Publications

evaluation of the pathogenic potential of rickettsia canada and rickettsia prowazekii organisms in dogs.	an unusual pattern of seroreactivity to antigens of rickettsial organisms (rickettsia rickettsii, r rhipicephali, r montana, and r bellii), particularly to r bellii antigen, was detected in 3 dogs during a 2-month period. thus, studies were initiated to clarify the pathogenic potential of the more distantly related rickettsial organisms (r canada and r prowazekii) in dogs. because r bellii are nonpathogenic rickettsiae that share numerous common properties with spotted fever-group and typhus-gro ...	1995	7601694
rocky mountain spotted fever: a seasonal alert.	rocky mountain spotted fever occurs during seasonal tick activity. a history of exposure to tick-containing habitats within the 3- to 12-day incubation period is a key epidemiological factor. the signs of fever, headache, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia at onset of infection are difficult to distinguish from those of self-limited viral infections. rash usually appears later and, if present, progresses through a sequence of stages and distribution that are never pathognomonic. the effects ...	1995	7619984
long-term sequelae of rocky mountain spotted fever.	twenty-five patients with definite or probable rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) who were hospitalized for > or = 2 weeks were identified from our database of 105 patients. follow-up information was collected for 20 patients, per telephone and/or medical records. the remaining five patients were lost to follow-up or died. nine patients had > or = 1 long-term sequelae (defined as complications related to an original acute infection with rickettsia rickettsii that persisted for > or = 1 year fol ...	1995	7619986
persistence of rickettsiae in the partially viable gangrenous margins of amputated extremities 5 to 7 weeks after onset of rocky mountain spotted fever.	a case of rocky mountain spotted fever complicated by gangrene of the extremities required amputation and showed persistent rickettsial infection in the margins of the gangrene at 5 and 7 weeks after onset of illness. rickettsial organisms were demonstrated by immunoperoxidase staining in the viable endothelial cells in the ischemic margins of the gangrenous tissue. we conclude that the cellular, humoral, and pharmacologic components that lead to eradication of the rickettsiae were not delivered ...	1995	7748070
protection of guinea-pigs from experimental rocky mountain spotted fever by immunization with baculovirus-expressed rickettsia rickettsii rompa protein.	baculovirus recombinants that express the rickettsia rickettsii rompa protein were constructed. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the rompa protein reacted with recombinant-infected spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells in indirect immunofluorescence assays. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting of infected sf9 cell lysates with a mab against rompa showed that the recombinant-expressed rompa protein migrated slightly below rompa extracted from r. rickettsii. ...	1995	7762273
[the application of pcr to epidemiological study on spotted fever group rickettsiae].	it was the first time that a primer pairs derived from the 190kda protein antigen gene of r. rickettsii were used to amplify sfgr dna in ticks, tick ova, larva, tick faeces and rodent organs which were collected in hebei, heilongjiang, hainan and beijing. a 532bp fragment was respectively amplified from above samples. the results were partially in concordance with data obtained through rickettsiae isolation. it was suggested that pcr is a rapid, specific, sensitive and practical method for detec ...	1995	7767922
detection of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks and rodents by polymerase chain reaction technique in people's republic of china.	the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique for amplification of genomic fragments of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae directly from field samples of ticks, tick ova, tick larvae, tick faeces and organs of wild mice was employed for the first time in p.r. of china. ticks and rodents were collected in beijing and heilongjiang, hainan and hebei provinces. the pcr primers were designed from the dna sequence encoding the 190 k protein of r. rickettsii for a 532 bp long product. seven of ten t ...	1995	8722295
hemocytic rickettsia-like organisms in ticks: serologic reactivity with antisera to ehrlichiae and detection of dna of agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis by pcr.	ixodid ticks were collected from connecticut, massachusetts, missouri, pennsylvania, rhode island, and british columbia (canada) during 1991 to 1994 to determine the prevalence of infection with hemocytic (blood cell), rickettsia-like organisms. hemolymph obtained from these ticks was analyzed by direct and indirect fluorescent antibody (fa) staining methods with dog, horse, or human sera containing antibodies to ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, or rickettsia rickettsii. of the 693 nymphal and a ...	1995	8567911
rocky mountain "spotless" fever with an erythema migrans-like skin lesion.	we report a case of rocky mountain "spotless" fever with a localized rash at the site of the tick bite that resembled the erythema migrans rash of lyme borreliosis. physicians who practice in geographic areas where rocky mountain spotted fever occurs should be aware of this unusual presentation.	1995	8589170
interleukin-1 alpha production during rickettsia rickettsii infection of cultured endothelial cells: potential role in autocrine cell stimulation.	rickettsia rickettsii infection results in numerous responses by cultured endothelial cells, among them a rapid, transient increase in steady-state levels of tissue factor mrna (l.a. sporn, p.j. haidaris, r.-j. shi, y. nemerson, d.j. silverman, and v.j. marder, blood 83:1527-1534, 1994). in this study, production of interleukin-1 (il-1) was measured during infection and its potential role in autocrine cell stimulation was investigated. a fivefold increase in levels of il-1 alpha antigen was meas ...	1996	8613368
