Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| biological activities and spectroscopic properties of chromophoric and fluorescent analogs of adenine nucleoside and nucleotides, 2',3'-o-(2,4,6-trinitrocyclohexadienylidene) adenosine derivatives. | the ribose-modified chromophoric and fluorescent analog of atp 2',3'-o-(2,4,6-trinitrocyclohexadienylidene) adenosine 5'-triphosphate (tnp-atp) has been synthesized previously (hiratsuka, t., and uchida, k. (1973) biochim. biophys. acta 320, 635-647 and hiratsuka, t. (1976) biochim. biophys. acta 453, 293-297). in the present study, four tnp-derivatives of atp, adp, amp and adenosine were synthesized and compared for several chemical, spectral and enzymatic properties. their visible absorption a ... | 1982 | 6295507 |
| comparison of structural properties and primer requirements of escherichia coli maltodextrin phosphorylase and rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase. | 1982 | 6462087 | |
| effect of hormonal deprivation on the bladder defense mechanism. | the mucopolysaccharide (mps) layer of the bladder has been implicated as a bacterial anti-adherence factor in previous experimentation. production of mps is known to be related to hormones in other systems of the body and probably to the urinary system. due to the known rising incidence of urinary tract infection in most menopausal females, an experimental model using oophorectomized rabbits was designed. oophorectomized and control rabbits were observed for their ability to clear their bladder ... | 1982 | 6211553 |
| distantly related sequences in the alpha- and beta-subunits of atp synthase, myosin, kinases and other atp-requiring enzymes and a common nucleotide binding fold. | the alpha- and beta-subunits of membrane-bound atp synthase complex bind atp and adp: beta contributes to catalytic sites, and alpha may be involved in regulation of atp synthase activity. the sequences of beta-subunits are highly conserved in escherichia coli and bovine mitochondria. also alpha and beta are weakly homologous to each other throughout most of their amino acid sequences, suggesting that they have common functions in catalysis. related sequences in both alpha and beta and in other ... | 1982 | 6329717 |
| evaluation of immunological methods for detection of bovine growth hormone (bgh) produced in e. coli. | the use of several immunological methods for studies on synthesis of bovine growth hormone (bgh) by e. coli is described here. the elisa procedure was shown to be the least sensitive and unfit for assaying bgh in e. coli extracts. the solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) proved to be highly sensitive, but since e. coli extract itself (not containing bgh) interfered with the immunological reaction, its use for measuring bgh was practically limited. the best adequate procedure proved to be radioimmu ... | 1982 | 6749998 |
| application of the lal test and the chromogenic substrate test to the detection of endotoxin in human blood products. | 1982 | 6750644 | |
| inhibitory effect of indomethacin on skin permeability reactions mediated by heat-labile enterotoxins of salmonella weltevreden, escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae. | indomethacin, a rapid and intense inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, was used with a view to find out similarity in secretory mechanism of heat-labile enterotoxins of three diarrhoea producing enteric bacteria viz., salmonella weltevreden, escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae in rabbits. a significant inhibition (90% to 94%) of biological activity of indomethacin pretreated salmonella enterotoxin was evident in indomethacin treated rabbits, whereas the biological activity was found comparativ ... | 1982 | 6750983 |
| limited protective effect of rough mutant antisera in murine escherichia coli bacteremia. | previous studies in mice have demonstrated differing immunoprophylactic activity of antisera against rough mutants of enterobacteriaceae in the prevention of lethal gram-negative bacteremia. in this study, in which cf1 mice were made bacteremic with a serum-resistant escherichia coli 06:k2:h1, the composite survival was significantly (p less than 0.001) enhanced by i. v. pre-treatment one to two hours before injection with either normal rabbit sera or antisera to the j5 mutant of e. coli 0111. t ... | 1982 | 6752035 |
| failure to detect conventional enterotoxins in classical enteropathogenic (serotyped) escherichia coli strains of proven pathogenicity. | ammonium sulfate-precipitated supernatants of classical enteropathogenic escherichia coli strains were negative when investigated for enterotoxin production in rabbit ligated ileal loops, rabbit skin vascular permeability factor tests, suckling mice, and y-1 adrenal cells. they also failed to stimulate guanylate cyclase activity in homogenates of rabbit, rat, and infant mouse intestines. furthermore, dna from enteropathogenic e. coli lacked sequences that encode heat-labile and heat-stable enter ... | 1982 | 6754624 |
| production of shigella dysenteriae type 1-like cytotoxin by escherichia coli. | strains of escherichia coli previously implicated or proven to be causes of diarrhea were examined for production of a toxin similar to that of shigella dysenteriae type 1 (shiga). organisms grown in an iron-depleted broth were lysed by pressure disruption followed by ultracentrifugation. saline-dialyzed extracts were tested for cytotoxic effects on hela cells that were neutralizable with antiserum to shiga toxin. among the 13 e. coli strains so analyzed, 11 made a shiga-like cytotoxin in levels ... | 1982 | 6754826 |
| phospholipids and electrolyte changes during experimentally induced diarrhoea in ligated intestinal loops of rabbit. | 1982 | 6757123 | |
| [harmless bacteria - harmful bacteria: unsolved problems of infectiology]. | 1982 | 6758178 | |
| infectious diarrhoeas: weakening of mucosa protection induced in rabbit ileal loops by a pathogenic escherichia coli. | the histological, enzymatic, and electrolyte changes induced by a toxigenic strain of e. coli (0128b12) were studied in the rabbit. after 4 hours of contact with the bacteria, one-third of the goblet cells of the intestinal epithelium were totally degranulated, indicating an increase in the destruction of mucus and hence a weakening of mucosal protection through action of bacterial enzymes. the good histological conservation of the ileal mucosa at the end of the study period was confirmed by the ... | 1982 | 6759057 |
| a histological, enzymatic and water-electrolyte study of the action of smectite, a mucoprotective clay, on experimental infectious diarrhoea in the rabbit. | the histological, enzymatic and water-electrolyte modifications induced by the administration of smectite, a type of clay reputed to be mucoprotective, have been studied in the rabbit ileal mucosa during infection by saprophytic bacteria and toxigenic e. coli 0128b12. smectite diminished the bacterial mucolysis and the destruction of the luminal surface membranes of the intestinal epithelium by pathogenic bacteria, as evidenced by the elevation of the disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase leve ... | 1982 | 6759058 |
