Publications

fatal massive hepatic necrosis from varicella-zoster hepatitis.	an unusual case of varicella-zoster hepatitis is reported which resulted in fatal massive hepatic necrosis in a 64-year old white female. the patient had had chickenpox 30 years prior to death but no cutaneous zoster at any time. the liver showed typical eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions and herpesvirus virions were demonstrated by electron microscopy. indirect immunofluorescent serologic studies confirmed remote and recent infection by varicella-zoster virus. the potential significance of an ...	1980	7234819
detection of specific iga antibodies in serum of patients with varicella and zoster infections.	a sensitive solid-phase, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for detection of serum iga antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv). the antigen consisted of a sonically disrupted extract of vzv-infected human embryo cells. rabbit antihuman iga peroxidase conjugate was used to detect human iga bound to viral antigens. in parallel, igm and igg antibodies to vzv were studied by elisa and by an immunoperoxidase antibody to membrane antigen technique, respectively. vzv iga antibod ...	1981	7298297
[clinical aspects of the varicella-zoster virus infection].		1981	7335992
nosocomial infections in immunocompromised children.	within the last decade several advances in medicine have resulted in extended longevity of children with cancer, cystic fibrosis, certain congenital immunodeficiency disorders, chronic renal diseases and aplastic anemia. forthwith, the population of such immunocompromised children has increased and accounts for a greater portion of the hospital census than heretofore. to avoid emotional, infectious and financial burdens of hospitalization, efforts have been successful in developing ambulatory ou ...	1981	7468624
adult t-cell leukemia: antigen in an atl cell line and detection of antibodies to the antigen in human sera.	indirect immunofluorescence of certain human sera demonstrated an antigen(s) in the cytoplasm of 1--5% of the cells of a t-cell line, mt-1, from a patient with adult t-cell leukemia (atl), which is endemic in southwestern japan. the antigen was not detected in other human lymphoid cell lines, including six t-cell lines, seven b-cell lines, and four non-t non-b cell lines. the antigen did not show cross antigenicity with that of herpesviruses, including epstein--barr virus, herpes simplex virus, ...	1981	7031654
[clinical picture and pathogenesis of generalized forms of herpes zoster].	clinical examination of 83 patients with generalized herpes zoster has given the authors grounds to regard this disease as a result of activation of latent varicella-zoster virus. this assumption was confirmed by the results of indirect hemagglutination inhibition tests with 37 serum specimens taken from 18 patients. treatment with antibiotics, the drug proper-myl, and by dehydration was the more effective, the earlier the patients were admitted to the clinic. dehydration, proper-myl and combina ...	1981	7234260
xbai, psti, and bglii restriction enzyme maps of the two orientations of the varicella-zoster virus genome.	cleavage of varicella-zoster virus dna with the restriction endonucleases psti, xbai, and bglii resulted in 18, 22, and 20 fragments, respectively. based on the molecular weights and molarities of these fragments, a molecular weight of 84 x 10(6) could be calculated for the varicella-zoster virus genome. in both the xbai and the bglii patterns, four 0.5 m fragments were identified. the arrangement of the fragments was determined by molecular hybridization techniques, and the terminal fragments w ...	1981	6268830
restriction endonuclease analysis of the dna from varicella-zoster virus: stability of the dna after passage in vitro.	dna was extracted from nucleocapsids isolated from wi-38 cells infected with two different strains of varicella-zoster virus (vzv). the dnas were treated with each of six restriction endonucleases (ecori, hindiii, bg/i, bg/ii, sal i and bam-hi) and small, but reproducible differences in restriction endonuclease patterns were observed. these strains were passaged in wi-38 cells and in primary guinea-pig embryo (gpe) cells, followed by restriction endonuclease analysis of the dnas. no changes were ...	1981	6271904
detection of antibody to varicella-zoster virus by competitive and igm-antibody capture immunoassay.	a simple, sensitive, and specific competitive solid phase immunoassay for antibody to varicella-zoster virus (anti-vzv) is described. the assay uses reagents that can easily be prepared and is sparing of viral antigen. using a solid phase coated with sheep igg from a serum raised against human mu-fc, the same reagents will accurately detect anti-vzv igm. the competitive assay divided sera from children from adults into immune and nonimmune groups that closely correlated with a history of previou ...	1981	6271923
application of a live varicella vaccine in children with acute leukemia or nephrotic syndrome.		1981	6273490
structure of varicella-zoster virus dna.	varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna was prepared from nucleocapsids and from enveloped virions of a laboratory strain (ellen) and directly from the vesicle fluids of patients with zoster infections. vzv ellen nucleocapsid dna was cleaved with 11 different restriction endonucleases and electrophoresed in agarose gels. the restriction profiles of the nucleocapsid dna were identical to those of the dna recovered from purified virions, but differed from those of another vzv strain (km). in vitro-labele ...	1981	6275100