deletion in the 190 kda antigen gene repeat region of rickettsia rickettsii.	the 190 kda outer membrane protein of rickettsia rickettsii is a major immunodominant protective antigen which contains 13 tandem nearly identical repeating sequences. we have identified a deletion in the 190 kda antigen gene of r. rickettsii strain smith maintained in the laboratory. the deletion occurred within the repeat region of this gene and the mutated repeat region corresponded to one repeating unit in size.	1996	8692010
tick-borne illness increasing in oklahoma.		1996	8720556
rocky mountain spotted fever.		1996	8727127
laboratory diagnosis of rickettsial diseases.		1996	8727134
genetic variation in australian spotted fever group rickettsiae.	rickettsiae were isolated by cell culture of buffy coat blood from six patients with spotted fever from southeastern australia and flinders island in bass strait. the isolates were genetically compared with two previous rickettsia australis patient isolates. the genus-specific 17-kda genes from the isolates were compared after dna amplification and restriction fragment analysis of the amplified dna. this comparison revealed that mainland rickettsial isolates from southeastern australia were iden ...	1996	8735110
[spotted fever group rickettsiosis and vectors in kanagawa prefecture].	primer pairs for pcr were designed from the gene encoding the 17,000-molecular-weight genus-common antigen of rickettsia japonica, rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia conorii, rickettsia typhi and rickettsia prowazekii. primers r1, r2 were designed for amplifying the genomic dna from spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae and epidemic typhus rickettsiae. primers rj5, rj10 were designed for amplifying the genomic dna from only r. japonica. using the primers r1, r2, about a 540-bp fragment was observ ...	1996	8741704
increased expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in r. rickettsii-infected endothelial cells.	changes in pai-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec) were studied following in vitro infection with rickettsia rickettsii. a 1.8-fold increase in secreted pai-1 activity occurred in infected versus control cultures (p = 0.03) at 24 h but not at earlier timepoints. a similar increase (1.4-fold) in secreted pai-1 antigen (p < 0.005) was measured by elisa. to determine whether this increase was due to increased synthesis of pai-1, huvec were metabolically labeled with 35s-m ...	1996	8743186
unrecognized spotted fever group rickettsiosis masquerading as dengue fever in mexico.	although rocky mountain spotted fever was documented in northern mexico during the 1940s, spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsioses have subsequently received little attention in mexico. in this study, sera collected in 1993 from 50 patients from the mexican states of yucatan and jalisco, who were suspected clinically to have dengue fever but had no antibodies to dengue virus, were examined by indirect immunofluorescence for igm antibodies reactive with rickettsia rickettsii, r. akari, and r. typh ...	1996	8780453
reliving a nightmare: a hard (and tragic) lesson in humility.		1996	8816145
remember rocky mountain spotted fever--a lesson in ethical principles.		1996	8816146
parasites and selected diseases of collared peccaries (tayassu tajacu) in the trans-pecos region of texas.	fifty-five collared peccaries (tayassu tajacu) were collected from october 1988 through april 1991 from five counties within the trans-pecos region of texas (usa) to monitor for diseases and parasites. no endoparasites were recovered on gross examination. antibody to borrelia burgdorferi was documented in one (2%) of 55 specimens. three (6%) of 54 collared peccaries were positive for yersinia pestis antibodies. all collared peccaries were negative for antibodies against brucella spp., francisell ...	1996	8827690
differentiation of spotted fever group rickettsiae by sequencing and analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of pcr-amplified dna of the gene encoding the protein rompa.	currently, the genotypic identification of the spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae is based on restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of pcr-amplified genes coding for the enzyme citrate synthase and the surface proteins rompa and rompb. a set of useful restriction endonucleases was found following comparison of rickettsia rickettsii and r. prowazekii sequences. however, by using three pcr amplifications and four enzyme digestions with this set, it was impossible to differentiate be ...	1996	8862558
medical microbiology	rickettsiae are small, gram-negative bacilli that have evolved in such close association with arthropod hosts that they are adapted to survive within the host cells. they represent a rather diverse collection of bacteria, and therefore listing characteristics that apply to the entire group is difficult. the common threads that hold the rickettsiae into a group are their epidemiology, their obligate intracellular life ...	1996	21413251
tissue factor mrna expression in the endothelium of an intact umbilical vein.	tissue factor (tf) mrna expression was measured by in situ hybridization in the endothelium of the intact human umbilical vein after infection with rickettsia rickettsii. at 4 hours, r rickettsii organisms were clearly visible within approximately 70% of endothelial cells by immunocytochemical staining. quantitation of tf mrna expression revealed that the level within endothelial cells of the infected vein was significantly greater (3.7-fold, p < .0001) than that detected in uninfected endotheli ...	1996	8547639
