Publications

three-dimensional structures of aspartate aminotransferase from escherichia coli and its mutant enzyme at 2.5 a resolution.	the structure of escherichia coli aspartate aminotransferase complex with the inhibitor 2-methylaspartate, and that of the mutant enzyme in which an arginine was substituted for a lysine residue thereby forming a schiff base with the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, were determined at 2.5 a resolution, by the molecular replacement method using the known structure of pig cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase. the enzyme catalyzes the reversible transamination between l-aspartate and alpha-ketoglut ...	1990	2121725
protection of cattle and swine against foot-and-mouth disease, using biosynthetic peptide vaccines.	a single dose of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) virus protein 1 (vp1) peptide, expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with 190 amino acids (aa) of the le' protein of the tryptophan operon of e coli, elicited an immune response in steers sufficient to withstand the challenge of exposure to animals with acute fmd. the 58-micrograms dose of viral peptide, composed of a segment of the vp1 from the a12 strain (a12) of fmd virus (fmdv; a12-32dimer) in a tandem repeat configuration of aa137 th ...	1990	2154148
detection of renal scarring by dmsa scanning--an experimental study.	using the established piglet model, renal scars were produced by a combination of vesicoureteric reflux and urinary infection. the presence and extent of scarring, as determined by postmortem examination, was compared with that detected by technetium 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (dmsa) scans performed before sacrifice. sixty female piglets (62 refluxing units) were studied. overall the sensitivity (true-positive/(true-positive + false-negative)) of dmsa scanning in detecting macroscopic scarring ...	1990	2158539
failure of endotoxic shock to elicit superoxide anion production in pig brain.	endotoxin shock in pigs alters cerebral blood flow regulation. this study sought 1) to evaluate global cerebral electrical function using somatosensory evoked potential and 2) to determine if superoxide anion free radical (o2-) is generated in brain following endotoxin infusion. five female pigs received e. coli endotoxin (0.1 mg/kg i.v.) and supplemental fluid to maintain cardiac output at control levels. somatosensory evoked potential was generated before and after endotoxin infusion, and nitr ...	1990	2160865
differences in susceptibility of inbred and outbred infant mice to enterotoxigenic escherichia coli of bovine, porcine and human origin.	infant mice from outbred swiss of1 and from inbred dba/2, c57bl/6, balb/cby and cba strains were screened for usefulness in the diarrhoea model with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains of bovine, porcine and human origin. mouse strains were either weakly susceptible or not susceptible to etec strains of porcine or human origin bearing antigen k88, 987p, cfa/i or cfa/ii. in contrast, some mouse strains were highly susceptible to bovine and porcine etec strains bearing k99 or f41 or bo ...	1990	2179554
expression and refolding of recombinant human fibroblast procathepsin d.	procathepsin d is a precursor of the human lysosomal protease cathepsin d. due to its short half-life, procathepsin d is difficult to obtain in quantities sufficient to allow structural and enzymatic studies. to obtain large quantities of this precursor, procathepsin d was expressed using the t7 promoter vector pet3a in bacteria that carry a chromosomal copy of the t7 rna polymerase gene under the control of the lac promoter. at high cell density in rich medium, basal levels of t7 rna polymerase ...	1990	2180427
retropseudogenes constitute the major part of the human elongation factor 1 alpha gene family.	the elongation factor 1 alpha (ef-1 alpha) is a protein which promotes the gtp-dependent binding of aminoacyl-trna to ribosomes in the protein synthesis process. a human gene coding for ef-1 alpha has previously been cloned and sequenced along with a pseudo-gene. here, we have further analyzed the family of human ef-1 alpha genes. using an ef-1 alpha cdna as probe twelve genomic ef-1 alpha-like clones were isolated and analyzed. four of these were sequenced and found to contain ef-1 alpha retrop ...	1990	2183196
receptor-active glycolipids of epithelial cells of the small intestine of young and adult pigs in relation to susceptibility to infection with escherichia coli k99.	glycolipids from mucosa scrapings of small intestine of neonatal and adult pigs were tested by the thin-layer chromatogram overlay assay for the binding of escherichia coli k99. there was practically no binding to acid or non-acid glycolipids of adult pig, known to be resistant to infection with this bacterium. however, piglets, which are susceptible to infection, showed a clear binding to a doublet band in the acid glycolipid fraction. the receptor-active glycolipid was isolated and shown by ma ...	1990	2185031
factor xa cleavage of fusion proteins. elimination of non-specific cleavage by reversible acylation.	a method is described for the elimination of non-specific cleavage of fusion proteins by factor xa. putative non-specific cleavage sites c-terminal to lysyl residues are blocked by reversible acylation by 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride prior to cleavage. after cleavage, the acyl groups are removed quantitatively by exposure to slightly acidic conditions. this method employs no harsh reagents or conditions, and may be generally applicable to factor xa cleavage of fusion proteins.	1990	2185034
demonstration of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in diarrheic broiler chicks.	an investigation was made to survey the possible presence of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) in the stools of diarrheal chicks. we analyzed two outbreaks of diarrhea in broiler chicks at two independent farms in the philippines, from which no pathogens other than escherichia coli were found. in one outbreak at farm #1, all 42 isolates produced heat-labile enterotoxin (lt), with 3 of these isolates also producing heat-stable enterotoxin (st). the o serotypes of 15 strains tested randomly ...	1990	2188851
construction of a bivalent oral vaccine for prevention of typhoid fever and cholera diarrhea.	a recombinant plasmid pmm-ctb containing the gene for production of the nontoxic b subunit of vibrio cholera was transferred into a safe, effective and attenuated oral vaccine ty21a strain of salmonella typhi. the resulting ty21a (pmm-ctb) could steadily produce ct-b subunit that was secreted extracellularly and had the same antigenicity as ct-b produced by v. cholera. furthermore, the characteristics of the antigenicity, the persistance in mice and the galactose sensitivity possessed in the str ...	1990	2190570
molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of another variant of the escherichia coli shiga-like toxin ii family.	escherichia coli strain h.i.8 (o128:b12) produces low levels of a shiga-like toxin (slt) which we have called sltiiva because of its close relationship with sltiiv. the vero cell cytotoxicity of sltiiva is neutralized by antisera against sltii and sltiiv but not by antisera against slti. these data indicate that the slt of strain h.i.8 is a member of the sltii family. since sltiiva shares with sltiiv the property of having low cytotoxicity to hela cells compared with vero cells, it is appropriat ...	1990	2200845
