Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in callus from inflorescences of hordeum vulgare x triticum aestivum hybrids.embryogenic callus cultures were obtained by culturing young inflorescence tissues of hordeum vulgare cv. 'pf51811' (2x)xtriticum aestivum cv. 'chinese spring' (6x) hybrids on 2,4-d-containing n6 medium. after subculture for about 10 months the calli retained a high potentiality for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. of about 300 regenerated plants, approximately 100 were transplanted to potting soil. eight embryoids and three regenerated plants examined had 28 chromosomes identical t ...198424257648
study on nuclear and cytoplasmic genome expression in wheat by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis : 2. genetic differences between two lines and two groups of cytoplasms at five developmental stages or organs.two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of denaturated proteins were performed at five developmental stages or organs (hereafter referred to as stage-organs) on two wheat lines with four different cytoplasms. five hundred and fifty to 712 reproducible spots were scored depending on the stage-organ. each stage-organ is unambiguously characterized and several types of control of protein quantity are recorded. post-translational modifications are hypothetized and may sometimes be stagespecific. two cyt ...198424257643
development and characterisation of a line of bread wheat, triticum aestivum, which lacks the short-arm satellite of chromosome 1b and the gli-b1 locus.about 360 offspring of a tri-parental cross were screened by gel electrophoresis and unexpectedly one of them did not contain chromosome 1b ω-gliadins derived from either of the primary parents. a line disomic for the ω-gliadin null was developed from the surviving embryo half of the unique grain. two dimensional electrophoresis revealed that all the storage protein genes at gli-b1, coding for γ-gliadins, β-gliadins and low-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin as well as the ω-gliadin, were not ...198424257642
growth and gibberellin-a1 metabolism in normal and gibberellin-insensitive (rht3) wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings.growth parameters were determined for tall (rht3) and dwarf (rht3) seedlings of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). plant statures and leaf length were reduced by 50% in dwarfs but root and shoot dry weights were less affected. leaves of dwarf seedlings had shorter epidermal cells and the numbers of cells per rank in talls and dwarfs matched the observed relationships in overall length. talls grew at twice the rate of dwarfs (2.3 compared with 1.2 mm h(-1)). [(3)h]gibberellin a1 ([(3)h]ga1) was fed to ...198424253843
developmental gradients in wheat leaves - response of leaf segments in different genotypes cultured in vitro.leaves of 21 different wheat genotypes (triticum aestivum l. cultivars and triticum species) were tested for response in tissue culture. cultures could be established from all genotypes in the presence of 2,4-d in the nutrient medium, but only from immature basal leaf regions. corresponding to the basipetal developmental gradient characteristic of the leaves, there appeared to be a gradient in sensitivity towards 2,4-d. the most basal, highly meristematic regions were comparatively sensitive. ca ...198423196086
changes in the number and composition of chloroplasts during senescence of mesophyll cells of attached and detached primary leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).changes in the number and composition of chloroplasts of mesophyll cells were followed during senescence of the primary leaf of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). senescence was due to the natural pattern of leaf ontogeny or was either induced by leaf detachment and incubation in darkness, or incubation of attached leaves in the dark. in each case discrete sections (1 centimeter) of the leaf, representing mesophyll cells of the basal, middle, and tip regions, were examined. for all treatments, senesc ...198416663637
pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase gene expression in developing wheat seeds.the amount of pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (ppdk) (ec 2.7.9.1) protein in wheat (triticum aestivum l. var cheyenne) grains was determined at different stages of development by the protein blot method. the variation in ppdk protein with time in developing wheat grains was similar to that of the enzyme's activity reported by meyer et al. (1982 plant physiol 69: 7-10). the variation in levels of ppdk mrna with seed development was determined by analysis of polypeptides immunoprecipitated by ant ...198416663633
production and characterization of alloplasmic lines of a triticale 'rosner'.the transfer of cytoplasms of various triticum and aegilops species to a hexaploid triticale ('rosner') has been attempted using 30 alloplasmic lines and a euplasmic line of common wheat as cytoplasmic donors. the average rate of f1 hybrid production (seed setting ratexgermination rate) following an ordinary method of crossing is only 0.09%, whereas this rate is increased to 3.1% by use of embryo culture. the first backcross of the f1 plants with triticale pollen is again difficult, the hybrid p ...198424258961
combining abilities and heritability of callus formation and plantlet regeneration in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) anther cultures.frequency of callus formation in wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell) anthers cultured in vitro and the frequency of subsequent plantlet formation from such calli were examined in a diallel population produced from five inbred spring wheat cultivars. two of the five cultivars were believed to possess relatively high frequencies of response and the other three relatively low response frequencies, based on previous studies. general and specific combining abilities were estimated and found to be ...198424258955
analysis of nucleolar activity in agropyron elongatum, its amphiploid with triticum aestivum and the chromosome addition lines.the nucleolar organizer activity of the agropyron elongatum, its amphiploid with hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) and the chromosome addition lines is analyzed by the silver-staining procedure. four ag-nors are observed in a. elongatum corresponding to the chromosomes 6e and 7e. in the amphiploid t. aestivum - a. elongatum, eight ag-nors are observed which corresponds the wheat chromosomes 1b and 6b and to the elongatum chromosomes 6e and 7e. thus, there is codominance in the nucleolar organi ...198424258946
heritability of grain yield, plant height and test weight of a population of winter wheat adapted to southwestern ontario.grain yield, plant height and test weight were studied in a population of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the population consisted of f2 bulk populations of 42 crosses among 11 genotypes adapted to s. w. ontario. heritabilities were: 0.30±0.32 for yield, 0.77±0.15 for height and 0.98±0.08 for test weight. predicted genetic gain with 10% selection intensity was 0.15 t/ha for yield, 10.1 cm for height and 3.00 kg/hl for test weight. the low heritability for yield indicates that effective sele ...198424258938
glutamic acid metabolism and the photorespiratory nitrogen cycle in wheat leaves: metabolic consequences of elevated ammonia concentrations and of blocking ammonia assimilation.the effects of methionine sulfoximine and ammonium chloride on [(14)c] glutamate metabolism in excised leaves of triticum aestivum were investigated. glutamine was the principal product derived from [u(14)c]glutamate in the light and in the absence of inhibitor or nh(4)cl. other amino acids, organic acids, sugars, sugar phosphates, and co(2) became slightly radioactive. ammonium chloride (10 mm) increased formation of [(14)c] glutamine, aspartate, citrate, and malate but decreased incorporation ...198416663601