| sensitivity of k1-encapsulated escherichia coli to killing by the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein of rabbit and human neutrophils. | the presence of k1 capsular polysaccharides increases the resistance of escherichia coli to killing by serum and phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns). to determine whether k1 capsule impedes the action of intracellular bactericidal systems of pmns, we compared the sensitivity of several k1-encapsulated and non-encapsulated strains of e. coli to killing by the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (bpi) isolated from rabbit and human pmns. bpi appears to be the principal bac ... | 1982 | 6759406 |
| enzymatic reduction of oxidized chemotactic peptide n-formyl-l-methionyl-sulfoxide-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine. | 1982 | 6760863 | |
| experimental bacterial pneumonia in rabbits: polymorphonuclear leukocyte margination and sequestration in rabbit lungs and quantitation and kinetics of 51cr-labeled polymorphonuclear leukocytes in e. coli-induced lung lesions. | a relationship between the circulating and marginal polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) pools was documented using 51cr-labeled leukocytes as a marker. 51cr-leukocytes marginating in the lungs were found to decrease following a first-order exponential decline, while 51cr radioactivity accumulated in the liver and the spleen. intravenously administered endotoxin caused a rapid selective disappearance of pmns from the circulation. the percentage of infused 51cr cells disappearing was equal to the pe ... | 1982 | 6762964 |
| role of lymphatic vessels in bacterial clearance from early soft-tissue infection. | a popular concept regarding the pathophysiologic characteristics of infection is that early bacterial clearance from tissue is an important host defense mechanism. staphylococcus aureus, s epidermidis, escherichia coli, enterococcus, and klebsiella pneumoniae were radiolabeled with tritiated thymidine and injected subcutaneously into rabbit ears. negligible clearance occurred at five hours, and less than 30% of injected bacteria cleared in 24 hours. lymphatic function measured by clearance with ... | 1982 | 7034674 |
| cross-reactivity with escherichia coli k100 in the human serum anticapsular antibody response to haemophilus influenzae type b. | escherichia coli k100 is known to induce antibodies cross-reactive with the capsular polysaccharide (cp) of haemophilus influenzae b (hib); the cross-immunogenicity is found consistently in a number of mammalian species including man. we have studied the reciprocal cross-immunogenicity of hib or its purified cp in man. of 25 adults and 13 children responding to systemic immunization with hib cp, only four and four, respectively, made k100 cp cross-reactive antibody, determined by radioantigen-bi ... | 1982 | 7035561 |
| opsonization of serum-sensitive and serum-resistant escherichia coli by rough mutant (re) antisera. | the antibody binding and susceptibility to opsonization of 11 sr and five ss escherichia coli strains by pooled high-titered rabbit antisera against the core-defective re chemotype mutant of salmonella minnesota r595 were studied. binding of antibody was assessed by an ifa method, and the phagocytic rate was quantitated by measurement of the oxygen consumption of pmns during phagocytosis. a significant correlation was demonstrated between the property of serum sensitivity and both antibody bindi ... | 1982 | 7038008 |
| the role of interleukin 1 in acute phase serum amyloid a (saa) and serum amyloid p (sap) biosynthesis. | the acute phase saa and sap profiles have been compared for localized and endotoxin induced inflammation in lps responder and nonresponder strains of mice. the sap profile can reflect a delay with respect to the start of the increase. its maximum is on the order of ten times the nonacute phase concentration and elevated concentrations are sustained 24 to 48 hours after saa concentration is rapidly decreasing to normal. the role of interleukin 1, known to have an essential role in saa production, ... | 1982 | 6807177 |
| clindamycin: a review of fifteen years of experience. | clindamycin, the 7(s)-chloro-7-deoxy derivative of lincomycin, has stood the test of time in the treatment of anaerobic infections. clindamycin inhibits protein synthesis by acting on the 50s ribosomal subunits of bacteria. the colitis resulting from the use of clindamycin has been extensively studied and is now easily manageable. although newer antibiotics active against anaerobes are available, clindamycin remains a reliable and well-tested antibiotic for use in anaerobic infections. | 1982 | 6818656 |
| the effect of pseudomonas aeruginosa on the immunogenicity of enterobacterial common antigen. | pseudomonas aeruginosa produces a factor (pf) which alters the enterobacterial common antigen (eca). its effect on the immunogenicity of two types of immunogenic eca, namely, the ethanol-soluble preparation freed of lipopolysaccharide and the lps-coupled form from the r-mutant e. coli 014 was investigated. the antibody response following intravenous immunization was determined by means of the hemagglutination test. it is shown that pf abolishes the immunogenicity of the former but not of the lat ... | 1982 | 6820353 |
| protection against colibacillosis in neonatal piglets by immunization of dams with procholeragenoid. | protection against colibacillosis in neonatal piglets was obtained by immunization of pregnant dams with procholeragenoid. procholeragenoid is a stable high-molecular-weight aggregate of cholera toxin formed during the heating of cholera toxin. procholeragenoid retained approximately 1% of the toxicity of native toxin as determined in the rabbit ileal loop and y-1 adrenal cell assays and 5% of the activity in the rabbit skin assay. immunization of pregnant dams with 50 micrograms of procholerage ... | 1982 | 7040250 |
| in vitro cartilage degradation by escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. | effects of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus on cartilage and chondrocytes in culture are reported. under these conditions, bacterial effects on cartilage degradation and cell viability are measured in the absence of inflammation. e coli causes a 28% loss and s aureus an 83% loss of cartilage glycosaminoglycan within 48 hours. collagen content is unchanged. both bacterial species induce chondrocyte death in explants and in monolayers within 48 hours. bacterial effects on glycosaminoglyc ... | 1982 | 7041916 |