evidence for in vivo synthesis of thiamin triphosphate by cytosolic adenylate kinase in chicken skeletal muscle.	we showed previously that cytosolic adenylate kinase (ak1) purified from pig skeletal muscle catalyzes in vitro formation of thiamin triphosphate (ttp) from thiamin diphosphate (tdp) and adp in addition to atp formation from adp [shikata, h. et al. (1989) biochem. int. 18, 933-942]. to obtain evidence for in vivo synthesis of ttp by ak1, changes in ttp content and ak1 activity were determined in chicken skeletal muscle during development after hatching. thiamin phosphate metabolism in chicken sk ...	1990	2229026
effect of creep feeding on the incidence, duration and severity of post-weaning diarrhoea in pigs.	the effect of creep feeding on the response of pigs weaned at two or three weeks old to infection with an enteropathogenic strain of escherichia coli (o149; k91[b], k88 a, c [l]) was studied in two separate experiments. gastric intubation was adopted to regulate the intake of creep feed during the sucking period. animals were given the enteropathogenic strain either before weaning or at weaning and the course and outcome of the infection followed bacteriologically and clinically. the response of ...	1990	2236922
host defence and bacterial growth in fosfomycin-treated peritonitis. experimental observations in pigs.	an approximately steady state of bacterial density intraperitoneally has been observed in bacterial peritonitis. this state, which follows an initial (0-4 h) phase of rapid elimination of bacteria, was now studied in a model of porcine peritonitis. twelve pigs were intra-abdominally infected with 10(10) cfu each of escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis. six of the pigs received no antibiotic and six were given two doses of fosfomycin (anti-aerobic), 1 g i.v., with the aim of disturbing possi ...	1990	2239053
[morphologic changes in the intestine of swine after infection with verotoxin-producing escherichia coli].	spontaneous morphologic lesions are described in 12 of 66 pigs submitted for necropsy. all 12 pigs were culture positive for verotoxin-producing e. coli (vtec). 10 of them were weaned pigs, one a suckling piglet and one a fattening hog. in 6 cases e. coli serovar 0139:h1 and in one case each the serovars 0139:h40; 0138:h-; 0125ac:h27 and 0154:h- were isolated. from the fecal samples of 2 animals e. coli ont (o-group non typable):h- were cultured. macroscopically there were cyanosis, edema of the ...	1990	2242731
early response in neonatal septicemia. the effect of escherichia coli, streptococcus agalactiae and tumor necrosis factor on the generation of lactoferrin.	using an in vitro model, we report the early effect of escherichia coli (e. coli), streptococcus agalactiea (group b streptococci, gbs) and recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf) on the release of lactoferrin (lf) and the generation of interleukin-1 (il-1) due to e. coli, using heparinized whole blood from healthy full-term newborns. we wanted to find a dose response relationship between lactoferrin generation on the one hand and the amount of e. coli, gbs and tnf on the other hand. in a ...	1990	2248767
role of tryptophan 248 in the active site of tryptophanase from escherichia coli.	tryptophan 248, located in the active site of tryptophanase from escherichia coli, has been replaced with phenylalanine by site-directed mutagenesis. judging from cd and fluorescence spectra, the global structure of the mutant enzyme was found to be the same as that of the wild-type enzyme. the binding affinity of the mutant enzyme for the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp) was reduced tenfold compared to the wild-type enzyme. kinetic analyses under plp-saturated conditions indicated that the ...	1990	2260981
early detection of gastrointestinal mucosal ischemia in porcine e. coli sepsis.	the aim of this study was to investigate the oxygenation of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa using indirect ph measurements in a porcine septic model (intravenous infusion of live e. coli). by means of intraluminally placed balloon catheters (tonomitior) permeable to co2, intramucosal ph (phi) was calculated using the henderson-hasselbalch equation. cardiopulmonary hemodynamics and portal blood flow were measured using swan-ganz catheters. samples were taken from the gastrointestinal tract for ...	1990	2264440
pulmonary capillary pressure and gas exchange after e. coli bacteremia in pigs.	in 9 goettingen minipigs we studied the effect of e. coli bacteremia on effective pulmonary capillary pressure and the longitudinal distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance. precapillary pressure gradient (dpa) was calculated as the difference between mean pulmonary artery pressure (mpp) and effective pulmonary capillary pressure (pc) (dpa = mpp-pc), postcapillary pressure gradient (dpv) as the difference between pc and left atrial pressure (dpv = pc-lap). the disturbance of pulmonary gas e ...	1990	2286730
streptococcus suis infection in swine. a sixteen month study.	a total of 349 isolates of streptococcus suis retrieved from different tissues from diseased pigs were examined in this study. only 48% of them could be categorized as one of serotypes 1 to 8 and 1/2. among typable isolates, serotype 2 was the most prevalent (23%), followed by serotype 3 (10%). the majority of all isolates originated from lungs, meninges/brain, and multiple tissues. forty-one percent of typable isolates and 33% of untypable isolates were retrieved in pure culture. other isolates ...	1990	2306668
cloning of the toxin gene from pasteurella multocida and its role in atrophic rhinitis.	the gene for the osteolytic toxin of pasteurella multocida has been cloned into a plasmid vector and expressed off its own promoter in escherichia coli. particular restriction endonucleases failed to cut the gene and regions flanking it, suggesting an a + t base ratio significantly greater than the remaining genome of p. multocida. cloned toxin was indistinguishable from the native toxin with respect to molecular mass, antigenicity and toxicity in different tests. a single intraperitoneal inject ...	1990	2351955
aromatic-dependent salmonella as live vaccine presenters of foreign epitopes as inserts in flagellin.	synthetic oligonucleotides specifying amino acid sequences identified as epitopes of various foreign antigens (cholera toxin subunit b, hepatitis b surface protein and others) have been inserted at an ecorv-ecorv deletion site in a cloned salmonella flagellin gene; the resulting plasmids, when placed in flagellin-negative escherichia coli or salmonella sp. strains, caused production of flagellin expressing the epitope. if the chimeric flagellin allowed formation of flagella, the epitope was expo ...	1990	1714093
drug-susceptibility and isolation of a plasmid in haemophilus (actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae.	we isolated 56 haemophilus (actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae strains from the pneumonic porcine lung tissues and tested them for antimicrobial susceptibility. two drug-resistant strains were obtained. one, named kh-265, was resistant to streptomycin (sm) and sulfonamide (sa), and the other, named kh-195, was resistant to tetracycline (tc). the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of drugs for resistant strains were 100 micrograms/mliters for sm, 3200 micrograms/mliters for sa, and 12.5 micro ...	1990	1968988
phenotype and genotype of escherichia coli isolated from pigs with postweaning diarrhea in hungary.	a total of 205 escherichia coli isolates from 88 diarrheal weanling (4- to 10-week-old) pigs from 59 farms were tested by slide agglutination for k88, k99, f41, and 987p antigens. k88 antigen was detected in 61% of the isolates representing 60% of the pigs and 56% of the farms. k88 antigen was associated with serogroup o149 and 91% of the k88+ isolates. k99, f41, and 987p were not detected. of the k88- isolates, 70 were additionally tested by colony hybridization with dna probes for adherence fa ...	1990	1970575
