Publications

helminth parasites of fisher martes pennanti (erxleben) from manitoba, canada.	seven species of helminths were recovered during a survey of 162 fisher (martes pennanti) from four areas of manitoba: baylisascaris devosi in 52 fisher; taenia sibirica in 25; physaloptera sp. in nine; alaria mustelae in two; metorchis conjunctus in one; trichinella spiralis in one of 81; molineus sp. in one. b. devosi was the most prevalent parasite and differences in its geographical distribution were possibly related to population density of fisher. the prevalence of other parasites did not ...	1979	574167
[specialization of the ovocytic endoplasmic reticulum near the contact of the hind gut in trichinella spiralis (author's transl)].	in trichinella spiralis, the bigger ovocytes show contacts with the cuticula of the hind gut. near these contacts, the ovocytic endoplasmic reticulum is hypertrophied. this device is described with details and compared to that one of the stichocytes; its possible role is discussed.	1979	575472
relationship between the antitrichinellous effect of seven derivates of benzimidazolecarbamates and their chemical structure.	the efficacy of seven more recently developed anthelmintics of the benzimidazolecarbamate group, i. e., parbendazole, mebendazole, fenbendazole, oxibendazole, cambendazole, oxfendazole and albendazole, has been tested in a series of experiments on white mice artifically infected with trichinella spiralis. our results disclosed a relationship between their anthelmintic effect and their chemical structure. this finding might be of importance in a targeted synthesis of new, effective, derivates of ...	1979	583335
trichinella spiralis: correlates in vitro of altered immune responsiveness in mice.		1979	156123
identification and distribution of swine serum immunoglobins that react with trichinella spiralis antigens and may interfere with the enzyme-labeled antibody test for trichinosis.	sera from trichinella spiralis digestion-negative swine contained variable amounts of two immunoglobins that reacted with t spiralis antigen in the indirect enzyme-labeled antibody test for trichinosis. one of these immunoglobins, detected by heavy chain-specific anti-swine immunoglobulin g (igg) conjugate, was removed by absorption with t spiralis larvae. a second immunoglobin, detected by heavy chain-specific anti-swine igm, was not removed by absorption with t spiralis larvae and increased in ...	1979	160765
basophils and eosinophils in three strains of rats and in athymic (nude) rats following infection with the nematodes nippostrongylus brasiliensis or trichinella spiralis.	a previous report showed that infection with the nematode nippostrongylus brasiliensis stimulates a basophilia as well as an eosinophilia in the blood of august rats. the present study shows that blood levels of basophils and eosinophils were increased in two other rat strains, one inbred and one outbred, after infection with n. brasiliensis, and infection of two inbred rat strains with trichinella spiralis also stimulated a basophilia as well as an eosinophilia. no increase occurred in basophil ...	1980	6449471
[comparison between trichinella spiralis and t. nativa according to the immunological criteria].		1980	6771509
effect of experimental trichinosis on intestinal secretion and on local antibody formation to cholera toxin.	the life cycle of trichinella spiralis, a parasitic nematode, has three main stages: intestinal, migration and muscular stage. the present study was initiated to clarify the possible effects of the various stages of the infection on (a) enterotoxin induced intestinal secretion and (b) development of local immunity to cholera toxin. during the intestinal stage of trichinosis in mice challenge of ligated loops with cholera toxin gave rise to significantly greater fluid accumulation than was demons ...	1980	6937981
differential regulation of spleen cell-mediated eosinophil and neutrophil-macrophage production.	nonadherent spleen cells of mice infected with trichinella spiralis released growth stimulatory factors (gsfs) in vitro when challenged with excretory/secretory products of muscle stage larvae. the assay of gsf was based on proliferation of normal, nonadherent syngeneic marrow cells in liquid tube cultures. media conditioned for 1 day by challenged spleen cells stimulated eosinophil production but failed to stimulate production of other cell types. in contrast, media conditioned for 5 days suppo ...	1980	6965591
phospholipase b activity in congenitally athymic (nude) mice infected with trichinella spiralis.	the effects of an infection with 200 trichinella spiralis larvae on the intestinal phospholipase b activity and bone marrow eosinophilia of congenitally athymic (nude) mice (balb/c; nu/nu) were studied. nude mice were used since it had been shown that they do not undergo a typical worm expulsion and also they lack a thymus. the results showed that nude mice do not develop either an increased bone marrow eosinophilia or an elevation in intestinal phospholipase b activity. the findings thus suppor ...	1980	6966111
responses of b-cells to mitogens and antigen in mice receiving isogenic splenocytes from animals treated with trichinella extract.	splenocytes of c57bl/6j mice injected with a trichinella spiralis larval extract for 7 consecutive days were transferred in two doses into isogenic, immunocompetent mice. on the 3rd day, some recipients were immunized with 10(9) sheep red blood cells and others were killed to investigate blastogenic response of their splenocytes to concanavalin a (con a), escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps), and mycobacterium's purified protein derivative (ppd). on the 8th day of immunization, the correspo ...	1980	6970260
