Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| specific antibody-dependent killing of toxoplasma gondii by normal macrophages. | the requirement for specificity of antibody-dependent inhibition or killing of intracellular toxoplasma gondii trophozoites by normal mouse peritoneal macrophages was evaluated in vitro using light microscopy and autoradiography. anti-toxoplasma antibody in the presence of 'accessory factor' rendered extracellular t. gondii trophozoites non-viable and non-infectious for cells, whereas exposure of extracellular trophozoites to heat-inactivated immune serum did not appear to damage the parasites. ... | 1976 | 1009680 |
| toxoplasma gondii haemagglutinating antibody titers in indonesian goats. | sera of 465 goats from several of the indonesian islands were tested for indirect haemagglutinating (iha) antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. titers greater than or equal to 1:16 were found in 24% of the animals with approximately 11% having titers of greater than or equal to 1:256. sera from pigs, cows, water buffaloes and horses were also tested and only pig sera had iha antibodies at titers above greater than or equal to 1:16. the possible role of goats in transmission of toxoplasmosis is discus ... | 1976 | 1014077 |
| [influence of standardization upon the results of serological analysis of toxoplasmosis (author's transl)]. | it is the purpose of this paper to determine whether the decline of the serologically verified acute toxoplasma gondii infections observed since the late sixties and found in literature has been caused by epidemiological factors or whether the standardization of serological methods (10) introducted in 1966/66 for the determination of antibodies specific to toxoplasma gondii has been responsible. the paper is based on material of the prospective study, "pregnancy and child development" supported ... | 1976 | 1015035 |
| toxoplasmosis in sheep. toxoplasma gondii in muscular tissue, with particular reference to dye test titres and haemoglobin type. | 1976 | 1015472 | |
| studies on the lymphoid system of mice with lethal acute toxoplasmosis. | acute toxoplasmosis was induced in cflp mice by infecting them intraperitoneally with the 25 x 10(3) multiplicity of the virulent rh strain of toxoplasma gondii. the lymphoid system of mice succumbing to acute toxoplasmosis showed characteristic changes. significant spleen hypertrophy (spleen index: 1.76), severe thymus atrophy (thymus index: 0.27) and a striking decrease of the lymphocyte count in blood (86%) was found as compared with the uninfected controls. | 1976 | 1020697 |
| the fine structure of toxoplasma gondii endozoids. the existence of an endocytosis mechanism. | 1976 | 1021045 | |
| toxoplasma gondii--host cell interaction. ultrastructural aspects of the parasite penetration mechanism. | 1976 | 1021046 | |
| infection of congenitally athymic (nude) mice with toxoplasma gondii. | nude mice, congenitally lacking most thymus-derived lymphocytes, are neither more susceptible nor more resistant against primary infection with virulent t. gondii cells than normal control mice. both mouse groups died at the same time after intraperitoneal infection. treatment with sulfadiazine protected both mouse groups against acute fatal disease. after termination of treatment with sulfadiazine the nude mice gradually died, whereas the normal hairy mice survived. the latter had developed hig ... | 1976 | 1023790 |
| [persistence of toxoplasma gondii in the stomach wall and intestinal wall of albino mice and guinea pigs in experimental toxoplasmosis]. | 1976 | 1024150 | |
| prevalence and diagnostic significance of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in horses. | 1976 | 1049468 | |
| cell-mediated hypersensitivity in guinea-pigs infected with toxoplasms gondii. | this investigation demonstrated delayed hypersensitivity by macrophage migration inhibition (mmi) and skin-testing (st) at 4, 8, 12, and 17 weeks and by lymphocyte transformation (lt) at 4, 12, and 17 weeks after infection of guinea-pigs (gp) with toxoplasma gondii (c-37 strain). mmi and lt were both most pronounced at 4 and 17 weeks post-infection. gp immunized with toxoplasmin in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) demonstrated positive blast transformation and st, but gp immunized with phosphate ... | 1976 | 134544 |
| [study of chromosome characteristics of artificially-induced ascite tumors]. | some ascite tumours have been induced in rat by intraperitoneal injection of radlv and in mouse by intraperitoneal injection of radlv, or of protozoa such as trypanosoma brucei and toxoplasma gondii. cytological examination of the resulting ascite tumours has shown that chromosome aberrations were associated with the presence of c and a viral particles. | 1976 | 134821 |
| [evolution of immunity to toxoplasma gondii in an apparently healthy human population]. | in order to detect the evolution of the immune background in infections with t. gondii, investigations were carried out by the indirect immunofluorescence test in 231 apparently healthy subjects, belonging to different age-groups, from three rural localities in moldavia. a second serologic test was performed after various intervals (6 months, 16 months, 5 years). the results showed that:--the evolution of the immune background appears to be conditioned by the factor time, significant variations ... | 1976 | 135332 |
| [congenital toxoplasmosis]. | judged by the cases studied at the hospital de pediatría, congenital toxoplasmosis may be transmitted to several descendants and the infection capacity of the mother persists for a long time. the possibility of toxoplasma infection should be investigated in cases of hydrocephalus, convulsions, microcephalia, ocular lesions or pictures of neonatal hepatitis. to explain invasion to the central nervous system by toxoplasma gondii, a pathogenic hypothesis is offered. | 1976 | 1247473 |
