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mercury (hg) and methyl mercury (mehg) concentrations in fish from the coastal lagoon of orbetello, central italy.total mercury (hg tot) and methyl mercury (mehg) were quantified in several specimens of dicentrarchus labrax and sparus aurata from the east basin of the orbetello lagoon, central italy. the size of each specimen was recorded to estimate body burdens (bbs); =hg tot and mehg were measured in fillets of both species. hg tot and mehg in s. aurata ranged between 0.355-1.58 and 0.341-1.53 μg/g wet weight (ww), respectively; in d. labrax, their ranges were 0.284-2.54 and 0.214-2.35 μg/g ww. approxima ...201323998853
presence of contracaecum spp. in teleosts cultured and fished in sardinia.this study reports the results of the finding of contracaecum spp. during a survey on endoparasites isolated from cultured and wild fish and also from some cephalopods caught in sardinian waters. contracaecum spp. is a nematode belonging to the anisakidae, and is reported to cause zoonosis in humans. nematodes were detected after visual inspection and enzymatic digestion and then identified by morphologic observation, which was confirmed by pcr. the results show that contracaecum spp. were found ...201323597773
regulation of natural killer enhancing factor (nkef) genes in teleost fish, gilthead seabream and european sea bass.peroxiredoxins (prx) are a family of antioxidant proteins also involved in inflammation and innate immunity. prx1 and prx2 are also known as natural killer enhancing factor (nkef)-a and nkef-b, respectively, by their ability to prime the mammalian nk-cells activity. in teleost fish, nkef genes have been isolated but their regulation has been scarcely evaluated. we have identified orthologues of the nkef-a and nkef-b genes in the teleost european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) which showed const ...201323511025
differentiation of sparidae species by dna sequence analysis, pcr-sscp and ief of sarcoplasmic proteins.the increasing global trade of fishery and aquaculture products makes it necessary to develop methods for species identification in case of fish fillets or other highly processed seafood with external morphological characteristics (e.g. gills, fins) of the original fish being removed. species identification methods based on dna- or protein-analysis, like dna sequencing of pcr products, pcr-sscp (polymerase chain reaction - single strand conformation polymorphism), and isoelectric focusing (ief) ...201323265470
ultrastructural and phylogenetic description of zschokkella auratis sp. nov. (myxozoa), a parasite of the gilthead seabream sparus aurata.a new myxosporean, zschokkella auratis sp. nov., infecting the gall bladder of the gilthead seabream sparus aurata in a southern portuguese fish farm, is described using microscopic and molecular procedures. plasmodia and mature spores were observed floating free in the bile. plasmodia, containing immature and mature spores, were characterized by the formation of branched glycostyles, apparently due to the release of segregated material contained within numerous cytoplasmic vesicles. mature spor ...201324270020
salinity-dependent copper accumulation in the guppy poecilia vivipara is associated with ctr1 and atp7b transcriptional regulation.copper (cu) accumulation and regulation of key-genes involved in cu homeostasis were evaluated in freshwater- and saltwater-acclimated guppies poecilia vivipara. fish were exposed (96h) to environmentally relevant concentrations of dissolved cu (0, 5.0, 9.0 and 20.0μg/l). in freshwater guppies, gill and liver cu accumulation was dependent on cu concentration in the exposure medium. in saltwater guppies, this dependence was observed only in the gut. these findings indicate that cu accumulation wa ...201424813262
ortholinea auratae n. sp. (myxozoa, ortholineidae) infecting the urinary bladder of the gilthead seabream sparus aurata (teleostei, sparidae), in a portuguese fish farm.a new myxosporean species, ortholinea auratae n. sp., is described from the gilthead seabream, sparus aurata linnaeus, 1758 (teleostei, sparidae) from a fish farm in algarve, portugal. plasmodia and spores were found in the urinary bladder and, less frequently, in the posterior kidney. plasmodia were polymorphic, presenting an irregular cellular membrane due to the presence of several peripheral projections, which in turn were covered by a glycocalyx-like sheet. mature spores were subspherical i ...201424985497
assessment of trace metal concentrations in muscle tissue of certain commercially available fish species from kayseri, turkey.regular consumption of fish has been widely recommended by health authorities. however, it is known that some species accumulate high levels of contaminants including heavy metals (e.g., hg, cd, pb, and as). in this study, cu, pb, co, ni, cr, mn, cd, and fe were determined in the muscle tissue of 11 commercially available fish species (sparus auratus, dicentrarchus labrax, mullus barbatus, belone belone, psetta maxima, epinephelus aeneus, salmothymus, soleidae, pomatomus saltatrix, engraulis enc ...201424633787
farming-up coastal fish assemblages through a massive aquaculture escape event.we investigated the changes on the mean trophic level of fish assemblages across different spatiotemporal scales, before and after a massive escape event occurred off la palma (canary islands), which resulted in the release of 1.5 million fish (mostly dicentrarchus labrax) into the wild. the presence of escaped fish altered significantly the mean trophic level of fish assemblages in shallow coastal waters. this alteration was exacerbated by the massive escape. a nearby marine protected area buff ...201424725509
shift in trophic level of mediterranean mariculture species.the mean trophic level of the farmed fish species in the mediterranean has been increasing. we examined the farming-up hypothesis (i.e., the increase in the production of high-trophic-level species) in the mediterranean by determining the trophic level of the aquafeeds (i.e., what the fish are fed) of 5 species of farmed marine fishes: common dentex (dentex dentex), common pandora (pagellus erythrinus), european seabass (dicentrarchus labrax), gilthead seabream (sparus aurata), and red porgy (pa ...201424628519
retrograde positive contrast urethrocystography of the fish urogenital system.the radiological differences between the urinary tract of  dicentrarchus labrax, sparus aurata, tinca tinca, and cyprinus carpio are shown. in fresh water teleosts the urinary bladder is sigmoid and a short urethra leads to the urinary pore. genital and anal pores are present. in sparus aurata the urinary bladder has a globoid shape. in dicentrarchus labrax the urinary bladder is smaller and elongate. in both marine teleosts a single urogenital pore is visible. positive contrast was used to surv ...201425180198
comparative analysis of the humoral immunity of skin mucus from several marine teleost fish.fish skin mucus contains several immune substances that provide the first line of defence against a broad spectrum of pathogens although they are poorly studied to date. terminal carbohydrate composition and levels of total igm antibodies, several immune-related enzymes (lysozyme, peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, esterases, proteases and antiproteases) as well as the bactericidal activity (against fish pathogenic vibrio harveyi, vibrio angillarum, photobacterium damselae and non-pathogenic bact ...201424972341
comparative skin mucus and serum humoral defence mechanisms in the teleost gilthead seabream (sparus aurata).mucosal surfaces of fish, including skin, gill and gut, contain numerous immune substances poorly studied that act as the first line of defence against a broad spectrum of pathogens. this study aimed to identify and characterize for the first time different constitutive humoral defence mechanisms of the skin mucus of gilthead seabream (sparus aurata). to do this, the levels of total immunoglobulin m, several enzymes and proteins (peroxidase, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, esterases, proteases a ...201424412437