immunological aspects of some parasitic infections.	in this review article, some recent developments in the immunology of parasitic infections are presented. after an introduction in which the major human parasitic infectious diseases, including malaria, african and american trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, filariasis an schistosomiasis are mentioned, a description of the host/parasite relationship in malaria presented. the possibility for the development of vaccins against malaria are described. the close relation between the immunological respon ...	1980	6999658
native trichinosis in wild rodents in henrico county, virginia.	encapsulated larvae of trichinella spiralis were found in wild-trapped, microtus pennsylvanicus and sigmodon hispidus. in addition, peromyscus leucopus and mus musculus again were found infected. these mammals were trapped from a farm site in henrico county, virginia, remote from known potential sources of trichinosis. the possible zoonotic relationship between wild rodent trichinosis and swine trichinosis is discussed.	1980	7001047
the micro-elisa for antibodies to trichinella spiralis: elimination of false positive reactions by antigen fractionation and technical improvements.		1980	7013373
[trichinosis].	in spite of a decreased occurrence of trichinella spiralis with pigs and wild boars in the federal republic of germany raw or underdone pork is the primary source of infection for man. but as the epidemic of ebermannstadt has shown, trichinelliasis occasionally occurs nowadays. besides, there is a danger of infection when travelling to countries with insufficient meat hygiene. after initial enteritis the characteristic symptomatology appears: facial edemas, myalgia, fever, and hypereosinophilia. ...	1980	7191393
genetic control of immunity to parasites: adoptive transfer of immunity between inbred strains of mice characterized by rapid and slow immune expulsion of trichinella spiralis.	adoptive transfer of immunity with immune mesenteric lymph node cells (imlnc) was used to analyse the roles of immune and inflammatory events in determining the strain-characteristic time of expulsion of trichinella spiralis from mice. transfer of imlnc within and between three rapidly responding strains (nih, swr, dba1-all h-2q) resulted in accelerated worm expulsion, worm loss commencing before day 8 in each case. when nih cells were transferred to slow-responder b10 congenic mice (b10g-h-2q) ...	1980	7194468
euparal as a permanent mounting medium for helminth eggs and proglottids.	the importance of euparal as a permanent mounting medium for eggs of parasites and the process of making permanent slides are analyzed and discussed in detail. studies show that helminth eggs mounted in euparal exhibit excellent optical and drying properties. euparal also can be used to identify proglottids of taenia species and to examine for the presence of trichinella spiralis in suspicious muscle biopsies.	1980	7196920
a comparison of the anthelmintic effects of oxfendazole and oxibendazole on trichinella spiralis in mice.	oxfendazole was shown to be a very potent agent in killing trichinella spiralis. a single dose of 1.6 mg/kg per os killed 99% of preadults. adults were much more resistant; 25 mg/kg killed 56%, even 3,200 mg/kg only killed 94%. developing and encysted muscle larvae were also killed; 7 x 50 mg/kg killed 99% and 98%, respectively. oxibendazole was less effective. 6.25 mg/kg killed 99% of preadults, and 3,200 mg/kg killed only 69% of adults. although oxibendazole also killed developing and encysted ...	1980	7218114
changes in intestinal fluid transport and immune responses to enterotoxins due to concomitant parasitic infection.	the effect of a parasitic infection on enterotoxic diarrhea and on local and systemic formation of antibody to the toxin after immunization was studied in mice. trichinella spiralis infection was chosen as the model, since the effects of the parasite when residing in both intestinal and extraintestinal sites can be studied. it was found that during the intestinal stage of the infection, the fluid response to cholera toxin as well as dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine 3',5' -monophosphate was greatly enh ...	1980	7228388
modulation of particle uptake in trichinella spiralis-infected mice.	mice were infected with 170 trichinella spiralis larvae, and their blood clearance of carbon particles was studied 4, 7, 13, 32, and 135 days later and compared with that of noninfected control mice. clearance in mice with a 4-day-old infection was comparable to that in the controls; clearances in mice with 7- and 13-day-old infections were increasingly accelerated and significantly different from that in the controls; clearances in mice with 32- and 135-day old infections were proportionally in ...	1980	7228390
host defense mechanisms against trichinella spiralis infection in the mouse: eosinophil-mediated destruction of newborn larvae in vitro.		1980	7350232
mebendazole therapy of parenteral trichinellosis.	mebendazole was highly effective against the helminth parasite trichinella spiralis in mice subjected to a 3-day course of treatment during the invasive and encystment phases of experimental trichinellosis. when treatment began either 2 or 4 weeks after the mice were inoculated with parasites, the number of larvae developing in the host musculature was greatly reduced by twice-daily oral administration of 3.125, 6.25, or 12.5 milligrams of mebendazole per kilogram of body weight.	1980	7355285
survival of trichinella spiralis larvae in deep-frozen wolf tissue.		1980	7363256
trichinella spiralis: comparison with an arctic isolate.		1980	7364011
surface morphology of trichinella spiralis by scanning electron microscopy.	the surface morphology of larval and adult trichinella spiralis was studied by scanning electron microsocopy (sem) of fixed, dried, and metal-coated specimens. the results are compared with those found earlier by various investigators using light and transmission electron microscopy. some morphological features reported here are revealed uniquely by sem. these include the pores of the cephalic sense organs, the character of secondary cuticular folds, variations of the hypodermal gland cell openi ...	1980	7365639