| role for endotoxin in the leukocyte infiltration accompanying escherichia coli inflammation. | escherichia coli organisms induce polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmnl) infiltration during clinical infection and also in a rabbit dermal model of inflammation. we investigated the factors which may mediate this host response to e. coli. in vitro incubation of formalin-killed e. coli in heat-inactivated rabbit plasma or balanced salt solution generated in the supernatant factors which induced in vivo pmnl infiltration upon intradermal injection into rabbits. however, these supernatants, in the pre ... | 1982 | 7044973 |
| solid-phase radioimmunoassay for bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | 1982 | 7048010 | |
| determination of motile behaviour of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells by quasi-elastic light scattering. | 1982 | 7048393 | |
| immunotherapy of gram-negative bacterial sepsis: enhanced survival in a guinea pig model by use of rabbit antiserum to escherichia coli j5. | a rough mutant of escherichia coli (j5), which expresses a core lipopolysaccharide antigen common to gram-negative organisms on its cell surface, was used to immunize rabbits. passively transferred anti-e. coli j5 rabbit antiserum (anti-j5 rs), normal rabbit serum (nrs), and saline were compared in a guinea pig model of intravenous gram-negative sepsis, with e. coli 0111:b4 and pseudomonas aeruginosa as challenge organisms. physiologic monitoring demonstrated a consistent pattern associated with ... | 1982 | 7048594 |
| microflora and volatile fatty acids present in inguinal pouches of the wild rabbit,oryctolagus cuniculus, in australia. | contents of inguinal pouches of the wild rabbit,oryctolagus cuniculus, have been examined for the presence of microorganisms and volatile fatty acids. a total of 245 isolates were made from 167 samples taken from 75 rabbits, and microorganisms were obtained from 93% of individuals. the most common microorganism encountered wasstaphylococcus aureus, followed by the yeastcandida kruzei. other organisms isolated werebacillus subtilis,escherichia coli, andstreptococcus faecalis. quantitative analysi ... | 1982 | 24413964 |
| rabbit lung after inhalation of soluble nickel. i. effects on alveolar macrophages. | alveolar macrophages from eight rabbits, exposed for about 1 month (5 days/week, 6 hr/day) to an aerosol of nickel chloride, 0.3 mg/m3 (as ni), were studied. the number of macrophages in the lavage fluid and the variance of the cell diameter increased. the macrophages contained laminated structures and most cells had an active cell surface. a few macrophages had a large number of laminated structures and a smooth cell surface. the capacity of the macrophages to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) ... | 1983 | 6832101 |
| cross-reactivity of haemophilus somnus antibody in agglutination and complement fixation tests and in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the specificity and sensitivity of agglutination, complement fixation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) procedures in the detection of antibodies to haemophilus somnus was investigated. h. somnus rabbit immune sera were found to agglutinate pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, and haemophilus agni and, in some instances, also pasteurella haemolytica, salmonella dublin, streptococcus agalactiae, and corynebacterium pyogenes. in complement fixation tests with saline extracts ... | 1983 | 6841584 |
| some properties of a partially purified inhibitor(s) of protein synthesis from rat-liver mitochondria. | we have previously described an inactive inhibitor of protein synthesis from rat liver mitochondria and its activation by brief incubation with n-ethylmaleimide [wu, j. m. and ibrahim, n.g. (1980) febs lett. 119, 25-28]. to study the mode of action of the mitochondrial translational inhibitor (mti), the relative distribution of monosomes and polysomes in rabbit reticulocyte lysates has been analysed by sucrose gradient centrifugation. these studies show that mti causes a significant decrease in ... | 1983 | 6873068 |
| [intrauterine bacterial and mycotic infections in cows]. | bacteriologic, mycologic, and serologic investigations of cows and calves and three experiments with rabbits were carried out to shed light on the bacteriology and mycology of the intrauterine infections in cows. the following organisms were isolated from the investigated cows that exhibited disturbances in their reproduction, and had abortions, or gave birth to calves that were affected with diseases or died: escherichia coli (17.84%), association of bacteria (7.64%); vibrio genitalis (3.86%); ... | 1983 | 6880018 |
| the metabolic rate during the time course of salicylate antipyresis in the rabbit. | the processes concerned with the production and loss of body heat in sodium salicylate or acetylsalicylic acid antipyresis were investigated in adult rabbits at an ambient temperature of 21.5 +/- 0.5 degrees c. the experimental fever elicited by i.v. injection of lipopolysaccharide escherichia coli (1 microgram/kg) was accompanied by increases in o2 consumption and co2 production as well as decreases in convective heat loss. pretreatment with 200 mg/kg of sodium salicylate (an hour's i.v. infusi ... | 1983 | 6426975 |
| isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against the dna repair enzyme uracil dna glycosylase from human placenta. | a series of monoclonal antibodies has been prepared against the base excision repair enzyme uracil dna glycosylase isolated from human placenta. spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with purified human placental uracil dna glycosylase were fused with either p3x63 ag8.653 or sp2/0 myeloma cells. hybridomas producing antibodies directed against the placental glycosylase were identified in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. each positive hybridoma was cloned twice by limit dilution and tested ... | 1983 | 6577457 |
| [pharmacological, toxicological, microbiological and pathohistological studies of gentamycin complex ii]. | the acute toxicity was determined of the gentamycin complex ii (gmc-ii) for albino mice, containing gentamycin components in a varying ratio. the ld50 at intraperitoneal application was 347.7 mg/kg body mass, while at oral application it was 5,180 mg (4933 divided by 5439) mg/kg body mass. histopathologically, (mice killed with high doses of gmc-ii, given orally) there were diffuse hyperemia of the liver, parenchymal degeneration of the kidney tubuli epithelium, and edema and emphysema of the lu ... | 1983 | 6623911 |
| norfloxacin penetration into subcutaneous tissue cage fluid in rabbits and efficacy in vivo. | the activity of norfloxacin was studied in vivo with steel net cages implanted subcutaneously in rabbits. four weeks after implantation, two of four cages in each animal were inoculated with a strain of escherichia coli (seven animals) or klebsiella pneumoniae (six animals). four animals in each group received oral treatment with norfloxacin for 7 days. treatment was started 18 h after inoculation of the cages. peak concentrations above the in vitro minimal inhibitory concentrations for the stra ... | 1983 | 6221689 |
