Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| notes of a slow learner. homelessness in the past decade. | 1993 | 10129107 | |
| aids risk reduction among a multiethnic sample of urban high school students. | to evaluate the effectiveness of a teacher-delivered curriculum in favorably modifying acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)--related knowledge and beliefs, self-efficacy related to aids-preventive actions, and involvement in aids risk behaviors among an eligible population of 1316 new york city high school students. | 1993 | 8336374 |
| james ewing (1866-1943): "the chief". | "it is a growing conviction that to know cancer in man, one must study the disease most carefully in the human subject. personally, i do not look for any startling advances or sensational discoveries, since it is much more likely that a steady reduction in the mortality from cancer will come chiefly from a large number of separate factors, of which the most significant appear to be increased control of the conditions leading to cancer, more general recognition of the preliminary stages of the di ... | 1993 | 8341219 |
| breast and cervical cancer screening of poor, elderly, black women: clinical results and implications. harlem study team. | our objective is to describe the clinical findings from a nurse-practitioner-based breast and cervical cancer screening program for poor, elderly, black women. we designed a cross-sectional descriptive study set at an urban public hospital medical clinic. all women 65 years of age and older were eligible to be screened. we measured these main outcomes: rates of participation, abnormal tests, and neoplasia. women were offered screening during a routine visit. of 689 women, 491 (71%) participated. ... | 1993 | 8347363 |
| tuberculosis symposium: emerging problems and promise. | between 1985 and 1991, 39,000 cases of tuberculosis occurred in excess of those expected based on previous trends. immigration from high-prevalence countries, coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and outbreaks in congregative facilities are most responsible for the increase. coincident with the increase in tuberculosis, outbreaks of multidrug resistant (mdr) tuberculosis have occurred. clinical and epidemiologic data support nosocomial transmission. mdr tuberculosis occurred late ... | 1993 | 8354898 |
| survival and mortality patterns of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) cohort in new york state. | the survival experience and causes of death of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients were studied using a cohort of 3,699 aids patients in new york state, excluding new york city, whose illness was diagnosed before january 1990 at age 13 years or older. the median length of survival for all cases was 11.5 months, and survival increased over time from 5.3 months pre-1984 to 9.3 months in 1984-1986 and to 13.2 months in 1987-1989. in a cox proportional hazards model, risk of dying was ... | 1993 | 8356973 |
| relative importance of bird species as hosts for immature ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) in a suburban residential landscape of southern new york state. | abundance of birds and their tick parasites were estimated in a residential community located in westchester county, ny, where lyme disease is endemic. in total, 36 bird species (416 captures) were collected, of which 25 species (69%) were parasitized by ticks. ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin composed 96.4% of the 1,067 ticks found on birds. the bird species most heavily parasitized was house wren, troglodytes aedon vieillot (11.1 ixodes dammini per bird). relative density es ... | 1993 | 8360897 |
| the distribution of canine exposure to borrelia burgdorferi in a lyme-disease endemic area. | a serosurvey of canine exposure to borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of human lyme disease, was conducted in westchester county, new york, to determine the distribution of exposure in an area endemic for lyme disease. | 1993 | 8363007 |
| cancer incidence trends in women at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. | to determine the types and rates of tumors which may be associated with hiv infection in women, we used cancer incidence data from new york and northern new jersey. we examined changes in incidence of selected cancers in women aged 20-49 years and compared groups differing in incidence of aids. black women were compared to white women in new york city and in the remainder of new york state; for cervical cancer, rates were also compared for blacks and whites in northern new jersey. the incidence ... | 1993 | 8370617 |
| the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in new york city. | in the past decade the incidence of tuberculosis has increased nationwide and more than doubled in new york city, where there have been recent nosocomial outbreaks of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. | 1993 | 8381207 |
| utilization of on-site primary care services by hiv-seropositive and seronegative drug users in a methadone maintenance program. | the feasibility of on-site primary care services and their use by human immunodeficiency virus hiv-seropositive and seronegative injecting drug users within an outpatient methadone maintenance program are examined. a 16-month prospective study was conducted within an ongoing cohort study of hiv infection at a new york city methadone program with on-site primary care services. the study group consisted of 212 seropositive and 264 seronegative drug injectors. a computerized medical encounter data ... | 1993 | 8393579 |
| a performance-based incentive program for influenza immunization in the elderly. | our objective was to implement and evaluate performance-based reimbursement for influenza immunization of the elderly in physician offices. we performed a community-based quasi-experiment with historic and concurrent comparisons, using primary care physician offices in monroe county, new york. participants in the intervention group included 53 primary care physicians admitting to one hospital, and the comparison group included 82 primary care physicians admitting to other hospitals. all physicia ... | 1993 | 8398226 |
| age at aids diagnosis for children with perinatally acquired hiv. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) can be transmitted from mother to child in utero, during birth, or after birth through breast milk. while the majority of children born to hiv-positive mothers are not infected, almost all carry maternal antibodies. the number of maternal or perinatal exposures can be determined by screening all newborns for these antibodies, while maintaining the anonymity of mother and child. combining newborn screening results with traditional surveillance data from new ... | 1993 | 8410670 |