chemical attraction in the genus trichinella.	chemical attraction in the genus trichinella was studied in vitro. male adult worms of trichinella spiralis, t. spiralis var. pseudospiralis, and trichinella sp. isolate (polar bear isolate) were attracted to females of their own isolates. the intensity of heterosexual chemical attraction between t. spiralis and the trichinella sp. isolate was similar, whereas t. spiralis var. pseudospiralis males were attracted less by either t. spiralis or the trichinella sp. isolate females. female worms of a ...	1980	7365640
studies on in vitro larvaposition by adult trichinella spiralis.		1980	7365641
trichinella spiralis infection in animals genetically selected for high and low antibody production. studies on intestinal pathology.	specific antibody response and histopathological changes in the small intestine were studied in mice genetically selected for high and low antibody production (hl and ll, respectively) after oral infection with 50 muscle larvae of trichinella spiralis. specific antibody response, measured during the first 20 days after infection in the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis assay and the immunofluorescence test was high in hl and low in ll mice. the response of macrophages, intestinal mast cells, globule ...	1980	7372360
immunity to trichinella spiralis in irradiated mice.		1980	7372390
trichinella thrives in both oxidative and glycolytic human muscle fibres.	in a deltoid biopsy from a severe case of human trichinosis the larvae of trichinella spiralis did not exhibit any predilection for any particular fibre type. type i and type ii fibres were involved with a frequency proportionate to their distribution in the muscle sampled.	1980	7373326
[evaluation of helminth intradermal tests in comparison to coproovoscopic surveys].	1600 subjects connected with mining were divided into 6 groups and examined because of intestinal parasites. there were: surface miners underground miners, retired miners and two groups of school-children up to 14 years old and from 14-17 years old, and persons not connected with the miners' work. the one control group consisted of 150 persons with negative coproscopical investigations, the other consisted of 112 persons, who were clinically healthy. the coproscopical investigations, morphologic ...	1980	7377624
hypereosinophilia in rats with trichinella spiralis infections.		1980	7378271
effects of the host immune response on the longevity, fecundity and position in the intestine of trichinella spiralis in mice.	in female nih strain mice, expulsion of a primary infection of the nematode trichinella spiralis began on day 8 and was virtually complete by day 14 of infection. in secondary and tertiary infections, the number of larvae which established in the intestine was normal, but expulsion began on day 6 and was complete on day 10. in a primary infection the shedding of larvae by female worms began on day 5, reached its peak on days 6--7, began to decrease on day 8 and was minimal by day 10. in secondar ...	1980	7383709
immunologically mediated, non-specific interactions between the intestinal phases of trichinella spiralis and nippostrongylus brasiliensis in the mouse.	interactions between infections of trichinella spiralis and nippostrongylus brasiliensis were studied in the nih strain of mouse which is known to react strongly to t. spiralis. the course of n. brasiliensis infection in this strain of mouse is described and expulsion is shown to be accelerated in immunized mice and inhibited in cortisone-treated mice. there was no evidence of inter-specific competition between the two species of worm in concurrent infections; the number and location of adults o ...	1980	7383710
phospholipase b levels in fecal pellets from mice infected with trichinella spiralis, hymenolepis nana, and schistosoma mansoni.	fecal pellets of mice infected with trichinella spiralis, hymenolepis nana, and schistosoma mansoni have been found to contain high levels of phospholipase b activity. the rise, time course and decline of the enzymatic content of the pellets correlate with the known patterns of intestinal injury and reaction due to the parasites or their eggs. treatment with drugs (thiabendazole, niclosamide, niridazole) which are effective in suppressing the infection also prevents the rise, or causes an early ...	1980	7386719
eimeria nieschulzi and trichinella spiralis: analysis of concurrent infection in the rat.		1980	7389855
systemic anti-inflammatory effect associated with enteric trichinellosis in the rat.	the hypothesis tested was that enteric parasites that induce local inflammation in their host suppress inflammatory reactions at distant sites. a technique was developed to demonstrate, quantitatively, such an anti-inflammatory component. the systemic antiphlogistic effect produced by the intestinal stages of trichinella spiralis was studied and compared with that caused by dexamethasone, a synthetic adrenocortical steroid. inflammation was measured (dry weight, protein content, myeloperoxidase ...	1980	7391884
intestinal distribution of trichinella spiralis in rats.	intestinal distribution of trichinella spiralis was studied in mature and suckling sprague-dawley rats. position of trichinella along the small intestine was defined by a median value for the population. a range, 90% of total population, gave a relatively precise determination of microhabitat width. the normal position of trichinella following an oral infection is in the duodenum, but position of trichinella in mature rats is more anterior than position of trichinella in suckling rats. intestina ...	1980	7391890
