Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| production and characterization of hemicellulase activities from trichoderma harzianum strain t4. | xylan and mannan are the major constituent groups of hemicellulose in the cell wall of higher plants. the mesophilic fungus trichoderma harzianum strain t4 produces extracellular xylanase and mannanase activities when grown in the presence of oat (avena sativa)-spelt xylan and wheat bran as the carbon sources respectively. after the growth procedure, the crude extracts were submitted to ultrafiltration in an amicon system fitted with a 10 kda-cut-off membrane. mannanase activity was only detecte ... | 2004 | 14763904 |
| a molecular linkage map with associated qtls from a hulless x covered spring oat population. | in spring-type oat ( avena sativa l.), quantitative trait loci (qtls) detected in adapted populations may have the greatest potential for improving germplasm via marker-assisted selection. an f(6) recombinant inbred (ri) population was developed from a cross between two canadian spring oat varieties: 'terra', a hulless line, and 'marion', an elite covered-seeded line. a molecular linkage map was generated using 430 aflp, rflp, rapd, scar, and phenotypic markers scored on 101 ri lines. this map w ... | 2004 | 14767596 |
| nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species do not elicit hypersensitive cell death but induce apoptosis in the adjacent cells during the defense response of oat. | nitric oxide (no) acts as a signaling molecule in many cellular responses in plants and animals. oat plants (avena sativa l.) evoke the hypersensitive response (hr), which shares morphological and biochemical features with mammalian apoptosis, such as dna laddering and heterochromatin condensation, in response to the avirulent crown rust fungus (puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae). we examined the role of no and reactive oxygen species (ros) in the initiation of hypersensitive cell death, which is ... | 2004 | 15000391 |
| enrichment of conjugated linoleic acid in oats (avena sativa l.) by microbial isomerization. | a method for microbial isomerization of oat linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid (cla) was developed. the method includes hydrolysis of oat lipids in aqueous flour slurries by the endogenous oat lipase. then, the flour slurry containing free linoleic acid is utilized as a substrate for the isomerization reaction carried out by resting cells of propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii. the isomerization reaction progressed most effectively when, after the lipid hydrolysis period, the ... | 2004 | 15030240 |
| repression of pseudomonas putida phenanthrene-degrading activity by plant root extracts and exudates. | the phenanthrene-degrading activity (pda) of pseudomonas putida atcc 17484 was repressed after incubation with plant root extracts of oat (avena sativa), osage orange (maclura pomifera), hybrid willow (salix alba x matsudana), kou (cordia subcordata) and milo (thespesia populnea) and plant root exudates of oat (avena sativa) and hybrid poplar (populus deltoides x nigra dn34). total organic carbon content of root extracts ranged from 103 to 395 mg l(-1). characterization of root extracts identifi ... | 2004 | 15142245 |
| specific detection of fusarium langsethiae and related species by dgge and arms-pcr of a beta-tubulin (tub1) gene fragment. | fusarium langsethiae was recently described as a new toxigenic fusarium species, which morphologically resembles fusarium poae, but exhibits a mycotoxin pattern related to fusarium sporotrichioides. to develop tools for early and specific detection of f. langsethiae and distinguishing it from related species of section sporotrichiella and discolor (f. poae, f. sporotrichioides, fusarium kyushuense, fusarium robustum, fusarium sambucinum and fusarium tumidum) sequence variations in their beta-tub ... | 2004 | 15337597 |
| oat (avena sativa l.) and amaranth (amaranthus hypochondriacus) meals positively affect plasma lipid profile in rats fed cholesterol-containing diets. | cereals are an important part of diets for hypercholesterolemic patients. however, some of these patients are allergic to these natural products. the purpose of the current study was to compare oatmeal with equal in nutritional values two allergy-free amaranth meals to determine whether this pseudocereal can be a substitute for allergic to cereals individuals. the total phenols of the samples were determined with the folin-chocalteu reagent, anthocyanins, and flavonoids spectrophotometrically. t ... | 2004 | 15542354 |
| patterns of virulence in natural populations of puccinia coronata on wild oat in israel and in agricultural populations on cultivated oat in the united states. | abstract crown rust (puccinia coronata) in indigenous populations of avena sterilis has been cited as an example of stability of wild pathosystems that consist of natural mixtures of resistance and virulence. this study confirmed that virulence/avirulence polymorphisms in p. coronata on a. sterilis in israel are highly diverse and that super races do not dominate. isolates of p. coronata from israel in 1991 to 1996 were polymorphic for virulence to 35 of 36 differential oat lines with resistance ... | 2004 | 18943770 |
| effect of winter cover crops on nematode population levels in north florida. | two experiments were conducted in north-central florida to examine the effects of various winter cover crops on plant-parasitic nematode populations through time. in the first experiment, six winter cover crops were rotated with summer corn (zea mays), arranged in a randomized complete block design. the cover crops evaluated were wheat (triticum aestivum), rye (secale cereale), oat (avena sativa), lupine (lupinus angustifolius), hairy vetch (vicia villosa), and crimson clover (trifolium incarnat ... | 2004 | 19262833 |
| phytochrome phosphorylation modulates light signaling by influencing the protein-protein interaction. | plant photoreceptor phytochromes are phosphoproteins, but the question as to the functional role of phytochrome phosphorylation has remained to be elucidated. we investigated the functional role of phytochrome phosphorylation in plant light signaling using a pfr-specific phosphorylation site mutant, ser598ala of oat (avena sativa) phytochrome a (phya). the transgenic arabidopsis thaliana (phya-201 background) plants with this mutant phya showed hypersensitivity to light, suggesting that phytochr ... | 2004 | 15377754 |
| inducible flavone in oats (avena sativa) is a novel defense against plant-parasitic nematodes. | abstract the induction of defense compounds in oats (avena sativa) in response to invasion by parasitic nematodes and to application of the wound hormone methyl jasmonate was examined. oats cv. quoll seedlings were challenged with pratylenchus neglectus, heterodera avenae, and ditylenchus dipsaci and treated with 1 x 10(-4) m methyl jasmonate. three compounds, isolated in methanolic root and shoot extracts of oats, exhibiting an absorbance spectrum typical of flavone glycosides, were induced by ... | 2004 | 18944456 |
| possible evidence for transport of an iron cyanide complex by plants. | barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oat (avena sativa l.), and wild cane (sorghum bicolor l.), were exposed to 15n-labeled ferrocyanide to determine whether these plant species can transport this iron cyanide complex. plants were treated with ferrocyanide in a nutrient solution that simulated iron cyanide contaminated groundwater and soil solutions. this nutrient solution has been shown to maintain ferrocyanide speciation with minimal dissociation to free cyanide. following treatment, all three plants ... | 2004 | 14568716 |
