Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| acinetobacter baumanii (ab) bacteraemia in surgical patients. | 2001 | 11560397 | |
| cloning and genetic characterization of dca genes required for beta-oxidation of straight-chain dicarboxylic acids in acinetobacter sp. strain adp1. | a previous study of deletions in the protocatechuate (pca) region of the acinetobacter sp. strain adp1 chromosome revealed that genes required for utilization of the six-carbon dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, are linked to the pca structural genes. to investigate the genes involved in adipate catabolism, a 33.8-kb saci fragment, which corrects a deletion spanning this region, was cloned. in addition to containing known pca, qui, and pob genes (for protocatechuate, quinate, and 4-hydroxybenzoate ... | 2001 | 11571189 |
| molecular identification of campylobacter concisus. | a 1.6-kb dna fragment isolated from a campylobacter concisus genomic library gave c. concisus-specific restriction fragment length patterns when it was used as a probe in hybridization studies. all of the strains tested, including type strains and clinical isolates, contained a 0.5-kb hindiii fragment that hybridized to the probe. dna sequencing of the 1.6-kb fragment identified three open reading frames (orfs). one of the orfs encodes the carboxy terminus of gyrb, and the translational products ... | 2001 | 11574591 |
| acinetobacter baumannii has two genes encoding glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase: evidence for differential regulation in response to iron. | the adhc1 gene from acinetobacter baumannii 8399, which encodes a glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (gsh-fdh), was identified and cloned after mapping the insertion site of tn3-hoho1 in a recombinant cosmid isolated from a gene library. sequence analysis showed that this gene encodes a protein exhibiting significant similarity to alcohol dehydrogenases in bacterial, yeast, plant and animal cells. the expression of the adhc1 gene was confirmed by the detection of gsh-fdh enzyme act ... | 2001 | 11577159 |
| outbreak of acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit associated with tracheostomy. | a case-control study was conducted to determine risk factors for acquisition of an epidemic strain of acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit. the epidemic strain was identified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and was isolated from tracheal secretions in 13 (87%) of 15 patients. in a logistic regression analysis, presence of a tracheostomy was an independent risk for acinetobacter sp acquisition (odds ratio, 421; 95% confidence interval, 13.8-12925; p =.001) and the strength of the ... | 2001 | 11584252 |
| periodontal disease as a specific, albeit chronic, infection: diagnosis and treatment. | periodontal disease is perhaps the most common chronic infection in adults. evidence has been accumulating for the past 30 years which indicates that almost all forms of periodontal disease are chronic but specific bacterial infections due to the overgrowth in the dental plaque of a finite number of mostly anaerobic species such as porphyromonas gingivalis, bacteroides forsythus, and treponema denticola. the success of traditional debridement procedures and/or antimicrobial agents in improving p ... | 2001 | 11585783 |
| molecular detection of antimicrobial resistance. | the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of a clinical isolate, especially with increasing resistance, is often crucial for the optimal antimicrobial therapy of infected patients. nucleic acid-based assays for the detection of resistance may offer advantages over phenotypic assays. examples are the detection of the methicillin resistance-encoding meca gene in staphylococci, rifampin resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the spread of resistance determinants across the globe. how ... | 2001 | 11585788 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the 21st century: characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. | beta-lactamases continue to be the leading cause of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria. in recent years there has been an increased incidence and prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls), enzymes that hydrolyze and cause resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins and aztreonam. the majority of esbls are derived from the widespread broad-spectrum beta-lactamases tem-1 and shv-1. there are also new families of esbls, including the ctx-m and oxa-type enzyme ... | 2001 | 11585791 |
| severe community-acquired pneumonia due to acinetobacter baumannii. | to investigate the clinical, epidemiologic, and microbiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) due to acinetobacter baumannii. | 2001 | 11591541 |
| bacteremia in hospitalized patients with human immunodeficiency virus: a prospective, cohort study. | bacterial infections complicate the course of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. the purpose of this study was to describe the bacterial pathogens causing blood stream infection, identify the risk factors for the development of blood stream infection and determine the impact of blood stream infection on the outcome of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | 2001 | 11602019 |
| in vitro activity of moxifloxacin against common clinical bacterial isolates in taiwan. | the in vitro antimicrobial activities of moxifloxacin were compared with 7 other antimicrobial agents. a total of 707 isolates of 11 common pathogenic bacteria were collected from the national taiwan university hospital; antimicrobial activities against these isolates were evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration using an agar-dilution method. most common pathogenic bacteria were susceptible to moxifloxacin, including methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus, methicillin ... | 2001 | 11605808 |
| acinetobacter baumanii (ab) bacteremia in cancer patients. | 2001 | 11680838 | |
| identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of alcaligenes xylosoxidans isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. | in the past decade, potential pathogens, including alcaligenes species, have been increasingly recovered from cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. accurate identification of multiply antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli is critical to understanding the epidemiology and clinical implications of emerging pathogens in cf. we examined the frequency of correct identification of alcaligenes spp. by microbiology laboratories affiliated with american cf patient care centers. selective media, an exotoxin ... | 2001 | 11682511 |