[frequency and significance of parasitic infections in refugees from vietnam (author's transl)].	in the course of the medical care which is provided for the refugees from southeast asia 100 persons were tested for intestinal parasites (helminths and protozoa). in addition serum samples were obtained from 72 of these and tested in several tests (cft, fat, iha and sft) using antigens of entamoeba histolytica, leishmania donovani, toxoplasma gondii, schistosoma spp., fasciola hepatica, echinococcus spp., trichinella spiralis and litomosoides carinii. in 49 persons infections with one, two or ...	1980	7395245
requirement for two discrete stimuli for induction of the intestinal rapid expulsion response against trichinella spiralis in rats.	rats subjected to a 7-day abbreviated enteral infection with trichinella spiralis subsequently reject more than 90% of a challenge infection within 24 h. this process is known as rapid expulsion. in these experiments parabiotic rats were used to examine the factors that establish rapid expulsion in the intestine. induction with low to moderate doses of worms required exposure to two separate stimuli. these initiated different responses; one was readily transferred between parabiotic rats, wherea ...	1980	7399701
rapid expulsion of trichinella spiralis: coinduction by using antigenic extracts of larvae and intestinal stimulation with an unrelated parasite.	the injection of cell-free extracts of larval trichinella spiralis with freund complete adjuvant immunized rats against a challenge infection with t. spiralis. protection was expressed by a reduction of adult worms in the intestines 8 days after a challenge infection. the quantitatively more important rapid expulsion reaction could also be produced by immunization with antigen, provided immunized rats were also given an intestinal priming infection with adult trichinella spiralis or an unrelated ...	1980	7399702
concurrent infections of trichinella spiralis and toxoplasma gondii in mice.	concurrent infections with two parasites: a nematode, trichinella spiralis, and a protozoon. toxoplasma gondii, were investigated. antibody production (total immunoglobulin and igm) was similar in double and single infections. however, the number of toxoplasma cysts in the brains of mice infected with trichinella and challenged 1-6 weeks later with toxoplasma was higher than in mice infected with toxoplasma alone, while mice infected with toxoplasma and challenged 4-14 days later with trichinel ...	1980	7415416
preliminary studies on the course of a trichinella spiralis infection in athymic, nude rats.		1980	7420247
distribution of trichinella spiralis in muscles of the mouse.		1980	7420250
changing proteins on the surface of a parasitic nematode.	most of the organisms of the phylum nematoda are free living, but some are animal or plant parasites of major importance to man. during their life cycle all nematodes undergo a series of moults in which they shed an external cuticle, consisting of an outermost membrane-like layer of unknown composition and a series of fibrillar layers similar to collagens. because of this structure, the cuticle has been viewed as an acellular exoskeleton with rather inert molecular components. however, observati ...	1980	7422005
altered lysophospholipase b responsiveness in lactating mice infected with intestinal nematode parasites.	lactating and nulliparous outbred swiss (cf-1 strain) mice were infected at 12-16 weeks of age with nippostrongylus brasiliensis or trichinella spiralis. lysophospholipase b levels in the intestinal tissue and faecal pellets were greatly in infected lactating mice in contrast to infected nulliparous mice. correlated with these depressions in lysophospholipase levels were markedly reduced numbers of bone-marrow eosinophils in infected lactating mice. although the peak levels of lysophospholipase ...	1980	7422360
study of the kinetics of globule leucocytes in the intestinal epithelium of rats after single or double infection with trichinella spiralis.	in a previous study we suggested that intestinal globule leucocytes (gl) in the mouse represent a cell population independent of the intestinal mast cells (imc). in this paper we examined the interdependence of imc and gl in the rat and also the kinetics of gl in the intestinal epithelium. for this purpose rats received a single or double infection with the nematode trichinella spiralis. after the double infection worms were rapidly expelled. the numbers of imc and gl were related to the degree ...	1980	7426383
regional blood flow and the localization of lymphoblasts in the small intestine of the mouse. ii. the effects of a primary enteric infection with trichinella spiralis.	the localization of 125i-udr-labelled mesenteric lymph node cells in the small intestine and the fraction of the cardiac output delivered to this organ in mice has been examined. concurrent measurements of these two phenomena in normal animals showed that there was a significant correlation between the localization of lymphoblasts and the distribution of regional blood flow along the small intestine. in mice undergoing enteric infection with trichinella spiralis, however, the nature of the conne ...	1980	7461718
concurrent infections of hymenolepis diminuta and trichinella spiralis in the rat intestine.	the intestinal distribution of trichinella spiralis and hymenolepis diminuta in rats was studied in single and concurrent infections. results showed that the location of t. spiralis was not significantly changed in concurrent infections, but higher populations of t. spiralis in single and concurrent infections resulted in a posterior shift in position. trichinella spiralis affected h. diminuta distribution significantly by causing a posterior shift in the position of scoleces and biomass and a l ...	1980	7463246
the nonrandom, negative binomial distribution of experimental trichinellosis in rabbits.	the distribution of parasite populations in their hosts has been the subject of a number of mathematical analyses and it has been found that these distributions are generally nonrandom and overdispersed. data on the recovery of trichinella spiralis in the laboratory from 371 outbred rabbits were examined. the distribution of their parasite burden was overdispersed and best fit by a negative binomial frequency distribution. the intensity of the infections was almost totally independent of the dos ...	1980	7463249