| pleurodynia among football players at a high school. an outbreak associated with coxsackievirus b1. | enteroviral outbreaks involving athletic teams have been described, although the mode of transmission has been unclear. in september 1991, an outbreak of pleurodynia among high school football players provided an opportunity to identify possible modes of transmission. | 1993 | 8411604 |
| human rabies--new york, 1993. | in august 1993, a fatal case of human rabies in an 11-year-old girl was reported to the new york state department of health; this was the first indigenously acquired fatal case diagnosed in new york in 39 years. this report summarizes the investigation of this case. | 1993 | 8413167 |
| human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity in adolescents with syphilis. | the purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection among inner-city, minority group adolescents. | 1993 | 8414857 |
| the risk of exposure of third-year surgical clerks to human immunodeficiency virus in the operating room. | the exposure of third-year medical students to blood and blood products in the operating room was assessed with a questionnaire distributed at the end of their clerkship in surgery. sixty-six (68%) of ninety-seven students reported having been exposed to blood in the operating room during their 3-month rotation in surgery. during the year there was a decrease in the exposure rate that correlated with the students' knowledge of universal precautions (r = .96). consistent with this observation was ... | 1993 | 8418778 |
| ethical and social issues in organ procurement for transplantation. | 1993 | 8429950 | |
| hla-dq associations distinguish insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive variants of niddm in black americans. | niddm in black americans exists as two variants: one with a primary defect in insulin action (insulin-resistant variant) and the other with normal insulin action and a primary defect in insulin secretion (insulin-sensitive variant). the objective of this study was to determine whether these two variants were genetically distinct from each other and from normal control subjects as determined by hla typing. | 1993 | 8432213 |
| canine exposure to borrelia burgdorferi and prevalence of ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) on deer as a measure of lyme disease risk in the northeastern united states. | surveillance programs that identify areas where both the vector (ixodes dammini) and etiologic agent (borrelia burgdorferi) are present may identify the risk of lyme disease and its spread earlier and more accurately than do programs relying on any single method, particularly human case reports. hunter-killed deer (n = 1,204) from 22 counties in maryland, massachusetts, new hampshire, new york, and pennsylvania were examined in fall 1989 and all ectoparasites were identified. the following sprin ... | 1993 | 8433324 |
| the underrecognition of hiv infection in women in an inner-city emergency room. | this study analyzed the recognition of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and associated factors in women and men attending an emergency room in the bronx, new york, ny. | 1993 | 8438973 |
| bronchogenic carcinoma in young patients at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | several case reports have suggested that bronchogenic carcinoma occurs more frequently in young patients who are human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositive. we investigated the incidence of bronchogenic carcinoma and its clinical presentations in young patients at risk for hiv infection. the tumor registry of bellevue hospital was reviewed, and 261 cases of bronchogenic carcinoma during the period from 1976 to 1979 (pre-aids period) and 232 during the period from 1987 to 1990 (aids period) ... | 1993 | 8449082 |
| effects of aids-related bereavement and hiv-related illness on psychological distress among gay men: a 7-year longitudinal study, 1985-1991. | in this study we examined the influence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related bereavement on psychological distress from 1985 through 1991. we predicted that this relation would be influenced by personal knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and symptoms consistent with hiv-related illness. interview data collected each year on a cohort of 746 gay men included information on the deaths and illnesses of network members caused by aids, as well as on psychological ... | 1993 | 8450113 |
| trends in the first ten years of aids in new york city. the new york city department of health aids surveillance team. | with over 37,000 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) reported by the end of 1991, new york city had reported nearly 20% of all us cases in the first decade of the aids epidemic. this report examines cases diagnosed through 1990 and reported through 1991 to describe rates and trends in the affected subpopulations. case data were collected by the new york city department of health aids surveillance team, using a format standardized by the federal centers for disease control. deaths ... | 1993 | 8452116 |
| depressive symptoms in blood donors notified of hiv infection. | understanding more about the psychological state of persons notified of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is critical for designing notification and counseling programs that will have the most positive effect. | 1993 | 8460730 |
| prevalence of hiv infection among psychiatric patients in a new york city men's shelter. | we report on the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection among psychiatric patients in a new york city shelter for homeless men. we reviewed the records of all 90 men discharged from the shelter psychiatry program to community housing over a 2-year period. hiv serostatus was recorded for 62 of the 90 men. of these 62, 12 (19.4%) were positive. there were 28 men whose serostatus was not recorded. data on the hiv risk behaviors of these 28 men suggested that seroprevalence could ... | 1993 | 8460736 |
| human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents: the first 50 patients in a new york city program. | to address the unique manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among adolescents aged 13 through 21 years, a comprehensive evaluation and treatment program for high-risk and hiv-positive adolescents was developed in new york city in 1987. among hiv-infected youth, mean age of testing was 18.2 years. one third of the hiv-positive patients were female and four fifths were african-american or hispanic. no significant differences were found between hiv-positive (n = 50) and hiv-negative ... | 1993 | 8464659 |