| transmission of maize chromosome 9 rearrangements in oat-maize radiation hybrids. | oat-maize radiation hybrids are oat (avena sativa l.) plants carrying radiation-induced subchromosome fragments of a given maize (zea mays l.) chromosome. since first-generation radiation hybrids contain various maize chromosome rearrangements in a hemizygous condition, variation might be expected in the transmission of these rearrangements to subsequent generations. the transmission and integrity of maize chromosome 9 rearrangements were evaluated in progenies of 30 oat-maize radiation hybrids ... | 2004 | 15644979 |
| disruption of the lov-jalpha helix interaction activates phototropin kinase activity. | light plays a crucial role in activating phototropins, a class of plant photoreceptors that are sensitive to blue and uv-a wavelengths. previous studies indicated that phototropin uses a bound flavin mononucleotide (fmn) within its light-oxygen-voltage (lov) domain to generate a protein-flavin covalent bond under illumination. in the c-terminal lov2 domain of avena sativa phototropin 1, formation of this bond triggers a conformational change that results in unfolding of a helix external to this ... | 2004 | 15610012 |
| transformation of fulvic substances in the rhizosphere during phytoremediation of used motor oil. | changes in the chemical composition of fulvic acids in used oil-contaminated soils treated with different plant species and fertilization (fertilized, f; and nonfertilized, nf) were analyzed by fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ftir). soil contaminated with 1.5% (w/w) used motor oil was seeded with sunflower (helianthus annuus)/indian mustard (brassica juncea); soybean (glycine max)/green bean (phaseolus vulgaris); mixed grasses/maize (zea mays); mixed clover (red clover, trifolium prat ... | 2004 | 15478929 |
| on the reaction mechanism of adduct formation in lov domains of the plant blue-light receptor phototropin. | the blue-light sensitive photoreceptor, phototropin, is a flavoprotein which regulates the phototropism response of higher plants. the photoinduced triplet state and the photoreactivity of the flavin-mononucleotide (fmn) cofactor in two lov domains of avena sativa, adiantum capillus-veneris, and chlamydomonas reinhardtii phototropin have been studied by time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) and uv-vis spectroscopy at low temperatures (t < or = 80 k). differences in the electronic s ... | 2004 | 15339193 |
| synthesis, absolute configuration and biological activities of both enantiomers of 2-(5,7-dichloro-3-indolyl)propionic acid: a novel dichloroindole auxin and antiauxin. | racemic 2-(5,7-dichloro-3-indolyl)propionic acid (5,7-cl(2)-2-ipa) was synthesized from 5,7-dichloroindole-3-acetic acid by successive esterification, methoxycarbonylation, methylation, and double hydrolysis. the racemate was converted to diastereomeric esters of l-menthol; these were separated by recycling hplc into two optically active diastereomers that were then hydrolyzed with p-tsoh to two optically active enantiomers of 5,7-cl(2)-2-ipa. the absolute configurations of both these enantiomer ... | 2004 | 15215593 |
| dissecting the maize genome by using chromosome addition and radiation hybrid lines. | we have developed from crosses of oat (avena sativa l.) and maize (zea mays l.) 50 fertile lines that are disomic additions of individual maize chromosomes 1-9 and chromosome 10 as a short-arm telosome. the whole chromosome 10 addition is available only in haploid oat background. most of the maize chromosome disomic addition lines have regular transmission; however, chromosome 5 showed diminished paternal transmission, and chromosome 10 is transmitted to offspring only as a short-arm telosome. t ... | 2004 | 15197265 |
| changes in ion fluxes during phototropic bending of etiolated oat coleoptiles. | this work has been conducted to assist theoretical modelling of the different stages of the blue light (bl)-induced phototropic signalling pathway and ion transport activity across plant membranes. ion fluxes (ca(2+), h(+), k(+) and cl(-)) in etiolated oat coleoptiles have been measured continuously before and during unilateral bl exposure. | 2004 | 15155378 |
| ovarian development and ovipositional preference of the western corn rootworm (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) variant in east central illinois. | the rotation of maize, zea mays l., and soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., has been the traditional cultural tactic to manage the western corn rootworm, diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte, in the corn belt. the reduced effectiveness of this rotation as a pest management tool in east central illinois, northern indiana, and southern michigan can be explained by the shift in the ovipositional behavior of the new variant of western corn rootworm. the objective of this study was to evaluate the inf ... | 2004 | 15154460 |
| tissue-specific and subcellular localization of phototropin determined by immuno-blotting. | phototropin (phot) is a uv/blue- light receptor mediating phototropic reactions of plants as a response to unilateral irradiation. using an antiserum directed against the n-terminal part of arabidopsis phot1, we show here cross-reaction with phototropin from avena sativa, eruca sativa, glycine max, lepidium sativum, lycopersicon esculentum, pisum sativum, sinapis alba, and zea mays. in all investigated plants, blue light irradiation led to a gel mobility shift of phototropin corresponding to an ... | 2004 | 14634818 |
| purification and properties of apoplastic amylase from oat (avena sativa) seedlings. | the protein fraction extracted with a high ionic strength buffer from the cell wall preparation of oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptiles and first leaves contained starch-degrading (amylase) activity. the activity of apoplastic amylase in the coleoptiles and first leaves continued to increase in parallel with organ growth. one of the apoplastic amylases recovered from shoot cell wall preparations was purified by sequential ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography, and the catalytic properties ... | 2004 | 15086825 |
| thiamine binding and metabolism in germinating seeds of selected cereals and legumes. | the basic characteristics of thiamine metabolism in germinating seeds of maize (zea mays), oat (avena sativa), faba bean (vicia faba) and garden pea (pisum sativum) are presented with a special emphasis of a possible thiamine storage function of seed thiamine-binding proteins (tbps). seeds were germinated for 6 d in the dark. thiamine-binding activity in seeds decreased during germination by 50% in cereals and by 30% in legumes. the degradation of tbps was also detected by polyacrylamide gel ele ... | 2004 | 15051042 |
| purification and characterization of serine proteases that exhibit caspase-like activity and are associated with programmed cell death in avena sativa. | victoria blight of avena sativa (oat) is caused by the fungus cochliobolus victoriae, which is pathogenic because of the production of the toxin victorin. the victorin-induced response in sensitive a. sativa has been characterized as a form of programmed cell death (pcd) and displays morphological and biochemical features similar to apoptosis, including chromatin condensation, dna laddering, cell shrinkage, altered mitochondrial function, and ordered, substrate-specific proteolytic events. victo ... | 2004 | 15020745 |
| maize centromeres: organization and functional adaptation in the genetic background of oat. | centromeric dna sequences in multicellular eukaryotes are often highly repetitive and are not unique to a specific centromere or to centromeres at all. thus, it is a major challenge to study the fine structure of individual plant centromeres. we used a dna fiber-fluorescence in situ hybridization approach to study individual maize (zea mays) centromeres using oat (avena sativa)-maize chromosome addition lines. the maize centromere-specific satellite repeat centc in the addition lines allowed us ... | 2004 | 14973167 |
