Publications

serological cross-reactions between bartonella and chlamydia species: implications for diagnosis.	diagnosis of chlamydia or bartonella infections continues to rely mainly on serology. however, serological cross-reactions between members of these genera have recently been described. sera from eight patients originally diagnosed as having chlamydia pneumoniae endocarditis reacted with both chlamydia sp. and bartonella quintana antigens (microimmunofluorescence technique). adsorption of sera with b. quintana or c. pneumoniae antigens removed anti-c. pneumoniae antibodies, whereas adsorption wit ...	1997	9276403
central nervous system infection associated with bartonella quintana: a report of two cases.		1997	9282717
case records of the massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological exercises. case 2-1997. a 38-year-old man with digital clubbing, low-grade fever, and a murmur.		1997	8988901
bacillary angiomatosis: presentation of six patients, some with unusual features.	bacillary angiomatosis (ba) is an unusual systemic vascular proliferation seen predominantly in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. these vascular lesions are probably due to infection with a bartonella species, most often b. henselae and, in some patients, b. quintana. ba is treatable and often curable, but without therapy, may be life-threatening. clinically, the lesions, when superficial, are said to often resemble pyogenic granulomas, appearing polypoid histologically with ...	1997	9039296
isolation of bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae: effects of methods of blood collection and handling.	bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae causes cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, and fever in humans. b. henselae can be difficult to culture axenically, and as many as 5 weeks may be required before colonies are visible. we compared how different methods of blood collection and handling affect isolation of this pathogen. blood specimens from b. henselae-infected cats were collected in both edta and isolator blood-lysis tubes and were subsequently plated onto rabbit blood- ...	1997	9041385
detection and identification of two bartonella henselae variants in domestic cats in germany.	to determine the prevalence of bacteremia caused by bartonella henselae in domestic cats in the region of freiburg, germany, we investigated culture of blood from 100 cats from 89 different households over a 12-month period. b. henselae could be isolated from 13% (13 of 100) of these cats. in eight households with two cats each and in one household with three cats, b. henselae bacteremia was found either in all of the animals or in none of the animals. positive cultures were more likely to be fo ...	1997	9041393
the expanding spectrum of bartonella infections: ii. cat-scratch disease.	recent advancements and developments in molecular biotechnology have allowed more precise reclassification of many microorganisms. with the use of these new taxonomy tools, several organisms previously thought to belong to other genera have been recently described as bartonellae. of the 11 organisms now described as bartonella spp., only four have been shown to be pathogenic for humans. table 1 lists the four bartonella human pathogens along with the their known epidemiology and the scope and ra ...	1997	9041596
in vitro susceptibilities of bartonella henselae, b. quintana, b. elizabethae, rickettsia rickettsii, r. conorii, r. akari, and r. prowazekii to macrolide antibiotics as determined by immunofluorescent-antibody analysis of infected vero cell monolayers.	the in vitro susceptibilities of bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae, b. quintana, b. elizabethae, rickettsia akari, r. conorii, r. prowazekii, and r. rickettsii to different concentrations of azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, erythromycin, and roxithromycin in vero cell cultures were evaluated. bartonella and rickettsia spp. were allowed to initiate infection of the antibiotic-free vero cell monolayers, which were maintained in 16-chamber microscope slides in the absence of antibiotics ...	1997	9055996
survey of veterinary professionals and other veterinary conference attendees for antibodies to bartonella henselae and b quintana.	to determine serologic and epidemiologic characteristics of an occupational group potentially at risk for bartonella sp infection.	1997	9057914
acute multifocal retinitis.	to describe the clinical presentation, ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein angiographic findings, and natural history of 14 eyes in nine otherwise healthy, young-to-middle-age adults with idiopathic, acute, multifocal retinitis.	1997	9063244
hepatosplenic cat-scratch disease and abdominal pain.	there have been several recent reports that cat-scratch disease (csd) causes a multiplicity of atypical clinical syndromes. we recently diagnosed hepatosplenic csd in a child who was seen with fever and abdominal pain. we report this case and 10 other patients with hepatosplenic csd and highlight the importance of abdominal pain in this clinical entity.	1997	9076813
[cat-scratch disease. a report of 4 cases and a review of the literature].	four cases of cat-scratch diseases are here reported and a review of the literature is made. the disease, apart from its typical presentation form as a usually self-limited regional lymph node enlargement, can occasionally spread and involve several organs systems. indirect immunofluorescence serological tests have been of help for its diagnosis and should be included among the diagnostic criteria for the disease. in particular cases, nuclear magnetic resonance can be useful to suggests the diag ...	1997	9102668