isolation and some properties of an aminopeptidase from the primary leaf of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).the isolation and characterization of the ap1 form of aminopeptidase (ec 3.4.11.) previously identified (waters, dalling 1979 aust j plant physiol 6: 595-606) in the primary leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv egret) seedlings is reported. the enzyme shows a high preference for a substrate which contains an aromatic side chain, whether this be either a synthetic beta-naphthylamide or a peptide substrate. maximum activity with both types of substrates occurred around ph 7.6. the stability of ...198416663554
metabolism of activated oxygen in detached wheat and rye leaves and its relevance to the initiation of senescence.the activities of several enzymes either generating or decomposing o 2 (-) or h2o2, were investigated during the course of senescence of detached wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rye (secale cereale l.) leaves in light and in darkness. most of the activities, although not in full synchrony, declined with the degradation of chlorophyll and protein. the decline was slower in light than in darkness (e.g. glycolate oxidase, ec 1.1.3.1; urate oxidase, ec 1.7.3.3.; catalase, ec 1.11.1.6) and was furth ...198424258664
intercellular localization of assimilatory sulfate reduction in leaves of zea mays and triticum aestivum.the intercellular distribution of assimilatory sulfate reduction enzymes between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells was analyzed in maize (zea mays l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves. in maize, a c(4) plant, 96 to 100% of adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase and 92 to 100% of atp sulfurylase activity (ec 2.7.7.4) was detected in the bundle sheath cells. sulfite reductase (ec 1.8.7.1) and o-acetyl-l-serine sulfhydrylase (ec 4.2.99.8) were found in both bundle sheath and mesophyll ...198416663524
differences between wheat genotypes in specific activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and the relationship to photosynthesis.the in vitro ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (rubp) carboxylase activity per unit of leaf nitrogen was found to be 30% greater in triticum aestivum than in t. monococcum. this was due to a higher specific activity of the enzyme from t. aestivum, as the amount of rubp carboxylase protein per unit of total leaf nitrogen did not differ between the genotypes. the occurrence of higher specific activity of rubp carboxylase is shown to correlate with possession of the large subunit derived from the b genome ...198416663506
differences in water relations and physiological characteristics in leaves of wheat associated with leaf position on the plant.the seasonal change in leaf water potential and its components, stomatal resistance, specific leaf weight, photosynthesis rate, the activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and nitrate reductase, and soluble proteins were measured in flag leaves (ninth from base in position), seventh and fifth leaves of wheat triticum aestivum l. cv kalyansona. flag leaves had a lower water and solute potential and lower or equal turgor pressure than seventh and fifth leaves. these differences were fo ...198416663500
metabolism of r,s-[2-(14)c]abscisic acid by non-stressed and water-stressed detached leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).metabolism of r,s-[2-(14)c]abscisic acid (aba) was studied in detached leaves of six wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars, using non-stressed leaves or leaves water stressed by desiccation to 90% of their original fresh weight. the rate constant of aba metabolism was similar in nonstressed leaves of all cultivars. water stress resulted in significantly lower rate constants in two cultivars which accumulated high levels of aba when stressed, the constants decreasing by a factor of about 1.5. rate ...198424258508
new hybrids with d genome wheat relatives.the cytology of nine new d genome hybrids involving triticum syriacum, triticum ventricosum, triticum cyclindricum, triticum juvenale, triticum crassum, triticum tauschii and triticum aestivum is described. the calculation of numerical values of the relative affinity and the patterns of chromosome pairing indicate that the d genome in t. syriacum and t. juvenale may have been substantially modified and that of t. crassum somewhat modified from that of the diploid progenitor, t. tauschii.198417246199
physiological responses to salinity in selected lines of wheat.two selections of bread wheat, triticum aestivum l., differing in their relative salt resistance, were grown in salinized solution culture, and relative growth rates, osmotic adjustment, ion accumulation, and photosynthesis were monitored to study the responses of the plants to salinity.differences in water relations were minimal and were only apparent for 3 days following salinization. the lines differed substantially in their relative growth rates and photosynthetic responses for several weeks ...198416663433
evidence for homologous recombination between repeated sequences containing 18s and 5s ribosomal rna genes in wheat mitochondrial dna.closely linked genes for 18s and 5s rrnas have been located on four different cloned sali restriction fragments of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mitochondrial dna. restriction analysis has revealed that in each of the cloned fragments, the 18s and 5s rrna genes are contained within the same basic structural unit, r, which is at least 4 kbp long. this unit is flanked by sequences designated u (0.8 kbp), v (13.7 kbp), w (0.7 kbp), and y (1.4 kbp), in the orientations v-r-w, v-r-y, u-r-w, and u-r-y ...198416453499
cultivar and cultivar x environment effects on the development of callus and polyhaploid plants from anther cultures of wheat.plants of three common wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell) cultivars and one randomly selected doubled-haploid line derived by anther culture from each of the three cultivars were each grown in three environments, a field environment, a greenhouse environment, and a growth chamber environment. anthers containing largely miduninucleate to late uninucleate microspores were cultured and calli were induced to regenerate plants in order to assess the effects of cultivar, cultivar family (cultivar ...198424258560
identification of c-banded chromosomes in meiosis of common wheat, triticum aestivum l.the c-banding pattern of nine meiotic chromosomes of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) as described. in f1s of crosses between monosomics of 'chinese spring' and two spanish wheat cultivars, univalent chromosomes were used to aid the recognition and analysis of the c-banding pattern for the individual chromosomes. the identification of one chromosome involved in one translocation in 'chinese spring' x 'pané 247' has been made through heterochromatin bands observed in the chromosomes involved i ...198424258557
chromosome variation in wheat plants regenerated from cultured immature embryos.a cytological study has been made of plants regenerated from cultured immature embryos of four wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42). in total, 29% of the 192 plants examined were aneuploid with a range in chromosome numbers of 38-45. evidence of chromosome structural changes was also found. this variation occurred in regenerants of all four cultivars, but there were large differences in the proportions of aneuploids arising from individual cultures which meant that no significant di ...198424258556
