Publications

molecular cloning and cellular localization of a bip homologue in trypanosoma brucei. divergent er retention signals in a lower eukaryote.	using the polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers, three new members of the hsp70 gene family of trypanosoma brucei have been identified. a genomic clone of one of these, ga, has been fully sequenced and the corresponding gene product has been characterized using antibody to recombinant ga fusion protein. ga is the trypanosomal homologue of bip, an endoplasmic reticulum resident hsp70 gene family member, based on four lines of evidence: (1) ga protein has 64% deduced amino acid identit ...	1993	8227199
bay x1005, a new inhibitor of leukotriene synthesis: in vivo inflammation pharmacology and pharmacokinetics.	(r)-2-[4-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)phenyl]-2-cyclopentyl acetic acid) (bay x1005) is an orally active inhibitor of the synthesis of the leukotrienes b4 and c4 in selected animal models that effectively reduces the vascular phenomena of inflammation, i.e., edema formation and leukocyte immigration. the arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear inflammation test allowed the evaluation of the antiedematous effects of bay x1005 after topical (ed50, 18 micrograms/ear) and oral (ed50, 48.7 mg/kg) administration ...	1993	8229782
the function of acyl-coa-binding protein (acbp)/diazepam binding inhibitor (dbi).	acyl-coa-binding protein has been isolated independently by five different groups based on its ability to (1) displace diazepam from the gabaa receptor, (2) affect cell growth, (3) induce medium-chain acyl-coa-ester synthesis, (4) stimulate steroid hormone synthesis, and (5) affect glucose-induced insulin secretion. in this survey evidence is presented to show that acbp is able to act as an intracellular acyl-coa transporter and acyl-coa pool former. the rat acbp genomic gene consists of 4 exons ...	1993	8232254
negative growth selection against rodent fibroblasts targeted for genetic inhibition of farnesyl transferase.	the ras oncoprotein must be modified by farnesyl transferase (ftase) for biological activity. therefore, inhibition of ftase may offer a means to block ras induced cell transformation. to address this hypothesis, we have introduced antisense and dominant inhibitory ftase expression plasmids into a panel of normal, mutant ras-, and mos- transformed rodent fibroblasts in an effort to genetically suppress ftase activity. antisense ftase constructs reduced colony formation efficiency approximately 2 ...	1993	8241019
targeting of bcl-2 to the mitochondrial outer membrane by a cooh-terminal signal anchor sequence.	the protooncogene product bcl-2 is an integral membrane protein that functions as a suppressor of programmed cell death. it contains a single predicted transmembrane segment located at its cooh terminus. here, we show that the transmembrane domain of human bcl-2 functions as a mitochondrial signal anchor sequence that targets and inserts the protein into the outer membrane in an ncyto-c(in) orientation, leaving the bulk of the polypeptide facing the cytosol. deletion of the cooh-terminal 22 amin ...	1993	8244956
comparison of kinetic properties between two mammalian ras p21 gdp/gtp exchange proteins, ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor and smg gdp dissociation stimulation.	the mammalian counterpart of the yeast ras p21 gdp/gtp exchange protein cdc25, ras grf, was expressed in escherichia coli and purified, and its kinetic properties were compared with those of another mammalian ras p21 gdp/gtp exchange protein, smg gds. ras grf was active on ki- and ha-ras p21s but inactive on rap1a p21, rhoa p21, rac1 p21, and rab3a p25, whereas smg gds was active on ki-ras p21, rap1a p21, rhoa p21, and rac1 p21 but inactive on ha-ras p21 and rab3a p25. the kcat values of ras grf ...	1993	8244990
regulated and constitutive activity by cdc25mm (grf), a ras-specific exchange factor.	serum stimulates cells to increase their proportion of ras protein in the active gtp-bound state. we have recently identified four types (i to iv) of apparently full-length cdnas from a single mammalian gene, called cdc25mm or grf, which is homologous to the ras-specific exchange factor cdc25 of s. cerevisiae. the largest cdna (type iv) is brain specific, with the other three classes, although they have distinct 5' ends, essentially representing progressive n-terminal deletions of this cdna. whe ...	1993	8246988
evolution of allosteric control in glycogen phosphorylase.	in relation to the primary sequence and three-dimensional structure of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase, we have carried out a comparative sequence analysis of phosphorylases from human, rat, dictyostelium, yeast, potato and escherichia coli. based on sequence similarity, a large region of the protein is shared by these enzymes extending from alpha-helix-1 to the last alpha-helix-33. conserved residues are equally distributed between the n and c-terminal domains and occur primarily in buried ...	1993	8254668
specific interactions between proteins implicated in splice site selection and regulated alternative splicing.	specific recognition and pairing of the 5' and 3' splice sites are critical steps in pre-mrna splicing. we report that the splicing factors sc35 and sf2/asf specifically interact with both the integral u1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snrnp u1-70k) and with the 35 kd subunit of the splicing factor u2af (u2af35). previous studies indicated that the u1 snrnp binds specifically to the 5' splice site, while u2af35-u2af65 heterodimer binds to the 3' splice site. together, these observations sugges ...	1993	8261509
mutations of a muts homolog in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.	recent studies have shown that a locus responsible for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (hnpcc) is on chromosome 2p and that tumors developing in these patients contain alterations in microsatellite sequences (rer+ phenotype). we have used chromosome microdissection to obtain highly polymorphic markers from chromosome 2p16. these and other markers were ordered in a panel of somatic cell hybrids and used to define a 0.8 mb interval containing the hnpcc locus. candidate genes were then ma ...	1993	8261515
molecular cloning of a p-type atpase gene from the cyanobacterium synechocystis sp. pcc 6803. homology to eukaryotic ca(2+)-atpases.	with oligonucleotide primers derived from p-type atpase genes of different sources, a part of synechocystis sp. pcc 6803 genomic dna was amplified and used as hybridization probe for the synechocystis gene. a 4.7 kb hindiii fragment was cloned and sequenced; it contains the open reading frame of the e1e2-atpase. the synechocystis atpase (named pma1) consists of 915 amino acids with a m(r) of 98,902; it has ten putative transmembrane domains and contains the conserved regions a to j common to all ...	1993	8263933
the gene for the tata box-binding protein of onchocerca volvulus.		1993	8264735
dna-binding properties and secondary structural model of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head domain.	an 84-amino acid segment of qrf-1 [glutamine (q)-rich factor 1], a newly cloned, b-cell-derived dna-binding protein, shows significant sequence homology with the dna-binding domains of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head family of proteins. here we demonstrate that this 84-amino acid domain is necessary and sufficient for dna binding. we also propose a secondary structural model for the domain. at the n-terminal portion of the model, a basic hook structure is followed by two amphipathic he ...	1993	8265594
inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with sh-reagents and its relationship to the protein quaternary structure.	inactivation of mung bean glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpdh) with excess iodoacetate or n-ethylmaleimide exhibits pseudo-first order kinetics at ph 7.3 and 8.6 in the absence and presence of nad+, suggesting that all the reactive sh groups (four per tetrameric gpdh molecule) have equivalent reactivity towards these reagents. this is similar to the d2-symmetry conformation proposed on the basis of thermal inactivation data [malhotra and srinivasan, arch. biochem. biophys. 236, 775-78 ...	1993	8144169
sequencing and functional analysis of a 32,560 bp segment on the left arm of yeast chromosome ii. identification of 26 open reading frames, including the kip1 and sec17 genes.	we report here the dna sequence of a segment (alpha 1006.13: yblo5) of chromosome ii of saccharomyces cerevisiae, extending over 32.5 kb. the segment contains 26 open reading frames (orfs) from yblo501 to yblo526. ybl0505 corresponds to the sec17 gene and ybl0521 to the kip1 gene. ybl0516 contains an intron, ybl0513 shows homology with the rat protein phosphatase and ybl0526 contains a zinc-finger motif. disruption of 14 genes by insertion of a ura3 cassette has been performed and these mutants ...	1993	8154187
the endogenous cyclic amp antagonist, cyclic pip: its ubiquity, hormone-stimulated synthesis and identification as prostaglandylinositol cyclic phosphate.	this report shows that the cyclic amp antagonist cyclic pip is present in all organs and tissues of the rat so far examined: brain, heart, lung, intestine, kidney, liver, spleen, skeletal muscle and fat. the synthesis of cyclic pip is stimulated by insulin or noradrenaline (alpha-adrenergic action) in a dose-dependent fashion. increasing cyclic pip synthesis with increasing insulin concentrations matches the insulin receptor binding curves. cyclic pip levels in blood serum remain low after hormo ...	1993	8180414
unique sequence repeats in the alpha-subunit of protein farnesyltransferases.		1993	8291087
pmp47, a peroxisomal homologue of mitochondrial solute carrier proteins.		1993	8291088
molecular organization of the escherichia coli gab cluster: nucleotide sequence of the structural genes gabd and gabp and expression of the gaba permease gene.	we have determined the nucleotide sequences of two structural genes of the escherichia coli gab cluster, which encodes the enzymes of the 4-aminobutyrate degradation pathway: gabd, coding for succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ssdh, ec 1.2.1.16) and gabp, coding for the 4-aminobutyrate (gaba) transport carrier (gaba permease). we have previously reported the nucleotide sequence of the third structural gene of the cluster, gabt, coding for glutamate: succinic semialdehyde transaminase (ec 2.6.1 ...	1993	8297211
opsonization and phagocytosis of cryptococcus neoformans.	cryptococcus neoformans is unique among the pathogenic fungi because the yeast is surrounded by an antiphagocytic polysaccharide capsule. host resistance to cryptococcosis is dependent on natural defense mechanisms that cope with this essential fungal virulence factor. recent studies in several laboratories indicate that, under appropriate circumstances, the antiphagocytic activity of the capsule can be overcome. a reversal of the antiphagocytic properties of the capsule requires (i) activation ...	1993	8298269
[effectiveness of the use of nutrient media in isolation of yersinia].	three liquid nutrient media (phosphate buffer medium, 1% buffered peptone water ph 7.6-7.7, buffer casein yeast medium) and live solid media (endo's, serov's, and differential diagnostic medium with bromothymol blue, made in this country, and two foreign ones, agar deoxycholate and mcconkie's) are compared in examinations of the material from 213 patients with acute intestinal diseases and from 460 small mammals. the results demonstrate a higher efficacy of bacteriologic investigations carried o ...	1993	8963546
conceivable difference in the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of lipocortins 1 and 5.	human recombinant lipocortins (lct) 1 and 5 have been expressed in a yeast secretion vector and purified by ion exchange chromatography. the action of the proteins has been investigated in two models of experimental acute inflammation in the rat: carrageenin induced paw oedema and zymosan induced pleurisy. the effects of the proteins on pge(2) release in vitro by rat macrophages stimulated with zymosan and on rat neutrophil chemotaxis induced by fmlp have also been assessed. lct-1 significantly ...	1993	18475511
architecture of the nuclear pore complex and its involvement in nucleocytoplasmic transport.	recent structural analyses of the nuclear pore complex (npc) have described in some detail the numerous sub-domains which make up this supramolecular assembly. three dimensional image analysis of detergent-extracted npcs reveals that the npc framework is made up of spoke units, each containing four major domains, arranged with 822 symmetry. as shown by freeze-drying/metal shadowing techniques, attached to this framework are several peripheral components including particles and fibers on the cyto ...	1994	8311839
sequence of rat mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase cdna. evidence for ef-hand calcium-binding domains.	the fad-dependent, mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.99.5) is an essential component of the glycerol phosphate shuttle and is abundant in the pancreatic insulin cell, skeletal muscle, and brain. although dna clones for this enzyme and its homologues have been isolated from bacteria and yeast, it has never been cloned from a higher eukaryote. we have cloned and sequenced cdnas encoding the rat mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. the longest cdna (2337 base pai ...	1994	8182039
rna- and single-stranded dna-binding (ssb) proteins expressed during drosophila melanogaster oogenesis: a homolog of bacterial and eukaryotic mitochondrial ssbs.	little is known about the identity and involvement of single-stranded (ss) dna-binding (ssb) and rna-binding proteins in developmental processes that occur during oogenesis in drosophila melanogaster (dm). here, we describe a molecular approach designed to identify such proteins by virtue of their ssdna-binding activity. we have constructed a directional ovarian cdna library and conducted expression cloning screens which identified five unique cdnas that encode proteins capable of binding ssdna. ...	1994	8206370
rheb, a growth factor- and synaptic activity-regulated gene, encodes a novel ras-related protein.	neuronal activity results in long term cellular changes that underlie normal brain development and synaptic plasticity. to examine the molecular basis of activity-dependent plasticity, we have used differential cloning techniques to identify genes that are rapidly induced in brain neurons by synaptic activity. here we describe an inducible novel member of the ras family of small gtp-binding proteins we have termed rheb. rheb mrna is rapidly and transiently induced in hippocampal granule cells by ...	1994	8206940
