Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the leeuwenhoek lecture, 1985. a molecular biologist's view of viral hepatitis. | three forms of viral hepatitis can be distinguished serologically. hepatitis a virus is a picornavirus, which is being studied increasingly after its propagation in cell cultures. the b virus (hbv) is the prototype of a family now termed hepadna viruses and is by far the best understood. the third, by exclusion, is non-a non-b, about which little else is known. molecular cloning methods enable copies of viral genes to be propagated and analysed quite readily and provide the means for isolation a ... | 1987 | 2884666 |
| sensitive assays for viral antibodies in saliva: an alternative to tests on serum. | paired serum and saliva specimens were tested by conventional assays and by igg-capture radioimmunoassays (gacria) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (gacelisa) for antibody to hepatitis a virus (hav, 100 pairs), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv, 53), hepatitis b virus core (hbc, 62), and rubella virus (30). conventional assays failed to detect viral antibodies in the saliva of 93 of 119 seropositive subjects. however, gacria detected the antibodies in both serum and saliva of all subjects ... | 1987 | 2885575 |
| isolation of hepatitis a virus from polluted river water on frp/3 cells. | 1987 | 2890922 | |
| [etiological structure of viral hepatitis in the area about one of the cities in gorki province]. | the etiological structure of viral hepatitides (vh) in one of the towns of the gorky region was studied with the use of specific methods for diagnosing hepatitis a (detection of igm to hepatitis a virus) and hepatitis b (detection of hbsag in the passive hemagglutination test). the study revealed that hepatitis a was the major nosological from in the structure of vh among children and adults in the area under survey, which was documented by the detection of igm to hepatitis a virus. the form, se ... | 1987 | 2953151 |
| seroepidemiological research on hepatitis a (ha) in the city of siena. | the circulation of hepatitis a virus in the city of siena and the tight neighbouring area appears to be fairly rare. in fact, the number of cases suffering from hepatitis a, admitted into the clinic of infectious diseases of the university of siena, has been 33 out of 4,905 patients (yrs 1975-1985). of these, only 6 were patients resident in siena. seroepidemiological research, carried out with the elisa method on 275 people of an age between 1 and 20 years, has confirmed a specifically low immu ... | 1987 | 2839209 |
| viral hepatitis and gastroenteritis transmitted by shellfish and water. | the epidemiology and clinical presentation of water-borne viral diseases, including shellfish-associated viral illnesses, are discussed in this article. hepatitis a virus, non a-non b hepatitis and the agents of viral gastroenteritis, norwalk agent, snow mountain agent, rotavirus, the small round viruses, caliciviruses, and astroviruses are included. the technical problems associated with evaluating the viral contamination of water or shellfish are noted. | 1987 | 2848882 |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis a virus in japan. | a seroepidemiologic study to detect class-specific antibody against hepatitis a virus (hav) was made with 831 randomly collected sera (415 in 1973 and 416 in 1984) from healthy japanese. competitive-inhibition, igg, iga, and igm anti-hav enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) were used. both collections showed a low prevalence of igg anti-hav in young age groups and it increased rapidly at middle age and plateued at greater than or equal to 94% prevalence in the older age groups. however, tw ... | 1987 | 2832647 |
| [detection of the hepatitis a virus in fish at a fish farm]. | in this study, we have researched enteroviruses in digestive tract and gills of 106 fishes from farming station, belonging to the five most eaten species in ivory coast (chrisychthys walkeri, chrisychthys nigrodigitatus, tilapia nilotica, tilapia guineensis, sarotherodon melanotheron). hepatitis a virus was found in 12 fishes (11.3%), five times in gills, three times in digestive tract and four times in both. the two species apparently the more contaminated, were chrisychthys nigrodigitatus, sar ... | 1987 | 2836101 |
| [spontaneous hepatitis similar to hepatitis a in african green monkeys]. | circulation of a virus similar to human hepatitis a virus by antigenic and some other properties was observed among african green monkeys imported from their natural habitats. in some of the monkeys this virus caused a disease similar to hepatitis a in many features. | 1987 | 2833034 |
| [the possibility of repeat infection with the hepatitis a virus]. | 1987 | 2833036 | |
| acute hepatitis a in singapore: importance of shellfish ingestion in a non-epidemic period. | a case-control study based on 28 serologically confirmed cases of hepatitis a and 42 home contacts with no recent or past evidence of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection was conducted to determine the importance of shellfish exposure in the transmission of hav during a non-epidemic period in singapore. it was found that consumption of partially-cooked cockles (anadara granosa) was significantly associated with the illness (p less than 0.001). no other types of locally available shellfish including ... | 1987 | 2833148 |
| [an experimental observation on rhesus monkeys continuously inoculated with human hepatitis a virus (hav)]. | 1987 | 2835166 | |
| clinical and research application of an enterovirus group-reactive monoclonal antibody. | diagnostic methods employed in enterovirus laboratories are generally laborious, slow and expensive. this is largely because type-specific neutralization tests still play the major role in identification and diagnostic serology. in the companion paper we describe the derivation of monoclonal antibodies against epitopes of the vpi peptide which are shared by all of the enteroviruses tested to date, with the exception of hepatitis a virus. this study describes the application of one of these monoc ... | 1987 | 2835329 |
| production of cytopathology in frhk-4 cells by bs-c-1-passaged hepatitis a virus. | cytopathic effects were produced in fetal rhesus monkey kidney (frhk-4) cells 7 days postinfection by a serially bs-c-1-passaged strain of hepatitis a virus. typical enterovirus cytopathology was produced by the hm-175 strain after 15 passages at 7-day intervals in bs-c-1 cells. no cytopathic effects were obtained after neutralization of virus with human anti-hepatitis a virus immunoglobulin g. normal human serum had no effect on development of cytopathology. maximum antigen and cdna probe-based ... | 1987 | 2829721 |