lipopolysaccharides isolated from aeromonas salmonicida and vibrio anguillarum show quantitative but not qualitative differences in inflammatory outcome in sparus aurata (gilthead seabream).in fish, the defence system recognises pathogenic microorganisms via pathogen recognition receptors (prrs) that sense particular structures of the pathogens; the so-called pathogen associated molecular patterns (pamps) such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lpss). the result of the pamp-prr interactions leads to complex and orchestrated immune responses. in this study, sparus aurata (gilthead seabream) were intraperitoneally injected with purified lipopolysaccharide (lps) from aeromonas salmonic ...201424954838
virulence properties, biofilm formation and random amplified polymorphic dna analysis of photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae isolates from cultured sea bream (sparus aurata) and sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax).photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae has been isolated from different outbreaks affecting cultured sparus aurata and dicentrarchus labrax. the aim of the present study was to characterize the phenotype and genotype of 12 p. damselae subsp. damselae strains isolated from these outbreaks. the roles of skin mucus in resistance to the initial infection steps have been studied. all tested strains resisted the bactericidal activity of the mucus and showed an ability to adhere to it, but only those ...201424685699
a new intranuclear microsporidium, enterospora nucleophila n. sp., causing an emaciative syndrome in a piscine host (sparus aurata), prompts the redescription of the family enterocytozoonidae.the presence of a new microsporidium is believed to be responsible for an emaciative syndrome observed in farmed gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) from different facilities along the spanish coast. infected fish were approximately half the average weight and significant mortality was attributed to the condition in some facilities. clinical signs included anorexia, cachexia and pale internal organs. the microsporidium was found mainly in the intestinal mucosa and occasionally in the submucosa. m ...201424326177
element levels in cultured and wild sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) from the adriatic sea and potential risk assessment.in this study, the role of aquaculture activity as a source of selected metals was analyzed. significant differences in element content between cultured (dicentrarchus labrax, sparus aurata) and wild fishes as well as between fish muscle and their feed were detected. higher concentrations of trace elements (i.e., as, cu, hg, se) in wild fish tissues in comparison with cultured ones indicate additional sources of metals beside fish feed as natural and/or anthropogenic sources. generally, mean cd, ...201423504489
immunohistochemical characterization of polyclonal antibodies against enteromyxum leei and enteromyxum scophthalmi (myxozoa: myxosporea), intestinal parasites of fish.the enteric myxozoan parasites enteromyxum leei (diamant, lom et dyková) and enteromyxum scophthalmi palenzuela, redondo et álvarez-pellitero are responsible for high weight loss in infected fish, which leads to subchronic disease and low mortality rates in gilthead sea bream (gsb), sparus aurata l., and to high mortality rates in turbot, psetta maxima (l.). the detection of initial parasite stages in histological sections is particularly difficult, but can be simplified by means of specific ant ...201423957839
the treatment with the probiotic shewanella putrefaciens pdp11 of specimens of solea senegalensis exposed to high stocking densities to enhance their resistance to disease.aquaculture industry exposes fish to acute stress events, such as high stocking density, and a link between stress and higher susceptibility to diseases has been concluded. several studies have demonstrated increased stress tolerance of fish treated with probiotics, but the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. shewanella putrefaciens pdp11 is a strain isolated from healthy gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) and it is considered as probiotics. the aim of this study was to evaluate the ...201425149590
effect of dietary supplementation of probiotics and palm fruits extracts on the antioxidant enzyme gene expression in the mucosae of gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.).antioxidant activity is particularly important, since oxidation is an unavoidable reaction in all living bodies. at present, natural antioxidants to be used on food as an alternative to synthetic ones are being sought. gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) specimens were fed for 4 weeks with diets enriched with bacterial probiotics (shewanella putrefaciens pdp11 and bacillus sp), single or in combination with tunisian dates palm fruit extracts. the expression of the main antioxidant enzyme genes ...201424952087
dietary administration of β-1,3/1,6-glucan and probiotic strain shewanella putrefaciens, single or combined, on gilthead seabream growth, immune responses and gene expression.it is widely known that β-glucans and probiotic bacteria are good immunostimulants for fish. in the present work we have evaluated the dietary effect of β-1,3/1,6-glucan (isolated from laminarina digitata) and pdp 11 (shewanella putrefaciens, probiotic isolated from gilthead seabream skin), single or combined, on growth, humoural (seric level of total igm antibodies and peroxidase and antiprotease activities) and cellular innate immune response (peroxidase and phagocytic activities of head-kidne ...201424798993
risk assessment for parasites in cultures of diplodus puntazzo (sparidae) in the western mediterranean: prospects of cross infection with sparus aurata.the sharpsnout seabream diplodus puntazzo is of interest in mediterranean fish farming. disease is an important problem because parasites can spread quickly in culture conditions and fish often develop high parasite burdens. here we assess the risk that documented parasites pose to the sustainability of d. puntazzo farming. this study specifically considers metazoan and protist parasites recorded from wild and farmed d. puntazzo in scientific literature. risk assessment studies involve the ident ...201424893693
pharmacokinetics and residue depletion of erythromycin in gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l. after oral administration.erythromycin (ery) is an antibiotic effective against streptococcus iniae, a microorganism responsible for significant losses in aquaculture. no data are available on the pharmacokinetics and residue depletion of ery in sea bream. the aim of this study was thus to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of ery in this species after a single oral administration at 75 mg kg(-1) b.w. and to assess its residue depletion from tissues after prolonged treatment for 10 days. ery was rapidly absorbed in sea bream ...201423992037
antibiotic resistance of vibrio species isolated from sparus aurata reared in italian mariculture.extensive use of antimicrobial agents in finfish farming and the consequent selective pressure lead to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance in aquaculture environment bacteria. vibrio genus represents one of the main pathogens affecting gilthead sea bream. the development of antibiotic resistance by vibrio represents a potential threat to human health by exchange of resistant genes to human pathogens through food chain. the objective of the present study was to conduct a multisite survey on ...201425180847
toll-like receptor 22 of gilthead seabream, sparus aurata: molecular cloning, expression profiles and post-transcriptional regulation.tlr22 is a fish-specific tlr that recognizes dsrnas. in the present study, a tlr22 homologue gene from gilthead seabream (sbtlr22) was identified and characterized. the full coding sequence contained a single open-reading frame of 2895 nucleotides encoding a predicted protein of 964 amino acids in length. its 3'-utr was relatively long, 1380 nucleotides, and contained three au-rich sequences frequently associated with mrna instability. functional studies showed that the sbtlr22 transcript had a ...201424333435