peroxisomal proliferators inhibit acyl coa synthetase and stimulate protein kinase c in vivo.	the mechanism by which hypolipidemic drugs and industrial plasticizers cause hepatic tumors in rodents remains unknown. it is known, however, that protein kinase c is elevated during hepatic cell turnover, and sustained cellular replication is correlated with an increased incidence of hepatic tumors. therefore, several peroxisomal proliferators varying in their tumorigenic potency in chronic feeding studies were examined for their ability to increase protein kinase c activity. intragastric admin ...	1994	8209376
cdc25a is a novel phosphatase functioning early in the cell cycle.	the cdc25+ tyrosine phosphatase is a key mitotic inducer of the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe, controlling the timing of the initiation of mitosis. mammals contain at least three cdc25+ homologues called cdc25a, cdc25b and cdc25c. in this study we investigate the biological function of cdc25a. although very potent in rescuing the s.pombe cdc25 mutant, cdc25a is less structurally related to the s.pombe enzyme. northern and western blotting detection reveals that unlike cdc25b, cdc25c an ...	1994	8156993
cloning and characterization of an evolutionarily divergent dna-binding subunit of mammalian tfiiic.	transcription factor iiic (tfiiic) is required for the assembly of a preinitiation complex on 5s rna, trna, and adenovirus va rna genes and contains two separable components, tfiiic1 and tfiiic2. tfiiic2 binds to the 3' end of the internal control region of the vai rna gene and contains five polypeptides ranging in size from 63 to 220 kda; the largest of these directly contacts dna. here we describe the cloning of cdnas encoding all (rat) or part (human) of the 220-kda subunit (tfiiic alpha). su ...	1994	8164661
functional properties of non-muscle tropomyosin isoforms.	tropomyosins are a family of actin filament binding proteins. they have been identified in many organisms, including yeast, nematodes, drosophila, birds and mammals. in metazoans, different forms of tropomyosin are characteristic of specific cell types. most non-muscle cells, such as fibroblasts, express five to eight isoforms of tropomyosins. the various isoforms exhibit distinct biochemical properties that appear to be required for specific cellular functions.	1994	8167032
a sequence related to a dna recognition element is essential for the inhibition by nucleotides of proton transport through the mitochondrial uncoupling protein.	the uncoupling protein (ucp) is uniquely expressed in brown adipose tissue, which is a thermogenic organ of mammals. the ucp uncouples mitochondrial respiration from atp production by introducing a proton conducting pathway through the mitochondrial inner membrane. the activity of the ucp is regulated: nucleotide binding to the ucp inhibits proton conductance whereas free fatty acids increase it. the similarities between the ucp, the adp/atp carrier and the dna recognition element found in the d ...	1994	8168495
the significance of denaturant titrations of protein stability: a comparison of rat and baker's yeast cytochrome c and their site-directed asparagine-52-to-isoleucine mutants.	the residue asparagine-52 of rat cytochrome c and baker's yeast iso-1-cytochrome c was mutated to isoleucine by site-directed mutagenesis, and the unfolding of the wild-type and mutant proteins in urea or guanidinium chloride solutions was studied. whereas the yeast mutant cytochrome unfolded in 4-7 m urea with a rate constant (k) of 1.7 x 10(-2) s-1, the rat mutant protein unfolded with k = 5.0 x 10(-2) s-1, followed by a slow partial refolding with k = 5.0 x 10(-4) s-1. denaturant titrations i ...	1994	8172593
saccharomyces boulardii inhibits secretagogue-mediated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate induction in intestinal cells.	the yeast saccharomyces boulardii inhibits the secretion induced by cholera toxin (ct) in rat jejunum. the present study was aimed at unraveling the mechanism by which s. boulardii protects intestinal cells against ct.	1994	8276210
two genes for de novo purine nucleotide synthesis on human chromosome 4 are closely linked and divergently transcribed.	a cdna encoding human glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase for step one in de novo purine nucleotide synthesis was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in chinese hamster ovary cells to yield functional enzyme. enzyme function was dependent upon removal of an 11-amino-acid propeptide. a mutant enzyme having three propeptide amino acid replacements was not processed and was not active. the human genes gpat, encoding the amidotransferase, and airc, encoding a bifunctional enzyme for ...	1994	8106516
a brain serine/threonine protein kinase activated by cdc42 and rac1.	a new brain serine/threonine protein kinase may be a target for the p21ras-related proteins cdc42 and rac1. the kinase sequence is related to that of the yeast protein ste20, implicated in pheromone-response pathways. the kinase complexes specifically with activated (gtp-bound) p21, inhibiting p21 gtpase activity and leading to kinase autophosphorylation and activation. autophosphorylated kinase has a decreased affinity for cdc42/rac, freeing the p21 for further stimulatory activities or downreg ...	1994	8107774
n-sec1: a neural-specific syntaxin-binding protein.	we have identified n-sec1, a rat brain homolog of the yeast sec1p protein that participates in the constitutive secretory pathway between the golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane. the rat brain cdna is predicted to encode a 68-kda protein with 65% amino acid identity to drosophila rop, 59% identity to caenorhabditis elegans unc-18, and 27% identity to saccharomyces cerevisiae sec1p. by rna blot analysis, n-sec1 mrna expression is neural-specific. an anti-peptide antiserum directed against the ...	1994	8108429
two novel deduced serine/threonine protein kinases from saccharomyces cerevisiae.	we have cloned genes for two closely related protein kinase (pk) homologues from saccharomyces cerevisiae. sequence alignment of the kinase domain with previously characterized pk reveals the highest degree of similarity with second messenger-regulated kinases. rck1 encodes a 58-kda protein, and is weakly expressed. rck2 encodes a 65-kda protein, and transcripts from this gene are readily detected. rck1 has been mapped to the l arm of chromosome vii, and rck2 to chromosome xii. disruption of the ...	1994	8112585
the influence of beta subunit structure on the stability of na+/k(+)-atpase complexes and interaction with k+.	heterologous expression of the beta subunit of h+/k(+)-atpase (hk beta) with alpha subunits of na+/k(+)-atpase (nk alpha) in yeast leads to the formation of ouabain binding complexes, indicating assembly of the two subunits into active ion pumps (eakle, k. a., kim, k. s., kabalin, m. a., and farley, r. a. (1992) proc. natl. acad. sci. u. s. a. 89, 2834-2838). complexes of nk alpha and hk beta are less sensitive to inhibition of ouabain binding by k+, suggesting that hk beta lowers the affinity o ...	1994	8120007
cloning of a rat cdna encoding dihydroxypolyprenylbenzoate methyltransferase by functional complementation of a saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant deficient in ubiquinone biosynthesis.	3,4-dihydroxy-5-hexaprenylbenzoate methyltransferase (dhhb-mtase) is the product of the coq3 gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae and catalyses the fourth step in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone (coenzyme q) from p-hydroxybenzoic acid. a full-length cdna encoding a mammalian homologue of dhhb-mtase was isolated from a newly constructed rat testis cdna library by functional complementation of a coq3 deletion mutant of s. cerevisiae. the complementing clone contained a 1.1-kb poly(a)(+)-tailed insert w ...	1994	8125303