influence of selected cultural practices on winter survival of pratylenchus brachyurus and subsequent effects on soybean yield.planting date of soybean, glycine max, influenced winter survival of pratylenchus brachyurus in microplots at two locations in north carolina. delayed planting resulted in a linear decrease (p = 0.05) in the numbers of p. brachyurus at soybean harvest. effects of planting date on nematode numbers persisted over winter, indicating that survival in the absence of a host is density independent. compared with winter fallow, winter wheat, triticum aestivum, reduced winter survival of p. brachyurus. s ...198519294125
proteins in intercellular washing fluid from noninoculated and rust-affected leaves of wheat and barley.proteins in intercellular washing fluid (iwf) from wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare) leaves were separated by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and stained with coomassie brilliant blue (cbb) or silver. intracellular protein from the cut ends of leaves accounted for only a small proportion of total protein in iwf from wheat leaves. when these were heavily infected with the stem rust fungus (puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) and grown at ...198516664314
the amino acid sequence of wheat histone h2a(1). a core histone with a c-terminal extension.the complete amino acid sequence (145 residues) of histone variant h2a(1) from wheat germ triticum aestivum cultivar t4 has been established from edman degradation of large overlapping fragments. the sequence of histone variant h2a(1) differs from the homologous calf histone in 61 amino acid positions. these differences include an extension of h2a(1) by 19 amino acids at its carboxyl end.19854018096
lectin-binding ability of immunoglobulin e and its participation in triggering of mast cells.eleven purified lectins were compared in their ige-precipitating, mast-cell-degranulating and histamine-releasing activity and in eliciting skin allergic reactions in atopic or normal people. a significantly positive relationship could be proved between their ige-precipitating activity and degranulation of ige-sensitized rat mast cells. a similar and often significant relation was observed in skin reactions and histamine released from human leukocytes. soybean lectin reacted with concanavalin a ...19852408980
electrostatic surface properties of plasmalemma vesicles from oat and wheat roots. ion binding and screening investigated by 9-aminoacridine fluorescence.right-side-out and sealed plasmalemma vesicles were isolated from roots of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. drabant) and oat (avena sativa l. cv. brighton) by two-phase partition in a medium containing sucrose (0.25 mol l(-1)). oat root plasmalemma vesicles were discovered to contain a strongly fluorescent compound with an emission maximum at 418 nm. the surface potential of the membranes was monitored by 9-aminoacridine fluorescence and the effect of protein concentration, mannitol versus ...198524249604
homology between legumin-like polypeptides from cereals and pea.the presence of legumin-like constituents within the globulin fractions of wheat (triticum aestivum), rye (secale cereale) and corn (maize, zea mays) was demonstrated. two-dimensional analysis of wheat globulins in the presence and absence of a reducing agent revealed the existence of reducible approximately 60 kda polypeptides. western-blot analysis with 125i-labelled antibodies raised against the oat (avena sativa) 12s globulin holoprotein or its alpha-subunits demonstrated, firstly, the immun ...19853985947
effects of root applications of gibberellic acid on photosynthesis and growth in c3 and c 4 plants.the effects of root applications of gibberellic acid (ga3) on growth and photosynthesis of 12 species of plants including c3 monocots (triticum aestivum l., wheat, hordeum vulgare l., barley and avena sativa l., oat), c3 dicots (vigna radiata l., mung bean, cucurbita moschata l., squash and capsicum annuum l., pepper), c4 monocots (zea mays l., corn, sorghum vulgare l., sorghum and panicum ramosum l., millet) and c4 dicots (amaranthus retroflexus l., pigweed, kochia scoparis l., kochia and gomph ...198524442874
development of meloidogyne chitwoodi on wheat.postinfection development of meloidogyne chitwoodi from second-stage juveniles (j2) to mature females and egg deposition on 'nugaines' winter wheat required 105, 51, 36, and 21 days at 10, 15, 20, and 25 c. at 25 c, the j2 induced cavities and hyperplasia in the cortex and apical meristem of root tips with hypertrophy of cortical and apical meristem cell nuclei, 2 and 5 days after inoculation. giant cells induced by late j2 were observed in the stele 10 days after inoculation. clusters of egg-la ...198519294100
tagetitoxin affects plastid development in seedling leaves of wheat.ultrastructural and biochemical approaches were used to investigate the mode of action of tagetitoxin, a nonhost-specific phytotoxin produced by pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis (hellmers) young, dye and wilkie, which causes chlorosis in developing - but not mature - leaves. tagetitoxin has no effect on the growth rate or morphology of developing leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. its cytological effects are limited to plastid aberrations; in both light-and dark-grown leaves treat ...198524241135
structural homology of endosperm high molecular weight glutenin subunits of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.).several high molecular weight endosperm glutenin subunits, coded by genes located on chromosomes 1a, 1b and 1d of common wheat, triticum aestivum l. em. thell., were isolated from excised gel segments and subjected to amino acid analysis and peptide mapping; the latter was carried out following a limited digestion with trypsin, chymotrypsin or staphylococcus aureus - v8 protease. generally, all high molecular weight glutenins had a similar amino acid composition but several significant differenc ...198524253121
fusion characteristics of plant protoplasts in electric fields.the electrical parameters important in the fusion of plant protoplasts aligned dielectrophoretically in high-frequency alternating electric fields have been established. protoplasts were aligned in an alternating electric field between two relatively distant (1 mm) electrodes, by dielectrophoresis induced by field inhomogeneities caused by the protoplasts themselves. this arrangement allowed ease of manipulations, large throughput and low loss of protoplasts. in analytical experiments, sufficien ...198524241045
sequence analysis of vicia faba highly repeated dna: the bamhi repeated sequence families.cleavage of vicia faba nuclear dna with the restriction endonuclease bamhi yielded discrete size classes of 250, 850, 900, 990, 1 150, 1 500 and 1 750 bp of highly repetitive dna. each of these sequence families comprised about 3% of the total genomic dna. some sequence members from each sequence family were cloned in pbr322 and their primary structures determined. computer analyses of nucleotide sequences suggested the existence of about 60 bp sequence periodicity within the repeating unit of t ...198524306539
detoxification of n-(phosphonoacetyl)-l-aspartate by carrot cells in suspension culture.in bacterial and mammalian cells, n-(phosphonoacetyl)-l-aspartate (pala) suppresses growth by strongly inhibiting aspartate transcarbamoylase (atcase; ec 2.1.3.2), a key enzyme of the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. at a concentration that would suppress growth in mammalian or bacterial cells, and that is nearly a million-fold greater than the inhibition constant (k i ) for atcase in carrot (daucus carota) seedling extracts, pala does not suppress growth of carrot cells in suspension culture. t ...198524241524