cat-scratch disease and related clinical syndromes.	bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae is a common cause of cat-scratch disease. this newly identified bacterium is also the cause of several other clinical syndromes, including bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis hepatitis and splenitis, and acute and relapsing bacteremia. a high percentage of young cats carry b. henselae. fortunately, serious complications of b. henselae infections are rare in immunocompetent patients. cat-scratch disease is usually a self-limited illness that does not neces ...	1997	9105205
bartonella spp. as emerging human pathogens.	members of the genus bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) were virtually unknown to modern-day clinicians and microbiologists until they were associated with opportunistic infections in aids patients about 6 years ago. since that time, bartonella species have been associated with cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, and a variety of other disease syndromes. clinical presentation of infection with bartonella ranges from a relatively mild lymphadenopathy with few other symptoms, seen in cat s ...	1997	9105751
pathogenetic role of phagocytic abnormalities in human virus immunodeficiency infection: possible therapeutical approaches. a review.	polymorphonuclear cells (pmn) and monocytes/macrophages (m/m) represent the first defence line against invading microorganisms. both phagocytic cell functions are precociously compromised in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected subjects, thus leading to infectious and neurological complications in the late stages of disease. among intracellular pathogens, emerging bacteria such as bartonella henselae and rhodococcus equi can cause peculiar clinical pictures, i.e. the bacillary parenchimal ...	1997	9130002
bacillary angiomatosis associated with myositis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus.	a man with aids presented with a deep soft-tissue mass involving the right thigh. biopsy of a skin lesion on the back and culture of a specimen from this lesion showed bacillary angiomatosis due to bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) quintana. magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large heterogeneous mass involving the vastus medialis and intermedius muscles. therapy with erythromycin caused rapid resolution of both the cutaneous lesion and the muscle lesion. bartonella infection is proposed as an ...	1997	9145727
redefining aids: towards a modification of the current aids case definition.	aids is defined by the occurrence of an opportunistic infection or tumor considered indicative of advanced infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). even though recent modifications have improved the widely used aids case definition issued by the world health organization and the centers for disease control and prevention, the modified version has fallen short of generating a globally functional instrument for the surveillance of hiv-related infections. the clinical aids case definition ...	1997	8994765
maintenance of broad-host-range incompatibility group p and group q plasmids and transposition of tn5 in bartonella henselae following conjugal plasmid transfer from escherichia coli.	the first demonstration of conjugal plasmid transfer from escherichia coli to bartonella henselae is reported. transconjugants bearing plasmids of incompatibility groups p (incp) and q (incq), expressing various resistance markers, were generated. tn5 transposons delivered on suicide plasmids by conjugation showed transpositional insertion into random chromosomal sites.	1997	8990308
detection of bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana by a simple and rapid procedure using broad-range pcr amplification and direct single-strand sequencing of part of the 16s rrna gene.	objective: to detect directly bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana using culture-independent, molecular techniques, and to evaluate a simple and rapid procedure that allows uncultivable bacteria to be detected in usually sterile clinical specimens in a diagnostic laboratory. methods: from four clinical specimens proven to contain b. henselae (n=3) or b. quintana (n=1) dna, part of the 16s rrna gene was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and broad-range bacterial primers f ...	1997	11864111
human infection with bartonella species.		1997	11864213
endocarditis in a dutch patient caused by bartonella quintana.		1997	11864215
in search of a bacterial species definition.	the bacterial species concept was examined within the framework of plant and animal associated alpha-2 proteobacteria, taking into consideration the phylogenetic, taxonomic and biological approaches as well as the microbiologists' perception. the virtue of the phylogenetic approach is that it gives an evolutionary perspective of the bacterial lineage; however the methods used possess low resolution for defining species located at the terminal branches of the phylogenetic trees. the merit of the ...	1997	9458988