a gene homologous to that encoding udp galactose-4-epimerase is inducible by xylose in the yeast pachysolen tannophilus.	using dna sequencing, we have identified a fragment of genomic dna from pachysolen tannophilus that is homologous to the gal10 gene in yeasts and gale gene in bacteria, both encoding the udp galactose-4-epimerase (ec 5.1.3.2). this gene (designated ptgal10) is equally efficiently inducible by d-galactose (a hexose) and d-xylose (a pentose). the encoded protein shows the highest similarity to the homologous kluyveromyces lactis protein. this includes the n-terminal domain that is not present in h ...	1994	8125329
mutagenesis of the amino targeting signal of saccharomyces cerevisiae 3-ketoacyl-coa thiolase reveals conserved amino acids required for import into peroxisomes in vivo.	saccharomyces cerevisiae peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-coa thiolase is a soluble matrix protein that does not end in a consensus peroxisomal targeting signal-1. the amino terminus of s. cerevisiae peroxisomal thiolase is conserved in 6 of 11 residues with the amino terminus of rat thiolase b, shown to act as a peroxisomal targeting signal-2 (swinkels, b.w., gould, s.j., bodnar, a.g., rachubinski, r.a., and subramani, s. (1991) embo j. 10, 3255-3262). unlike mammalian peroxisomal thiolases, there is no ...	1994	8125978
differential accumulation of a protein kinase homolog in trypanosoma brucei.	using degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from conserved regions in the catalytic domains of protein kinases, we have identified transcripts of the protein kinase families in trypanosoma brucei by the polymerase chain reaction technique. from the cdnas synthesized from poly(a)+ rna purified from the bloodstream form of the pathogen, we have obtained seven distinct partial cdna sequences. deduced amino acid sequences of these seven clones contain conserved regions characteristic of catalyt ...	1994	8126084
a rat brain sec1 homologue related to rop and unc18 interacts with syntaxin.	sec1 is a hydrophilic protein that plays an essential role in exocytosis from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. two high copy suppressors of mutations in the sec1 gene, sso1 and sso2, were recently identified that encode proteins of the syntaxin family. syntaxin (a t-snare), together with snap-25 and synaptobrevin/vamp (a t- and a v-snare, respectively), is thought to form the core of the docking-fusion complex in synaptic vesicle exocytosis. proteins that exhibit similarity to sec1 were ident ...	1994	8134339
a novel heparin-binding protein, hbp15, is identified as mammalian ribosomal protein l22.	a 15kda-protein (hbp15) was purified from mouse submandibular gland and bovine brain by virtue of its heparin-binding property. the amino acid sequences of mouse and bovine hbp15 showed a high degree of homology to a sea urchin protein encoded by gene called "development specific protein 217." using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods, cdna clones for hbp15 were isolated from submandibular gland mrna of mouse, human and pig, and sequenced. database search of hbp15 showed that ...	1994	8135813
chromosomal assignment of the human sa gene to 16p13.11 and demonstration of its expression in the kidney.	the sa gene is a novel gene of yet unknown function recently implicated in blood pressure regulation in rodent models of genetic hypertension. in this study we have located the human homologue of the sa gene to chromosome 16p13.11, by a combination of fluorescence in-situ hybridization and analysis of somatic cell hybrids carrying different segments of chromosome 16. this should facilitate investigation of its role in the genetic tendency to hypertension in humans. increased expression of the ge ...	1994	8135833
human, mouse, and rat calnexin cdna cloning: identification of potential calcium binding motifs and gene localization to human chromosome 5.	calnexin is a 90-kda integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (er). calnexin binds ca2+ and may function as a chaperone in the transition of proteins from the er to the outer cellular membrane. we have purified human calnexin in association with the human interferon-gamma receptor and cloned calnexin cdna from placenta. fragments of calnexin have been prepared as glutathione s-transferase fusion proteins and analyzed for their abilities to bind 45ca2+ and ruthenium red. a subdomain ...	1994	8136357
pharmacokinetics and distribution of selenium in blood and organs of rats.	the dynamics of selenium concentration changes in blood, organs and tissues of rats after a single intragastric administration of selenium yeast and sodium selenite was determined. the course of selenium concentration changes in blood was described, the pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated according to the trivalent equation of dicompartment model and the selenium content in liver, kidneys, small intestine, spleen, heart, brain, stomach, testicles and prostate was determined 48 h after the ...	1994	8140130
the yeast and mammalian ras pathways control transcription of heat shock genes independently of heat shock transcription factor.	yeast strains in which the ras-cyclic amp (camp) pathway is constitutively active are sensitive to heat shock, whereas mutants in which the activity of this pathway is low are hyperresistant to heat shock. to determine the molecular basis for these differences, we examined the transcriptional induction of heat shock genes in various yeast strains. activation of heat shock genes was attenuated in the strains in which the ras-camp pathway is constitutively active. in contrast, in a strain deficien ...	1994	8007989
cloning and expression of a human pro(tea)some beta-subunit cdna: a homologue of the yeast pre4-subunit essential for peptidylglutamyl-peptide hydrolase activity.	the cdna encoding a human prosome beta-subunit (hsbpros26) was isolated from a lymphoma library using the cdna of the xenopus homologue as a probe. the cdna contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 233 amino acids and a calculated molecular weight of 25,909. comparison with interspecies homologues of hsbpros26 from xenopus (xlb), rat (rn3) and yeast (pre4) reveals a high degree of identity between the beta-subunits except for the n-terminal end, which is probably cleaved post-transla ...	1994	8013624
chemical and physiological effects of candida albicans toxin on tissues.	the prevalence of immunologically suppressed patients, including those infected with the aids virus, with cancer, and those having had transplant surgery to name a few, has provided an avenue for the rapid proliferation among these patients of the virulent yeast candida albicans. previous studies have determined that a potent toxin is produced by c. albicans which may cause extensive tissue damage. the extent of the tissue damage has never been determined, neither has the mechanism been explaine ...	1994	8020249