| a novel two-protein component flavoprotein hydroxylase. | p-hydroxyphenylacetate (hpa) hydroxylase (hpah) was purified from acinetobacter baumannii and shown to be a two-protein component enzyme. the small component (c1) is the reductase enzyme with a subunit molecular mass of 32 kda. c1 alone catalyses hpa-stimulated nadh oxidation without hydroxylation of hpa. c1 is a flavoprotein with fmn as a native cofactor but can also bind to fad. the large component (c2) is the hydroxylase component that hydroxylates hpa in the presence of c1. c2 is a tetrameri ... | 2001 | 11683878 |
| [postsurgical meningitis caused by acinetobacter baumannii: study of 22 cases and review of the literature]. | postsurgical acinetobacter baumannii meningitis is associated with relevant morbidity and mortality. it has been related to neurosurgery, intraventricular catheters (ic) or csf fistula. thus, features, epidemiology and clinical course of this infection were studied. | 2001 | 11692403 |
| functions of the mismatch repair gene muts from acinetobacter sp. strain adp1. | the genus acinetobacter encompasses a heterogeneous group of bacteria that are ubiquitous in the natural environment due in part to their ability to adapt genetically to novel challenges. acinetobacter sp. strain adp1 (also known as strain bd413) is naturally transformable and takes up dna from any source. donor dna can be integrated into the chromosome by recombination provided it possesses sufficient levels of nucleotide sequence identity to the recipient's dna. in other bacteria, the requirem ... | 2001 | 11698371 |
| in vitro activity of ca(1-8)m(1-18), a synthetic cecropin a-melittin hybrid peptide, against multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii strains. | the in vitro antibiotic activity of ca(1-8)m(1-18), a synthetic cecropin a-melittin hybrid peptide, was determined by broth microdilution on 20 clinical acinetobacter baumannii isolates with different resistance profiles. the mic(50), mic(90) and ranges were 4 mg/l, 4 mg/l and 2-8 mg/l, respectively, and were independent of resistance pattern. different assay parameters such as microplate plastic (polystyrene or polypropylene), addition of supplements (5-10% fetal calf serum or 5% horse blood), ... | 2001 | 11704773 |
| systematic analysis of a conserved region of the aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase type ib. | alanine-scanning mutagenesis was applied to the aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase type ib conserved motif b, and the effects of the substitutions were analyzed by measuring the mics of kanamycin (kan) and its semisynthetic derivative, amikacin (amk). several substitutions resulted in no major change in mics. e167a and f171a resulted in derivatives that lost the ability to confer resistance to kan and amk. p155a, p157a, n159a, l160a, i163a, k168a, and g170a conferred intermediate levels of re ... | 2001 | 11709299 |
| resistance-nodulation-cell division-type efflux pump involved in aminoglycoside resistance in acinetobacter baumannii strain bm4454. | multidrug-resistant strain acinetobacter baumannii bm4454 was isolated from a patient with a urinary tract infection. the adeb gene, which encodes a resistance-nodulation-cell division (rnd) protein, was detected in this strain by pcr with two degenerate oligodeoxynucleotides. insertional inactivation of adeb in bm4454, which generated bm4454-1, showed that the corresponding protein was responsible for aminoglycoside resistance and was involved in the level of susceptibility to other drugs inclu ... | 2001 | 11709311 |
| characterization of oxa-29 from legionella (fluoribacter) gormanii: molecular class d beta-lactamase with unusual properties. | a class d beta-lactamase determinant was isolated from the genome of legionella (fluoribacter) gormanii atcc 33297(t). the enzyme, named oxa-29, is quite divergent from other class d beta-lactamases, being more similar (33 to 43% amino acid identity) to those of groups iii (oxa-1) and iv (oxa-9, oxa-12, oxa-18, and oxa-22) than to other class d enzymes (21 to 24% sequence identity). phylogenetic analysis confirmed the closer ancestry of oxa-29 with members of the former groups. the oxa-29 enzyme ... | 2001 | 11709332 |
| identification of residues critical for metallo-beta-lactamase function by codon randomization and selection. | imp-1 beta-lactamase is a zinc metallo-enzyme encoded by the transferable bla(imp-1) gene, which confers resistance to virtually all beta-lactam antibiotics including carbapenems. to understand how imp-1 recognizes and hydrolyzes beta-lactam antibiotics it is important to determine which amino acid residues are critical for catalysis and which residues control substrate specificity. we randomized 27 individual codons in the bla(imp-1) gene to create libraries that contain all possible amino acid ... | 2001 | 11714924 |
| multidrug-resistant trichosporon asahii infection of nongranulocytopenic patients in three intensive care units. | trichosporon asahii (trichosporon beigelii) infections are rare but have been associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from superficial involvement in immunocompetent individuals to severe systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. we report on the recent recovery of t. asahii isolates with reduced susceptibility in vitro to amphotericin b (amb), flucytosine, and azoles from six nongranulocytopenic patients who exhibited risk factors and who developed either super ... | 2001 | 11724855 |
| outbreak of infection with multidrug-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae carrying bla(imp-8) in a university medical center in taiwan. | klebsiella pneumoniae strains with the transferable carbapenem-hydrolyzing metallo-beta-lactamases, which include imp- and vim-type enzymes, remain extremely rare. to investigate whether imp- or vim-producing k. pneumoniae isolates had spread at a university medical center in taiwan, a total of 3,458 clinical isolates of k. pneumoniae consecutively collected in 1999 and 2000 were tested by the agar diffusion method, colony hybridization, pcr, and nucleotide sequencing. a total of 40 isolates (1. ... | 2001 | 11724857 |
| molecular characterization of first human bartonella strain isolated in italy. | the aim of this study was to characterize a bartonella strain (ba-1) isolated from a blood culture of an italian, human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with bacillary angiomatosis. we analyzed the isolate using molecular biology methods such as whole-cell fatty acid analysis, pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, type-specific 16s rrna pcrs, sequence analysis of the 16s rrna, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and arbitrarily primed pcr. the ba-1 isolate turned out to be ... | 2001 | 11724882 |
| in vitro activity of sulperazon against recent isolates of ceftazidime-resistant bacteria. | the in vitro activity of sulperazon (cefoperazone/sulbactam) was tested against 94 ceftazidime-resistant strains of bacteria isolated from mostly seriously ill patients in critical care units. acinetobacter baumanii, pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella pneumoniae made up 80% of the pathogens studied; 90% of the klebsiella strains were producers of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbl). the mic90 of sulperazon for klebsiella was 12 mg/l (range 1.5-16 mg/l), indicating that this drug may be a ... | 2001 | 11732084 |
| comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and amplified fragment-length polymorphism for epidemiological investigations of common nosocomial pathogens. | to compare molecular typing by amplified fragment-length polymorphism (aflp) analysis with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with respect to the ability to differentiate between epidemiologically related and unrelated isolates of common nosocomial pathogens recovered during a period of endemicity. | 2001 | 11732783 |
| acinetobacter baumanii bacteremia in children. | 2001 | 11740334 | |
| [the high level resistance to carbapenems in acinetobacter baumannii is a multifactorial problem]. | 2001 | 11747791 | |
| quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyra and parc in pasteurella multocida strains with different levels of nalidixic acid resistance. | 2001 | 11270370 | |
| genetic organization of the region encoding regulation, biosynthesis, and transport of rhizobactin 1021, a siderophore produced by sinorhizobium meliloti. | eight genes have been identified that function in the regulation, biosynthesis, and transport of rhizobactin 1021, a hydroxamate siderophore produced under iron stress by sinorhizobium meliloti. the genes were sequenced, and transposon insertion mutants were constructed for phenotypic analysis. six of the genes, named rhbabcdef, function in the biosynthesis of the siderophore and were shown to constitute an operon that is repressed under iron-replete conditions. another gene in the cluster, name ... | 2001 | 11274118 |
| evaluation of inoculum addition to stimulate in situ bioremediation of oily-sludge-contaminated soil. | a full-scale study evaluating an inoculum addition to stimulate in situ bioremediation of oily-sludge-contaminated soil was conducted at an oil refinery where the indigenous population of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the soil was very low (10(3) to 10(4) cfu/g of soil). a feasibility study was conducted prior to the full-scale bioremediation study. in this feasibility study, out of six treatments, the application of a bacterial consortium and nutrients resulted in maximum biodegradation of ... | 2001 | 11282620 |
| characterization of listeria monocytogenes strains involved in invasive and noninvasive listeriosis outbreaks by pcr-based fingerprinting techniques. | a total of 32 listeria monocytogenes strains (16 from a recent outbreak of invasive listeriosis and 16 from two outbreaks of noninvasive listeriosis, all three occurring in italy) were characterized by pcr-ribotyping, arbitrarily primed pcr (ap-pcr), and the recently developed infrequent-restriction-site pcr (irs-pcr). the discriminatory ability of the techniques, first evaluated on 29 unrelated l. monocytogenes food isolates using simpson's index of diversity, was 0.714 for pcr-ribotyping, 0.69 ... | 2001 | 11282635 |
| carriage of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii from northern spain. | a collection of 70 clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii from bilbao in northern spain was examined by pcr for the presence of class 1 integron structures. the organisms comprised 21 distinct rapd genotypes, with 10 distinct antibiogram patterns. four different integron structures were detected in a total of 59 (84%) of the 70 isolates, with two predominant integron structures found in 20 and 30 isolates each. no clear antibiogram differences could be correlated with the presence or absen ... | 2001 | 11192508 |
| an outbreak of imipenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii in critically ill surgical patients. | to describe an outbreak of imipenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii (ir-ab) and the measures for its control, and to investigate risk factors for ir-ab acquisition. | 2001 | 11198020 |
| a nosocomial outbreak of multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii originating from an intensive care unit. | an outbreak of a multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii in february through september 1996 affected 103 patients in a regional hospital in singapore. we describe the effectiveness of closure of the outbreak area and the importance of good teamwork in the management of the outbreak. | 2001 | 11198024 |
| effects exerted by transcriptional regulator pcau from acinetobacter sp. strain adp1. | protocatechuate degradation is accomplished in a multistep inducible catabolic pathway in acinetobacter sp. strain adp1. the induction is brought about by the transcriptional regulator pcau in concert with the inducer protocatechuate. pcau, a member of the new iclr family of transcriptional regulators, was shown to play a role in the activation of transcription at the promoter for the structural pca genes, leaving open the participation of additional activators. in this work we show that there i ... | 2001 | 11208784 |
| epidemiology, resistance, and outcomes of acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia treated with imipenem-cilastatin or ampicillin-sulbactam. | to evaluate epidemiology, resistance, and treatment outcomes of acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia treated with imipenem-cilastatin or ampicillin-sulbactam for 72 hours or longer. | 2001 | 11213849 |
| analysis of the pmsceab gene cluster involved in biosynthesis of salicylic acid and the siderophore pseudomonine in the biocontrol strain pseudomonas fluorescens wcs374. | mutants of pseudomonas fluorescens wcs374 defective in biosynthesis of the fluorescent siderophore pseudobactin still display siderophore activity, indicating the production of a second siderophore. a recombinant cosmid clone (pmb374-07) of a wcs374 gene library harboring loci necessary for the biosynthesis of salicylic acid (sa) and this second siderophore pseudomonine was isolated. the salicylate biosynthesis region of wcs374 was localized in a 5-kb ecori fragment of pmb374-07. the sa and pseu ... | 2001 | 11222588 |
| microbiologic aspects of predominant bacteria isolated from the burn patients in korea. | the risk of infection in burns is well-known. in recent decades, the antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from burn patients has increased. for this reason, we have carried out a study of the predominant bacterial profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolates from a burn center in korea. a retrospective study was undertaken at hallym university, hangang sacred heart hospital to examine the bacterial isolates from the burn patients and to compare the antibiograms of the pred ... | 2001 | 11226650 |