immunization of inbred guinea pigs with varicella-zoster virus grown in a syngeneic transformed embryo cell line.	varicella-zoster virus was serially propagated in a chemically transformed and cloned line of embryo cells (designated "104 c1") derived from the inbred strain 2 guinea pig. when strain 2 guinea pigs were immunized with varicella-zoster virus subcultivated in the syngeneic cell line, they produced high-titer virus-specific antiserum which lacked antibody against cellular determinants. this immunization procedure offers both practical and theoretical advantages over prior methods which involved i ...	1981	6268659
the plaque-forming factor for mink lung cells present in cytomegalovirus and herpes-zoster virus stocks identified as mycoplasma hyorhinis.	previous investigation of the ability of cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus to replicate in a variety of cell lines suggested that both virus types plaqued with high efficiency in mink lung cells. however, many of the virus isolates used appeared to be contaminated with mycoplasma. we now report that the observed cytopathic effect is due to a mycoplasma which grows lytically to high titre in mink lung cells, but is difficult to cultivate in cell-free media. the mycoplasma was plaque-puri ...	1981	6271903
[investigations to demonstrate latent viral infection of varicella-zoster-virus in human spinal ganglia].		1981	6289549
varicella-zoster virus fails to induce immunoglobulin g fc receptors in infected human cells.		1981	6292918
[problems of vaccination against herpes viruses (author's transl)].		1981	6283615
[on the viral etiology of bell's palsy (an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay study) (author's transl)].	in a prospective study paired sera of 14 patients suffering from bell's palsy were examined for antibodies against varicella-zoster virus (vzv), herpes-simplex virus (hsv), cytomegalovirus (cmv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv). for determination of antibodies against vzv, hsv and cmv an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out. indirect immunofluorescence was carried out to determine antibodies against ebv. serum samples were taken within 5 days of bell's palsy having been diagnosed and we ...	1981	6285096
acyclovir - a review of the preclinical and early clinical data of a new antiherpes drug.	a review of the literature on acyclovir (zovirax), a new antiherpes drug, with particular activity against herpes simplex virus types i and ii and also against varicella-zoster, epstein-barr, cytomegalo and herpes b viruses, is presented. the article deals with 'in vitro' and 'in vivo' efficacy in animals, animal toxicity, latency and resistance, the mechanism of action and early clinical experience.	1981	6280605
determination of immunity to varicella using an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay.		1981	6277288
[herpes zoster].	this paper summarizes present knowledge on pathogenesis and therapy of herpes zoster. formerly, zoster was considered a reinfection of a partly immune individual by the varicella-zoster virus localized into a body segment of lowered resistance. recent epidemiological and virological evidence, however, suggests a different mode of pathogenesis: in the course of varicella, vzv migrates via the sensory nerves to the dorsal root ganglia where it remains in an inactive form. it may be reactivated in ...	1981	6281992
antibody pattern to human cytomegalovirus in patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon.	the role of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) was examined according to serological patterns in 37 patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon (acc). the sera were examined for the presence of igg antibodies by the immunoperoxidase antibody to membrane antigens (ipama) method and by the complement-fixation (cf) test. antibody determinations were also performed by the ipama method for three other members of the herpesvirus group: epstein-barr virus (ebv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster ...	1981	6282775
comparison of anticomplement immunofluorescence and fluorescent antibody-to-membrane antigen tests for determination of immunity status to varicella-zoster virus and for serodifferentiation of varicella-zoster and herpes simplex virus infections.	the anticomplement immunofluorescence (acif) test was compared with the fluorescent antibody-to-membrane antigen (fama) test for determining varicella-zoster virus antibody levels as a measure of varicella-zoster virus immunity status. the acif test was found to be comparable to the fama test in sensitivity and could be used for examining sera at low dilutions of 1:2 and 1:4. in addition, the acif method proved to be a more economical procedure in terms of antigen required and personnel time nec ...	1981	6273453
vestibular vertigo. a form of polyneuritis?	vestibular vertigo traditionally has been considered to be of viral origin and some forms (acute vestibular neuronitis, acute labyrinthitis, acute vertigo) may be manifestations of a viral cranial polyneuritis. to test this hypothesis, otoneurologic signs and serum complement-fixation titers to herpes simplex and herpes zoster were determined in 16 patients with acute vertigo during their attack and several weeks later. one hundred unselected patients seen for nonotoneurologic problems served as ...	1981	6268853
biochemical transformation of mouse cells by varicella-zoster virus.	mouse l cells lacking the enzyme thymidine kinase (ltk-) were infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv). even though virus did not replicate in ltk- cells, the presence of virus antigen could be observed by use of an anti-complement immunofluorescent technique at 4 h post-infection and the vzv-specific thymidine kinase could be detected in vzv-infected ltk- cells. ltk-cells were converted to a tk+ phenotype (ltk+) by infection with cell-associated vzv. clones possessing the ability to grow in s ...	1981	6273503
