge, uk. | review of all salmonella infections diagnosed in the cambridge area over 10 years. | 2010 | 19819256 |
| conservative management of isolated splenic abscess in children. | isolated splenic abscesses (sas) are rare in children. we report a single-center experience with emphasis on their diagnosis, etiology, treatment, and outcome. | 2010 | 20152354 |
| enteric fever: a travel medicine oriented view. | enteric fever continues to be an important infection among populations in endemic countries and among travelers to these areas. this review aims to describe recent epidemiological trends and developments in diagnosis, treatment and prevention. | 2010 | 20613510 |
| an uncommon complication of salmonella paratyphi a infection. | 2010 | 20645547 |