| acinetobacter baumannii--an emerging nosocomial pathogen in the burns unit manipal, india. | a retrospective study on 113 patients admitted to the burns unit over a period of 12 months was undertaken to investigate the emerging trend of acinetobacter baumannii infection. wound infection with a. baumannii was seen in 13 (11.5%) patients. of these six (46%) patients developed septicaemia with the same bacteria and five (38%) expired. the virulence of these bacteria, drug susceptibility pattern and its role as a nosocomial pathogen is discussed. | 2001 | 11226651 |
| clinical significance and taxonomy of actinobacillus hominis. | clinical findings in 36 immunosuppressed patients with lower respiratory tract infection or bacteremia with actinobacillus hominis are described. animal contact was only recorded for three patients; nine patients died despite appropriate antimicrobial treatment. although infections with this microorganism seem to be rare, the fact that 37 of 46 strains characterized in this study have been found in copenhagen indicates that under-reporting may occur. a. hominis is phenotypically relatively homog ... | 2001 | 11230406 |
| diagnostics of neisseriaceae and moraxellaceae by ribosomal dna sequencing: ribosomal differentiation of medical microorganisms. | fast and reliable identification of microbial isolates is a fundamental goal of clinical microbiology. however, in the case of some fastidious gram-negative bacterial species, classical phenotype identification based on either metabolic, enzymatic, or serological methods is difficult, time-consuming, and/or inadequate. 16s or 23s ribosomal dna (rdna) bacterial sequencing will most often result in accurate speciation of isolates. therefore, the objective of this study was to find a hypervariable ... | 2001 | 11230407 |
| controlled clinical comparison of bactec plus anaerobic/f to standard anaerobic/f as the anaerobic companion bottle to plus aerobic/f medium for culturing blood from adults. | to determine the optimal anaerobic companion bottle to pair with bactec plus aerobic/f medium for recovery of pathogenic microorganisms from adult patients with bacteremia and fungemia, we compared plus anaerobic/f bottles with standard anaerobic/f bottles, each of which was filled with 4 to 6 ml of blood. the two bottles were paired with a plus aerobic/f bottle filled with 8 to 12 ml of blood. a total of 14,011 blood culture sets were obtained. of these, 11,583 sets were received with all three ... | 2001 | 11230415 |
| meropenem in neonatal severe infections due to multiresistant gram-negative bacteria. | recently, new broad spectrum carbapenem has been investigated on a world-wide scale for the treatment of moderate to severe infections. in the neonatal intensive care units the extensive use of third generation cephalosporins for therapy of neonatal sepsis may lead to rapid emergence of multiresistant gram-negative organisms. we report the use of meropenem in 35 infants with severe infections due to acinetobacter baumanii and klebsiella pneumoniae. all gram negative bacteria were resistant to am ... | 2001 | 11237230 |
| risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in critically ill trauma patients. | to determine risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in critically ill trauma patients. | 2001 | 11246310 |
| epidemiological characterization of hospital-acquired acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a 1500-bed teaching hospital by phenotypic and genotypic methods. | 2001 | 11247688 | |
| biochemical characterization of the fez-1 metallo-beta-lactamase of legionella gormanii atcc 33297t produced in escherichia coli. | the bla(fez-1) gene coding for the metallo-beta-lactamase of legionella (fluoribacter) gormanii atcc 33297t was overexpressed via a t7 expression system in escherichia coli bl21(de3)(plyss). the product was purified to homogeneity in two steps with a yield of 53%. the fez-1 metallo-beta-lactamase exhibited a broad-spectrum activity profile, with a preference for cephalosporins such as cephalothin, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime. monobactams were not hydrolyzed. the beta-lactamase was inhibited by me ... | 2001 | 11257043 |
| [detection of gram-negative bacteria in patients and hospital environment at a room in geriatric wards under the infection control against mrsa]. | we prospectively surveyed gram-negative bacteria in patients and hospital environment in a room in the geriatric ward which was specifically under the infection control against mrsa once every two weeks between september and december 1996. we investigated the inpatients in an 8-bed room in the geriatric wards (190 beds) of aino memorial hospital, affiliated with nagasaki university. during the study period, we performed a total of 431 cultures. the number of specimens cultured was 116 from airwa ... | 2001 | 11260881 |
| sulbactam efficacy in experimental models caused by susceptible and intermediate acinetobacter baumannii strains. | sulbactam and imipenem were compared in an experimental pneumonia model in immunocompetent mice, using a susceptible strain of acinetobacter baumannii, and in an experimental endocarditis model in rabbits, using an intermediately susceptible strain. in the former, sulbactam was as efficacious as imipenem in terms of survival, sterility of lungs and in the bacterial clearance from lungs and blood, provided that the t > mic for sulbactam (1.84 h) was similar to that for imipenem (2.01 h). in the e ... | 2001 | 11266426 |
| imp-4, a novel metallo-beta-lactamase from nosocomial acinetobacter spp. collected in hong kong between 1994 and 1998. | between 1994 and 1998, 97 imipenem-resistant acinetobacter isolates were identified at the prince of wales hospital, hong kong, china. a bla(imp) pcr product was obtained from 23 of 35 viable cultures; 12 isolates belonged to genomic dna group 3, 8 belonged to group 2 (acinetobacter baumannii), 2 belonged to group 13tu, and 1 belonged to group 1. the bla(imp) homologues were sequenced from two isolates from genomic dna group 2 and one isolate each from groups 3 and 13tu. the four sequences inclu ... | 2001 | 11181348 |
| in vitro and in vivo properties of ro 63-9141, a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin with activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococci. | ro 63-9141 is a new member of the pyrrolidinone-3-ylidenemethyl cephem series of cephalosporins. its antibacterial spectrum was evaluated against significant gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens in comparison with those of reference drugs, including cefotaxime, cefepime, meropenem, and ciprofloxacin. ro 63-9141 showed high antibacterial in vitro activity against gram-positive bacteria except ampicillin-resistant enterococci, particularly vancomycin-resistant strains of enterococcus faecium. ... | 2001 | 11181368 |
| metallo-beta-lactamase producers in environmental microbiota: new molecular class b enzyme in janthinobacterium lividum. | eleven environmental samples from different sources were screened for the presence of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing bacteria by using a selective enrichment medium containing a carbapenem antibiotic and subsequently testing each isolate for production of edta-inhibitable carbapenemase activity. a total of 15 metallo-beta-lactamase-producing isolates, including 10 stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates, 3 chryseobacterium spp., one aeromonas hydrophila isolate, and one janthinobacterium lividum ... | 2001 | 11181369 |
