Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| spatiotemporal analysis of purkinje cell degeneration relative to parasagittal expression domains in a model of neonatal viral infection. | infection of newborn lewis rats with borna disease virus (neonatal borna disease [nbd]) results in cerebellar damage without the cellular inflammation associated with infections in later life. purkinje cell (pc) damage has been reported for several models of early-life viral infection, including nbd; however, the time course and distribution of pc pathology have not been investigated rigorously. this study examined the spatiotemporal relationship between pc death and zonal organization in nbd ce ... | 2007 | 17182680 |
| morphometric analysis of the retina from horses infected with the borna disease virus. | borna disease (bd) is a fatal disorder of horses, often characterized by blindness. although degeneration of retinal neurons has been demonstrated in a rat model, there are controversial data concerning whether a similar degeneration occurs in the retina of infected horses. to investigate whether bd may cause degeneration of photoreceptors and possibly of other neuronal cells at least at later stages of the disease, we performed a detailed quantitative morphologic study of retinal tissue from bo ... | 2007 | 17197624 |
| tracking antigen-specific cd8+ t cells in the rat using mhc class i multimers. | studies of the quantitative and qualitative aspects of anti-microbial, anti-tumoral or autoreactive immune responses have been greatly facilitated by the possibility to stain antigen-specific cd8(+) t cells using fluorescently labeled multimeric major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i/peptide complexes. so far, this technology has been developed for human and mouse, but not yet in the rat. here, we describe the generation of the first rat mhc multimer. we produced a rat rt1(l) pro5 mhc pe ... | 2007 | 17223126 |
| characterization of a borna disease virus field isolate which shows efficient viral propagation and transmissibility. | to investigate the biological characteristics of field isolates of borna disease virus (bdv), as well as to understand bdv infections outside endemic countries, we isolated the virus from brain samples of a heifer with borna disease in japan. we demonstrate that the brain lysate contained replication products of bdv and induced viral propagation in rat glioma cells, suggesting that a replication-competent bdv existed in the bovine brain. this field strain of bdv, named bo/04w, showed efficient v ... | 2007 | 17306587 |
| meta-analysis of putative human bornavirus sequences fails to provide evidence implicating borna disease virus in mental illness. | all borna disease virus (bdv) sequences derived from human specimens published till date were thoroughly analysed and compared to sequences of bdv laboratory strains and to bdv sequences from animals which succumbed to classical borna disease (bd). despite high sequence conservation of the bdv genome, animal-derived bdv sequences clustered according to their geographic origin. however, in marked contrast, human-derived bdv sequences did not cluster according to their geographic origin but showed ... | 2007 | 17342788 |
| genome trimming by borna disease viruses: viral replication control or escape from cellular surveillance? | persistence of rna viruses is frequently associated with non-uniform terminal nucleotide deletions at both ends of the viral genome, which are believed to restrict viral replication and transcription during persistent infection. borna disease virus (bdv), a negative strand rna virus with no recognizable acute phase, quickly establishes persistence. we recently demonstrated that the vast majority of bdv genomes and antigenomes possess uniformly trimmed 5' termini, even if the virus is recovered f ... | 2007 | 17372677 |
| development of a real-time rt-pcr assay for improved detection of borna disease virus. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a non-segmented, negative-stranded rna virus, which infects cells of the central nervous system (cns) in many different species. bdv is the causative agent of the neurological disorders in horses and sheep termed classical borna disease (bd), as well as staggering disease in cats. at present, the diagnosis staggering disease or feline bd is made by histopathology or immunohistochemistry of the cns. in order to obtain a better clinical diagnostic tool, a duplex real-t ... | 2007 | 17376545 |
| downregulation of an astrocyte-derived inflammatory protein, s100b, reduces vascular inflammatory responses in brains persistently infected with borna disease virus. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a neurotropic virus that causes a persistent infection in the central nervous system (cns) of many vertebrate species. although a severe reactive gliosis is observed in experimentally bdv-infected rat brains, little is known about the glial reactions contributing to the viral persistence and immune modulation in the cns. in this regard, we examined the expression of an astrocyte-derived factor, s100b, in the brains of lewis rats persistently infected with bdv. s100b ... | 2007 | 17376896 |
| cell-to-cell spread of borna disease virus proceeds in the absence of the virus primary receptor and furin-mediated processing of the virus surface glycoprotein. | borna disease virus (bdv) is an enveloped virus with a nonsegmented negative-strand rna genome whose organization is characteristic of mononegavirales. bdv cell entry follows a receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway, which is initiated by the recognition of an as-yet-unidentified receptor at the cell surface by the virus glycoprotein g. bdv g is synthesized as a precursor (gpc) that is cleaved by the cellular protease furin to produce the mature glycoproteins gp1 and gp2, which have been implicat ... | 2007 | 17376904 |
| generation and characterization of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the glycoprotein of borna disease virus. | borna disease virus (bdv) is an enveloped virus with a nonsegmented negative-strand rna genome whose organization is characteristic of mononegavirales. however, based on its unique genetics and biological features, bdv is considered to be the prototypic member of a new virus family, bornaviridae, within the order mononegavirales. bdv cell entry occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis, a process initiated by the recognition of an as yet unidentified receptor at the cell surface by the bdv surfac ... | 2007 | 17376911 |