[development and preliminary characterization of monoclonal antibodies to 987p adhesin antigen of e. coli].	a panel of 11 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to 987p adhesin antigen of e. coli were developed and partially characterized. they only reacted with e. coli strains bearing 987p adhesin but neither with other e. coli (k88+, k99+ and f41+) strains nor other species in family of enterobacteriaceae in if or elisa. the amount of 987p+ bacteria which could be detected by the hrpo-conjugated mab epn3 was as small as 2 x 10(3) cells/ml, and the detected rate of fecal or intestinal samples from piglets with ...	1990	1971468
the major subunit of escherichia coli type 1 fimbriae is not required for d-mannose-specific adhesion.	type 1 fimbriae are surface organelles on escherichia coli, which mediate specific binding to d-mannose-containing structures. these fimbriae are heteropolymers composed of a major building element, the fima protein, and small amounts of the fimf, fimg and fimh proteins. the fimh protein is uniquely responsible for the d-mannose receptor binding. in this work data are presented which indicate that the major subunit of type 1 fimbriae is dispensable for d-mannose-specific binding. a recombinant s ...	1990	1972261
nine dna probes for detection of toxin and adhesin genes in escherichia coli isolated from diarrhoeal disease in animals.	dna gene probes specific for genes encoding heat labile enterotoxin (lti), heat stable enterotoxins (stia, stii), vero cytotoxins (vt1, vt2), and adhesins k88 (f4), k99(f5), f41 and 987p(f6) were used to examine 873 isolates of e. coli from cases of diarrhoea (680 from pigs, 187 from cattle and six from sheep). a total of 188 were toxin gene positive and of these 84 belonged to the classical etec serogroups. of the other 104 toxin gene positive strains, 80 hybridized with the vt2 probe of which ...	1990	1978952
binding of k99 fimbriae of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli to pig small intestinal mucin glycopeptides.	binding of purified k99 fimbriae to cryostat sections of pig small intestine was detected. binding sites were located in the mucus layer, but not in the submucosal connective tissue. high-mr mucin glycopeptides from pig small intestine were found to bind to k99-fimbriated enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, in contrast to non-fimbriated cells. sialic acid specificity of k99 fimbriae was demonstrated by the significant reduction in binding upon desialylation of mucin glycopeptides. the binding was ...	1990	1979805
characterization of bovine septicemic, bovine diarrheal, and human enteroinvasive escherichia coli that hybridize with k88 and f41 accessory gene probes but do not express these adhesins.	certain dna probes derived from accessory genes of cloned k88 and f41 determinants hybridize with escherichia coli strains that express k88 or f41 and with certain other e. coli strains that do not express these antigens. we found that these probes hybridized with human enteroinvasive e. coli, and with bovine e. coli isolates which produced a fatal septicemia in experimentally infected piglets. these strains did not hybridize with probes derived from the structural subunit genes encoding the k88 ...	1990	1980001
identification and mapping of an immunogenic region of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae p65 surface lipoprotein expressed in escherichia coli from a cloned genomic fragment.	a previously characterized lipid-modified amphiphilic surface protein of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, p65, has been defined by its reaction with a surface-binding monoclonal antibody (mab) and by its exclusive partitioning into the detergent phase during triton x-114 phase fractionation (k. s. wise and m. f. kim, j. bacteriol. 169:5546-5555, 1987). in the current study, polyclonal mouse antibody (pab) to gel-purified p65 was used to identify recombinant phage plaques expressing p65-related epitopes ...	1990	1695206
the trat lipoprotein as a vehicle for the transport of foreign antigenic determinants to the cell surface of escherichia coli k12: structure-function relationships in the trat protein.	the trat protein is a surface-exposed lipoprotein, specified by plasmids of the incf group, that mediates serum resistance and surface exclusion. the structure and function of the trat protein determined by plasmid r6-5 was probed by genetic insertion of a foreign antigenic determinant, the c3 epitope of polio virus, at residues 61, 125, 180, 200 or 216 of the protein. the chimaeric proteins were transported to the outer membrane and, in three cases, immunoassays with an anti-c3 monoclonal antib ...	1990	1704095
nucleotide sequence of the promoter and fadb gene of the fadba operon and primary structure of the multifunctional fatty acid oxidation protein from escherichia coli.	the primary structure of a multifunctional protein, the large alpha-subunit of the escherichia coli fatty acid oxidation complex, was determined by sequencing the fadb region of the fadba operon. the amino-terminal sequence of this protein had been established by edman degradation. the transcription start site of the fadba operon was located 42 nucleotides upstream of the initiator codon of the fadb gene by primer extension analysis. sequences of -10 and -35 regions of the promoter responsible f ...	1991	1712230
three-dimensional structure of porcine procarboxypeptidase b: a structural basis of its inactivity.	procarboxypeptidase b is converted to enzymatically active carboxypeptidase b by limited proteolysis catalysed by trypsin, removing the long n-terminal activation segment of 95 amino acids. the three-dimensional crystal structure of procarboxypeptidase b from porcine pancreas has been determined at 2.3 a resolution and refined to a crystallographic r-factor of 0.169. the functional determinants of its enzymatic inactivity and of its activation by limited proteolysis have thus been unveiled. the ...	1991	1989878
evidence for gene duplication forming similar binding folds for nad(p)h and fad in pyridine nucleotide-dependent flavoenzymes.	for pyridine nucleotide-dependent flavoenzymes, binding both fad and nad(p)h on a single amino-acid chain, we have found a high degree of internal sequence similarity for certain regions of the fad and nad(p)h binding portions of the chain for any given protein. this was the case for a range of enzyme classes, including disulphide oxidoreductases (such as glutathione reductase, trypanothione reductase, lipoamide dehydrogenase, mercuric reductase), mono- and dioxygenases, nitrite reductase, alkyl ...	1991	1995341
two copies of shiga-like toxin ii-related genes common in enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli strains are responsible for the antigenic heterogeneity of the o157:h- strain e32511.	thirty-two clinical isolates of shiga-like toxin (slt)-producing escherichia coli associated with single cases or outbreaks of bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, the hemolytic uremic syndrome, or edema disease of swine were examined for multiple copies of genes belonging to the slt-i or slt-ii toxin families. five of 19 strains that were known to produce slt-ii or to hybridize to slt-ii-specific probes by colony blot were found by southern hybridization to contain two copies of toxin genes re ...	1991	1997410