predictors of prognosis and risk of acute renal failure in patients with rocky mountain spotted fever.	acute renal failure has long been associated with severe rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf). despite many descriptions of the protean manifestations of this disease, relatively little is known concerning the risk factors for acute renal failure. only a few studies have examined the outcome of patients infected with rickettsia rickettsii who develop renal insufficiency, and these studies had methodological problems.	1996	9003109
[spotted fever in the municipality of pedreira, ps, brazil. serologic survey].	cases of brasilian spotted fever (bsf) have been occurred since 1985, in the rural area of pedreira town, situated 160 km away from the city of são paulo (longitude 46 degrees 54'07", latitude 22 degrees 44'21"). aiming at evaluating the prevalence of brasilian spotted fever in this endemic area, single-serum samples were collected from 473 healthy persons, amongst city-dwellers and the local china industry workers. the obtained samples were tested by indirect immunofluorescence (ifa), in order ...	1996	9026831
primary isolation of spotted fever group rickettsiae from amblyomma cooperi collected from hydrochaeris hydrochaeris in brazil.	this paper reports the first isolation of a spotted fever group rickettsia from an amblyomma cooperi ixodid collected from a capybara (hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) in an endemic area of spotted fever in the county of pedreira, state of são paulo, brazil. isolation was performed in vero cell culture and submitted to immunofluorescence, using antibody from rickettsia rickettsii-positive human serum.	1996	9040845
in vitro susceptibilities of bartonella henselae, b. quintana, b. elizabethae, rickettsia rickettsii, r. conorii, r. akari, and r. prowazekii to macrolide antibiotics as determined by immunofluorescent-antibody analysis of infected vero cell monolayers.	the in vitro susceptibilities of bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae, b. quintana, b. elizabethae, rickettsia akari, r. conorii, r. prowazekii, and r. rickettsii to different concentrations of azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, erythromycin, and roxithromycin in vero cell cultures were evaluated. bartonella and rickettsia spp. were allowed to initiate infection of the antibiotic-free vero cell monolayers, which were maintained in 16-chamber microscope slides in the absence of antibiotics ...	1997	9055996
clinical and clinicopathologic abnormalities in greyhounds with cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy: 18 cases (1992-1994)	to determine clinical signs and clinicopathologic abnormalities in greyhounds with cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy and to determine whether there were any differences between dogs with and without renal azotemia.	1997	9074681
clinical features and serology of 14 dogs affected by granulocytic ehrlichiosis in sweden.	the clinical features and the titres to ehrlichia equi, e canis, e risticii, rickettsia rickettsii and borrelia afzelii in 14 swedish dogs, in which ehrlichiosis was diagnosed on the basis of the presence of inclusions in granulocytes, are reported. most of the dogs were moderately ill but made a rapid recovery after treatment with doxycycline. the dogs with inclusions were thrombocytopenic. analysis of the antibody titres indicates that serology to e equi will remain the most appropriate serolo ...	1997	9076917
citrate synthase gene comparison, a new tool for phylogenetic analysis, and its application for the rickettsiae.	using pcr and an automated laser fluorescent dna sequencer, we amplified and sequenced a 1,234-bp fragment of the citrate synthase-encoding gene (glta) of 28 bacteria belonging to the genus rickettsia. comparative sequence analysis showed that most of the spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae belonged to one of two subgroups. the first subgroup included rickettsia massiliae, strain bar 29, rickettsia rhipicephali, "rickettsia aeschlimanni," and rickettsia montana, which have been isolated only f ...	1997	9103608
rickettsia peacockii sp. nov., a new species infecting wood ticks, dermacentor andersoni, in western montana.	rickettsia peacockii, a new species of spotted fever group rickettsiae, was identified from rocky mountain wood ticks (dermacentor andersoni) collected in the sapphire mountain range on the eastern side of bitterroot valley, montana. dna from r. peacockii skalkahot (t = type strain) in naturally infected tick tissue was amplified by a pcr assay with primer sets derived from eubacterial 16s ribosomal dna (rdna), rickettsial citrate synthase, and 190-kda surface antigen (rompa) genes. partial 16s ...	1997	9103635
detection of colorado tick fever virus by using reverse transcriptase pcr and application of the technique in laboratory diagnosis.	colorado tick fever (ctf) virus elicits an acute illness in humans, producing nonspecific flu-like symptoms and a biphasic fever in approximately 50% of patients. the disease is transmitted by the adult rocky mountain wood tick (dermacentor andersoni), and therefore incidence is limited by the habitat and life cycle of that vector. the early symptoms of infection are difficult to distinguish from those of several other agents, especially rickettsia rickettsii. serologic testing is usually unable ...	1997	9114408
rickettsia rickettsii infection of cultured human endothelial cells induces nf-kappab activation.	rickettsia rickettsii, the etiologic agent of rocky mountain spotted fever, is an obligate intracellular bacterial organism that infects primarily the vascular endothelial cells (ec). a component of the ec response to infection is transcriptional activation, which may contribute to the thrombotic and inflammatory consequences of disease. in this study, we explore r. rickettsii-induced activation of the nuclear factor-kappab/rel (nf-kappab) family of transcription factors involved in early transc ...	1997	9199451