flagellin from marinobacter algicola and vibrio vulnificus activates the innate immune response of gilthead seabream.adjuvants have emerged as the best tools to enhance the efficacy of vaccination. however, the traditional adjuvants used in aquaculture may cause adverse alterations in fish making necessary the development of new adjuvants able to stimulate the immune system and offer strong protection against infectious pathogens with minimal undesirable effects. in this respect, flagellin seems an attractive candidate due to its ability to strongly stimulate the immune response of fish. in the present study, ...201425020195
impact of three commercial feed formulations on farmed gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata, l.) metabolism as inferred from liver and blood serum proteomics.the zootechnical performance of three different commercial feeds and their impact on liver and serum proteins of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata, l.) were assessed in a 12 week feeding trial. the three feeds, named a, b, and c, were subjected to lipid and protein characterization by gas chromatography (gc) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms), respectively.201425342931
second generation genetic linkage map for the gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l.an updated second linkage map was constructed for the gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata l., a fish species of great economic importance for the mediterranean aquaculture industry. in contrast to the first linkage map which mainly consisted of genomic microsatellites (ssrs), the new linkage map is highly enriched with ssrs found in expressed sequence tags (est-ssrs), which greatly facilitates comparative mapping with other teleosts. the new map consists of 321 genetic markers in 27 linkage groups ...201425307204
liver transcriptome analysis in gilthead sea bream upon exposure to low temperature.water temperature greatly influences the physiology and behaviour of teleost fish as other aquatic organisms. while fish are able to cope with seasonal temperature variations, thermal excursions outside their normal thermal range might exceed their ability to respond leading to severe diseases and death.profound differences exist in thermal tolerance across fish species living in the same geographical areas, promoting for investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in susceptibility and resi ...201425194679
microbiological spoilage and investigation of volatile profile during storage of sea bream fillets under various conditions.volatile organic compound (voc) profile was determined during storage of sea bream (sparus aurata) fillets under air and modified atmosphere packaging (map - co2/o2/n2: 60/10/30) at 0, 5 and 15°c. microbiological, tvb-n (total volatile base nitrogen) and sensory changes were also monitored. shelf-life of sea bream fillets stored under air was 14, 5 and 2days (d) at 0, 5 and 15°c respectively, while under map was 18, 8, and 2d at 0, 5 and 15°c respectively. at the end of shelf life, the total mic ...201425150673
acute stress response in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) is time-of-day dependent: physiological and oxidative stress indicators.since fish show daily rhythms in most physiological functions, it should not be surprising that stressors may have different effects depending on the timing of exposure. in this study, we investigated the influence of time of day on the stress responses, at both physiological and cellular levels, in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) submitted to air exposure for 30 s and then returned to their tank. one hour after air exposure, blood, hypothalamus and liver samples were taken. six fish per e ...201425102424
different stressors induce differential responses of the crh-stress system in the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (hpi) axis, involved in the regulation of the neuroendocrine stress responses, presents important players such as corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh, generally considered as the initiator of this pathway) and crh-binding protein (crh-bp, considered as an antagonist of crh function). crh and crh-bp full-length cdna sequences were obtained from sparus aurata by screening a brain cdna library, and their phylogenetic analysis as well as their roles during acut ...201425088183
dietary differences are reflected on the gut prokaryotic community structure of wild and commercially reared sea bream (sparus aurata).we compared the gut prokaryotic communities in wild, organically-, and conventionally reared sea bream (sparus aurata) individuals. gut microbial communities were identified using tag pyrosequencing of the 16s rrna genes. there were distinct prokaryotic communities in the three different fish nutritional treatments, with the bacteria dominating over the archaea. most of the bacteria belonged to the proteobacteria, firmicutes, actinobacteria, and bacteroidetes. the number of bacterial operational ...201425066034
isolation of mast cells from the peritoneal exudate of the teleost fish gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.).inflammation is the first response of animals to infection or tissue damage. sparus aurata (perciformes) was the first fish species shown to possess histamine-containing mast cells at mucosal tissues. we report a separation protocol for obtaining highly enriched (over 95% purity) preparations of fish mast cells in high numbers (5-20 million mast cells per fish). the peritoneal exudate of s. aurata is composed of lymphocytes, acidophilic granulocytes, macrophages and mast cells. we separated the ...201425047357
alkylphenolic contaminants in the diet: sparus aurata juveniles hepatic response.a wide range of endocrine disrupter chemicals can mimic steroid hormones causing adverse health effects. nonylphenol (np) and t-octhylphenol (t-op) are man-made alkylphenolic environmental contaminants possessing controversial endocrine disruption properties. this study has investigated the effects of np and t-op enriched diets on hepatic tissue and biotransformation activities in the liver. to this aim, sea bream juveniles were fed with commercial diet enriched with three different doses of np ...201424975542
wide-gene expression analysis of lipid-relevant genes in nutritionally challenged gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).disturbances of lipid metabolism are a major problem in livestock fish and the present study analysed the different tissue expression patterns and regulations of 40 lipid-relevant genes in gilthead sea bream. nineteen sequences, including fatty acid elongases (4), phospholipases (7), acylglycerol lipases (8) and lipase-maturating enzymes (1), were new for gilthead sea bream (genbank, jx975700-jx975718jx975700jx975701jx975702jx975703jx975704jx975705jx975706jx975707jx975708jx975709jx975710jx975711 ...201424946022
urotensin ii inhibits arginine vasotocin and stimulates isotocin release from nerve endings in the pituitary of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).the aim of this in vitro study was to determine whether arginine vasotocin (avt) and isotocin (it) release from nerve endings is affected by urotensin ii (uii) in gilthead sea bream pituitary. primary cultures of pituitary cells were exposed to 10(-12), 10(-10), and 10(-8) m uii for 6, 24, and 48 hr. avt and it contents were determined in the culture media by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). uii at all doses decreased avt release after 6, 24, and 48 hr of incubation. it release was ...201424888583
igf-i and amino acids effects through tor signaling on proliferation and differentiation of gilthead sea bream cultured myocytes.skeletal muscle growth and development is controlled by nutritional (amino acids, aa) as well as hormonal factors (insulin-like growth factor, igf-i); however, how its interaction modulates muscle mass in fish is not clearly elucidated. the purpose of this study was to analyze the development of gilthead sea bream cultured myocytes to describe the effects of aa and igf-i on proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) and myogenic regulatory factors (mrfs) expression, as well as on the transduction ...201424882593
