Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [study on food safety of genetically modified rice which expressed cowpea trypsin inhibitor by 90 day feeding test on rats]. | rats were fed by transgenic rice which expressed insecticidal protein cpti (cowpea trypsin inhibitor) to study if the transgenic rice possessed potential toxic or adverse effects. | 2004 | 15208998 |
| processing of a cowpea--groundnut blend into a miso-like product. | a traditional salt-miso process was used to produce a miso-like product from a 50-50 mixture of cowpea and groundnuts in a 60-day fermentation process as part of a study to determine the suitability of local legumes as raw materials for the production of miso. the koji was freshly prepared from a locally obtained rice and aspergillus oryzae spores obtained from japan. an old miso sample also obtained from japan was used as the source of lactic acid bacteria. the physico-chemical changes in the p ... | 2004 | 15223597 |
| chemical conjugation of heterologous proteins on the surface of cowpea mosaic virus. | genetic economy leads to symmetric distributions of chemically identical subunits in icosaherdal and helical viruses. modification of the subunit genes of a variety of viruses has permitted the display of polypeptides on both the infectious virions and virus particles made in expression systems. icosahedral chimeric particles of this type often display novel properties resulting in high local concentrations of the insert. here we report an extension of this concept in which entire proteins were ... | 2004 | 15264868 |
| spatial analysis for exclusive interactions between subgroups i and ii of cucumber mosaic virus in cowpea. | the dynamics of virus interference in cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) infection in cowpea were investigated by tissue-blotting and in situ hybridization. using co-inoculation assays, we discovered that spatial competition between cmv-le (subgroup i) and cmv-m2 (subgroup ii) occurred in the inoculated leaves. interestingly, competitive interactions between the two viruses also could be observed in the non-inoculated upper leaf tissues of the plants. furthermore, the pattern of exclusive distribution ... | 2004 | 15380357 |
| expression of the two nested overlapping reading frames of turnip yellow mosaic virus rna is enhanced by a 5' cap and by 5' and 3' viral sequences. | the translation efficiency of an mrna molecule is typically determined by its 5'- and/or 3'-untranslated regions (utrs). previously, we have found that the 3'-utr of turnip yellow mosaic virus (tymv) rna enhances translation synergistically with a 5' cap. here, we use a luciferase reporter system in cowpea protoplasts to show that the 5' 217 nucleotides from tymv genomic rna enhance expression relative to a vector-derived 17-nucleotide 5'-utr. maximum expression was observed from rnas with a cap ... | 2004 | 15308727 |
| use of the fluorescent timer dsred-e5 as reporter to monitor dynamics of gene activity in plants. | fluorescent proteins, such as green fluorescent protein and red fluorescent protein (dsred), have become frequently used reporters in plant biology. however, their potential to monitor dynamic gene regulation is limited by their high stability. the recently made dsred-e5 variant overcame this problem. dsred-e5 changes its emission spectrum over time from green to red in a concentration independent manner. therefore, the green to red fluorescence ratio indicates the age of the protein and can be ... | 2004 | 15326279 |
| novel cytopathological structures induced by mixed infection of unrelated plant viruses. | abstract when two unrelated plant viruses infect a plant simultaneously, synergistic viral interactions often occur resulting in devastating diseases. this study was initiated to examine ultrastructural virus-virus interactions of mixed viral infections. mixed infections were induced using potyviruses and viruses from other plant virus families. novel ultrastructural paracrystalline arrays composed of co-infecting viruses, referred to as mixed virus particle aggregates (mvpas), were noted in the ... | 2004 | 18943827 |
| effect of winter cover crops on nematode population levels in north florida. | two experiments were conducted in north-central florida to examine the effects of various winter cover crops on plant-parasitic nematode populations through time. in the first experiment, six winter cover crops were rotated with summer corn (zea mays), arranged in a randomized complete block design. the cover crops evaluated were wheat (triticum aestivum), rye (secale cereale), oat (avena sativa), lupine (lupinus angustifolius), hairy vetch (vicia villosa), and crimson clover (trifolium incarnat ... | 2004 | 19262833 |
| the seed coat of phaseolus vulgaris interferes with the development of the cowpea weevil [callosobruchus maculatus (f.) (coleoptera: bruchidae)]. | we have confirmed here that the seeds of the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris, l.) do not support development of the bruchid callosobruchus maculatus (f.), a pest of cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp] seeds. analysis of the testa (seed coat) of the bean suggested that neither thickness nor the levels of compounds such as tannic acid, tannins, or hcn are important for the resistance. on the other hand, we have found that phaseolin (vicilin-like 7s storage globulin), detected in the testa by west ... | 2004 | 15048195 |
| effectiveness of recombinant soybean cysteine proteinase inhibitors against selected crop pests. | three recombinant soybean cysteine proteinase inhibitors (rscpis), l1, r1 and n2, were assessed for their potential to inhibit the growth and development of three major agricultural crop pests known to utilize digestive cysteine proteinases: western corn rootworm (diabrotica virgifera virgifera, wcr), colorado potato beetle (leptinotarsa decemlineata, cpb) and cowpea weevil (callosobruchus maculatus, cw). in vitro experiments showed that cysteine proteinase activities in the crude gut extracts o ... | 2005 | 15907768 |
| antennal electrophysiological responses of three parasitic wasps to caterpillar-induced volatiles from maize (zea mays mays), cotton (gossypium herbaceum), and cowpea (vigna unguiculata). | many parasitic wasps are attracted to volatiles that are released by plants when attacked by potential hosts. the attractiveness of these semiochemicals from damaged plants has been demonstrated in many tritrophic systems, but the physiological mechanisms underlying the insect responses are poorly understood. we recorded the antennal perception by three parasitoids (cotesia marginiventris, microplitis rufiventris, and campoletis sonorensis) to volatiles emitted by maize, cowpea, and cotton plant ... | 2005 | 16124230 |
| bruchid (coleoptera: bruchidae) ovicidal phenylbutanoid from zingiber purpureum. | the larvicidal activity of the dichloromethane extract of zingiber purpureum roscoe (zingiberaceae) rhizome against the second instar of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is shown to be due to 4-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)buta-1,3-diene. the diene also showed ovicidal activity against the bruchid callosobruchus maculatus (f.) (coleoptera: bruchidae). most of the eggs laid by bruchids on treated cowpea seeds were transparent, and very few of them contained developing embryos. the few larvae pro ... | 2005 | 16156567 |
| a method for field infestation with meloidogyne incognita. | a field inoculation method was developed to produce meloidogyne spp. infestation sites with minimal quantities of nematode inoculum and with a reduced labor requirement compared to previous techniques. in a preseason-methyl bromidefumigated site, nematode egg suspensions were delivered at concentrations of 0 or 10(x) eggs/m of row where x = 2.12, 2.82, 3.52, or 4.22 through a drip line attached to the seed firmer of a commercial 2-row planter into the open seed furrow while planting cowpea. thes ... | 2005 | 19262898 |