protein substitution in chloroplast ribosome evolution. a eukaryotic cytosolic protein has replaced its organelle homologue (l23) in spinach.	the chloroplast translational system differs from the eubacterial ones in containing several ribosomal proteins (rps) that have no apparent homologues in eubacteria, and in having their rp genes distributed in two cellular genome compartments. the genes maintained in the organelle genome encode mainly ribosome assembly proteins. the discovery in spinach and related plants (caryophyllidae) of a disrupted chloroplast gene encoding the ribosome assembly protein l23 raised speculations about the tra ...	1994	8021938
pharmacological profile of a new pyrrolizine derivative inhibiting the enzymes cyclo-oxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase.	2,2-dimethyl-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-phenyl, 2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-5-yl)-acetic acid (ml 3000) is a dual inhibitor of the enzymes cyclo-oxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase in bovine and human thrombocytes and granulocytes. in animal experiments the compound has antiphlogistic, analgesic, antipyretic, antiasthmatic and antiaggregative activity at a dosage that causes no gastrointestinal damage.	1994	8024637
the primary structure of rat ribosomal protein s23.	the amino acid sequence of the rat 40s ribosomal subunit protein s23 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cdna. ribosomal protein s23 has 142 amino acids, the nh2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mrna, and a molecular weight of 15,666. hybridization of the cdna to digests of nuclear dna suggests that there are 6 to 13 copies of the s23 gene. the mrna for the protein is about 650 nucleotides in length. rat s23 is identical to a human ribosomal prote ...	1994	8037726
effect of tumour progression on the androgenic regulation of the androgen receptor, trpm-2 and ypt1 genes in the shionogi carcinoma.	progression of an androgen-dependent tumour to an androgen-independent state is characterized by the loss of apoptotic potential, a property of cells which have differentiated under the influence of androgens. in an attempt to relate progression to mechanisms of apoptotic failure, we compared the relative levels of expression of androgen receptor and trpm-2 (clusterin) genes in androgen-dependent and -independent tumours derived from the shionogi carcinoma. the amount of 10 kb androgen receptor ...	1994	8049130
high affinity of ergopeptides for cytochromes p450 3a. importance of their peptide moiety for p450 recognition and hydroxylation of bromocriptine.	the interaction between rat and human liver cytochromes p450 with a series of lysergic acid derivatives and ergopeptide alkaloids was studied by difference visible spectroscopy. ergopeptides, like bromocriptine, ergocryptine and dihydroergotamine, strongly interacted with rat liver microsomes with the appearance of a difference spectrum which is characteristic of their binding to a protein site close to the heme. the intensity of this spectrum was clearly dependent on the amounts of p450s 3a in ...	1994	8055971
functional studies of e7 proteins from different hpv types.	we have performed comparative studies on the e7 proteins from malignant and non-malignant human papillomavirus types hpv 1, 6, 11, 16, 18, 33). gst/e7 fusion proteins from all these hpv types associate with rb1, p107 and the cyclin a/cdk2 complex. as has been shown for rb1, the association with p107 and cyclin a was weaker for the 'low risk' hpv6 and 11 e7 proteins as compared to 'high risk' hpv16, 18 and 33 e7 proteins. in contrast the e7 protein of the benign type hpv1 bound rb1, p107 and cycl ...	1994	8058327
cloning and sequence analysis of the rat augmenter of liver regeneration (alr) gene: expression of biologically active recombinant alr and demonstration of tissue distribution.	a full-length cdna clone encoding a purified augmenter of liver regeneration (alr) factor prepared from the cytosol of weanling rat livers was isolated. the 1.2-kb cdna included a 299-bp 5' untranslated region, a 375-bp coding region, and a 550-bp 3' untranslated region. it encoded a protein consisting of 125 amino acids. the molecular weight of alr calculated from the cdna was 15,081, which is consistent with the size estimated by sds/page under reducing conditions. the molecular weight of the ...	1994	8058770
a regulatory system for use in gene transfer.	we recently have demonstrated that a c-terminal deletion mutant of the human progesterone receptor (hprb891) fails to bind to progesterone but can bind ru 486 (mifepristone) and other progesterone antagonists. most significantly, this mutant receptor activates transcription of a reporter gene containing the progesterone response element in the presence of these antagonists. taking advantage of this finding and the modular nature of functional domains of steroid receptors, we constructed a chimer ...	1994	8058776
a single arabidopsis gf14 isoform possesses biochemical characteristics of diverse 14-3-3 homologues.	arabidopsis cdna clones of gf14 proteins originally were isolated on the basis of their association with the g-box dna/protein complex by a monoclonal antibody screening approach. gf14 proteins are homologous to the 14-3-3 family of mammalian proteins. here we demonstrate that recombinant gf14 omega, one member of the arabidopsis gf14 protein family, is a dimeric protein that possesses many of the attributes of diverse mammalian 14-3-3 homologues. gf14 omega activates rat brain tryptophan hydrox ...	1994	8061318
differential production of tnf by kupffer cells after phagocytosis of e. coli and c. albicans.	tumor necrosis factor (tnf) of hepatic origin is thought to play a pivotal role early in the genesis of the septic shock syndrome, regardless of microbial etiology. to determine if production of tnf by kupffer cells varies with microbial taxonomic class, we measured tnf secretory responses in primary cultures of rat kupffer cells to numerically equivalent gram-negative bacterial or fungal phagocytic challenges. after a 30-min exposure to media, latex beads, soluble escherichia coli lipopolysacch ...	1994	8074222
microtubular protein in its polymerized or nonpolymerized states differentially modulates in vitro and intracellular fluxes catalyzed by enzymes of carbon metabolism.	the fluxes through hk/g6pdh and pk/ldh coupled-enzymatic reactions were quantified in the presence of physiological concentrations (1-15 microm) of polymerized or non-polymerized microtubular protein (mtp) from rat brain and in a permeabilized yeast cell system. in vitro enzymatic fluxes were increased by either polymerized or nonpolymerized brain mtp mainly in the lower range of mtp concentration. at fixed mtp concentrations in the flux stimulatory range of hk/g6pdh (1 mg/ml mtp) or pk/ldh (0.4 ...	1994	8083293
homology between a human protein and a protein of the green garden pea.	in screening a rat mucosa cdna subtraction library, a clone that exhibited a remarkable degree of homology with a previously described cdna from the green garden pea, designated the 26g pea turgor protein, was found. a partial cdna sequence from rat and a complete cdna sequence from human were obtained. the deduced human protein had a molecular weight of 55,285 and was designated antiquitin because of its remarkable level of conservation through evolution. human antiquitin was 60% homologous to ...	1994	8088832