| nuclear genes coding the yeast mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase complex. isolation of atp2 coding the f1-atpase beta subunit. | a yeast nuclear pet mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking any detectable mitochondrial f1-atpase activity was genetically complemented upon transformation with a pool of wild type genomic dna fragments carried in the yeast escherchia coli shuttle vector yep 13. plasmid-dependent complementation restored both growth of the pet mutant on a nonfermentable carbon source as well as functional mitochondrial atpase activity. characterization of the complementing plasmid by plasmid deletion analysi ... | 1983 | 6225776 |
| development of anti-pp60src serum with antigen produced in escherichia coli. | we have purified p60(src) from bacterial recombinants which direct the synthesis of the rous sarcoma virus transforming gene (src) product. this protein was injected into rabbits, and they produced a highly cross-reactive serum which can recognize the src protein from many different strains of rous sarcoma virus. | 1983 | 6401819 |
| an enzymatically active antigen-antibody probe to measure circulating immune complexes. ii. e. coli beta-galactosidase in the probe and c1q as the recognition unit. | an enzymatically active probe (beta-galactosidase-anti-beta-galactosidase complex) is used to measure circulating immune complexes (cic), in a competition assay where probe and cic are confronted with a 'recognition unit'. the latter is bovine conglutinin in the original description of this method. here we describe a version utilizing human or bovine c1q. the two techniques are compared for their sensitivity and specificity, on both in vitro formed tetanus toxoid-anti-toxoid complexes and on ser ... | 1983 | 6404986 |
| expression of a cloned staphylococcus aureus alpha-hemolysin determinant in bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus. | a dna sequence encoding staphylococcus aureus alpha-hemolysin, which had been previously cloned and mapped in escherichia coli k-12, was introduced into bacillus subtilis bd170 and several strains of s. aureus by using plasmid vectors, some of which could replicate in all three organisms. the determinant was cloned on a 3.3-kilobase pair dna fragment into b. subtilis by using the vector plasmid pxz105 to form the hybrid plasmid pxz111. b. subtilis cells harboring pxz111 produced large zones of a ... | 1983 | 6411618 |
| the serological properties of the cell surface proteins of vibrio cholerae. | the serological properties of cell surface proteins of vibrio cholerae belonging to both the biotypes (classical and el tor) and the serotypes (ogawa and inaba) were investigated. proteins were isolated by extracting v. cholerae with edta in the presence of sodium chloride. the surface localization of these proteins was confirmed with (a) radioiodinated protein a as an immunoprobe and (b) antiserum absorption studies with whole bacteria. there were similarities among the polypeptides of cell sur ... | 1983 | 6415227 |
| automatic and manual latex agglutination tests for measurement of cholera toxin and heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli. | automated and manual latex agglutination methods were employed to measure cholera toxin (ct), heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) of escherichia coli, and their subunits a and b. dow polystyrene latex particles (diameter, 0.22 microns) and polystyrene-chlorostyrene latex particles (diameter, 1 micron) were sensitized by rabbit-specific immunoglobulin for each antigen and used as the reagents of the automated and manual agglutination tests, respectively. automated agglutination was performed by a nephel ... | 1983 | 6298275 |
| restriction analysis of dna from treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis. | when purified dna from pathogenic treponema pallidum is digested with restriction endonucleases it results in the formation of discrete dna fragments which range between 2.5 to 10 kilobase pairs. no such precise fragmentation occurs with dna isolated from nonpathogenic t. pallidum. the appearance of the discrete restriction fragments from the pathogenic t. pallidum dna does not represent a contamination of satellite dna from rabbit, the host in which the organism was propagated, but rather repre ... | 1983 | 6310347 |
| interactions between entamoeba histolytica, bacteria and intestinal cells. | axenically grown pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates of entamoeba histolytica have been shown to adhere to mammalian epithelial cells and bacteria by virtue of carbohydrate-binding proteins present on their cell surfaces. the interaction of amoeba isolates of low pathogenicity with a variety of gram-negative bacteria, mainly escherichia coli strains which are readily ingested by the amoebae after relatively short periods, significantly increased the ability of the trophozoites to: (a) destroy ... | 1983 | 6315320 |
| ratio of active to inactive forms of acyl carrier protein in escherichia coli. | acyl carrier protein (acp) functions as a cofactor in fatty acid biosynthesis due to the covalent linkage of an acyl moiety to its 4'-phosphopantetheine prosthetic group. this prosthetic group undergoes turnover in vivo and since the apoprotein is functionally inactive, the interconversion between acp and apo-acp has been considered as a possible regulatory point in lipid biosynthesis. to investigate this possibility, the ratio of acp to apo-acp was measured in escherichia coli. an apo-acp stand ... | 1983 | 6317688 |
| [ribonucleotide reductase complex]. | 1983 | 6384981 | |
| kinetics of acute inflammation induced by escherichia coli in rabbits. ii. the effect of hyperimmunization, complement depletion, and depletion of leukocytes. | the inflammatory response to escherichia coli was quantitated in the skin of normal rabbits and the kinetics established as described previously. hyperemia, measured with radiolabeled microspheres; vascular permeability, estimated with 125 i-albumin; and leukocyte infiltration, quantitated with 51cr-labeled autologous leukocytes, reached maximal values 3 hours after the injection of bacteria and subsided almost completely by 6 hours. hemorrhage, measured with homologous 59fe-erythrocytes, contin ... | 1983 | 6336905 |
| inactivation of antiadherence effect of bladder surface glycosaminoglycan by a complete urinary carcinogen (n-methyl-n-nitrosourea). | the glycosaminoglycan layer at the bladder surface nonspecifically blocks the adherence of bacteria, ions and molecules to the epithelium. it may be an important element in the 1st line of defense against infection, calculi and even carcinogens for the transitional cells of the bladder. to determine whether the bladder glycosaminoglycan layer plays a role in preventing carcinogenesis, we tested the effect of a complete urinary carcinogen, n-methyl-n-nitrosourea, on the glycosaminoglycan barrier ... | 1983 | 6338250 |