variation on a theme by fenner: the pathogenesis of chickenpox.		1981	6273782
intrauterine varicella: a report of two cases associated with hyper-a-immunoglobulinemia.	varicella during pregnancy may occasionally harm the fetus. this report described one case of congenital varicella syndrome and another of infantile herpes zoster after maternal varicella in the 16th and 29th week of pregnancy, respectively. a remarkable finding was that both mothers and infants had raised levels of serum iga. this suggests that varicella is prone to lead to congenital disease in infants of pregnant women with an immunologic, perhaps genetically determined abnormality.	1981	6274000
preparation of varicella-herpes zoster immunoglobulin.	the efficacy of zoster immunoglobulin in prophylaxis of varicella and herpes zoster is reported by many authors. the screening for zoster's antibodies is performed in the blood donor population and in persons convalescing from herpes zoster. the results show that 25 per cent of blood donors and 83.5 per cent of convalescents, respectively, have cf antibody titer of l6. varicella zoster immunoglobulin prepared by alcohol fractionation has a fluorescent antibody titer of 1,024 and a cf antibody ti ...	1981	6274067
antibodies in oligoclonal immunoglobulins in csf from patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.	thin-layer polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (pag ief) of csf and serum, and subsequent immunofixation with viral and structural brain components followed by autoradiography revealed in eight out of nine selected patients with oligoclonal csf igg and cerebrovascular disease local synthesis within the cns of antibodies against one or more of the viruses tested: six patients against measles, five against herpes simplex virus type 1, and two against varicella virus. this finding may reflect a ...	1981	6274124
acyclovir: an effective antiviral.		1981	6278279
detection of anti-varicella-zoster virus antibodies in blood donors by automated passive haemagglutination.	1,219 normal blood donors were screened for anti-varicella-zoster virus antibodies by automated passive haemagglutination (aph) on a technicon 15-channel autoanalyzer. 98 samples (8%) were positive by aph and 92% of these were shown to have antibody titres greater than or equal to 1/16 by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa). parallel testing on an additional 265 donors revealed that 11 (4%) individuals had ifa titres greater than 1/16 and 6 of these 11 donors were identified by aph. thus, ap ...	1981	6278772
a single serum dilution method for the quantitation of neutralizing antibodies to varicella-zoster virus.	a one-point serum dilution method for determination of neutralizing antibody in human sera to varicella-zoster (v-z) virus instead of the serial serum dilution method was investigated. focus counting was performed under a microscope on day 5 to 6 after inoculation of v-z virus into 6-well plastic trays in which human embryonic lung cells were grown. a table was constructed to estimate the nd50 titers by the per cent reduction of the focus count from the control at only one dilution of test sera. ...	1981	6279092
specific in vitro antibody response to varicella zoster.	peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal donors were stimulated in vitro by varicella zoster (vz) antigen and antibody measured by an elisa technique. antibody was produced in 14 of 19 individuals. this antibody was specific for vz with no binding to herpes simplex virus (hsv), even when the mononuclear cells were taken from individuals who had circulating antibody to vz and hsv. the failure of antibody production in mononuclear cell cultures from some normals, all of whom had serum antibo ...	1981	6279341
herpes zoster ophthalmicus in children (reports of two cases).		1981	6269994
cryopreservation of varicella-zoster virions without loss of structural integrity or infectivity.	varicella-zosterer virions present in infected cells or in a cell-free state were freeze-dried without loss of structural integrity of infectivity. generally, yields of greater than 5 log10 foci/ml (infected cells) or greater than 4 log10 pfu/ml (cell-free virus) were recovered from varicella-zoster virus-infected human melanoma cells both before and after lyophilization in phosphate-buffered media containing 0.1-1.0 m sucrose. virus frozen in solutions lacking sugar had little or no residual in ...	1981	6270035
varicella-zoster virus infection of diploid and chemically transformed guinea-pig embryo cells: factors influencing virus replication.	factors influencing the replication of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in guinea-pig embryo cells were evaluated using both diploid cells (gpec) and a chemically transformed cell line (gpt). wild-type and vaccine strains of vzv were successfully isolated and serially propagated in gpec prepared from early gestation whole embryos (less than 2 cm in length). low passage gpec (less than or equal to 5 subcultivations) were more susceptible to vzv infection than high passage gpec (greater than 5 subcult ...	1981	6270257
varicella-zoster virus vaccine dna differs from the parental virus dna.	the dnas of a varicella-zoster virus vaccine and its parental virus were compared by cscl buoyant density centrifugation and restriction enzyme cleavage analysis. the varicella-zoster virus vaccine dna showed a heterogeneous buoyant profile and altered restriction enzyme cleavage patterns. these changed properties are probably the result of the accumulation of virus containing defective varicella-zoster virus dna during extensive cell culture passage of the vaccine virus.	1981	6270384