conversion of pig pancreas phospholipase a2 by protein engineering into enzyme active against escherichia coli treated with the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein.	phospholipases a2 (pla-2) are conserved enzymes that can vary widely in their activity toward certain biological targets. activity of pla-2 toward escherichia coli treated with the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (bpi) of granulocytes has been detected only in "group ii" pla-2 (lacking cys11-cys77) and correlates with overall basicity and the presence of a cluster of basic amino acids within a variable surface region near the nh2 terminus (including residues 6, 7, 10, 11, and 15). w ...	1991	1999411
construction of aromatic dependent shigella flexneri 2a live vaccine candidate strains: deletion mutations in the aroa and the arod genes.	live shigella flexneri 2a vaccine candidate strains with deletion mutations in the aro genes were constructed. tn10-generated auxotrophic mutations were transduced from escherichia coli to s. flexneri 2a with bacteriophage p1cmcts. the tetracycline-sensitive derivatives of tn10 mutants obtained were selected on bochner's medium and checked by dna-dna hybridization using aroa and arod gene specific probes. the vaccine candidate strains were tested to assess the efficacy of protection in guinea-pi ...	1991	2008803
antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (hr 111v), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin.	cefquinome is a new injectable aminothiazolyl cephalosporin derivative. it is stable against chromosomally and plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases and has a broad antibacterial spectrum. staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and members of the family enterobacteriaceae (escherichia coli, salmonella spp., klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., and serratia marcescens) are inhibited at low concentrations. cefquinome is also active against many strains of methicill ...	1991	2014969
tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 appearance in experimental gram-negative septic shock. the effects of plasma exchange with albumin and plasma infusion.	to study the effect of plasma removal vs plasma administration on the appearance of tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and interleukin 1 in septic shock, 24 anesthetized piglets were inoculated with live escherichia coli. plasma exchange with albumin was performed in one group. fresh-frozen plasma was administered to a second group. a third group served as nontreated controls. following plasma exchange, a reduction in both tnf and interleukin 1 levels occurred, whereas plasma infusion was followed by a ...	1991	2021343
production of antisera selective for m1 muscarinic receptors using fusion proteins: distribution of m1 receptors in rat brain.	a fragment of the cdna encoding the third intracellular loop of the rat m1 muscarinic receptor was cloned, and the dna was expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein. the fusion protein was purified and utilized as an antigen to raise a polyclonal antiserum in rabbits. chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with the cdna encoding each of the five known subtypes of muscarinic receptor were used as tissue sources to test the antiserum. the antiserum was found to quantitatively immun ...	1991	2034236
cloning and expression of complementary dna encoding an antigen of trichinella spiralis.	complementary dna (cdna) encoding a 49-kda antigen of trichinella spiralis was cloned, characterized, and expressed in escherichia coli by recombinant dna methods. as a first step, 29 residues of n-terminal amino acid sequence were determined by direct analysis of highly purified antigen. mixed-sequence primers based on the amino acid sequence were then synthesized and used as primers to generate a partial cdna by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a nearly full-length cdna was then obtained b ...	1991	2038363
identification and characterization of the functional amino acids at the active center of pig liver thioltransferase by site-directed mutagenesis.	by using site-directed mutagenesis techniques, the essential amino acids at the catalytic center of porcine thioltransferase (glutaredoxin) were determined. seven oligonucleotides were designed, synthesized, and used to construct mutants, ett-c22s, ett-c25s, ett-c25a, ett-r26v, ett-k27q, ett-r26v: k27q, and ett-c78s:c82s, by altering their codons in pig liver thioltransferase cdna/m13mp18 clones. each of the thioltransferases was purified to homogeneity and its dithiol-disulfide exchange, and de ...	1991	2061338
[isolation of vero toxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) from imported meats].	one hundred and four samples of various imported meats obtained from the stores and supermarkets in matsuyama-city and iyo-city from november, 1987 to october, 1988 were examined and two strains of vero toxin-producing escherichia coli were isolated: one was from beef from australia and the other was from pork from canada. by bead-elisa, it was confirmed that the strain from beef produced vero toxin 1 (vt1) and vero toxin 2 variant (vt2vh) and the strain from pork produced vt2vh. these results s ...	1991	2066599
killing of nongrowing and adherent escherichia coli determines drug efficacy in device-related infections.	antimicrobial therapy of device-related infections often fails, despite the in vitro susceptibility of the infecting strain. therefore, alternative laboratory-based in vitro tests are required to predict the outcome. fleroxacin, ciprofloxacin, aztreonam, and co-trimoxazole were tested against escherichia coli atcc 25922 in vitro and in the tissue-cage animal model. the importance of early treatment was evaluated by starting the drugs either 30 min before or 4, 12, and 24 h after bacterial challe ...	1991	2069381
nmr spectra of exchangeable protons of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes.	we have recorded 1h nmr spectra in h2o for exchangeable protons of four pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes: d-serine dehydratase, aspartate aminotransferase, tryptophan: indole-lyase and glutamate decarboxylase. the molecular masses range from 48-250 kda. in every case there are downfield peaks which are lost when the apoenzyme is formed. in most cases some peaks shift in response to interactions with substrates and inhibitors and with changes in ph. we associate one downfield resonance with ...	1991	2069576
stimulation of dna polymerase alpha activity by microtubule-associated proteins.	microtubule-associated protein 2 (map2) isolated from porcine brains stimulated the activity of dna polymerase alpha immunopurified from calf thymus or human lymphoma cells, in a dose-dependent manner. this stimulation was pronounced when activated dna or poly(da).(dt)10 was used as the template-primer. dna polymerase alpha bound to a map2-immobilized column, whereas preincubation of the enzyme with unbound map2 prevented binding to the column. these events suggested that a physical binding occu ...	1991	1742279
systemic and mesenteric o2 metabolism in endotoxic pigs: effect of graded hemorrhage.	normally, supply-dependency of oxygen uptake (vo2) is not demonstrable unless oxygen delivery (do2) is less than a critical value (do2crit) below which vo2 is linearly dependent upon do2. because recent evidence suggests that vo2 is pathologically supply-dependent in endotoxic or septic animals and humans, we sought to determine whether 1) pathological systemic and/or mesenteric oxygen extraction (o2ext) defects occur in a porcine model of endotoxicosis and 2) arterial lactate and ileal intramuc ...	1991	1742860