| aplastic anemia associated with type a viral hepatitis--possible role of t-lymphocytes. | posthepatitic aplastic anemia (phaa) is rather uncommon. most reported cases have developed after non-a, non-b or b type hepatitis. the only case of phaa occurring after hepatitis a reported so far, was described by smith et al., who diagnosed it by the long-term elevation of igg-class antibody in response to hepatitis a virus. recently, the detection of igm-class antibody specific against hepatitis a virus (igm anti-hav) has been commonly employed for precise diagnosis of hepatitis a. the case ... | 1987 | 2826859 |
| review of the herpesviruses and hepatitis a: the potential hazards in dental care. | there is now an increased awareness of the risk of transmission of viral infections via blood and saliva after the publicity given to the human immunodeficiency viruses responsible for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the herpesviruses have been found in blood, in blood products, and in saliva, and information with respect to these routes of transmission is convincing. although hepatitis a virus is spread predominantly by water contaminated with feces (fecal-oral route), the virus is also ... | 1987 | 2827085 |
| [presence of antibodies for hepatitis a virus in didelphis marsupialis (vertebrata. marsupialia) of the amazon region]. | 1987 | 2827292 | |
| continuous production of hepatitis a virus in plc/prf/5 cell cultures: use of antigen for serology. | the strain cf53 of hepatitis a virus (hav) previously adapted to growth in plc/prf/5 cells was grown in 175 cm2 flasks, at different passages. after infection, cells were incubated at 32 degrees c in rpmi 1640 medium supplemented with 2.5% foetal calf serum (fcs) for 6-12 months. hav which was released continuously in the culture medium was harvested weekly. hepatitis a virus antigen (haag) and infectious virus production was stable during each passage. the antigen titre, determined by radioimmu ... | 1987 | 2828401 |
| [detection of genomic rna of the hepatitis a virus in clinical samples using the blot hybridization method]. | the synthetic oligonucleotide sequence 3'ctcctcgtacttta-5' complementing hepatitis a virus rna was compared with cdna probes in identification of viral genomic rna. the clinical materials from patients in the 1-2 weeks of jaundice were screened. high specificity of the technique was demonstrated. possibility of clinical using of the blot hybridization technique is discussed. | 1987 | 2828940 |
| [signs of natural infection with hepatitis a in brown macaques (macaca arctoides)]. | the results of examinations of stump-tailed monkeys (m. arctoides) held in captivity are presented. the presence and levels of anti-hav and anti-hav class m in the blood sera of monkeys were determined by the enzyme-immunoassay (eia), and alanine aminotransferase (aiat) activity was measured. hav in stool specimens collected from the monkeys was detected by immune electron microscopy and eia. in the first examination, 2 out of 10 monkeys were found to have anti-hav and one of them to have anti-h ... | 1987 | 2829437 |
| nucleic acid sequence of the vp1 region of attenuated ms-1 hepatitis a virus. | the nucleotide sequence of the vp1 region of marmoset-attenuated hepatitis a virus (hav), ms-1, was determined by incorporative dideoxynucleotide sequencing of the rna obtained from purified, liver-derived virus. comparison of this nucleotide sequence to those of four previously published isolates revealed that one of the isolates, hm-175, which was obtained from australia and passed three times in marmosets, had a 8.5-11% nucleotide variability compared to the remaining four isolates which were ... | 1987 | 2829458 |
| properties of a hepatitis a virus candidate vaccine strain. | this paper describes the biophysical and biochemical properties as well as electron microscopical studies of a candidate hepatitis a vaccine strain propagated in human fibroblast cells. our results indicated that, in cscl, the density of hepatitis a virus (hav) from cell culture supernatant and of hav extracted from infected cells was influenced by the quantity of lipid material associated with hav. antigenicity of untreated hav, therefore, was detected primarily in low density cscl fractions (1 ... | 1987 | 2821186 |
| the effect of lipophilic amines on the growth of hepatitis a virus in frp/3 cells. | the effect of lipophilic amines on hepatitis a virus infection in a monkey cell line (frp/3 cells) was studied. ammonium chloride, amantadine, methylamine and dansylcadaverine inhibited viral antigen synthesis when added to the cells at least one hour after the attachment step. results obtained suggest that the hav entry pathway in frp/3 cells follows an endocytic route and that viral uncoating takes probably place in endosomes and/or lysosomes. | 1987 | 2821967 |
| viral diseases involving the liver. | even though hav, hbv and hnanb viruses are responsible for most of the viral hepatitis cases, many other viruses have been reported to cause hepatic injury. these viruses may involve the liver, either as part of a systemic illness (e.g. ebv, cmv, hsv) or as the primary target organ (e.g. yellow fever virus, lassa fever virus, ebola virus). clinically overt hepatocellular dysfunction is rare in such viral infections. biochemical disturbance of hepatic functions shown, for example, by rises in ast ... | 1987 | 2822180 |
| biochemically silent posttransfusion non-a, non-b hepatitis interferes with superinfection by hepatitis a virus. | superinfection of a silently non-a, non-b (nanb)-infected chimpanzee with hepatitis a virus (hav) resulted in minimal liver enzyme elevations, lack of detectable hav in stool, and questionable presence of hav antigen in liver biopsy specimens obtained during the expected period of virus replication. our findings indicate that even biochemically silent nanb hepatitis can strongly interfere with infection by at least one other hepatotrophic virus. | 1987 | 2822600 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus by extraction of viral rna and molecular hybridization. | hepatitis a virus (hav) rna was extracted from cell culture, serum, liver, and feces and then detected by molecular hybridization with cloned hav cdna. hybridization was approximately 10-fold more sensitive than immune electron microscopy or radioimmunoassay was and less sensitive than was assays of hav infectivity in primates or in cell culture. as little as 10(3) 50% infective doses of hav, or approximately 0.1 pg of viral rna, was detected by this method. analysis of fecal specimens from an e ... | 1987 | 2822759 |