differential affinities of 5-(2-halogenovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridines for deoxythymidine kinases of various origins.		1981	6270535
the immune system in slow disease due to persistent submicrobial (viral) infection.		1981	6270625
identification of a primate cytomegalovirus group-common protein antigen.		1981	6270897
varicella.		1981	6271007
varicella-zoster virus infection among cancer patients.		1981	6271032
[the elimination of nonspecific reaction in elisa --for the application of routine serological test on varicella zoster, measles and rubella virus (author's transl)].		1981	6268717
viral infections in pediatric burn patients.	bacterial and fungal infections are frequent complications of burns, but the frequency of viral infections has not been defined. in a retrospective survey of serum for viral antibodies in pediatric burn patients, 22% had fourfold increases in antibodies to cytomegalovirus (cmv); 8% had increases to herpes simplex virus and to epstein-barr virus; and 5% had increases to varicella-zoster virus. none of the patients had evidence of adenovirus or hepatitis b virus infection. on the basis of these ob ...	1981	6267934
antibody responses to varicella-zoster virus and the role of antibody in host defense.	antibody titers to varicella-zoster (vz) virus in persons aged 1-85 years were measured. through age 50, the percent of seropostitive individuals continued to rise. there was no fall in geometric mean titer with aging, and there may have been an increase in vz antibody titer in older persons. thus, a fall in vz antibody with increasing age does not seem likely to account for the increased incidence of zoster in the elderly. similarly, immunocompromised patients who are more likely to develop zos ...	1981	6267940
[experiences with the elisa at the serodiagnosis of infections with viruses of the herpes-group (author's transl)].	a commercially available and standardized enzymeimmunoassay was applied at 737 patients in order to diagnose immunologically a recent or reactivated infection with herpes simplex, herpes zoster v. and/or cytomegalovirus. during this course of investigation rises or falls of the titer of virus specific igg between the range of 1 : 320, 1 : 1280 and greater than or equal to 1 : 5120 turned out to mark mainly recent infections with one of the three herpes viruses. statistical evaluations of the tes ...	1981	6268528
differentiation of members of the human herpesviridae family by radioimmunoassay.	many individuals who are seronegative for one member of the human herpesviridae family are strongly seropositive for other members. using sera from such individuals, the radioimmunoassay technique demonstrated absence of antigen-antibody cross-reactions between varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) at levels of less than one part in 1,000. sera containing antibody to both hsv and vzv were absorbed with antigens of one agent without significantly altering the amount of remai ...	1981	6268545
inactivation of varicella zoster virus in vitro: effect of leukocytes and specific antibody.	inactivation of varicella zoster virus in vitro by nonadherent, mononuclear peripheral blood leukocytes and antibody is described. when leukocytes and specific antibody were incubated with this virus, marked inactivation of the virus occurred. in contrast, leukocytes alone or with serum devoid of varicella zoster antibody caused only a small degree of inactivation of varicella zoster virus. the leukocytes involved appeared not to be monocyte-macrophages or t or b lymphocytes, and only minute amo ...	1981	6268546
the development and evaluation of a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) procedure for the determination of susceptibility to varicella.	the development of a sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) procedure for the detection of specific antibodies against varicella-zoster (vzv) is described. the test proved to be about 200 times more sensitive than complement fixation (cf) and far more efficient at detecting low levels of antibody in the sera of individuals with past history of varicella. it is suggested that this ria-vzv test would be suitable for distinguishing between individuals who are either immune or susceptible to v ...	1981	6268649
cytological and immunological examination of cerebrospinal fluid in 9 patients with ramsay hunt's syndrome.	the purpose of the present study was to carry out the immunological and cytological examination of cerebrospinal fluid in 9 patients with ramsay hunt's syndrome. the results obtained were as follows: among the serum immunoglobulins, igg in 1 and igm in 5 of 9 cases increased. the varicella zoster antibody titer was significantly elevated in sera of all 9 cases and in csf of all 7 examined cases. there ws positive fluorescence to varicella zoster virus in 2 (cases 8 and 9) of 4 cases in which csf ...	1981	6267732
rapid diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infections by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis.	a simple, accurate, and rapid method for laboratory diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infections using countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (cie) is described. cie uses zoster convalescent-phase serum to detect vzv antigen in vesticular fluid. eighty-six patients were studied, 58 with vzv infections and 28 with vesicular or bullous rashes due to causes other than vzv infection. all patients with documented vzv infection had positive cie tests for vzv, and the controls were uniformly nega ...	1981	6260875
septic and aseptic arthritis complicating varicella.		1981	6260891