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase in tomato is encoded by a multigene family whose transcription is induced during fruit and floral senescence.	the key regulatory enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of the plant hormone ethylene is 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) synthase (ec 4.1.1.14). it catalyzes the conversion of s-adenosylmethionine to acc, the precursor of ethylene. we isolated complementary dna sequences, ptacc2 and ptacc4, for two distinct and differentially regulated acc synthase mrnas expressed in ripe tomato fruit. the authenticity of the clones has been confirmed by expression experiments in e. coli. the predicted ...	1991	1762159
prevalence of antibiotic-resistant escherichia coli in danish pigs and cattle.	the present paper reports on the antibiotic resistance of e. coli isolated from danish piglets and calves in 1987-1988, and compares the results with similar investigations performed during the periods 1971-1972 and 1977-1978. rectal swabs from 52 piglets and from 78 calves were examined. all the animals studied harboured resistant e. coli. this is a significant increase compared to the previously conducted investigations. the number of strains having three or more resistance markers did not dif ...	1991	1772647
detection of escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin genes in pig stool specimens by an immobilized, colorimetric, nested polymerase chain reaction.	a combination of selective enrichment by using immunomagnetic separation of f4 (k88)-positive escherichia coli and a nested colorimetric polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used on crude clinical and spiked samples for determination of genes encoding heat-stable enterotoxins (sts) ia (st ia) and ib (st ib). the combination increased the sensitivity of the nested pcr compared with that of application onto crude samples. dead cells were also enriched by use of this technology, giving results that ...	1991	1774239
positive regulator for the expression of mba protein of the virulence plasmid, pkdsc50, of salmonella choleraesuis.	a positive regulator was identified within a 2.3 kb fragment of the 6.4 kb mouse bacteremia region (mba region) of the virulence pkdsc50 plasmid of salmonella choleraesuis. sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that escherichia coli k-12 carrying the recombinant plasmids of the 2.3 kb fragment produced mba1 protein with a molecular mass of 32 kda. the recombinant plasmids carrying a 4.1 kb fragment, the other part of 6.4 kb region, produced mba2 (32 kda), mba3 (70 kda ...	1991	1795622
sequential release of tumour necrosis factor, platelet activating factor and eicosanoids during endotoxin shock in anaesthetized pigs: protective effects of indomethacin.	1. the effects of indomethacin were investigated on haemodynamics, haematological and blood glucose values, and the release of tumour necrosis factor (tnf), platelet activating factor (paf) and eicosanoids in anaesthetized pigs receiving 5 micrograms kg-1 e. coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) over 60 min into the superior mesenteric artery. the animals were observed for an additional period of 2 h after the termination of lps infusion. 2. eight of the 17 animals infused with lps and not treated with ...	1991	1797328
cross immunoreactivity of aortic kappa-2-elastin with some antibacterial antisera.	immunological and microbial factors may lead to the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. cross immune reactions between aortic kappa-2-elastin and antisera against some antigens of gram-negative bacteria--salmonella and escherichia coli--were studied using the dot-immunobinding assay. positive results were obtained with antisera against salmonella ao, bo, co, eo, hm and escherichia coli ok(a). among immunological mechanisms leading to atherosclerosis cross immunoreactivity of aortic antigens wi ...	1991	1797575
impact of transfer from animal-source insulins to biosynthetic human insulin (rdna e coli) in patients with diabetes mellitus.	six hundred forty-eight patients (50.5% men; 49.5% women) with diabetes mellitus on animal-source insulin therapy for at least five years were studied. in this patient population, approximately 68.7% had type i insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 31.3% had type ii noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, nonetheless requiring insulin therapy. patients were voluntarily transferred from animal-source insulin to biosynthetic human insulin derived by recombinant dna technology from genetically al ...	1991	1799920
a novel method for the purification of porcine phospholipase a2 expressed in e. coli.	porcine phospholipasea2 expressed in e. coli as a fusion protein was isolated, renatured and specifically cleaved by trypsin as described in (1). active phospholipasea2, was purified to homogeneity on a column of pbe-94 over a ph region 7.4-4.5. using this method, several phospholipase a2 mutant enzymes have now been purified in a single step and all behaved identically during chromatofocusing. the method will therefore be extremely useful not only for those interested in understanding the struc ...	1991	1850264
complexes of yeast adenylate kinase and nucleotides investigated by 1h nmr.	the role of one of the histidine residues present in many adenylate kinases (h36 in the porcine cytosolic enzyme) is highly disputed. we thus studied the yeast enzyme (akye) containing this his residue. akye is highly homologous to the escherichia coli enzyme (akec), a protein that is already well characterized by nmr [vetter et al. (1990) biochemistry 29, 7459-7467] and does not contain the his residue in question. in addition, discrepancies between solution structural and x-ray crystallographi ...	1991	1850618
identification of two neutrophil chemotactic peptides produced by porcine alveolar macrophages.	we have purified to homogeneity two distinct 10-kda proteins with potent chemotactic activity for neutrophils from porcine alveolar macrophages incubated for 24 h with escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (lps), 10 micrograms/ml). neutrophil chemotactic activity in alveolar macrophage supernatants was concentrated by adsorption to sp-sephadex, and purified by cation exchange and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. the first peptide, alveolar macrophage chemotactic fa ...	1991	1850745
the amino acid sequence of the aspartate aminotransferase from baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae).	1. the single (cytosolic) aspartate aminotransferase was purified in high yield from baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). 2. amino-acid-sequence analysis was carried out by digestion of the protein with trypsin and with cnbr; some of the peptides produced were further subdigested with staphylococcus aureus v8 proteinase or with pepsin. peptides were sequenced by the dansyl-edman method and/or by automated gas-phase methods. the amino acid sequence obtained was complete except for a probable ...	1991	1859361
dna hybridization and latex agglutination for detection of heat-labile- and shiga-like toxin-producing escherichia coli in meat.	dna-hybridization and latex-agglutination tests were used for screening of a group of escherichia coli isolates for heat-labile enterotoxin (lt)- and shiga-like toxin (slt1 or vt1) -producing strains, respectively. strains tested originated from 162 meat samples (poultry, pigs and beef) chosen at random. additionally lt- and slt1-producing reference strains were tested. the dna-hybridization technique allowed screening of large numbers of strains, whereas large scale testing of strains by latex ...	1991	1863526