| toxoplasma gondii: disease patterns in mice treated with the folate antagonist methotrexate. | 1976 | 1253880 | |
| toxoplasma gondii: a new diagnostic approach based on the specific binding of erythrocytes to lymphoid cells. | 1976 | 1253881 | |
| toxoplasma gondii: large-scale purification by zonal density gradient centrifugation. | 1976 | 1253886 | |
| cockroaches as possible transport hosts of toxoplasma gondii in costa rica. | 1976 | 1255363 | |
| the prevalence of toxoplasmosis on pacific islands, and the influence of ethnic group. | the prevalence of toxoplasma dye-test antibody was determined in inhabitants of a number of pacific islands, in melanesia, micronesia and polynesia, and on taiwan. with the exception of one island in french polynesia, two hawaiian islands, and taiwan, toxoplasma antibody prevalences were high, ranging between 84% and 100% in the adult populations tested. on the hawaiian islands of oahu and hawaii, populated by several ethnic groups, and where about 50% of the total adult populations were estimat ... | 1976 | 1259082 |
| macrophage proliferation and activation during toxoplasma gondii infection in mice: relationship to lymphocyte stimulation. | macrophage proliferation and activation as well as lymphocyte stimulation in the peritoneal cavities of mice were investigated during the course of a toxoplasma gondii (beverly strain) infection. macrophage proliferation had started already after day one and reached a first peak on day 2 (3h-thymidine labelling index approximately 6%). this proliferation was not accompanied by any notable lymphocyte stimulation. an equally high l.i. for macrophages was found after injection of 0.9% saline. from ... | 1976 | 1266631 |
| toxoplasma gondii: isolation and preliminary characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants. | 1976 | 1269580 | |
| strain-dependent differences in murine susceptibility to toxoplasma. | susceptibility of seven inbred and outbred strains of mice to infection with trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii at two different doses was determined. stroking strain differences in susceptibility and changes of susceptibility with dosage change were seen. the data are consistent with the hypothesis that this may be due to genetic factors. | 1976 | 1270155 |
| the survival of toxoplasma gondii trophozoites in changes in osmotic pressure. | it has generally been assumed that the trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii cannot survive long outside the body and they cannot resist even small changes in osmotic pressure, and that toxoplasmosis is transmitted by transplacental infection, cysts and oocysts. in an attempt to demonstrate that trophozoites can resist changes in osmotic pressure, some were preserved in ascitic fluid made hypertonic with 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% salt excess of sodium chloride and in ascitic fluid made hypotonic by mixing ... | 1976 | 1271877 |
| the prevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii in some ontario mammals. | a survey of serum samples from mammals trapped in central ontario showed that many contained antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. the prevalence of infection as reflected by positive reactions in the sabin-feldman dye test appeared to be related to the type of diet of each species examined, and specifically, to the proportion of rodents in the diet. of the fox blood samples tested, 84% were positive. the percentage of positive samples diminished through, coyote, mink, bear, fisher skunk, raccoon, ma ... | 1976 | 16498870 |
| toxoplasmosis: a serological survey in ontario wildlife. | sera from seven species of wild animals in ontario were examined for antibody to toxoplasma gondii using the sabin-feldman dye test. of 158 sera tested, 53% of the red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 56% of the striped skunks (mephitis mephitis), 78% of the coyotes (canis latrans), 33% of the black bears (ursus americanus), 18% of the short tailed shrews (blarina brevicauda) and none of the field voles (microtus pennsylvanicus) had antibody. antibody to t. gondii was present in sera from wild animals cap ... | 1976 | 16502687 |
| toxoplasma gondii: characterization of a mutant resistant to 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. | 1977 | 140809 | |
| [cytochemical study of different stages in the life cycle of toxoplasma gondii. i. amylopectin and lipids in endozoites]. | attempts were made to localize cytochemically acid micopolysaccharides, in addition to sulphate groups of mucosubstances in toxoplasma endozoites of ss-119 and rh strains with negative results. amylopectin was found to be the only polysaccharide so far detected in the endozoite stage, using the pas technique. with rh strain toxoplasmas, the dynamics of amylopectin was followed within 6 days after mouse inoculation. on day 2, toxoplasmas and the host cells of the mouse peritoneal exudate being pr ... | 1977 | 143097 |
| [cytochemical study of the different stages in the life cycle of toxoplasma gondii. viii. nucleic acid distribution in the parasites at developmental stages from the cat intestine and the problem of the systematic position of toxoplasma]. | 1977 | 146290 | |
| [cytochemical study of the different stages in the life cycle of toxoplasma gondii. ix. the polysaccharides and lipids in the parasites at developmental stages from the cat intestine]. | amylopectin was detected in all the stages examined. in the oval stages the minute granules of pas-positive material were seen in the cytoplasm when examined on fresh-frozen sections. in merozoites, amylopectin was more conspicuous with maturation. the residual body of microgametocytes contain large amounts of amylopectin; no polysaccharide was visualized in microgamete bodies. amylopectin was most abundant in macrogametocytes and zygotes. however, no peripheral position of pas-positive "plastic ... | 1977 | 146291 |