| expression of hepatitis a virus cdna in escherichia coli: antigenic vp1 recombinant protein. | the genome of hepatitis a virus (hav) was reverse transcribed into cdna and molecularly cloned. cdna clones coding for the capsid protein vp1 that carries the major hav antigen were cloned into the expression vector pur290 and expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant fusion protein reacted in an immunoblot with rabbit anti-hav serum, suggesting that it possesses hav antigenicity. | 1987 | 2822970 |
| the entire nucleotide sequence of the genome of human hepatitis a virus (isolate mbb). | hepatitis a virus (hav) is an important human pathogen causing hepatitis, with high incidence in developed as well as in developing countries. no vaccines are available. in order to determine the primary structure of the hav genome, we have prepared cdnas from viral rna and cloned these into plasmid pbr322. these clones were used to determine the entire nucleotide sequence of the hav rna by rapid sequencing methods. we have compared this sequence of 7470 bases to known partial sequences, and one ... | 1987 | 2823500 |
| [hepatitis a in macaca fascicularis and m. arctoides infected by the java monkey-55 strain of hepatitis a virus]. | the results are presented dealing with experimental inoculation of m. fascicularis and m. arctoides with a strain of hepatitis a virus (hav), yam-55, isolated from a m. fascicularis with spontaneous hepatitis a, and parallel experiments on inoculation of these monkey species with hav preparations (strain has-15) obtained as a result of the strain propagation in frhk-4 cell culture and with specimens from human hepatitis a patients containing hav particles. the yam-55 strain of hav was found to b ... | 1987 | 2825433 |
| [development of a soviet diagnostic kit for determining class m immunoglobulins to the hepatitis a virus by immunoenzyme analysis (a test system for anti-hav igm)]. | a new test system diagn-a-hep for the laboratory diagnosis of hepatitis a (ha) by means of the enzyme immunoassay has been developed at the institute of poliomyelitis and viral encephalitides (moscow). the sensitivity and specificity of the newly developed test system have proved to be similar to those of the well-known commercial diagnostic system havab manufactured by abbott laboratories (usa). diagn-a-hep permits the diagnosis of ha with 96-100% effectiveness both in patients with the acute f ... | 1987 | 2825452 |
| shifts in the rates and levels of antibody to hepatitis a virus associated with hepatitis a infection in children's communities. | in order to investigate the shift in the rates and levels of antibody to hepatitis a virus, 567 children in 20 isolated groups of five day-care centers were observed over a period of 8 months during which the seasonal rise in hepatitis a morbidity occurs. increases in the proportion of seropositive ranging from 5 to 37% were demonstrated in 6 groups, and were always associated with the occurrence of either overt or sub-clinical hepatitis a infection. high rates of seropositivity were also noted ... | 1987 | 2826220 |
| prediction of secondary structure, spatial organization and distribution of antigenic determinants for hepatitis a virus proteins. | on the basis of the secondary structure calculations from the known amino acid sequence we came to the conclusion that hepatitis a virus capsid proteins have the typical antiparallel beta-sheet bilayer structure. the predicted secondary structure of the hav proteins can be well aligned with those of the poliovirus (type 1 mahoney) and human rhinovirus (type 14). it enabled us to use the x-ray structure of the pv-1m and hrv-14 proteins as a template and then, firstly, to localize the positions of ... | 1987 | 2482756 |
| neutralization escape mutants define a dominant immunogenic neutralization site on hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus is an hepatotrophic human picornavirus which demonstrates little antigenic variability. to topologically map immunogenic sites on hepatitis a virus which elicit neutralizing antibodies, eight neutralizing monoclonal antibodies were evaluated in competition immunoassays employing radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies and hm-175 virus. whereas two antibodies (k3-4c8 and k3-2f2) bound to intimately overlapping epitopes, the epitope bound by a third antibody (b5-b3) was distinctly dif ... | 1987 | 2433464 |
| genomic heterogeneity among human and nonhuman strains of hepatitis a virus. | cloned cdna probes derived from the p1 and p2 regions of the genome of hm175 virus, a reference strain of human hepatitis a virus (hav), failed to hybridize under standard stringency criteria with rna from pa21 and pa33 viruses, two epizootiologically related hav strains recovered from naturally infected new world owl monkeys. hybridization of these probes to pa21 rna was only evident under reduced stringency conditions. however, cdna representing the 5' nontranslated region of the hm175 genome ... | 1987 | 2433467 |
| inhibition of in vitro hematopoiesis by hepatitis a virus. | inoculation of human bone marrow with hepatitis a virus (hav) resulted in a dose- and duration-of-incubation-dependent suppression of hematopoietic progenitor (cfu-gm, bfu-e, cfu-mix) growth in vitro. monocytic progenitors appeared to be least affected. while hav inactivation by heat or beta-propiolactone and neutralization by specific antibodies completely abrogated hematopoietic inhibition, depletion of adherent bone marrow cells, and enrichment of progenitors did not alter the pattern of supp ... | 1987 | 2443380 |
| [dna, rna and protein synthesis in hepatitis a virus-infected cells]. | synthesis of dna, rna, and protein macromolecules was observed in cells infected with a strain of ha virus which had undergone 11 passages in the same culture. at 24-hour intervals the infected and uninfected cells were pulse-labeled with 1 microci/cc 3h-thymidine, 3h-uridine, and 14c-valine. in 6-9 days after cell inoculation, inhibition of dna, rna, and protein synthesis was observed, being most marked in dna synthesis. the synthesis of these macromolecules increases on the 10-13th day which c ... | 1987 | 2445107 |