immunopurified extracellular bartonella henselae antigen for detecting specific antibodies by enzyme immunoassay.	protein antigens of bartonella henselae bacterial sonicate supernatant and concentrated cell-free culture filtrate were examined by sds-page. the sonicate supernatant gave 38 bands and the culture filtrate at least 21, of which 18 were of bacterial origin. immunoblotting against 13 monoclonal antibodies obtained from mice infected with live b. henselae showed that 10 of these antibodies reacted with a narrow 225 kda band and varying smears of bands ranging from 36 to 240 kda in the sonicate, but ...	1997	9463512
an outbreak of bartonellosis in zamora chinchipe province in ecuador.	we report an outbreak of human bartonellosis in zamora chinchipe province in ecuador, which occurred in 1995-1996. nineteen cases were seen, of which 18 presented with classical oroya fever (fever and profound anaemia) and one with verruga peruana; 11 of the cases (58%) had positive blood films containing bartonella bacilliformis. the houses of cases and neighbouring controls were visited; blood samples for thin films and cultures were collected from members of each house and a questionnaire was ...	1997	9463663
[emerging pathologies].		1997	9513170
diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.		1997	9428019
[bartonella infections. former infectious diseases return].		1997	9432482
neuroretinitis and encephalopathy due to bartonella henselae infection.		1997	9448896
paronychia caused by bartonella henselae.		1997	10213558
radiological case of the month. granulomatous hepatitis in cat-scratch disease.		1998	9452714
bartonella henselae as a cause of prolonged fever and fever of unknown origin in children.	a prospective evaluation of 146 children with fever of unknown origin (fuo) and prolonged fever was performed from 1990 to 1996. fuo was defined as a documented daily temperature of > or = 38 degrees c for at least 14 days without diagnostic signs or symptoms. prolonged fever was defined as fever for at least 14 days and no diagnosis at the time of referral for evaluation. an established diagnosis was made for 84 (57.5%) of 146 patients. the most common infectious disease diagnoses were epstein- ...	1998	9455513
intracellular pathogens and the actin cytoskeleton.	many pathogens actively exploit the actin cytoskeleton during infection. this exploitation may take place during entry into mammalian cells after engagement of a receptor and/or as series of signaling events culminating in the engulfment of the microorganism. although actin rearrangements are a common feature of most internalization events (e.g. entry of listeria, salmonella, shigella, yersinia, neisseria, and bartonella), bacterial and other cellular factors involved in entry are specific to ea ...	1998	9891781
[bartonellosis: i. bartonella henselae].	the recent discovery of the bacterium bartonella henselae was mainly due to the development of molecular biology techniques adapted to microbial diagnosis and to the description of new human diseases linked to aids. about 10% of pet cats and 33% of stray cats harbour that bacterium in their blood. in immunocompetent patients, that bacterium is responsible for human cat scratch disease, characterized essentially by a localized lymph nodes enlargement in the vicinity of the entry site of the bacte ...	1998	9853027
bartonella henselae infection from a dog.		1998	9853451
[other infections (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella spp., campylobacter spp., nocardia asteroides, rhodococcus equi and bartonella spp.)].	people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are at increased risk for bacterial infections due to hiv-associated immunologic defects. bacterial infections were found to be, both a predictor of progression to aids and a substantial cause of mortality in pre-aids stages. most bacterial infections are caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, salmonella spp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa. rhodococcus equi, nocardia spp., campylobacter spp. and bartonella spp. are less com ...	1998	9859621
optic disk edema with a macular star.	a 13-year-old boy presented with acute loss of vision in his right eye of 2 weeks' duration. he had a high fever and was ill for several days, then improved but suffered recurrent episodes of sweating and a high fever. ophthalmoscopy of the right eye showed optic disk edema, mild vitreous cells, and minimal exudates in the macula. bartonella henselae titers were positive. a diagnosis of optic disk edema with a macular star secondary to cat-scratch disease was made. the patient was treated with d ...	1998	9862313
bartonella infections: diverse and elusive.	children with young cats, hiv-infected patients with low cd4 counts, and lice-infested homeless people are among those with an increased risk. clinical presentation varies with the infecting bartonella species and the host. treatment for cat-scratch disease is supportive; macrolide therapy is an appropriate choice for other bartonella infections.	1998	9866646
bartonella henselae-based indirect fluorescence assays are useful for diagnosis of cat scratch disease.		1998	9867494
absence of bartonella-like inclusions in microangiopathy after transplantation.		1998	9519982
[let's talk about microbes].		1998	9534143
sequential evaluation of dogs naturally infected with ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia equi, ehrlichia ewingii, or bartonella vinsonii.	historically, disease manifestations in dogs seroreactive to ehrlichia canis antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing have been attributed to infection with either e. canis or ehrlichia ewingii. a 1996 study by dawson and colleagues provided pcr evidence that healthy dogs from southeastern virginia could be naturally infected with ehrlichia chaffeensis. this observation stimulated us to determine which ehrlichia spp. infected sick dogs that were referred to our hospital from the s ...	1998	9705408