multifocal varicella-zoster virus leukoencephalitis temporally remote from herpes zoster.	two patients with cancer, one with hodgkin's disease and the other with a granulosa cell tumor of the ovary, developed a progressive, eventually fatal infection of the central nervous system exhibiting multifocal symptoms and signs. pathologically, gross abnormalities of the brain resembled those in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (pml), with discrete and confluent plaque-like lesions concentrated in the white matter, particularly along the gray-white junction. microscopically, pathol ...	1981	6261672
enhancement of varicella-zoster virus replication in cultured human embryonic lung cells treated with the pesticide carbaryl.	in studies designed to determine the factors responsible for control of herpesvirus replicaton in an infected cell, we examined the interaction of varicella-zoster (vz) virus-infected human embryonic lung cells with the pesticide carbaryl. the replication of the cell-associated vz virus was enhanced 2- to 13-fold as compared to control cultures in sevin 4 oil-treated cultures and in cultures treated with the pesticide's active ingredient, carbaryl. the replication of vz virus in cultures teated ...	1981	6261690
immunogenic glycoproteins of laboratory and vaccine strains of varicella-zoster virus.	high-titered antisera were prepared in guinea pigs and rabbits against two strains of varicella-zoster virus (vzv): vzv-32, a low-passage laboratory strain, and vzv-oka, a vaccine strain attenuated by passage in both human and guinea pig embryo cells. when the animal vzv-immune sera, as well as a human zoster serum, were used to precipitate radiolabeled glycoproteins from vzv-infected cells and the immune precipitates were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography, it was o ...	1981	6262245
an interchangeable elisa for cytomegalovirus antigen and antibody.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to demonstrate cytomegalovirus (cmv) antibodies and antigen. a nuclear antigen from cmv-infected cells was used for detection of igg and igm antibodies. significant rises of cmv-igg and significant levels of cmv-igm were found in sera from patients with acute cmv only, and not with other herpesvirus infections. cmv antigens were demonstrated in cells and in culture medium by a sandwich or by an inhibition elisa technique. in the sandwich ...	1981	6262352
soluble skin test antigen of varicella-zoster virus prepared from the fluid of infected cultures.	a soluble varicella virus antigen for skin testing was developed using culture fluid from varicella-zoster virus-infected human diploid cells. the culture fluid was centrifuged at a high speed (100,000 g for 2 hr) to remove viral particles, and the supernatant, after heating at 56 c for 30 min, was used as the soluble skin test antigen. no virion or nucleocapsid was found by electron microscopy, and very little 3 h-labeled dna in the soluble antigen hybridized with viral dna. by immunoprecipitat ...	1981	6263986
a rapid radioimmunoassay using 125i-labeled staphylococcal protein a for antibody to varicella-zoster virus.	a sensitive radioimmunoassay for serum antibody to varicella-zoster virus is described; it uses 125i-labeled staphylococcal protein a and a specially designed immunofiltration apparatus. the assay accurately distinguishes between individuals who are susceptible and those who are immune to infection with varicella-zoster virus. in addition, it can detect passive antibody in recipients of varicella-zoster immune globulin. this radioimmunoassay also detects the heterologous antibody responses that ...	1981	6263987
[infections due to herpes-varicella viruses in hodgkin's disease (author's transl)].	the infections due to herpes-varicella viruses occurring in 191 patients with hodgkin's disease form the basis of this report. there were overall 41 episodes (26.7%) in 40 patients, distributed as follows: varicella in three cases, atypical herpes-varicella in two cases, and herpes zoster in 36 cases, the latter showing systemic spread in seven instances, one to the central nervous system (myelitis) and six to the skin. the mortality was 2.5% of all infections, and 33% of the varicella cases. mo ...	1981	6264237
thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis.	thygeson's superficial keratitis is a chronic disease of the cornea characterized by focal epithelial lesions. we studied 45 cases of thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis. twenty-eight were male and 17 were female patients. the disease had been active in our patients from one month to 24 years. the clinical findings, course, outcome, and response to therapy were studied. viral cultures and microscopic studies were performed on the corneal epithelial scrapings from ten cases. the average cou ...	1981	6264365
recovery of cell-free varicella virus from vero cells.		1981	6264893
antisera to late cytomegalovirus nuclear antigens produced in cynomolgus monkeys.		1981	6265560
production of monospecific antibodies to varicella zoster virus antigen in rabbits tolerant to human igg and immunized with antigen immunoprecipitated with human igg from zoster reconvalescent sera.	a method for production of antisera specific to a single antigen of a human infectious agent is described with varicella zoster virus (vzv) as a model. microisolation of immunochemically pure antigen contained in defined immunoprecipitates was achieved by crossed immunoelectrophoresis of a crude antigenic preparation (detergent solubilized, vzv infected cells) into agarose gel containing zoster reconvalescent immunoglobulin. immunization of rabbits made tolerant to human igg with immunoprecipita ...	1981	6265561
[an immunological study of herpes zoster patients iii--specific immunity (author's transl)].		1981	6260390