| graingenes 2.0. an improved resource for the small-grains community. | graingenes (http://wheat.pw.usda.gov) is an international database for genetic and genomic information about triticeae species (wheat [triticum aestivum], barley [hordeum vulgare], rye [secale cereale], and their wild relatives) and oat (avena sativa) and its wild relatives. a major strength of the graingenes project is the interaction of the curators with database users in the research community, placing graingenes as both a data repository and information hub. the primary intensively curated d ... | 2005 | 16219925 |
| contents of phenolic acids, alkyl- and alkenylresorcinols, and avenanthramides in commercial grain products. | the contents of free and total phenolic acids and alk(en)ylresorcinols were analyzed in commercial products of eight grains: oat (avena sativa), wheat (triticum spp.), rye (secale cerale), barley (hordeum vulgare), buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum), millet (panicum miliaceum), rice (oryza sativa), and corn (zea mays). avenanthramides were determined in three oat products. free phenolic acids, alk(en)ylresorcinols, and avenanthramides were extracted with methanolic acetic acid, 100% methanol, and ... | 2005 | 16218677 |
| generation and analysis of 9792 est sequences from cold acclimated oat, avena sativa. | oat is an important crop in north america and northern europe. in scandinavia, yields are limited by the fact that oat cannot be used as a winter crop. in order to develop such a crop, more knowledge about mechanisms of cold tolerance in oat is required. | 2005 | 16137325 |
| patterns of aflp variation in a core subset of cultivated hexaploid oat germplasm. | many core collections have been developed from large collections of crop germplasm, but most of these have not been characterized, particularly using molecular techniques, for germplasm management and utilization. we have attempted to characterize a structured sample representing a world collection of 11,622 cultivated hexaploid oat accessions in the hope of understanding the genetic structure of the world collection. the amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) technique was applied to scr ... | 2005 | 15940508 |
| carbohydrate concentrations in crown fractions from winter oat during hardening at sub-zero temperatures. | contradictory results in correlation studies of plant carbohydrates with freezing tolerance may be because whole crown tissue is analysed for carbohydrates while differences exist in the survival of specific tissue within the crown. the aim of this study was to see if carbohydrate changes in tissue within oat crowns during second phase hardening (sub-zero hardening) are tissue specific. | 2005 | 15894549 |
| a microcosm approach to assessing the effects of earthworm inoculation and oat cover cropping on co2 fluxes and biological properties in an amended semiarid soil. | we designed a microcosm experiment to assess the influence of inoculation with eisenia foetida earthworms and the establishment of an avena sativa cover crop on biological (enzyme activities and labile carbon fractions) soil quality indicators in a soil treated with a composted organic residue, and to determine the contribution of these treatments to carbon dioxide emissions from the soil to the atmosphere of the microcosm. the microcosms were incubated for 53 days under 28 degrees c/18 degrees ... | 2005 | 15894048 |
| competitive interactions among four pest species of earth mites (acari: penthaleidae). | earth mites are major winter pests of a variety of crops and pastures in southern australia. competition between four earth mite species was investigated using field and shadehouse experiments. the influence of different plant hosts on the frequency and intensity of competitive interactions also were examined. this information is important, because control attempts that eradicate one species of mite could be directly followed by an increase in abundance of another earth mite species. there were ... | 2005 | 15889718 |
| dose-response-a challenge for allelopathy? | the response of an organism to a chemical depends, among other things, on the dose. nonlinear dose-response relationships occur across a broad range of research fields, and are a well established tool to describe the basic mechanisms of phytotoxicity. the responses of plants to allelochemicals as biosynthesized phytotoxins, relate as well to nonlinearity and, thus, allelopathic effects can be adequately quantified by nonlinear mathematical modeling. the current paper applies the concept of nonli ... | 2005 | 19330161 |
| chromosomal rearrangements differentiating the ryegrass genome from the triticeae, oat, and rice genomes using common heterologous rflp probes. | an restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp)-based genetic map of ryegrass (lolium) was constructed for comparative mapping with other poaceae species using heterologous anchor probes. the genetic map contained 120 rflp markers from cdna clones of barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oat (avena sativa l.), and rice (oryza sativa l.), covering 664 cm on seven linkage groups (lgs). the genome comparisons of ryegrass relative to the triticeae, oat, and rice extended the syntenic relationships among t ... | 2005 | 15742203 |
| flavonolignans from avena sativa. | three flavonolignans derived from the flavone tricin were isolated from avena sativa herb. this is the first report of the presence of flavonolignans in a. sativa. in the known compounds 1a and 1b, a coniferyl alcohol moiety is linked to the flavone by an ether bond; in the new natural product 2, it is linked by c-c bonds. structure elucidation of compound 2 was performed by 1d and 2d nmr experiments, and the absolute configuration was determined from circular dichroic data. | 2005 | 15730266 |
| chromophore exchange in the lov2 domain of the plant photoreceptor phototropin1 from oat. | phototropins are a family of plant photoreceptors mediating blue light responses such as phototropism, leaf expansion, chloroplast relocation, and stomatal opening. characteristic for phototropins are two lov domains which, when expressed in heterologous systems, each carry a single flavin mononucleotide (fmn) chromophore. here we describe removal of fmn from the lov2 domain of avena sativa using a hydrophobic matrix and successful incorporation of flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad), riboflavin, ... | 2005 | 15723549 |
| photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization in a c450a mutant of the lov2 domain of the avena sativa blue-light receptor phototropin. | phototropin is a blue-light receptor involved in the phototropic response of higher plants. the photoreceptor comprises a protein kinase domain and two structurally similar flavin-mononucleotide (fmn) binding domains designated lov1 and lov2. blue-light irradiation of recombinant lov2 domains induces the formation of a covalent adduct of the thiol group of a functional cysteine in the cofactor-binding pocket to c(4a) of the fmn. cysteine-to-alanine mutants of lov domains are unable to form that ... | 2005 | 16332073 |
| wheat cultivar-specific proteins in grain revealed by 2-de and their application to cultivar identification of flour. | wheat flour proteins were studied to identify the cultivar-specific proteins and use them to identify cultivars in flours. proteins extracted from flours of japanese wheat (cultivars hokushin, horoshirikomugi, kitanokaori and kachikei 33) and canadian wheat (canada western red spring wheat no. 1; 1cw) were analyzed by 2-de with ief gels over three ph ranges: ph 4-7, ph 5-8, and ph 6-11. this system enabled detection of more than 1600 protein spots. we recognized that among 50 protein spots showi ... | 2005 | 16152659 |