sequence analysis and comparison of 190 k surface antigen gene fragment of a new species of spotted fever group rickettsiae.	a 533 bp long pcr product amplified from rickettsial strain hl-93 dna with the primer pair rr 190.70p and rr 190.602n, designed from dna sequence encoding 190 k protein antigen of r. rickettsii, was cloned into plasmid vector pgem-t and sequenced. the primer-flanking region of the product, an open reading frame, was 491 bp long. the sequence of the product was compared with those of the corresponding regions of dnas of r. rickettsii (strain r), r. japonica (strain vr 1363) and r. conorii (strain ...	1997	9199714
bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of levofloxacin against rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia conorii, 'israeli spotted fever group rickettsia' and coxiella burnetii.	levofloxacin, the l-isomer of ofloxacin, is approximately twice as active as ofloxacin against most gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and has improved intracellular pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. the present work deals with the in-vitro activity of levofloxacin against the obligate intracellular bacteria rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia conorii, 'israeli spotted fever group rickettsia' (israeli sfgr) and coxiella burnetii. fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have pre ...	1997	9222041
pcr amplification and comparison of nucleotide sequences from the groesl heat shock operon of ehrlichia species.	degenerate pcr primers derived from conserved regions of the eubacterial groesl heat shock operon were used to amplify groesl sequences of ehrlichia equi, ehrlichia phagocytophila, the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge), ehrlichia canis, bartonella henselae, and rickettsia rickettsii. the groesl nucleotide sequences were less conserved than the previously determined 16s rrna gene sequences of these bacteria. a phylogenetic tree derived from deduced groel amino acid sequences was simi ...	1997	9230387
thoracic radiographic findings in dogs infected with rickettsia rickettsii.	sixteen beagle dogs were injected intradermally with rickettsia rickettsii. the dogs were divided into four groups (n = 4): 1) infected, non-treated control; 2) infected, treated with doxycycline; 3) infected, treated with doxycycline and an anti-inflammatory dose of corticosteroid; and 4) infected, treated with doxycycline and an immunosuppressive dose of corticosteroid. thoracic radiographs were made and ocular fluorescein angiography was performed on days 6, 10, 17 post-inoculation. a mild in ...	1997	9262680
immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent staining of rickettsia rickettsii in skin biopsies. a comparative study.	to compare immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase staining of rickettsia rickettsii in skin biopsies of patients suspected of having rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf).	1997	9278621
the great imitator: rocky mountain spotted fever occurring after hospitalization for unrelated illnesses.	we describe two patients who had rocky mountain spotted fever after they were admitted to the hospital for emergency and elective surgical procedures. we initially thought one patient had a hospital-acquired infection; the correct diagnosis was deduced from epidemiologic clues elicited by consultants. these two cases were also unusual in that one patient had a recurrent rash after an abbreviated course of low-dose doxycycline therapy and the other patient had transient and self-limiting postinfe ...	1997	9305309
rickettsia rickettsii growth and temperature-inducible protein expression in embryonic tick cell lines.	rickettsia rickettsii has limited adverse effects on its arthropod vector, but causes severe disease in man. to model differences in host-parasite interaction, r. rickettsii growth and protein expression were examined at temperatures reflective of host environment in the tick cell lines dalbe3 and ide2, the human endothelial cell line ecv304, and the african green monkey kidney cell line vero76. at low multiplicities of infection, rickettsial titres increased 10(2)-10(3)-fold in all cell lines a ...	1997	9364140
cutaneous histopathology of rocky mountain spotted fever.	the dermatologic diagnosis of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) is often presumptive; the clinical presentation includes skin rash and febrile illness with or without a clear history of tick bite. the characteristic cutaneous manifestations include a generalized skin eruption with purpuric, blanching or non-blanching macules and papules usually involving the extremities. although skin biopsies are often performed to confirm the diagnosis, the spectrum of cutaneous histopathology in rmsf has no ...	1997	9449487
prednisolone at anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive dosages in conjunction with doxycycline does not potentiate the severity of rickettsia rickettsii infection in dogs.	dogs were experimentally inoculated with rickettsia rickettsii to determine if anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive dosages of prednisolone, when administered in conjunction with an antirickettsial antibiotic (doxycycline), induced therapeutically relevant pathophysiological consequences that ultimately influence disease outcome. although the duration of rickettsemia was prolonged in dogs receiving immunosuppressive, but not anti-inflammatory, corticosteroids, concurrent administration of doxy ...	1997	8980770
erythema migrans-like rash illness at a camp in north carolina: a new tick-borne disease?	borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease, has never been isolated from a patient thought to have acquired lyme disease in any southeastern state.	1997	9531233