| functional characterization of the major and minor phosphorylation sites of the p protein of borna disease virus. | the phosphoprotein p of borna disease virus (bdv) is an essential cofactor of the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase. it is preferentially phosphorylated at serine residues 26 and 28 by protein kinase c epsilon (pkcepsilon) and, to a lesser extent, at serine residues 70 and 86 by casein kinase ii (ckii). to determine whether p phosphorylation is required for viral polymerase activity, we generated p mutants lacking either the pkcepsilon or the ckii phosphate acceptor sites by replacing the corre ... | 2007 | 17376920 |
| could a virus contribute to weight gain? | obesity is a serious public health problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality. although the causes for obesity are unclear, it seems that environmental, genetic, neural and endocrine factors contribute to its development. however, the rapid global spread of obesity resembles epidemiologically the spread of an infectious disease. thus far, little consideration has been given to the possibility that the epidemic of obesity could be due to an infectious agent. seven viruses and a scr ... | 2007 | 17420782 |
| the x protein of borna disease virus serves essential functions in the viral multiplication cycle. | the x gene of borna disease virus (bdv) encodes a nonstructural 10-kda protein that can interact with viral polymerase cofactor p, thus regulating polymerase activity. it remained unknown whether x is essential for virus multiplication. all our attempts to generate mutant bdv with a nonfunctional x gene proved unsuccessful. however, a mutant virus with an inactive x gene was able to replicate in vero cells if an artificial gene cassette encoding x was inserted at a site near the 5' end of the vi ... | 2007 | 17428855 |
| a borna disease virus vector for expression of foreign genes in neurons of rodents. | an expression cassette for green fluorescent protein was successfully inserted at a site near the 5' end of the genome of borna disease virus (bdv). when introduced into a mutant virus with highly active polymerase, the foreign gene was strongly expressed in neurons of infected rats. since bdv can establish long-term persistence in the central nervous system of rodents, it may be used to engineer efficient vectors for specific delivery of foreign genes into highly differentiated neurons. | 2007 | 17428876 |
| surveying cereal-infecting geminiviruses in germany--diagnostics and direct sequencing using rolling circle amplification. | geminiviruses have spread in german cereal crops during the last few years. in order to identify and classify them, we have compared conventional techniques (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, polymerase chain reaction, bacterial cloning, and sequencing) with a newly developed method which uses rolling circle amplification (rca), restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), and direct sequencing without a bacterial cloning step. whereas immunological methods utilising polyclonal antibodies ... | 2007 | 17449126 |
| necrotizing encephalitis of unknown cause in fennoscandian arctic foxes (alopex lagopus). | a neurologic disease affected a colony of endangered fennoscandian arctic foxes (alopex lagopus) kept in captivity for breeding purposes. several outbreaks of disease occurred between 1994 and 2004. the clinical signs included ataxia, indications of anosmia, blindness, and abnormal behavior. the disease was characterized by severe necrotizing encephalitis affecting mostly the cranial cerebrum, basal ganglia, and olfactory bulbs. investigations to identify the etiology of the disease included tes ... | 2007 | 17459845 |
| serum antibodies directed against classical swine fever virus and other pestiviruses in wild boar (sus scrofa) in the republic of croatia. | the presence of serum antibodies directed against classical swine fever (csf) virus and other pestiviruses among the wild boar (sus scrofa) population in croatia was investigated. during 2003, serum samples from 214 wild boars were collected in 10 hunting areas in the continental part of the country. the sera were examined by enzyme immunoassay (elisa) and in the virus neutralization test (vnt). out of 214 sera tested 111 (51.87 %) were positive by elisa and regarding neutralising antibodies, ag ... | 2007 | 17484502 |
| adaptation of borna disease virus to new host species attributed to altered regulation of viral polymerase activity. | borna disease virus (bdv) can persistently infect the central nervous system of a broad range of mammalian species. mice are resistant to infections with primary bdv isolates, but certain laboratory strains can be adapted to replicate in mice. we determined the molecular basis of adaptation by studying mutations acquired by a cdna-derived bdv strain during one brain passage in rats and three passages in mice. the adapted virus propagated efficiently in mouse brains and induced neurological disea ... | 2007 | 17522214 |
| serological survey for antibodies against pestiviruses in sheep in austria. | the prevalence of antibodies to pestiviruses was investigated in 4931 sheep, in 377 flocks, in four federal states of austria, by means of an indirect elisa that detected antibodies to border disease virus (bdv) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). the mean flock prevalence was 62.9 per cent and the mean individual prevalence was 29.4 per cent. comparative neutralisation studies on the elisa-positive samples with bvdv type 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv type 2 (bvdv-2) and bdv recorded 336 samples with hi ... | 2007 | 17526894 |
| influence of communal alpine pasturing on the spread of pestiviruses among sheep and goats in austria: first identification of border disease virus in austria. | the purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence of communal alpine pasturing on the spread of pestivirus infections among sheep and goats. the study included 481 sheep from 23 farms and 131 goats from 26 farms pastured on separated alpine meadows in the western part of austria. at the starting of pasturing on the sheep meadow, 325 (67.6%) animals were seropositive, on the goat meadows in 16 (12.2%) samples antibodies to pestiviruses were detected. at the end of pasturing, 74 ser ... | 2007 | 17542964 |
| borna disease virus p protein inhibits nitric oxide synthase gene expression in astrocytes. | borna disease virus (bdv) is one of the potential infectious agents involved in the development of central nervous system (cns) diseases. neurons and astrocytes are the main targets of bdv infection, but little is known about the roles of bdv infection in the biological effects of astrocytes. here we reported that bdv inhibits the activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) in murine astrocytes induced by bacterial lps and pma. to determine which protein of bdv is responsible for the re ... | 2007 | 17543364 |