effect of the 1b/1r translocation on anther culture ability in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).using two varieties, their reciprocal hybrids, f8 lines and doubled haploids, results confirmed that three genetic components are involved in wheat anther culture ability, viz embryo induction frequency, regeneration ability and the frequency of albinism. in these experiments, no significant maternal effects were noticed. for embryo yields, transgressive lines were obtained from hybrids between distant genotypes. regeneration of green plants depended upon two independent traits: regeneration abi ...198524254069
genetical analysis of chromosome 5a of wheat and its influence on important agronomic characters.chromosome 5a of bread wheat, triticum aestivum carries the major gene, vrnl, which is one of the main determinants of the winter/spring growth habit polymorphism in this species. genetical analysis of this chromosome has been carried out using single-chromosome recombinant lines to establish the pleiotropic effects of this locus and two other major genes, q determining ear morphology and bl determining the presence of awns, on important agronomic characters. the three major genes were located o ...198524247464
the incorporation and characterization of powdery mildew resistance from aegilops longissima in common wheat (t. aestivum l.).in the progeny of a hybrid between monotelosomic line 3b of 'chinese spring' wheat and 'chinese spring' - aegilops longissima ditelosomic addition line 'g' a cytologically stable strain was selected consisting of 20 wheat chromosome pairs, one pair of telosomic chromosome 3bl and one pair of telosomic longissima chromosome 'g'. inoculating 'chinese spring' - aegilops longissima addition and substitution lines with ten different powdery mildew isolates, partial resistance was observed. the infect ...198524247463
the effect of wheat cytoplasm on the synthesis of wheat x rye hybrids.four nuclear genotypes of triticum aestivum l., each substituted into the cytoplasm of t. timococcum kostoff, aegilops ventricosa tausch and t. timopheevi zhuk., were crossed with four homozygous secale cereale l. inbred lines to produce 48 alloplasmic octoploid primary triticales. crossability, embryo differentiation, amphihaploid plantlet recovery in vitro, and response to colchicine treatment were investigated. it was found that in general the effects of the wheat cytoplasm on the characteris ...198524247454
organelle genome stability in anther-derived doubled haploids of wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. 'moisson').chloroplast and mitochondrial compartments of a parental line of wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. 'moisson') and its anther-derived doubled haploid lines have been analyzed and compared on the basis of their dna restriction patterns. the results obtained show that no noticeable difference can be detected between doubled haploid lines and parental line at the level of ctdna and mtdna organization. it may be concluded that in vitro culture by itself does not systematically generate a cytoplasmic v ...198524247401
nucleolus organizer competition in triticum aestivum - aegilops umbellulata chromosome addition lines.the nucleolar organizer activity of wheat (triticum aestivum, aabbdd) and aegilops umbellulata (uu) chromosomes have been analyzed in the complete set of the chromosome addition lines by using a highly reproducible silver-staining procedure. chromosomes 1u and 5u produce the partial inactivation of wheat nucleolar organizer chromosomes 6b, 1b and 5d. the chromosomes d and g from ae. umbellulata, which are not sat-chromosomes, seem to specifically influence the activity of wheat nors. the predomi ...198524247394
induction of recombination between rye chromosome 1rl and wheat chromosomes.the ph1b mutant in bread wheat has been used to induce homoeologous pairing and recombination between chromosome arm 1rl of cereal rye and wheat chromosome/s. a figure of 2.87% was estimated for the maximal frequency of recombination between a rye glutelin locus tightly linked to the centromere and the heterochromatic telomere on the long arm of rye chromosome 1r in the progeny of ph1b homozygotes. this equates to a gametic recombination frequency of 1.44%. this is the first substantiated geneti ...198524247384
interaction of wheat germ ca-dependent protein kinases with calmodulin antagonists and polyamines.the two soluble ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases resolved from wheat (triticum aestivum) embryo (protein kinases i and ii) are inhibited by the phenothiazine-derived calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine fluphenazine, and chlorpromazine. protein kinases i and ii are also inhibited by a variety of other calmodulin antagonists (including calmidazolium, amitriptyline, and iprindole), phosphodiesterase inhibitors (including flufenamic acid and papavarine) and by lanthanides. a number of compounds t ...198516664554
cytotoxic effects of wheat gliadin-derived peptides.the peptic-tryptic-cotazym (ptc) digest, obtained from bread wheat gliadin by simulating in vivo protein digestion, was more active than the ptc-digest of durum wheat gliadin in reversibly inhibiting hep-2 cell proliferation and in increasing cellular acid phosphatase. colony-forming ability of the cells was not affected by treatment with both bread or durum wheat gliadin peptides. the peptic-tryptic (pt) digest of bread wheat gliadin also showed agglutinating activity of hep-2 cells.19854071551
relative efficiency of two mating systems and selection procedures for yield improvement in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).the relative efficiences of the biparental mating systems and selfing series in connection with phenotypic and geno-phenotypic selection procedures were evaluated for yield improvement in a cross 'hp1102' x 'cpan 1681' of wheat. two selection cycles having a 4 per cent selection intensity for grain yield were carried out following both selection procedures under the two mating systems. following these selection procedures, a greater improvement for grain yield could be achieved with the biparent ...198524247346
studies on the photoactivation of the water-oxidizing enzyme : i. processes limiting photoactivation in hydroxylamine-extracted leaf segments.in weak yet optimal light intensity, complete photoactivation of the water-oxidizing enzyme in nh(2)oh-extracted wheat (triticum aestivum, var oasis) leaf segments could be obtained only after long dark preincubation. photoactivation was not affected by ethylenediaminetetraacetate or inhibitors of photophosphorylation and protein synthesis, but was partially inhibited by a divalent cation ionophore. complete photoactivation required ligation of approximately 4 mn by the water oxidizing enzyme.wi ...198516664491
effect of frost hardening on lipid and fatty acid composition of chloroplast thylakoid membranes in two wheat varieties of contrasting hardiness.lipid and fatty acid composition of chloroplast thylakoid membranes was determined in two varieties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the hardy miranovskaja and the sensitive penjamo. plants were grown at room temperature or under frost hardening conditions (1.5 degrees c). changes in lipid and fatty acid composition of the isolated thylakoids could be related to the temperature dependence of light-stimulated proton uptake. changes in the thylakoid phospholipids upon hardening of the two varietie ...198516664487