| phosphate-limited oat. the plasma membrane and the tonoplast as major targets for phospholipid-to-glycolipid replacement and stimulation of phospholipases in the plasma membrane. | we recently reported that cultivation of oat (avena sativa l.) without phosphate resulted in plasma membrane phosphoglycerolipids being replaced to a large extent by digalactosyldiacylglycerol (dgdg) (andersson, m. x., stridh, m. h., larsson, k. e., liljenberg, c., and sandelius, a. s. (2003) febs lett. 537, 128-132). we report here that dgdg is not the only non-phosphorous-containing lipid that replaces phospholipids but that also the content of glucosylceramides and sterolglycosides increased ... | 2005 | 15927962 |
| heterodera glycines infectivity and egg viability following nonhost crops and during overwintering. | the most effective management program for soybean cyst nematode, heterodera glycines, is a crop rotation that uses nonhost crops and resistant soybean cultivars. however, little is known about the effects of rotation crops and overwintering on h. glycines biology. these experiments were initiated to determine the effects of seven alternative crops on h. glycines' ability to infect and mature on subsequent soybean crops, and to assess the viability of eggs during the overwintering months. rotatio ... | 2005 | 19262870 |
| in vitro bile acid binding of flours from oat lines varying in percentage and molecular weight distribution of beta-glucan. | two experimental high beta-glucan oat (avena sativa) lines (7.64 and 8.05%) and two traditional lines (4.77 and 5.26% beta-glucan) were used to evaluate the effect of beta-glucan quantity and molecular weight on bile acid (ba) binding. the oat flour samples were digested by an in vitro system that simulated human digestion. no significant differences among oat type were found in the overall beta-glucan, starch, and pentosan digestibilities. considering the standard, cholestyramine, as 100% bound ... | 2005 | 16248587 |
| quantitative trait loci for partial resistance to crown rust, puccinia coronata, in cultivated oat, avena sativa l. | to facilitate the detection of quantitative trait loci (qtls) for partial resistance to oat crown rust, puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae eriks., a genetic map was generated in a population of 158 f(6)-derived oat recombinant inbred lines from a cross of a partial resistance line mn841801-1 by a susceptible cultivar selection 'noble-2'. the map, developed using 230 marker loci, mostly restriction fragment length polymorphism and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, spanned 1,509 cm (hal ... | 2005 | 15918009 |
| phenolic compounds in oat grains (avena sativa l.) grown in conventional and organic systems. | the concentrations of avenanthramides (avas), hydroxycinnamic acids (hcas), a sucrose-linked truxinic acid (tase), and certain agronomic parameters were analyzed in organically and conventionally grown oats. three cultivars of oats (i.e. freja, sang, and matilda) were grown according to standards for both conventional and organic farming in sweden, from 1998 to 2000. two levels of nitrogen (n) and three replicates were included. overall, there were significant differences between years, cultivar ... | 2005 | 16092265 |
| ecotoxicity of sodium fluoroacetate (compound 1080) to soil organisms. | sodium fluoroacetate (compound 1080) is applied as a vertebrate pesticide in new zealand for control of introduced mammalian pests. despite its widespread use, little is known about the soil ecotoxicity of 1080. therefore, the hazard of 1080 to soil invertebrates, plants, and soil microorganisms was evaluated in a series of controlled laboratory tests. no earthworm (eisenia fetida) mortality was reported with 1080 exposures up to 865 mg/kg soil. the lowest-observable-effect concentration and the ... | 2005 | 16111002 |
| avenanthramide, a polyphenol from oats, inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhances nitric oxide production. | the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (smc) and impaired nitric oxide (no) production are both crucial pathophysiological processes in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. epidemiological data have indicated that diets rich in whole grain foods are associated with a reduced risk of developing atherosclerosis. avenanthramides are polyphenols found exclusively in oats (avena sativa l.). the present study was conducted to examine the effect of synthetically prepared avenan ... | 2006 | 16139284 |
| microbially safe utilization of non-inactivated oats (avena sativa l.) for production of conjugated linoleic acid. | a microbially safe process for the enrichment of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) in oats was developed. the process consists of hydrolysis of oat lipids by non-inactivated oat flour, followed by propionibacterium-catalyzed isomerization of the resulting free linoleic acid to cla. the first stage was performed at water activity (a(w)) 0.7, where hydrolysis of triacylglycerols progressed efficiently without growth of the indigenous microflora of flour. thereafter, the flour was incubated as a 5% (w ... | 2006 | 16448209 |
| assessing nickel bioavailability in smelter-contaminated soils. | metal contaminants in soil environments derived from industrial pollution have clearly established the need for research on bioavailability and potential health risks. much research has been conducted on metal sorption in soils. however, there is still a need to better understand the availability of metal contaminants to plants and microbes. such information will enhance both human health and decisions about remediation efforts. in this study, welland loam (typic epiaquoll) and quarry muck (terr ... | 2006 | 16499951 |
| [number and structure of actinomycetes complexes in the rhizosphere winter rye, oat and red clover]. | the actinomycetes complexes in the rhizosphere of three agricultural plants by using the methods of luminescense microscopy and cup sowing were investigated. it was established, that concentration of prokaryotic biomass and biomass of actinomycetes mycelium in rhizosphere of plants is higher than in free from the radicals to soil. rhizosphera of the oat (avena sativa l.) and red clover (trifolium pratense l.) is colonized by streptomyces, micromonospora and olygospore species. dominante actinomy ... | 2006 | 17022483 |
| characteristics of grains and oils of four different oats (avena sativa l.) cultivars growing in turkey. | some physical and chemical properties of four oat (avena sativa l.) varieties (bdmy-6, bdmy-7, che-chois and y-2330) harvested from konya in turkey were investigated. the weight of the grain, moisture, crude protein, crude ash, crude fibre, crude energy, crude oil and water-soluble extract contents of all oat variety grains were analysed. contents of aluminium, calcium, cadmium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, lead, potassium and manganese were also determined in the oat grains. the specific gravit ... | 2006 | 17135024 |
| identification of prevalent potyvirus on maize and johnsongrass in corn fields of tehran province of iran and a study on some of its properties. | during a growing season in 2004, 231 leaf samples of virus infected and mosaic and dwarf mosaic symptoms showing maize (zea mays l.) plants and 258 leaf samples of mosaic showing johnsongrass (sorghum halepens l.) plants from various corn fields in tehran province were collected. serological tests of das-elisa and diba were performed on samples using antisera of sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv), sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) and johnsongrasss mosaic virus (jgmv). in b ... | 2006 | 17390895 |