immune response after exposure to varicella zoster virus: characterization of virus-specific antibodies and their corresponding antigens.	fourteen varicella zoster virus antigens were identified that induce antibodies during primary and recurrent infections. these antigens, which included the major nucleocapsid polypeptide (molecular weight, 155,000) and three glycoproteins (molecular weights, 130,000, 88,000, and 60,000, respectively) plus a number of minor antigens, were identified in radioimmunoprecipitation assays, using [35s]methionine-labeled extracts of cells infected with varicella zoster virus and sera from patients with ...	1981	6260665
epstein-barr virus antibodies in children with atopic disease.	the prevalence and titers of antibodies to human herpetoviruses as well as rubella and mumps viruses were determined in 98 children with atopic diseases and in 55 nonatopic control children. the only significant difference between the two groups was found as regards epstein-barr virus (ebv) antibodies, which were found in higher titers in atopic children of all ages. increased levels of ebv antibodies were found both in children with asthma and atopic dermatitis. the frequency of seropositivity ...	1981	6260689
clinical and laboratory studies of kmcc strain live attenuated varicella virus.		1981	6259644
recurrent herpes zoster encephalitis. a complication of systemic lupus erythematosus.	a middle-aged woman had five discrete episodes of herpes zoster. the first attack consisted of uncomplicated herpes zoster ophthalmicus. the subsequent four episodes involved thoracic, cervical, and finally sacral dermatomes and were complicated by myelitis or encephalomyelitis. during the most recent attack, while she was receiving corticosteroids, varicella-zoster virus was cultured from the csf. in addition, the patient had strong evidence of systemic lupus erythematosus, with a history of ra ...	1981	6257212
prevention of varicella zoster (vz) with poly(i) . poly(c) given during the incubation period.	poly i . poly c (poly i:c) was administered to six children with cancer who were exposed to varicella zoster (vz) and who were under active treatment to determine if this agent could prevent the development of overt varicella zoster (chickenpox). poly i:c was administered as a single injection during the incubation period, but beyond 72 hours, since zoster immunoglobulin (zig) is a proven effective agent in the first 72 hours. none of these patients had a prior history of vz and neither zig nor ...	1981	6180079
decrease of the lymphoproliferative response to varicella-zoster virus antigen in the aged.	humoral antibodies and specific cellular immune reactions (proliferative immune response in the lymphocyte transformation test) to varicella-zoster virus antigen were measured in children, young adults, and elderly people. in children and young adults, the humoral varicella-zoster-specific antibodies and the virus-specific cellular immune response generally coincided. in the over-60 age group, however, a discrepancy was often observed between these parameters. ninety percent of the elderly subje ...	1981	6163722
comparison of the effects of arabinosyladenine, arabinosylhypoxanthine, and arabinosyladenine 5'-monophosphate against herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus with their effects on cellular deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.	in a single line of human foreskin fibroblasts, minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) and the minimum intracellular virus inactivation concentrations (miics) of arabinosyladenine, arabinosylhypoxanthine, and arabinosyladenine 5'-monophosphate were assayed for a number of recent isolates of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), and cytomegalovirus (cmv). (the term miic is used here to describe the selective qualitative intracellular inhibition of the ...	1981	6166244
inhibition of human herpesviruses by combination of acyclovir and human leukocyte interferon.	human leukocytes interferon in low concentrations (1 to 5 u/ml) enhanced the antiviral effect of acyclovir against herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus grown in human fibroblasts. this occurred without additive inhibition of the division of human fibroblasts or proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. the combined antiviral effect was additive against clinical isolates of cytomegalovirus and was synergistic against clinical isolates of the other two virus ...	1981	6166569
enhancement of infectivity of cell-free varicella--zoster virus with diethylaminoethyl-dextran.		1981	6163154
acyclovir.		1981	6116957
cellular and humoral immunity in hodgkin's disease. i patients in continuous long-term remission.	cell-mediated and humoral immunity to herpes simplex virus (hsv), cytomegalovirus (cmv) and varicella zoster virus (vzv) were examined in 37 patients with hodgkin's disease in continuous long term remission. this group had lower blast-transformation than a matched control group to all 3 antigens. patients originally showing b-symptoms had higher transformation to vzv than those with a-symptoms. patients treated with irradiation only had higher transformation than those treated with either chemot ...	1981	6171864
anticomplement immunofluorescence for the titration of antibody to varicella-zoster virus.	anticomplement immunofluorescence (acif) was tested for its use for the titration of antibody against varicella-zoster virus (vzv). acif antibody responses of patients with vzv infection were specific for vzv antigen and heterotypic responses to herpes simplex virus type-1 and cytomegalovirus antigens were not observed. comparative studies of acif, membrane immunofluorescence (mif) and indirect immunofluorescence (if), using acetone-fixed antigen, were carried out with nonimmune sera and convale ...	1981	6166838