endotoxin in the conscious piglet: its effects on some general and gastrointestinal myoelectrical parameters.	the effect of an intravenous bolus injection of endotoxin, 0.1, 1 or 10 micrograms/kg, on rectal temperature, clinical appearance, haematological parameters, and on gastrointestinal electrical activity was examined in 11 conscious piglets of 4-5 weeks of age, with implanted electrodes in the antrum pylori, duodenum, jejunum and ileum. all doses resulted in a significant and dose-dependent increase in rectal temperature, in pronounced clinical signs and in distinct changes in haematological value ...	1991	1882516
clonal relationships among escherichia coli serogroup 06 isolates from human and animal infections.	the clonal relationship of thirty e. coli strains of 0 antigen serotype 06 isolated from human, dog, pig or cow infections were investigated. two main clones with serotypes 06 : h1 or 06 : h31, h- were identified. isolates from humans, dogs, pigs and cows were found in both clones, indicating that animals are a possible source for human extraintestinal escherichia coli strains. two human etec (06 : h16) and two pig isolates (06 : h10) were not related to the 06 : h1 or 06 : h31, h- e. coli clone ...	1991	1884980
urea-induced release of heat-labile enterotoxin from escherichia coli.	urea induces the release of heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) from cells of lt-producing escherichia coli strains. optimal conditions were defined by using the checkerboard immunoblotting system. lt release was highest when e. coli cells were incubated in 8 m urea, ph 8.0, at 37 degrees c in a water bath for 30 min. urea was more effective than polymyxin b in inducing the release of lt antigen from e. coli; the activity of lt from urea-treated cells was seven times that of lt from polymyxin b-treated ...	1991	1890176
[site-directed mutagenesis in the uracil-repair system. preparation of mutated forms of human alpha 2 interferon].	the mutant forms of human ifn-alpha 2 gene are obtained by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis with the use of uracil-repair system. to intensify the process the procedure of the uracil-containing dna template preparation is modified. it was determined that when mutagenesis is performed in the uracil-repair system the yield of the process depends on the mutant dna-strand in vitro synthesis efficiency. it is shown that the stability of the 5'-end primer-template complex and the level of the endo ...	1991	1896031
[coliform bacilli which produce cytotoxins: importance in veterinary medicine and public health].	this article reviews published data (october 1st, 1990) on 4 types of cytotoxins produced by animal and human pathogenic strains of e coli, ie, verotoxins, also named shiga-like toxins, cytotoxic necrotizing factors, haemolysin, and cytolethal distending toxin. the biological and molecular properties are described for each type of cytotoxin, the association of producing strains with animal pathology, and the role of domestic animals as reservoirs of strains pathogenic for man.	1991	1897865
direct cloning of sequence tagged microsatellite sites by dna affinity chromatography.		1991	1923833
amrinone during porcine intraperitoneal sepsis.	seven yucatan minipigs with chronic, severe intraperitoneal sepsis were given amrinone i.v. (loading dose of 0.75 mg/kg, followed by continuous infusion of 10, 20, 40, and 80 micrograms/kg/min) during the hyperdynamic phase of sepsis. hemodynamic variables and oxygen utilization, delivery, and extraction were recorded throughout the study. pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was kept constant to ensure a fixed ventricular filling pressure. intravenous amrinone modestly augmented cardiac index wit ...	1991	1934325
early hemodynamic indicators of gram-negative sepsis and shock in an infant pig model.	to assess the hemodynamics of early shock and to determine to what extent hemodynamic indicators of sepsis and shock can be predictive, we evaluated data from several series of experiments (including 136 piglets) in which animals were subjected to fecal-escherichia coli peritonitis-induced septic shock. serial measurements of 39 parameters were obtained and their values taken at baseline, at hyperdynamic sepsis, and at shock were compared by analysis of variance. piglet weights ranged from 1.2 t ...	1991	1941483
identification of enteropathogenic escherichia coli isolated in britain as enteroaggregative or as members of a subclass of attaching-and-effacing e. coli not hybridising with the epec adherence-factor probe.	strains of escherichia coli from sporadic cases of diarrhoea and belonging to serotypes o44:h18, o55:h7, o111ab:h21, o111ab:h25 or o126:h27 were examined for virulence properties. with the exception of o111ab:h25 these are considered to be classical enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) serotypes. the strains had been isolated in britain from the faeces of children less than 3 years old. of the serotypes examined, 7 of 13 o44:h18 strains, all of 10 o111ab:h21 strains and 13 of 21 o126:h27 strains belo ...	1991	1941998
evidence for an ancestral core structure in nucleotide-binding proteins with the type a motif.	many proteins that bind purine nucleotide triphosphates have a type a sequence motif. only two classes of structures for such proteins are so far available from x-ray crystallography. we examined the tertiary structures of representatives of the two classes, porcine cytoplasmic adenylate kinase and escherichia coli translational elongation factor tu. comparison of the two proteins suggests that the a motif may be just one part of a larger common core structure consisting of four parallel strands ...	1991	1942027
[escherichia coli reactions to the action of the cationic proteins of blood leukocytes].	the antibacterial effect of cation proteins (cp) of swine leukocytes with respect to escherichia coli strain 17 has been demonstrated in vitro. the composition and properties of these cp have been studied; as a result, a comparatively high content of basic and dicarbonic amino acids and the presence of protease activity have been established. the release of the components of the metabolic fund by e. coli under the influence of cp of swine leukocytes is indicative of changes in the permeability o ...	1991	1950265
localization on the mitochondrial f1 atpase alpha subunit of an epitope masked in the membrane-bound enzyme using a monoclonal antibody and synthetic peptides.	the epitope of the monoclonal antibody 20d6 was localized by n-terminal sequencing of the smallest immunoreactive peptides obtained after cnbr and trypsin cleavage of the f1 alpha subunit of the mitochondrial atpase/atp synthase. immunochemical analysis of overlapping synthetic octapeptides, covering the immunoreactive peptide sequence, has defined the seven-amino-acid sequence recognized by 20d6 as 84egdivkr90. the binding of 20d6 was lost after substituting either i87 by k or s, or r90 by c or ...	1991	1714390
molecular cloning and expression of the cdna coding for a new member of the s100 protein family from porcine cardiac muscle.	we isolated a new calcium-binding protein from porcine cardiac muscle by calcium-dependent hydrophobic and dye-affinity chromatography. it showed an apparent molecular weight of 11,000 on sds-page. amino acid sequence determination revealed that the protein contained two calcium-binding domains of the ef-hand motif. the cdna gene coding for this protein was cloned from the porcine lung cdna library. sequence analysis of the cloned cdna showed that the protein was composed of 99 amino acid residu ...	1991	1722468