| behaviour of alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane in the soil-plant system of a contaminated site. | the behaviour of the organochlorine pesticide hexachlorocyclohexane (hch) is investigated. the concentrations of alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-hch isomers were measured in soils, rhizosphere and vegetation in a contaminated area in galicia (nw spain). the total concentration of hch in soils reached values close to 20,000 mgkg(-1). the plants analysed (avena sativa l., chenopodium spp., solanum nigrum l., cytisus striatus (hill) roth, and vicia sativa l.) accumulated hch, especially the beta-h ... | 2006 | 16824654 |
| an attempt to identify recombinants between two sobemoviruses in doubly infected oat plants. | recombination in rna viruses is considered to play a major role as a driving force in virus variability to counterbalance loss in fitness that can be due to the accumulation of detrimental mutations. studies on mixed infections are pertinent for understanding the role of recombination in virus evolution. they also provide important baseline information for studying the biosafety of plants expressing viral sequences. to investigate the possibility of rna recombination occurrence between two sobem ... | 2006 | 16978574 |
| identification of molecular markers for aluminium tolerance in diploid oat through comparative mapping and qtl analysis. | the degree of aluminium tolerance varies widely across cereal species, with oats (avena spp.) being among the most tolerant. the objective of this study was to identify molecular markers linked to aluminium tolerance in the diploid oat a. strigosa. restriction fragment length polymorphism markers were tested in regions where comparative mapping indicated the potential for orthologous quantitative trait loci (qtl) for aluminium tolerance in other grass species. amplified fragment length polymorph ... | 2006 | 16323000 |
| toxicity assessment of two soils from jales mine (portugal) using plants: growth and biochemical parameters. | contaminants in soils can enter food chains through primary producers. bioavailable contaminants can induce growth, and reproductive or biochemical changes in plants. to evaluate the bioavailability of heavy metals in two soils from jales mine surroundings, bioassays with the plants brassica rapa (rcbr) and avena sativa were performed. biochemical parameters (protein and malondialdehyde [mda] content, and catalase and peroxidase activities) were also measured. the soils had different heavy metal ... | 2006 | 16307215 |
| carbohydrate partitioning between upper and lower regions of the crown in oat and rye during cold acclimation and freezing. | carbohydrates have long been recognized as an important aspect of freezing tolerance in plants but the association between these two factors is often ambiguous. to help clarify the relationship, the allocation of carbohydrates between specific tissues within the over wintering organ (crown) of winter cereals was measured. a winter-hardy and non-winter-hardy oat (avena sativa l.), and a rye (secale cereale l.) cultivar were grown and frozen under controlled conditions. crown tissue was fractionat ... | 2006 | 16359655 |
| changes in hydrophilic antioxidant activity in avena sativa and triticum aestivum leaves of different age during de-etiolation and high-light treatment. | the steady-state of reactive oxygen species (ros) in plant cells is controlled by ros-producing and scavenging agents. a large cellular pool of antioxidant metabolites is involved in their control. variations in this antioxidant pool may be monitored by measuring changes in hydrophilic antioxidant activity (free radical-quenching activity of water-soluble components) and ascorbic acid levels. the de-etiolation process and induction of light stress in avena sativa and triticum aestivum leaves wer ... | 2006 | 16628378 |
| generation of snp markers for short straw in oat (avena sativa l.). | short straw is a desired trait in oat germplasm (avena sativa l.). marker-assisted selection, a key tool for achieving this objective, is limited by the presence and number of available markers. here, we have attempted to develop markers sufficiently linked to a gene specifying short straw so that marker-assisted selection could be applied. bulked-segregant analysis was used to identify anonymous pcr-based markers associated with the dwarfing gene dw6 in an f2 population from the cross between a ... | 2006 | 16604112 |
| forage fibre digestion, rates of feed passage and gut fill in juvenile and adult red kangaroos macropus rufus desmarest: why body size matters. | using red kangaroos macropus rufus desmarest, a large (>20 kg) marsupial herbivore, we compared the digestive capabilities of juveniles with those of mature, non-lactating females on high-quality forage (chopped lucerne medicago sativa hay) of 43+/-1% neutral-detergent fibre (ndf) and poorer quality, high-fibre forage (chopped oaten avena sativa hay) of 64+/-1% ndf. on chopped lucerne apparent dry matter (dm) digestibilities by young-at-foot (yaf) red kangaroos (an age that would normally be tak ... | 2006 | 16574810 |
| plant species, atmospheric co2 and soil n interactively or additively control c allocation within plant-soil systems. | two plant species, medicago truncatula (legume) and avena sativa (non-legume), were grown in low- or high-n soils under two co2 concentrations to test the hypothesis whether c allocation within plant-soil system is interactively or additively controlled by soil n and atmospheric co2 is dependent upon plant species. the results showed the interaction between plant species and soil n had a significant impact on microbial activity and plant growth. the interaction between co2 and soil n had a signi ... | 2006 | 17313000 |
| all-optical switching in plant blue light photoreceptor phototropin. | we theoretically analyze all-optical switching in the recently characterized lov2 domain from avena sativa (oat) phot1 phototropin, a blue-light plant photoreceptor, based on nonlinear intensity-induced excited-state absorption. the transmission of a cw probe laser beam at 660 nm corresponding to the peak absorption of the first excited l-state, through the lov2 sample, is switched by a pulsed pump laser beam at 442 nm that corresponds to the maximum initial d state absorption. the switching cha ... | 2006 | 17181028 |
| changes in starch and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate levels and auxin transport are interrelated in graviresponding oat (avena sativa) shoots. | this study was conducted to unravel a mechanism for the gravitropic curvature response in oat (avena sativa) shoot pulvini. for this purpose, we examined the downward movement of starch-filled chloroplast gravisensors, differential changes in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ip(3)) levels, transport of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and gravitropic curvature. upon gravistimulation, the ratio for iaa levels in lower halves versus those in upper halves (l/u) increased from 1.0 at 0 h and reached a maximu ... | 2006 | 17081244 |
| dynamic switching mechanisms in lov1 and lov2 domains of plant phototropins. | lov domains are the light-sensitive portion of plant phototropins. they absorb light through a flavin cofactor, photochemically form a covalent bond between the chromophore and a cysteine residue in the protein, and proceed to mediate activation of an attached kinase domain. although the photoreaction itself is now well-characterized experimentally and computationally, it is still unclear how the formation of the adduct leads to kinase activation. we have performed molecular dynamics simulations ... | 2006 | 16935961 |
| stimulation of chlororespiration by heat and high light intensity in oat plants. | high irradiance and moderate heat inhibit the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus of oat (avena sativa l.) leaves. the incubation of oat leaves under high light intensity in conjunction with high temperatures strongly decreased the maximal quantum yield of photosystem (ps) ii, indicating the close synergistic effect of both stress factors on ps ii inhibition and the subsequent irreversible damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. the ps i a/b protein levels remained similar to control values ... | 2006 | 16898010 |