human serum antibodies to varicella-zoster virus thymidine kinase.	the conditions required for the production of varicella-zoster virus (vsv)-induced deoxythymidine kinase (dtk) have been studied. extracts from vero cells harvested 62 h after vzv infection were found to contain vzv-induced dtk activity, with a minimal contribution from the cellular dtk activity. vzv dtk was shown to have a broad substrate specificity phosphorylating both deoxythymidine, deoxycytidine, and iododeoxyuridine. deoxythymidine triphosphate inhibition studies revealed an intermediate ...	1982	6176544
immunoprecipitable polypeptides specified by varicella-zoster virus.		1982	6177095
administration of live varicella vaccine to children wtih leukaemia.	live varicella vaccine was given to twenty-three children with lymphoreticular malignancies, twelve whose chemotherapy was complete and eleven who were still receiving therapy. seroconversion was observed in all twenty-three children, only one of whom lost his vaccine-induced antibody. eight of the children experienced thirteen exposures to varicella, including four continuing exposures in their households. varicella, manifested by the appearance of seven vesicular lesions, developed in only one ...	1982	6127546
serological reactivity of some monoclonal antibodies to varicella-zoster virus.	monoclonal antibodies to varicella-zoster virus, free from host cell reactivity, were produced by cell fusion technics. antibodies from four different clones showed diverse activities in neutralization immunofluorescence and complement fixation assays. the antibodies provide useful reagents for viral diagnosis and viral antigenic characterization.	1982	6184037
herpes simplex virus encephalitis: intrathecal synthesis of oligoclonal virus-specific igg, iga and igm antibodies.	paired specimens of serum and csf from seven patients with acute herpes simplex virus encephalitis were examined during the acute illness or the convalescent stage or during both stages. imprint immunofixation analyses of viral antibodies separated by agarose electrophoresis and by electrofocusing disclosed intrathecal production of herpes simplex virus igg antibodies in all seven patients, and of iga and igm antibodies in six and three of six patients, respectively. intrathecal production of he ...	1982	6184456
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to varicella-zoster virus.	primary varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection is a serious illness in immunocompromised individuals, and a rapid, sensitive, and reliable assay to identify high-risk vzv-susceptible patients would be clinically useful. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibody to vzv was compared with the fluorescent antibody-to-membrane antigen (fama) assay and found to be similar in both sensitivity and specificity. the antibody titers determined by both assays were also similar. the absence o ...	1982	6279689
leukemia patients to be given varicella vaccine.		1982	6279894
[varicella-zoster-immunoglobulin as a safe prophylaxis of varicella (author's transl)].	the occurrence of varicella in the course of immunosuppressive therapy is always a hazard to life. up till now, passive immunization is the only method which provides reliable protection. we have had an immunoglobulin compound at our disposal during the last 5 years. this compound was obtained by screening a plasmapool for high-titre varicella antibodies, which were then fractionated. varicella immunoglobulin was injected on 298 occasions to children incubated with varicella. there were no serio ...	1982	6278297
[congenital varicella syndrome].		1982	6278379
simian varicella virus (delta herpesvirus) infection of patas monkeys leading to pneumonia and encephalitis.		1982	6278510
serum antibody profile against herpesviruses in renal transplant recipients.	forty-eight renal allograft recipients who had received a kidney graft 2 months to 8 years previously, were followed for the presence of serum antibody against cytomegalovirus (cmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), herpes simplex virus (hsv), and varicella-zoster virus (vzv). these investigations were performed over a 6 months period and in at least two serum samples from each patient, obtained at intervals of 2-3 months. the presence of serological signs of recent or active infection were observed in ...	1982	6100358
determination of specific iga antibodies to varicella zoster virus by immunoperoxidase assay.	an indirect peroxidase technique was developed for determination of iga antibodies to varicella zoster virus (vzv). the antigen consisted of acetone-fixed trypsinised vzv-infected cells. rabbit antihuman iga peroxidase conjugate was used to detect human iga antibodies bound to viral antigen. in parallel igg antibodies to vzv were determined by an immunoperoxidase antibody to membrane antigen (ipama) technique. varicella zoster virus iga antibodies were detected in all five varicella and seven zo ...	1982	6282941
in vitro susceptibility of varicella-zoster virus to e-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and related compounds.	the in vitro susceptibility of eight strains of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) to e-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) was examined in human embryonic fibroblasts by the following techniques: inhibition of focus formation by either cell-free vzv (4-day assay) or cell-associated vzv (2-day assay), inhibition of viral antigen formation (2-day assay), and inhibition of viral cytopathogenicity (15-day assay). the 50% inhibitory dose (id50) of bvdu ranged from 0.001 microgram/ml (2-day assay) to 0 ...	1982	6282207