peloisis hepatis due to bartonella henselae in transplantation: a hemato-hepato-renal syndrome.	bacillary peliosis hepatis is an uncommon but well recognized disease due to disseminated bartonella infections occurring predominantly in immunocompromised individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus, type 1. a similar condition in the absence of bartonella infection when described in organ transplant patients was felt to be secondary to azathioprine and/or cyclosporine.	1998	9565109
igm to bartonella henselae in cat-scratch disease and during acute epstein-barr virus infection.	the diagnostic value of igm to bartonella henselae was evaluated in 20 children with cat-scratch disease (csd) and controls consisting of 20 blood donors and 20 children with enlarged lymph nodes without csd by two indirect immunofluorescence assays (ifa). one was based on b. henselae cocultivated with vero cells (host cell-associated ifa), and the other on b. henselae grown on agar (host cell-free ifa). with the host cell-associated ifa, 18 of 20 children with csd revealed igm, whereas only 14 ...	1998	9574898
isolation of bartonella spp. from embryos and neonates of naturally infected rodents.	embryos and neonatal offspring of wild-captured cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) and white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were tested for the presence of bartonella spp. isolates of bartonella spp. were obtained from 18 of 31 embryos and 7 of 19 neonates from bacteremic dams of the two species; no isolates were obtained from material from non-bacteremic dams. sequence analysis demonstrated that the isolates from embryos and neonates matched the phylogenetic group of bartonella spp. isolates ob ...	1998	9577777
fibrous long-spacing collagen in bacillary angiomatosis.	fibrous long-spacing (fls) collagen is a distinct ultrastructural form of collagen present in normal tissue, various tumors, and tissues degraded by bacterial collagenases in vivo and in vitro. an association between fls collagen and bacillary angiomatosis has not been previously described. six cases of bacillary angiomatosis, including one autopsy case with disseminated disease, were examined ultrastructurally. in addition, kaposi sarcoma (3), pyogenic granuloma (3), capillary hemangioma (3), a ...	1998	9615381
[aids splenomegaly and related iron problems].	spleens collected from 85 consecutive autopsies of aids patients (mean age 37 years) were studied. splenomegaly, observed in 59 cases (69.4%), does not statistically correlate with life style and blood transfusions. eleven very large spleens (over 890 g) were associated with opportunistic infections (i.e.: mycobacteria, true fungi and rochalimaea). the histological pattern was characterized by marked lymphoid depletion of the white pulp and--in 67 cases (89.4%)--packing of the pulp cords by macr ...	1998	9619056
culture-negative endocarditis caused by bartonella henselae.	a 4-year-old girl presented with clinical evidence of infective endocarditis involving her aortic valve, but blood cultures were sterile. serologic studies and analysis of resected valve by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction established the diagnosis of bartonella henselae endocarditis. clinicians should be aware that b. henselae can cause apparent culture-negative endocarditis in children.	1998	9627605
retinal and choroidal manifestations of cat-scratch disease.	the ability to diagnose cat-scratch disease (csd) has been facilitated greatly by the recent isolation and characterization of bartonella henselae (formerly genus rochalimaea) and afipia felis and by the subsequent development of specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) serologic tests. this study will help define the patterns of posterior segment ocular involvement in patients with confirmed csd.	1998	9627652
bartonella henselae invasion of feline erythrocytes in vitro.	bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat scratch disease, establishes long-term bacteremia in cats, in which it attaches to and invades feline erythrocytes (rbc). feline rbc invasion was assessed in vitro, based on gentamicin selection for intracellular bacteria or by laser confocal microscopy and digital sectioning. invasion rates ranged from 2 to 20% of the inoculum, corresponding to infection of less than 1% of the rbc. invasion was a slow process, requiring >8 h before significant num ...	1998	9632625
cat-scratch disease simulating histiocytosis x.	cat-scratch disease is a self-limited condition commonly causing a benign chronic lymphadenopathy in children. osteolytic lesions are a rare complication, but have been previously reported. we report a case of a solitary osteolytic lesion of the skull whose clinical, radiographic and pathological features were initially interpreted as being consistent with histiocytosis x. subsequently, positive serological titers for bartonella, a history of a cat-scratch antecedent to the onset of clinical sym ...	1998	9635688