| specific cleavage of ribosomal rna and mrna during victorin-induced apoptotic cell death in oat. | here we report that rrna and mrna are specifically degraded in oat (avena sativa l.) cells during apoptotic cell death induced by victorin, a host-selective toxin produced by cochliobolus victoriae. northern analysis indicated that rrna species from the cytosol, mitochondria and chloroplasts were all degraded via specific degradation intermediates during victorin-induced apoptotic cell death but, in contrast, they were randomly digested in necrotic cell death induced by 30 mm cuso(4) and heat sh ... | 2006 | 16805727 |
| inheritance and mapping of a powdery mildew resistance gene introgressed from avena macrostachya in cultivated oat. | the powdery mildew resistance from avena macrostachya was successfully introgressed into hexaploid oat (a. sativa). genetic analysis of f(1), f(2), f(3) and bc(1) populations from two powdery-mildew resistant introgression lines revealed that the resistance is controlled by a dominant gene, tentatively designated eg-5. molecular marker analysis was conducted using bulked-segregant analysis in two segregating f(3) populations. one codominant simple sequence repeats (ssr) marker am102 and four afl ... | 2006 | 16802169 |
| a phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity in root cells of oat (avena sativa) is involved in altering membrane phospholipid composition during drought stress acclimation. | during acclimation to drought stress, the lipid composition of oat root cell membranes is altered. the level of phosphatidylethanolamine (pe), a non-bilayer forming lipid, is increased relative to the bilayer-forming lipid phosphatidylcholine (pc). these changes are believed to increase stress tolerance by increasing the flexibility of the membranes. to elucidate if de novo lipid synthesis is involved in altering membrane lipid composition, oat plants, acclimated or non-acclimated, were incubate ... | 2006 | 16762557 |
| cadmium phytotoxicity: quantitative sensitivity relationships between classical endpoints and antioxidative enzyme biomarkers. | in this work, cadmium phytotoxicity and quantitative sensitivity relationships between different hierarchical endpoints in plants cultivated in a contaminated soil were studied. thus, germination rate, biomass growth and antioxidative enzyme activity (i.e. superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase) in three terrestrial plants (avena sativa l., brassica campestris l. cv. chinensis, lactuca sativa l. cv. hanson) were analyzed. plant growth tests were carried out accordin ... | 2006 | 15982719 |
| inhibition of plant amine oxidases by a novel series of diamine derivatives. | a series of n,n'-bis(2-pyridinylmethyl)diamines was synthesized and characterized for their inhibition effects towards plant copper-containing amine oxidase (ec 1.4.3.6) and polyamine oxidase (ec 1.5.3.11), which mediate the catabolic regulation of cellular polyamines. even though these enzymes catalyze related reactions and, among others, act upon two common substrates (spermidine and spermine), their molecular and kinetic properties are different. they also show a different spectrum of inhibit ... | 2007 | 16989933 |
| a base-catalyzed mechanism for dark state recovery in the avena sativa phototropin-1 lov2 domain. | phototropins are autophosphorylating serine/threonine kinases responsible for blue-light perception in plants; their action gives rise to phototropism, chloroplast relocation, and opening of stomatal guard cells. the kinase domain constitutes the c-terminal part of avena sativa phototropin 1. the n-terminal part contains two light, oxygen, or voltage (lov) sensing domains, lov1 and lov2; each binds a flavin mononucleotide (fmn) chromophore (lambdamax = 447 nm, termed d447) and forms the light-se ... | 2007 | 17311415 |
| improving ecological risk assessment by including bioavailability into species sensitivity distributions: an example for plants exposed to nickel in soil. | the variability of species sensitivity distribution (ssd) due to contaminant bioavailability in soil was explored by using nickel as metal of concern. ssds of toxicity test results of avena sativa l. originating from different soils and expressed as total content and available (0.01 m cacl2) extractable concentration were compared to ssds for terrestrial plants derived from literature toxicity data. also the 'free' nickel (ni2+) concentration was calculated and compared. the results demonstrated ... | 2007 | 17240027 |
| modification of chemical properties of cell walls by silicon and its role in regulation of the cell wall extensibility in oat leaves. | effects of silicon on the mechanical and chemical properties of cell walls in the second leaf of oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings were investigated. the cell wall extensibility in the basal region of the second leaf was considerably higher than that in the middle and subapical regions. externally applied silicon increased the cell wall extensibility in the basal region, but it did not affect the extensibility in the middle and subapical regions. the amounts of cell wall polysaccharides and phenol ... | 2007 | 16618521 |
| n- and c-terminal flanking regions modulate light-induced signal transduction in the lov2 domain of the blue light sensor phototropin 1 from avena sativa. | light sensing by photoreceptors controls phototropism, chloroplast movement, stomatal opening, and leaf expansion in plants. understanding the molecular mechanism by which these processes are regulated requires a quantitative description of photoreceptor dynamics. we focus on a light-driven signal transduction mechanism in the lov2 domain (lov, light, oxygen, voltage) of the blue light photoreceptor phototropin 1 from avena sativa (oat). high-resolution crystal structures of the dark and light s ... | 2007 | 18001137 |
| 13c isotopologue editing of fmn bound to phototropin domains. | the plant blue light receptor phototropin comprises a protein kinase domain and two fmn-binding lov domains (lov1 and lov2). blue light irradiation of recombinant lov domains is conducive to the addition of a cysteinyl thiolate group to carbon 4a of the fmn chromophore, and spontaneous cleavage of that photoadduct completes the photocycle of the receptor. the present study is based on (13)c nmr signal modulation observed after reconstitution of lov domains of different origins with random librar ... | 2007 | 17944933 |
| solar ultraviolet-b radiation increases phenolic content and ferric reducing antioxidant power in avena sativa. | we examined the influence of solar ultraviolet-b radiation (uv-b; 280-320 nm) on the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem ii (f(v)/f(m)), bulk-soluble phenolic concentrations, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (frap) and growth of avena sativa. treatments involved placing filters on frames over potted plants that reduced levels of biologically effective uv-b by either 71% (reduced uv-b) or by 19% (near-ambient uv-b) over the 52 day experiment (04 july-25 august 2002). plants growing u ... | 2007 | 17876291 |
| a major gene for grain cadmium accumulation in oat (avena sativa l.). | cadmium (cd) is a nonessential heavy metal that is highly toxic to living cells at very low concentrations. most of the cd in plants derives from soils. owing to the large amounts consumed, cereals are the major source of dietary cd, and cd content in oat can exceed accepted limits. plants have a set of mechanisms that control the uptake, accumulation, trafficking, and detoxification of cd and other metals. genetic factors affect the variation in cd level between plant species and cultivars, and ... | 2007 | 17632580 |