| d-galactosamine liver injury: absorption of endotoxin and protective effect of small bowel and colon resection in rabbits. | d-galactosamine is an amino sugar with unique hepatotoxic properties in animals. although the mechanism of liver injury by galactosamine remains controversial, a role for bacterial endotoxin has been suggested. in the present study, using new zealand rabbits, we show that the significant increase in serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase which followed the injection of 4.25 mmole/kg of d-galactosamine was completely prevented in animals subjected to resection of small bowel and colon. using an ... | 1983 | 6338507 |
| effect of methylprednisolone on entry of ampicillin and gentamicin into cerebrospinal fluid in experimental pneumococcal and escherichia coli meningitis. | the influence of methylprednisolone on the passage of ampicillin and gentamicin into and activity within cerebrospinal fluid was examined in two models of experimental meningitis. steroid pretreatment reduced the concentrations of these drugs in purulent cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with experimental pneumococcal and escherichia coli meningitis (p less than 0.05). however, the resultant mean concentrations of these antibiotics in cerebrospinal fluid still exceeded the minimal bactericidal conc ... | 1983 | 6338816 |
| differential toxicity of inhaled gram-negative bacteria. | the toxicity by inhalation of various gram-negative bacteria, isolated from settings associated with inhalation disease, was studied by a variety of means. these microorganisms were not equally toxic. citrobacter freundii aerosol challenges of rabbits provoked significant (up to fivefold) increases in plasma haptoglobin 24 to 48 h after inhalation. other strains tested failed to provoke such statistically consistent increases. measurements of c-reactive protein in these same animals did not lead ... | 1983 | 6339400 |
| pharmacokinetics and bacteriological effect of ceftazidime in experimental streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and escherichia coli meningitis. | the pharmacokinetics and bacteriological effect of ceftazidime were evaluated in rabbits experimentally infected with streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae type b, and escherichia coli k1. the mean penetration of ceftazidime into cerebrospinal fluid after single-dose or constant-infusion administration ranged from 7.8 to 14.9%. the median cerebrospinal fluid bactericidal titers were 1:64 against s. pneumoniae and h. influenzae and 1:128 against e. coli. the bacterial colony counts in ... | 1983 | 6340600 |
| alpha-glucan phosphorylases catalyze the glucosyl transfer from alpha-d-glucosyl fluoride to oligosaccharides. | regulated and nonregulated phosphorylases were found to catalyze in a slow, orthophosphate dependent reaction the direct transfer of the glucosyl residue from alpha-d-glucosyl fluoride to an oligosaccharide primer. the enzyme catalyzed formation of the glucosyl residue requires stereospecific protonation of alpha-d-glucosyl fluoride by a brønstedt acid. the results are interpreted by a mechanism whereby phosphate acts as a proton shuttle and the cofactor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is required to pro ... | 1983 | 6340672 |
| partial purification and characterization of an escherichia coli toxic factor that induces morphological cell alterations. | a factor produced by several strains of escherichia coli isolated from enteritis-affected children has been shown to produce both a necrotizing effect on rabbit skin and striking morphological alterations on cho, vero, and hela cells. the same strains were found to have hemolytic activity on sheep erythrocytes. the toxic, cell-altering factor was demonstrated to be different from both heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins and from vero toxin. the main effect induced by the isolated factor on ... | 1983 | 6341235 |
| inhibition of enterotoxin from escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae by gangliosides from human milk. | inhibitory activity of enterotoxin from escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae was associated with the ganglioside fraction of human milk. both the milk fat and skim milk contained gangliosides that inhibited the toxins. the most purified milk fraction contained three glycolipid components, of which two migrated close to ganglioside gm1 on thin-layer chromatography plates. a component with a slightly different mobility from gm1 appeared to be associated with the inhibitory activity. milk gangliosi ... | 1983 | 6341242 |
| from the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases. summary of a workshop on enteropathogenic escherichia coli. | 1983 | 6343525 | |
| drug resistance and r plasmids in escherichia coli isolated from laboratory animals. | 1983 | 6345875 | |
| identification and preliminary characterization of treponema pallidum protein antigens expressed in escherichia coli. | we have previously described the construction in escherichia coli k-12 of a hybrid plasmid colony bank of treponema pallidum (nichols strain) genomic dna. by screening a portion of this bank with an in situ immunoassay, we identified six e. coli clones that express t. pallidum antigens. in this study, the recombinant plasmids from each of these clones have been analyzed in e. coli maxicells and have been found to encode a number of proteins that are not of vector pbr322 origin and are, therefore ... | 1983 | 6347894 |
| protective effects of antibody against intestinal invasion by escherichia coli. | seven escherichia coli isolates from newborn calves with diarrhea were examined for enteropathogenic properties. one isolate penetrated into hela cells, four produced enterotoxin(s) and the remaining two possessed neither of these properties. penetration of e. coli into hela cells was inhibited by antibody in bovine colostrum and in bovine and rabbit immune sera. the effective antibodies appeared to be mostly of the igm class. the invasion by e. coli isolates was also examined by inoculation of ... | 1983 | 6350831 |
| [comparative studies on the isolation of a thermolabile enterotoxin from escherichia coli]. | 1983 | 6350990 | |
| a low-mr factor isolated from escherichia coli inhibits eukaryotic in vitro protein synthesis. | the effect of a low-mr factor, partially purified from e. coli b, was investigated in e. coli, reticulocyte, and wheat germ lysate in vitro protein synthesis systems. equal concentrations of factor were needed to inhibit protein synthesis in the eukaryotic system as compared to the prokaryotic system. experiments suggested that the factor inhibits the initiation step in the eukaryotic systems. | 1983 | 6352334 |