em polypeptide and its messenger rna levels are modulated by abscisic acid during embryogenesis in wheat.the effect of abscisic acid (aba) on the expression of the 'early-methionine-labeled' (em) polypeptide was examined in cultured, immature wheat (triticum aestivum, l.) embryos and in developing embryos in planta. a complementary dna (cdna) library was constructed from poly(a)-rich rna from immature embryos cultured in the presence of aba. aba-enhanced sequences were first identified by differential colony-blot hybridization, and then verified using rna slot-blot analysis. dot-blot hybridization ...19852932332
the nucleotide sequence of a hmw glutenin subunit gene located on chromosome 1a of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).a cloned 8.2 kb ecori fragment has been isolated from a genomic library of dna derived from triticum aestivum l. cv. cheyenne. this fragment contains sequences related to the high molecular weight (hmw) subunits of glutenin, proteins considered to be important in determining the elastic properties of gluten. the cloned hmw subunit gene appears to be derived from chromosome 1a. the nucleotide sequence of this gene has provided new information on the structure and evolution of the hmw subunits. ho ...19852997729
heat modification of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase by temperature pretreatment of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings.the effect of low-, ambient- and high-temperature pretreatments (48 h at 4° c, 20° c or 36° c) of wheat seedlings (spring wheat triticum aestivum l., cv. kolibri) on the solubility properties of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubpcase; ec 4.1.1.39) was studied. the extractable protein moiety of heat-pretreated plants exhibited increased solubility in dilute buffer (50 mm k-phosphate, ph 6.8), compared with protein extracted from 4° c- or 20° c-plants. the salting-out characteri ...198524241320
the membranes of slowly drought-stressed wheat seedlings: a freeze-fracture study.seedlings of triticum aestivum l. cv. neepawa were slowly drought-stressed by witholding water after sowing in pots. leaf extension stopped during development of the third leaf. damage was assessed by rewatering the pots and measuring regrowth; 1-5 d after growth stopped, rewatering induced significant regrowth within several hours; 6-13 d after growth stopped, regrowth was delayed; from 14 d after growth stopped, no regrowth occurred after rewatering. leaf bases were excised from the drought-st ...198524241306
changes in carbohydrate composition in wheat and pea seedlings induced by calcium deficiency.wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv jubilar) seedlings were grown for 10 days in hydroponics with or without calcium. in the leaves, ca deficiency caused the level of ethanol soluble carbohydrate to increase between 2-and 10-fold, enhanced dark respiration and decreased co(2) fixation capacity. sucrose was the major carbohydrate to accumulate in wheat roots.198516664395
importance of environmental ph during root development on phosphate absorption.wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l. cv gamenya) were grown for 4 days in culture solutions of differing ph prior to studying their subsequent short-term absorption of (32)pi from solutions of the same or different ph.increasing ph of the absorption solution from 5.5 to 7.0 or 8.0 depressed (32)pi absorption from 1 and 10 micromolar pi but had little effect at 100 and 1000 micromolar pi. increasing the ph of the culture solution from 4.5 to 6.5 doubled or trebled subsequent (32)pi absorption fr ...198516664359
determination of organic acids in seven wheat varieties by capillary gas chromatography.fresh wheat tops were extracted with acidic 90% ethanol, and the ethanol was evaporated and a portion of the aqueous residue loaded onto deae-sephadex. organic acids were eluted with pyridinium formate and then lyophilized and the dried residue was derivatized with 1% trimethylchlorosilane in bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. the acids were then quantitatively determined using capillary gas chromatography and identified using capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the acidic ethano ...19854073499
cytogenetic analysis of forms produced by crossing hexaploid triticale with common wheat.hexaploid triticales were crossed with common wheats, and the resultant froms were selected for either triticale (ad 213/5-80) or common wheat (lines 381/80, 391/80, 393/80). the cytogenetic analysis showed that all forms differ in their chromosome composition. triticale ad 213/5-80 and wheat line 381/80 were stable forms with 2n = 6x = 42. lines 391/80 and 393/80 were cytologically unstable. in triticale ad 213/5-80, a 2r (2d) chromosome substitution was found. each of the three wheat lines had ...198524253064
appearance of wheat-germ agglutinin during maturation of field-grown wheat.field-grown wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has been used as a developmental system to study the appearance of wheat-germ agglutinin during grain maturation. the lectin appears at the mid-grain growth period (30-34 days post-anthesis) and continues to be synthesised throughout the late stages of maturation and desiccation. an acidic endopeptidase activity, inhibited by pepstatin-phenanthroline is present in extracts of embryo and endosperm throughout maturation. after in-vivo labelling of immature ...198524241143
nitrogen metabolism in senescent flag leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in the light.nitrogen metabolism was examined in senescent flag leaves of 90- to 93-day-old wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv yecora 70) plants. co(2) assimilation and the levels of protein, chlorophyll, and nitrogen in the leaves decreased with age. glutamine synthetase activity decreased to one-eighth of the level in young flag leaves. detached leaves were incubated (with the cut base) in (15)n-labeled nh(3), glutamate, or glycine in the light (1.8 millieinstein per square meter per second) at 25 degrees c in ...198516664324
role of d-genome chromosomes in photosynthesis expression in wheats.the role of d-genome chromosomes in the expression of net photosynthesis in wheats was analysed with the nullitetrasomic and ditelosomic lines of the bread wheat cultivar 'chinese spring'. the two arms of chromosome 3 d and the short arm of chromosome 6 d control major mechanisms of photosynthesis. the effect of chromosome 6 d can be thoroughly compensated by that of its homoeologues of genomes a or b, contrary to what can be observed for chromosome 3 d. chromosome 7 d is responsible for the low ...198524253914
the effect of additions ofaegilops longissima chromosomes on grain protein in common wheat.the effect of various chromosomes ofaegilops longissima when added to the common wheat cultivar 'chinese spring' was evaluated at two levels of nitrogen fertilization for absolute and relative amount of protein in the grain. all the added chromosomes ofae. longissima increased protein percentage: protein increase by chromosomes d, c and a averaged 3.8% while that by chromosomes f, e, g and b averaged 1.7%. addition lines f, d and c had a significantly higher protein weight per grain. on the othe ...198524253912
meiotic pairing in hybrids between tetraploid triticale and related species: new elements concerning the chromosome constitution of tetraploid triticale.two f5 strains of tetraploid triticale (2n= 4x=28), obtained from 6x triticalex2 rye progenies, were crossed with diploid and tetraploid rye, some durum and bread wheats, and various 8x and 6x triticale lines. meiosis in the different hybrid combinations was studied. the results showed that the haploid complement of these triticales consists of seven chromosomes from rye and seven chromosomes from wheat. high frequencies of pmcs showing trivalents were observed in hybrids involving the reference ...198524253010