use of antibodies against the p36 protein of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for the identification of m. hyopneumoniae strains.	mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the principal aetiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, synthesizes a 36 kda protein (p36) which is an early and strong immunogenic factor in experimentally and naturally infected swine. polyclonal antibodies were made against the recombinant p36 protein in rabbits and used for the identification of m. hyopneumoniae by the immunoblot technique. the proteins from the m. hyopneumoniae reference strains and from 13 m. hyopneumoniae field strains isolated from natur ...	1991	1723490
swine and cattle enterotoxigenic escherichia coli-mediated diarrhea. development of therapies based on inhibition of bacteria-host interactions.	enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) frequently occurs in diarrheal disease afflicting domestic animals. in this paper is summarized the research carried out over the last decade on the two important determinants of virulence that plays a role in the development of the infection, namely the colonizing ability of the small intestine mediated by specific fimbrial adhesins acting as lectins and the production of enterotoxins. recent progress in knowledge of the phenomenon led to alternative stra ...	1991	1723693
[etiological and pathogenetic aspects of diarrhea in piglets following weaning].	in this paper aetiological and pathogenic aspects of postweaning diarrhoea are discussed. besides earlier data, particular attention is paid to recent results. except specific serotypes of escherichia coli and rotaviruses, feeding regimen as well as components in the feed are important aetiological factors. villus shortening after weaning as well as the level of villus shortening are pathogenetically important. recently recovered villi may be more sensitive to the toxic effects of escherichia co ...	1991	1661032
activation of intestinal brush border guanylate cyclase by aromatic disulphide compounds.	guanylate cyclase in pig intestinal brush border membranes was stimulated by certain aromatic disulphides. the most effective were 6-thioguanine disulphide [(tgs)2], 6-mercaptopurine disulphide, 6,6'-dithiodinicotinic acid, 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and 5-carboxy-2-thiouracil disulphide. (tgs)2 stimulated activity 15-fold when present at 0.1 mm. the optimum concentration for each disulphide was different, and higher concentrations were inhibitory. there was no activation by alkyl disu ...	1991	1673335
human vntr sequences in porcine htf-islands.	mapping of complex genomes has been influenced substantially by the isolation of locus-specific, but repetitive dna elements known as vntrs. since a high gc-content is characteristic of most of these elements one might expect them to be clustered at least partially in cpg-islands. to address this question we have constructed a porcine liver dna noti-linkage library in puc18 using isolated htf-islands. hpaii tiny fragments ranging from less than 100 bp to 1 kb in length were randomly selected and ...	1991	1678358
pericytes of the brain microvasculature express gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.	the expression of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (ggt) is a specific property of the brain capillary endothelium that constitutes the blood-brain barrier. we report here the detection of ggt, not only in endothelial cells, but also in pericytes, demonstrating that a brain capillary-specific pericyte population exists. we raised antibodies to ggt using a porcine brain microvessel ggt-protein-a (staphylococcal protein a) fusion protein as antigen which was expressed in escherichia coli. the immunoh ...	1991	1684747
production of type 1 fimbriae by escherichia coli hb101.	escherichia coli hb101 is frequently used as a host in the cloning of bacterial virulence genes because of its reported lack of virulence determinants such as fimbriae, adhesins and haemagglutinins. however, passage of hb101 in standing broth culture rapidly induced the production of fimbriae which mediated adhesion to hep-2 cells and mannose-sensitive haemagglutination of human and guinea-pig erythrocytes. fimbrial serology, morphology and pilin molecular mass of 18 kda were consistent with tho ...	1991	1686629
[antibody response in mice, rabbits and pigs in response to vaccination with an inactivated oil vaccine containing rotavirus and escherichia coli strains with k88, k99 and 987p fimbrial antigens].	in trials with mice, rabbits and weanling piglets, four experimental charges of a combined inactivated oil vaccine against diarrhoeas in mammals were tested: the vaccine was to be implanted to sows and it contained porcine rotavirus (prv); two charges also contained bovine rotavirus and bacterins of enterotoxicogenic strains of e. coli with protective antigens k88, k99 and 987p. at low starting antibody titres the twofold i.m. implantation of 0.2 ml vaccine stimulated in mice the production of a ...	1991	1686823
an enzymatic mutant of shiga-like toxin ii variant is a vaccine candidate for edema disease of swine.	edema disease (ed) of weanling pigs is caused by an infection with escherichia coli that produces shiga-like toxin ii variant (slt-iiv). pathology identical to that caused by ed can be duplicated in pigs that are injected with less than 10 ng of purified slt-iiv per kg of body weight. therefore, slt-iiv was mutated to create an immunoreactive form of the toxin that was significantly reduced in enzymatic activity. initially, purified slt-iiv was treated with formaldehyde which abrogated cytotoxic ...	1992	1730480
no accounts completely for the oxygenated nitrogen species generated by enzymic l-arginine oxygenation.	we have assessed the stoichiometry of the nitric oxide (no) synthase reaction by using a novel e.p.r. technique. no generated by crude and partially purified no synthase from endothelial cells and escherichia coli-lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages was trapped by a ferrous diethyldithiocarbamate complex dispersed in yeast. the paramagnetic ferrous mononitrosyl dithiocarbamate complex formed exhibited a characteristic e.p.r. signal at g perpendicular = 2.035 and g parallel = 2.02 with a tri ...	1992	1281408
isolation and characterization of adhesin-defective tnphoa mutants of septicaemic porcine escherichia coli of serotype o115:k-:f165.	non-enterotoxigenic porcine escherichia coli strains belonging to the serogroup o115 have been associated with septicaemia and diarrhoea. putative factors important in the pathogenicity of e. coli of serogroup o115 include fimbrial antigen f165, haemagglutination (mrha), lipopolysaccharide, serum resistance, capsule and production of aerobactin. using tnphoa transposon insertion mutagenesis, two classes of mutants were obtained from e. coli of serotype o115:f165 with respect to the phenotypic ex ...	1992	1282536
nucleotide sequence of cdna for porcine heme oxygenase and its expression in escherichia coli.	the nucleotide sequence of a cdna for porcine heme oxygenase was determined. the open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 288 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 33,074 da. a prokaryotic expression plasmid carrying porcine heme oxygenase cdna was constructed and transfected into escherichia coli cells. the full-length heme oxygenase expressed was localized in the bacterial membranes. two small-sized heme oxygenases with no membrane-bound properties were also detected, suggesting that ...	1992	1288499
[expression of recombinant human hemoglobin].	the well recognized prevalence of infectious agents in products derived from human whole blood and the increasing number of transfusion-transmitted diseases has made urgent the search for a safe alternative to conventional blood transfusion. sources of hemoglobin (hb) different from outdated human bank blood are under active scrutiny in several laboratories. different approaches have been proposed to produce recombinant human hb in bacteria (e. coli), yeast (s. cerevisiae) and transgenic mammals ...	1992	1288539