| metabolic and hormonal response to endotoxin fever in fed and starved one-week rabbits. | the metabolic and hormonal effect of escherichia coli endotoxin injected intraperitoneally was studied in fed and starved rabbits aged 6-9 days. fed rabbits responded to endotoxin with fever, starved animals became hypothermic. endotoxin caused a transient rise in blood glucose in both groups which was associated with a rise in plasma insulin concentration. blood glycerol levels fell only in starved rabbits, and hydroxybutyrate concentration in both groups following endotoxin treatment. no chang ... | 1983 | 6357299 |
| cloning and expression of treponema pallidum (nichols) antigen genes in escherichia coli. | hybrid pbr322 plasmid clone banks comprised of more than 125,000 recombinant dna clones and representing the entire treponema pallidum nichols genome were constructed in escherichia coli k-12 rr1. the two clone banks individually contain over 53,000 and 72,000 recombinant clones. the number average and mass average sizes of the cloned dna inserts were found to be approximately 12 and 13 kilobase pairs, respectively, indicating the presence of large treponemal dna inserts in a majority of recombi ... | 1983 | 6358023 |
| enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic escherichia coli in galicia (north-west spain). | we have studied the incidence of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic escherichia coli strains associated with infant diarrhoeal disease in galicia (north-west spain). during a period of 9 months we isolated heat-labile enterotoxin-positive strains in 2.1% of children with diarrhoea examined, whereas the production of heat-stable enterotoxin was detected in 1.1% of them. enteropathogenic strains were isolated from 5.3% of the children with diarrhoea, but none of these strains released heat-labil ... | 1983 | 6358820 |
| high levels of heat labile escherichia coli enterotoxin in bacterial cell sonicates of agar grown cultures. | escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin from 5 strains of human and animal origin was detected in broth cultures and agar-plate culture sonicates by using cho and y-1 adrenal cells and rabbit intestinal loop assay. cell sonicates possessed higher levels of heat-labile enterotoxin than supernatants of broth cultures. highest levels of heat-labile (lt) enterotoxin were detected in the sonicates of cultures grown on blood agar, followed by those grown on macconkey, and lactose agar respectively. | 1983 | 6359776 |
| sequence homology between prokaryotic and eukaryotic forms of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. | the sequence of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides from cytosolic and mitochondrial rabbit liver serine hydroxymethyltransferase are compared to the proposed sequence of a protein coded for by the glya gene of escherichia coli. the e. coli glya gene is believed to code for serine hydroxymethyltransferase. extensive sequence homology between these peptides were found for the proposed e. coli enzyme in the aminoterminal two-thirds of the molecule. all three proteins have identical sequences from re ... | 1983 | 6360170 |
| immunoprophylaxis of gram-negative infections: background for a prophylactic study of purified anticore-glycolipid immunoglobulins in neutropenic patients. | 1983 | 6361989 | |
| intravascular coagulation as a clinical manifestation of the shwartzman reaction. | 1983 | 6365074 | |
| antibodies to escherichia coli k and o antigens in protection against acute pyelonephritis. | 1983 | 6187016 | |
| leukocyte recovery with short-chain rna fragments in cyclophosphamide-treated rabbits. | single-stranded short-chain rna fragments, obtained by mild degradation of purified escherichia coli ribosomal rna(s) with pancreatic rnase a, exhibit particular biologic activities in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, these rna fragments are used by dna-dependent dna polymerase i as primers to initiate the replication of dna(s) isolated from rabbit bone marrow and spleen; they are inactive with dna isolated from several normal tissues and cancerous cells. administered iv, rna fragments restore a nor ... | 1983 | 6191862 |
| immunopathogenesis of chronic pyelonephritis. | immunopathologic responses to urinary tamm-horsfall protein in the development of chronic pyelonephritis were examined by four different approaches. first, in a rabbit model, tubulointerstitial nephritis developed in 64 of 102 rabbits injected intravenously with urine or rabbit tamm-horsfall protein as compared with only one of 17 rabbits in two control groups. circulating cytotoxic lymphocytes plus immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies against tamm-horsfall protein were found in 51 percent of chall ... | 1983 | 6192715 |
| receptor analogues and anti-pili antibodies as inhibitors of bacterial attachment in vivo and in vitro. | 1983 | 6135384 | |
| monoclonal antibodies against colonization factor antigen i pili from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies directed against intact colonization factor antigen i pili have been produced by the fusion of spleen cells from immunized balb/c mice with ns1/sp2 myeloma cells. the four monoclones with the highest antibody titer, as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (elisa), were chosen for antibody amplification by production of mouse ascitic fluid. these four were examined for antibody specificity by elisa and immunoblot assays, using six different pilu ... | 1983 | 6136463 |
| genetics of digalactoside-binding adhesin from a uropathogenic escherichia coli strain. | the uropathogenic strain escherichia coli j96 mediates mannose-resistant hemagglutination owing to production of a digalactoside-binding adhesin. a cosmid clone from this strain has been isolated that, when harbored in e. coli k-12, expressed pap pili and this adhesin (r. hull et al., infect. immun. 33:933-938, 1981). by transposon mutagenesis and by the construction of a number of hybrid plasmid derivatives, we have demonstrated that about 8.5 kilobases of dna is required to generate a mannose- ... | 1983 | 6136465 |
| specific adherence of escherichia coli (strain rdec-1) to membranous (m) cells of the peyer's patch in escherichia coli diarrhea in the rabbit. | the rdec-1 strain escherichia coli is an enteroadherent bacterium that produces diarrhea in the rabbit. a histopathologically similar disease has been described in humans. the rdec-1 bacterium adheres to the epithelium of lymphoid follicles in rabbit ileal peyer's patches by 4 h postinoculation, 3-4 d before its adherence to absorptive epithelium. the purpose of this study was to determine whether the rdec-1 bacterium adheres to a specific cell type in the lymphoid follicle epithelium. rdec-1 ba ... | 1983 | 6129261 |
| immunization with rough mutants of salmonella minnesota. iv. protection by antisera to o and rough antigens against endotoxin. | the protection by antisera to o antigens and antigens (lipid a, the re 595 mutant of salmonella minnesota, and the j5 mutant of escherichia coli) of the core portion of endotoxin against lethal challenge with lipopolysaccharide (lps) was compared. rabbits immunized with the re mutant developed antibody that protected mice against challenge with s. minnesota or salmonella typhosa lps. antisera to heterologous o antigen and lipid a were not protective, whereas homologous antisera and antiserum to ... | 1983 | 6185599 |