| [histochemistry of the carbohydrate metabolism in cysts of toxoplasma gondii (author's transl)]. | mice were infected with cysts of the alt strain toxoplasma by intraperitoneal injection. after 2-8 weeks disseminated cysts could be demonstrated in the brain tissue. all cysts showed identical histochemical characteristics, independent of their sizes or their cell number. the encysted organisms were intensely stained after the pas-reaction. this polysaccharide is highly diastase and acid resistant. glycogen synthetase activity could not be demonstrated, but phosphorylase activity was very high. ... | 1977 | 193313 |
| infectious mononucleosis and mononucleosis syndromes. | infectious mononucleosis (im) and cytomegalovirus (cmv) mononucleosis are caused by a primary infection with related viruses, epstein-barr virus (ebv) and cmv. despite the similarity of clinical manifestations, basic differences exist: (1) the heterophil antibody (ha) response is absent in cmv mononucleosis, whereas it is present in im. (2) in im atypical lymphocytosis reflects proliferation of b cells early and of t cells later in the disease course; in cmv mononucleosis the situation appears c ... | 1977 | 195404 |
| biomedical survey in irian jaya (west irian), indonesia. | a biomedical survey was conducted in several areas of irian jaya, indonesia in july 1972 in association with an investigation of reports of a cholera outbreak. stool specimens, blood smears and sera were collected and examined for evidence of parasitic as well as other infectious diseases. a total of 114 stools were examined and the most commonly found intestinal parasites were trichuris trichiura (94%), ascaris lumbricoides (74%), hookworm (58%), entamoeba coli (15%), endolimax nana (8%), entam ... | 1977 | 208184 |
| impairment of immunity during pregnancy and antiviral effect of amniotic fluid. | in 297 pregnant women serum-levels of antibody to rubella virus were determined by haemagglutination inhibition, and serum-levels of antibodies to herpes-simplex virus and toxoplasma gondii were measured by indirect immunofluorescence tests. sera of age-matched non-pregnant women with intrauterine devices were also tested for the antibodies. a lower level of humoral immunity was found in the pregnant women than in the controls, and this fell further as pregnancy progressed. investigation of seru ... | 1977 | 64858 |
| a fluorescence phase contrast study of the interaction between toxoplasma gondii and lysosomes in living cells. | lysosomes of peritoneal macrophages, selectively pinpointed by aminoacridine-induced fluorescence, do not fuse with vacuoles containing viable toxoplasma gondii rh strain. | 1977 | 70118 |
| [cytochemical study of different stages in the life cycle of toxoplasma gondii. i. nucleic acids and proteins in endozoites]. | using the feulgen technique in addition to the methyl green-pyronin and gallocyanin-chromalum staining, nucleic acids were detected in toxoplasma gondii of strains ss-119 and rh dna was revealed in the nuclei of both intracellular and free individuals examined on various days (2--6) after mouse inoculation. a high rna content in the cytoplasm of endozoites is a most characteristic feature of this stage. however, no definite nucleolus has been demonstrated in the endozoite nucleus. using the fast ... | 1977 | 70874 |
| toxoplasma gondii-vertebrate cell interactions. i. the influence of bicarbonate ion, co2, ph and host cell culture age on the invasion of vertebrate cells in vitro. | a controlled-environment culture system was used to show that both physical and biologic parameters can influence the penetration of vertebrate cells by toxoplasma gondii. the optimum bicarbonate ion concentration for the penetration of bovine embryo skeletal muscle (besm) cells is 36.25 mm. higher or lower bicarbonate ion concentrations are increasingly inhibitory to penetration. as co2 increases in the range from 0.5-3.7 mm, penetration is progressively inhibited. no relationship was found bet ... | 1977 | 21287 |
| specific labeling of intracellular toxoplasma gondii with uracil. | radioactive uracil was not significantly incorporated into the nucleic acids of human fibroblast cells. infection of these cells with toxoplasma gondii resulted in an exponential increase in the rate of uracil incorporation that paralleled the exponential growth of the parasite. one day after infection the rate of uracil incorporation was increased 100-fold. it was established by autoradiography that all of the 3h uracil was incorporated into the intracellular parasites. a possible explanation f ... | 1977 | 21288 |
| an evaluation of indirect immunofluorescence in the serological diagnosis of nosema cuniculi infection. | an indirect immunofluorescence test for serum antibodies to nosema cuniculi was evaluated in rabbits by comparison with established histopathological methods of diagnosis. cell-culture isolation procedures and immunofluorescence and histological techniques designed to detect the parasite in urine or tissues were used to confirm the diagnosis. the serological diagnosis showed excellent correlation with presence of brain lesions characteristic of nosematosis, and n cuniculi were detected in 63 per ... | 1977 | 402687 |
| cellular immunity to toxoplasma and besnoitia in hamsters: specificity and the effects of cortisol. | the inhibitory effects of cortisol on cellular immunity were studied in vitro by using hamster peritoneal exudate cells. two obligate, intracellular protozoa--toxoplasma gondii and besnoitia jellisoni-- were used to control for specificity of effects. results indicate that immune lymphocytes specifically confer immunity to (or "arm") macrophages that specifically express immunity. this arming can be inhibited by 5 microng of cortisol per ml. macrophages that have been armed already will continue ... | 1977 | 404250 |