dna polymerase delta is required for base excision repair of dna methylation damage in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	we present evidence that dna polymerase delta of saccharomyces cerevisiae, an enzyme that is essential for viability and chromosomal replication, is also required for base excision repair of exogenous dna methylation damage. the large catalytic subunit of dna polymerase delta is encoded by the cdc2(pol3) gene. we find that the mutant allele cdc2-2 confers sensitivity to killing by methyl methanesulfonate (mms) but allows wild-type levels of uv survival. mms survival of haploid cdc2-2 strains is ...	1994	8090767
primary structure and expression of a human ctp:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase.	human ctp:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (ct) cdnas were isolated by pcr amplification of a human erythroleukemic k562 cell library. initially two degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from the sequence of the rat liver ct cdna were used to amplify a centrally located 230 bp fragment. subsequently overlapping 5' and 3' fragments were amplified, each using one human ct primer and one vector-specific primer. two cdnas encoding the entire translated domain were also amplified. the human c ...	1994	7918629
heat shock response in the liver: expression and regulation of the hsp70 gene family and early response genes after in vivo hyperthermia.	heat shock response in cultured cells has been studied extensively; however few data are available on heat shock response in an intact organ of a living animal. in this study we analyzed the kinetics of expression of the heat shock protein 70 gene family (heat shock protein 70, heat shock cognate protein 73 and glucose-regulated protein 78) in the liver of the thermally stressed rat. new synthesis of heat shock protein 70 and heat shock cognate protein 73 was shown in liver slices pulse labeled ...	1994	7927240
l-type voltage-sensitive calcium channel activation stimulates gene expression by a serum response factor-dependent pathway.	a mechanism by which calcium-induced signals are transduced to the nucleus to activate transcription of the c-fos proto-oncogene has been characterized. the serum response element (sre), a region of the c-fos gene which controls growth factor-induced transcription, is now shown to mediate c-fos transcription in response to activation of l-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels. calcium-dependent transcriptional activation through the sre is mediated by the serum response factor (srf). membrane ...	1994	7929249
delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturases of cyanobacteria. molecular cloning and substrate specificities in terms of fatty acids, sn-positions, and polar head groups.	in cyanobacteria, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids is initiated by delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturase which introduces the first double bond at the delta 9 position of a saturated fatty acid that has been esterified to a glycerolipid. we have cloned genes, designated desc, for delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturases from two cyanobacteria, namely anabaena variabilis and synechocystis sp. pcc 6803. these desaturases, when expressed in escherichia coli, desaturated stearic acid to yield oleic acid at ...	1994	7929259
expression of a cdna for rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase i in yeast establishes that catalytic activity and malonyl-coa sensitivity reside in a single polypeptide.	a cdna encoding full-length carnitine palmitoyltransferase i (cpt i) from rat liver was expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae, a system devoid of endogenous cpt activity. the recombinant enzyme was of the expected size (as deduced from immunoblots), membrane-bound, and detergent-labile. it was also potently inhibited by malonyl-coa, with an i50 value (concentration causing 50% inhibition) of approximately 5 microm, similar to that of the native enzyme in rat liver mitochondria. a truncated varia ...	1994	7929364
localization of sed5, a putative vesicle targeting molecule, to the cis-golgi network involves both its transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains.	the yeast sed5 protein, which is required for vesicular transport between er and golgi complex, is a membrane protein of the syntaxin family. these proteins are thought to provide the specific targets that are recognized by transport vesicles. we have investigated the mechanism by which sed5 protein is itself localized. expression of epitope-tagged versions of the yeast, drosophila and rat sed5 homologues in cos cells results in a perinuclear distribution; immuno-em reveals that the majority of ...	1994	7929581
the 80 kda cytosolic protein that binds the c-terminal part of rat acyl-coa oxidase is not a peroxisomal import receptor but a prolyl-endopeptidase.	in an attempt to identify putative peroxisomal import receptors, we investigated the cross-linking of a radioiodinated peptide consisting of the 13 last amino acids of acyl-coa oxidase and comprising the carboxy-terminal skl-peroxisomal targeting motive, to proteins present in different subcellular fractions from rat liver. the radiolabeled peptide could be cross-linked to an 80 kda protein present in the cytosol but not to proteins present in other subcellular fractions including highly purifie ...	1994	7947927
activation of alkylthioacrylic acids in subcellular fractions of rat tissues: a new spectrophotometric method for assay of acyl-coa synthetase.	alkylthioacrylic acids are activated by the long-chain acyl-coa synthetase in mitochondria and microsomes from rat liver, heart and kidney. the activation of a corresponding dicarboxylic acid was also demonstrated. the highest rate of activation was found in liver microsomes. the activation rate of the long-chain alkylthioacrylic acids is about one third of that of corresponding normal long-chain saturated fatty acids. the short-chain (methyl-, butyl-) thioacrylic acids showed no detectable acti ...	1994	7948012
signal transduction. switching off map kinases.	protein phosphatases have recently been identified that inactivate map kinases and turn off intracellular signalling pathways. their regulation may determine the response of cells to stimuli that signal via map kinases.	1994	7953546
cloning and sequencing of cdnas encoding the actin cross-linking protein transgelin defines a new family of actin-associated proteins.	we have used degenerate oligonucleotides, derived from the amino acid sequence of transgelin peptides [shapland et al., 1993: j. cell biol. 121:1065-1073], to isolate and sequence overlapping cdna clones encoding this actin gelling protein. primers with 5' restriction enzyme sites directed against the n and c terminal amino acids present in these clones were then used to amplify and clone the entire transgelin coding region from reverse transcribed rat small intestine cdna (rt-pcr). these studie ...	1994	7954852
characterization of a cytotoxic factor produced by rat bladder cancer cell line: its identity to tnf alpha.	clone c19 derived from a rat bladder cancer cell line bc31ad constitutively released cytotoxic factor rcf. the serum-free c19-conditioned medium was partially purified by deae-sephacel, sephacryl s-200 and monoq-fplc chromatographies to the specific activity of 6.4 x 10(6) u/mg protein (lm assay). rcf was a 17-kda protein with pi 4.6-5.0. anti-rcf serum neutralized the cytotoxic activity of rat and mouse, but not human, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) as well as rcf. the partial amino ac ...	1994	7959900