| borna disease virus infection impairs synaptic plasticity. | the mechanisms whereby borna disease virus (bdv) can impair neuronal function and lead to neurobehavioral disease are not well understood. to analyze the electrophysiological properties of neurons infected with bdv, we used cultures of neurons grown on multielectrode arrays, allowing a real-time monitoring of the electrical activity across the network shaped by synaptic transmission. although infection did not affect spontaneous neuronal activity, it selectively blocked activity-dependent enhanc ... | 2007 | 17553893 |
| a common neutralizing epitope on envelope glycoprotein e2 of different pestiviruses: implications for improvement of vaccines and diagnostics for classical swine fever (csf)? | the pestivirus genus within the family of flaviviridae consists of at least three species; classical swine fever virus (csfv) found in swine and wild boar, bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 and type 2 (bvdv-i and bvdv-ii) mainly isolated from cattle and border disease virus (bdv) preferably replicating in ovine species. many features demonstrate differences between csfv and other pestiviruses, bvdv-i, bvdv-ii and bdv, here defined as noncsfv, whereas other features show similarities between al ... | 2007 | 17561359 |
| neonatal borna disease virus infection in rats is associated with increased extracellular levels of glutamate and neurodegeneration in the striatum. | the authors evaluated a role of glutamate (glu) excitotoxicity in neonatal borna disease virus (bdv) infection-associated neuronal injury by measuring extracellular levels of glu in the striatum of 70-day-old fischer344 rats using in vivo microdialysis. the effects of bdv infection on the protein levels of the glu transporters and the cystine-glu antiporter and on the total numbers of striatal neurons and the volume of the striatum were also assessed. bdv increased the basal levels of glu but di ... | 2007 | 17613708 |
| structural comparisons of the nucleoprotein from three negative strand rna virus families. | structures of the nucleoprotein of three negative strand rna virus families, borna disease virus, rhabdovirus and influenza a virus, are now available. structural comparisons showed that the topology of the rna binding region from the three proteins is very similar. the rna was shown to fit into a cavity formed by the two distinct domains of the rna binding region in the rhabdovirus nucleoprotein. two helices connecting the two domains characterize the center of the cavity. the nucleoproteins co ... | 2007 | 17623082 |
| sero-epidemiological study of borna disease virus infection in the italian equine population. | 2007 | 17682886 | |
| pathogenic potential of borna disease virus lacking the immunodominant cd8 t-cell epitope. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a highly neurotropic, noncytolytic virus. experimentally infected b10.br mice remain healthy unless specific antiviral t cells that infiltrate the infected brain are triggered by immunization. in contrast, infected mrl mice spontaneously mount an antiviral t-cell response that can result in meningoencephalitis and neurological disease. the antiviral t cells may, alternatively, eliminate the virus without inducing disease if they are present in sufficient numbers befo ... | 2007 | 17686872 |
| numerical taxonomy of the genus pestivirus based on palindromic nucleotide substitutions in the 5' untranslated region. | the palindromic nucleotide substitutions (pns) at the three variable loci (v1, v2 and v3) in the 5' untranslated region (utr) of pestivirus rna have been considered for taxonomical segregation of species, through the evaluation of 430 genomic sequences. on the basis of qualitative and quantitative secondary structure characteristics, six species have been identified: bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (bvdv-2), classical swine fever virus (csfv), border disease ... | 2007 | 17719098 |
| high preservation of dna standards diluted in 50% glycerol. | standard curves are important tools in real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to precisely analyze gene expression patterns under physiologic and pathologic conditions. handling of dna standards often implies multiple cycles of freezing and thawing that might affect dna stability and integrity. this in turn might influence the reliability and reproducibility of quantitative measurements in real-time pcr assays. in this study, 3 dna standards such as murine tumor necrosis factor ( ... | 2007 | 17721323 |
| [mechanism of nuclear transport and persistent infection of borna disease virus]. | 2007 | 17824235 | |
| borna disease virus matrix protein is an integral component of the viral ribonucleoprotein complex that does not interfere with polymerase activity. | we have recently shown that the matrix protein m of borna disease virus (bdv) copurifies with the affinity-purified nucleoprotein (n) from bdv-infected cells, suggesting that m is an integral component of the viral ribonucleoprotein complex (rnp). however, further studies were hampered by the lack of appropriate tools. here we generated an m-specific rabbit polyclonal antiserum to investigate the intracellular distribution of m as well as its colocalization with other viral proteins in bdv-infec ... | 2007 | 17079312 |
| activators of potassium m currents have anticonvulsant actions in two rat models of encephalitis. | opioid systems in hippocampus regulate excitability and kappa opioids have a role in anticonvulsant protection, but their mechanisms of action are incompletely understood. we examined the ability of opioid and nonopioid agents with overlapping ionic mechanisms and actions similar to kappa opioid agonists, to block seizures in rat models of encephalitis due to borna disease virus and herpes simplex virus type-1. naltrindole, a delta antagonist and thus a kappa opioid sparing agent, (10 mg/kg s.c. ... | 2007 | 17126318 |
| genetic and antigenic typing of border disease virus isolates in sheep from the iberian peninsula. | a selection of 10 pestiviruses isolated from sheep from the iberian peninsula from 2001 to 2004 was characterised at the molecular level. the 5' untranslated region (5'-utr) and n(pro)-coding gene were amplified by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and sequenced directly from purified products. all isolates were also typed antigenically with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against representative isolates of the four recognised pestivirus species. the gen ... | 2007 | 17126573 |