| fitness of virulent meloidogyne incognita isolates on susceptible and resistant cowpea. | a study of life-history traits was made to determine factors associated with the fitness of meloidogyne incognita isolates virulent to resistance gene rk in cowpea. egg hatch, root penetration, egg mass production, and fecundity (eggs per egg mass) of avirulent and virulent phenotypes were compared among m. incognita isolates, isofemale lines, and single descent lines over multiple generations on resistant and susceptible cowpea. variation (p </= 0.05) in both hatch and root penetration rates wa ... | 2005 | 19262891 |
| isofemale line analysis of meloidogyne incognita virulence to cowpea resistance gene rk. | isofemale lines (ifl) from single egg masses were studied for genetic variation in meloidogyne incognita isolates avirulent and virulent to the resistance gene rk in cowpea (vigna unguiculata). in parental isolates cultured on susceptible and resistant cowpea, the virulent isolate contained 100% and the avirulent isolate 7% virulent lineages. virulence was selected from the avirulent isolate within eight generations on resistant cowpea (lineage selection). in addition, virulence was selected fro ... | 2005 | 19262890 |
| gentian mosaic virus: a new species in the genus fabavirus. | abstract a viral isolate, designated n-1 and obtained from a gentian (gentiana scabra) plant that exhibited mosaic symptoms, was transmitted mechanically to nine plant species in six families. these plants are known as hosts of fabaviruses. the n-1 isolate was composed of isometric particles 30 nm in diameter and included two rna molecules of approximately 6.0 and 3.6 kb in length, as estimated by agarose gel electrophoresis. the rnas were encapsidated separately in two of the three types of par ... | 2005 | 18943990 |
| influence of crop residue ration supplementation on the attainment of puberty and postpartum reproductive activities of red sokoto goats. | the general objective of this study was to come up with an appropriate, affordable and locally available crop residue supplementation package that would enhance reproductive performance in small ruminants. specifically, 28 red sokoto weaner does between 3 and 4 months of age weighing between 2 and 3 kg were used in the first experiment to determine the influence of crop residue supplementation on age and weight at puberty as determined by blood progesterone levels. in the second experiment, anot ... | 2005 | 19112710 |
| the crystal structure of an eukaryotic iron superoxide dismutase suggests intersubunit cooperation during catalysis. | superoxide dismutases (sods) are a family of metalloenzymes that catalyze the dismutation of superoxide anion radicals into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. iron superoxide dismutases (fesods) are only expressed in some prokaryotes and plants. a new and highly active fesod with an unusual subcellular localization has recently been isolated from the plant vigna unguiculata (cowpea). this protein functions as a homodimer and, in contrast to the other members of the sod family, is localized ... | 2005 | 15659371 |
| influence of virus infection on the leaf protein yield. | influence of cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) and common bean mosaic virus (cbmv) infection on the yield of extractable leaf protein of cowpea cvs. pusa phaguni, pusa barsati, and yard long was studied. an increase as well as decrease in the yield of leaf protein concentrate (lpc), due to virus infection, has been observed. cpmv infection increased lpc yield in all the cowpea cvs., but cbmv decreased it in cys. pusa phaguni and yard long. variation in percentage of extractable nitrogen and protein in ... | 2005 | 549391 |
| increased salinity tolerance of cowpea plants by dual inoculation of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus clarum and a nitrogen-fixer azospirillum brasilense. | pot greenhouse experiments were carried out to attempt to increase the salinity tolerance of one of the most popular legume of the world; cowpea; by using dual inoculation of an am fungus glomus clarum and a nitrogen-fixer azospirillum brasilense. the effect of these beneficial microbes, as single- or dual inoculation-treatments, was assessed in sterilized loamy sand soil at five nacl levels (0.0~7.2 ds/m) in irrigating water. the results of this study revealed that percentage of mycorrhizal inf ... | 2005 | 24049474 |
| bio-active composts from rice straw enriched with rock phosphate and their effect on the phosphorous nutrition and microbial community in rhizosphere of cowpea. | composts were produced from rice straw enriched with rock phosphate and inoculated with aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride and/or farmyard manure (fym). the resulting composts were evaluated as organic phosphate fertilizers for cowpea plants in pot experiments. the results showed that the maximum amount of soluble phosphorous (1000 ppm) was produced in composts inoculated with a. niger+t. viride with or without fym. any of the produced composts was much better than superphosphate fertilizer i ... | 2005 | 15627564 |
| diversity and distribution of begomoviruses infecting tomato in india. | leaf curl begomoviruses cause serious yield losses to indian tomato crops. total dnas were extracted from leaves of 69 tomato plants and 34 weeds or neighbouring crops collected from all the major tomato producing areas of india. eighty-one of the 103 samples were positive by pcrs using begomovirus genus-specific primers. coat protein (cp) genes from 29 samples were pcr amplified, cloned and sequenced. phylogenetic analyses of the cp sequences revealed five different tomato leaf curl begomovirus ... | 2005 | 15703846 |
| deletion of highly conserved arginine-rich rna binding motif in cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein results in virion structural alterations and rna packaging constraints. | the n-proximal region of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (ccmv) capsid protein (cp) contains an arginine-rich rna binding motif (arm) that is also found in the cps of other members of bromoviridae and in other rna binding proteins such as the tat and rev proteins of human immunodeficiency virus. to assess the critical role played by this motif during encapsidation, a variant of ccmv rna3 (c3) precisely lacking the arm region (c3/delta919) of its cp gene was constructed. the biology and the compete ... | 2005 | 15731222 |
| effect of processing on the antioxidant vitamins and antioxidant capacity of vigna sinensis var. carilla. | cowpea (vigna sinensis l. var. carilla) flours obtained by fermentation with inoculum lactobacillus plantarum (pf) or with the natural microorganisms present in the flour (nf) and subsequent heat treatment in an autoclave were prepared to study the effect of fermentation on the antioxidant vitamin content and on the antioxidant capacity. bacterial counts and ph values, vitamins c and e, carotenoids, glutathione (gsh), superoxide dismutase-like activity (sod-like activity), peroxyl radical-trappi ... | 2005 | 15713044 |
| xylem transport and shoot accumulation of lumichrome, a newly recognized rhizobial signal, alters root respiration, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration and photosynthetic rates in legumes and cereals. | * root respiration, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration and photosynthetic rates were measured in phytotron and field-grown plants following the application of 5 or 10 nm lumichrome, 10 nm aba (abscisic acid) and 10 ml of 0.2 od600 infective rhizobial cells. * providing soybean and cowpea roots with their respective homologous rhizobia and/or purified lumichrome increased the concentration of this molecule in xylem sap and leaf extracts. relative to control, rhizobial inoculation and lumich ... | 2005 | 15720696 |
| dispensability of 3' trna-like sequence for packaging cowpea chlorotic mottle virus genomic rnas. | the 3' ends of three genomic rnas (grnas) of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (ccmv) terminate in a highly conserved trna-like structure (3'tls). to examine the intrinsic role played the 3'tls in packaging, the competence of each grna lacking the 3' tls (deltatls-grna) to interact with dissociated coat protein (cp) subunits and form virions was assayed in vitro. in contrast to the well established requirement for the participation of either viral 3'tls or host-trnas in the assembly of rna-containin ... | 2005 | 15680430 |