comparison of human cap and cap2, homologs of the yeast adenylyl cyclase-associated proteins.	we previously reported the identification of human cap, a protein that is related to the saccharomyces cerevisiae and schizosaccharomyces pombe adenylyl cyclase-associated cap proteins. the two yeast cap proteins have similar functions: the n-terminal domains are required for the normal function of adenylyl cyclase, while loss of the c-terminal domains result in morphological and nutritional defects that are unrelated to the camp pathways. we have amplified and cloned cdnas from a human glioblas ...	1994	7962207
the srp54 gtpase is essential for protein export in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe.	signal recognition particle (srp) is a cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein required for targeting a subset of presecretory proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (er) membrane. here we report the results of a series of experiments to define the function of the schizosaccharomyces pombe homolog of the 54-kda subunit of mammalian srp. one-step gene disruption reveals that the srp54 protein, like srp rna, is essential for viability in s. pombe. precursor to the secretory protein acid phosphatase accumulat ...	1994	7969124
herbicide-resistant tobacco plants expressing the fused enzyme between rat cytochrome p4501a1 (cyp1a1) and yeast nadph-cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase.	transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum cv xanthi) plants expressing a genetically engineered fused enzyme between rat cytochrome p4501a1 (cyp1a1) and yeast nadph-cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase were produced. the expression plasmid pgfc2 for the fused enzyme was constructed by insertion of the corresponding cdna into the expression vector png01 under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter and nopaline synthase gene terminator. the fused enzyme cdna was integrated into tobacco gen ...	1994	7972515
heterologous expression of gamma e-crystallin produces protein with an aberrant tertiary structure.	expression of complete rat gamma e-crystallin cdna in saccheromyces cerevisiae and in escherichia coli at 25 degrees c produced soluble proteins similar to rat gamma e-crystallin but with an altered tertiary structure as judged by tryptophan fluorescence. expression of rat gamma e-crystallin cdna in e. coli at 37 degrees c produced insoluble inclusion bodies. refolding of denatured rat gamma e-crystallin from these inclusion bodies produced a protein similar to rat gamma e-crystallin but with al ...	1994	7979386
comparison of the effects of ca2+, adenine nucleotides and ph on the kinetic properties of mitochondrial nad(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and rat heart.	the regulatory properties of nad(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase in extracts of yeast and rat heart mitochondria were studied under identical conditions. yeast nad(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase exhibits a low k0.5 for isocitrate and is activated by amp and adp, but is insensitive to atp and ca2+. in contrast, the rat heart nad(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase was insensitive to amp, but was activated by adp and by ca2+ in the presence of adp or atp. both yeast and rat heart o ...	1994	7980405
identification of novel glutathione conjugates of disulfiram and diethyldithiocarbamate in rat bile by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. evidence for metabolic activation of disulfiram in vivo.	recent studies have shown that the inhibitory effects of disulfiram and diethyldithiocarbamate (ddtc) (to which disulfiram is rapidly reduced in vivo) on the liver mitochondrial low-km form of aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldh) may be mediated by a reactive metabolite(s) of these compounds. in order to investigate the nature of such electrophilic intermediates in vivo, the present study was carried out with the goal of detecting and identifying their respective glutathione (gsh) conjugates in the bil ...	1994	7981417
activation of the eck receptor protein tyrosine kinase stimulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity.	the eph/eck subfamily of receptor protein tyrosine kinases is currently the largest subfamily of receptor protein tyrosine kinases with a dozen members (van der geer, p., hunter, t., and lindberg, r. a. (1994) annu. rev. cell biol. 10, 251-337). using the cytoplasmic domain of eck as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen of mouse embryonic and t-cell cdna libraries, it was discovered that the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase bound eck. further, using glutathione s-transferase fusion prot ...	1994	7982920
purification to homogeneity of udp-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase from schizosaccharomyces pombe and apparent absence of the enzyme fro saccharomyces cerevisiae.	the udp-glc:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase was purified to homogeneity from the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. the enzyme has been recently suggested to be involved in the mechanism by which unfolded, partially folded, or misfolded glycoproteins are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. the pure yeast glucosyltransferase formed protein-linked glc1-man9glcnac2,glc1man8glcnac2, and glc1man7glcnac2 when incubated with udp-glc and denatured thyroglobulin. the same compounds were formed ...	1994	7982990
the molecular evolution of g protein-coupled receptors: focus on 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors.	phylogenetic comparisons between homologous proteins can provide information on the rates of molecular evolution of the proteins. g protein-coupled receptors are a "superfamily" of proteins which exist in species ranging from yeast to man. based on an analysis of the percentage of amino acid homology between various species, the rate of molecular evolution of g protein-coupled receptors can be estimated at approx 1% per 10 million years. based on this assumption, the primordial 5-ht receptor mus ...	1994	7984268
the peroxisomal targeting signal of 3-oxoacyl-coa thiolase from saccharomyces cerevisiae.	all peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-coa thiolases identified so far do not contain the previously identified tripeptide peroxisomal targeting signal at their carboxy-termini. for the two rat thiolases it was shown that their peroxisomal targeting signals are localized within the amino-terminal region of the proteins and are cleaved upon import. this report demonstrates that the n-terminal region of the peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-coa thiolase from saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential for its peroxisomal target ...	1994	7985420
ca2+ transport in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	cytosolic free ca2+ is maintained at submicromolar levels in budding yeast by the activity of ca2+ pumps and antiporters. we have recently identified the structural genes for two ca2+ pumps, pmc1 [correction of pcm1] and pmr1, which are required for ca2+ sequestration into the vacuole and secretory organelles, respectively. the function of either ca2+ pump is sufficient for yeast viability, but deletion of both genes is lethal because of elevation of cytosolic [ca2+] and activation of calcineuri ...	1994	7823019