cosegregation of a novel bartonella species with borrelia burgdorferi and babesia microti in peromyscus leucopus.	during surveillance for various tickborne pathogens in the upper midwest during the summer and early fall of 1995, a bartonella-like agent was detected in the blood of mice that were concurrently infected with borrelia burgdorferi or babesia microti (or both). the organism was isolated in pure culture after inoculation of blood from wild-caught mice into c.b-17 scid/scid mice. phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna and the citrate synthase genes showed that the novel bartonella species and a bart ...	1998	9466529
bartonella henselae antibody prevalence in free-ranging and captive wild felids from california.	in order to determine the importance of wild felids in the epidemiology of bartonella spp. infection, 136 nobuto strips or serum samples from free-ranging mountain lions (felis concolor) and bobcats (felis rufus) captured in california (usa) between 1985 and 1996 were tested for b. henselae antibodies (titer > or = 1:64) using an immunofluorescence test. similarly, 124 serum samples from 114 captive wild cats representing 26 species or subspecies collected between 1991 and 1995 were retrieved fr ...	1998	9476226
[infective endocarditis caused by unusual microorganisms].	all series of infective endocarditis had a variable proportion of cases without an etiologic agent because all cultures were negative. new microbiologic techniques have permitted the discovery of the role of many microorganisms in infective endocarditis. c. burnetii is an increasing causative agent of subacute infective endocarditis. in the diagnosis, to the detection of antiphase-i antibodies, immunohistochemical, molecular techniques and cellular cultures have been added. total cure is difficu ...	1998	9658953
seroprevalence of bartonella henselae in cattery cats: association with cattery hygiene and flea infestation.	we attempted to determine what factors were common to catteries with high bartonella henselae antibody prevalence compared with catteries with low prevalence, in order to contribute to better guidelines for the choice of a safe pet cat. the overall seroprevalence in 11 catteries from diverse geographical locations in north america in the present study was 35.8%. there was evidence of b. henselae exposure in all 11 homes tested, with 5 catteries being heavily infected. the distribution of b. hens ...	1998	9477525
bartonella-like organisms.		1998	9492812
bartonella-associated infections.	bartonella-associated infections occur in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. the spectrum of diseases caused by bartonella species has expanded and now includes cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis, bacteremia, endocarditis, and trench fever. most bartonella-associated infections that occur in north america and europe are caused by b. henselae or b. quintana. the domestic cat serves as the major reservoir for b. henselae; the reservoir for the modern day b ...	1998	9494835
clinical and microbiological features of refractory periodontitis subjects.	the purpose of this investigation was to compare the clinical parameters and the site prevalence and levels of 40 subgingival species in successfully treated and refractory periodontitis subjects. 94 subjects received scaling and root planing and if needed, periodontal surgery and systemically administered tetracycline. 28 refractory subjects showed mean full mouth attachment loss and/or > 3 sites showing attachment loss > 2.5 mm within 1 year post-therapy. 66 successfully treated subjects showe ...	1998	9495617
[cat-scratch disease. presentation of 2 cases in a family with serologic follow-up and discussion of diagnostic methods].	two cases are reported of cat scratch disease which we consider worth describing both because of their familial presentation (the involved patients were brothers) and the serologic follow-up performed after diagnosis, which showed significant increases in igg antibody titers to bartonella henselae in both patients, one on day 35 and the other on day 45 after diagnosis. cat scratch disease is a rarely diagnosed condition in our environment and it is easily misdiagnosed with other regional lymphad ...	1998	9691742
bartonella henselae neuroretinitis in cat scratch disease. diagnosis, management, and sequelae.	this study aimed to report the long-term outcomes of patients treated with an antibiotic drug combination for bartonella henselae neuroretinitis.	1998	9499776
[cat-scratch disease].	cat-scratch disease is a subacute, regional lymphadenitis syndrome that occurs mainly in children. the causative agent is bartonella henselae. after an incubation period ranging usually between 1 and 2 weeks, red papules develop at the site of cutaneous inoculation and persist until the development of lymphadenopathy with some malaise. cases with complications have been observed including parinaud oculoglandular syndrome, encephalopathy, a variety of exanthems and granumatous hepatitis. diagnosi ...	1998	9887661
blood parasites of shrews from pennsylvania.	we examined 30 sorex cinereus, 5 sorex fumeus, and 21 blarina brevicauda collected from pennsylvania in 1995 for blood parasites. trypomastigotes of trypanosoma sp. were visible in 13% of the s. cinereus. ten percent of s. cinereus, 20% of s. fumeus, and 14% of b. brevicauda were infected with bartonella sp. (or spp.). in s. cinereus, we detected no concurrent trypanosoma and bartonella infections.	1998	9920338
[cutaneous vasculitis disclosing cat-scratch disease].	we describe a case of cat-scratch disease ingnaugurated by vascular purpura and discuss the role of the causal agent, bartonella henselae.	1998	9922863