[a molecular epidemiologic investigation of north asia fever in scenic spots of beijing suburb].	pcr/rflp technique was used to detect spotted fever group rickettsiae (sfgr) in ticks and small mammals collected in eleven scenic spots of beijing suburb. we not only detected rickettsia sibirica in d. sinicus and hedgehog collected nearby the museum of aviation, but also isolated two strains of sfgr from them, named as bj-95 strain and bjh-95 strain respectively. the two strains were identified as r. sibirica by sds-page, western blot and pcr/rflp. the results demonstrated the existence of hor ...	1997	9812516
oxidation of fatty alcohols to acids in the caecum of a gourami (trichogaster cosby).	oxidation of fatty alcohols to acids in gourami caeca was investigated by measuring the reduction of nad+ and the formation of labeled hexadecanoic acid from [1(-14)c]hexadecanol. virtually all dehydrogenase activity is in the microsomal fraction. maximal activity is obtained with nad+ as cofactor whereas with nadp+ 60% of that activity is obtained. the enzyme is rather specific for long chain alcohols and 2 nadh are formed for each molecule of hexadecanol oxidized to acid. it is stabilized by m ...	1997	229908
free radicals from purine nucleosides after hydroxyl radical attack.		1997	175393
agglutinins of frog eggs: a new class of proteins causing preferential agglutination of tumor cells.		1997	163754
a clinical trial of the oral form of 4'-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin-beta-d ethylidene glucoside (nsc 141540) vp 16-213.	a clinical trial of the oral form of vp 16-213 (nsc-141540), a semisynthetic podophyllotoxin, was undertaken. in 20 patients, treatment was started at 200 mg/day p.o. for 5 days; courses were repeated after a rest period of 16 days. five patients were treated at the same dose, repeated with only 9-day rest periods. subsequently, 65 patients were given 300-400 mg/day for 5 days, with rest periods of 9 days between courses. the side effects encountered included anorexia, nausea and vomiting, stoma ...	1997	163675
nutritional deficiency and susceptibility to infection.	recent epidemiological surveys have demonstrated the association between malnutrition and infectious diseases. parasitic infections, diarrhea, pneumonia, hepatitis and tuberculosis are more frequent and most serious in undernourished people and in infants with low birth weight. data suggest an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases in individuals with protein-energy malnutrition and with iron-deficiency anemia; circulating lymphocytes and intraepithelial lymphocytes are also reduced in ...	1998	108017
characterization of human immunoglobulin (ig) isotype and igg subclass response to bartonella henselae infection.	serologic parameters of cat scratch disease (csd) were evaluated by western blot analysis. sera from patients with serologically confirmed csd antigen were screened for immunoglobulin (ig) isotype-specific as well as igg subclass-specific reactivity against bartonella henselae whole-cell antigen. bartonella-negative control sera were used to determine baseline antibody activity. heterogeneous b. henselae-specific igg reactivity with numerous protein bands, ranging from >150 to <17 kda, was obser ...	1998	9826373
nf-kappa b-dependent inhibition of apoptosis is essential for host cellsurvival during rickettsia rickettsii infection.	the possibility that bacteria may have evolved strategies to overcome host cell apoptosis was explored by using rickettsia rickettsii, an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria that is the etiologic agent of rocky mountain spotted fever. the vascular endothelial cell, the primary target cell during in vivo infection, exhibits no evidence of apoptosis during natural infection and is maintained for a sufficient time to allow replication and cell-to-cell spread prior to eventual death due to ...	1998	9539792
proteasome-independent activation of nuclear factor kappab in cytoplasmic extracts from human endothelial cells by rickettsia rickettsii.	interaction of many infectious agents with eukaryotic host cells is known to cause activation of the ubiquitous transcription factor nuclear factor kappab (nf-kappab) (u. siebenlist, g. franzoso, and k. brown, annu. rev. cell biol. 10:405-455, 1994). recently, we reported a biphasic pattern of nf-kappab activation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells consequent to infection with rickettsia rickettsii, an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium and the etiologic agent of rock ...	1998	9573057
effects of the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid on human umbilical vein endothelial cells infected with rickettsia rickettsii.	rickettsia rickettsii infection of endothelial cells is manifested in very distinctive changes in cell morphology, consisting of extensive dilatation of the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and outer nuclear envelope and blebbing of the plasma membrane, as seen by transmission electron microscopy (d. j. silverman, infect. immun. 44:545-553, 1984). these changes in cellular architecture are thought to be due to oxidant-mediated cell injury, since their occurrence correlates with dramatic al ...	1998	9573120
phylogenetic placement of rickettsiae from the ticks amblyomma americanum and ixodes scapularis.	a rickettsial isolate (isolate moaa) belonging to the spotted fever group (sfg) was obtained from the lone star tick amblyomma americanum. we used pcr to characterize the genes for the rickettsial outer membrane proteins rompa and rompb. we sequenced the pcr products (domains i of both the rompa gene and the rompb gene) of moaa and wb-8-2, another rickettsial isolate from a. americanum. to place moaa and wb-8-2 and two other nonpathogenic isolates (rickettsia rickettsii hip2 and rickettsia monta ...	1998	9574696