| age-related decline in the resistance of mice to infection with intracellular pathogens. | resistance to infection with toxoplasma gondii and listeria monocytogenes in balb/c female mice decreased with increasing age. the decrease was apparent as early as 9 months of age and was more marked as the animals aged further. this age-related decline in resistance was not restricted to balb/c female mice, as male and female mice of the c57bl/6 strain exhibited similar responses. with both pathogens, aged mice showed a more marked susceptibility to the strain of lesser virulence. transfer of ... | 1977 | 405325 |
| cross-immunity between hammondia and toxoplasma infections in mice and hamsters. | cross-immunity between six strains of hammondia hammondi and the m-7741 strain of toxoplasma gondii was studied in mice and hamsters. mice and hamsters were inoculated orally with 10(5) h. hammondi oocysts. all mice and hamsters survived. four weeks later, they were challenged with 1 to 10(5) mean lethal doses (ld50) of the toxoplasma oocysts. animals that died were necropsied. survivors were killed 30 days after challenge inoculation, and the number of cysts in brain and musculature was determi ... | 1977 | 411757 |
| trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice chronically infected with toxoplasma gondii. | 1977 | 412940 | |
| toxoplasma gondii cysts in cell culture: new biologic evidence. | 1977 | 412941 | |
| depressed antibody responses to a thymus-dependent antigen in toxoplasmosis. | the immunodepressive effect of toxoplasma gondii infection in mice was studied, using sheep erythrocytes (srbc) as the testing antigen and serum hemagglutinins, hemolysins, and both direct and indirect splenic plaque-forming cells (pfc) to srbc as assays. in the primary antibody response, immunoglobulin m (igm), hemagglutinins, and hemolysins and both igm- and igg-secreting pfc were depressed in animals immunized after infection. maximum immunodepression occurred during the first 3 weeks of toxo ... | 1977 | 319057 |
| toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: electron-microscopic and immunofluorescence studies of formalin-fixed tissue. | an 82-year-old white man had bilateral, chronic recurrent uveitis caused by toxoplasma gondii. in spite of extensive therapy for toxoplasmosis, the left eye became painful and blind and was enucleated. histopathologically, the retina disclosed unusually large numbers of necrotic cysts and a few presumably viable cysts containing crescent-shaped organisms and scanty free forms of t gondii. electron-microscopic studies confirmed the presence of a true wall of the cysts as well as additional ultras ... | 1977 | 319779 |
| diagnosis of encephalitozoonosis in experimentally infected rabbits by intradermal and immunofluorescence tests. | the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test was performed on serial blood samples from eight young new zealand white rabbits with experimental encephalitozoonosis. the test showed seroconversion in six of the eight infected rabbits by the 8th day after inoculation and in all rabbits by the 15th day. antibody titers reached a peak by about the 36th day after inoculation and remained significantly elevated until the termination of the experiment at 84 days after inoculation. none of four sham-in ... | 1977 | 323570 |
| tazonomy of toxoplasma. | after reviewing reports of the hosts, structure and life cycle of toxoplasma, the genus is placed in the apicomplexan family eimeriidae and the folllowing 7 species are recognized: toxoplasma gondii (nicolle & manceaux) (type species) from about 200 species of mammals and birds, with oocysts in felids; toxoplasma alencari (da costa & pereira) from the frog leptodactylus ocellatus; toxoplasma brumpti coutelen from the iguana iguana tuberculata; toxoplasma colubri tibaldi from the snakes coluber m ... | 1977 | 325203 |
| toxoplasmosis in greater victoria. | titres of antibody to toxoplasma gondii were determined in 596 inhabitants of greater victoria who were either patients at two hospitals or healthy volunteers. the survey included 404 women of childbearing age, 305 of whom had just given birth. the proportion of persons with antibody to t. gondii at a titre of 1:8 or greater as determined by a methylene blue dye test was 28%. titration of igm antibody specific to t. gondii by the indirect fluorescent antibody test, performed in the serum samples ... | 1977 | 334355 |
| [cerebrospinal toxoplasmosis: detection, clinical course and therapy]. | with modern techniques (membrane marking by indirect immunofluorescence and identification by morphological criteria) toxoplasma gondii can be reliably identified in the csf. identification of the causative agent confirms the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis of the meninges, the central nervous system and the nerve roots. toxoplasma encephalomyelitis associated with meningoradiculitis has hitherto only rarely been described. our own cases afford evidence of the fact that even in the most typical cases ... | 1977 | 335505 |
| investigation into the immunoglobulin class responsible for the polar staining of toxoplasma gondii in the fluorescent antibody test. | bipolar staining of the trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii has been observed with a number of sera from patients. it has been demonstrated that the serum factors involved are igm. the majority of sera demonstrating this phenomenon had raised nonspecific igm levels. | 1977 | 341602 |