[ultrastructural study of oogenesis in trichinella spiralis (author's transl)].	the ultrastructural study of oogenesis in t. spiralis makes it possible to subdivide the oocytic growth into 2 phases: a first phase is characterized by an intense nucleolar activity and the transfer of nuclear material to the cytoplasm; a second phase during which the cytoplasmic mass increases and energy reserves (glycogen, lipids) appear. the oocyte does not contain any protein vitellus.	1980	7469309
effect of trichinella spiralis infection on the experimental amebic liver abscess in hamsters.	the development of experimental amebic liver abscess in hamsters was inhibited by a previous infection with the nematode parasite trichinella spiralis, such that liver abscesses were present in 26% of hamsters with t. spiralis infection and in 80% of t. spiralis-free controls. the protective effect of t. spiralis infection is believed to be exerted through a non-specific activation of cellular immunity, with macrophages as probable effector cells.	1980	7469639
lymphocytotoxicity of mouse sera in the course of experimental infection with trichinella spiralis and trichinella pseudospiralis.		1980	7272822
reactivity of lymphocytes in germfree and conventional mice infected with trichinella spiralis.		1980	7272823
scanning electron microscope studies in the small intestine epithelium of germfree and conventional mice after infection with trichinella spiralis.		1980	7272829
macrophage migration inhibition test in germfree and conventional mice infected with trichinella spiralis larvae.		1980	7272830
haematological changes evoked by trichinella spiralis as an index of the course of trichinellosis in germfree and conventional mice.		1980	7272831
the reaction of mouse muscle cells during simultaneous trichinella spiralis and trichinella pseudospiralis infection.		1980	7246268
immunological aspects of some parasitic infections.	summary in this review article, some recent developments in the immunology of parasitic infections are presented. after an introduction in which the major human parasitic infectious diseases, including malaria, african and american trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, filariasis an schistosomiasis are mentioned, a description of the host / parasite relationship in malaria presented. the possibility for the development of vaccins against malaria are described. the close relation between the immunol ...	1980	22039938
recovery of eosinophils from the peritoneal cavity of the guinea pig.	we studied the effects of various conditions on the recovery of eosinophils from the peritoneal cavity of guinea pigs repeatedly lavaged with saline. we compared the effects of ether and halothane on eosinophil production in guinea pigs either lavaged with saline alone or receiving an injection of polymyxin b before saline lavage. with both anesthetics polymyxin b caused a rapid and consistent increase in eosinophil production, although neutrophils were present. with halothane anesthesia, saline ...	1981	7264308
the effects of host sex and hormones on trichinella spiralis in the mouse.	the effects of host's sex and hormones on the number of adult trichinella spiralis in the small intestine, the number of migratory larvae produced in vitro by adult female worms, and the number of muscle larvae per gram of body weight were examined in cd-1 swiss white mice. nongonadectomized (intact) male mice housed greater numbers of adult worms and a greater number of muscle larvae per gram of body weight than did intact female mice. adult female worms isolated from intact male mice deposited ...	1981	7264840
immunopathological changes in the kidneys of mice experimentally infected with trichinella spiralis.		1981	7299149
comparative analysis of mobility and ultrastructure of intramuscular larvae of trichinella spiralis and trichinella pseudospiralis.	the muscle phase of trichinella spiralis and trichinella pseudospiralis was studied by using scanning electron microscope techniques, closed circuit television, and video tape recording. the complete absence of any cyst structure including the pseudocapsule allows t. pseudospiralis to move freely between the muscle layers. its rate of activity, measured as distance moved between two points, was 2.83 mm/min compared to that of the encysted t. spiralis larvae which was 0.237 mm/min. there was an a ...	1981	7299578
chemical attraction in the absence of worm-mediated tactile behavior in trichinella spiralis.	in vitro chemical attraction of trichinella spiralis was studied using as migrators individual male or female worms. both male and female worms exhibited a dose-dependent behavior at target doses of 20 to 80 worms, no significant differences in response at doses of 80 to 200 worms, and an inhibition of movement at doses of 200 to 400 worms. single males were attracted less to a mixture of males and females as the source of pheromone than single males to a female source. single females did not mo ...	1981	7299579
partial purification and characterization of protection-inducing antigens from the muscle larva of trichinella spiralis by molecular sizing chromatography and preparative flatbed isoelectric focusing.	the soluble portion of a large particle fraction which was derived from the muscle larva of t. spiralis was subjected to molecular sizing column chromatography using sephacryl s-200. five major peaks of 280 nm absorbing material were obtained. analysis by immunoelectrophoresis revealed that each peak contained antigens, with the majority of them occurring in peaks 3, 4 and 5. preliminary studies indicated that peak 4(mol. wt range 20 000--10 000) contained protection-inducing antigens. crossed-i ...	1981	7301410