rompa is a critical protein for the adhesion of rickettsia rickettsii to host cells.	rompa and rompb are immunodominant, surface-exposed proteins of rickettsia rickettsii. prior evidence suggests that adhesion of r. rickettsii to the host cell is mediated by a rickettsial protein. five monoclonal antibodies to rompa, five to rompb, and one to the rickettsial lipopolysaccharide (lps) were tested for inhibition of rickettsial attachment. all the monoclonal antibodies to rompa inhibited adhesion of rickettsiae to the l-929 cells with some inhibition rates as high as 90%. in contras ...	1998	9600861
immunodiagnosis of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis by using culture-derived human isolates.	human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) is an emerging infection caused by an ehrlichia species closely related to ehrlichia equi and ehrlichia phagocytophila. recent advances in the isolation and cultivation of this organism have allowed us to develop an immunofluorescence assay (ifa), enzyme immunoassay (eia), and western immunoblotting (wb) using hl-60 cell culture-derived human isolates. antibody was detected in sera from culture-confirmed hge patients by ifa and eia, and these samples were re ...	1998	9620365
dual infection with ehrlichia chaffeensis and a spotted fever group rickettsia: a case report.	well-documented cases of simultaneous human infection with more than one tick-borne pathogen are rare. to our knowledge only two dual infections have been reported: simultaneous human infection with the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis and borrelia burgdorferi and simultaneous human infection with b. burgdorferi and babesia microti (1-2). rocky mountain spotted fever has long been known to be endemic in north carolina; cases of human ehrlichial infection were recognized there soon after ...	1998	9621205
rickettsia rickettsii infection of the ea.hy 926 endothelial cell line: morphological response to infection and evidence for oxidative injury.	ea.hy 926 is a permanent human cell line that expresses highly differentiated functions characteristic of human vascular endothelium. rickettsia rickettsii can efficiently infect and cause a cytopathic effect in ea.hy 926 cells. r. rickettsii produced visible lytic plaques in ea.hy 926 cells at 10 d post-infection (p.i.) following application of a secondary agarose overlay containing 2 micrograms emetine ml-1 and 40 micrograms naf ml-1 on day 2. rickettsial growth in ea.hy 926 cells had a simila ...	1998	9720025
phylogenetic analysis of spotted fever group rickettsiae by study of the outer surface protein rompa.	rickettsiae are classified in the order rickettsiales and have been included in the alpha subclass of the class proteobacteria on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence comparison. to estimate the evolutionary forces that have shaped the members of the spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae, the ompa gene (apart from the tandem repeat units), encoding an antigenic high-molecular-mass membrane protein specific for the group, was amplified and sequenced from 21 isolates. the phylogenetic relationship ...	1998	9734038
[treatment of hypertension with a combination of beta receptor blockers and diuretics (trasitensin retard)].		1998	105287
[a coronary care unit implements primary nursing].		1998	105178
[reactions in the brainactivity during increased carbondioxyde concentration (author's transl)].	a comparative study of two kinds of respiration (normal air and mixed with 4% co2) was carried out in 8 healthy students. during the three experiments, each one lasting over 120 min, co2 or air was inhaled using a mask. blood samples were taken from the fingers, an average increase of pco2 of 1.9 mm (p less than 0.01) and po2 of 7.3 mm (p less than 0.01) was found during co2-inhalation. the ecg and eeg were recorded and reaction times to tone stimuli in a foreperiod reaction time experiment were ...	1998	104863
[treatment with oral hypoglycemia agents in diabetes mellitus. controlled clinical study of 2 combinations of glibenclamide and phenformin. ii].		1998	104819
bilateral bundle branch block producing high-grade a-v block.		1998	108060
[conduction disorders after aortic valve replacement. apropos of 200 cases].	the following points become apparent after the study of 200 cases of aortic valve replacement:--conduction defects are very common after this type of surgery, affecting one in three patients in this series;--above all, the frequency of conduction defects of the left bundle branch (2/3 cases) must be underlined. they are much more common than complete atrioventricular block, bifascicular block or isolated right bundle branch block;--diagnosed immediately after operation in almost all cases, regre ...	1998	107882
health-care marketing: not for large institutions only.		1998	108194
[ulcerative colitis or regional colitis].		1998	108580
survey indicates adults flout advice in matters of health.		1998	105641
genes coding for valine transfer ribonucleic acid-3b in drosophila melanogaster.		1998	108402
[comparison of 24 hours ambulatory electrocardiography and endocavitary recording in the diagnosis of heart rate disorders].	ninety symptomatic patients aged between 16 and 90 years were investigated by ambulatory continuous 24 hour electrocardiography. 75 of these patients underwent endocavitary exploration of atrioventricular conduction and sinus node function within 48 hour of ambulatory electrocardiography. symptoms occurred during the recording in 30% patients, enabling the mechanism of the malaise to be determined. every time that abnormalities in the zone surrounding the tawara node were demonstrated by endocav ...	1998	106788
clinical evaluation of warthin's tumor. an analysis of 43 cases.	forty-three patients with warthin's tumor (26 males and 17 females) were analyzed and the following results were obtained: all tumors were related to the parotid gland with no bilateral involvements. the ages of the patients were 20-84 years old and the average age was about 62. the interval between tumor recognition and first examination was 1 week to 16 years with the average interval of 20-22 months. the method of treatment was complete enucleation. however, radiation therapy was also done in ...	1998	107138