| symbiotic hydrogenase activity in bradyrhizobium sp. (vigna) increases nitrogen content in vigna unguiculata plants. | bradyrhizobium sp. (lupinus) and bradyrhizobium sp. (vigna) mutants in which hydrogenase (hup) activity was affected were constructed and analyzed. vigna unguiculata plants inoculated with the bradyrhizobium sp. (vigna) hup mutant showed reduced nitrogenase activity and also a significant decrease in nitrogen content, suggesting a relevant contribution of hydrogenase activity to plant yield. | 2005 | 16269797 |
| development of cowpea mosaic virus-based vectors for the production of vaccines in plants. | plant viruses are emerging as an attractive alternative to stable genetic transformation for the expression of foreign proteins in plants. the main advantages of using this strategy are that viral genomes are small and easy to manipulate, infection of plants with modified viruses is simpler and quicker than the regeneration of stably transformed plants and the sequence inserted into a virus vector will be highly amplified. one use of these virus expression systems is for vaccine production. amon ... | 2005 | 16221070 |
| identification and pathogenic characterization of endophytic fusarium species from cowpea seeds. | isolates of fusarium were obtained and identified from seeds of cowpea, vigna unguiculata (l.) walp., by means of blotter tests and slide cultures. species were differentiated according to the morphology of the macroconidia, microconidia and their arrangement in chains or false heads, the size and type of conidiophore, and the presence or absence of chlamydospores. the species were identified as f. semitectum, f. equiseti, f. oxysporum, f. solani, f. anthophilum, f. sporotrichioides, f. monilifo ... | 2005 | 15750735 |
| screening of a peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) cdna library to isolate a bowman-birk trypsin inhibitor clone. | peanut crop losses due to insect and pest infestation cost peanut farmers nearly 20% of their annual yields. the conventional use of chemicals to combat this problem is costly and toxic to humans and livestock and leads to the development of resistance by target insects. transgenic plants expressing a trypsin inhibitor gene in tobacco and cowpea have proven to be efficient for resistance against insects. therefore, a transgenic peanut overexpressing a trypsin inhibitor gene could be an alternati ... | 2005 | 15769131 |
| purification of a lectin from the marine red alga gracilaria ornata and its effect on the development of the cowpea weevil callosobruchus maculatus (coleoptera: bruchidae). | a lectin from the marine red alga gracilaria ornata (gracilariaceae, rodophyta) was purified and characterized. the purification procedure consisted of extracting soluble proteins in 0.025 m tris-hcl buffer, ph 7.5, followed by ammonium sulfate precipitation (70% saturation), ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose and affinity chromatography on mucin-sepharose 4b. the purified g. ornata lectin (gol) showed a single protein band with an apparent molecular mass of 17 kda when submitted to s ... | 2005 | 15869843 |
| coat protein-independent cell-to-cell movement of bromoviruses expressing brome mosaic virus movement protein with an adaptation-related amino acid change in the central region. | the movement protein (mp) of brome mosaic virus (bmv) depends on the coat protein (cp) to mediate the cell-to-cell movement of bmv and ccmv(b3a), a recombinant cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (ccmv) expressing bmv mp. previous studies identified gain-of-function mutations in the central region of bmv mp that enable ccmv(b3a) to adapt to a resistant host. this study demonstrates that all adaptation-related mps can partially or almost fully mediate the cell-to-cell movement of ccmv(b3a) and bmv with ... | 2005 | 15906103 |
| guab activity is required in rhizobium tropici during the early stages of nodulation of determinate nodules but is dispensable for the sinorhizobium meliloti-alfalfa symbiotic interaction. | the guab mutant strain rhizobium tropici ciat8999-10t is defective in symbiosis with common bean, forming nodules that lack rhizobial content. in order to investigate the timing of the guab requirement during the nodule formation on the host common bean by the strain ciat899-10.t, we constructed gene fusions in which the guab gene is expressed under the control of the symbiotic promoters noda, baca, and nifh. our data indicated that the guab is required from the early stages of nodulation becaus ... | 2005 | 16042020 |
| structural characterization of a flavonoid-inducible pseudomonas aeruginosa a-band-like o antigen of rhizobium sp. strain ngr234, required for the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules. | rhizobium (sinorhizobium) sp. strain ngr234 contains three replicons, the smallest of which (pngr234a) carries most symbiotic genes, including those required for nodulation and lipo-chito-oligosaccharide (nod factor) biosynthesis. activation of nod gene expression depends on plant-derived flavonoids, nodd transcriptional activators, and nod box promoter elements. nod boxes nb6 and nb7 delimit six different types of genes, one of which (fixf) is essential for the formation of effective nodules on ... | 2005 | 16159781 |
| the strigolactone germination stimulants of the plant-parasitic striga and orobanche spp. are derived from the carotenoid pathway. | the seeds of parasitic plants of the genera striga and orobanche will only germinate after induction by a chemical signal exuded from the roots of their host. up to now, several of these germination stimulants have been isolated and identified in the root exudates of a series of host plants of both orobanche and striga spp. in most cases, the compounds were shown to be isoprenoid and belong to one chemical class, collectively called the strigolactones, and suggested by many authors to be sesquit ... | 2005 | 16183851 |
| normal mode calculations of icosahedral viruses with full dihedral flexibility by use of molecular symmetry. | the study of the dynamics and thermodynamics of small icosahedral virus capsids is an active field of research. normal mode analysis is one of the computational tools that can provide important insights into the conformational changes of the virus associated with cell entry or caused by changing of the physicochemical environment. normal mode analysis of virus capsids has been limited due to the size of these systems, which often exceed 50,000 residues. here we present the first normal mode calc ... | 2005 | 15922356 |
| synthesis of infectious in vitro transcripts from cassia yellow blotch bromovirus cdna clones and a reassortment analysis with other bromoviruses in protoplasts. | cassia yellow blotch virus (cybv), genus bromovirus, was isolated from the australian native legume, cassia pleurocarpa, in western queensland, and its host range was found to be distinct from other bromoviruses. in this study, cybv was shown to infect systemically and efficiently a model plant species, arabidopsis thaliana, as we recently reported for another bromovirus, spring beauty latent virus (sblv). we constructed full-length cdna clones of cybv genomic rnas from which infectious in vitro ... | 2005 | 15770356 |
| in vivo bioinsecticidal activity toward ceratitis capitata (fruit fly) and callosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil) and in vitro bioinsecticidal activity toward different orders of insect pests of a trypsin inhibitor purified from tamarind tree (tamarindus indica) seeds. | a proteinaceous inhibitor with high activity against trypsin-like serine proteinases was purified from seeds of the tamarind tree (tamarindus indica) by gel filtration on shephacryl s-200 followed by a reverse-phase hplc vidac c18 tp. the inhibitor, called the tamarind trypsin inhibitor (tti), showed a mr of 21.42 kda by mass spectrometry analysis. tti was a noncompetitive inhibitor with a ki value of 1.7 x 10(-9) m. in vitro bioinsecticidal activity against insect digestive enzymes from differe ... | 2005 | 15913299 |