| serological evidence for borna disease virus infection in humans, wild rodents and other vertebrates in finland. | borna disease virus (bdv) can infect many vertebrate species, including humans. bdv infection may lead to meningoencephalomyelitis in animals. an association with human neuropsychiatric diseases has been reported, but the causal relationship between bdv and human disease remains unclear. | 2007 | 17129759 |
| persistent borna disease virus infection changes expression and function of astroglial gap junctions in vivo and in vitro. | neonatal borna disease virus (bdv) infection of the lewis rat brain leads to dentate gyrus (dg) degeneration, underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. since astroglial gap junction (gj) coupling is known to influence neurodegenerative processes, the question arose whether persistent bdv infection influences astroglial connexins (cx) cx43 and cx30 in the hippocampal formation (hif) of lewis rats. rt-pcr and western blot analysis of forebrain (fb) samples revealed a virus dependent reductio ... | 2007 | 18028885 |
| reverse transcription real-time pcr assays for detection and quantification of borna disease virus in diseased hosts. | borna disease is a severe, immunopathological disorder of the central nervous system caused by the infection with the borna disease virus (bdv). the detection of bdv in diseased animals, mainly sheep and horses, is achieved by histological, immunohistochemical and serological approaches and/or pcr-based technologies. in the present study, reverse transcription, real-time pcr assays were established for the detection of bdv in the brain tissue from sheep and horses, using loci for the p40 (nucleo ... | 2007 | 17014984 |
| viruses as an etiology of obesity. | obesity is a serious chronic disease that has numerous etiologies. the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically since about 1980 in the united states and worldwide in both developed and developing countries. this rapid spread is compatible with an infectious origin. this review discusses the 5 animal viruses and 3 human viruses that have been shown to cause obesity and examines the evidence to date for virus-induced obesity. the obesogenic animal viruses include canine distemper virus, r ... | 2007 | 17908526 |
| enhanced polymerase activity confers replication competence of borna disease virus in mice. | we previously showed that mouse adaptation of cdna-derived borna disease virus (bdv) strain he/80(fr) was associated exclusively with mutations in the viral polymerase complex. interestingly, independent mouse adaptation of non-recombinant he/80 was correlated with different alterations in the polymerase and mutations in the viral glycoprotein. we used reverse genetics to demonstrate that changes in the polymerase which improve enzymatic activity represent the decisive host range mutations. the ... | 2007 | 17947539 |
| studies on the aetiology of non-suppurative encephalitis in pigs. | thirty-eight natural cases of aetiologically unclear non-suppurative encephalitis in pigs were studied retrospectively. brain samples were examined for the presence of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2), porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine enteroviruses (pevs), ovine herpesvirus type 2 (ovhv-2), borna disease virus (bdv) and suid herpesvirus type 1 (suhv-1) by molecular biological and immunohistochemical methods. histological examination of the brains revealed var ... | 2007 | 17951563 |
| infection of the enteric nervous system by borna disease virus (bdv) upregulates expression of calbindin d-28k. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a neurotropic agent infecting distinct neuronal subpopulations in the central nervous system of various mammalian species possibly including humans. horses, a major natural host for bdv, show gastrointestinal dysfunctions besides characteristic neurological symptoms. therefore, we hypothesized that enteric neurons may be targets of bdv replication. the presence of bdv-specific antigen in subpopulations of the ens was investigated. four-week-old lewis rats were infect ... | 2008 | 17961937 |
| novel borna virus in psittacine birds with proventricular dilatation disease. | pyrosequencing of cdna from brains of parrots with proventricular dilatation disease (pdd), an unexplained fatal inflammatory central, autonomic, and peripheral nervous system disease, showed 2 strains of a novel borna virus. real-time pcr confirmed virus presence in brain, proventriculus, and adrenal gland of 3 birds with pdd but not in 4 unaffected birds. | 2008 | 19046511 |
| assessment of codivergence of mastreviruses with their plant hosts. | viruses that have spent most of their evolutionary time associated with a single host lineage should have sequences that reflect codivergence of virus and host. several examples for rna viruses of host-virus tree congruence are being challenged. dna viruses, such as mastreviruses, are more likely than rna viruses to have maintained a record of host lineage association. | 2008 | 19094195 |
| borna disease virus rna detected in japanese macaques (macaca fuscata). | we have examined the seroprevalence of bdv in wild japanese macaques (macaca fuscata) in the peninsula (chiba prefecture), japan. serum samples from macaques were examined by the elisa, western blot and immunofluorescence assays to detect the presence of serum antibodies that react specifically to bdv antigens. among 49 investigated individuals, 6 (12.2%) showed positive reaction to bdv antigens. rt-pcr studies detected bdv sequences in brain tissue of one case among four seropositive cases exam ... | 2008 | 17929110 |
| structural aspects of rabies virus replication. | rabies virus is a negative-strand rna virus. its rna genome is condensed by the viral nucleoprotein (n), and it is this n-rna complex that is the template for transcription and replication by the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase complex. here we discuss structural and functional aspects of viral transcription and replication based on the atomic structure of a recombinant rabies virus n-rna complex. we situate available biochemical data on n-rna interactions with viral and cellular factors in t ... | 2008 | 17938861 |