adipose tissue and liver metabolic responses to different levels of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).this study analyzes the effects of replacing dietary lipids by carbohydrates and carbohydrates by fiber on gilthead sea bream growth, as well as lipid and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue and liver over the course of a 15-week feeding trial. six different diets were formulated and fish were classified into two experimental groups sharing one diet. in the first group (ls), fish were fed four diets where lipids were reduced (23%-17%) by increasing carbohydrates (12%-28%) and, the second group ...201424875564
prevalence, morphology, and molecular analysis of serrasentis sagittifer (acanthocephala: palaeacanthocephala: rhadinorhynchidae), a parasite of the gilthead sea bream sparus aurata (sparidae).seventy specimens of the gilthead sea bream sparus aurata of the red sea were collected during the period from march to november 2013; they were dissected and examined for parasitic acanthocephalans. only 40 (57.14%) specimens were found to be naturally infected with serrasentis sagittifer belonging to family rhadinorhynchidae. the infection was recorded in the intestine, pyloric ceca, and the external surfaces of some internal organs of the infected fish. seasonally, the prevalence of infection ...201424828344
genotoxic damage of benzo[a]pyrene in cultured sea bream (sparus aurata l.) hepatocytes: harmful effects of chronic exposure.the large majority of studies on the genotoxic hazard of pahs polluted water widely applied the ena assay as versatile tool in large number of wild and farmed aquatic species. nuclear abnormalities are commonly considered to be a direct consequence of genotoxic lesions in dna macromolecule, and such evaluation might be helpful in identifying the genotoxic damage induced by the most harmful pahs such as b[a]p. regarding at the fish species subjected to aquaculture, most of the toxicological data ...201424794860
metabolic and transcriptional responses of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) to environmental stress: new insights in fish mitochondrial phenotyping.the aim of the current study was to phenotype fish metabolism and the transcriptionally-mediated response of hepatic mitochondria of gilthead sea bream to intermittent and repetitive environmental stressors: (i) changes in water temperature (t-st), (ii) changes in water level and chasing (c-st) and (iii) multiple sensory perception stressors (m-st). gene expression profiling was done using a quantitative pcr array of 60 mitochondria-related genes, selected as markers of transcriptional regulatio ...201424792819
molecular cloning, characterization and functional assessment of the myosin light polypeptide chain 2 (mylz2) promoter of farmed carp, labeo rohita.we cloned the 5'-flanking region (1.2 kb) of a muscle-specific gene, encoding myosin light chain 2 polypeptide (mylz2) of a farmed carp, labeo rohita (rohu). sequence analysis using transfac-database search identified the consensus cis acting regulatory elements of tata-box and e (canntg)-box, including the monocyte enhancer factor 2 motif, implying that it is likely to be a functional promoter. the proximal promoter (~620 bp) was highly homologous with that of danio rerio (zebrafish) as compare ...201424740361
biometric and metabolic profiles associated to different rearing conditions in offshore farmed gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.).modern multivariate methods are applied to both biometric measurements and nmr metabolic profiling of fillet to discriminate farmed gilthead sea bream reared in different farming conditions. two fish groups having the same average size, from the same farm, were caught in may and october. biometric data demonstrate that condition factor is higher for the leaner fish, sampled in may, while liver somatic index is lower in fish sampled in october. biometric features are related to metabolic changes ...201424634328
transcriptional assessment by microarray analysis and large-scale meta-analysis of the metabolic capacity of cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues to cope with reduced nutrient availability in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.).the effects of nutrient availability on the transcriptome of cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues were assessed in juvenile gilthead sea bream fed with a standard diet at two feeding levels: (1) full ration size and (2) 70 % satiation followed by a finishing phase at the maintenance ration. microarray analysis evidenced a characteristic transcriptomic profile for each muscle tissue following changes in oxidative capacity (heart > red skeletal muscle > white skeletal muscle). the transcriptome of ...201424626932
interleukin gene expression is strongly modulated at the local level in a fish-parasite model.the goal of this work was to identify interleukin (il)-related genes in the gilthead sea bream (gsb) (sparus aurata l.) and how they are modulated by the parasite enteromyxum leei, a myxozoan that causes severe enteritis with a strong inflammatory response. a blast-x search of our transcriptomic gsb database (www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb) identified 16 new sequences encompassing seven ils (il-7, il-8, il-10, il-12β, il-15, il-18, and il-34), the interleukin enhancer-binding factor 2 (ilf2) ...201424530812
circadian rhythms of gene expression of lipid metabolism in gilthead sea bream liver: synchronisation to light and feeding time.this research aimed at investigating circadian rhythm expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism in the liver of a teleost fish (sparus aurata), and their synchronisation to different light-dark (l-d) and feeding cycles. to this end, 90 gilthead sea bream were kept in 12:12 h (light:dark, ld, lights on at zt0) and fed a single daily meal at mid-light (ml = zt6), mid-darkness (md = zt18) and randomly (rd) at a 1.5% body weight ration. a total of 18 tanks were used, six tanks per feeding ...201424517141
multi-residue and multi-class determination of antibiotics in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.this paper describes a method for the determination of 41 antibiotics from seven different classes in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (uplc-ms/ms). sulfonamides, trimethoprim, tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones, penicillins and chloramphenicol were simultaneously determined. fourteen procedures for sample treatment were tested and an extraction with acetonitrile and ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid was found to b ...201424512256
endocrine regulation of carbonate precipitate formation in marine fish intestine by stanniocalcin and pthrp.in marine fish, high epithelial bicarbonate secretion by the intestine generates luminal carbonate precipitates of divalent cations that play a key role in water and ion homeostasis. in vitro studies highlight the involvement of the calciotropic hormones pthrp (parathyroid hormone-related protein) and stanniocalcin (stc) in the regulation of epithelial bicarbonate transport. the present study tested the hypothesis that calciotropic hormones have a regulatory role in carbonate precipitate formati ...201424501133
applications of self-organizing maps for ecomorphological investigations through early ontogeny of fish.we propose a new graphical approach to the analysis of multi-temporal morphological and ecological data concerning the life history of fish, which can typically serves models in ecomorphological investigations because they often undergo significant ontogenetic changes. these changes can be very complex and difficult to describe, so that visualization, abstraction and interpretation of the underlying relationships are often impeded. therefore, classic ecomorphological analyses of covariation betw ...201424466185
in vitro effect of cortisol and urotensin i on arginine vasotocin and isotocin secretion from pituitary cells of gilthead sea bream sparus aurata.this study aimed at determining whether in vitro secretion of two neuropeptides, arginine vasotocin (avt) and isotocin (it), from pituitary cells of gilthead sea bream sparus aurata was affected by cortisol and urotensin (ui). pituitary cells were exposed to 1·4 × 10(-8) , 1·4 × 10(-7) and 0·4 × 10(-6)  m cortisol and 10(-12) , 10(-10) and 10(-8)  m ui for 6, 24 and 48 h, respectively. avt and it contents were determined in the culture media by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). an i ...201424405471