| identification and quantification of three genetically modified insect resistant cotton lines using conventional and taqman real-time polymerase chain reaction methods. | as the genetically modified organisms (gmos) labeling policies are issued in many countries, qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques are increasingly used for the detection of genetically modified (gm) crops in foods. qualitative pcr and taqman real-time quantitative pcr methods to detect and identify three varieties of insect resistant cotton, i.e., mon531 cotton (monsanto co.) and gk19 and sgk321 cottons (chinese academy of agricultural sciences), which were app ... | 2005 | 16076097 |
| absence of interaction of genomic components and complementation between mungbean yellow mosaic india virus isolates in cowpea. | agroinoculations were performed with dna a and dna b components of mungbean yellow mosaic india virus (mymiv) isolates differing in their infectivity on cowpea. exchange of genomic components of the mymiv isolates occurred in all the leguminous species but not in cowpea. extremely low viral dna accumulation and atypical leaf curl symptoms produced by reassortants in cowpea suggest barriers both for replication and systemic movement despite genetic similarity. | 2005 | 15931466 |
| characterization of resistance to callosobruchus maculatus (coleoptera: bruchidae) in mungbean variety vc6089a and its resistance-associated protein vrd1. | characteristics of resistance of vc6089a, a mungbean, vigna radiata (l.) wilczek, bred by using a wild vigna species, v. sublobata (roxburgh) verdcourt (accession no. tc1966), and containing a novel protein, vrd1, were investigated against the cowpea weevil, callosobruchus maculatus (f.). the seeds of vc6089a showed high level of resistance; > 96% of the bruchid eggs failed to develop into adults, whereas 85% of eggs laid on susceptible cultivar vc1973a became adults. mortality of surviving bruc ... | 2005 | 16156592 |
| immunodiagnosis of groundnut and watermelon bud necrosis viruses using polyclonal antiserum to recombinant nucleocapsid protein of groundnut bud necrosis virus. | in vitro gene expression strategy was used for the production of polyclonal antiserum to the nucleocapsid protein (np) of groundnut bud necrosis virus (gbnv). the gbnv np gene from cowpea isolate was cloned into 6x his-tagged ua cloning vector and expressed in escherichia coli [m15] cells. the fusion protein was detected in insoluble fraction and was purified by using ni-nta agarose resin. the purified 6x his-fusion protein ( approximately 32 kda) was used for immunisation to produce a high titr ... | 2005 | 16095728 |
| relationships of intercropped maize, stem borer damage to maize yield and land-use efficiency in the humid forest of cameroon. | stem borers are the most important maize pests in the humid forest zone of cameroon. field trials were conducted in the long and short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003 to assess the level of damage and yield reductions caused by stem borers in monocropped maize and in maize intercropped with non-host plants such as cassava, cowpea and soybean. the intercrops were planted in two spatial arrangements, i.e. alternating hills or alternating rows. all intercrops and the maize monocrop were grown with a ... | 2005 | 16197562 |
| systemic trafficking of plant virus nanoparticles in mice via the oral route. | the plant virus, cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv), is increasingly being used as a nanoparticle platform for multivalent display of peptides. a growing variety of applications have employed the cpmv display technology including vaccines, antiviral therapeutics, nanoblock chemistry, and materials science. cpmv chimeras can be inexpensively produced from experimentally infected cowpea plants and are completely stable at 37 degrees c and low ph, suggesting that they could be used as edible or mucosally-d ... | 2005 | 16185741 |
| effect of trypsin inhibitor from crotalaria pallida seeds on callosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil) and ceratitis capitata (fruit fly). | a proteinaceous trypsin inhibitor was purified from crotalaria pallida seeds by ammonium sulfate precipitation, affinity chromatography on immobilized trypsin-sepharose and tca precipitation. the trypsin inhibitor, named cpati, had m(r) of 32.5 kda as determined by sds-page and was composed of two subunits with 27.7 and 5.6 kda linked by disulfide bridges. cpati was stable at 50 degrees c and lost 40% of activity at 100 degrees c. cpati was also stable from ph 2 to 12 at 37 degrees c. cpati weak ... | 2005 | 16426854 |
| a bipartite system for the constitutive and inducible expression of high levels of foreign proteins in plants. | we have developed combined transgene/virus vector systems for the expression of heterologous proteins in plants. the systems are based on the bipartite rna plant virus, cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv), and involve the amplification of integrated copies of either full-length or deleted versions of rna-2 carrying a foreign gene. in the case of plants transgenic for full-length versions of rna-2 carrying the green fluorescent protein (gfp), amplification can be achieved by supplying rna-1 either exogeno ... | 2006 | 17177795 |
| effect of supplementation on the feed intake and performance of confined and scavenging crossbred growing chickens in burkina faso. | an experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of crossbred growing chickens (rhode island red x indigenous burkina faso hens) from 6 to 17 weeks of age, under five feeding/management regimes: (1) cmx(+), confined and given a mixed feed containing cracked maize and cowpea and a vitamin-mineral premix ad libitum; (2) cs(+), confined and offered ad libitum a choice of cracked maize and cowpea with the premix; (3) scs(+), scavenging from 09:00 to 16:00 with the diet in treatment (2) availa ... | 2006 | 17137134 |
| [numerical taxonomy and 16s rdna pcr-rflp analysis of rhizobial strains isolated from root nodules of cowpea and mung bean grown in different regions of china]. | seventy-nine rhizobial strains, isolated from root nodules of cowpea ( vigna unguiculata ) and mung bean (vigna radiata ) grown in different regions of china, were studied by a fuzzy cluster analysis of 128 phenotypic characteristics. the phenotypic characterization of these strains showed that most of these strains had high stress resistance. for instance, most of them could grow from ph 5.0 to ph 11.0. over 85% of these strains could grow well on yma plate at 37 degrees c and several of them e ... | 2006 | 17302144 |
| cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv) is widespread in passionfruit in brazil and causes passionfruit woodiness disease. | leaf samples of yellow passionfruit (passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) displaying fruit woodiness symptoms were collected in seven brazilian states and the federal district. viral infection was confirmed by host range and elisa, and fourteen viral isolates were obtained. all isolates were capable of infecting several leguminous host species, although differences in symptom severity were noticeable. woodiness symptoms were reproduced in yellow passionfruit, and mosaic symptoms were induced in comm ... | 2006 | 16596328 |
| molecular modeling and inhibitory activity of cowpea cystatin against bean bruchid pests. | plant cystatins show great potential as tools to genetically engineer resistance of crop plants against pests. two important potential targets are the bean weevils acanthoscelides obtectus and zabrotes subfasciatus, which display major activities of digestive cysteine proteinases in midguts. in this study a cowpea cystatin, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor found in cowpea (vigna unguiculata) seeds, was expressed in escherichia coli and purified with a ni-nta agarose column. it strongly inhibited ... | 2006 | 16470583 |