cell size and chloroplast size in relation to chloroplast replication in light-grown wheat leaves.as part of an investigation into the control of chloroplast replication the number and size of chloroplasts in mesophyll cells was examined in relation to the size of the cells. in first leaves of triticum aestivum l. and t. monococcum l. the number of chloroplasts in fully expanded mesophyll cells is positively correlated with the plan area of the cells. the linear relationship between chloroplast number per cell and cell plan area is also consistent over a fivefold range of cell size in isogen ...198524240966
effect of low temperature and calcium on survival and membrane properties of isolated winter wheat cells.isolated cells obtained by enzymic digestion of young primary leaves of cold-hardened, dark-grown kharkov winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were exposed to various low temperature stresses. the initial uptake of (86)rb was generally decreased by increasing concentrations of ca(2+), but after longer periods of incubation, the inhibiting effect of high ca(2+) levels diminished. viability of isolated cells suspended in water declined rapidly when ice encased at -1 degrees c, while in the presence ...198516664270
intrachromosomal mapping of crossability genes in wheat (triticum aestivum).intrachromosomal mapping studies were used to locate the positions of the genes kr1 and kr2, which control the crossability of wheat with hordeum bulbosum, on chromosomes 5b and 5a, respectively. the location of kr1 was established using the telocentric mapping technique and found to be on the long arm of chromosome 5b, distal to the centromere with a mean recombination frequency of 44.8±3.28%. kr2 was located on the long arm of chromosome 5a by linkage with the major gene markers vrn1, controll ...198524252927
factors affecting the induction of pollen plants of intergeneric hybrids of triticum aestivum x triticum-agropyron.experimental results showed that the use of potato extract as a basic component of culture medium had a promoting effect on producing calli in anther culture of the intergeneric hybrids of triticum aestivum × triticum-agropyron (intermediate type). the induction frequencies of pollen callus on the potato-ii medium containing potato extract as the main component was much higher than that found on n6 and w5 media. the induction frequencies of pollen callus and green plantlets in four intergeneric ...198524252924
the nadph-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase is the major protein constituent of prolamellar bodies in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).a fraction of highly purified prolamellar bodies was isolated from etioplasts of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. starke ii, weibull), as previously described by ryberg and sundqvist (1982, physiol. plant., 56, 125-132). studies on the protein composition revealed that only one major polypeptide of an apparent molecular weight of 36000 is present in the fraction of prolamellar bodies. this polypeptide was identified as the nadph-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase. the highest specific activity of ...198524249610
the influence of temperature on chromosome elimination during embryo development in crosses involving hordeum spp., wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rye (secale cereale l.).several interspecific and intergeneric crosses involving five hordeum species, triticum aestivum and secale cereale were carried out to investigate the influence of two contrasting temperatures on chromosome elimination during embryo development. in four of the interspecific hordeum crosses, chromosome elimination was significantly increased at the higher of the two temperatures, resulting in greater proportions of haploid plant progenies. however, there was no significant effect of temperature ...198524254180
comparative genetic analyses of metric traits using diallel and factorial mating designs in bread wheat.for studying the inheritance of metric traits, diallel cross and factorial mating designs are commonly used. since factorial mating design is less restrictive in crossing plans, the genetic information drawn from it was compared with that from a diallel cross. the comparison was made using graphical, genetic components and combining ability analyses for grain yield, grain weight and spike length in a field experiment of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). analyses were made on a nine parent dial ...198524253828
intrachromosomal mapping of the nucleolar organiser region relative to three marker loci on chromosome 1b of wheat (triticum aestivum).restriction enzyme digestion of the ribosomal rna genes of the nucleolar organisers of wheat has revealed fragment length polymorphisms for the nucleolar organiser on chromosome 1b and the nucleolar organiser on 6b. variation between genotypes for these regions has also been demonstrated. this variation has been exploited to determine the recombination frequency between the physically defined nucleolar organiser on 1b (designatednor1) and other markers; two loci,glu-b1 andgli-b1 which code for e ...198524253819
specificity of an antibody to a subunit of high-molecular-weight storage protein from wheat seed and its reaction with other cereal storage proteins (prolamins).an antiserum to subunit 2 from the high-molecular-weight (hmw) subunits of the glutenin fraction of triticum aestivum cv. highbury was shown to react with related subunits from other cultivars of wheat. the reaction was measured quantitatively by laser nephelometry in polyethylene glycol phosphate-buffered saline after dissolving the hmw fraction in 0.1 m acetic acid; urea used to dissolve the hmw prolamins inhibited the reaction, in some cases at the low concentration of 0.06 m. a study of the ...198524249513
physiological and metabolic responses of winter wheat to prolonged freezing stress.survival and cold hardiness declined gradually when cold-hardened fredrick winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was maintained at -6 degrees c for several weeks. moisture content of crown and root tissue did not change significantly during this period. uptake of o(2) and accumulation of (86)rb by root tissue declined abruptly upon exposure to -6 degrees c, whereas a concomitant negative effect of freezing on these metabolic processes was not observed in crown tissue. electron spin resonance spect ...198516664200
the chromosome constitution of plants derived from pollen of hexaploid triticale x common wheat f1 hybrids.the anthers of three f1 hybrids of hexaploid triticale and common wheat ('rosner' x 'kedong 58', 'beagle' x 'kedong 58' and 'beagle' x 'jinghua no. 1') were cultured on four media in vitro. more than 900 green plants were obtained. the chromosome numbers ranged from 17 to 27 for haploid derivatives and from 38 to 52 for diploid regenerates. the chromosome constitutions of the pollen plants reflect those of the gametes found in the donor plants (genome formula: aabbdr). the value of such pollen p ...198524254120
changes in the activities of chloroplast and cytosolic isoenzymes of glutamine synthetase during normal leaf growth and plastid development in wheat.soluble protein extracts and chloroplasts from a serial sequence of transverse sections of a 7-d-old wheat leaf (triticum aestivum cv. maris huntsman) were used to study changes in the activity of glutamine synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.1.2) during cell and chloroplast development. glutamine synthetase activity increased more than 50-fold per cell from the base to the tip of the wheat leaf. two isoenzymes of gs were separated using fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc). glutamine synthetase localiz ...198524249453