| identification of epidemic strains of acinetobacter baumannii by integrase gene pcr. | forty-eight clinical acinetobacter isolates with different epidemic behavior were investigated for the presence of integrons and plasmids and for antibiotic susceptibility. integrons were demonstrated in 50% of the strains by an integrase gene pcr. epidemic strains of acinetobacter baumannii were found to contain significantly more integrons than nonepidemic strains. also, the presence of integrons was significantly correlated with simultaneous resistance to several antibiotics. plasmids were de ... | 2001 | 11136740 |
| contemporary assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for polymyxin b and colistin: review of available interpretative criteria and quality control guidelines. | the emergence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter spp. has necessitated the search for alternative parenteral agents such as the polymyxins. the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) documents do not currently provide interpretative criteria for the testing of the polymyxins, colistin and polymyxin b. therefore, an evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of colistin and polymyxin b was initiated using 200 bloodstream infect ... | 2001 | 11136768 |
| epidemiology and infection control implications of acinetobacter spp. in hong kong. | in a previous study, we showed that acinetobacter genomic dna group 3 was the most common species among blood culture isolates and was commonly found on superficial carriage sites of the healthy and the sick, which are different findings from those reported in europe and north america. we used amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to study further the molecular epidemiology of acinetobacters in our region. over a study period of 6 weeks with 136 consec ... | 2001 | 11136776 |
| acinetobacter baumannii at a tertiary-care teaching hospital in jerusalem, israel. | in a retrospective 10-year analysis of 3,536 patient-unique isolates, acinetobacter baumannii imipenem susceptibility declined from 98.1 (1990) to 64.1% (2000), and ciprofloxacin susceptibility decreased from 50.5 to 13.1%. imipenem median zone diameters decreased from 27. 7 (1997) to 18.8 mm (2000). no outbreaks were detected. two clusters were identified for 41 strains genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, but imipenem resistance was not clonal. | 2001 | 11136809 |
| ceftibuten stability to active-site serine and metallo-beta-lactamases. | ceftibuten is an oral third-generation cephalosporin active against a wide range of bacteria and shows an improved stability to hydrolysis by several beta-lactamases because of the carboxyethilidine moiety at position 7 of the ss-acyl side chain. the kinetic interactions between ceftibuten and active-site serine and metallo-ss-lactamases were investigated. the activity of several tem-derived extended spectrum beta-lactamases (esbetals) against ceftibuten, cefotaxime and ceftazidime was compared ... | 2001 | 11137648 |
| characterization of oxa-25, oxa-26, and oxa-27, molecular class d beta-lactamases associated with carbapenem resistance in clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | carbapenem resistance in acinetobacter spp. is increasingly being associated with oxa-type beta-lactamases with weak hydrolytic activity against imipenem and meropenem. such enzymes were characterized from acinetobacter isolates collected in belgium, kuwait, singapore, and spain. the isolates from spain and belgium had novel class d beta-lactamases that were active against carbapenems. these were designated oxa-25 and oxa-26, respectively, and had >98% amino acid homology with each other and wit ... | 2001 | 11158758 |
| gene structures and regulation of the alkane hydroxylase complex in acinetobacter sp. strain m-1. | in the long-chain n-alkane degrader acinetobacter sp. strain m-1, two alkane hydroxylase complexes are switched by controlling the expression of two n-alkane hydroxylase-encoding genes in response to the chain length of n-alkanes, while rubredoxin and rubredoxin ruductase are encoded by a single gene and expressed constitutively. | 2001 | 11160120 |
| nosocomial pneumonia: importance of recognition of aetiological agents to define an appropriate initial empirical therapy. | of the 16,024 patients hospitalized from january 1995 to october 1997, 397 (2.4%) acquired nosocomial pneumonia and the aetiological agent was defined in 101 (25%). about 82% developed late onset pneumonia (>7 days of hospitalization). the site of isolation of microorganisms was bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) (49%), blood culture (39%), pleural effusion (10%) and (2%) pulmonary tissue. gram-negative bacteria were responsible for 54% of infections. staphylococcus aureus (34%) was the most frequent ... | 2001 | 11165120 |
| typing of acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospital-acquired respiratory infections in a tertiary care centre in southern india. | in an attempt to define the epidemiology of acinetobacter baumannii infection, 27 isolates, obtained from hospital-acquired respiratory infections, were typed using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. ten different patterns were obtained with eric2 primer: 14 isolates had a similar profile representing a single strain. within rapd types, isolates could be further classified based on their antibiogram; however, strains of different types had ... | 2001 | 11170782 |
| apoptotic cell death induced by acinetobacter baumannii in epithelial cells through caspase-3 activation. | epithelial cell death induced by acinetobacter baumannii infection was investigated using in vitro assays. eight hours after live a. baumannii infection, hela cells exhibited detachment from the dish, rounding morphologies, high proportions of trypan blue-positive cells and extensive dna breakdown with faint apoptotic banding, which is indicative of cells undergoing apoptosis. the enzymatic activity of caspase-3 was increased in cells as early as 2 h after infection. in addition, apoptosis of he ... | 2001 | 11890571 |
| characterization and evolution of anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase from acinetobacter sp. strain adp1. | the two-component anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase of the bacterium acinetobacter sp. strain adp1 was expressed in escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. this enzyme converts anthranilate (2-aminobenzoate) to catechol with insertion of both atoms of o(2) and consumption of one nadh. the terminal oxygenase component formed an alpha(3)beta(3) hexamer of 54- and 19-kda subunits. biochemical analyses demonstrated one rieske-type [2fe-2s] center and one mononuclear nonheme iron center in each larg ... | 2001 | 11114907 |