| capsid protein gene and the type of host plant differentially modulate cell-to-cell movement of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus. | a study was undertaken to measure the rate of coat protein (cp) independent cell-to-cell movement of cowpea chlorotic mottle bromovirus (ccmv) in three different host plants. a ccmv rna3 variant in which the cp gene was substituted with enhanced green fluorescent protein (c3/deltacp-egfp) was coinoculated to three different host plants with transcripts of wild type rnas 1 and 2. comparative analysis of cell-to-cell movement monitored by the egfp expression at various days post inoculation reveal ... | 2006 | 16732474 |
| cloning, restriction mapping and phylogenetic relationship of genomic components of mymiv from lablab purpureus. | the present work describes cloning of genomic components of whitefly transmitted geminivirus infecting lablab purpureus syn. dolichos lablab (commonly known as dolichos bean or hyacinth bean). the genome characterization using pcr with geminiviral degenerate primers and dna sequencing were used to describe the bipartite virus associated with yellow mosaic disease of dolichos lablab. full-length dna-a and dna-b clones were obtained. the dna-a sequence analysis showed that the isolate was similar ... | 2006 | 16242317 |
| use of virus vectors for the expression in plants of active full-length and single chain anti-coronavirus antibodies. | to extend the potential of antibodies and their derivatives to provide passive protection against enteric infections when supplied orally in crude plant extracts, we have expressed both a small immune protein (sip) and a full-length antibody in plants using two different plant virus vectors based on potato virus x (pvx) and cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv). the alphasip molecule consisted of a single chain antibody (scfv) specific for the porcine coronavirus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) ... | 2006 | 17004304 |
| genetic transformation of cowpea (vigna unguiculata l.) and stable transmission of the transgenes to progeny. | cowpeas are nutritious grains that provide the main source of protein, highly digestible energy and vitamins to some of the world's poorest people. the demand for cowpeas is high but yields remain critically low, largely because of insect pests. cowpea germplasm contains little or no resistance to major insect pests and a gene technology approach to adding insect protection traits is now a high priority. we have adapted features of several legume and other transformation systems and reproducibly ... | 2006 | 16244884 |
| an engineered virus as a bright fluorescent tag and scaffold for cargo proteins--capture and transport by gliding microtubules. | we have demonstrated substantial capture and transport of fluorescently-labeled engineered cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) using drosophila kinesin-driven microtubules (mts). the capture occurred through both neutravidin (na)-biotin and antibody (igg)-antigen interactions. the mts were derivatized with rabbit anti-chicken igg or biotin, and the virus was conjugated with chicken igg or na. the cpmv conjugate was introduced into standard mt motility assays via convective flow at concentrations as high ... | 2006 | 17037855 |
| electrostatic properties of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus and cucumber mosaic virus capsids. | electrostatic properties of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (ccmv) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) were investigated using numerical solutions to the poisson-boltzmann equation. experimentally, it has been shown that ccmv particles swell in the absence of divalent cations when the ph is raised from 5 to 7. cmv, although structurally homologous, does not undergo this transition. an analysis of the calculated electrostatic potential confirms that a strong electrostatic repulsion at the calcium-bindi ... | 2006 | 16278831 |
| [transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) with increased resistance to the storage pest obtained by agrobacterium tumefaciens--mediated]. | the transgenic wheat of improved resistance to the storage pest was production. we have introduced the cowpea trypsin inhibitor gene (cpti) into cultured embryonic callus cells of immature embryos of wheat elite line by agrobacterium-mediated method. independent plantlets were obtained from the kanamycin-resistant calli after screening. pcr and real time pcr analysis, pcr-southern and southern blot hybridization indicated that there were 3 transgenic plants viz. transformed- i, ii and iii (t- i, ... | 2006 | 16755923 |
| the potential of plant virus vectors for vaccine production. | plants viruses are versatile vectors that allow the rapid and convenient production of recombinant proteins in plants. compared with production systems based on transgenic plants, viral vectors are easier to manipulate and recombinant proteins can be produced more quickly and in greater yields. over the last few years, there has been much interest in the development of plant viruses as vectors for the production of vaccines, either as whole polypeptides or epitopes displayed on the surface of ch ... | 2006 | 16784246 |
| histological studies of damage by pod-sucking bugs (heteroptera: coreoidea) associated with cowpea vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata in nigeria. | histological studies were conducted on cowpea pods fed upon by the coreoid pod-sucking bugs, anoplocnemis curvipes (fabricius), clavigralla tomentosicollis stål, c. shadabi dolling, riptortus dentipes (fabricius) and mirperus jaculus (thunberg). various degrees of tissue and cellular disruption were apparent, especially in the brachysclereids. they were manifested in terms of plasmolysis, cell enlargement and cell wall disintegration depending on the coreoid species involved. the feeding site an ... | 2006 | 16923212 |
| the use of viral vectors to produce hepatitis b virus core particles in plants. | the expression and assembly of the hepatitis b virus (hbv) nucleocapsid protein (hbcag) were investigated in plants using viral vectors. constructs based on either potato virus x (pvx) or cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) containing the sequence of hbcag were able to infect the appropriate host plants and remained genetically stable during infection. analysis of hbcag expression revealed that the protein can self-assemble into core-like particles and that the assembled material could be partially purif ... | 2006 | 16112207 |
| fragments of atp synthase mediate plant perception of insect attack. | plants can perceive a wide range of biotic attackers and respond with targeted induced defenses. specificity in plant non-self-recognition occurs either directly by perception of pest-derived elicitors or indirectly through resistance protein recognition of host targets that are inappropriately proteolyzed. indirect plant perception can occur during interactions with pathogens, yet evidence for analogous events mediating the detection of insect herbivores remains elusive. here we report indirect ... | 2006 | 16720701 |
| production and biochemical characterization of insecticidal enzymes from aspergillus fumigatus toward callosobruchus maculatus. | in the present work, aspergillus fumigatus is described as a higher producer of hydrolytic enzymes secreted in response to the presence of the callosobruchus maculatus bruchid pest. this fungus was able to grow over cowpea weevil shells as a unique carbon source, secreting alkaline proteolytic and chitinolytic enzymes. enzyme secretion in a. fumigatus was induced by both c. maculatus exoskeleton as well as commercial chitin, and alkaline proteolytic and chitinolytic activities were detected afte ... | 2006 | 16732450 |
| production, acceptability and microbiological evaluation of weaning food formulations. | weaning food formulations were produced from pearl millet cultivar (sosat c-88), cowpea and groundnut in the ratio of 70:20:10 and 5 per cent malt from six pearl millet cultivars (sosat c-88, zango, ex-borno, icmv is 94206, gwagwa, gb 8735) and one sorghum cultivar (icsv iii) were added to produce seven formulations plus the one without malt. microbiological quality of eight weaning food formulations was evaluated. twenty weaning mothers were used to determine the acceptability of gruels from th ... | 2006 | 16169859 |