| development of the new york state nutrition surveillance program. | new york state established a nutrition surveillance program (nsp) in 1984. precedents for the program included the pediatric nutrition surveillance system of the public health service's centers for disease control and prevention and periodic food and nutrition surveys conducted by the national center for health statistics and the human nutrition information service, department of agriculture. the first phase of nsp was connected to a new program, the supplemental nutrition assistance program (sn ... | 1993 | 8464981 |
| facilitating support groups for professionals working with people with aids. | social workers, nurses, and other health care professionals who work with people with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) are experiencing burnout from the excessive demands on their energy, strength, and resources. support groups, with their focus on awareness, shared experiences, supportive and helping relationships, and the emotional consequences of working with people with aids, help health care professionals manage stress and enhance their capaci ... | 1993 | 8480244 |
| workplace issues. aids update. | 1993 | 8482396 | |
| epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection among homosexual men participating in hepatitis b vaccine trials in amsterdam, new york city, and san francisco, 1978-1990. | homosexual/bisexual men from amsterdam, the netherlands, new york, new york, and san francisco, california, were entered into trials of the efficacy of hepatitis b vaccine shortly before the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic was recognized (1978-1980). the authors analyzed data, including serial blood samples tested for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) as well as demographic and behavioral information, to characterize the spread of hiv-1 infection within t ... | 1993 | 8484382 |
| new york city's tuberculosis control efforts: the historical limitations of the "war on consumption". | new york city began america's first campaign to control tuberculosis in 1893, and the disease declined until the 1970s. throughout the 20th century, new york relied on three control strategies: screening, supervised therapy, and detention of noncompliant persons. officials consistently identified the persistent foci of tuberculosis to be minorities and the poor, and they concentrated efforts among these populations. recently, however, in the setting of rising human immunodeficiency virus infecti ... | 1993 | 8484467 |
| commentary: tuberculosis in new york city--the consequences and lessons of failure. | the resurgent tuberculosis epidemic represents--especially in new york city--a failure to maintain a public health infrastructure that was focused on preventing active disease in high-risk populations (i.e., individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus [hiv]) and on treating active tuberculosis patients until cured. although the tuberculosis problem in new york city and other localities is worsened by homelessness, poverty, and substance abuse, it is possible to bring tuberculosis under con ... | 1993 | 8484468 |
| differences between men and women with hiv-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: experience from 3,070 cases in new york city in 1987. | although women make up the fastest growing group of persons with aids, studies of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected persons reported to date have included predominantly or exclusively men. we evaluated sex differences in sociodemographic characteristics, hospital characteristics, in-hospital resource use, and short-term mortality rates for 2,526 men and 544 women admitted for their first-episode of hiv-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in new york city in 1987. compared with ... | 1993 | 8496791 |
| locational returns to human capital: minority access to suburban community resources. | the suburbanization of racial and ethnic minorities is analyzed in terms of the locational resources provided by their communities of residence. in suburbs in the new york cmsa, non-hispanic whites and asians, on average, live in communities with higher average socioeconomic status, while hispanics and blacks live in the less desirable suburbs. models predicting suburban socioeconomic status for each racial/ethnic group show that whites and hispanics receive consistent returns on income, accultu ... | 1993 | 8500639 |
| hiv infection as leading cause of death among young adults in us cities and states. | to describe the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has become the leading cause of death among young adults (25 to 44 years of age) in us states and cities of at least 100,000 population. | 1993 | 8501840 |
| hiv prevention through case management for hiv-infected persons--selected sites, united states, 1989-1992. | transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection can be prevented through hiv-prevention case management--a one-on-one client service specifically designed to assist hiv-infected persons in receiving services that will prevent or reduce behaviors that result in further spread of the virus, delay the onset of symptomatic hiv disease, and improve the client's health status. this approach enables hiv-infected persons to enter a stable, ongoing medical-care system and supports prevention ... | 1993 | 8502220 |
| a flexible information management system. better information management means increased productivity. | while the finite details and program listings have been purposely excluded, the system described in the preceding text provides the basis for a relatively inexpensive equipment management system. the biomedical engineering department at rochester general hospital has utilized this system to increase productivity levels by nearly 15% since implementation in early 1990. with a seven-member technical staff this increase in productivity translated into the addition of approximately 2,100 man-hours i ... | 1993 | 8513384 |
| project connect: an interagency partnership to confront new challenges facing at-risk women and children in new york city. | project connect is a new york state--new york city collaborative venture to facilitate access to, coordinate and expand the delivery of health and human services, during the perinatal period to women and children in the three areas of new york city with the highest rates of morbidity and mortality. based on the concept of comprehensive case management, connect coordinates diverse providers around existing resources. services implemented by community-based case managers for families in need inclu ... | 1993 | 8514908 |