mu opioid receptor in spermatozoa, eggs and larvae of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) and its involvement in stress related to aquaculture.in aquaculture, unfavourable conditions experienced during early development may have strong downstream effects on the adult phenotype and fitness. sensitivity to stress, leading to disease, reduced growth and mortality, is higher in larvae than in adult fish. in this study, conducted on sea bream (sparus aurata), we evidenced the presence of the mu opioid receptor in gametes and larvae at different developmental stages. moreover, we evaluated the possibility of reducing the effects of artificia ...201424338156
variations in the expression of vasotocin and isotocin receptor genes in the gilthead sea bream sparus aurata during different osmotic challenges.the dynamic changes in mrna expression levels for vasotocin (avt) and isotocin (it) receptor gene levels were assessed in a time-course response study in immature male specimens of the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) submitted to hyper- (55‰ salinity) and hypo-osmotic (5‰ salinity) challenges. two different cdnas for the avt receptor and one for the it receptor (v1a2-type and v2-type avtr, and itr, respectively) were cloned by screening an s. aurata brain cdna library. genes for these recepto ...201424332959
molecular cloning of four glutathione peroxidase (gpx) homologs and expression analysis during stress exposure of the marine teleost sparus aurata.glutathione peroxidase (gpx; ec 1.11.1.9) is an important family of enzymes that protects organisms from oxidative damage. four full-length gpx cdnas were cloned and characterized by rapid amplification of cdna ends polymerase chain reaction (race-pcr) from the liver of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), an economically important species for mediterranean aquaculture. structural and functional annotations were performed for all paralogs, which suggested possible differences in function and subc ...201424269721
modulation of leukocytic populations of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) by the intestinal parasite enteromyxum leei (myxozoa: myxosporea).summary the cellular mucosal and systemic effectors of gilthead sea bream (gsb) (sparus aurata) involved in the acute immune response to the intestinal parasite enteromyxum leei were studied in fish experimentally infected by the anal route. in the intestinal inflammatory infiltrates and in lymphohaematopoietic organs (head kidney and spleen) of parasitized fish, the number of plasma cells, b cells (igm immunoreactive) and mast cells (histamine immunoreactive) were significantly higher, whereas ...201424230459
dha but not epa, enhances sound induced escape behavior and mauthner cells activity in sparus aurata.dietary omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 lcpufa), eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha), have a marked effect on fish behavior. there is limited information on the mechanisms involved in this effect and its relation to neuron development and functioning. deficiency of n-3 lcpufa reduces fish escape swimming. mauthner cells (m-cell) are neurons responsible for initiating an escape response. the aim was to compare the effect of dietary dha and epa on escape ...201424184412
characterisation and expression of myogenesis regulatory factors during in vitro myoblast development and in vivo fasting in the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).the aim of this study was to characterise a primary cell culture isolated from fast skeletal muscle of the gilthead sea bream. gene expression profiles during culture maturation were compared with those obtained from a fasting-refeeding model which is widely used to modulate myogenesis in vivo. myogenesis is controlled by numerous extracellular signals together with intracellular transcriptional factors whose coordinated expression is critical for the appropriate development of muscle fibres. fu ...201424157945
tissue-specific gene expression and functional regulation of uncoupling protein 2 (ucp2) by hypoxia and nutrient availability in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata): implications on the physiological significance of ucp1-3 variants.the aim of this study was to assess in an integrative manner the physiological regulation of uncoupling protein 2 (ucp2) in gilthead sea bream. a contig of 1,325 nucleotides in length with an open reading frame of 307 amino acids was recognized as ucp2 after searches in our transcriptome reference database ( http://www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb ). gene expression mapping by quantitative real-time pcr revealed a ubiquitous profile that clearly differs from that of ucp1 and ucp3 variants with ...201424154671
biophysical evaluation of physiological effects of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) farming using ftir spectroscopy.sparus aurata is one of the two most important cultured fish species in the mediterranean region. the present work investigates the effects of culturing in s. aurata liver tissue at the molecular level using fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy. ftir spectroscopy revealed dramatic differences between the wild and aquacultured fish liver cells, which mainly indicated that the level of glycogen increased in the aquacultured samples and the protein/lipid ratio decreased by 42.29% indicati ...201424128583
in vitro characterization of acid secretion in the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) stomach.the gastric acid secretion of juvenile sparus aurata was characterized in ussing chambers; secretion rates were determined by a ph-stat method at ph5.50 and bioelectrical parameters were measured in current-clamped tissues. the basal secretion equaled to 535±87nmol·cm(-2)·h(-1). serosal carbachol 100μm produced an increase (δjh(+)) of 725±133nmol·cm(-2)·h(-1) from basal secretion, this effect being inhibited by mucosal omeprazole 100μm. basal secretion was also sensitive to the combination of se ...201424126049
a new type of lordosis and vertebral body compression in gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata l.: aetiology, anatomy and consequences for survival.a new type of vertebral malformation is described, consisting of deformed cartilaginous neural and haemal processes and the compression and fusion of vertebral bodies. the malformation is designated as haemal vertebral compression and fusion (haemal vcf). we studied the aetiology of the malformations and described microanatomical histopathological alterations. the malformations were detected during routine quality control in one of six monitored gilthead sea bream populations. haemal vcf affecte ...201424117787
implications for chronic toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene in sea bream cultured hepatocytes: cytotoxicity, inflammation, and cancerogenesis.benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p) is the most studied dangerous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon for its hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant effects, which can affect both wild and farmed marine fish through the trophic chain. this study investigated, for the first time, the chronic effects induced in vitro by b[a]p prolonged exposure on gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) hepatocytes, evaluating the cellular and nuclear latent damage. the purpose was to characterize t ...201524610634
diets labelled with (13)c-starch and (15)n-protein reveal daily rhythms of nutrient use in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).all functions in animals rely on daily rhythms, and mealtime can act as a rhythm-marker of nutrients assimilation and use. the effects of meal timing and food composition on carbohydrate use and protein retention of gilthead sea bream were studied. three groups were fed twice a day (10am and at 5pm) for two months with two alternating diets: a commercial diet (cd) and a high-carbohydrate, low-protein diet (ed). the ed/cd group received the ed diet in the morning and the cd diet in the afternoon, ...201525263129