[seroepidemiology of bartonella henselae infection in a risk group].	bartonella henselae infections are closely related to a number of clinical conditions of growing interest in our environment. as cats are the reservoir, and their bites and scratches are the main transmission mechanism, we attempted to study the seroepidemiology of the infection caused by this microorganism in a risk group of patients (cat owners) and a control group (blood donors).	1998	9930000
baccilary angiomatosis: negative results using normal balb/c and balb/c nude mice.	baccilary angiomatosis has recently been described as a disease that can spread systematically and that is potentially fatal. it is caused by bartonella henselae and b. quintana, and presents as especially pronounced signs and symptoms in patients suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). to clarify the pathogenesis of the disease and to try to define the relationships among baccilary angiomatosis, cat scratch disease and carrión's bartonellosis, the authors of this study have at ...	1998	11103022
lacrimal gland involvement in kikuchi-fujimoto disease.	purpose. a 32-year-old saudi female presented with typical kikuchi-fujimoto disease, i.e., fever, cervical lymphadenitis and leukopenia, but there was also painful upper eyelid swelling with pain on upgaze. methods. a connective tissue disease and lymphoma workup were unremarkable, as were antibody titers to apifia felis and bartonella henselae. results. orbital computed tomography showed significant lacrimal gland enlargement. cervical node biopsy revealed necrotizing lymphadenitis. conclusion. ...	1998	12048711
[bacterial infections in patients infected by hiv].	individuals infected by the human immuno deficiency are more prone to suffering certain bacterial infections in the course of their clinical evolution. the agents involved in these infections are: streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella spp and campylobacter spp, which occasion an increase in morbidity and mortality. with a lower frequency, but with an equal morbidity and mortality, infections have been found caused by rhodococcus equi, nocardia spp a ...	1998	12891392
persistent infection of pets within a household with three bartonella species.	we monitored by blood culture and immunofluorescence assay (ifa) bartonella infection in one dog and eight cats in a household to determine the prevalence and persistence of the infection as well as its transmissibility to humans. ectoparasite control was rigorously exercised. during a 3-year period, bartonella clarridgeiae was recovered from one cat on two occasions, and b. henselae was isolated from another cat on four occasions. during a 16-month period, b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii was isol ...	1998	9621208
case records of the massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological exercises. case 1-1998. an 11-year-old boy with a seizure.		1998	9424578
systemic cat scratch disease: a brief case report and review of the literature.		1998	9611416
cat scratch disease presenting with peripheral facial nerve paralysis.	acquired peripheral facial nerve paralysis is a relatively common disorder that affects both children and adults. the most frequent nontrauma-related etiologies in otherwise neurologically intact patients are idiopathic (bell's palsy) and infectious, which includes otitis media, herpes zoster, lyme disease, herpes simplex virus, epstein-barr virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. cat scratch disease (csd) is typically a subacute, regional lymphadenitis caused by bartonella henselae that is seen in ch ...	1998	9565446
unconventional genomic organization in the alpha subgroup of the proteobacteria.	pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to analyze the genomic organization of 16 bacteria belonging or related to the family rhizobiaceae of the alpha subgroup of the class proteobacteria. the number and sizes of replicons were determined by separating nondigested dna. hybridization of an rrn gene probe was used to distinguish between chromosomes and plasmids. members of the genus agrobacterium all possess two chromosomes, and each biovar has a specific genome size. as previously demonstrated ...	1998	9573163
cat scratch disease in greece.	an indirect fluorescent antibody test for bartonella henselae, b quintana, and b elizabethae was performed in all 18 children who presented to our paediatric outpatient clinic with cat scratch disease over a six year period. serum samples were taken on admission, after 15 days, and after six months. diagnosis was confirmed in 15 patients (83%) and was based on seroconversion or a fourfold change of the antibody titre to b henselae in 12 patients and on a single high titre (> 128) in three patien ...	1998	9534680
cat-scratch disease in a child with unique magnetic resonance imaging findings.	to report a patient with cat-scratch disease and the associated radiological findings.	1998	9559718
a survey of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa in naturally exposed dogs from israel.	antibody reactivity against seven bacterial or protozoal pathogens was measured in sera derived from 40 dogs suspected of a tick-borne disease. sera from 73% (29/40) of the dogs reacted with three or more test antigens. seroreactivity was most prevalent to babesia canis antigen (90%) followed by babesia gibsoni (75%), ehrlichia canis (63%), rickettsia conorii--moroccan strain (58%), rickettsia conorii--israeli strain no. 2 (28%), borrelia burgdorferi (10%) or bartonella vinsonii (berkhoffii) (10 ...	1998	9561701