| lipids in grain tissues of oat (avena sativa): differences in content, time of deposition, and fatty acid composition. | oat (avena sativa) is unusual in comparison with other cereals since there are varieties with up to 18% oil content. the lipid content and fatty acid composition in different parts of the grain during seed development were characterized in cultivars freja (6% oil) and matilda (10% oil), using thin-layer and gas chromatography, and light and electron microscopy. the majority of lipids (86-90%) were found in the endosperm. ninety-five per cent of the higher oil content of cv. matilda compared with ... | 2007 | 17586606 |
| fructans from oat and rye: composition and effects on membrane stability during drying. | fructans have been implicated in the abiotic stress tolerance of many plant species, including grasses and cereals. to elucidate the possibility that cereal fructans may stabilize cellular membranes during dehydration, we used liposomes as a model system and isolated fructans from oat (avena sativa) and rye (secale cereale). fructans were fractionated by preparative size exclusion chromatography into five defined size classes (degree of polymerization (dp) 3 to 7) and two size classes containing ... | 2007 | 17462587 |
| genetic analysis of a novel alaska barley yellow dwarf virus in the family luteoviridae. | a new plant virus belonging to the family luteoviridae and isolated from diseased oat (avena sativa l.) plants was discovered in alaska in 2003. even though plants with red/orange leaves were indicative of barley yellow dwarf disease, they were not reactive to specific antibodies corresponding to barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv)-mav, -pav, -sgv, and cereal yellow dwarf virus-rpv from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). an alternative rt-pcr assay that incorporated shu-f/yan-r primers for ... | 2007 | 17013543 |
| isolation and sequence analysis of wheat nbs-lrr type disease resistance gene analogs using degenerate pcr primers. | isolation of disease resistance gene analogs (rgas) using the conserved motifs of the resistance genes has attracted considerable attention since it was first reported more than a decade ago. in this study, rgas are isolated using homology-based pcr to target the nucleotide binding site (nbs) conserved regions from hexaploid wheat varieties and a few accessions of wild types. based on sequence similarity analysis, 83 of the sequenced clones were clustered as groups. of these rgas, 40 were in the ... | 2007 | 17453333 |
| a single binding site mediates resistance- and disease-associated activities of the effector protein nip1 from the barley pathogen rhynchosporium secalis. | the effector protein nip1 from the barley (hordeum vulgare) pathogen rhynchosporium secalis specifically induces the synthesis of defense-related proteins in cultivars of barley expressing the complementary resistance gene, rrs1. in addition, it stimulates the activity of the barley plasma membrane h(+)-atpase in a genotype-unspecific manner and it induces necrotic lesions in leaf tissues of barley and other cereal plant species. nip1 variants type i and ii, which display quantitative difference ... | 2007 | 17478637 |
| vegetable and animal food sorts found in the gastric content of sardinian wild boar (sus scrofa meridionalis). | authors report results emerging from gastric content analysis from n. 96 wild boars hunted in sardinia isle, during the hunting tide (2001-2005), from november to january. mean ph of the gastric content was 3.77 +/- 0.69. mean total capacity (tc) of each stomach was 1702 +/- 680 g. mean stuff ratio (cw/tc) between the content weight (cw) and stomachs tc was 0.45. food categories found in animal stomachs were: 19 categories of vegetal species (allium spp., arbutus unedo, arisarum vulgare, avena f ... | 2007 | 17516948 |
| screening of argentinian plants for pesticide activity. | aerial parts of 27 plant species native to argentina were tested in anti-insect, germination inhibition and bactericide bio-assays. in antifeedant assays on epilachna paenulata larvae, 11 species showed strong feeding deterrent effects (higher than 90% at 200 microg/cm(2)). twelve plants strongly inhibited the germination of avena sativa seeds, but only six inhibited raphanus sativum germination at 10 mg/ml. four plants showed complete growth inhibition of escherichia coli at a concentration of ... | 2007 | 17600637 |
| steric interactions stabilize the signaling state of the lov2 domain of phototropin 1. | phototropins (phot1 and phot2) are blue light receptor kinases that control a range of photoresponses that serve to optimize the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. light sensing by the phototropins is mediated by a repeated motif at the n-terminal region of the protein known as the lov domain. bacterially expressed lov domains bind flavin mononucleotide noncovalently and are photochemically active in solution. irradiation of the lov domain results in the formation of a flavin-cysteinyl adduct ... | 2007 | 17658895 |
| mapping and comparative analysis of qtl for crown rust resistance in an italian x perennial ryegrass population. | abstract crown rust (puccinia coronata f. sp. lolli) is a serious fungal foliar disease of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) and italian ryegrass (l. multiflorum lam.), which are important forage and turf species. a number of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for crown rust resistance previously were identified in perennial ryegrass under growth chamber or greenhouse conditions. in this study, we conducted a qtl mapping for crown rust resistance in a three-generation italian x perennial ryegras ... | 2007 | 18943608 |
| characterization and mapping of oat crown rust resistance genes using three assessment methods. | abstract resistance is the primary means of control for crown rust of oat (avena sativa l.), caused by puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, and better knowledge of the genetics of resistance will enhance resistance breeding. disease data were generated in the field and greenhouse for parents and recombinant inbred lines of the ogle/tam o-301 (ot) oat mapping population using (i) a new quantitative assay that employs quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-pcr) to estimate fungal growth i ... | 2007 | 18944171 |
| genetic structure in natural populations of barley/cereal yellow dwarf virus isolates from alaska. | the genetic structure of natural populations of alaskan barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv)-pav, bydv-pas, and cereal yellow dwarf virus (cydv)-rpv from barley (hordeum vulgare l.) and oats (avena sativa l.) in alaska were analyzed between 2002 and 2004. pcr products spanning the viral coat protein gene of 187 isolates were cloned and sequenced. the majority (78%) were similar to bydv-pas, 19% were similar to cydv-rpv, and only about 3% resembled bydv-pav. the cydv-rpv isolates clustered in three g ... | 2007 | 17216137 |
| study on the influence of pasture on volatile fraction of ewes' dairy products by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | the detection of markers of identification of the geographical origin of food is an attractive challenge and, as far as dairy products are concerned, this paper represents a contribution to this field. in this research the influence of feed on the volatile compound composition was investigated on milk, 2-mo-old cheese (caciotta), and whey cheese (ricotta) obtained from the same flock of sarda ewes, under standardized technological conditions. three different types of pasture (mixture of lolium p ... | 2007 | 17235132 |