| layer specific changes of astroglial gap junctions in the rat cerebellar cortex by persistent borna disease virus infection. | neonatal borna disease virus (bdv) infection of the lewis rat brain, leads to purkinje cell degeneration, in association with astroglial activation. since astroglial gap junctions (gj) are known to influence neuronal degeneration, we investigated bdv dependent changes in astroglial gj connexins (cx) cx43, and cx30 in the lewis rat cerebellum, 4, and 8 weeks after neonatal infection. on the mrna level, rt-pcr demonstrated a bdv dependent increase in cerebellar cx43, and a decrease in cx30, 8, but ... | 2008 | 18538309 |
| cannabinoid rescue of striatal progenitor cells in chronic borna disease viral encephalitis in rats. | a growing number of environmental and pharmacologic manipulations have been shown to influence adult neurogenesis. borna disease virus (bdv) in rats causes cortical and subcortical infection with extrapyramidal motor symptoms, and hippocampal infection suppresses neurogenesis. given the known effects of cannabinoids in promoting neural progenitor cell survival, the authors examined in vivo effects of chronic bdv infection in rats on brdu-positive progenitor cells in striatum, together with neuro ... | 2008 | 18569459 |
| rna from borna disease virus in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective patients, and in their biological relatives. | numerous interactions of the immune system with the central nervous system have been described recently. mood and psychotic disorders, such as severe depression and schizophrenia, are both heterogeneous disorders regarding clinical symptomatology, the acuity of symptoms, the clinical course, the treatment response, and probably also the etiology. detection of p24 rna from borna disease virus (bdv) by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffect ... | 2008 | 18623121 |
| polymerase read-through at the first transcription termination site contributes to regulation of borna disease virus gene expression. | an unusually long noncoding sequence is located between the n gene of borna disease virus (bdv) and the genes for regulatory factor x and polymerase cofactor p. most of these nucleotides are transcribed and seem to control translation of the bicistronic x/p mrna. we report here that vero cells persistently infected with mutant viruses containing minor alterations in this control region showed almost normal levels of n, x, and p proteins but exhibited greatly reduced levels of mrnas coding for th ... | 2008 | 18653450 |
| [progress on the study of borna disease virus infection]. | 2008 | 18686866 | |
| amantadine reduces mania in borna disease virus-infected non-psychotic bipolar patients. | 2008 | 18763224 | |
| the international berlin symposium on bornavirus infections--from animals to man--50 years of development. introduction. | 2008 | 18771091 | |
| the biology of bornavirus. | 2008 | 18771093 | |
| human bornavirus infection-- towards a valid diagnostic system. | 2008 | 18771094 | |
| infections in horses: diagnosis and therapy. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a unique rna virus, whose organs of manifestation are the brain and blood of animals as well as humans. the infection disrupts certain cell functions, but does not damage the cell structure. the infection with bdv can exist without associated clinical symptoms. furthermore the majority of natural bdv-infections occur unnoticed without causing symptoms particularly those in connection with only a slight bdv-infection. bdv-infected horses can be detected by an extremel ... | 2008 | 18771095 |
| experiences of borna disease virus infection in sweden. | in the early 1970s a fatal neurological disorder in cats was reported in the areas around lake mälaren in central sweden. the major signs were hind-leg ataxia, as well as absence or marked decrease in postural reactions and in some cases behavioural changes. the pathology of the disorder was characterized as a non-suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis, but the etiology was not determined. almost twenty years later, the disorder now known as staggering disease (sd), was further characterized both ... | 2008 | 18771097 |
| borna disease virus: evidence of naturally-occurring infection in cats in australia. | in europe, borna disease virus (bdv) infection has been linked with staggering disease. the aim of this study was serological investigation for bdv infection in australian cats. de-identified sera were obtained from domestic cats presented at various veterinary clinics. bdv antigen levels were measured by a monoclonal antibody-based elisa. antibody to bdv measured semiquantitatively by elisa was detected in 0.8% of cats from south australia and 3.2% of animals from nsw confirmatory assays for el ... | 2008 | 18771098 |
| natural and experimental borna disease virus infections--neuropathology and pathogenetic considerations. | 2008 | 18771099 | |
| ocular involvement in bdv-infected rabbits and primates. | a multifocal appearance and a preferential location in the posterior pole of the fundus in the human eye illustrate the clinical manifestation of some retinal pigment epitheliopathies. the etiology of these entities such as "acute pigment epithelitis" and "multifocal placoid pigment-epitheliopathy" as well as "vogt-koyanagi-syndrome" is unknown, however, immune processes or virus infection has been claimed to be of pathogenetic importance. in vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome encephalitic lesions ar ... | 2008 | 18771100 |
| human borna disease virus-infection and its therapy in affective disorders. | patients with affective disorders show an enhanced prevalence of borna disease virus (bdv)-infection. furthermore, bdv causes latent infection preferably in limbic central nervous structures and is suggested to be causally related to subtypes of affective disorders, especially with melancholic clinical features or bipolarity. such a possible link was highlighted by the first report of amantadine showing an antidepressive and an antiviral efficacy against bdv in a patient with a bipolar disorder. ... | 2008 | 18771101 |
| the history and treatment of a bipolar patient diagnosed with borna disease virus infection. case report. | a description of bipolar disorder and its treatment costs. the prevalence of various psychiatric disorders in the united states in which borna disease virus (bdv) may play a role. my personal history of bipolar disorder including: diagnoses and treatment of borna disease virus infection. | 2008 | 18771102 |
| borna disease virus infection in italian children. a potential risk for the developing brain? | 2008 | 18771103 | |
| borna disease virus infection in the population of latium (italy). | 2008 | 18771104 | |