isolation, sequencing and expression of the gene encoding a major protein from the backteriophage associated with bartonella henselae.	the gene encoding a 31-kda major protein (pap31) associated with the bacteriophage harbored in bartonella henselae was cloned and sequenced. analysis of the resulting sequence revealed an open reading frame of 837 nucleotides coding for a protein of 279 amino acids. pap31 was then subcloned downstream of the lacz promoter in puc19. pap31 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and the linear amplicon was used as template for in-vitro transcription and translation. a protein with an apparent ...	1998	9461414
development and evaluation of a pcr-based assay for detection of haemobartonella felis in cats and differentiation of h. felis from related bacteria by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.	the 16s rrna gene of haemobartonella felis was amplified by using universal eubacterial primers and was subsequently cloned and sequenced. based on this sequence data, we designed a set of h. felis-specific primers. these primers selectively amplified a 1,316-bp dna fragment of the 16s rrna gene of h. felis from each of four experimentally infected cats at peak parasitemia. no pcr product was amplified from purified dna of eperythrozoon suis, mycoplasma genitalium, and bartonella bacilliformis. ...	1998	9466759
hypercalcemia due to endogenous overproduction of active vitamin d in identical twins with cat-scratch disease.	the extrarenal synthesis of active vitamin d sterols has a central causative role in the hypercalcemia associated with various granulomatous diseases.	1998	9480364
a farmer with a lump in his throat.		1998	9734943
characterization of bartonella henselae isolated from bacillary angiomatosis lesions in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient in germany.	infections with bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae can result in a variety of clinical entities, including bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompromised hosts. the fastidious nature of this bacterium has so far prevented the culture of many clinical isolates. we report the recovery of the first european b. henselae isolate associated with bacillary angiomatosis. the isolate was cultured in a frozen skin biopsy specimen from a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patient and was characterized ...	1998	9636850
are all bartonella henselae strains created equal?		1998	9636851
[liver changes in aids. retrospective analysis of 227 autopsies of hiv-positive patients].	in a retrospective study of a 12-year period (1981-1992) liver histology was analyzed in 227 autopsied patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. normal histology could only be documented in 29 patients (13%). in the majority of cases (56%) uncharacteristic changes were seen such as steatosis (34%), hemosiderosis (10%) or non-specific reactive hepatitis (7%). the finding of hepatic peliosis obtained in 4 patients was not associated with inflammatory liver changes, especially infect ...	1998	9648144
high prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with cardiovascular disease and in middle-aged blood donors.	nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr) demonstrated the presence of chlamydia pneumoniae-specific dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). pbmc samples were obtained from 103 consecutive patients (62 male, 41 female) aged 22-85 years (mean, 64) admitted for coronary angiography because of suspected coronary heart disease and from 52 blood donors (43 male, 9 female) aged 40-64 years (mean, 49). of the 101 evaluable patients, 60 (59%) were identified by npcr assay as c. pneumoniae dna ca ...	1998	9652454
leber's neuroretinitis in a patient with serologic evidence of bartonella elizabethae.		1998	9654422
prospective randomized double blind placebo-controlled evaluation of azithromycin for treatment of cat-scratch disease.	to determine the efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of patients with typical cat-scratch disease.	1998	9655532
seroprevalence of antibodies to bartonella henselae in patients with cat scratch disease and in healthy controls: evaluation and comparison of two commercial serological tests.	serologic testing for the presence of antibodies to bartonella henselae is a widely accepted diagnostic procedure for laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis of cat scratch disease (csd). in this study a commercially available indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) based on b. henselae-infected human larynx carcinoma cells (test a) was evaluated. sera from 42 patients with csd (20 confirmed by pcr) and 270 sera from healthy controls (consisting of 63 cat owners, 65 individuals whose last close ...	1998	9665953
[cat scratch disease: description of a new case].		1998	9763751
constitutive and inducible green fluorescent protein expression in bartonella henselae.	the green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene was expressed on a plasmid in b. henselae, and gfp-expressing bacteria were visualized by fluorescence microscopy. hep-2 cells infected with gfp-expressing bacteria were separated from uninfected cells with a fluorescence activated cell sorter. promoter fusions of b. henselae chromosomal dna to gfp were examined by flow cytometry, and a b. henselae groel promoter fusion which induced expression at 37 degreesc was isolated.	1998	9673287