transcriptional regulation of endothelial cell tissue factor expression during rickettsia rickettsii infection: involvement of the transcription factor nf-kappab.	the vascular endothelial cell (ec) is a primary target of infection with rickettsia rickettsii, the etiologic agent of rocky mountain spotted fever. changes in gene transcription elicited by intracellular infection, including ec expression of the coagulation pathway initiator known as tissue factor (tf), may contribute to the vascular pathology observed during disease. nuclear run-on analysis of uninfected and infected, cultured human endothelial cells revealed that the rate of tf mrna transcrip ...	1998	9488397
superoxide dismutase-dependent, catalase-sensitive peroxides in human endothelial cells infected by rickettsia rickettsii.	the generation and intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species have been shown to be associated with the infection of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec) by rickettsia rickettsii. in response to the oxidant superoxide, the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (sod) increases following infection by this obligate intracellular bacterium. other oxidants which are capable of oxidizing the fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin (dcfh) also accumulate intracellularly wi ...	1998	9529045
x-ray absorption spectroscopy of biological molecules.		1999	96725
interphase studies with a simplified method of silver staining of nucleoli.	a simple silver staining method is presented providing a rapid and reliable technique for the selective staining of nuclear structures synthesizing ribosomal rna (18s and 28s rna).	1999	84766
[radiotoxic effects of tritium from tritiated water. study of lethal and mutagenic effects. inactivation of lysogenic bacteriophages by tritium decay (proceedings)].		1999	93453
[immunocytology of alpha-endorphin positive hypothalamic fibers of carassius auratus l. and cyprinus carpio l].	an immunocytological study of the basal hypothalamus of carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio with an alpha-endorphin antiserum shows the different nerve processes belonging probably to the immunoreactive cells of the lateral part of the n.l.t. according to their pathways, two main fibre tracts have been distinguished: many fluorescent fibres converge towards the pituitary gland into which they enter, other fibres run caudally through the tuber towards the nucleus tuberis inferior (baumgarten an ...	1999	97002
intensive care and the very low birthweight infant.		1999	89424
[relationship between the method of obtaining material and cytologic diagnosis of soft tissue tumors].		1999	85739
[etiology of tooth mobility and methods of decreasing pathological tooth mobility].		1999	96397
fatal leishmaniasis in renal-transport patient.		1999	88649
[irradiation combined with bleomycin. 5-year results with 27 o.r.l. epitheliomas (proceedings)].		1999	85709
trh test in routine diagnosis and postoperative control of patients with primary thyroid diseases.		1999	96643
serum alkaline phosphatase activity in acrodermatitis enteropathica: an index of the serum zinc level.	a significant positive correlation between serum zinc and serum alkaline phosphatase levels was demonstrated in four patients suffering from acrodermatitis enterophathica for which they received oral zinc sulphate therapy. in one of the male patients a significant inverse relation between serum zinc and serum copper was found.	1999	84482
porphyria cutanea tarda associated with lymphoma.	three patients with porphyria cutanea tarda and lymphoma were seen at the mayo clinic. in one patient, the signs and symptoms of porphyria cutanea tarda and lymphoma occurred simultaneously, whereas in the other two, the porphyria was seen before the lymphoma occurred, three years before in one and one and a half years before in the other. involvement of liver or marrow was not related to the development of porphyria cutanea tarda in any of the 3 patients. the porphyria cutanea tarda was not eas ...	1999	84468
purification and properties of biliary glycoprotein i (bgp i). immunochemical relationship to carcinoembryonic antigen.		1999	91094
lethal effect of rickettsia rickettsii on its tick vector (dermacentor andersoni).	rickettsia rickettsii, the causative agent of rocky mountain spotted fever, was lethal for the majority of experimentally and transovarially infected rocky mountain wood ticks (dermacentor andersoni). overall, 94.1% of nymphs infected as larvae by feeding on rickettsemic guinea pigs died during the molt into adults and 88. 3% of adult female ticks infected as nymphs died prior to feeding. in contrast, only 2.8% of uninfected larvae failed to develop into adults over two generations. infected fem ...	1999	9925615
platelet-associated immunoglobulin (antiplatelet antibody) in canine rocky mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis.	antiplatelet antibodies were detected in the sera of dogs with naturally occurring and experimentally induced rickettsia rickettsii and ehrlichia canis infections. this is the first known report documenting elevated platelet-associated immunoglobulin (paig) titers in rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) infections. in the naturally occurring rmsf infections and ehrlichiosis, the antibodies persisted for weeks or months, even when the platelet counts had normalized. results of this study indicate ...	1999	9934930
serologic testing for human granulocytic ehrlichiosis at a national referral center.	an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) was used to identify patients with antibodies reactive to the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) agent. serum samples collected from clinically ill individuals were submitted to the centers for disease control and prevention by physicians via state health departments from throughout the united states and tested against a panel of ehrlichial and rickettsial pathogens. antibodies reactive to the hge agent were detected in 142 (8.9%) of 1,602 individual ...	1999	9986812