the effect of trichinella spiralis on the rate of clearance of 51cr-labelled sheep red blood cells and 125i-polyvinyl pyrrolidone from the bloodstream of mice.	mice infected for one to eight weeks with trichinella spiralis cleared either 51cr-labelled sheep red blood cells (srbc) or 125i-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (pvp) given intravenously. pvp was cleared more rapidly from the blood of mice infected for one week than from uninfected mice with older infections which behaved in a similar manner to the controls. srbc were consistently cleared faster from the blood of mice infected for one week than from normal mice. if the infections were older than this a mo ...	1981	7310111
characterization of surface antigens of trichinella spiralis infective larvae.	infective larvae of trichinella spiralis were surface-labelled with radioactive iodine, and the products were characterized biochemically and immunochemically. the labelled material was restricted to two basic subunits: a lentil lectin-adherent glycoprotein (gp), mol. wt 47k, and a lentil lectin-nonadherent protein fraction (p), mol. wt 55k. both of these form homologous dimers through as yet unspecified covalent bonds to yield gp90 and p105. gp is further polymerized into higher molecular weigh ...	1981	7322614
trichinella spiralis in rats: in vivo effects of the bile and in vitro action of secretory iga from bile.	the biliary secretion of rats is diverted from the choledoch duct to the bladder. these rats are resuscitated by sub-cutaneous injections of a salt solution and then infected with trichinella spiralis larvae. it is shown that the number of adult worms is increased (+ 66%); as is the female larvae production (+ 51%); the females' length is also increased (+ 25%). 40 days after the infection the number of muscular larvae is considerably increased (+ 79%) in comparison with control rats. secretory ...	1981	7325526
gut propulsion in mice infected with trichinella spiralis.	previous investigators have shown that trichinella spiralis increases intestinal motility and propulsion. we report here that primary infection with t. spiralis in the mouse increased gut propulsion, measured by the movement of nonabsorbable chromatography beads, on day 5 after infection but not 9 days after infection. both cortisone acetate, an anti-inflammatory agent, and lomotil, which reduced gut motility, could suppress the increase in gut propulsion seen 5 days after infection. the results ...	1981	7328463
a comparative study of trichinella spiralis (owen, 1835) and trichinella pseudospiralis (garkavi, 1972).		1981	7328464
the effects of host sex on enteric response to infection with trichinella spiralis.	the effects of host sex on enteric inflammatory response to primary infection with trichinella spiralis were examined. enteritis in female mice was greater than that in male mice on days 7, 9 and 11 postinfection (pi) and similar to that in male mice by day 13 pi. male and female mice given daily injections of 33 or 66 mg/kilo of cortisone acetate exhibited significantly reduced enteritis on days 7, 9 and 11 pi below that seen in uninjected, male and female mice. on days 7, 9 and 11 pi larviposi ...	1981	7328465
[growth and fertility of trichinella spiralis developed from larvae treated with noviben and panacur in vivo].		1981	7336738
evidence, nature, and implications of the constitutive resistance to trichinella spiralis in gallinaceous birds.	white leghorn chickens and mice were orally infected with trichinella spiralis larvae and their digestive tracts were examined for parasites at postinfection hours (pih) 5 and 10, and at postinfection days (pid) 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8. evacuated feces were examined at pih 5 and 10 and at pid 1, and blood was examined at pid 4, 6, and 8. with the exception of trichinae in the digestive tract (9 at pih 5 and 2 at pih 10), parasites were not recovered from chickens. all mice had abundant parasites in th ...	1981	7337291
intestinal mast cell response in thymectomised and normal mice infected with trichinella spiralis.	in nih mice, expulsion of trichinella spiralis from the small intestine and increase in intestinal mast cells were each dependent on the presence of t-lymphocytes. both changes were deficient in thymectomised mice but could be largely restored by reconstitution of thymectomised mice with syngenetic mesenteric lymph node cells. in both nih and balb/c mice the majority of the increased number of mast cells occurred within the intestinal epithelium. in nih mice increase in the number of intestinal ...	1981	7344269
the location of parasites within their hosts: factors affecting longitudinal distribution of trichinella spiralis in the small intestine of mice.		1981	7228485
influence of routine extraction procedures in the composition of trichinella spiralis extracts.		1981	7229810
an in vitro screening test for compounds active against the parenteral stages of trichinella spiralis.	a new in vitro screening test for compounds showing activity against the tissue stages of trichinella spiralis is described. in this test freshly decapsulated larvae of the parasite are exposed to low concentrations of experimental compound in a medium capable of supporting th partial development of the worms. the screen which does not require elaborate continuous flow equipment nor special gas phase detects the activity of those compounds known to be effective against the parenteral stages of t ...	1981	7233549
[the large island--impressions of a medical parasitological trip to madagascar].	the course of an investigation trip through madagascar is sketched. it allowed to analyze the parasitological situation. it is explained with the sociological and economical facts and the unusual fauna of this island. the two biggest problems are malaria tropica and schistosomatosis (bilharziasis). further, ancylostoma, ascaris, taeniids, and wuchereria occur. plague is rare. fasciola gigantica has been introduced since short time only. introduction of other parasites must be feared. sleeping il ...	1981	7235291