| [accumulation of the infectious virus and the viral antigen during the multiplication of the hepatitis a virus in an embryonic kidney cell culture of the rhesus macaque (frhk-4)]. | growth characteristics of the has-15 strain of human hepatitis a virus (hav) in rhesus monkey foetal kidney cell line (frhk-4) are described. the conditions optimal for the accumulation of infectious hav and viral antigen (haag) in the infected cells and tissue culture fluids were studied. the production of infectious hav occurred in the first stage while in the second stage predominantly haag was accumulating intracellularly. serological properties of the cultivated hav proved to be very simila ... | 1987 | 2445108 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus by hybridization with single-stranded rna probes. | an improved method of dot-blot hybridization to detect hepatitis a virus (hav) was developed with single-stranded rna (ssrna) probes. radioactive and nonradioactive ssrna probes were generated by in vitro transcription of hav templates inserted into the plasmid pgem-1. 32p-labeled ssrna probes were at least eightfold more sensitive than the 32p-labeled double-stranded cdna counterparts, whereas biotin-labeled ssrna probes showed a sensitivity comparable with that of the 32p-labeled double-strand ... | 1987 | 2447830 |
| [spontaneous hepatitis a with a fatal outcome in rhesus monkeys]. | this is the first report of virologically verified spontaneous hepatitis a in m. rhesus monkeys with severe involvement of the liver leading to the death of the animals. in 21 out of 23 dead monkeys morphological lesions in the liver have been characterized as acute hepatitis. in 6 (26%) animals no other pathological processes were found. in 15 animals hepatitis was combined with other diseases (dysentery, parasitic infestations, coronavirus infection). antigen of hepatitis a virus was detected ... | 1987 | 2451353 |
| [infection defense antigens against pathogenic viruses to human. infection defense antigens and genetic code--trend and progress of study on biomolecular analysis. m. infection defense antigens of hepatitis a virus and genetic code]. | 1987 | 2452261 | |
| [hepatitis-related viral markers in patients under long-term hemodialysis]. | antibody profiles for hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis a virus (hav), cytomegalovirus (cmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were determined on 55 serum samples collected from patients with chronic renal failure who were on long-term haemodialysis for periods ranging from 8 months to 5 years and 3 months. the exposure rates for hbv, hav, cmv, ebv and hiv were 94.5%, 100%, 94.5%, 94.5% and 0% respectively. among the 7 hbsag carriers, 1 and 3 were positive for e a ... | 1987 | 2452721 |
| biphasic form of hepatitis a virus infection: a frequent variant in argentina. | in a retrospective study, we review here the clinical presentation of patients with the biphasic form of hepatitis a, a variant of viral hepatitis characterised by an increase in alat levels after an initial recovery in clinical condition and laboratory tests. twenty-one patients were diagnosed as having a biphasic form; they represent about 10% of a selected population of hepatitis a cases. six patients were asymptomatic. eleven patients were jaundiced, nine of them showing a "cholestatic" patt ... | 1988 | 2452950 |
| [comparative study of a diagnostic agent for detecting the antigen of the hepatitis a virus: dried erythrocyte immunoglobulin]. | the results of the trials of dried erythrocyte immunoglobulin immunodiagnosticum for the detection of hepatitis a virus antigen, developed by a group of scientists at the tashkent research institute for vaccines and sera, are presented. the immunodiagnosticum is specific to hepatitis a virus antigen and suitable for the detection of this antigen in fecal and urine samples from patients with viral hepatitis a in the acute stage of the disease. | 1988 | 2455395 |
| identification of an immunodominant antigenic site involving the capsid protein vp3 of hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus, an hepatotropic picornavirus, is a common cause of acute hepatitis in man for which there is no available vaccine. competitive binding studies carried out in solid phase suggest that neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis a virus recognize a limited number of epitopes on the capsid surface, although the polypeptide locations of these epitopes are not well defined. neutralization-escape mutants, selected for resistance to monoclonal antibodies, demonstrate broad cross- ... | 1988 | 2460866 |
| studies of prototype live hepatitis a virus vaccines in primate models. | we have prepared two prototype live hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccines by serial passage of the hm-175 strain of hav in african green monkey kidney cells. passage 21 (p-21) hm-175 virus shows evidence of attenuation for chimpanzees but not for marmosets; passage 32 (p-32) hm-175 virus shows evidence of attenuation for both species. animals that received p-32 hav had fewer elevations in levels of liver enzyme activity and evidence of less virus replication in the liver and excretion of virus in sto ... | 1988 | 2826614 |
| inapparent infection of hepatitis a virus. | to detect inapparent infection with hepatitis a virus, serial sera were collected from patients with hepatitis a and their contacts in two waterborne epidemics in china. epidemic 1 occurred in a rural village near hangzhou during august 1978-january 1979, and epidemic 2 took place in a rural primary school in pinghu county in zhejiang in april-may 1985. these sera were tested for antibodies against hepatitis a virus (anti-hav), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sgpt) activity, and icteric ind ... | 1988 | 2829622 |
| an electron microscopical investigation of faecal small round viruses. | a retrospective study of small round featureless viruses (srvs) initially identified by negative-staining electron microscopy of stool samples was performed. a variety of technique, including immunoelectron microscopy and caesium chloride gradient centrifugation, was applied in an attempt to classify further these viruses. over a four-year period, 64 srv-positive samples were reported (1.8% of the stool samples sent for electron microscopy and 6.2% of the total number of positive samples), of wh ... | 1988 | 2832539 |
| immunoreactivity of human and rabbit antisera to hepatitis a virus. | rabbit antibodies produced by immunization with complete hepatitis a virions (hav) recognized all the viral structural proteins and neutralized hav infectivity in cell culture. rabbit antibodies to chromatographically purified individual viral proteins and to synthetic peptides representing epitopes on the structural viral protein vp1 neither recognized whole virus nor neutralized infectivity, indicating that native epitopes on the virus surface are necessary for virus recognition and neutraliza ... | 1988 | 2832540 |