use of retinal biopsy to diagnose bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae retinitis in an hiv-infected patient.	a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome developed bilateral retinitis due to a bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae infection. a retinal biopsy was performed when severe and progressive retinal infection failed to respond to empirical treatment for cytomegalovirus and toxoplasma gondii. the biopsy specimen was stained with routine histopathological stains and the steiner silver stain. ribosomal dna was extracted from formalinfixed, paraffin-embedded retinal tissue and amplifi ...	1998	9682711
identification of brucella by ribosomal-spacer-region pcr and differentiation of brucella canis from other brucella spp. pathogenic for humans by carbohydrate profiles.	molecular and chemical characteristics often provide complementary information in the differentiation of closely related organisms. the genus brucella consists of a highly conserved group of organisms. identification of the four species pathogenic in humans (brucella melitensis, brucella abortus, brucella suis, and brucella canis) is problematic for many clinical laboratories that depend primarily on serology and phenotypic characteristics to differentiate species. pcr amplification of the 16s-2 ...	1998	9774568
von willebrand factor proteolysis and doxycycline in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.		1998	9690440
images in clinical medicine. verruga peruana.		1998	9700179
subacute orbital abscess in a four-year-old girl with a new kitten.		1998	9779778
radiological case of the month. cat-scratch disease with hepatic and splenic involvement.		1998	9701150
[reactive arthritis after cat bit: a rare manifestation of cat scratch disease--case report and overview].	cat scratch disease (csd) is a rarely recognized infectious disease in germany. only a few years ago the causative agent, bartonella henselae, could be isolated. the typical clinical manifestations of csd consist of skin changes at the inoculation site and a benign lymphadenopathy; other manifestations are rare. we report the case of a 47 year old woman, who developed a reactive spondylarthropathy with synovitis of finger joints, polyarthralgias of large- and medium-sized joints, and inflammator ...	1998	9702836
cat scratch disease: the rare role of afipia felis.	since its isolation in 1988, afipia felis has been associated with cat scratch disease (csd) in only one report and its role in csd has been questioned. we have cultured a. felis from a lymph node of a patient with csd. 16s rrna gene sequencing, dna relatedness studies, fatty acid analysis, and pcr of the a. felis ferredoxin gene showed that the isolate is identical to the previously reported a. felis isolate. to determine the role of a. felis in csd, pcr of the 16s rrna gene followed by hybridi ...	1998	9705382
murine model of bartonella henselae infection in the immunocompetent host.	bartonella henselae is an emerging pathogen causing cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, and peliosis hepatis. progress in understanding the pathogenesis of and the immune response to these infections has been limited by the lack of an animal model. following intraperitoneal infection of c57bl/6 mice with b. henselae, organs were cleared of cultivatable bacteria within 6 days. in contrast, b. henselae dna could be detected in liver tissue for at least 3 months. liver tissue showed granul ...	1998	9784568
chest-wall abscess due to cat-scratch disease (csd) in an adult with antibodies to bartonella clarridgeiae: case report and review of the thoracopulmonary manifestations of csd.	we describe a patient who presented with a massive chest-wall abscess after a severe debilitating illness that lasted 3 months. steroid therapy, administered for 4 weeks, masked the slow development of an extensive axillary and chest-wall abscess. after multiple negative tests, the patient's prolonged illness was diagnosed as cat-scratch disease (csd). an indirect fluorescent antibody test revealed that two convalescent serum samples were positive for igg to bartonella clarridgeiae, but no other ...	1998	9709886
anterior uveitis associated with cat scratch disease.		1998	9713073
construction of versatile high-level expression vectors for bartonella henselae and the use of green fluorescent protein as a new expression marker.	expression vectors suitable for directing high levels of protein synthesis in bartonella henselae have been constructed based on the mobilisable broad-host-range (incq) plasmidpmmb206. they confer kanamycin resistance and feature the taclac (tac-lacuv5 in tandem) promoters in front of a polylinker followed by the rrnb transcriptional stop point. while expression of genes fused to the taclac promoter is constitutive in one vector, the laciq gene carried by the other vector allows a controlled, ip ...	1998	9714815
outbreak of epidemic typhus associated with trench fever in burundi.	after a 12-year absence, epidemic typhus has re-emerged among the displaced population of burundi. following the outbreak of civil war in 1993, over 760000 people now inhabit refugee camps, under appalling conditions. a typhus outbreak occurred among prisoners in a jail in n'gozi in 1995. at the time, the disease was not recognised, and was referred to as sutama. reports of sutama among the civilian population date back to late 1995 and, in association with body-louse infestation, the disease ha ...	1998	9717922