| arecba is an operon in acinetobacter sp. strain adp1 and is controlled by arer, a sigma(54)-dependent regulator. | the arecba genes in acinetobacter sp. strain adp1, determining growth on benzyl alkanoates, are shown to be transcribed as a single operon and regulated by arer, which encodes a regulatory protein of the ntrc/xylr family. assays of the are enzymes and of two insertions of lacz as a reporter gene have shown that the operon is induced by benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, and benzaldehyde, as well as 2- and 4-hydroxybenzyl acetates and benzyl propionate and butyrate. two adjacent sites of transcripti ... | 2001 | 11114944 |
| evaluation of current activities of fluoroquinolones against gram-negative bacilli using centralized in vitro testing and electronic surveillance. | given the propensity for enterobacteriaceae and clinically significant nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli to acquire antimicrobial resistance, consistent surveillance of the activities of agents commonly prescribed to treat infections arising from these organisms is imperative. this study determined the activities of two fluoroquinolones, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, and seven comparative agents against recent clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter b ... | 2001 | 11120976 |
| polymyxin b-resistant acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate susceptible to recombinant bpi and cecropin p1. | 2001 | 16557680 | |
| prospective randomized trial of two wound management strategies for dirty abdominal wounds. | to determine the optimal method of wound closure for dirty abdominal wounds. | 2001 | 11224630 |
| ability of the microscan rapid gram-negative id type 3 panel to identify nonenteric glucose-fermenting and nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli. | the microscan rapid neg id3 panel is designed for the identification of enterobacteriaceae and nonenteric glucose-fermenting and nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli. we evaluated this panel for its ability to identify gram-negative non-enterobacteriaceae bacteria. a total of 134 strains, representing 26 genera and 42 species, were taken from storage at -70(o)c, passaged three times before testing, and inoculated into the panels according to the manufacturer's directions before being inserted int ... | 2002 | 12354875 |
| antibiotic resistance pattern in uropathogens. | uropathogenic strains from inpatient and outpatient departments were studied from april 1997 to march 1999 for their susceptibility profiles. the various isolates were escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis, acinetobacter baumanii and enterococcus faecalis. antibiotic susceptibility pattern of these isolates revealed that for outpatients, first generation cephalosporins, nitrofurantoin, norfloxacin/ciprofloxacin were effective for treatment of urinary ... | 2002 | 17657041 |
| antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative isolates from european intensive care units: data from the meropenem yearly susceptibility test information collection (mystic) programme. | susceptibility data were collected for 6243 gram-negative isolates from 29 european icus participating in the meropenem yearly susceptibility test information collection (mystic) programme (1997-2000). the most commonly isolated bacteria were pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.5%), escherichia coli (19.8%), klebsiella pneumoniae (10.4%), and enterobacter cloacae (7.7%). the incidence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producers was higher in turkish, russian and italian icus (27.9-39.6%) than in other ... | 2002 | 11892895 |
| the cost of antibiotic resistance: effect of resistance among staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, acinetobacter baumannii, and pseudmonas aeruginosa on length of hospital stay. | to assess the effect of antimicrobial resistance on length of hospital stay, a case-control study compared infections due to four nosocomial pathogens. significantly increased lengths of stay were associated with infections due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae, and carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii or pseudomonas aeruginosa. infections with resistant pathogens are associated with prolonged hospitalization. | 2002 | 11893146 |
| current status of antimicrobial resistance in taiwan. | while some trends in antimicrobial resistance rates are universal, others appear to be unique for specific regions. in taiwan, the strikingly high prevalence of resistance to macrolides and streptogramin in clinical isolates of gram-positive bacteria correlates with the widespread use of these agents in the medical and farming communities, respectively. the relatively low rate of enterococci that are resistant to glycopeptide does not parallel the high use of glycopeptides and extended-spectrum ... | 2002 | 11897063 |
| bla(vim-2) cassette-containing novel integrons in metallo-beta-lactamase-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas putida isolates disseminated in a korean hospital. | we investigated the phenotypic and genetic properties of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing pseudomonas isolates collected at a tertiary-care hospital in korea since 1995. the prevalence of imipenem resistance among pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates reached 16% in 1997, when 9% of the resistant organisms were found to produce vim-2 beta-lactamase, a class b enzyme previously found only in p. aeruginosa isolates from europe. vim-2-producing isolates of pseudomonas putida were also detected. resistanc ... | 2002 | 11897589 |
| effect of an efflux pump inhibitor on the mic of nalidixic acid for acinetobacter baumannii and stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates. | 2002 | 11909848 | |
| how many nosocomial infections are associated with cross-transmission? a prospective cohort study in a surgical intensive care unit. | to determine the percentage of cross-transmissions in an intensive care unit (icu) with high nosocomial infection (ni) rates according to the data of the german nosocomial infection surveillance system. | 2002 | 11918116 |
| recent developments in carbapenems. | carbapenems are beta-lactam antibiotics characterised by the presence of a beta-lactam ring with a carbon instead of sulfone in the 4-position of the thyazolidinic moiety. the first carbapenem to be utilised in therapy was imipenem, the n-formimidoyl derivative of thienamycin. imipenem is coadministered with cilastatin, an inhibitor of human renal dehydropeptidase i, as imipenem is hydrolysed by this enzyme. meropenem was the first carbapenem with a 1-beta-methyl group and 2-thio pyrrolidinyl mo ... | 2002 | 11922861 |