| enhancement of hepatitis a propagation in tissue culture with 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole. | the adenosine analog 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (drb) was found to increase the production of hepatitis a (hav) antigen in two monkey kidney cell lines (frhk-4 and vero cells). drb, a known inhibitor of the synthesis of messenger rna, caused moderate changes in cell morphology. however, frhk-4 cells could be maintained for several weeks at 80 microm of drb, the concentration that caused maximal enhancement on hav. drb should be present from about the time of virus inoculati ... | 1988 | 2835431 |
| [transplacental antibodies to hepatitis a virus]. | 1988 | 2835874 | |
| adaptation of hepatitis a virus to high titre growth in diploid and permanent cell cultures. | a hepatitis a virus isolate originally obtained from the feces of a clinically ill patient and passaged in diploid human embryonic kidney and lung cells was adapted to grow in mrc-5, cercopithecus aethiops muscle and in vero cells. three different adaptation methods were applied. either method proved to be suitable to finally give high virus titres of cell-bound as well as cell-free virus in the supernatant of infected cultures during 10 to 15 passages. an easily performable immunoperoxidase sta ... | 1988 | 2834626 |
| [trial of a soviet diagnostic kit for determining class m immunoglobulins to the hepatitis a virus by immunoenzyme analysis (an anti-hav igm test system)]. | the authors have studied the effectiveness of the first soviet test system for the diagnosis of hepatitis a by means of the enzyme immunoassay (diagn-a-hep), developed at the institute of poliomyelitis and viral encephalitides, moscow, under the conditions of different epidemic situations. in the process of this trial the high specificity and sensitivity of this test system, established earlier in the certification and commission trials, have been confirmed. diagn-a-hep has proved to be highly e ... | 1988 | 2834897 |
| antigenic and immunogenic properties of a hepatitis a virus capsid protein expressed in escherichia coli. | we have constructed a recombinant plasmid producing, in bacteria, a hepatitis a virus (hav) capsid protein that may be useful as a subunit vaccine. hav vp1 coding sequences were fused in-frame to nh2-terminal escherichia coli trpe coding sequences under the control of the tryptophan promoter. in the absence of exogenous tryptophan, e. coli containing this recombinant plasmid produced high levels of an 88-kilodalton fusion protein that was recognized in immunoblots by antibodies to trpe and hav. ... | 1988 | 2836522 |
| research of enterovirus, hepatitis a virus in a bathing area over a six month period and their salubrity impact. | cell-culturable enterovirus and hav levels in the effluent of a treatment plant were compared with those near the effluent outfall and in a neighbouring bathing area over a period of six months. enteroviruses were found in all effluent samples, whereas only three contained hav. no viruses were detected near the outfall nor in the bathing area. despite the low impact of this scenario on human health, the view is expressed that the potential risk posed by the discharge of viruses from treatment pl ... | 1988 | 2837025 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of a cell culture-adapted variant of hepatitis a virus: comparison with wild-type virus with restricted capacity for in vitro replication. | to determine the molecular changes associated with adaptation of hepatitis a virus (hav) to growth in cell culture, the genome of a cell culture-adapted variant of hm175 strain hav (p16 hm175, 16th in vitro passage level) was molecularly cloned and the complete nucleotide sequence of the virus was determined. compared with wild-type virus, p16 hm175 replicates efficiently in monkey kidney (bs-c-1) cells (approximately 58 rna-containing particles per one infectious unit, compared with 2.4 x 10(5) ... | 1988 | 2833008 |
| a technology of preparing hepatitis a virus (hav) from human stools. | two-step differential centrifugation through 40% and 20% sucrose of 20% water extracts of hav-positive stools yielded specific defined antigens for hepatitis a serological diagnosis by 3rd-generation methods. the antigens would be suitable also for other purposes. products of comparable quality were obtained from hav-positive stools yielding different amounts of virus. optimal were incubation-period stools, where the loss in hav yield was minimal; these preparations displayed the highest antigen ... | 1988 | 2848884 |
| appearance of immune complexes during experimental hepatitis a infection in chimpanzees. | circulating immune complexes (cics) were detected during the course of experimental hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in 8 of 9 chimpanzees. in all cases, the predominant class of antibody detected in the cic was igm. the appearance of igm-cic usually preceded the onset of liver enzyme elevations, and in all instances, the appearance of igm-cic correlated with the presence of igm anti-hav. six of 8 animals tested had significant depression of c3 concentrations during the course of infection, and ... | 1988 | 2849636 |
| relapsing hepatitis in a child, associated with isolation of hepatitis a virus antigen from the liver. | 1988 | 2839347 | |
| immune electron microscopy in the detection of viruses other than enteroviruses on cell culture in untreated sewage. | following the demonstration of enteroviruses in samples of untreated sewage by inoculation of cell cultures with an eluate fraction, immune electron microscopy (iem) was employed in two stages to detect adenoviruses and the hepatitis a virus (hav). 6/12 samples contained adenoviruses and 5/15 other samples contained viruses having characteristics of hav. cell culture can thus be usefully allied with iem in the more precise determination of the potential health hazards of waste water. | 1988 | 2839942 |
| [vaccines against hepatitis viruses]. | a short characterization of hepatitis a virus and hepatitis b virus is given. the development of hepatitis b vaccines is described, including the presently available vaccines. experimentally developed vaccines and possible vaccine developments against hepatitis b virus are discussed. the current status of the development in the field of hepatitis a virus vaccines is presented. results of hepatitis a live vaccines as well as results of hepatitis a killed vaccine developments are reported. | 1988 | 2841236 |