| the prevalence and epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in ontario. | the results of testing 7060 human serum specimens obtained in the province of ontario, canada, were analysed for the presence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. of these samples 38% were serologically positive at a titre of 1/16 or greater. the age-specific rates climbed from 2.7% in infants between 6 months and 1 year of age, to about 50% in individuals aged 25 years or over. variations in prevalence were noted between different areas within the province and evidence is put forward to show tha ... | 1977 | 265346 |
| [ultrastructure of parasitophore vacuoles containing toxoplasma gondii]. | 1977 | 283476 | |
| biological properties and clinical application of propolis. ii. studies on the antiprotozoan activity of ethanol extract of propolis. | solutions of the ethanol extract of propolis (eep) have shown a lethal effect on trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. similar lethal action was exhibited by eep after a 24-h contact with toxoplasma gondii. | 1977 | 302709 |
| studies on production of biologically active substance which inhibits the intracellular multiplication of toxoplasma within mouse macrophages. | in vitro assessments were carried out to study some biological aspects of immune lymphocytes producing a new lymphokine, called by the authors toxoplasma growth inhibitory factor (toxo-gif), which inhibits the intracellular multiplication of toxoplasma gondii within nonimmune mouse macrophages. concanavalin a and phytohemagglutinin-p were found to induce vigorous production of toxo-gif, whereas bacterial lipopolysaccharide did not. in vitro treatment of splenic lymphocytes with rabbit anti-mouse ... | 1977 | 303417 |
| a search for serum antibodies in adie's syndrome. | serum specimens from a large number of patients with adie's syndrome were checked for virus antibody levels: measles hemagglutination inhibition (hi), parainfluenza types i, ii and iii (hi), epstein-barr immunofluorescence, mumps complement fixation (cf), adenovirus (cf), varicella-zoster (cf), herpes simplex (cf), cytomegalovirus (cf), mycoplasma hominis (cf), toxoplasma gondii passive hemagglutination. these antibody levels were compared with specimens from a control group of similar age distr ... | 1977 | 304687 |
| attempted transmission of toxoplasma gondii infection from pregnant cats to their kittens. | sixteen 1- to 7-week-old pregnant specific-pathogen free cats were inoculated orally with toxoplasma gondii cysts. fetuses and neonatal kittens were examined for toxoplasma infection by inoculating suspensions of their tissues into mice. toxoplasma gondii was not isolated from 23 fetuses and 16 newborn kittens from 13 queens. six (3 litters) of the 15 kittens from the 3 remaining queens were killed on the day of or a day after birth, and the remaining 9 kittens were housed with their mothers for ... | 1977 | 557468 |
| attempeted transmission of feline coccidia from chronically infected queens to their kittens. | eight female, 12- to 34-month-old, specific-pathogen free cats were inoculated orally with toxoplasma gondii cysts on day 0, then with isospora felis and isospora rivolta oocysts on day 39, and cysts of hammondia hammondi on day 86 after inoculation with toxoplasma. all cats shed oocysts of all 4 of these coccidia within 11 postinoculation days. the female cats were caged with 4 male toxoplasma-free cats, starting 66 days after inoculation with toxoplasma, until they were 5 to 6 weeks pregnant. ... | 1977 | 557469 |
| experimental infection of bovines with oocysts of toxoplasma gondii. | calves aged 3 months were readily infected with oocysts and cysts of toxoplasma gondii administered by oral route. fever, respiratory distress, nasal discharge and hyperemia of the conjunctivas were the most significant clinical signs noted in the infected animals. parasitemia was demonstrated in all infected calves. it occurred on different days and up to 62 days after the infection. toxoplasma was demonstrated in tissues of all infected calves, and the organ most frequently parasitized was the ... | 1977 | 558305 |
| [human infection by toxoplasma gondii in two isolated communities with different dietary sources (author's transl)]. | 1977 | 562527 | |
| suppression and enhancement of humoral immune response to toxoplasma gondii by passive antibody. | anti-toxoplasma antibodies administered passively to mice may lead to suppression of enhancement (reported for the first time with protozoan parasites) of subsequent antibody response when these animals are later infected with toxoplasma gondii. the outcome is dependent on infecting strain of toxoplasma and the antigen-antibody ratio. | 1977 | 590445 |
| effect of alveolar macrophages on toxoplasma gondii. | as pulmonary involvement can occur in disseminated toxoplasmosis in immunosuppressed patients, studies were initiated to define local mechanisms of resistance of the lung to toxoplasma gondii. alveolar macrophages were obtained from normal mice and mice chronically infected with t. gondii by bronchopulmonary lavage and cultured in vitro. although normal alveolar macrophages were difficult to infect with toxoplasma, they supported intracellular multiplication of this organism. when exposed to tox ... | 1977 | 591065 |
| detection of circulating antigen during acute infections with toxoplasma gondii by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis is usually based on demonstration of antibodies by means of different serological methods. however, for confirmation of active toxoplasmosis, examination of paired sera is still needed. in this study a description is given of a sensitive enzyme method (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) with which it is possible to detect circulating antigens during the acute stage of mouse and human toxoplasmosis. preliminary investigations of human sera suggested that circula ... | 1977 | 591627 |