supplementation with imuno-2865® in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata linnaeus, 1758): effects on hematological and antioxidant parameters.the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of imuno-2865(®) on hematological and antioxidative parameters in sea bream. total of 640 sea bream were fed with diets containing 0 (group 1), 1 (group 2), 10 (group 3) and 25 (group 4) g of imuno-2865(®) kg(-1) feed during 90 days. samples were taken each month and three months after the supplementation. a significant heterophils increase was observed in group 4 compared to group 1 after two months, and an increase in monocytes number was obser ...201526455665
growth-promoting effects of sustained swimming in fingerlings of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.).fish growth is strongly influenced by environmental and nutritional factors and changing culture conditions can help optimize it. the importance of early-life experience on the muscle phenotype later in life is well known. here, we study the effects of 5 weeks of moderate and sustained swimming activity (5 bl s(-1)) in gilthead sea bream during early development. we analysed growth and body indexes, plasma igf-i and gh levels, feed conversion, composition [proximate and isotopic ((15)n/(13)c)] a ...201526391594
xenobiotic-contaminated diets affect hepatic lipid metabolism: implications for liver steatosis in sparus aurata juveniles.the metabolic effects induced by feed contaminated with a lower or a higher concentration of -nonylpnenol (np), 4-tert-octylphenol (t-op) or bisphenol a (bpa), three environmental endocrine disruptors, were assessed in juvenile sea bream liver. histological analysis demonstrated that all these three xenobiotics induced hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis. these findings prompted analysis of the expression of the major molecules involved in lipid metabolism: peroxisome proliferator activated ...201526382854
impact of fishmeal replacement in diets for gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) on the gastrointestinal microbiota determined by pyrosequencing the 16s rrna gene.recent studies have demonstrated the impact of diet on microbiota composition, but the essential need for the optimization of production rates and costs forces farms and aquaculture production to carry out continuous dietary tests. in order to understand the effect of total fishmeal replacement by vegetable-based feed in the sea bream (sparus aurata), the microbial composition of the stomach, foregut, midgut and hindgut was analysed using high-throughput 16s rdna sequencing, also considering par ...201526317431
identification, phylogeny, and function of fabp2 paralogs in two non-model teleost fish species.intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein (ifabp or fabp2) is a cytosolic transporter of long-chain fatty acids, which is mainly expressed in cells of intestinal tissue. fatty acids in teleosts are an important source of energy for growth, reproduction, and swimming and a main ingredient in the yolk sac of embryos and larvae. the fabp2 paralogs, fabp2a and fabp2b, were identified for 26 teleost fish species including the paralogs for the two non-model teleost fish species, namely the gilthead sea br ...201526272429
sedative effect of 2-phenoxyethanol and essential oil of lippia alba on stress response in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).the anesthetic efficacy of the essential oil of lippia alba (eola) in sparus aurata was evaluated by induction and recovery times of anesthesia. after, specimens were exposed to anesthetics low concentrations for 4h, under nonstress or stress conditions. range 100-300 μl l(-1) eola induced anesthesia. plasmatic cortisol, glucose, lactate, and osmolality enhanced after eola exposure in the undisturbed (uf) and stressed fish (sf). lower corticotropin-releasing hormone binding-protein expression oc ...201526679791
exposure of sea bream (sparus aurata) to toxic concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene: possible human health effect.polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) can accumulate in the food chain, due to their lipophilic properties. fish can accumulate contaminants including pahs and frequent consumption of such contaminated fish can pose risk to human health. the aim of this study was to clarify if acute exposure of sea bream (sparus aurata, a fish species of great economic importance in the atlantic and mediterranean areas) to a pah, benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p), at a dose that can induce cyp1a and pathological changes ...201526232038
skin mucus proteome of gilthead sea bream: a non-invasive method to screen for welfare indicators.in teleosts, the skin mucus is the first physical barrier against physical and chemical attacks. it contains components related to metabolism, environmental influences and nutritional status. here, we study mucus and composition based on a proteome map of soluble epidermal mucus proteins obtained by 2d-electrophoresis in gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata. over 1300 spots were recorded and the 100 most abundant were further analysed by lc-ms/ms and identified by database retrieval; we also establ ...201526134830
effects of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scfos) and rearing temperature on growth performance and hepatic intermediary metabolism in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) juveniles.the effect of dietary short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scfos) incorporation on growth, feed utilization, body composition, plasmatic metabolites and liver activity of key enzymes of lipogenic and amino acid catabolic pathways was evaluated in gilthead sea bream reared at 18 and 25 °c. four practical diets containing plant ingredients and fish meal (50:50) as protein sources and supplemented with 0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 % scfos were fed to triplicate groups of fish for 8 weeks. growth performance ...201526100557
identification of isobaric lyso-phosphatidylcholines in lipid extracts of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) fillets by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution fourier-transform mass spectrometry.the numerous and varied biological roles of phosphatidylcholines (pc) and lysophosphatidylcholines (lpc) have fueled a great demand for technologies that enable rapid, in-depth structural examination of these lipids in foodstuffs. here, we describe the capabilities of a newly configured combination of high-efficiency liquid chromatography and high-resolution/accuracy fourier-transform mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (lc-esi-ftms), designed for lipidomics applications that require ...201525935670
characterization of the ifn pathway in the teleost fish gonad against vertically transmitted viral nervous necrosis virus.one of the most powerful innate immune responses against viruses is mediated by type i ifn. in teleost fish, it is known that virus infection triggers the expression of ifn and many ifn-stimulated genes, but the viral rna sensors and mediators leading to ifn production are scarcely known. thus, we have searched for the presence of these genes in gilt-head sea bream (sparus aurata) and european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax), and evaluated their expression after infection with viral nervous necr ...201525918238
characterisation and expression analysis of cathepsins and ubiquitin-proteasome genes in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) skeletal muscle.the proteolytic enzymes involved in normal protein turnover in fish muscle are also responsible for post-mortem softening of the flesh and are therefore potential determinants of product quality. the main enzyme systems involved are calpains, cathepsins, and the ubiquitin-proteasome (ubp). in this study on sparus aurata (sa), the coding sequences of cathepsins (sactsb and sactsdb) and ubp family members (san3 and saub) were cloned from fast skeletal muscle, and their expression patterns were exa ...201525880457