[acute toxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the "yeast test"].		1994	7838885
antinociceptive and antipyretic effects of alkaloids extracted from the stem bark of hunteria zeylanica.	effects of crude alkaloids extracted from the stem bark of hunteria zeylanica gard. (h. zeylanica) on nociceptive responses, capillary permeability, yeast-induced hyperthermia, pentobarbital-induced sleep, and spontaneous motor activity were investigated. oral administration of 50 mg/kg h. zeylanica alkaloid extract significantly decreased the number of writhings induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid. the extract at 100-200 mg/kg significantly increased nociceptive threshold of the inflamed but ...	1994	7874056
production, purification and characterization of recombinant yeast processing alpha 1,2-mannosidase.	the saccharomyces cerevisiae processing alpha 1,2-mannosidase, which trims man9glcnac to man8glcnac, has a lumenally oriented catalytic domain and an n-terminal transmembrane domain. to obtain sufficient protein to study the structure and mechanism of action of this enzyme, the sequence encoding the catalytic domain was inserted downstream of the alpha-factor promoter and signal peptide in a high-copy vector for expression in s. cerevisiae as a secreted protein. using oligosaccharide substrate ( ...	1994	7881184
molecular cloning and expression, in both cos-1 cells and s. cerevisiae, of a human cytosolic type-iva, cyclic amp specific phosphodiesterase (hpde-iva-h6.1).	screening a human t lymphocyte cdna library with a phosphodiesterase (pde) specific probe resulted in the isolation of two overlapping cdna clones, h2.2 and h6.1, that encode a type iv, rolipram inhibited camp-specific pde. clones h2.2 and h6.1 were 1015 bp and 2288 bp in length, respectively, and overlapped for 984 bp with only one nucleotide difference. the h6.1 cdna was extended at the 5'-end by 1304 bp, with respect to h2.2, and encoded an incomplete orf (lacking an initiation codon) of 668 ...	1994	7888306
chemical reagents as potential impurities of pharmaceutical products: investigations on their genotoxic activity.	the genotoxic activity of chemical reagents and intermediates as potential impurities of final pharmaceutical products have been investigated by the afi mutagenesis study group. a number of compounds employed in the synthesis of beta-lactam (12), quinolone (6), antiviral (3), and other drugs (11) were analyzed. the information reported in this article was mainly obtained experimentally in our laboratories. in addition, attempts were made to obtain reference data; however, these were available fo ...	1994	7884648
distribution and regulation of the candidate prohormone processing enzymes spc2 and spc3 in adult rat brain.	a number of candidate mammalian prohormone processing enzymes related to the yeast kex2 endoprotease have been cloned and demonstrated to cleave several prohormone precursors at single, pairs and tetra basic amino acid processing sites. we have mapped the distribution of the mrnas encoding two of these endoproteases in adult rat brain. spc3 message levels showed a more restricted distribution and generally lower levels than spc2 transcripts. the highest levels of spc2 mrna were found in the pyra ...	1994	7898639
studies on wheat acetyl coa carboxylase and the cloning of a partial cdna.	wheat germ acetyl coa carboxylase (accase) was purified by liquid chromatography and electroelution. during purification bovine serum albumin (bsa) was used to coat amicon membranes used to concentrate partially pure accase. despite further sds-page/electroelution and microbore hplc steps bsa remained associated. this presented serious protein sequencing artefacts which may reflect the affinity of bsa for fatty acids bound to accase. to avoid these artefacts the enzyme was digested in gel with e ...	1994	7906561
characteristics of the gene that encodes acetyl-coa carboxylase in the diatom cyclotella cryptica.	efforts are currently under way in several laboratories to develop renewable fuels from biological sources. our group conducts research involving the production of lipid-derived "biodiesel" fuel from microscopic algae. lipid accumulation in algae typically occurs during periods of environmental stress, including growth under nutrient-deficient conditions. biochemical studies have suggested that acetyl-coa carboxylase (accase), a biotin-containing enzyme that catalyzes an early step in fatty acid ...	1994	7912057
high-level expression of human lipocortin i in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe using a novel expression vector.	we have developed a novel expression system that allows the fission yeast, schizosaccharomyces pombe, to be used for the efficient overproduction of heterologous proteins. as an example of the utility of this system, human lipocortin i was expressed to 50 percent of soluble protein, and 150 mg of highly purified material was obtained from 10 grams of wet cell paste. expression of lipocortin i was driven by the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) promoter in a vector that also contains a neomycin resist ...	1994	7764687
comparing nucleotide and protein sequences by linguistic methods.	nucleotide and amino acid sequences can be analyzed and compared by their oligomer compositions. such methods are fundamentally different from comparison methods based on sequence alignment. they are analogous to the linguistic analysis of human texts. the methods have a wide range of sensitivity and can identify homologous as well as functionally and taxonomically related sequences. significant sequence dissimilarity can also be identified enabling detection of foreign dna sequences in genomes, ...	1994	7765062
purification of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein from brain cytosol for reconstituting g-protein-regulated phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c-beta isozymes.		1994	7799783
use of fluorescent probes to investigate the metabolic state of pneumocystis carinii mitochondria.		1994	7804275
tamoxifen and estrogens as membrane antioxidants: comparison with cholesterol.		1994	7808336
site-directed mutagenesis of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor: identification of amino acids implicated in the binding site of ro5-4864.	the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (pbr) is an 18-kda protein present in the outer mitochondrial membrane. the human pbr can be labeled with the benzodiazepine ro5-4864 and with the isoquinoline carboxamide pk11195. the two ligands compete with each other in binding experiments, with previous results suggesting overlapping but not identical binding sites. to define the regions of the receptor interacting with pk11195 and ro5-4864 and to address the question of the topology of the molecule in ...	1994	7808437
energy transfer assays of rat renal cortical endosomal fusion: evidence for superfusion.	the complex of components necessary to allow endosomal fusion includes both membrane-bound receptors and several soluble proteins. although these factors have been isolated from cultured cell lines, and endosomal fusion has been reconstituted in vitro for vesicular systems from yeast to synaptosomes, there is a paucity of data from mammalian systems. to investigate fusion in rat renal cortical endosomes, we began by developing a fusion assay. as the immunoglobulin and avidin-based probes almost ...	1994	7810689