| search for the presence of lectin-binding sites on toxoplasma gondii. | evidence for the presence of carbohydrate on the surface membrane of toxoplasma gondii trophozoites and on the cell wall of toxoplasma brain cysts was sought by fluorescent lectin staining. using fitc-conjugated preparations of concanavalin a (con a), wheat germ agglutinin (wga), or soy bean agglutinin (sba), we have failed to obtain evidence for the binding of these lectins on the surface of t. gondii trophozoites. in contrast, the three test lectins bound effectively and specifically to the wa ... | 1977 | 592038 |
| chorioretinitis in the adolescent: two case presentations with discussion. | two cases of chorioretinitis in adolescence demonstrate the characteristic course of events. it is typically caused by toxoplasma gondii and is usually acquired congenitally. toxocara infection must be considered in younger children. other etiologic agents are rarely implicated in children and youth. diagnosis of toxoplasmic chorioretinitis is based on a characteristic history of visual disturbance and specific funduscopic appearance, along with confirmatory serological studies. management is co ... | 1977 | 600601 |
| the effect of chemo-immunotherapy with sdds, pyrimethamine and anti-toxoplasma serum on toxoplasma gondii cysts in latent infected nmri mice. | a substantial reduction of brain cyst numbers could be obtained through a six week therapy with sdds-pyrimethamine combination or a high titer anti-toxoplasma serum. nmri mice experimentally infected three months earlier with cyst-forming toxoplasma strains witting, alt or gail were used. the effectiveness of the treatments could be increased considerably by simultaneous administration of anti-toxoplasma serum and sdds-pyrimethamine. a highly significant reduction of brain cyst numbers, upto 65% ... | 1977 | 601857 |
| toxoplasmosis. | recent research has shown that toxoplasma gondii, the cause of human toxoplasmosis, is a protozoan close to the genus isospora, whose life cycle involves cats as the definitive host, and other mammals, including man, and birds as intermediate hosts. cats shed oocysts in their faeces; these are infective to the intermediate hosts when ingested. but the non-felid intermediate hosts can also become infected by eating other intermediate hosts. probably most human infections occur in this manner and ... | 1977 | 603449 |
| survey of toxoplasma antibodies among sheep in western united states. | a survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies among breeding ewes and among lambs slaughtered for food in western united states. each serum was tested by the indirect hemaglutination method, using microtiter technique. agglutination (greater than or equal to 2 +) at the 1:64 dilution was considered to be a positive reaction. of 2,164 ewes from 18 flocks tested in california, 523 (24%) were seropositive for toxoplasma gondii, with prevalence rates among flocks rangin ... | 1977 | 604325 |
| immunization of nmri mice against virulent toxoplasma gondii. differing efficacy of eleven cyst-forming toxoplasma strains. | mice were infected with eleven cyst-forming toxoplasma strains of varying virulence and challenged 1 month later with highly virulent bk strain parasites. the early cellular reaction in vivo was estimated by collecting the peritoneal exudates 24 h after challenge. this consisted of 54.34--77.61% lymphocytes and 0-8.88% infected macrophages in the eleven immunized groups in contrast to 27.17% lymphocytes and 18.64% infected macrophages in the control group. the peritoneal exudate 72 h after chall ... | 1977 | 605650 |
| [incidence of the oocyst of toxoplasma gondii in the domestic cat of the federal district of the city of mexico]. | 1977 | 608559 | |
| haemagglutination antigen from toxoplasma gondii grown in tissue culture. | 1977 | 608743 | |
| [toxoplasmosis. a common infection, not very often recognized clinically]. | epidemiological survey and microscopical diagnosis point out that toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan infection usually with percentages of positivity higher than 20 per cent. even in places with prosperous economical conditions the human infections can be relatively high due to the habit of eating raw meat or not properly exposed to temperatures lethal to toxoplasma gondii. but sometimes they can be explained by cultural patterns or to individual psicological factors in relation to cats, the defini ... | 1977 | 613305 |
| biomedical survey in north samar province, philippine islands. | a biomedical survey was carried out in north samar province, philipines to update information on the prevalence of parasitic and other infectious diseases. a total of 1,394 stool specimens, 1,859 blood smears and 1,274 sera were collected from persons living in 8 barrios. stools were examined for intestinal parasites, bloods smears for malaria and filariasis and sera tested for antibodies to schistosoma japonicum, entamoeba histolytica, toxoplasma gondii, influenza a and b, and japanese encephal ... | 1977 | 614707 |
| toxoplasmosis in a california sea lion (zalophus californianus). | disseminated toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in a female california sea lion that had been used in thermoregulation studies for about 4 years while housed in a small enclosure with a fresh-water pool at the university of hawaii, honolulu. toxoplasma gondii was demonstrated in and around necrotic lesions of the heart and the stomach. source of the infection was not established; however, studies on toxoplasmosis in cats were being conducted at the institution, and common caretakers attended both group ... | 1977 | 835862 |