specific in vitro antibody responses by human blood lymphocytes: apparent nonresponsiveness of pbl is due to a lack of recirculating memory b cells.		1982	6282963
immunologic and epidemiologic aspects of varicella infection acquired during infancy and early childhood.	the development of varicella zoster infection was studied in a population of infants under one year of age during three outbreaks of varicella in a semi-closed domiciliary institution for infants in japan. over a period of four years, many residents ranging in age from 27 days to 32 months were tested for cutaneous reactivity to vzv antigen, and vzv-specific antibody activity before, during, and after each outbreak of varicella. of these, 85 subjects developed clinical varicella, with an overall ...	1982	6283050
live attenuated varicella vaccine: immunization of healthy children with the oka strain.	ninety-one healthy children were immunized with one of three preparations of the oka strain of live attenuated varicella zoster virus in order to gain sufficient information on safety and immunogenicity to justify vaccine studies in immunosuppressed children. the oka-biken vaccine was studied in a dose response trial. two additional clinical trails were conducted with the oka strain that was further passaged: a frozen aqueous (oka-rit-aq) form and a lyophilized (oka-rit-ly) form were tested. wit ...	1982	6283051
[laboratory diagnosis for varicella-zoster virus infection--detection of viral antigens in vesicular fluid and susceptibility test for antiherpes drugs (author's transl)].		1982	6283211
herpes zoster in childhood.		1982	6283515
further evidence for common antigens in herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses.	to elucidate the mechanism of heterologous antibody responses to herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) which occur in some patients with hsv or vzv infections, stronger evidence was sought for the existence of cross-reacting antibodies to these viruses, using antibody absorption procedures. absorption of sera from initial hsv infections with hsv antigen was found to abolish heterologous antibody titer rises to vzv, as demonstrated in complement fixation, neutralization, and ...	1982	6278070
restriction endonuclease analysis of varicella-zoster vaccine virus and wild-type dnas.	the dna from several clinical isolates of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were compared with the dna from the vaccine strain vzv using three restriction endonucleases: bamhi, bgii, and hpai. when electrophoresed through an agarose gel, the vaccine dna digestion pattern was significantly different from the digestion patterns of the wild-type dnas. variations in the digestion pattern of the separate clinical isolates were also observed.	1982	6278073
a population study of herpesvirus infections and hla antigens.	in a population-based study of herpesvirus infection and human leukocyte antigen (hla) phenotype, conducted during the period 1977-1979 in the framingham study cohort, hla-bw16 was found less often and hla-cw2 more often in individuals with histories of herpes labialis than in other individuals. similarly, both geometric mean antibody titer to herpes simplex type 1 and proportion of individuals with detectable antibody were higher in those without bw16 and in those with cw2. no strong associatio ...	1982	6280494
inhibitory effects of antiherpesviral thymidine analogs against varicella-zoster virus.	thymidine analogs highly active against herpes simplex virus were compared in their inhibitory action against seven strains of varicella-zoster virus by a plaque reduction assay. e-5-bromovinyl-arabinosyluracil (bv-ara-u) was most active, followed by e-5 chlorovinyl-arabinosyluracil, e-5-bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (bv-durd), 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-arabinosyluracil, 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-arabinosylcytosine, arabinosylthymine, 5-vinyl-arabinosyluracil, acycloguanosine, and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, in order ...	1982	6280604
herpes zoster: complications pathogenesis and pathology. the specialist view.	the term herpes zoster is derived from the greek herpes: to creep and zoster: a belt or girdle. shingles is from the latin cingere: to gird, which was corrupted to mean a belt of girdle for the human form. a typical attack of herpes zoster is usually not difficult to recognise, but it is important to be aware of uncommon manifestations and complications.	1982	6280661
severe bronchiolitis probably caused by varicella-zoster virus.	an unusual, severe pneumonia probably caused by varicella-zoster virus is reported in a 19-year-old previously healthy man. the diagnosis was based on high titer of varicella-zoster antibodies in serum, and demonstration of varicella-zoster antigen from lung biopsy specimen. the uncommon feature in the pathophysiological course of the disease was the selective hypercarbia that responded well to bronchodilator therapy with theophylline. furthermore, the patient had no skin manifestations during h ...	1982	6280925
multiple sclerosis. electrofocused "bands" of oligoclonal csf igg do not carry antibody activity against measles, varicella-zoster or rotaviruses.	electrofocused serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens from patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) were analysed for immunoglobulins (ig) and for antibodies to measles, varicella-zoster and rotaviruses by an imprint immunofixation method. patterns of intrathecally synthesized antibodies to the 3 viruses differed from patterns of oligoclonal igg in the csf. a variable proportion of virus antibody bands (average 19% for measles antibodies, 8% for varicella-zoster antibodies, 31% for rotavirus ...	1982	6281394