| microsatellite variation in avena sterilis oat germplasm. | the avena sterilis l. collection in the plant gene resources of canada (pgrc) consists of 11,235 accessions originating from 27 countries and is an invaluable source of genetic variation for genetic improvement of oats, but it has been inadequately characterized, particularly using molecular techniques. more than 35 accessions have been identified with genes for resistance to oat crown and stem rusts, but little is known about their comparative genetic diversity. this study attempted to characte ... | 2007 | 17265024 |
| thioredoxin h5 is required for victorin sensitivity mediated by a cc-nbs-lrr gene in arabidopsis. | the fungus cochliobolus victoriae causes victoria blight of oats (avena sativa) and is pathogenic due to its production of victorin, which induces programmed cell death in sensitive plants. victorin sensitivity has been identified in arabidopsis thaliana and is conferred by the dominant gene locus orchestrating victorin effects1 (lov1), which encodes a coiled-coil-nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat protein. we isolated 63 victorin-insensitive mutants, including 59 lov1 mutants and four ... | 2007 | 17322408 |
| phytoremediation of oil-sludge-contaminated soil. | the aim of this research was to select plant species that could be effective in the phytoremediation ofa former oil-sludge pit. seven crop plants (triticum aestivum l., secale cereale l., avena sativa l., hordeum vulgare, sorghum bicolor l moench, panicum miliaceum l, and zea mays l.),five wild grasses (lolium perenne l., bromopsis inermis, agropyron cristatum l., agropyrum tenerum l., and festuca pratensis huds.), and three legumes (medicago sativa l., trifolium pratense l., and onobrychis anta ... | 2008 | 19260228 |
| radiation hybrid (rh) and happy mapping in plants. | radiation hybrid (rh) and happy mapping are two technologies used in animal systems that have attracted the attention of the plant genetics community because they bridge the resolution gap between meiotic and bac-based physical mapping that would facilitate the analysis of plant species lacking substantial genomics resources. research has shown that the essence of these approaches can be applied and that a variety of strategies can be used to produce mapping panels. mapping panels composed of li ... | 2008 | 18504352 |
| naked oats: metabolisable energy yield from a range of varieties in broilers, cockerels and turkeys. | 1. naked oats belong to the same species as 'common oats', avena sativa, but have a non-lignified husk which readily becomes detached during harvesting. the absence of the indigestible husk can be predicted to give an increased metabolisable energy (me) content for poultry. 2. measurements of true metabolisable energy (tme(n)) were performed on 3-week-old broiler chicks (cobb males), adult cockerels (isa brown, greater than one year old) and 7-week-old turkeys (but t8 males). the measurements we ... | 2008 | 18568762 |
| light-activated dna binding in a designed allosteric protein. | an understanding of how allostery, the conformational coupling of distant functional sites, arises in highly evolvable systems is of considerable interest in areas ranging from cell biology to protein design and signaling networks. we reasoned that the rigidity and defined geometry of an alpha-helical domain linker would make it effective as a conduit for allosteric signals. to test this idea, we rationally designed 12 fusions between the naturally photoactive lov2 domain from avena sativa photo ... | 2008 | 18667691 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of oat (avena sativa l.) cultivars via immature embryo and leaf explants. | this paper reports on the successful agrobacterium-mediated transformation of oat, and on some factors influencing this process. in the first step of the experiments, three cultivars, two types of explant, and three combinations of strain/vectors, which were successfully used for transformation of other cereals were tested. transgenic plants were obtained from the immature embryos of cvs. bajka, slawko and akt and from leaf base explants of cv. bajka after transformation with a. thumefaciens str ... | 2008 | 18690445 |
| in vitro and in vivo inhibition of plant polyamine oxidase activity by polyamine analogues. | polyamine oxidase from avena sativa l. cv. cristal seedlings was purified to homogeneity using a simple four-step purification protocol including an infiltration washing technique. the enzyme had a high affinity for spermidine and spermine (k(m) approximately 5.5 and 1.2 microm, respectively), and also oxidized norspermidine (k(m) approximately 64.0 microm). natural and synthetic diamines, cyclohexylamine, the putrescine analogue 1-aminooxy-3-aminopropane, and several polyamine analogues had inh ... | 2008 | 18783804 |
| cenl1 expression in the rib meristem affects stem elongation and the transition to dormancy in populus. | we investigated the short day (sd)-induced transition to dormancy in wild-type hybrid poplar (populus tremula x p. tremuloides) and its absence in transgenic poplar overexpressing heterologous phytochrome a (phya). centroradialis-like1 (cenl1), a poplar ortholog of arabidopsis thaliana terminal flower1 (tfl1), was markedly downregulated in the wild-type apex coincident with sd-induced growth cessation. by contrast, poplar overexpressing a heterologous avena sativa phya construct (p35s:asphya), w ... | 2008 | 18192437 |
| qualitative and quantitative trait loci conditioning resistance to puccinia coronata pathotypes nqmg and lgcg in the oat (avena sativa l.) cultivars ogle and tam o-301. | mapping disease resistance loci relies on the type and precision of phenotypic measurements. for crown rust of oat, disease severity is commonly assessed based on visual ratings of infection types (it) and/or diseased leaf area (dla) of infected plants in the greenhouse or field. these data can be affected by several variables including; (i) non-uniform disease development in the field; (ii) atypical symptom development in the greenhouse; (iii) the presence of multiple pathogenic races or pathot ... | 2008 | 18193188 |
| oat: unique among the cereals. | this review is intended to focus on the composition of oat and its therapeutic potential in the pharmacology that supports its use to cure various maladies. oat (avena sativa) is distinct among the cereals due to its multifunctional characteristics and nutritional profile. recent advancement in food and nutrition has revealed the importance of its various components. it is a good source of dietary fiber especially beta-glucan, minerals and other nutrients. oat and oat by products have been prove ... | 2008 | 18301937 |
| effects of diet on population growth of psocids lepinotus reticulatus and liposcelis entomophila. | we investigated the suitability of 11 diets as culture media for the psocids lepinotus reticulatus enderlein (psocoptera: trogiidae) and liposcelis entomophila (enderlein) (psocoptera: liposcelididae). the culture media comprised six diets made of plain cereals, namely, wheat (triticum aestivum l.), corn (zea mays l.), milo sorghum bicolor (l.), barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oats (avena sativa l.), and rice (oryza sativa l.), and five artificial diets. we found that, with the exception of corn, l ... | 2008 | 18459431 |
| phytotoxicity of major constituents of the volatile oil from leaves of artemisia scoparia waldst. & kit. | the phytotoxicity of the three major monoterpene constituents of the essential oil from leaves of artemisia scoparia waldst. & kit. (redstem wormwood) was investigated. gc/gc-ms analysis revealed that the essential oil (yield 0.84%) is a complex mixture containing 19 monoterpenes, 7 sesquiterpenes and 15 other compounds--aliphatic alcohols, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons and esters. the three major monoterpenes were beta-myrcene (30.2%), p-cymene (12.8%) and dl-limonene (12.4%). the essential oi ... | 2008 | 19040104 |