| identification of gag and env gene products of human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv). | the gag and env gene products of human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv) were identified with rabbit antisera against the synthetic peptides and a polypeptide produced in escherichia coli, which corresponded to parts of the proteins predicted from the nucleotide sequence of htlv [m. seiki, s. hattori, y. hirayama, and m. yoshida (1983). proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 80, 3618-3622]. viral proteins were detected by immunoprecipitation in two htlv-producing cell lines. the precursor of gag products was a p ... | 1984 | 6087548 |
| protein products of the bithorax complex in drosophila. | a sequence from the ubx 5' exon in the bithorax complex of drosophila melanogaster was expressed as a fusion protein in bacteria. this protein was used to raise rabbit antisera and monoclonal antibodies. these antibodies detect antigens that, on protein blots and by immunofluorescence on whole mounts of imaginal discs, show the predicted segmental distribution of ubx products. these products are predominantly, if not totally, localized in the cell nucleus. in the embryonic nervous system nuclei ... | 1984 | 6091908 |
| a membrane protein encoded by epstein-barr virus in latent growth-transforming infection. | the nucleotide sequence of an epstein-barr virus gene expressed in latently infected growth-transformed cells is known to include a long open reading frame containing a 33-base-pair repeat element. a bacterial fusion protein constructed from a portion of the reading frame and escherichia coli beta-galactosidase was used to produce sera in rabbits against the previously unidentified gene product. the viral protein detected with these sera in latently infected cells varies in size with the number ... | 1984 | 6095274 |
| infectious agents associated with diarrhoea in commercial rabbits: a field study. | over a period of 9 months the occurrence of parasites, bacteria and viruses has been examined in diarrhoeic rabbits from 21 commercial rabbitries and related with clinical signs and gross and microscopic lesions. infectious disease agents have been found in 71.5% of the animals. escherichia coli (atec) were found to be attached to the luminal intestinal border of 40% of the rabbits examined. this was associated with moderate to high mortality, caecal oedema, severe swelling of mesenteric lymph n ... | 1984 | 6097152 |
| in vitro biosynthesis and membrane insertion of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. | gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase consists of two polypeptide chains anchored to the kidney brush-border membrane only through a short hydrophobic domain near the nh2-terminal end of the heavy subunit. the two subunits were reported to derive from a single polypeptide precursor by tissue labeling experiments. we have investigated the first steps of ggt biosynthesis and processing in a cell-free system. mrna was prepared from kidney and enriched in specific sequences by a preparative gel electrophore ... | 1984 | 6143750 |
| a virulence plasmid in escherichia coli enterotoxigenic for humans: intergenetic transfer and expression. | we studied the colonization-factor antigen i (cfa/i) fimbriae- and heat-stable enterotoxin (st)-coding plasmid of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (strain h10407, serotype o78:h11) pathogenic for humans. with use of conjugal-transfer system of e. coli h10407 and transposon-labeling techniques, the virulence plasmid was shown to be transferable to many species of the family enterobacteriaceae, including the enteropathogens, shigella and salmonella species, and the opportunistic pathogens, klebsie ... | 1984 | 6149247 |
| fimbria-like hemagglutinin of escherichia coli o75 strains. | fifteen strains of escherichia coli o75 from human feces and patients with urinary tract infections were analyzed for their hemagglutinative properties, production of hemolysin and colicin, and plasmid contents. fourteen strains produced type-1 fimbriae in broth culture. nine of the strains agglutinated human p1 and p erythrocytes, i.e., possessed an x adhesin (x hemagglutinin). all but one of the x+ strains agglutinated human but not sheep or rabbit erythrocytes. of the 15 strains, 4 had p fimb ... | 1984 | 6150006 |
| characterization of new hydrophobic pili of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli: a possible new colonization factor. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains were divided into five groups on the basis of their bacterial surface hydrophobicity (honda et al., fems microbiol. lett. 17:273-276, 1983). strains in group iii showed heat-stable high hydrophobicity, although they did not show mannose-resistant hemagglutination with either human or bovine erythrocytes. e. coli strain 260-1 in group iii was characterized. electron microscopic examination revealed the presence of pili on the surface of this strain, but no ... | 1984 | 6199307 |
| sequencing of laminin b chain cdnas reveals c-terminal regions of coiled-coil alpha-helix. | cdnas for laminin b chains have been isolated from a parietal endoderm cdna library in puc8 and puc9. identification is based on: ability to direct the synthesis in escherichia coli of polypeptides carrying laminin antigen determinants, in vitro translation of hybrid selected mrna, and hybridization to high mol. wt. rna differentially expressed in cells synthesizing large amounts of laminin. the plasmid ppe9 hybrid selects mrna for the b2 (mol. wt. 185 000) chain and provides 217 residues of c-t ... | 1984 | 6209134 |
| detection of bovine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli: a comparative study of a direct fluorescent antibody technique and conventional culturing methods. | 1984 | 6365240 | |
| lipid a fractions analyzed by a technique involving thin-layer chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), with alkaline phosphatase as enzyme, was used for the study of antigenicity of lipid a fractions directly on thin-layer chromatographic (tlc) plates. for visualization a gel slab containing the enzyme substrate was placed on the plate containing enzyme-conjugated antibodies. the plate was read by a thin-layer chromatogram spectrophotometer. the immunoassay was both highly specific and quite sensitive. sensitivity was superior to levels obtain ... | 1984 | 6365543 |