| large scale production of hepatitis a virus in cell culture: effect of type of infection on virus yield and cell integrity. | approaches to cell culture propagation of hepatitis a virus (hav) have used either acute infection by passage of infected cell lysates or supernatants into uninfected cells or the passage of persistently infected cells. the findings presented here demonstrate that the growth and recovery of purified virus from foetal rhesus monkey kidney (frhk4) cells persistently infected with hav isolate has-15 decreased over a 2 to 3 month period. in contrast, high multiplicity acute infection of frhk4 cells ... | 1988 | 2841419 |
| detection and characterization of subgenomic rnas in hepatitis a virus particles. | defective viral particles containing deleted genomes were detected in harvests of cell cultures infected with various hav isolates. the most prominent deletions were identified within the region of the genome coding for structural proteins. in this location three different deletions spanning nts 930-4380 (a), 1140-3820 (b), and 1370-3240 (c) were characterized. in addition to these internal deletions, various truncated rnas were detected lacking either partially or completely the 3' terminal reg ... | 1988 | 2841794 |
| [characteristics of the development of humoral immunity to hepatitis a in children's day care centers]. | solid-phase enzyme immunoassay was used to study changes in the frequency and levels of antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) in 567 children in 20 isolated groups of 5 day-care centers of the town of kemerovo. the observation period included the seasonal rise in hepatitis a incidence. an increase in the portion of seropositive children occurred in the groups where manifest or asymptomatic infection with hepatitis a existed. the number of seropositive subjects in the groups where the children ... | 1988 | 2842960 |
| expression of hepatitis a virus capsid sequences in insect cells. | a cdna coding for hepatitis a virus (hav) vp1 and portions of the flanking vp3 and p2 sequences was inserted into the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus under the control of the polyhedrin promoter and translational start codon. cells infected with recombinant virus produced high levels of a 55 kda protein, identified as containing hav vp1 by reactivity with anti-vp1 serum. the expressed protein also reacted on immunoblots with human hav convalescent sera as well as sera ... | 1988 | 2842974 |
| human gamma interferon production by cytotoxic t lymphocytes sensitized during hepatitis a virus infection. | the production of interferon (ifn) during a chromium-51 release assay with hepatitis a virus (hav)-infected fibroblasts and autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with acute hav infection was studied to determine whether ifn plays a role in immunopathogenesis of hepatitis a infection in humans. skin fibroblasts of eight patients after acute hav infection and from two control persons without history of current or past hav infection were infected with hav. peripheral blood lymphocyt ... | 1988 | 2843673 |
| laboratory detection of hepatitis a virus in stools. | 1988 | 2843692 | |
| [familial contact with patients with viral hepatitis a as a potential source of hepatitis a virus]. | 1988 | 2844420 | |
| restricted replication of hepatitis a virus in cell culture: encapsidation of viral rna depletes the pool of rna available for replication. | the replication of hepatitis a virus (hav) in bs-c-1 cells was examined under single-cycle growth conditions by using strand-specific probes for detection of viral rna species. no measurable lag phase was demonstrated between accumulation of positive-strand hav rna and production of infectious virions, indicating that replication of virion rna is rate limiting for the production of infectious virus. intracellular viral rna was further analyzed by using 2 m licl to fractionate the insoluble nonvi ... | 1988 | 2845131 |
| prediction of three-dimensional models for foot-and-mouth disease virus and hepatitis a virus. | atomic models of foot-and-mouth disease virus and hepatitis a virus have been predicted using amino acid sequence alignments with the known structures of mengo virus and human rhinovirus 14. the structural models are consistent with results of biochemical and immunological studies. the two viruses appear to have surface features exceedingly different than those of other picornaviruses. they also have large hydrophobic cavities within vp1 suggesting that it may be possible to inhibit their infect ... | 1988 | 2845659 |
| [discovery and quantitative determination of intestinal viruses by the detection of viral antigens in infected cells using an immunoperoxidase method]. | the use of immunoperoxidase method for detection of virus antigens in a fixed infected cell monolayer on microplates (cellular immunoperoxidase method, cipm) for poliomyelitis and hepatitis a virus as well as for human and simian sa ii rotaviruses is described, as well as the method of quantitation of rotaviruses by counting of virus multiplication foci. the cipm combines the advantages of the methods based on the infectivity determinations and of immunochemical methods, and may be used both for ... | 1988 | 2845670 |
| polyethylene glycol precipitation for recovery of pathogenic viruses, including hepatitis a virus and human rotavirus, from oyster, water, and sediment samples. | polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitation was found to be an effective concentration method that enhanced the chances for detecting human virus pathogens in environmental samples. percent recoveries from eluates of fresh and estuarine waters with 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 averaged 86 for hepatitis a virus, 77 for human rotavirus wa, 87 for simian rotavirus sa11, and 68 for poliovirus. percent recoveries of 97, 40, 97 and 105, respectively, for the same viruses were obtained from oyster eluates by ... | 1988 | 2845860 |
| development of an antibody-capture igm-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of acute epstein-barr virus infections. | an anti-ebv igm-elisa was developed using the antibody-capture principle, to be used for the diagnosis of acute infectious mononucleosis (im). the test was based on anti-human igm-coated microtiter plates; nuclei of ebv producer cells were used for antigen; conjugate was prepared by labeling sheep anti-ebv igg with horseradish peroxidase. the specificity of the anti-ebv igm-elisa was studied with a panel of sera from acute infections with hepatitis a virus, rubella virus, toxoplasma gondii and c ... | 1988 | 2846605 |
| the 1985 national immunisation survey: hepatitis a. | in april 1985 a national immunisation survey was carried out, during which sera were collected from approximately 3000 randomly selected children throughout new zealand. the sample comprised approximately equal numbers of new school entrants (mean age 5 years), standard 3 pupils (mean age 10 years) and form 4 students (mean age 15 years). this collection of sera was tested for antibody to hepatitis a virus, a marker of past infection with this virus, by means of a sensitive elisa test. prevalenc ... | 1988 | 2847096 |