trichinella spiralis: generation in the presence of rat serum of factors chemotactic for rat cells.		1981	7238726
the killing of newborn larvae of trichinella spiralis by eosinophil peroxidase in vitro.	helminth infections in mammals are characterized by a high level of eosinophils in parasitized tissues and blood, and it has recently been suggested that these cells have a direct parasiticidal effect. newborn larvae of trichinella spiralis can be killed within 20 min by incubation at room temperature in a cell-free system, including purified human eosinophil peroxidase (epo), h2o2 and chloride at ph 5.5. killing was measured by microscopic observation of the larvae. the larvicidal effect was de ...	1981	6273182
trichinella spiralis: proteins and antigens isolated from a large-particle fraction derived from the muscle larva.		1981	7202634
reversibility of the effects of the host immune response on the intestinal phase of trichinella spiralis in the mouse, following transplantation to a new host.	on day 10 of a primary infection of trichinella spiralis in nih mice, when adult worms were in the process of being expelled, their fecundity was markedly depressed. upon transplantation to new host mice, the worms were able to establish successfully in their usual position in the anterior small intestine, even if originally recovered from the large intestine of mice expelling their worms, and these worms fully recovered their fecundity after 7 days in recipients. on day 5 of secondary and terti ...	1981	7208103
[an ultrastructural study of spermatogenesis in trichinella spiralis owen 1835 (nématode trichuroide) (author's transl)].	the ultrastructural study of spermatogenesis in t. spiralis demonstrated the main characteristics of the male germ cells in the class nematoda, i.e. lack of flagella, lack of reconstitution of the nuclear envelope after the meiotic divisions, and atypical structure of the centriole. the spermatozoon of t. spiralis was compared with previous classifications of the nematoda spermatozoa.	1981	7210821
host defense mechanisms against nematode parasites: destruction of newborn trichinella spiralis larvae by human antibodies and granulocytes.	the capacity of human leukocytes from normal donors to kill the nematode trichinella spiralis in vitro in the presence of serum from infected individuals and complement was studied. eosinophils and neutrophils attached to the newborn larval stage of the parasite and exerted a cytotoxic effect manifested as complete morphologic destruction of the organism; monocytes also attached to newborn larvae but did not mediate parasite destruction. the cytotoxic effect of granulocytes was dependent on the ...	1981	7017021
dose dependence of trichinella spiralis-induced immunopotentiation.	previous reports studying the immunological and histopathological sequelae following infection with trichinella spiralis indicated that this nematode can affect the host's immune capability to heterologous antigens. the present investigation was aimed at determining the dose of t. spiralis larvae required for development of maximum delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) against heat-killed bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg). mice were injected intraperitoneally with 4 x 10(6) bacteria 28 days after ora ...	1981	7021429
trichinella spiralis: partial characterization of antigens isolated by immuno-affinity chromatography from the large-particle fraction of the muscle larvae.	a large-particle fraction, derived from muscle larvae of trichinella spiralis by a combination of homogenization and differential centrifugation, was treated with 0.1% triton x-100 and then centrifuged at high speed in order to obtain the soluble portion of this fraction (i.e., s3 fraction). the s3 fraction was then subjected to immuno-affinity chromatography. the antigens were eluted from the column using glycine-hcl buffer (ph 2.5). all 20 antigens were recovered from the s3 fraction in quanti ...	1981	7021786
genetic control of immunity to trichinella spiralis. donor bone marrow cells determine responses to infection in mouse radiation chimaeras.	radiation chimaeras, prepared from nih (rapid-responder) mice or from the f1 progeny of a cross between h-2 compatible b10.g (slow-responder) and nih mice, were tested for their ability to respond to infection with the intestinal nematode parasite trichinella spiralis. mice reconstituted with bone marrow (bm) from nih donors showed the rapid response characteristic of this strain, i.e. expelled worms from the intestine before day 12 of infection; those given bm from b10.g mice showed a show expu ...	1981	7024110
interaction between an early and late stages of schistosoma mansoni and trichinella spiralis infections in mice.		1981	6946149
studies on the thymus gland of mice with schistosoma mansoni, trichinella spiralis and mixed infections.		1981	6946151
mast cell degranulation associated with sequestration and removal of trichinella spiralis antigens.	mast cell degranulation which occurred following the subcutaneous injection of trichinella larval antigen into trichinella-infected mice was found to be associated with antigen binding by the released granules and with the uptake of granule antigen complexes by phagocytic cells. similar activity could be demonstrated in vitro, and in addition it was found that living intact mastocytoma and peritoneal mast cells rapidly took up fluorescein-labeled larval antigen and stored it in their cytoplasmic ...	1981	6782022
myofiber damage accompanying intramuscular parasitism by sarcocystis muris.	myofiber degeneration which results from sarcocystis infection exhibits a number of fine structural features suggestive of other myopathies and several well-defined fine structural features not characteristic of other myopathies. some of these fine structural features are similar to those observed in intramuscular infections of trichinella spiralis, another muscle parasite. major alterations of the myofibrillar contractile apparatus occur at the periphery of the membrane bound parasitophorous va ...	1981	6784266