| serological evidence for borna disease virus infection in children, cats and horses in sicily (italy). | 2008 | 18771105 | |
| borna disease virus infection in children with psychiatric disorders. | 2008 | 18771106 | |
| borna disease virus infection in young children. | 2008 | 18771107 | |
| human borna disease virus infection in australia: serological markers of infection in multi-transfused patients. | borna disease virus (bdv) causes neurological disease in horses, however, there is no consensus as to the extent or significance of human infection. bdv antigen levels in plasma (bdvpag) and anti-bdv were measured by elisas. confirmation was by western blot (wb), immunofluorescence assay (ifa) or bdv-peptide-epitope elisa. for 42 volunteers psychiatrically-defined as non-depressed (82 samples) neither bdvpag nor anti-bdv was detected. for 104 patients with diagnosed depression (290 samples) 1 wa ... | 2008 | 18771108 |
| essentials in bornavirus virology--an epilogue. | 2008 | 18771109 | |
| ribavirin inhibits borna disease virus proliferation and fatal neurological diseases in neonatally infected gerbils. | by using neonatal gerbils, we assessed the effect of ribavirin on the proliferation of borna disease virus (bdv) in the brain. the intracranial inoculation of ribavirin reduced viral propagation in the acutely infected brain, resulting in protection from fatal neurological disorders. we found that the treatment with ribavirin markedly reduces the numbers of ox-42-positive microglial cells, but does not activate expression of th1 cytokines, in bdv-infected gerbil brains. our results suggested tha ... | 2008 | 18778737 |
| isotype analysis of human anti-borna disease virus antibodies in japanese psychiatric and general population. | borna disease virus (bdv) infection of humans has not been widely accepted due to the low titer of the antibody and lack of reliable diagnostic tools. | 2008 | 18786855 |
| borna disease virus p protein affects neural transmission through interactions with gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein. | borna disease virus (bdv) is one of the infectious agents that causes diseases of the central nervous system in a wide range of vertebrate species and, perhaps, in humans. the phosphoprotein (p) of bdv, an essential cofactor of virus rna-dependent rna polymerase, is required for virus replication. in this study, we identified the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein (gabarap) with functions in neurobiology as one of the viral p protein-interacting cellular factors by using an appr ... | 2008 | 18815298 |
| from animals to man--50 years of development. proceedings of the international berlin symposium on bornavirus infections. january 26-28, 2008. berlin, germany. | 2008 | 18828206 | |
| proteomic analysis reveals selective impediment of neuronal remodeling upon borna disease virus infection. | the neurotropic virus borna disease virus (bdv) persists in the central nervous systems of a wide variety of vertebrates and causes behavioral disorders. bdv represents an intriguing example of a virus whose persistence in neurons leads to altered brain function in the absence of overt cytolysis and inflammation. the bases of bdv-induced behavioral impairment remain largely unknown. to better characterize the neuronal response to bdv infection, we compared the proteomes of primary cultures of co ... | 2008 | 18829749 |
| astrocytes play a key role in activation of microglia by persistent borna disease virus infection. | neonatal borna disease virus (bdv) infection of the rat brain is associated with microglial activation and damage to certain neuronal populations. since persistent bdv infection of neurons is nonlytic in vitro, activated microglia have been suggested to be responsible for neuronal cell death in vivo. however, the mechanisms of activation of microglia in neonatally bdv-infected rat brains remain unclear. our previous studies have shown that activation of microglia by bdv in culture requires the p ... | 2008 | 19014432 |
| [epidemiological investigation on natural infection to borna disease virus (bdv) among horses in yili, xinjiang]. | to investigate the epidemiological pattern of borna disease virus (bdv) infection in horses and to analyze the phylogenetic tree of derived bdv in yili, xinjiang. | 2008 | 19173935 |
| [study on molecular epidemiology of borna disease virus in zunyi regions of guizhou province]. | in order to study the epidemiology of borna disease virus (bdv) in zunyi region and its surrounding regions in guizhou province. | 2008 | 19173966 |
| a rapid method for gene expression analysis of borna disease virus in neurons and astrocytes using laser microdissection and real-time rt-pcr. | laser microdissection combined with real-time rt-pcr represents a powerful method to analyse the transcription efficiency of defined cell types. therefore, a rna-preserving immunolabelling method was established to identify neurons and astrocytes in persistently bdv-infected rat brain sections for subsequent laser microdissection and quantitation of viral gene products by real-time rt-pcr. firstly, to ensure an accurate measurement of viral rna after immunolabelling, different reference genes (g ... | 2008 | 18054393 |
| hippocampal poly(adp-ribose) polymerase 1 and caspase 3 activation in neonatal bornavirus infection. | infection of neonatal rats with borna disease virus results in a characteristic behavioral syndrome and apoptosis of subsets of neurons in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex (neonatal borna disease [nbd]). in the nbd rat hippocampus, dentate gyrus granule cells progressively degenerate. apoptotic loss of granule cells in nbd is associated with accumulation of zinc in degenerating neurons and reduced zinc in granule cell mossy fibers. excess zinc can trigger poly(adp-ribose) polymerase 1 (pa ... | 2008 | 18057239 |
| prpsc level and incubation time in a transgenic mouse model expressing borna disease virus phosphoprotein after intracerebral prion infection. | our previous studies have shown that the persistent expression of borna disease virus phosphoprotein (bdv p) in mice leads to behavioral abnormalities resembling those in bdv-infected animals. in this study, we investigated whether the neurobehavioral abnormalities genetically induced by bdv p influence experimental prion disease. the effect of the phosphoprotein on prion diseases was evaluated based on the incubation time and survival curve, as well as the abnormal isoform of prion protein (prp ... | 2008 | 18155836 |