| [epidemiologic evaluation of the immunologic structure of groups with respect to hepatitis a virus]. | the members of a newly formed group of persons have been found to be dissimilar in the intensity of their immunity to hepatitis a virus (hav), the character of changes in the specific antibody level and the time of its retention. in groups with the favorable situation with respect to hepatitis a, the epidemic process takes a latent course. the continuous circulation of the infective agent is ensured by the presence of the asymptomatic and inapparent forms of this infection. changes in the specif ... | 1988 | 2847451 |
| [construction of probes for hybridization with hepatitis a virus rna based on phage m13]. | three fragments of a dna copy complementary to tre hepatitis a virus rna have been isolated from the phav-vpi-22 plasmid and cloned in m 13 mp 8 vector. the 140, 250 and 390 b. p. fragments corresponded to the viral genome fragment coding for vp1 protein. single-stranded dnas of the hybrid phages with 250 b. p. and 390 b. p. inserts have been used for radioactive probe synthesis. the specificity of the probes for viral rna was confirmed in hybridization with hepatitis a virus rna purified from t ... | 1988 | 2848193 |
| review of hepatitis non-a, non-b: the potential hazards in dental care. | several of the common viral agents that can cause hepatitis have been detected in body fluids, including saliva and blood, which may both form important routes for transmission of disease. the viruses most commonly implicated include hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus. hepatitis delta virus (hdv) can be found in persons positive for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and presumably follows the same routes of transmission as hbv. herpe ... | 1988 | 2963986 |
| [morphologic characteristics of the hepatitis a virus]. | 1988 | 2854880 | |
| detection of hepatitis a virus in estuarine samples by gene probe assay. | the development and use of gene probe assays for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of hepatitis a virus in natural estuarine settings are described. potentially health hazardous water-borne dissemination of hepatitis a virus was detected by dot hybridization in sewage-polluted estuarine, bayou and lake waters of coastal texas. | 1988 | 2856300 |
| aetiological association of a virus-like particle with enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis. | virus-like particles, approximately 27 nm in diameter, were identified in faeces from an indian patient with enterically transmitted non-a, non-b (enanb) hepatitis. they were serologically distinct from hepatitis a virus (hav). nucleic acid extracted from the particles did not hybridize with cdna probes representing the genomes of hav, enteroviruses, and cardioviruses. chimpanzees were experimentally inoculated with faecal suspensions containing this 27 nm particle or with faeces from another ca ... | 1988 | 2894491 |
| rational programme for screening travellers for antibodies to hepatitis a virus. | a blood test and a saliva test for antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti hav) were offered to british travellers seeking human normal immunoglobulin (hnig) prophylaxis. the specimens were tested by an igg capture and a competitive radioimmunoassay (gacria, compria). by gacria 211 subjects were anti-hav positive and 358 anti-hav negative on both serum and saliva. 10 other seropositive subjects had weakly positive saliva reactions. there were three discrepant results. for the population investigated ... | 1988 | 2898594 |
| [crna probes (riboprobes) synthesized in vitro for detecting enterovirus by molecular hybridization]. | radioactively labelled rna transcripts made in vitro of various fragments from cdna clones of poliovirus type 1 and of hepatitis a virus under the control of bacteriophage t7 or sp6 promoters have been evaluated for diagnostic purposes. the rna transcripts were 2 orders of magnitude more sensitive as hybridization probes than corresponding cdna preparations labelled by the nick translation procedure. a combination of hybridization analysis and sequence comparison showed that some regions of the ... | 1988 | 2849964 |
| detection of enterovirus rna in experimentally infected mice by molecular hybridisation: specificity of subgenomic probes in quantitative slot blot and in situ hybridisation. | subgenomic cdna clones representing defined regions of the genome of coxsackie b3 virus were used as hybridisation probes to detect rna of various enteroviruses in cell culture and mouse model systems. radiolabelled probes were used in slot blots to quantitate the rna in samples; biotinylated probes were used to localise virus rna at the cellular level by in situ hybridisation with monolayers of infected cells or thin sections of tissue samples. probes derived from the 5' or 3' terminal regions ... | 1988 | 2850342 |
| [isolation of infectious hepatitis a viruses from clearing sludge]. | 1988 | 2850663 | |
| [inactivation of hepatitis a virus in water by ozone]. | 1988 | 2850667 | |
| long-term survival of hepatitis a virus and poliovirus type 1 in mineral water. | the survival in mineral water of hepatitis a virus (hav) and poliovirus type 1 was compared, under controlled experimental conditions, at 4 degrees c and room temperature. viral infectivity titers were determined by cell culture titration, while hav antigenicity was monitored by radioimmunoassay-endpoint titration. both viruses persisted longest at 4 degrees c. at this temperature, after 1 year of exposure, the inactivation of either hav or poliovirus type 1 was not important. at room temperatur ... | 1988 | 2850763 |
| efficacy of immune serum globulin in an outbreak of hepatitis a virus infection in adults. | while immune serum globulin has been shown to be highly effective in preventing hepatitis a infection when administered before exposure to the virus, its efficacy when given after exposure is less clear. timing of administration appears critical and the question of whether it modifies the clinical manifestations of the disease with possible asymptomatic seroconversion has not been conclusively answered. these aspects were examined in a common-source outbreak of 19 cases of hepatitis a in a milit ... | 1988 | 2851022 |