| an outbreak of toxoplasmosis in wallaroos (macropus robustus) in a california zoo. | four wallaroos (macropus robustus) from a central california zoo colony of 22 died within a three week period. histopathologic findings in all four cases were suggestive of toxoplasmosis. brain, lung and heart were the most frequently involved organs. within 4 months of the last death sera from nine colony members were tested for antibodies against toxoplasma gondii using the indirect hemagglutination test. all nine had serological titers ranging from 1:64 to 1:131,072. | 1977 | 839626 |
| experimental toxoplasmosis in mice and rabbits. virulence and cyst formation of toxoplasma gondii. | avirulent toxoplasma gondii were made virulent by passages in mice, and then attenuated by storage. in contrast to the avirulent parasites, attenuated organisms did not appear to form cysts in mice and rabbits, although parasites could be isolated from such animals as long as three months after their inoculation. rabbits infected with parasites of attenuated virulence had high antibody levels, and survived challenge with virulent toxoplasma gondii. cysts were not detected in the brains of such r ... | 1977 | 842354 |
| [toxoplasmosis. anatomo clinical characteristics and morphological indentification of the parasite using the silver-impregnation technic]. | the clinical and anatomicopathological characteristics of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis are described as they affect different structures and systems. the lesion to adrenal glands is compared to that seen in disseminated herpes simplex; however, the question remains as to why in both congenital infections, necrosis of adrenal glands appears without inflammatory reaction. the investigation of special techniques for localization and identification of toxoplasma gondii "groups" or cysts, leads to ... | 1977 | 843413 |
| persistence of toxoplasma gondii in the tissues of chronically infected cats. | 1977 | 845727 | |
| development of gametes and oocysts in cats fed cysts derived from cloned trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii. | 1977 | 845728 | |
| kinetics of antibody mediated suppression of humoral immune response to toxoplasma gondii at a cellular level. | the effect of passively transferred toxoplasma gondii antiserum was examined at a cellular level by rosette forming cell response in nmri mouse spleen. the initial number of responding rosette forming cells was decreased in antibody treated animals; however, their rate of proliferation in comparison to untreated group was not significantly affected. almost similar response could be obtained by injecting low 5 x 10(4) toxoplasma dose alone or a combination of passive antibody and higher antigen d ... | 1977 | 848221 |
| toxoplasma gondii: survival time and variability in mouse host strains. | 1977 | 849764 | |
| toxoplasmosis and the host-parasite relationship in murine schistosomiasis mansoni. | infection with toxoplasma gondii has been shown to suppress markedly the in vitro splenic lymphocyte response to nonspecific mitogens and the in vivo antibody response to sheep red blood cells. the effect of toxoplasmosis on an in vivo cell-mediated response, granuloma formation around schistosoma mansoni eggs, was examined in the present study. the granulomas were markedly suppressed from two to 20 weeks after infection with t. gondii. in subsequent experiments the effect of toxoplasmosis-induc ... | 1977 | 850078 |
| transmission and scanning electron microscopy of host cell entry by toxoplasma gondii. | entry by tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, into peritoneal cells was investigated with transmission and scanning electron microscopy. the process of entry is initiated by the parasite contacting the host cell with its anterior end, creating a small depression in the plasmalemma of the host cell. occasionally, a small portion of the host cell cytoplasm protrudes and contaccts the anterior end of the parasite. a cylindrical structure (35 nm in diameter) extend ... | 1977 | 851168 |
| toxoplasma gondii: specific labeling of nucleic acids of intracellular parasites in lesch-nyhan cells. | 1977 | 851481 | |
| isolation of toxoplasma gondii membrane using latex microspheres. | 1977 | 851566 | |
| [double infection of the brain with frenkelia species and toxoplasma gondii in chinchilla laniger]. | two caged chinchillas that died with convulsions had a focal necrotic meningoencephalitis of toxoplasmic origin. independently of and remote from this inflammatory reaction were several lobulated frenkelia cysts up to 0.6 mm diameter in the brain. morphologically and in the way they stained they resembled frenkelia in various microtus-species and in ondatra zibethica. although toxoplasmosis commonly is found in the chinchilla this is the first report of frenkelia in this species. ecological cons ... | 1977 | 855142 |
| [methods for the preparation of a pure soluble antigen from toxoplasma gondii]. | in this study we report 4 methods for separating leucocytes from toxoplasma found in peritoneal exudate of infected mice. a) passage through no: 26 needle, b) glass adherence, c) passage through glass wool, d) sonic vibration. experiment showed that sonic vibration at 60 watt; 60 seconds was the best way to destroy selectively almost all leucocytes present in the preparation. in order to prepare a soluble antigen from clean toxoplasmas sonic vibration at 70 watt, 60 second was found sufficient ... | 1977 | 857118 |
| [contribution to the understanding of the biological cycle of toxoplasma gondii in the cat (author's transl)]. | 1977 | 858071 | |
| anticoccidial activity of 2-sulfamoyl-4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone, sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine and clindamycin in cats infected with toxoplasma gondii. | 1977 | 858118 | |