| prevalence of border disease virus in spanish lambs. | the prevalence of border disease virus (bdv) viraemia in spanish lambs was determined from 2089 sera randomly collected at two slaughterhouses in 2001 and 2003, as well as in 126 sera obtained in 2004 from a fattening unit with an acute disease problem. bdv was detected with an indirect peroxidase monolayer assay (ipma), and for the fattening unit sera also by an antigen elisa. a subset of sera was additionally tested for bdv antibodies. the bdv prevalence in the slaughterhouse sera was 0.24%, w ... | 2008 | 18162332 |
| antiviral cd8 t cells recognize borna disease virus antigen transgenically expressed in either neurons or astrocytes. | borna disease virus (bdv) can persistently infect the central nervous system (cns) of mice. the infection remains nonsymptomatic as long as antiviral cd8 t cells do not infiltrate the infected brain. bdv mainly infects neurons which reportedly carry few, if any, major histocompatibility complex class i molecules on the surface. therefore, it remains unclear whether t cells can recognize replicating virus in these cells or whether cross-presentation of viral antigen by other cell types is importa ... | 2008 | 18184705 |
| implications for a regulated replication of borna disease virus in brains of experimentally infected lewis rats. | the neurotropic borna disease virus (bdv) causes typically a persistent virus infection of the central nervous system. in order to investigate whether an adapted virus replication contributes to bdv persistence in vivo, a fast and reliable real-time rt-pcr assay was constructed to quantify the amounts of leader-containing (lebdv) as a marker for virus replication, genomic (vbdv) and nucleoprotein-(bdv-n +ssrna)-specific rna. therefore, lebdv, vbdv and bdv-n +ssrna values were determined in exper ... | 2008 | 18273698 |
| restricted expression of borna disease virus glycoprotein in brains of experimentally infected lewis rats. | borna disease virus (bdv) induces a persistent infection in the central nervous system (cns) accompanied by a non-purulent meningoencephalitis. bdv-infection of lewis rats provides an important model to investigate basic principles of neurotropism, viral persistence and resulting dysfunctions. to date, the in vivo strategies of bdv to persist in the cns are not fully understood. viral glycoproteins are main targets of the antiviral defence implicating a controlled expression in case of persisten ... | 2008 | 18282160 |
| genetic characterization of ovine pestiviruses isolated in france, between 1985 and 2006. | in order to investigate the genetic heterogeneity of ovine pestivirus isolates in france, 32-clinical samples collected between 1985 and 2006, previously detected positive by indirect immuno-fluorescence for the presence of border disease virus (bdv), were tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). parts of the 5'-non-coding region (5'-ncr) and the npro-coding region were successfully amplified from 23 samples. an internal control was designed and used to assess the vali ... | 2008 | 18299176 |
| processing of genome 5' termini as a strategy of negative-strand rna viruses to avoid rig-i-dependent interferon induction. | innate immunity is critically dependent on the rapid production of interferon in response to intruding viruses. the intracellular pathogen recognition receptors rig-i and mda5 are essential for interferon induction by viral rnas containing 5' triphosphates or double-stranded structures, respectively. viruses with a negative-stranded rna genome are an important group of pathogens causing emerging and re-emerging diseases. we investigated the ability of genomic rnas from substantial representative ... | 2008 | 18446221 |
| viral accessory protein x stimulates the assembly of functional borna disease virus polymerase complexes. | the borna disease virus (bdv) proteins x and p are translated from a bicistronic viral mrna. here, it was shown that the rescue of recombinant bdv from cdna was enhanced approximately eightfold if reconstitution of the viral polymerase complex was performed with an expression vector encoding x and p rather than p alone. the results provide evidence that appropriate amounts of x reduce the previously reported high sensitivity of the bdv polymerase to imbalances between the viral proteins n and p. ... | 2008 | 18474560 |
| persistent borna disease virus (bdv) infection activates microglia prior to a detectable loss of granule cells in the hippocampus. | neonatal borna disease virus (bdv) infection in rats leads to a neuronal loss in the cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. since bdv is a non-lytic infection in vitro, it has been suggested that activated microglia could contribute to neuronal damage. it is also conceivable that bdv-induced cell death triggers activation of microglia to remove cell debris. although an overall temporal association between neuronal loss and microgliosis has been demonstrated in bdv-infected rats, it remains unclear ... | 2008 | 18489759 |
| epidemiological study of border disease virus infection in southern chamois (rupicapra pyrenaica) after an outbreak of disease in the pyrenees (ne spain). | in 2001 and 2002, an outbreak of a previously unreported disease, associated with a border disease virus (bdv), caused high mortality in the southern chamois (rupicapra pyrenaica) population in the alt pallars-aran national hunting reserve in the catalan pyrenees (ne spain). between 2002 and 2006, sera and/or tissue samples taken from 116 healthy chamois shot during the hunting season, plus 42 from chamois affected by different diseases, were studied. a blocking enzyme-immunosorbent assay (elisa ... | 2008 | 17881162 |
| development of a magnetic bead microarray for simultaneous and simple detection of four pestiviruses. | this study reports a novel method for the rapid detection and identification of the four recognized species in the pestivirus genus of the flaviviridae family, i.e. classical swine fever virus (csfv), border disease virus (bdv), bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (bvdv1) and type 2 (bvdv2). the analysis of pestivirus pcr products was performed on microarrays by means of magnetic bead detection. the process utilizes an oligonucleotide array, onto which 5' biotinylated pcr products were hybridize ... | 2009 | 18514335 |
| protein x of borna disease virus inhibits apoptosis and promotes viral persistence in the central nervous systems of newborn-infected rats. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a neurotropic member of the order mononegavirales with noncytolytic replication and obligatory persistence in cultured cells and animals. here we show that the accessory protein x of bdv represents the first mitochondrion-localized protein of an rna virus that inhibits rather than promotes apoptosis induction. rat c6 astroglioma cells persistently infected with wild-type bdv were significantly more resistant to death receptor-dependent and -independent apoptotic stim ... | 2009 | 19211764 |