| [detection of hepatitis a virus rna by molecular hybridization]. | hepatitis a virus (hav) was propagated in continuous rhesus monkey embryo kidney cells (frhk-4 line). hav rna extracted with phenol from purified hav pretreated with proteinase k was used for molecular cloning experiments. two radioactive plasmids, phav-23 and phav-5p, containing hav cdna fragments complementary to structural and nonstructural parts of hav genome, respectively, were found to be useful for discrimination between mature virions and subviral structures. hav cdna-rna hybridization s ... | 1988 | 2851219 |
| [prophylactic effectiveness of immunoglobulin preparations with different amounts of specific antibodies to the hepatitis a virus]. | 1988 | 2853893 | |
| [sero-epidemiologic study of hepatitis a virus infection in childhood]. | 1988 | 2854235 | |
| acute delta superinfection in a previously unrecognised hbsag carrier with transient loss of hbsag simulating acute non-a, non-b hepatitis. | an 18 yr old previously well male taiwanese was admitted with malaise, anorexia, and jaundice for two weeks. results of liver tests were compatible with acute hepatitis. on day 1, he was seronegative for hbsag, igm anti-hav, igm anti-hbc, igm anti-cmv, and igm ebv capsid ab, but positive for anti-delta in association with anti-hbc and anti-hbs. at follow up on day 5 hbsag converted to positive with decreasing titre of anti-hbs. on day 19, the titre of hbsag increased concomitantly with loss of a ... | 1988 | 3135251 |
| hepatitis a virus and non-a, non-b virus superinfections in hbsag chronic carriers. | clinical course, morphologic changes, immunohistochemical localization of hbv-associated markers (hbsag, hbcag), and serum hbv-dna production are described in 2 chronic hbsag carriers superinfected with hav and hepatitis non-a, non-b virus. our data suggest that the superinfections do not cause more severe disease and do not influence the clinical course of the hbsag chronic carriers. our observations indicate that a careful diagnosis of hepatocytolysis is necessary in hbv chronic infection, in ... | 1988 | 3146516 |
| fulminant viral hepatitis in kuwait. | this study describes the aetiology and clinical course of fulminant viral hepatitis in 34 patients. sixteen of 34 (47%) patients presented with serological evidence that indicated that hepatitis b virus (hbv) was the cause of fulminant hepatitis, while in 13 of 34 (38%) non-a, non-b (nanb) virus was implicated as the cause. further, in three cases (9%) and two cases (6%) the patients' serological data indicated that hepatitis a (hav) and the delta agent superinfection, respectively, were the cau ... | 1988 | 3151428 |
| spontaneous and experimental hepatitis a in old world monkeys. | virologic, serologic, biochemical, and morphological data characterizing spontaneous hepatitis a (ha) in cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) and green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) are reported. experimental ha was induced in macaques as a result of infection with human hepatitis a virus (hav-h). disease similar to human ha was induced in cynomolgus macaques by hav isolates from spontaneously sick rhesus (m. mulatta) and green monkeys. this experimental model of ha in macaques can be us ... | 1988 | 3193448 |
| an outbreak of foodborne hepatitis a in a factory: a possible shift in age of patients in japan. | we investigated extensively an outbreak of hepatitis a at a factory in suburban nagoya. epidemiological study indicated a foodborne outbreak by a supplier of lunches. serologically, all the employees younger than 30 years of age had been susceptible to hepatitis a virus, but the highest morbidity was observed in the 40-44 age group. the age difference in morbidity from foodborne hepatitis and susceptible populations suggests a shift in mean patient age linked to a shift in antibody prevalence to ... | 1988 | 3225097 |
| increasing age--an important adverse prognostic factor in hepatitis a virus infection. | 1988 | 3230539 | |
| [prevalence of hepatitis caused by a, b and d virus in children]. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence due to hepatitis a, b and d viruses infection in children. a total of 286 children from madrid area with ages ranging between 0 and 13 years were included. the sample was randomized with respect to the sex and age referring to the total population of madrid. the anti-hav was positive in 15.16% of cases, with an increasing lineal correlation with age. any marker of hbv infection was found in 6.6% and hbsag in 1.4%. there was an exponential cor ... | 1988 | 3232891 |
| influenza-like syndrome in homosexual men: a prospective diagnostic study. | in the course of a prospective study of the prevalence and incidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and risk factors for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome among 961 homosexual men, 97 initially hiv antibody seronegative men reported a febrile period lasting at least three days. in 60 of these men serological evidence for an infection was found: influenza a or b virus (17 men), hiv (14), epstein-barr virus (seven), parainfluenza virus type i, 11 or ill (five), hepa ... | 1988 | 3256668 |
| the seroepidemiology of hepatitis a virus infection in jordan. | 1988 | 3262944 | |
| sexually transmitted diseases, antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, and subsequent development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. visitors of homosexual sauna clubs in copenhagen: 1982-1983. | sera from 260 men from denmark and elsewhere attending two copenhagen sauna clubs for homosexual men during nine months of 1982-1983 were investigated for markers for syphilis, hepatitis a and b, and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). five per cent (12 men) had active syphilis, and another 35% (92) had a history of and/or serologic markers for syphilis. ninety-four men (36%) were positive for antibodies to hepatitis a virus, ten (4%) were positive for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), and 15 ... | 1988 | 3358236 |
| reactivation of hepatitis b virus in anti-hbe-positive chronic active type b hepatitis: molecular and immunohistochemical studies. | the causes of acute clinical exacerbations, and the role of reactivation of hepatitis b virus (hbv) in 16 non-cirrhotic patients with chronic active type b hepatitis (cah-b) negative for serum hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) but positive for anti-hbe, were studied by molecular hybridization and immunohistochemical methods. igm antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav igm) and antibody to delta agent (anti-delta) were negative in all. hbeag reappeared transiently in only two patients. serum hepatiti ... | 1988 | 3360397 |