| cell-to-cell movement of alfalfa mosaic virus can be mediated by the movement proteins of ilar-, bromo-, cucumo-, tobamo- and comoviruses and does not require virion formation. | rna 3 of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) encodes the movement protein (mp) and coat protein (cp). chimeric rna 3 with the amv mp gene replaced by the corresponding mp gene of prunus necrotic ringspot virus, brome mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus or cowpea mosaic virus efficiently moved from cell-to-cell only when the expressed mp was extended at its c-terminus with the c-terminal 44 amino acids of amv mp. mp of tobacco mosaic virus supported the movement of the chimeric rna 3 whether or not the mp ... | 2006 | 16316673 |
| the potyvirus associated with the dappled fruit of passiflora edulis in kagoshima prefecture, japan is the third strain of the proposed new species east asian passiflora virus (eapv) phylogenetically distinguished from strains of passion fruit woodiness virus. | a potyvirus (isolate ib) causing dappled or faded fruits and foliar mosaic symptoms of purple passionfruit, was found in the botanical garden of kagoshima university, japan. this isolate--differed in host range from isolates of passion fruit woodiness virus (pwv)-ao, previously reported to cause "woodiness" in japan. isolates ib and ao had 83% amino acid identity in their coat proteins (cps). in phylogenetic analysis, east asian isolates ib, ao, and pwv-taiwan clustered together, and were distin ... | 2006 | 16328141 |
| screening of entomopathogenic metarhizium anisopliae isolates and proteomic analysis of secretion synthesized in response to cowpea weevil (callosobruchus maculatus) exoskeleton. | cowpea crops are severely attacked by callosobruchus maculatus, a coleopteran that at the larval stage penetrates into stored seeds and feeds on cotyledons. cowpea weevil control could be based in utilization of bacteria and fungi to reduce pest development. entomopathogenic fungi, such as metarhizium anisopliae, are able to control insect-pests and are widely applied in biological control. this report evaluated ten m. anisopliae isolates according to their virulence, correlating chitinolytic, p ... | 2006 | 16406356 |
| soil arsenic availability and the transfer of soil arsenic to crops in suburban areas in fujian province, southeast china. | the bioavailability, soil-to-plant transfer and associated health risks of arsenic in soils collected from paddy rice fields and vegetable fields in suburban areas of some major cities of fujian province were investigated. the total soil concentrations of arsenic ranged from 1.29 to 25.28 mg kg(-)(1) with a mean of 6.09 mg kg(-)(1). available (nah(2)po(4)-extractable) arsenic content accounted for 0.7-38.2% of total soil arsenic and was significantly correlated with total soil arsenic content. f ... | 2006 | 16624379 |
| pharmacological evidence for activation of phospholipid and small gtp binding protein signalling cascades by nod factors. | the effects of lipo-chitin oligosaccharide nod factors (nodngr[s] from rhizobium sp. ngr234) on root hair deformation in vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. were studied using pharmacological agents to mimic and/or inhibit their action. it was hypothesised that the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton seen during nod factor induced root hair deformation is modulated by protein kinase c, monomeric g proteins of the rho superfamily and the location and amount of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphates (pi3ps). th ... | 2006 | 16647267 |
| viral nanoparticles as tools for intravital vascular imaging. | a significant impediment to the widespread use of noninvasive in vivo vascular imaging techniques is the current lack of suitable intravital imaging probes. we describe here a new strategy to use viral nanoparticles as a platform for the multivalent display of fluorescent dyes to image tissues deep inside living organisms. the bioavailable cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) can be fluorescently labeled to high densities with no measurable quenching, resulting in exceptionally bright particles with in vi ... | 2006 | 16501571 |
| variation in the nod gene rflps, nucleotide sequences of 16s rrna genes, nod factors, and nodulation abilities of bradyrhizobium strains isolated from thai vigna plants. | the analysis of nod genes and 16s rrna gene regions, nod factors, and nodulation abilities of brady rhizobium strains isolated from tropical thai vigna species is reported. a total of 55 bradyrhizobium strains isolated from two cultivated and six wild vigna species growing in central and northern thailand were evaluated. thai vigna spp. bradyrhizobium strains showed higher levels of nod gene rflp diversity compared with thai soybean brady rhizobium strains or temperate strains of bradyrhizobium ... | 2006 | 16541157 |
| cap-independent translation mechanism of red clover necrotic mosaic virus rna2 differs from that of rna1 and is linked to rna replication. | the genome of red clover necrotic mosaic virus (rcnmv) in the genus dianthovirus is divided into two rna molecules of rna1 and rna2, which have no cap structure at the 5' end and no poly(a) tail at the 3' end. the 3' untranslated region (3' utr) of rcnmv rna1 contains an essential rna element (3'te-dr1), which is required for cap-independent translation. in this study, we investigated a cap-independent translational mechanism of rna2 using a firefly luciferase (luc) gene expression assay system ... | 2006 | 16571795 |
| an antibody derivative expressed from viral vectors passively immunizes pigs against transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection when supplied orally in crude plant extracts. | to investigate the potential of antibody derivatives to provide passive protection against enteric infections when supplied orally in crude plant extracts, we have expressed a small immune protein (sip) in plants using two different plant virus vectors based on potato virus x (pvx) and cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv). the epsilonsip molecule consisted of a single-chain antibody (scfv) specific for the porcine coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) linked to the epsilon-ch4 domain from ... | 2006 | 17309733 |
| cloning and characterization of a cowpea seed lipid transfer protein cdna: expression analysis during seed development and under fungal and cold stresses in seedlings' tissues. | lipid transfer proteins (ltps) are antimicrobial peptides (amps) involved in the defense of plants against pathogens. our group has previously characterized and purified a ltp from cowpea (vigna unguiculata (l.) walp.) seeds which caused the inhibition of growth of fungal pathogens in vitro. the aim of this work was to obtain the cdna encoding the cowpea ltp and after cloning, to use the cdna as a probe for studying its expression profile during the development of cowpea seeds. in this work, the ... | 2006 | 17084637 |
| identification of a cowpea gamma-thionin with bactericidal activity. | antimicrobial peptides are an abundant group of proteinaceous compounds widely produced in the plant kingdom. among them, the gamma-thionin family, also known as plant defensins, represents one typical family and comprises low molecular mass cysteine-rich proteins, usually cationic and distributed in different plant tissues. here, we report the purification and characterization of a novel gamma-thionin from cowpea seeds (vigna unguiculata), named cp-thionin ii, with bactericidal activity against ... | 2006 | 16824043 |
| visualization of ptdins3p dynamics in living plant cells. | to investigate ptdins3p localization and function in plants, a fluorescent ptdins3p-specific biosensor (yfp-2xfyve) was created. on lipid dot blots it bound specifically and with high affinity to ptdins3p. transient expression in cowpea protoplasts labelled vacuolar membranes and highly motile structures undergoing fusion and fission. stable expression in tobacco by-2 cells labelled similar motile structures, but labelled vacuolar membranes hardly at all. yfp-2xfyve fluorescence strongly co-loca ... | 2006 | 16856980 |