the toxicological impacts of some heavy metals on carbonic anhydrase from gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) gills.it is known that heavy metals have toxic effects on fish. insufficient measures are a serious problem in our country and around the world. this problem can threaten human health in areas where it is common for people to obtain nutrition from local bodies of water. in this study, the toxicological impacts of some heavy metals were investigated on carbonic anhydrase activity in gilthead gills. carbonic anhydrase (ca) was purified from gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) gills with a specific activi ...201525769102
draft genome sequences of vibrio renopiscarius strains cect 8603t and cect 8604, two marine gammaproteobacteria isolated from cultured gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).vibrio renopiscarius dcr 1-4-2(t) (cect 8603(t)) and dcr 1-4-12 (cect 8604) were isolated from healthy gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) from mediterranean fish farms (castellón, spain). their draft genome sequences (30 and 44 contigs, respectively) have 4.3 mbp and a g+c content of 45.2 mol% and contain almost 3,700 protein-encoding genes.201525767236
the influence of acute handling stress on some blood parameters in cultured sea bream (sparus aurata linnaeus, 1758).the effect of acute handling stress on haematological profile, blood glucose and lactate (secondary stress markers) in cultured sea bream sparus aurata was evaluated. sixty six sparus aurata were used and equally divided into two groups (a and b). group a was not subjected to stress, group b was subjected to acute handling stress. from each fish, biometric data and blood samples were collected to evaluate haematological profile, blood glucose and lactate. unpaired t-test student was applied to e ...201527800375
intraspecific variation in aerobic and anaerobic locomotion: gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) and trinidadian guppy (poecilia reticulata) do not exhibit a trade-off between maximum sustained swimming speed and minimum cost of transport.intraspecific variation and trade-off in aerobic and anaerobic traits remain poorly understood in aquatic locomotion. using gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) and trinidadian guppy (poecilia reticulata), both axial swimmers, this study tested four hypotheses: (1) gait transition from steady to unsteady (i.e., burst-assisted) swimming is associated with anaerobic metabolism evidenced as excess post exercise oxygen consumption (epoc); (2) variation in swimming performance (critical swimming speed; ...201525741285
effects of dietary next enhance®150 on growth performance and expression of immune and intestinal integrity related genes in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.).gilthead sea bream juveniles were fed different doses (0, 50, 100, 200, 300 ppm) of next enhance®150 (ne) for 9 weeks. feed gain ratio (fgr) was improved by a 10% with all the doses, but feed intake decreased in a dose dependent manner. the optimum inclusion level to achieve maximum growth was set at 100 ppm. the hepatosomatic index did not vary and only at the highest dose, viscerosomatic and splenosomatic indexes were significantly decreased. no significant changes were found in haematological ...201525681752
vasotocin and isotocin regulate aquaporin 1 function in the sea bream.aquaporins (aqps) are specific transmembrane water channels with an important function in water homeostasis. in terrestrial vertebrates, aqp2 function is regulated by vasopressin (avp) to accomplish key functions in osmoregulation. the endocrine control of aquaporin function in teleosts remains little studied. therefore, in this study we investigated the regulatory role of vasotocin (avtr) and isotocin (itr) receptors in aqp1 paralog gene function in the teleost gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata ...201525573823
spray-dried plasma promotes growth, modulates the activity of antioxidant defenses, and enhances the immune status of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) fingerlings.terrestrial animal byproduct meals, including nonruminant blood meal and blood products, represent the largest and largely untapped safe source of animal protein available within the international market for the aquafeed industry. spray-dried blood and spray-dried plasma (sdp) proteins have long been recognized as high-quality feed ingredients for farmed animals. in this study, we evaluated the inclusion of sdp from porcine blood (sdpp) in growing diets for gilthead sea bream. three isonitrogeno ...201525568376
pthrp regulates water absorption and aquaporin expression in the intestine of the marine sea bream (sparus aurata, l.).water ingestion by drinking is fundamental for ion homeostasis in marine fish. however, the fluid ingested requires processing to allow net water absorption in the intestine. the formation of luminal carbonate aggregates impacts on calcium homeostasis and requires epithelial hco3(-) secretion to enable water absorption. in light of its endocrine importance in calcium handling and the indication of involvement in hco3(-) secretion the present study was designed to expose the role of the parathyro ...201525562629
avt and it regulate ion transport across the opercular epithelium of killifish (fundulus heteroclitus) and gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).the regulatory role of arginine vasotocin (avt) and isotocin (it) in cl(-) secretion was investigated with the short circuit current (isc) technique in opercular epithelia of killifish (fundulus heteroclitus) and gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata). sea bream operculum showed ~4-fold lower number of na/k-atpase immunoreactive cells and ~12-fold lower secretory current than the killifish. in sea bream opercular membranes, the basolateral addition of avt (10(-6) m) significantly stimulated cl(-) se ...201525536332
cortisol modulates vasotocinergic and isotocinergic pathways in the gilthead sea bream.in the present study, we assessed the responses of the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems to chronic stress induced by cortisol administration in the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata). pituitary and plasma arginine vasotocin (avt) and isotocin (it) levels, as well as hypothalamic pro-vasotocin (pro-vt) and pro-isotocin (pro-it) mrna expression levels, were analysed. in addition, the mrna levels of three receptors, avtr type v1a2, avtr type v2 and itr, were analysed in several target organ ...201525524977
acclimation to different environmental salinities induces molecular endocrine changes in the gh/igf-i axis of juvenile gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.).to assess the role of the gh/igf-i axis in osmotic acclimation of the gilthead seabream sparus aurata, juvenile specimens were acclimated to four environmental salinities: hyposmotic (5 ‰), isosmotic (12 ‰) and hyperosmotic (40 and 55 ‰). the full-length cdnas for both pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (pacap) and prepro-somatostatin-i (pss-i), the precursor for mature somatostatin-i (ss-i), were cloned. hypothalamic pacap and pss-i, hypophyseal growth hormone (gh) and prolactin (pr ...201525395251
vibrio renipiscarius sp. nov., isolated from cultured gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).two strains of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, slightly halophilic bacteria, isolated from healthy gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) cultured in spanish mediterranean fish farms, were different from their closest relatives, vibrio scophthalmi and v. ichthyoenteri, by phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic standards. the strains were negative for decarboxylase tests and lacked extracellular hydrolytic activities, but were able to ferment d-mannitol, sucrose, cellobiose and d-gluconate, amo ...201525795068
a synthetic peptide derived from the d1 domain of flagellin induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in fish macrophages.flagellin is the main protein component of flagellum in gram negative and positive bacteria, and it is also the ligand that activates the toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5) in fish and mammals. in higher vertebrates, flagellin induces the activation of the membrane-bound tlr5 (tlr5m), which promotes the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and other immunological functions. we have previously reported that recombinant flagellin from vibrio anguillarum and its nd1 domain are able to u ...201526363237