efficacy of doxycycline, azithromycin, or trovafloxacin for treatment of experimental rocky mountain spotted fever in dogs.	dogs were experimentally inoculated with rickettsia rickettsii (canine origin) in order to compare the efficacies of azithromycin and trovafloxacin to that of the current antibiotic standard, doxycycline, for the treatment of rocky mountain spotted fever. clinicopathologic parameters, isolation of rickettsiae in tissue culture, and pcr amplification of rickettsial dna were used to evaluate the response to therapy or duration of illness (untreated infection control group) in the four groups. conc ...	1999	10103185
[rocky mountain spotted fever].		1999	10201191
hidden mortality attributable to rocky mountain spotted fever: immunohistochemical detection of fatal, serologically unconfirmed disease.	rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) is the most severe tickborne infection in the united states and is a nationally notifiable disease. since 1981, the annual case-fatality ratio for rmsf has been determined from laboratory-confirmed cases reported to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc). herein, a description is given of patients with fatal, serologically unconfirmed rmsf for whom a diagnosis of rmsf was established by immunohistochemical (ihc) staining of tissues obtained at au ...	1999	10228069
serologic evidence of rickettsialpox (rickettsia akari) infection among intravenous drug users in inner-city baltimore, maryland.	we tested single serum samples from 631 intravenous (i.v.) drug users from inner-city baltimore, maryland for serologic evidence of exposure to spotted fever group rickettsiae. a total of 102 (16%) individuals had titers > or = 64 to rickettsia rickettsii by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. confirmation that infection was caused by r. akari was obtained by cross-adsorption studies on a subset of serum samples that consistently resulted in higher titers to r. akari than to r. rickettsii. cur ...	1999	10403316
coinfection with multiple tick-borne pathogens in a walker hound kennel in north carolina.	both dogs and humans can be coinfected with various ehrlichia, bartonella, rickettsia, and babesia species. we investigated a kennel of sick walker hounds and their owners in southeastern north carolina for evidence of tick-borne infections and associated risk factors. a high degree of coinfection was documented in the dog population. of the 27 dogs, 26 were seroreactive to an ehrlichia sp., 16 to babesia canis, and 25 to bartonella vinsonii, and 22 seroconverted to rickettsia rickettsii antigen ...	1999	10405413
molecular phylogeny and rearrangement of rrna genes in rickettsia species.	it has previously been observed that rickettsia prowazekii has an unusual arrangement of the rrna genes. in this species, the three rrna genes, 16s (rrs), 23s (rrl), and 5s (rrf), are not linked in the typical arrangements for bacteria. rather, the 16s rrna gene has been separated from the 23s and 5s rrna gene cluster, and the 23s rrna gene is preceded by a gene which codes for methionyl-trnaf(met) formyltransferase (fmt). in this study, we screened the genus rickettsia for the fmt-rrl motif in ...	1999	10406115
dynamics of actin-based movement by rickettsia rickettsii in vero cells.	actin-based motility (abm) is a virulence mechanism exploited by invasive bacterial pathogens in the genera listeria, shigella, and rickettsia. due to experimental constraints imposed by the lack of genetic tools and their obligate intracellular nature, little is known about rickettsial abm relative to listeria and shigella abm systems. in this study, we directly compared the dynamics and behavior of abm of rickettsia rickettsii and listeria monocytogenes. a time-lapse video of moving intracellu ...	1999	10417192
acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after rocky mountain spotted fever.	although acute disseminated encephalomyelitis has been observed after a variety of viral infections and an occasional bacterial infection, it has not been reported in association with rickettsial infections. reported is a 7-year-old male with magnetic resonance images and clinical manifestations suggestive of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after a tick bite and serologically proven rocky mountain spotted fever.	1999	10428440
characterization of monoclonal antibodies to an immunodominant protein of the etiologic agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis.	immunodominant proteins in the range of 42-45 kd are important for the serodiagnosis of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge). antigens from human isolates of the etiologic agent of hge cultivated in hl-60 cells were used to immunize balb/c mice and generate a panel of hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies. using an enzyme immunoassay, an immunofluorescent assay (ifa), and western blotting, we showed that culture supernatants and ascites of these hybridomas were reactive with human isolates ...	1999	10432075
evidence of rickettsial spotted fever and ehrlichial infections in a subtropical territory of jujuy, argentina.	between november 1993 and march 1994, a cluster 6 pediatric patients with acute febrile illnesses associated with rashes was identified in jujuy province, argentina. immunohistochemical staining of tissues confirmed spotted fever group rickettsial infection in a patient with fatal disease, and testing of serum of a patient convalescing from the illness by using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) demonstrated antibodies reactive with spotted fever group rickettsiae. a serosurvey was condu ...	1999	10463693