| estimating the digestibility of sahelian roughages from faecal crude protein concentration of cattle and small ruminants. | studies on diet selection and feed intake of ruminants in extensive grazing systems often require the use of simple approaches to determine the organic matter digestibility (omd) of the ingested feed. therefore, we evaluated the validity of the one-factorial exponential regression established by lukas et al. [journal of animal science 83 (2005) 1332], which estimates omd from the faecal crude protein (fcp) concentration. the equation was applied to two sets of data obtained with free grazing and ... | 2006 | 16958793 |
| exo-oligosaccharides of rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 are required for symbiosis with various legumes. | rhizobia are nitrogen-fixing bacteria that establish endosymbiotic associations with legumes. nodule formation depends on various bacterial carbohydrates, including lipopolysaccharides, k-antigens, and exopolysaccharides (eps). an acidic eps from rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 consists of glucosyl (glc), galactosyl (gal), glucuronosyl (glca), and 4,6-pyruvylated galactosyl (pvgal) residues with beta-1,3, beta-1,4, beta-1,6, alpha-1,3, and alpha-1,4 glycoside linkages. here we examined the role of n ... | 2006 | 16923883 |
| dynamics of meloidogyne incognita virulence to resistance genes rk and rk in cowpea. | the virulence index of three meloidogyne incognita field isolates to the resistance gene rk in cowpea was 0%, 75%, and 120%, with the index measured as reproduction on resistant plants as a percentage of the reproduction on susceptible plants. continuous culture of the 75% virulent isolate on susceptible tomato for more than 5 years (about 25 generations) resulted in virulence decline to about 4%. the rate of the decline in virulence was described by exponential decay, indicating the progressive ... | 2006 | 19259435 |
| interstrain pseudorecombinants of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus: effects on systemic spread and symptom formation in soybean and cowpea. | full-length complementary dna (cdna) copies of genomic rna1, rna2, and rna3 segments of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (ccmv) strains d, n, and s were synthesized using polymerase chain reaction and were cloned downstream of a t7 rna polymerase promoter. mixtures of the homologous in vitro-transcribed rnas produced typical ccmv symptoms when inoculated on soybean (cv. bragg) and cowpea (cv. california blackeye) plants. using either gel-purified or in vitro-transcribed ccmv rna components, the pse ... | 2006 | 8118057 |
| deterrent activity of plant lectins on cowpea weevil callosobruchus maculatus (f.) oviposition. | a set of 14 plant lectins was screened in a binary choice bioassay for inhibitory activity on cowpea weevil callosobruchus maculatus (f.) oviposition. coating of chickpea seeds (cicer arietinum l.) with a 0.05% (w/v) solution of plant lectins caused a significant reduction in egg laying. control experiments with heat inactivated lectin and bsa indicated that the observed deterrent effects are specific and require carbohydrate-binding activity. however, no clear correlation could be established b ... | 2006 | 16887156 |
| insecticidal action of bauhinia monandra leaf lectin (bmoll) against anagasta kuehniella (lepidoptera: pyralidae), zabrotes subfasciatus and callosobruchus maculatus (coleoptera: bruchidae). | bruchid beetle larvae cause major losses in grain legume crops throughout the world. some bruchid species, such as the cowpea weevil (callosobruchus maculatus) and the mexican bean weevil (zabrotes subfasciatus), are pests that damage stored seeds. the mediterranean flour moth (anagasta kuehniella) is of major economic importance as a flour and grain feeder; it is often a severe pest in flour mills. plant lectins have been implicated as antibiosis factors against insects. bauhinia monandra leaf ... | 2007 | 16488638 |
| cgkb: an annotation knowledge base for cowpea (vigna unguiculata l.) methylation filtered genomic genespace sequences. | cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp.] is one of the most important food and forage legumes in the semi-arid tropics because of its ability to tolerate drought and grow on poor soils. it is cultivated mostly by poor farmers in developing countries, with 80% of production taking place in the dry savannah of tropical west and central africa. cowpea is largely an underexploited crop with relatively little genomic information available for use in applied plant breeding. the goal of the cowpea genomic ... | 2007 | 17445272 |
| management of disease complex caused by root knot nematode and root wilt fungus on pigeonpea through soil organically enriched with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza, karanj (pongamia pinnata) oilseed cake and farmyard manure. | this investigation was undertaken to compare the percentage response of colonization and development of va-mycorrhiza (glomus fasciculatum) on a number of pulse crops viz. cowpea, chickpea, soybean, pigeonpea and lentil under glasshouse conditions. among the above-mentioned crops, pigeonpea exhibited the best performance and was selected for further studies. in this host the development and colonization percentage of g. fasciculatum was investigated under two separate substrates i. e. soil amend ... | 2007 | 17978958 |
| characterization of resistance to multiple aphid species (hemiptera: aphididae) in medicago truncatula. | aphids are phloem-feeding insects that damage many important crops throughout the world yet, compared to plant-pathogen interactions, little is known about the mechanisms by which plants become resistant to aphids. medicago truncatula (barrel medic) is widely considered as the pre-eminent model legume for genetic and biological research and in australia is an important pasture species. six cultivars of m. truncatula with varying levels of resistance to two pests of pasture and forage legumes, th ... | 2007 | 17298680 |
| cowpea chloroplastic atp synthase is the source of multiple plant defense elicitors during insect herbivory. | in cowpea (vigna unguiculata), fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) herbivory and oral secretions (os) elicit phytohormone production and volatile emission due to inceptin [vu-in; (+)icdingvcvda(-)], a peptide derived from chloroplastic atp synthase gamma-subunit (catpc) proteins. elicitor-induced plant volatiles can function as attractants for natural enemies of insect herbivores. we hypothesized that inceptins are gut proteolysis products and that larval os should contain a mixture of related ... | 2007 | 17369425 |
| cowpea viruses: effect of single and mixed infections on symptomatology and virus concentration. | natural multiple viral infections of cultivated cowpeas have been reported in nigeria. in this study, three nigerian commercial cowpea cultivars ("olo 11", "oloyin" and "white") and two lines from the iita (it86d- 719 and tvu 76) were mechanically inoculated with cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv), bean southern mosaic virus (sbmv) and cowpea mottle virus (cmev) singly, as well as in all possible combinations at 10, 20 and 30 days after planting (dap). samples of leaves or stems were collec ... | 2007 | 17900355 |
| [primary investigation on metabolism of hpt gene in transgenic rice modified with cowpea trypsin inhibitor gene in rats]. | the metabolism characteristic in the gastrointestinal tract and possibility of transfer from gastrointestinal tract into liver and kidney was investigated. | 2007 | 18095566 |
| induction of protective immunity in swine by recombinant bamboo mosaic virus expressing foot-and-mouth disease virus epitopes. | plant viruses can be employed as versatile vectors for the production of vaccines by expressing immunogenic epitopes on the surface of chimeric viral particles. although several viruses, including tobacco mosaic virus, potato virus x and cowpea mosaic virus, have been developed as vectors, we aimed to develop a new viral vaccine delivery system, a bamboo mosaic virus (bamv), that would carry larger transgene loads, and generate better immunity in the target animals with fewer adverse environment ... | 2007 | 17900346 |