interlocked bivalents in reconstructed metaphase i cells of bread wheat.complete reconstructions of all the bivalents were made from electron micrographs of serial sections through six pollen mother cells at metaphase i of meiosis in triticum aestivum (hexaploid bread wheat). at least two of these metaphases contained interlocked pairs of bivalents. in one, two ring bivalents were interlocked, while in another a rod bivalent ran through the centre of a ring bivalent. two other groups of bivalents were too closely appressed to allow separation into individual bivalen ...19854044683
microtubules and root protophloem ontogeny in wheat.protophloem ontogeny in roots of triticum aestivum has been investigated ultrastructurally. each protophloem pole consists of three cells, a protophloem sieve element and two companion cells, all originating from a single precursor cell usually having a pentahedral shape. this protophloem mother cell (pmc) undergoes two successive asymmetrical divisions: the first one gives rise to a smaller cell that will differentiate into a companion cell, and a larger one that divides again asymmetrically yi ...19854044669
effect of triticum vulgare extract on dna synthesis of mammalian cells. 19854034741
genetic control of endosperm proteins in wheat : 3. allocation to chromosomes and differential expression of high molecular weight glutenin and gliadin genes in intervarietal substitution lines of common wheat.total endosperm proteins extracted from both several common wheat cultivars and some intervarietal substitution lines derived from them were fractionated according to their molecular weight in a high resolution one-dimensional gel electrophoresis. the four donor cultivars and the recipient one - 'chinese spring', possessed differentially migrating protein bands in the fractions of high molecular weight (hmw) glutenins and gliadins. several of these bands were identified for the first time in thi ...198524254017
a freeze-etch study of the effects of extracellular freezing on cellular membranes of wheat.seedlings of triticum aestivum l. cv. lennox were grown in different environments to obtain different hardiness. pieces of laminae and leaf bases were slowly cooled to sub-zero temperatures and the damage caused was assessed by an ion-leakage method. comparable pieces of tissue were slowly cooled to temperatures between 2° and-14°c and were then freeze-fixed and freeze-etched. membranes generally retained their lamellar structures indicated by the abundance of typical membrane fracture faces in ...198524249403
wheat tissues freeze-etched during exposure to extracellular freezing: distribution of ice.pieces excised from leaf bases and laminae of seedlings of triticum aestivum l. cv. lennox were slowly frozen, using a specially designed apparatus, to temperatures between 2° and 14° c. these treatments ranged from non-damaging to damaging, based on ion-leakage tests to be found in the accompanying report (pearce and willison 1985, planta 163, 304-316). the frozen tissue pieces were then freeze-fixed by rapidly cooling them, via melting freon, to liquid-nitrogen temperature. the tissue was subs ...198524249402
protein metabolism in senescing wheat leaves : determination of synthesis and degradation rates and their effects on protein loss.wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l.) at the moment of their maximum expansion were detached and put in darkness. their protein, rna and dna contents, as well as their rates of protein synthesis and degradation, were measured at different times from 0 to 5 days after detachment. rates of protein synthesis were measured by incorporation into proteins of large amounts of [(3)h]leucine. fractional rates of protein degradation were estimated either from the difference between the rates of synthesis an ...198516664103
rapid suppression of extension growth in dark-grown wheat seedlings by red light.continuous recordings were made using a linear displacement transducer to investigate short-term growth responses of intact dark-grown wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv maris huntsman) seedlings to red light. to eliminate any effect of light prior to the experimental treatments, the seedlings were grown and mounted on the transducer apparatus in total darkness. the growth kinetics after irradiation were complex and appeared to consist of three successive phases of growth deceleration. when the tip ...198516664096
reduced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and tyrosine ammonia-lyase activities and lignin synthesis in wheat grown under low pressure sodium lamps.wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv fremont) grown in hydroponic culture under 24-hour continuous irradiation at 560 to 580 micromoles per square meter per second from either metalhalide (mh), high pressure sodium (hps), or low pressure sodium (lps) lamps reached maturity in 70 days. grain yields were similar under all three lamps, although lps-grown plants lodged at maturity. phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) and a tyrosine ammonia lyase (tal) with lesser activity were detected in all extracts of le ...198511540097
monoclonal antibodies to plant plasma-membrane antigens.murine monoclonal antibodies to membrane antigens were generated by immunization with a crude cellular membrane preparation from suspension-cultured cells of nicotiana glutinosa l. from a panel of thirteen monoclonal antibodies, seven were found to be directed against antigens present on the plasma-membrane by immunofluorescence visualization of antibody binding to the surface of isolated protoplasts. the corresponding set of plasma-membrane antigen(s) were present in root, shoot and leaf tissue ...198624240360
new species of cyst nematode heterodera pakistanensis (nematoda: heteroderidae) attacking wheat in pakistan.heterodera pakistanensis n. sp., described and illustrated from roots of common wheat (triticum aestivum) from sukkur, sind, pakistan, belongs to the goettingiana group. it is most closely related to h. cyperi golden, rau &cobb, 1962, h. raskii basnet & jayaprakash, 1984, and h. mothi khan &husain, 1965. second-stage juveniles (j2) can be distinguished from h. cyperi j2 by an areolated lateral field with four incisures and shorter stylet, whereas cysts are separated by a more elongated vulva sli ...198619294224
stimulation of cell division in mouse fibroblast line 3t3 by an extract derived from triticum vulgare.the ability of an extract derived from triticum vulgare, the common wheat plant, to stimulate cellular proliferation of mouse 3t3 fibroblast cells was investigated. cellular response to triticum extract (te) was most evident in sparse cultures made quiescent by growing cells on low concentrations (0.6%) of calf serum. the growth-promoting activity in the extract was lost after dialysis but was resistant to heat treatment and digestion with trypsin or chymotrypsin, suggesting a low-molecular-weig ...19863744720
lectin histochemistry applied to human nerves.histologic sections of normal and pathologically altered human peripheral nerves were stained with a battery of 20 fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled lectins to determine whether these histochemical reagents could be used to identify peripheral nerve injury. eight plant lectins--from canavalia ensiformis, lens culinaris, triticum vulgare (wheat germ), types e4 and l4 from phaseolus vulgaris, types i and ii from ricinus communis, and wistaria floribunda--were found to bind to normal and pathologi ...19863015069