ige antibody and resistance to infection. i. selective suppression of the ige antibody response in rats diminishes the resistance and the eosinophil response to trichinella spiralis infection.	selective suppression of the total ige antibody response has been achieved in rats by injection of rabbit anti-rat epsilon-chain antibodies. this ige-specific suppression was maintained during the course of a natural infection by the nematode trichinella spiralis. depletion of the ige antibody response resulted in a marked reduction of the number of eosinophils attracted to the t. spiralis larvae encysted in striated muscle. blood eosinophilia following t. spiralis infection, although reaching n ...	1981	6787166
comparison of four methods for early detection of experimental trichinella spiralis infections in pigs.	four methods employed in the diagnosis of experimental porcine trichinellosis (trichinoscopy, digestion method, immunofluorescence and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa)) were compared by eleven laboratories in the countries of the european economic community and sweden. the aim of this study was to test the reliability of elisa during the onset of t. spiralis infection. material from conventionally raised pigs infected with 1500 to 10000 larvae was compared to uninfected controls at day ...	1981	7046204
immune response to stage-specific surface antigens of the parasitic nematode trichinella spiralis.	rats were infected with the nematode trichinella spiralis and the primary serum antibody response to antigenic surface proteins of infective larvae, intestinal worms, and newborn larvae was studies. 1 wk after infection, the sera contained antibodies to surface antigens of both infective larvae and intestinal worms. these early sera, however, failed to react with newborn larvae surface antigens. in addition, adsorption of sera with living intestinal worms or infective larvae removed antibodies t ...	1981	6166724
oxatomide protects against degranulation of rat peritoneal mast cells during in vitro challenge with antigen or compound 48/80. ultrastructural aspects.	the ultrastructure of isolated rat peritoneal mast cells was evaluated after in vitro degranulation and treatment with oxatomide, a new anti-allergic compound. in a first series of experiments, mast cells of rats infected with trichinella spiralis larvae were incubated with trichinella larvae somatic antigen to produce histamine release. the release was visualized in the electron microscope by exocytosis of the peripheral amine-containing granules, which resulted from fusion between several peri ...	1981	6167155
antigen-mediated release of eosinophil growth stimulating factor from trichinella spiralis sensitized spleen cells: a comparison of t. spiralis stage-specific antigen preparations.	when non-adherent, trichinella spiralis-sensitized mouse spleen cells were challenged in vitro with t. spiralis antigens, an eosinophil growth factor (eo-gsf) was released into the culture medium. this factor was assayed by its ability to initiate eosinophil production in liquid cultures of syngeneic, non-adherent marrow cells obtained from unsensitized mice. extracts of each parasite stage as well as excretory-secretory (es) products of adult and muscle larva stages were compared for their abil ...	1982	6175563
induction of ia antigen in rat epidermal cells and gut epithelium by immunological stimuli.	the expression of ia antigen in rat keratinocytes and gut epithelium was found to be inducible by a variety of immunological stimuli. graft-vs.-host disease (gvhd) was accompanied by the appearance of ia antigen in both sites, whereas local immunological stimuli, such as a contact-sensitizing agent applied to the skin and trichinella spiralis infection of the gut, caused the expression of ia antigen confined to the sites of contact of these stimuli with the tissues involved. both t helper and t ...	1982	6217272
osteolysis in trichinella spiralis infected vs noninfected rats.	1. based upon the present inability to describe the mechanism by which calcification takes place, and the unexplored metabolism of calcium during trichinosis, studies of rat bone involvement were undertaken. 2. significant (p less than 0.05) differences were found in experimental (trichinella spiralis infected) rat femurs vs those of noninfected rats. 3. analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy, dry femur weight, and tensile stress resistance indicated an overall reduction in calcium content. ...	1982	6124348
studies on the inhibition of rapid expulsion of trichinella spiralis in rats.	a variety of inhibitors was examined for their ability to interfere with the expression of rapid expulsion (re) of challenge trichinella spiralis infections in rats. inhibitors of immediate hypersensitivity, prostaglandin release, peristalsis, or complement function, did not impair re when administered to immune rats. induction of intestinal anaphylaxis against t. spiralis or ovalbumin by passive serum transfer to intestinally primed rats (prior infection with heligmosomoides polygyrus) or admin ...	1982	6125479
enhanced resistance to plasmodium berghei in mice previously infected with trichinella spiralis.	infection with trichinella spiralis larvae greatly enhanced the resistance of adult mice against fatal infection with plasmodium berghei given 10 and 30 days after t. spiralis infection. mice infected with t. spiralis had a markedly activated mononuclear phagocytic system and significantly low reticulocyte levels at the time the mice were challenged with p. berghei. therefore, the partially subdued parasitaemia and prolonged survival of trichinella-plasmodium-infected mice may be attributed, in ...	1982	7048209