| community-acquired acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia in adult patients in taiwan. | we determined the clinical and microbiologic characteristics of community-acquired acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia in 19 adult patients. we found that malignancy was the most frequent underlying disease. the overall mortality rate was 58%. all 14 available isolates were identified as genomic species 2 (a. baumannii) by 16s ribosomal dna sequencing and were found to be genetically distinct by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | 2002 | 11923388 |
| nontraditional dosing of ampicillin-sulbactam for multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii meningitis. | a 52-year-old man was admitted to a local hospital with headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, photophobia, and confusion after a sudden fall. progressive changes in neurologic function were noted despite neurosurgical intervention and broad-spectrum antimicrobial coverage. cerebral spinal fluid (csf) culture identified acinetobacter baumannii that was resistant to traditionally recommended therapies of amikacin and imipenem-cilastatin. the organism demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentrations ... | 2002 | 11939689 |
| gastritis and hypergastrinemia due to acinetobacter lwoffii in mice. | in mouse models and humans, helicobacter pylori is associated with an increase in serum gastrin and gastrin-expressing (g) cells with a concomitant decrease in somatostatin-expressing d cells. inflammation of the gastric mucosa can progress to metaplastic changes in the stomach and to decreased colonization by h. pylori and increased colonization by non-h. pylori organisms. in addition, about 20% of individuals with chronic gastritis are h. pylori negative, suggesting that other organisms may in ... | 2002 | 11953405 |
| cerebrospinal fluid penetration and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters of intravenously administered colistin in a case of multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii meningitis. | described here is a case of meningitis caused by multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii susceptible only to colistin, which was treated successfully with intravenous colistin sulfomethate sodium (5 mg/kg/day). the levels of colistin in serum and cerebrospinal fluid and the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters of colistin were determined. in this case, intravenously administered colistin penetrated cerebrospinal fluid (25% of serum levels) at levels sustaining bactericidal concentratio ... | 2002 | 11957024 |
| origin and evolution of the ampc beta-lactamases of citrobacter freundii. | to determine whether the widespread clinical use of beta-lactams has been selective for citrobacter freundii-derived alleles of plasmid ampc genes, we generated a bayesian consensus phylogeny of the published ampc sequences and compared the mics of 16 beta-lactam antibiotics for escherichia coli strains containing cloned copies of the c. freundii ampc alleles. we found that for the majority of compounds investigated, there has been essentially no increase in beta-lactam resistance conferred by t ... | 2002 | 11959544 |
| characterization and movement of the class 1 integron known as tn2521 and tn1405. | two putative transposons, tn2521 and tn1405, carrying determinants for the pse-4 beta-lactamase and for resistance to streptomycin, spectinomycin, and sulfonamides were previously isolated from the chromosome of pseudomonas aeruginosa dalgleish. detailed mapping and determination of the complete sequence of tn2521 revealed that it is a class 1 integron, here renamed in33, with a backbone structure identical to that of in4 from tn1696. in33 contains two gene cassettes, blap1 and aada1, replacing ... | 2002 | 11959558 |
| [monitoring the incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in microbiology laboratories using bacterio software]. | since 1997, the microbiology laboratory of the hospital center in lens has monitored hospital ecology and epidemiology to provide rapid information that help to adapt probabilistic antibiotherapy and to estimate the impact of hygienic preventive measures on the incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria (mrb). | 2002 | 11963375 |
| candida dubliniensis infection, singapore. | 2002 | 11971784 | |
| [post-marketing surveillance of antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates--ii. gram-negative bacteria]. | as a post-marketing surveillance, the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, penicillins, monobactams, and carbapenems. changes in czop susceptibility for the bacteria were also evaluated with the bacterial resistance ratio calculated with the breakpoint mic. twenty-five species (3,362 strains) of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the clinica ... | 2002 | 11977920 |
| corneal ulcer of the side port after phacoemulsification induced by acinetobacter baumannii. | a 75-year-old man had clear corneal phacoemulsification using a temporal approach in the left eye. two months after surgery, a focal corneal epithelial defect developed with infiltration near the lower limbus on the site of the side-port incision. the culture of corneal scrapping grew acinetobacter baumannii, which is resistant to most ordinary antibiotics in sensitivity tests. after appropriate antibiotic treatment, the ulcer healed gradually with vessel ingrowth. acinetobacter baumannii is usu ... | 2002 | 11978475 |
| [prevalance of nosocomial infections in tetraplegic upper extremity surgery. prospective study of twenty patients]. | many risk factors of nosocomial infection may be met with tetraplegic patients. the objective of this work was to study the prevalence of colonization by 3 multiresistants bacteria (methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), klebsiella pneumoniae with widened spectrum beta lactamase or multi-resistant acinetobacter baumannii) on this population. | 2002 | 11980347 |
| molecular characterization of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing acinetobacter baumannii and acinetobacter genomospecies 3 from korea: identification of two new integrons carrying the bla(vim-2) gene cassettes. | carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter spp. used to be rare, but are increasingly isolated in korea. among 28 isolates of imipenem-resistant acinetobacter spp. found in a korean hospital in 1998 and 1999, 14 produced metallo-beta-lactamases. the bla(vim-2) gene was detected, by pcr, in 11 and two isolates of acinetobacter baumannii and acinetobacter genomospecies 3, respectively, and bla(imp-1) in one isolate of a. baumannii. the mics of imipenem for the isolates were 8-32 mg/l. pfge analysis of sma ... | 2002 | 12003980 |