| purification and identification of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine as the major peptide neutrophil chemotactic factor produced by escherichia coli. | chemotactic factor-enriched butanol extracts from escherichia coli culture filtrates were fractionated and purified by high pressure liquid chromatography. the yield from individual fractions of biological activity (lysosomal enzyme secretion) and antigenic activity (competition with [3h]fmet-leu-phe for binding to rabbit anti-fmet-leu-phe) revealed an average 50% recovery of original material. five peaks of biological activity were separated as demonstrated by enzyme-releasing activity. three o ... | 1984 | 6371005 |
| rapid visual detection of escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae heat-labile enterotoxins by nitrocellulose enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a modification of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for a sensitive and rapid visual detection of heat-labile enterotoxins from escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae is described. small amounts of bacterial supernatant fluids are bound to nitrocellulose filters which are used as sorbents in the nitrocellulose enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the test is based on the immunological similarity between v. cholerae and e. coli heat-labile enterotoxins. six isolates of v. cholerae and 48 isolates ... | 1984 | 6371043 |
| effect of human polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes on chromosomal and plasmid dna of escherichia coli. role of acid dnase. | phagocytosis and killing by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes are important host resistance factors against invading microorganisms. evidence showing that killing is rapidly followed by degradation of bacterial components is limited. therefore, we studied the fate of escherichia coli dna following phagocytosis of e. coli by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes. [3h]thymidine-labeled, unencapsulated e. coli pc2166 and e. coli 048k1 were incubated in serum, washed, and added to ... | 1984 | 6371056 |
| phagocytosis and killing of escherichia coli x43 by individual resident mouse peritoneal macrophages assessed by an autoradiographic technique. | an autoradiographic technique for the determination of viable bacteria in individual cells is described, based on the incorporation of [3h]thymidine into the dna of viable escherichia coli x43, following phagocytosis by resident mouse peritoneal macrophages. the results of the autoradiographic technique were in overall agreement with viable colony counts. investigation of the killing of e. coli x43 with the autoradiographic technique showed that the percentage viable bacteria tended to be the sa ... | 1984 | 6371139 |
| the role of lipopolysaccharides in the action of the bactericidal/permeability-increasing neutrophil protein on the bacterial envelope. | the killing of gram-negative bacteria by the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein ( bpi ) of neutrophils requires surface binding, and is accompanied by a discrete increase in outer membrane permeability to small hydrophobic substances. this outer membrane alteration appears to be related to perturbation of outer membrane lipopolysaccharides (lps). bpi causes extracellular release of lps, but only at supra-saturating doses. nevertheless, because the organization of lps in the outer membr ... | 1984 | 6373924 |
| an experimental model for pyogenic liver abscess. | we have developed a reproducible small-animal model for pyogenic liver abscess, suitable for investigating diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. male new zealand white rabbits weighing 2-3 kg were anaesthetized and the liver exposed. gentle pressure was applied with forceps to the right hepatic lobe. a suspension of 10(5) colony forming units (cfu) escherichia coli plus fusobacterium necrophorum (10(6) cfu) plus bacteroides fragilis (10(6) cfu) was immediately injected into a mesenteric vein. t ... | 1984 | 6373947 |
| the beta subunit of e. coli glycyl-trna synthetase plays a major role in trna recognition. | the contributions made by the alpha and beta subunits of e. coli glycyl-trna synthetase to the recognition of trna have been investigated via binding and immunological methods. using the nitrocellulose filter assay, we have shown that isolated beta subunit, but not the alpha subunit, binds [14c]glycyl-trna with an affinity comparable to that of the native enzyme. further, the data indicate that the beta subunit possesses one binding site for glycyl-trna while the native or reconstituted enzyme ( ... | 1984 | 6374618 |
| pharmacokinetics and bacteriological efficacy of mezlocillin in experimental escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes meningitis. | the purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and bacteriological effect of mezlocillin in experimental meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes and two escherichia coli strains. the half-life of mezlocillin in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) was approximately twice that in serum of experimentally infected animals, and the penetration of drug into csf was 5 to 15% after a single dose and 5 to 20% after continuous-infusion experiments. the bactericidal titer in csf for both suscept ... | 1984 | 6375552 |
| dna polymerase i and dna primase complex in yeast. | chromatographic analysis of poly(dt) replication activity in fresh yeast extracts showed that the activities required co-fractionate with the yeast dna polymerase i. since poly(dt) replication requires both a primase and a dna polymerase, the results of the fractionation studies suggest that these two enzymes might exist as a complex in the yeast extract. sucrose gradient analysis of concentrated purified yeast dna polymerase i preparations demonstrates that the yeast dna polymerase i does sedim ... | 1984 | 6376490 |
| effects of human antithrombin iii on mortality and blood coagulation induced in rabbits by endotoxin. | twenty-one rabbits were infused with 20 micrograms/kg/hr of e. coli endotoxin for 6 hr. eight of the animals were preinjected immediately before the infusion of endotoxin, with a bolus dose of human at iii calculated to increase the antithrombin content of the plasma by about 4 units/ml. all eight animals which were preinjected with at iii survived, while 5 of the 13 control rabbits infused with endotoxin alone died. the changes in coagulation parameters from the baseline values, between the 8 c ... | 1984 | 6377565 |
| experimental uveitis. elicited by peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complexes, lipopolysaccharide, and muramyl dipeptide. | uveitis could be a reaction to bacterial debris disseminated to the eye from extraocular sites of infection. in this study, we relate the composition of several bacterial components to their inflammatory properties in the eye. groups of rabbits were injected intravitreously with peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (pg-ps) complexes isolated from group a streptococci, escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps), or synthetic muramyl dipeptide (mdp). the lipid a region of lps and the glycan backbone of pg ... | 1984 | 6378157 |