| high-level constitutive expression in pichia pastoris and one-step purification of phospholipase d from cowpea (vigna unguiculata l. walp). | phospholipase d (pld) is one of the main enzymes involved in signal transduction, vesicle trafficking and membrane metabolism processes. here we describe the heterologous high-yield expression in the yeast pichia pastoris, one-step purification and characterization of catalytically active pldalpha from cowpea (vigna unguiculata l. walp). immunoblotting experiments showed that recombinant pldalpha is recognized by a polyclonal antibody raised against native soybean pldalpha. a single calcium-depe ... | 2007 | 16949301 |
| phytostabilization of mine waste: growth and physiological responses of vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. | greenhouse experiments were carried out for phytoremediation of the pb/zn abandoned tailings (ph 3.2 and high metal content) of rampura-agucha mines, rajasthan. vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. (cowpea) was chosen as a test crop. on unamended tailings, the seeds of the test plant showed no germination. the tailing was amended with lime (3% on weight basis), 3% lime + npk (diammonium phosphate at 60 kg/ha, muriate of potash at 40 kg/ ha) and 3% lime + fym at 15 t/ha and used for experiments. quantifi ... | 2007 | 18380090 |
| expression and self-assembly of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus-like particles in pseudomonas fluorescens. | coat protein of the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (ccmv), a plant bromovirus, has been expressed in a soluble form in a prokaryote, pseudomonas fluorescens, and assembled into virus-like particles (vlps) in vivo that were structurally similar to the native ccmv particles derived from plants. the ccmv vlps were purified by peg precipitation followed by separation on a sucrose density gradient and analyzed by size exclusion chromatography, uv spectrometry, and transmission electron microscopy. dna ... | 2007 | 17113675 |
| heavy metal accumulations of 24 asparagus bean cultivars grown in soil contaminated with cd alone and with multiple metals (cd, pb, and zn). | crops grown in heavy metal contaminated soils are an important avenue for these toxic pollutants entering the human food chain. information on how crops respond to soil contaminations of single versus multiple metals is scarce and much needed. this study investigated the accumulation of cd by 24 cultivars of asparagus bean (vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis l., family fabaceae) under a low level (0.8 mg kg-1) and a high level (11.8 mg kg-1) of cd exposure in a garden experiment, and that in ... | 2007 | 17263511 |
| introduction of the anti-apoptotic baculovirus p35 gene in passion fruit induces herbicide tolerance, reduced bacterial lesions, but does not inhibits passion fruit woodiness disease progress induced by cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv). | the introduction of anti-apoptotic genes into plants leads to resistance to environmental stress and broad-spectrum disease resistance. the anti-apoptotic gene (p35) from a baculovirus was introduced into the genome of passion fruit plants by biobalistics. eleven regenerated plants showed the presence of the p35 gene by pcr and/or dot blot hybridization. transcriptional analysis of regenerated plants showed the presence of specific p35 transcripts in 9 of them. regenerated plants containing the ... | 2007 | 17016672 |
| sobemoviruses possess a common cfmv-like genomic organization. | based on structural differences in the orf2 region, the sobemoviruses have been subdivided into southern cowpea mosaic virus (scpmv)-like and cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv)-like types of genome organization. however, nearly identical amino acid sequences are encoded by these subgroups in different reading frames of orf2, suggesting that insertion or deletion of appropriate nucleotides could restore similar genomic organizations for these viruses. we resequenced the regions of inconsistency for is ... | 2007 | 17115301 |
| phenotypic plasticity in a complex world: interactive effects of food and temperature on fitness components of a seed beetle. | most studies of phenotypic plasticity investigate the effects of an individual environmental factor on organism phenotypes. however, organisms exist in an ecologically complex world where multiple environmental factors can interact to affect growth, development and life histories. here, using a multifactorial experimental design, we examine the separate and interactive effects of two environmental factors, rearing host species (vigna radiata, vigna angularis and vigna unguiculata) and temperatur ... | 2007 | 17486371 |
| bio-distribution, toxicity and pathology of cowpea mosaic virus nanoparticles in vivo. | virus-based nanoparticles (vnps) from a variety of sources are being developed for biomedical and nanotechnology applications that include tissue targeting and drug delivery. however, the fate of most of those particles in vivo has not been investigated. cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv), a plant comovirus, has been found to be amenable to the attachment of a variety of molecules to its coat protein, as well as to modification of the coat protein sequence by genetic means. we report here the results of ... | 2007 | 17512998 |
| highly sensitive determination of transient generation of biophotons during hypersensitive response to cucumber mosaic virus in cowpea. | the hypersensitive response (hr) is one mechanism of the resistance of plants to pathogen infection. it involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (ros) which have crucial roles in signal transduction or as toxic agents leading to cell death. often, ros generation is accompanied by an ultraweak photon emission resulting from radical reactions that are initiated by ros through the oxidation of living materials such as lipids, proteins, and dna. this photon emission, referred to as 'biopho ... | 2007 | 17158510 |
| inactivation and purification of cowpea mosaic virus-like particles displaying peptide antigens from bacillus anthracis. | chimeric cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) particles displaying foreign peptide antigens on the particle surface are suitable for development of peptide-based vaccines. however, commonly used peg precipitation-based purification methods are not sufficient for production of high quality vaccine candidates because they do not allow for separation of chimeric particles from cleaved contaminating species. moreover, the purified particles remain infectious to plants. to advance the cpmv technology further, ... | 2007 | 17227681 |
| molecular identification of four different alpha-amylase inhibitors from baru (dipteryx alata) seeds with activity toward insect enzymes. | the endophytic bruchid pest callosobruchus maculatus causes severe damage to storage cowpea seeds, leading to economical losses. for this reason the use of alpha-amylase inhibitors to interfere with the pest digestion process has been an interesting alternative to control bruchids. with this aim, alpha-amylase inhibitors from baru seeds (dipteryx alata) were isolated by affinity chromatographic procedures, causing enhanced inhibition of c. maculatus and anthonomus grandis alpha-amylases. to atte ... | 2007 | 17669264 |
| effects of green manures on growth, yield and quality of green okra (abelmoschus esculentus l.) har lium cultivar. | this green manure experiment with the use of okra crop as indicator plant was carried out at mahasarakham university experimental farm, mahasarakham province, northeast thailand during may to september 2005 to investigate four types of green manure legume crops on growth, yield and quality of edible fresh pods of okra crop when grown on roi-et soil series (oxic paleustults). the four types of green manure plants include jack bean, cowpea, green gram, and giant sensitive plant. the experiment con ... | 2007 | 19070046 |