| preventing hiv transmission: behavior and attitudes of medical house staff in a high-prevalence area. | our objective was to evaluate human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) risk-factor assessment and counseling behavior in 86 medical house staff and to ascertain the effect of question format (closed versus open) on reported physician behaviors. we designed a cross-sectional survey using a self-report questionnaire; we received 78 returns of 86 questionnaires (91% response) from one-year and three-year medical housestaff at two general medical clinics in a university-affiliated bronx municipal hospital ... | 1993 | 8257620 |
| anesthesia for the homeless. | healthcare for the homeless is often crisis-oriented and fragmented. homelessness may be associated with ongoing healthcare problems such as tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), and substance abuse. the purpose of this study was to identify the anesthesia services required by homeless individuals from an urban area. the anesthesia records of all individuals (n = 40) identified as being homeless and receiving care at one new york city medic ... | 1993 | 8291392 |
| demographic, medical history and sexual correlates of hiv seropositive methadone maintained women. | beginning in january 1989, consecutive female admissions to the artc mmtp clinics in nyc were interviewed about their medical, drug, sexual and social experiences during 6 distinct historical years. bloods were drawn and each sample tested for hiv via elisa and western blot analysis. the data for 256 females was analyzed. the sample was predominantly black (56%) and hispanic (36%). fifty-four percent (140) were between the ages of 31 and 40; 35% (91) were between the ages of 18 and 30; and 10% ( ... | 1993 | 8292633 |
| sexual dimorphism of the human corpus callosum from three independent samples: relative size of the corpus callosum. | three independent autopsy samples of brains without apparent neuropathology were studied to ascertain whether there was sexual dimorphism in the human corpus callosum (cc). using planimetric measurements on midsagittal brain sections, several morphometric features of the cc were studied: total callosal area, maximum dorsoventral splenial width, the posterior one fifth of the total area of the cc (mostly splenium), and brain weight. ratio data correcting for brain size were also studied. in all s ... | 1993 | 8296877 |
| aids-related reasons for gay men's adoption of celibacy. | since it was first recognized that human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection could be sexually transmitted, celibacy has been advocated by some as the only unequivocally effective adaptation for avoiding the risk of infection. others, however, have countered that few will be willing to be celibate and, further, that such behavior may have adverse psychosocial consequences. as part of a qualitative study of gay men's sexual decision-making in the context of the aids/hiv epidemic, we identified ... | 1993 | 8297710 |
| a meta-evaluation of nutrition education intervention research among pregnant women. | inadequate nutrition during pregnancy retards human fetal growth and increases the risk of delivering a low birthweight (lbw) infant. some studies place particular emphasis on reducing lbw through improved nutrition. consensus documents have strongly recommended intense nutrition education programs for patients at risk. despite this well-defined need few methodologically rigorous studies have been conducted to evaluate the behavioral impact of nutrition education for pregnant patients. criteria ... | 1993 | 8307758 |
| rabies surveillance in the united states during 1992. | in 1992, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 8,644 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 1 case in a human being to the centers for disease control and prevention. almost 92% (7,912 cases) were wild animals, the largest number of wild animals ever reported, whereas 8.5% (732 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases increased 23.9% over that of 1991 (6,975 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of rabies in raccoons. t ... | 1993 | 8307825 |
| insight into the infection dynamics of the aids epidemic: a birth cohort analysis of new york city aids mortality. | the authors analyzed the secular trends of new york city acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) mortality from 1980 through the first quarter of 1991 using birth cohort techniques to provide insight into reasons for temporal changes in growth of the epidemic. by disaggregating aids mortality data into composite birth cohorts, the authors determined that the slowing in the growth of the epidemic is a result of a leveling or decline in aids deaths in male birth cohorts born before 1950 and a co ... | 1993 | 8266911 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without aids. | in the 1980s, tens of thousands of cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) occurred in persons with aids, making it the most common opportunistic infection encountered in this patient population. thus, the presentation and clinical course of pcp became well-known to many physicians. overshadowed by this epidemic was the continued occurrence of pcp in persons not infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, most notably those receiving immunosuppressive therapy for neoplastic disease or ... | 1993 | 8274607 |
| antibodies to discontinuous or conformationally sensitive epitopes on the gp120 glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are highly prevalent in sera of infected humans. | we have used an indirect-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantitate the reactivity of sera from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-infected humans with native recombinant gp120 (hiv-1 iiib or sf-2) or with the gp120 molecule (iiib or sf-2) denatured by being boiled in the presence of dithiothreitol with or without sodium dodecyl sulfate. denaturation of iiib gp120 reduced the titers of sera from randomly selected donors by at least 100-fold, suggesting that the majority of ... | 1993 | 7678308 |
| independent divergences in the cd4 binding site and v3 loop encoded in two seroprevalent ugandan hiv-1 clinical isolates. | two major epitopes expressed in hiv-1 have been recently shown to play a central role in virus neutralization. one of these important specificities is a type-specific or group-specific, principal neutralizing determinant (pnd) located in the v3 loop of gp120. the other is a more broadly neutralizing determinant associated with the cd4 binding site. structural and serological studies of the variation in these epitopes have become important in vaccine research. this report describes the analysis o ... | 1993 | 7686222 |