effects of recombinant flagellin b and its nd1 domain from vibrio anguillarum on macrophages from gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, w.).flagellin is the principal component of flagellum in gram negative and positive bacteria, and it is also the ligand that activates the toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5) in mammals and fish. in higher vertebrates, flagellin induces the activation of the membrane-bound tlr5 (tlr5m), which promotes the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and the co-stimulatory molecules present in antigen-presenting cells needed for the activation of t cells. in the present study, we report the product ...201525449380
draft genome sequences of vibrio alginolyticus strains v1 and v2, opportunistic marine pathogens.we announce the draft genome sequences of vibrio alginolyticus strains v1 and v2, isolated from juvenile sparus aurata and dentex dentex, respectively, during outbreaks of vibriosis. the genome sequences are 5,257,950 bp with a g+c content of 44.5% for v. alginolyticus v1 and 5,068,299 bp with a g+c content of 44.8% for strain v2. these genomes provide further insights into the putative virulence factors, prophage carriage, and evolution of this opportunistic marine pathogen.201526139724
streptococcus iniae in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata, l.) and red porgy (pagrus pagrus, l.): ultrastructural analysis.streptococcosis caused by streptococcus iniae has become one of the most serious marine and freshwater aquatic diseases in the past decade, causing large losses in farmed and wild fish worldwide. in this study, we performed an ultrastructural study of major lesions in gilthead seabream sparus aurata and red porgy pagrus pagrus experimentally infected with the s. iniae iusa-1 strain, isolated in a natural outbreak in spain in the mentioned species. the transmission electron micrographs revealed t ...201524496225
modulation of immunity and gut microbiota after dietary administration of alginate encapsulated shewanella putrefaciens pdp11 to gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.).the potential benefits of probiotics when administering to fish could improve aquaculture production. the objective of this study was to examine the modulation of immune status and gut microbiota of gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) specimens by a probiotic when administered encapsulated. commercial diet was enriched with shewanella putrefaciens pdp11 (sppdp11, at a concentration of 10(8) cfu g(-1)) before being encapsulated in calcium alginate beads. fish were fed non-supplemented (control) ...201526003737
strong effect of long-term sparicotyle chrysophrii infection on the cellular and innate immune responses of gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata.one thousand healthy recipient gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata, cohabited with 250 donor fish parasitized by sparicotyle chrysophrii (van beneden and hesse, 1963) (monogenea: polyopisthocotylea), a common parasite of the gills of this fish species. controls consisted of 1000 healthy fish kept in a separate tank. after 10 weeks, fish were weighed and parasite load, hemoglobin concentration and immunological parameters were assessed. rather than the absence of parasite, hemoglobin concentration ...201525825219
post-treatment of biologically treated wastewater containing organic contaminants using a sequence of h2o2 based advanced oxidation processes: photolysis and catalytic wet oxidation.in this paper the feasibility of a multi-barrier treatment (mbt) for the regeneration of synthetic industrial wastewater (siww) was evaluated. industrial pollutants (orange ii, phenol, 4-chlorophenol and phenanthrene) were added to the effluent of municipal wastewater treatment plant. the proposed mbt begins with a microfiltration membrane pretreatment (mf), followed by hydrogen peroxide photolysis (h2o2/uvc) and finishing, as a polishing step, with catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (cwpo) using ...201525600300
mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 (prx3) from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): immune responses and role of recombinant prx3 in protecting cells from hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress.pathogenic infections and environmental factors cause a variety of stresses in fish including oxidative stress by rapid elevation of reactive oxygen species (ros) and reactive nitrogen species (rns). transcriptional activation and expression of antioxidant enzymes are essential for reducing the oxidative stress. in this study, we present the molecular characterization, immune responses and ros scavenging activity of mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 from oplegnathus fasciatus (rbprx3). coding sequen ...201525542382
population dynamics of two diplectanid species (monogenea) parasitising sparid hosts (sparidae).economically important sparid fish species, gilthead (sparus aurata) and white seabream (diplodus sargus) (sparidae) are frequently parasitised by diplectanid monogeneans, known to induce severe losses in farming conditions. we have analysed population dynamic of two diplectanid species, lamellodiscus echeneis and lamellodiscus ignoratus (monogenea: diplectanidae) collected from two bream species in the beymelek lagoon (southwest coast of turkey), comparing it between different host variables (f ...201525563608
molecular identification of hysterothylacium aduncum specimens isolated from commercially important fish species of eastern mediterranean sea using mtdna cox1 and its rdna gene sequences.the presence of a raphidascarid parasitic nematode hysterothylacium aduncum (rudolphi, 1802) in two sparid fish (sparus aurata and diplodus vulgaris) and one soleid fish (solea solea) was investigated in this study. a total of 868 individuals; 385 s. aurata, 437 d. vulgaris and 46 s. solea were collected from the mersin bay between february 2013 and january 2014 and examined. variations in the prevalence, mean intensity, and mean abundance of the parasite were 14.55%, 2.05, and 0.30 for s. aurat ...201525543079
synergistic effects in the antiviral activity of the three mx proteins from gilthead seabream (sparus aurata).due to their direct antiviral activity, mx proteins play a main role in the response mediated by type i interferon against viral infections. the study on gilthead seabream mx proteins is especially interesting, since this species is unusually resistant to viral diseases, being asymptomatic carrier of several viruses pathogenic to other fish species. gilthead seabream has three mx proteins (mx1, mx2 and mx3) that, separately, display antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses, showing int ...201526319936
immunization of sea bream (sparus aurata) juveniles against photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida by short bath: effect on some pro-inflammatory molecules and the mx gene expression.cytokines are a family of proteins derived from macrophages, lymphocytes, granulocytes, mast cells and epithelial cells and can be divided into interferons (ifns), interleukins (ils) and tumor necrosis factors (tnfs) among others. the presence of cytokines in a wide number of fish species has been proved and several molecules types have been already cloned and sequenced. in this work some proinflamatory molecules and mx gene were detected in the liver of vaccinated sea bream juveniles with an av ...201526118933
development and application of a real-time pcr assay for the detection and quantitation of lymphocystis disease virus.lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is responsible for a chronic self-limiting disease that affects more than 125 teleosts. viral isolation of lcdv is difficult, time-consuming and often ineffective; the development of a rapid and specific tool to detect and quantify lcdv is desirable for both diagnosis and pathogenic studies. in this study, a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay was developed using a sybr-green-based assay targeting a highly conserved region of the mcp gene. primers were desig ...201525522921
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