continuous monitoring of plant water potential.plant water potential was monitored continuously with a wescor hr-33t dewpoint hygrometer in conjunction with a l51 chamber. this commercial instrument was modified by replacing the ac-dc mains power converter with one stabilized by zener diode controlled transistors. the thermocouple sensor and electrical lead needed to be thermally insulated to prevent spurious signals. for rapid response and faithful tracking a low resistance for water vapor movement between leaf and sensor had to be provided ...198616664805
synthesis of a photosystem i polypeptide of 15 kilodaltons in isolated etiochloroplasts of wheat.etiochloroplasts isolated from greening wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv norin 61) seedlings synthesized a membrane polypeptide of 15 kilodaltons. one-dimensional peptide mapping with staphylococcus aureus v8 protease revealed that the 15 kilodaltons polypeptide is the subunit 5 of photosystem i reaction center complex.198616664886
phase transitions in liposomes formed from the polar lipids of mitochondria from chilling-sensitive plants.the thermal response of mitochondrial polar lipids from a variety of chilling-sensitive and chilling-insensitive plants was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. a phase transition was observed at 15 degrees c for mitochondria from soybeam (glycine max. cv davis) hypocotyl, at 16 degrees c for tomato (lycopersicon esculentum cv flora-dade and cv grosse lisse) fruit, at 15 degrees c for cucumber (cucumus sativus l.) fruit, at 14 degrees c for mung bean (vigna radiata var berken) hypoco ...198616664907
exoamylase activity in vacuoles isolated from pea and wheat leaf protoplasts.vacuoles isolated from pea (pisum sativum), and wheat (triticum aestivum) leaf protoplasts contained considerable activities of electrophoretically highly mobile exoamylases. vacuoles from spinach (spinacia oleracea) leaf and photoautotrophic chenopodium rubrum suspension culture cell protoplasts were devoid of amylolytic activity. endoamylase activity was in all cases associated primarily with the chloroplast.198616665144
biosynthesis of p700-chlorophyll a protein complex, plastocyanin, and cytochrome b(6)/f complex.changes in the amount of p700-chlorophyll a protein complex, plastocyanin, and cytochrome b(6)/f complex during greening of pea (pisum sativum l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) leaves were analyzed by an immunochemical quantification method. neither subunit i nor ii of p700-chlorophyll a protein complex could be detected in the etiolated seedlings of all three plants and the accumulation of these subunits was shown to be light dependent. on the other hand, a smal ...198616664808
distinction between cytosol and chloroplast fructose-bisphosphate aldolases from pea, wheat, and corn leaves.a reinvestigation of cytosol and chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (fbp) aldolases from pea (pisum sativum l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn leaves (zea mays l.) revealed that the two isoenzymes can be separated by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (deae)-cellulose although the separation was often less clear-cut than for the two aldolases from spinach leaves. definite distinction was achieved by immunoprecipitation of the two isoenzymes with antisera raised against the respective ...198616664617
effect of oxygen on the contribution of respiration to the co(2) compensation point in wheat and bean leaves.the co(2) compensation point at 21% o(2) (gamma(21)) and at 2% o(2) (gamma(2)), and the rate of dark co(2) efflux at 21% o(2) (r(n)) were measured in adult wheat (triticum aestivum l, cv gabo) leaves at the end of the night and after a period of photosynthesis of 5 h at 800 mubar co(2). the values of gamma(21) and r(n) significantly increased after the light period, due to the stimulation of respiration by carbohydrates. in contrast, gamma(2) did not increase after the same period of photosynthe ...198616664825
heat inactivation of starch synthase in wheat endosperm tissue.the effect of temperature on accumulation of starch was studied in grain slices of wheat (triticum aestivum cv sun9e), taken 15 days after anthesis. as compared with pretreatment of such slices at 25 degrees c, pretreatment at 30 or 35 degrees c reduced the subsequent conversion of sucrose to starch. in contrast to rice (oryza sativa cv calrose), pretreatment of wheat soluble starch synthase in vitro at 30 degrees c or higher temperatures reduced its activity. in zymograms using nondenaturing po ...198616664836
copy numbers of chloroplast and nuclear genomes are proportional in mature mesophyll cells of triticum and aegilops species.the possibility of estimating the proportion of chloroplast dna (ctdna) and nuclear dna (ndna) in nucleic-acid extracts by selective digestion with the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme psti, was tested using leaf extracts from spinacia oleracea and triticum aestivum. values of ctdna as percentage ndna were estimated to be 14.58%±0.56 (se) in s. oleracea leaves and 4.97%±0.36 (se) in t. aestivum leaves. these estimates agree well with those already reported for the same type of leaf mater ...198624241861
effect of osmotic stress on ion transport processes and phospholipid composition of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mitochondria.the effect of osmotic stress on wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mitochondrial activity and phospholipid composition was investigated. preliminary growth measurements showed that osmotic stress (-0.25 or -0.5 megapascal external water potential) inhibited the rate of shoot dry matter accumulation while root dry matter accumulation was less sensitive. we have determined that differences in sensitivity to osmotic stress existed between tissues at the mitochondrial level. mitochondria isolated from roo ...198616665169
meiotic pairing and alpha-amylase phenotype in a 5b/5r(m) triticum aestivum - secale montanum translocation line in common wheat.a 5bs/5r(m)s translocation chromosome spontaneously recovered from a 'chinese spring' - secale montanum wheat-rye telocentric 5r(m)s addition line has been identified and cytologically studied using c-banding in somatic and meiotic cells. analysis of the translocated chromosome showed that a terminal segment of the short arm of 5b had been replaced by a short terminal region of chromosome arm 5r(m)s. the translocation led to the deletion of the genetic system promoting pairing located in 5bs, wh ...198624240757
chromosomal alterations in the karyotype of triticale in comparison with the parental forms : 2. heterochromatin of the wheat chromosomes.wheat chromosomes of the primary winter hexaploid and octoploid triticales and of the parental durum and common wheat varieties were studied using morphometric analysis. the size of some heterochromatic segments was shown to change in triticale. telomeric and intercalary c-bands both increased and decreased in size whereas centromeric bands only increased. the size variability of c-bands in triticale b-genome chromosomes decreased in most of the cases and increased only for several specific c-ba ...198624240749
expression of α-amylase and other gibberellin-regulated genes in aleurone tissue of developing wheat grains.aleurone tissue from freshly harvested immature wheat grains (triticum aestivum l. cv. sappo) which is normally unresponsive to gibberellic acid can be made responsive by subjecting the tissue to a pre-incubation treatment in a simple buffered medium prior to the addition of the growth substance. the effectiveness of this treatment is dependent on grain age, with grains less than 15-20 days post anthesis failing to become converted to a responsive state whilst tissue from grains older than this ...198624232656
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 701 - 800 of 7762