| cd4+ t-lymphocyte counts among seronegative heterosexual partners of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | 1993 | 7902867 | |
| exclusion of familial dysautonomia from more than 60% of the genome. | familial dysautonomia (fd) is a recessive neurological disorder that affects the development of the sensory and autonomic nervous system. the gene defect appears to be limited to the ashkenazi jewish population, where the carrier frequency is 1 in 30. one hundred and ninety-one marker loci representing all autosomes were tested for linkage with the fd genetic defect in 23 families. a combination of pairwise and multipoint analyses excluded the fd gene from at least 60% of the autosomal genome. t ... | 1993 | 8093738 |
| tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. a family infection. | to study the epidemiologic and clinical features of infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected children and their families. patients and clinical setting: sixty families of children with hiv infection, children of hiv indeterminate status, and seroreverters underwent follow-up in a comprehensive multidisciplinary program for children and families. | 1993 | 8094939 |
| mapping the gene causing x-linked recessive nephrolithiasis to xp11.22 by linkage studies. | x-linked recessive nephrolithiasis is associated with kidney stones and renal tubular dysfunction in childhood progressing to renal failure in adulthood. the primary defect causing this renal tubular disorder is unknown and determining the chromosomal location of the mutant gene would represent an important step toward defining the biochemical basis. we have performed linkage studies in 102 members (10 affected males, 47 unaffected males, 15 obligate heterozygote females, and 30 unaffected femal ... | 1993 | 8099916 |
| correlates of the rate of decline of cd4+ lymphocytes among injection drug users infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | changes in the level of cd4-bearing t-lymphocytes in injection drug users infected with the human immunodeficiency virus were evaluated in a sample of 318 subjects enrolled from a methadone program in the bronx, new york, from 1985 through 1989. follow-up continued through 1990. the percentage of cd4+ t-lymphocytes (cd4%) was used to maximize the stability of measurements. the rate of decline of the cd4% was determined using a random-effects assumption, and predictors of rate of decline were eva ... | 1993 | 8100395 |
| transmission of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis among persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection in an urban hospital: epidemiologic and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | from january 1990 to december 1991, 16 patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid, rifampin, and streptomycin were diagnosed at elmhurst hospital. compared with other tb patients, mdr-tb patients were more likely to have human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection (14/16 vs. 21/204, p < .001) and a prior admission (10/16 vs. 3/204, p < .001). hiv-infected patients hospitalized for > 10 days within three rooms of an infecti ... | 1993 | 8104226 |
| a prospective four-year follow-up of neuropsychological function in hiv seropositive and seronegative methadone-maintained patients. | the evolution of central nervous system (cns) impairments associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection was assessed by a prospective, longitudinal study of patients in a methadone maintenance clinic. at a mean of 47 months after baseline testing, which included physical exams, hiv antibody testing and a neuropsychological (np) screening battery, 121 subjects received a second np assessment. forty subjects (33%) who were seropositive at baseline showed statistically significant de ... | 1993 | 8112557 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. human rabies--new york, 1993. | 1993 | 8133602 | |
| health risks from contaminated water: do class and race matter? | the impact of contaminants in water on minorities and economically disadvantaged persons was reviewed. environmental legislation governing water was summarized as background information against which relevant studies were evaluated. the majority of the available information was anecdotal or case study and did not lend itself to making quantitative comparisons or analyses. however, the data did present certain trends that led to the conclusion that inequities concerning exposure to contaminants i ... | 1993 | 8184447 |
| hiv-1 seroprevalence and risk behaviors in an urban african-american community cohort. | previous attempts at obtaining population estimates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) seroprevalence have been beset by problems of cooperation bias. as part of the fourth round of study with an urban african-american community cohort, the following investigation was aimed at assessing hiv-1 prevalence and the relative importance of sex and drug injection as risk factors in infection. | 1993 | 8214226 |
| echovirus type 30 infection associated with aseptic meningitis in nassau county, new york, usa. | an outbreak of echovirus type 30, primarily affecting infant under 1 year old, was documented in nassau county, n.y., usa. twenty-four of the 40 infected patients were definitively diagnosed with aseptic meningitis. a positive correlation was found between the proportion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the overall cerebrospinal fluid white cell count. | 1993 | 8225911 |
| screening for human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted diseases in an inner-city colposcopy clinic. | among patients attending an inner-city colposcopy clinic, the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis was 22/375 (5.0%), neisseria gonorrhoeae, 3/375 (0.8%), and seropositivity for syphilis, 10/375 (2.7%). in addition, 13/261 (5.0%) of asymptomatic women agreeing to voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) antibody screening were hiv-1 seropositive. our data support incorporating screening for and education on sexually transmitted diseases and hiv into the work of our colposcopy clinic. | 1993 | 8232380 |
| harvey lincoff, noted ophthalmologist and surgeon, receives man of the year award. | 1993 | 8235103 | |
| medicaid and health reform: the case of new york. | new york state has the largest, most expensive state medicaid program in the country. thus, an examination of its medicaid program can offer valuable lessons for other states that are considering reform of their health systems, as well as for reform at a nationwide level. much recent growth in medicaid in new york stems from shifting state-funded human service programs onto medicaid and shifting the state's share of medicaid onto nontraditional revenue sources. in contrast to other states, in wh ... | 1993 | 8244250 |