| toxoplasmosis in nude mice. | immunity to the intracellular protozoan, toxoplasma gondii, in mice is of the premunition type. chemoprophylaxis with sulfadiazine normally permits mice to develop immunity to virulent organisms. however, nude (nu/nu) mice, which lack the thymus, failed to develop immunity to toxoplasma during 3 weeks of drug therapy while their hirsute littermates developed immunity during this period. when nude mice were injected intraperitoneally with thymus cells from hirsute littermates, they became able to ... | 1977 | 859079 |
| diagnosis of experimental encephalitozoonosis in rabbits by complement fixation. | a complement-fixation (cf) test has been developed for detection of experimental encephalitozoonosis in rabbits. the antigen consisted of disrupted homogenates of encephalitozoon cuniculi spores grown in and released from rabbit choroid plexus tissue culture cells. the test was sensitive and capable of detecting experimental encephalitozoonosis in rabbits as early as 15 days after intracerebral infection. the test was specific for infected animals, and no cross-reactivity was demonstrated betwee ... | 1977 | 864288 |
| effect of age and sex on the acquisition of immunity to toxoplasmosis in cats. | the effects of age and sex of the cat on oocyst shedding, multiplication of toxoplasma gondii in tissues of cats, and acquisition of immunity were investigated after oral inoculation of cats with toxoplasma cysts. twenty-five cats varying in age from 1 week to 39 months were killed 7-97 days after inoculation with t. gondii. homogenates of brain, heart, mesenteric lymph nodes, retina, and blood from these cats were inoculated into mice to test for toxoplasma infectivity. toxoplasma was isolated ... | 1977 | 864622 |
| localisation of macrophage lysosomal enzyme in experimental toxoplasma retinitis. | rabbit retinal tissue experimentally infected with toxoplasma gondii was processed for the lysosomal enzyme aryl sulphatase. abundant lysosomal activity was found in lysosomal bodies of the infected macrophages. there appeared to be a lack of fusion of the lysosomal bodies with the phagosomes containing the organisms. examination of the majority of macrophage vacuoles containing trophozoites failed to show consistently lead sulphide deposition for aryl sulphatase activity. by light microscopy 83 ... | 1977 | 871468 |
| polytenosynovitis caused by toxoplasma gondii. | two cases are reported of polytenosynovitis involving the wrists and ankles and caused by toxoplasmosis, together with the investigations that led to the diagnosis. medical and surgical treatment of the first patient and medical treatment only of the second patient gave satisfactory results. | 1977 | 873984 |
| [subdural hygroma in infants with congenital toxoplasmosis (author's transl)]. | cytological examination of the fluid from subdural hygromas revealed congenital toxoplasmosis in 14 of 43 infants (32,5%). conversely, subdural hygroma was a significant clinical symptom in 42 cases of congenital toxoplasmosis. in 9 cases trophozoites or cystes of toxoplasma gondii were found in the subdural fluid, and in 4 of these in the cerebrospinal fluid as well. since serological investigations in young infants and particularly severe infections often remain inconclusive the cytological ex ... | 1977 | 882104 |
| toxoplasmosis in coypu. | serological studies indicate that toxoplasmosis is a common infection in coypus now established in norfolk. a strain of toxoplasma gondii was isolated from an animal which had shown a high titre to the dye test for toxoplasma antibodies. this was similar to the many tissue cyst producing strains which are of low virulence for most of the small laboratory animals. congenital toxoplasmosis was proved in a litter born to one of the coypus during captivity. superinfection occurred when animals, prev ... | 1977 | 898639 |
| effects of freezing on the infectivity of toxoplasma gondii cysts for white mice. | the infectivity of toxoplasma gondii cysts in the brains of mice, after storage at -21 degrees c for various periods of time, was studied by intraperitoneally inoculation into mice. infective parasites were not demonstrated after freezing for 5 hours or longer. even after 1 1/2 hours exposure to -21 degrees c, many cysts seemed to lose their infectivity. the role of low temperatures as a limiting factor in the epidemiology of cyst-induced toxoplasmosis, is discussed. | 1977 | 899369 |
| [isolation of toxoplasma gondii strains from faeces of stray cats in czechoslovakia (author's transl)]. | 1977 | 902126 | |
| [variability in the number of merozoites of toxoplasma gondii schizont in the small intestine of cats (author's transl)]. | 1977 | 902130 | |
| characterization of toxoplasma gondii from the feces of naturally infected cats. | feces of 1,000 cats from a humane shelter in columbus, ohio, were examined microscopically for oocysts of toxoplasma gondii and by inoculation into mice. from the first 541 cats examined, oocysts of toxoplasma were found in the feces of seven cats but in none of the remaining 459 cats. results of the dye test in these seven cats showed titers of antibody of less than 1:2 in four cats, and of 1:8, 1:6, and 1:32 in the remaining three cats. the pathogenicity and infectivity of oocysts and cysts of ... | 1977 | 903678 |
| experimental toxoplasmosis in calves. | nine calves were inoculated with tissue cysts of a low virulence strain of toxoplasma gondii and killed at intervals up to 10 weeks. an immunological response took the form of circulating antibodies and reactive changes in the lymph nodes. the organism could only be recovered from the lymph nodes and this only during the first four weeks after infection. no tissue cysts were demonstrated and only a few inflammatory lesions occurred. thus, although calves can be infected, the immunological respon ... | 1977 | 905651 |