| comparative studies of the acinetobacter genus and the species identification method based on the reca sequences. | the reca gene is indispensable for a maintaining and diversification of the bacterial genetic material. given its important role in ensuring cell viability, it is not surprising that the reca protein is both ubiquitous and well conserved among a range of prokaryotes. previously, we reported acinetobacter genomic species identification method based on pcr amplification of an internal fragment of the reca gene with subsequent restriction analysis (rflp) with hinfi and mboi enzymes. in present stud ... | 2002 | 12005442 |
| [incidence of colonization and infection by acinetobacter baumannii in an endemic seting (icu). analysis of risk factors by means of a surveillance study]. | our icu has witnessed a gradual increase in infections due to acinetobacter baumannii complex that has reached a level of stable endemia since 1995. this situation, aggravated by a high degree of resistance, has led to the present prospective study, designed to establish the incidence of acinetobacter colonization and to investigate the role of risk factors and their relation to environmental colonization. | 2002 | 12006255 |
| molecular epidemiology of nosocomial infection associated with multi-resistant acinetobacter baumannii by infrequent-restriction-site pcr. | acinetobacter baumannii was considered endemic in a university-affiliated tertiary hospital. a significant increase was noted in the proportion of nosocomial infections associated with this micro-organism from 1996 to 1999, although no apparent clusters could be found. between july 1998 and february 2000, 58 nosocomial isolates of a. baumannii were collected and characterized by antibiotyping and a genotyping method, infrequent-restriction-site pcr (irs-pcr). high resistance to the 14 antimicrob ... | 2002 | 12009817 |
| hospital-acquired infections following the 1999 marmara earthquake. | in this study, medical records of all casualties admitted to our hospital following the marmara earthquake, which struck northwest turkey and resulted in the destruction of several towns in the marmara region, were evaluated retrospectively. the time buried under the rubble, demographic data, type of medical and surgical therapies performed, type of injury and data on infection were analysed. between 17 august and 25 september 1999, 630 trauma victims were received at our hospital and 532 (84%) ... | 2002 | 12009820 |
| 3: community-acquired pneumonia. | community-acquired pneumonia is caused by a range of organisms, most commonly streptococcus pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae and respiratory viruses. chest x-ray is required for diagnosis. a risk score based on patient age, coexisting illness, physical signs and results of investigations can aid management decisions. patients at low risk can usually be managed with oral antibiotics at home, while those at higher risk should be further assessed, and may need admission to ho ... | 2002 | 12013330 |
| activity of novispirin g10 against pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and in infected burns. | the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes has serious implications for managing infection and sepsis and has stimulated efforts to develop alternative treatments, such as antimicrobial peptides. the objective of this study was to test a designer peptide, novispirin g10, against multidrug-resistant microorganisms. by two-stage radial diffusion assays, its activity against such organisms compared favorably with that of standard antibiotics and other antimicrobial peptides. it killed bacteria v ... | 2002 | 12019098 |
| efficacy of colistin versus beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and rifampin as monotherapy in a mouse model of pneumonia caused by multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii. | the treatment of life-threatening infections due to carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii has become a serious challenge for physicians worldwide. often, only colistin shows in general good in vitro activity against these carbapenem-resistant strains, but its antibacterial efficacy in comparison with the antibiotics most used in clinical practice is not well known. we studied the efficacy of colistin versus those of imipenem, sulbactam, tobramycin, and rifampin in an experimental pneumoni ... | 2002 | 12019113 |
| chromosome-encoded class d beta-lactamase oxa-23 in proteus mirabilis. | ten nonrepetitive proteus mirabilis isolates, which were collected over 4 years (1996 to 1999) at the teaching hospital of clermont-ferrand, france, produced class d carbapenemase oxa-23. mics of imipenem were 0.25 to 0.5 microg/ml for these clinical isolates. molecular typing revealed that the 10 p. mirabilis isolates originated from the same clonal strain. hybridization of i-ceui-generated chromosome fragments with a bla(oxa-23) probe showed that the gene was chromosome encoded in the p. mirab ... | 2002 | 12019126 |
| an outbreak due to multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii in a burn unit: risk factors for acquisition and management. | to describe the investigation and management of an outbreak due to multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii and to determine risk factors for acquisition of the organism. | 2002 | 12026151 |
| effects of antibiotics on protected specimen brush sampling in ventilator-associated pneumonia. | the effects of antibiotic treatment on the results of protected specimen brushing (psb) in ventilator-associated pneumonia were prospectively assessed by performing this procedure before antibiotic treatment, and 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after initiation of antibiotic treatment, in 35 ventilated patients who developed pneumonia during mechanical ventilation. the number of micro-organisms isolated, their concentration (colony-forming units (cfu) ml(-1)), and the number of cases with a positive psb (> ... | 2002 | 12030737 |
| characterization of unusual bacteria isolated from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis patients and description of inquilinus limosus gen. nov., sp. nov. | using a polyphasic approach (including cellular protein and fatty acid analysis, biochemical characterization, 16s ribosomal dna sequencing, and dna-dna hybridizations), we characterized 51 bacterial isolates recovered from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. our analyses showed that 24 isolates belong to taxa that have so far not (or only rarely) been reported from cf patients. these taxa include acinetobacter sp., bordetella hinzii, burkholderia fungorum, comamonas testost ... | 2002 | 12037065 |
| [etiology of hospital-acquired infections in spanish hospitals (epine, 1990-1999)]. | clinical and demographic characteristics of patients, their interaction with pathogens and antimicrobial therapies are prompting changes in the epidemiology of hospital-acquired infections (hi). the knowledge of the etiology of hospital-acquired infections is valuable for the treatment of infected patients and for the prevention of hi.patients and method: we analyzed a series of 10 annual prevalence studies during the period 1990-1999 (epine project) in spanish hospitals. estimate of prevalence ... | 2002 | 12049704 |