| tuberculosis in a correctional facility. | after the identification of five suspected cases of tuberculosis (tb) in a nassau county (new york) jail during a 3-week period, an epidemiologic investigation was begun to document the number of cases of tb infection and disease associated with the jail, the characteristics of current or former inmates with tb disease, and the factors contributing to tb transmission in the jail. | 1993 | 8250665 |
| clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of mycobacterium haemophilum, an emerging pathogen in immunocompromised patients. | to describe 13 infections caused by mycobacterium haemophilum. | 1994 | 8256970 |
| preparations for aids vaccine trials. retention, behavior change, and hiv-seroconversion among injecting drug users (idus) and sexual partners of idus. | the likelihood that subjects in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) vaccine efficacy trials will alter their behavioral risks for hiv infection over time must be considered in evaluating the feasibility of such trials and in estimating the necessary sample sizes to be enrolled. potential subjects for future vaccine efficacy trials include injecting drug users (idus) and others who may be difficult to retain in studies and who may alter hiv-risk-related behaviors substantially over time. we have i ... | 1994 | 7865302 |
| hiv antibody testing and client retention in the therapeutic community. a preliminary report of phoenix house. | this report describes the current approach to testing for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibody at phoenix house, a large therapeutic community (tc) in the northeastern united states, and presents findings on retention of clients who have been tested for hiv antibodies and notified of their hiv serostatus. a total of 240 clients were tested while in treatment at phoenix house between april 1988 and july 1992. of these, 51 tested hiv positive. an additional 76 clients had tested positiv ... | 1994 | 7869470 |
| chlorinated and brominated dioxins and dibenzofurans in human tissue following exposure. | with substantial improvements in analytic techniques over the past decade, it has become possible to measure polychlorinated dioxins (pcdds) and dibenzofurans (pcdfs) in human tissue in a congener-specific fashion down to the low parts per trillion level. this paper reviews findings using these new techniques from a number of recent medical and environmental case studies. these studies include those of workers exposed to a polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) transformer fire in the united states, ger ... | 1994 | 8187703 |
| resurgence of active tuberculosis among pregnant women. | to determine the frequency of active tuberculosis during pregnancy in two hospitals located in an area where tuberculosis is epidemic and to describe its course and association with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. | 1994 | 8190429 |
| implications of directly observed therapy in tuberculosis control measures among idus. | tuberculosis (tb) is a rapidly growing problem among injecting drug users (idu), especially those infected with human immunodeficiency virus. the authors review idus' responses to current tb control strategies and discuss the implications of their findings for the proposed implementation of directly observed therapy (dot), a method for ensuring that patients take prescribed medication. field workers carried out 210 ethnographic interviews with 68 idus in a brooklyn, ny, community during 1990-93. ... | 1994 | 8190855 |
| hiv education for the deaf, a vulnerable minority. | large numbers of deaf and hard-of-hearing people are in danger of becoming infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the deaf are particularly vulnerable because of language barriers, their unique culture, and the paucity of community services, educational programs, and general information directed to this population. the particular barriers that the deaf must face in learning about hiv protection range from inadequate schooling about human sexuality to the scarcity of locally availa ... | 1994 | 8190862 |
| progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection among homosexual men in hepatitis b vaccine trial cohorts in amsterdam, new york city, and san francisco, 1978-1991. | the authors evaluated the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) disease from the date of seroconversion to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and death among 362 well-documented seroconverters. the participants were homosexual men in hepatitis b vaccine trials in amsterdam (n = 74), new york city (n = 120), and san francisco (n = 168). there were significant differences in the proportion of deaths, mean age at seroconversion, and mean age at aids di ... | 1994 | 8192140 |
| human rabies. new york, 1993. | 1994 | 8193012 | |
| knowledge and practices among injecting-drug users of bleach use for equipment disinfection--new york city, 1993. | sharing (i.e., multiperson use) of drug-injection equipment among injecting-drug users (idus) is a major risk factor in the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and other bloodborne pathogens. abstaining from injection of drugs eliminates this risk; disinfection of needles and syringes with household bleach can reduce this risk. because studies suggest the effectiveness of bleach disinfection may be limited, the march 1993 national institute on drug abuse (nida) community alert bul ... | 1994 | 8202077 |
| bleach use and hiv seroconversion among new york city injection drug users. | we employed a nested case-control study design to evaluate the efficacy of bleach-cleaning of needles and syringes among injecting drug users (idus) as a means of preventing human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. sixteen hiv-seroconverters who responded to bleach use questions and who reported injecting with shared or used equipment in the 6 months prior to their first positive visit were compared with 89 controls. controls had remained hiv-seronegative at two or more visits, reported inj ... | 1994 | 8207647 |
| an enhanced surveillance program for adult t-cell leukemia in central brooklyn. | the brooklyn adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma (atl) study was developed to estimate the incidence of the human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i)-associated atl in the crown heights/bedford stuyvesant community. this central brooklyn black community is an area which has already been shown in earlier reports to be endemic for htlv-i-associated atl. surveillance has been conducted at seven area hospitals that serve this community, with surveillance already completed at five hospitals. potenti ... | 1994 | 8152275 |
| ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) deer tick mesoscale populations in natural areas: effects of deer, area, and location. | nymphal ixodes scapularis say deer ticks were collected at 22 parks or other natural areas on long island, new york, to examine the relationship between tick populations and geographic position, size of area, presence of white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus (zimmerman), and numbers of human lyme disease cases in adjacent communities. nymphal ticks were 93% less abundant when deer were absent and were also less common in smaller natural areas. geographic position on long island was not impor ... | 1994 | 8158618 |
| resection of aortic arch aneurysms using an external shunt. | surgical treatment of aneurysms of the thoracic aorta had its beginnings in the early 1950s. at that time, thoracic aneurysms were usually due to syphilitic infection and were usually fatal. before the development of the heart-lung machine, it was realized that external shunts could facilitate the repair of these aneurysms. in 1954, dr ralph alley and his colleagues at albany medical center reported 2 patients who had surgical correction of thoracic aortic aneurysms using external vascular shunt ... | 1994 | 8166511 |
| hpv detection using "hot start" polymerase chain reaction in patients with oral cancer: a clinicopathological study of 64 patients. | we examined the incidence of human papillomavirus (hpv) in intraoral cancers from 64 patients as determined by the highly sensitive technique of "hot start" polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. polymerase-chain-reaction-amplified hpv dna was detected in the carcinomas of 16 patients (25%). the percentage of men in the hpv-positive (hpv+) group was greater than that in the hpv-negative (hpv-) group (86% versus 68%), but the difference was not statistically ... | 1994 | 7824504 |
| nativity concentration and internal migration among the foreign-born. | are immigrants who live in states where large numbers of their compatriots reside more or less likely to migrate than those who live in other states? using 1980 u.s. census data to address that question, the analysis shows that nativity concentration deters interstate migration but not migration within the same state. residing in a state where fellow nationals live is a more important determinant of internal migration than human capital, immigration status, or a state's unemployment rate. new yo ... | 1994 | 7828769 |
| hans-lukas teuber: a tribute. | hans-lukas teuber (1916-1977) was one of the most influential neuropsychologists of his generation. in the first part of his career he headed the psychophysiology laboratory at the new york university--bellevue medical center. there he and his associates played a major role in establishing human neuropsychology as a rigorous experimental science closely linked to contemporary neurophysiology and experimental psychology. in the second part of his career he founded the department of psychology at ... | 1994 | 7833648 |
| distribution of the latency period for perinatally acquired aids. | in the united states, over 86 per cent of paediatric cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were infected through maternal or perinatal transmission and current estimates suggest that approximately 6000 children are born to infected women each year. in industrialized countries, less than 25 per cent of infants maternally exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are infected. the exact time of infection is unknown. however an endpoint, birth, exists from which the latency per ... | 1994 | 7846408 |
| dioxins in u.s. food and estimated daily intake. | congener-specific analyses for polychlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans were performed on eighteen dairy, meat, and fish samples obtained from a supermarket in upstate new york. dioxin toxic equivalents (teqs) on a whole or wet weight basis for these food samples ranged from 0.02 to 1.5 parts per trillion (ppt). data on american food consumption rates were used to estimate a u.s. range of dioxin intake from food. based on these first congener-specific dioxin analyses of u.s. food, u.s. average ... | 1994 | 7850373 |
| identifying newborn babies who test positive for the human immunodeficiency virus. | 1994 | 7857445 | |
| seroprevalence of human t-lymphotropic virus in blacks from a selected central brooklyn population. | human t-cell leukemia virus type i (htlv-i) has been causally linked to adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis/htlv-i-associated myelopathy. few seroprevalence studies have been carried out in the united states. because of the number of reports of adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis/htlv-i-associated myelopathy in blacks from central brooklyn, new york, we decided to initiate a seroprevalence study in this community. intravenous drug users and ... | 1994 | 7910512 |
| estimation of time since infection using longitudinal disease-marker data. | we propose a method to estimate the usually unknown time since infection for individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). if we assume the time since infection has an exponential prior distribution, then under the model the conditional distribution of time since infection, given the cd4 level at the time of the first positive hiv-1 antibody test, is a truncated normal density. we applied the method to prevalent cohort data both from intravenous drug users and from homos ... | 1994 | 7911249 |
| maturity of human immunodeficiency virus infection and incubation period of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in injecting drug users. | this study was aimed at estimating the maturity of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic in cohorts of injecting drug users with existing hiv infection at the time of first observation, and using this information to estimate the incubation period of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in this population group. the method imputed the "missing" time from seroconversion to first observation for seroprevalent subjects in a combined cohort including injecting drug users from new york ... | 1994 | 7911376 |