| crystal structure of the borna disease virus matrix protein (bdv-m) reveals ssrna binding properties. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a neurotropic enveloped rna virus that causes a noncytolytic, persistent infection of the central nervous system in mammals. bdv belongs to the order mononegavirales, which also includes the negative-strand rna viruses (nsvs) ebola, marburg, vesicular stomatitis, rabies, mumps, and measles. bdv-m, the matrix protein (m-protein) of bdv, is the smallest m-protein (16.2 kda) among the nsvs. m-proteins play a critical role in virus assembly and budding, mediating the int ... | 2009 | 19237566 |
| binding properties of gp1 protein of borna disease virus. | the surface glycoprotein (g) of borna disease virus (bdv) plays central roles in the process of viral entry. bdv g is cleaved by cellular furin-like proteases into two components, gp1 and gp2. although gp1 is involved in the virus entry into cells, the binding activity of gp1 to cells is unknown. therefore, we expressed the wild-type gp1 and a variety of gp1 deletion mutants that were flag-tagged at the c-terminus in human embryonic kidney 293t cells. these proteins were then purified using an a ... | 2009 | 19262042 |
| seroprevalence and characterization of pestivirus infections in small ruminants and new world camelids in switzerland. | the seroprevalence of pestivirus infections in small ruminants and new world camelids in switzerland was determined. in 5'059 sera of sheep from 382 herds, 503 sera of goats from 54 herds and 109 sera of alpacas and lamas from 53 herds, population prevalences of 16.1% (sheep), 25.4% (goats) and 4.6% (new world camelids), respectively, were found. in order to determine the source of infection, the serological reactions were further characterized by cross-neutralization against two pestiviruses re ... | 2009 | 19263380 |
| borna disease virus: a unique pathogen and its interaction with intracellular signalling pathways. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a neurotropic rna virus that establishes non-cytolytic persistent infection in the central nervous system of warm-blooded animals. depending on the host species and the route of infection, bdv persistence can modulate neuronal plasticity and animal behaviour and/or may provoke a t cell-mediated immunopathological reaction with high mortality. therefore, bdv functions as a model pathogen to study persistent virus infection in the central nervous system. here, we revie ... | 2009 | 19290912 |
| broad tissue and cell tropism of avian bornavirus in parrots with proventricular dilatation disease. | avian bornaviruses (abv), representing a new genus within the family bornaviridae, were recently discovered in parrots from north america and israel with proventricular dilatation disease (pdd). we show here that closely related viruses are also present in captive european parrots of various species with pdd. the six abv strains that we identified in clinically diseased birds are new members of the previously defined abv genotypes 2 and 4. viruses of both genotypes readily established persistent ... | 2009 | 19297496 |
| changes in borna disease virus genome with adaptation to host. | the crnp5 variant of borna disease virus (bdv) has stronger pathogenesis than the crp3 variant in which only 4 nucleotides in the whole genome are different. the crp3 is produced by 3 passages in rat brains of bdv, whereas the crnp5 is produced by 5 passages in mouse brains after 2 passages in rat brains of the bdv. thymidylic acids at nt 3608 and 3673 were replaced by cytidylic acids during 3 passages in mice. three passages in mice caused replacement of adenylic acid at nt 7936 by guanylic aci ... | 2009 | 19358894 |
| interferon-gamma prevents death of bystander neurons during cd8 t cell responses in the brain. | t cells restricted to neurotropic viruses are potentially harmful as their activity may result in the destruction of neurons. in the borna disease virus (bdv) model, antiviral cd8 t cells entering the brain of infected mice cause neurological disease but no substantial loss of neurons unless the animals lack interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma). we show here that glutamate receptor antagonists failed to prevent bdv-induced neuronal loss in ifn-gamma-deficient mice, suggesting that excitotoxicity resulti ... | 2009 | 19359516 |
| detection and analysis of borna disease virus in chinese patients with neurological disorders. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a neurotropic rna virus that is known to cause neurological disturbances in various animal species, potentially even humans. however, the association between bdv infection and human neurological disorders remains unclear. | 2009 | 19364367 |
| gene expression of the tgf-beta family in rat brain infected with borna disease virus. | crnp5, a variant of borna disease virus (bdv), has stronger pathogenesis in rats than the related variant crp3, although only 4 amino acids in the whole genome are different. as a first step to clarify the differential pathogenesis between the variants, the present study focused on examining the expression of the transforming growth factor (tgf)-beta family in the brain of rats infected with bdv. the main results were as follows. (1) bdv infection, irrespective of the variant, up-regulates tgf-b ... | 2009 | 19376261 |
| [expressing borna disease virus phosphoprotein in pc-12 cell and its influence on the cell proliferation]. | to establish stable expressing system of borna disease virus (bdv) phosphoprotein in pc-12 cells, and then study its influence on cell proliferation of pc-12 cells. | 2009 | 19388275 |
| heat shock cognate protein 70 controls borna disease virus replication via interaction with the viral non-structural protein x. | borna disease virus (bdv) is a non-segmented, negative-sense rna virus and has the property of persistently infecting the cell nucleus. bdv encodes a 10-kda non-structural protein, x, which is a negative regulator of viral polymerase activity but is essential for virus propagation. recently, we have demonstrated that interaction of x with the viral polymerase cofactor, phosphoprotein (p), facilitates translocation of p from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. however, the mechanism by which the intrac ... | 2009 | 19397879 |