| the lived experience of nurses enrolled in the regents college nursing program. | this qualitative research study was undertaken to investigate the experience of being a registered nurse (rn) student enrolled in a specific nontraditional nursing program, ie, regents college nursing program (rcnp), from the perspective of the rcnp baccalaureate graduate. fifteen rn bachelor's of science in nursing (bsn) graduates of rcnp participated in this descriptive phenomenological investigation in which participant interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed phenome ... | 1994 | 7930171 |
| prevalence of human t cell lymphotropic virus (htlv) types i and ii and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections among persons with hansen's disease in new york city. | one-hundred seven consecutive patients attending a new york hansen's disease clinic from november 1990 through june 1991 were tested for retroviruses. this cohort included 58 patients diagnosed with hansen's disease after the onset of the aids epidemic, 54 of whom immigrated to the united states before diagnosis of hansen's disease (median, 7 years). the overall rate (1.9%) of human t cell lymphotropic virus (htlv) type i infection was low. two (3.6%) of 55 caribbean-born patients had polymerase ... | 1994 | 7930695 |
| mono-ortho- and non-ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls in human milk from mohawk and control women: effects of maternal factors and previous lactation. | fifty-four individual human milk samples from 50 mothers (20 mohawks and 30 controls) were analyzed for four non-ortho- and eight mono-ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). mean total coplanar pcbs concentrations were 49 ng/g and 55 ng/g lipid for mohawk and control women, respectively. a statistical evaluation of all analytical data reveals no significant difference of total coplanar pcb level between mohawk and control women. the level of these contaminants is influenced by the a ... | 1994 | 7944559 |
| tuberculosis susceptibility patterns, predictors of multidrug resistance, and implications for initial therapeutic regimens at a new york city hospital. | multidrug resistance has complicated tuberculosis therapy. we studied antibiotic susceptibilities of mycobacterium tuberculosis and predictors of multidrug resistance to assist in determining initial drug regimens. | 1994 | 7944836 |
| cervical neoplasia in women with hiv infection. | hiv infections in women now account for 40% of all hiv infections worldwide, and the majority of new infections are due to heterosexual transmission. in the united states, 12% of aids cases occur in women and in certain high prevalence areas such as brooklyn, new york, 25% of cases are in women. both squamous cell neoplasia of the cervix and hiv infection are, in part, sexually transmitted diseases, with oncogenic types of human papillomavirus infection the implicated viral carcinogen associated ... | 1994 | 7947005 |
| mercury content of small pan fish from new york state waters. | yellow perch (perca flavescens) and pumpkin seed (lepomis gibbosus) were sampled from 16 waters in new york-state and analyzed for total mercury concentration. the levels of mercury in the fish were all well below the safe guideline for human consumption (1 ppm of mercury, fresh weight) of the u.s. food and drug administration. factors affecting the mobility, methylation and absorption of mercury by fish are discussed. | 1994 | 7953472 |
| intersecting epidemics--crack cocaine use and hiv infection among inner-city young adults. multicenter crack cocaine and hiv infection study team. | the smoking of "crack" cocaine is thought to be associated with high-risk sexual practices that accelerate the spread of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). we studied 2323 young adults, 18 to 29 years of age, who smoked crack regularly or who had never smoked crack. the study participants, recruited from the streets of inner-city neighborhoods in new york, miami, and san francisco, were interviewed and tested for hiv. this report presents the findings for the 1967 participant ... | 1994 | 7969281 |
| rickettsialpox in a new york city hospital, 1980 to 1989. | rickettsialpox is caused by rickettsia akari, which is transmitted from rodents to humans by bloodsucking mites. the initial skin lesion forms an eschar and is followed by the development of fever, malaise, myalgia, and 5 to 40 maculopapules and papulovesicles. the disease, which responds to tetracycline, can be mistaken for chickenpox. the diagnosis has been based on an increase in serum antibody titers against r. akari over a period of three to eight weeks. we discuss a more rapid technique th ... | 1994 | 7969341 |
| drug-resistant tuberculosis: etiology, management and prevention. | drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis inevitably arises from inadequate or inappropriate drug taking or drug prescribing, effectively resulting in monotherapy. this may occur in the patient being treated (acquired resistance) or in a patient who has been infected by another patient with drug resistant tuberculosis (primary resistance). there is some evidence that multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, ie, resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin, is increasing in the united states and in other c ... | 1994 | 7973169 |
| transmission of tuberculosis in new york city. an analysis by dna fingerprinting and conventional epidemiologic methods. | the incidence of tuberculosis and drug resistance is increasing in the united states, but it is not clear how much of the increase is due to reactivation of latent infection and how much to recent transmission. | 1994 | 7993412 |
| the epidemiology of bat rabies in new york state, 1988-92. | in 1993 new york and texas each reported a human rabies case traced to a rare variant of rabies virus found in an uncommon species of bat. this study examined the epidemiology of bat rabies in new york state. demographic, species, and animal-contact information for bats submitted for rabies testing from 1988-92 was analysed. the prevalence of rabies in 6810 bats was 4.6%. nearly 90% of the 308 rabid bats identified to species were the common big brown bat (eptesicus fuscus), which comprised 62% ... | 1994 | 7995360 |
| risk factors for squamous intraepithelial lesions on pap smear in women at risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection. | to determine risk factors for squamous intraepithelial lesions (sil) on pap smear, 253 women at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection had pap smear, hiv antibody testing, cd4+ cell measurements, and human papillomavirus (hpv) genome detection by southern blot hybridization. associated with sil (p < .05) on univariate analysis were genital hpv (sil prevalence in hpv-positive subjects, 36.3%; odds ratio [or], 9.3; 95% confidence interval [ci], 4.2-20.3) and hiv infection (sil preva ... | 1994 | 7995978 |