a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme encoded by african swine fever virus.	the post-translational modification of proteins by covalent attachment of ubiquitin occurs in all eukaryotes by a multi-step process. a family of e2 or ubiquitin conjugating (ubc) enzymes catalyse one step of this process and these have been implicated in several diverse regulatory functions. we report here the sequence of a gene encoded by african swine fever virus (asfv) which has high homology with ubc enzymes. this asfv encoded enzyme has ubc activity when expressed in escherichia coli since ...	1992	1310934
production in escherichia coli of porcine type-i collagenase as a fusion protein with beta-galactosidase.	porcine type-i collagenase (colg-1) was produced as a fusion protein in escherichia coli using the pax5 expression vector. the fusion protein consists of beta-galactosidase at the n terminus joined to a collagen hinge region and a blood-coagulation factor xa cleavage site linked to colg-1. recombinant collagenase (recolg-1) was biologically active in the form of a fusion protein and could be released by treatment with factor xa to yield colg-1 with the authentic n terminus (phenylalanine) found ...	1992	1311701
isolation and sequence analysis of the cdna for pig kidney fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase.	a full-length clone of pig kidney fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (d-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase, ec 3.1.3.11) was isolated by screening a cdna library for complementation of an escherichia coli fbp deletion mutation. the open reading frame of 1011 bases corresponds to 337 amino acids, two more than have been previously reported [marcus, f., edelstein, i., reardon, i. & heinrikson, r. l. (1982) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 79, 7161-7165]. the extra two amino acids (ala-lys) are locate ...	1992	1313579
mutational analysis of active site residues in pig heart aconitase.	a cdna encoding mature porcine heart aconitase was over-expressed in escherichia coli under the control of a phage t7 promoter. recombinant aconitase purified from e. coli was identical to the enzyme from pig and beef heart in size, [3fe-4s] and [4fe-4s] cluster structure and enzymatic activity. nine amino acid residues in close proximity to the fe-s cluster and bound substrate (lauble, h., kennedy, m.c., beinert, h., and stout, c.d. (1992) biochemistry, in press) were replaced by site-directed ...	1992	1313811
susceptibility to antibiotics of escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic livestock in trinidad.	the sensitivity of strains of escherichia coli isolated from calves, piglets, lambs and kids in trinidad to seven antibiotics was determined. two hundred and sixty-four (91.3%) of 289 strains isolated from diarrhoeic animals and 173 (87.4%) of 198 strains from non-diarrhoeic animals exhibited resistance to one or more antibiotics. the difference was not statistically significant (p > or = 0.05; x2). regardless of health status, isolates from lambs were least resistant (75.0%) and those from pigl ...	1992	1339991
[remember escherichia coli mutabile].		1992	1340254
restriction fragment length polymorphism and virulence pattern of the veterinary pathogen escherichia coli o139:k82:h1.	escherichia coli o139:k82:h1 strains originating from outbreaks and single cases of oedema disease in pigs were characterized by their genomic restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), their virulence pattern, and by the occurrence as well as the genomic distribution of the determinants for hemolysin (hly) and verotoxins (shiga-like toxins; slti, sltii). whereas the rflps revealed considerable variation among the e. coli o139:k82:h1 isolates depending the origin and epidemic source of the ...	1992	1348438
evidence for linkage between the swine l blood group and the loci specifying the receptors mediating adhesion of k88 escherichia coli pilus antigens.	brush borders or enterocytes obtained from the small intestine of 248 pedigreed pigs were tested by adhesion assay in vitro with enterotoxigenic escherichia (e.) coli strains, each expressing one of the three k88 pilus variants k88ab, k88ac and k88ad. all pigs were classified as belonging to one of the four adhesion phenotypes: i--k88ab(-), ac(-), ad(-); ii--k88ab(-), ac(-), ad(+); iii--k88ab(+), ac(+), ad(-); and iv--k88ab(+), ac(+), ad(+). serum or red cells were typed for 15 blood group syste ...	1992	1349202
location of the cytoplasmic epitope for a k(+)-competitive antibody of the (h+,k+)-atpase.	the monoclonal antibody (mab) 95-111 binds the alpha subunit of (h+,k+)-atpase and inhibits the k(+)-atpase activity. to map the epitope, all of the partial sequences of the alpha subunit were expressed in escherichia coli hb101 using rabbit alpha subunit cdna restriction fragments ligated into puex vector. bacterial recombinant lysates were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis, and the epitope was detected by western blotting. the antibody site was mapped between cys529 and g ...	1992	1382067
cloning and expression of the gal beta 1, 3galnac alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase.	sequence information obtained by nh2-terminal sequence analysis of two molecular weight forms (45 and 48 kda) of the porcine gal beta 1,3galnac alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase was used to clone a full-length cdna of the enzyme. the cdna sequence revealed an open reading frame coding for 343 amino acids and a putative domain structure consisting of a short nh2-terminal cytoplasmic domain, a signal-anchor sequence, and a large cooh-terminal catalytic domain. this domain structure was confirmed by cons ...	1992	1383214
a chromosome 1-specific dna library from the domestic pig (sus scrofa domestica).	chromosomes were prepared from lymphocytes of a male domestic pig and flow-sorted on a dual-laser facs. twenty spots were observed, corresponding to the known pig karyotype of 18 pairs of autosomes plus the x and y. dna was isolated from 10,000 copies of the presumed chromosome 1 spot, restricted with sau3a, ligated into the vector pgem4z, and pcr amplified using universal primers; the products were then re-ligated into puc18. after transformation into escherichia coli, 210,000 independent colon ...	1992	1395721
heterogeneity among heat-labile enterotoxins produced by porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli.	the heat-labile enterotoxins (lt) produced by various porcine strains (ltp) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli were purified to homogeneity and their molecular properties were compared with each other. by double gel diffusion and rabbit skin permeability test, ltps from wt-1 (ltp-wt-1) and bo-149 (ltp-bo-149) strains were antigenically and biologically identical. by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), the mobilities of a and b subunits of ltp (bo-149) were iden ...	1992	1397223
influence of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 and its cytolysins on porcine neutrophil chemiluminescence.	the effects of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 and its metabolites on the oxidative activity of porcine neutrophils were studied by using a chemiluminescence technique. viable a. pleuropneumoniae stimulated the production of oxygen radicals by neutrophils. after having reached a peak value, the oxidative activity decreased until a total inhibition of the oxidative activity of the neutrophils was achieved. all effects were neutralized with homologous convalescent-phase pig sera which h ...	1992	1398943
identification of shiga-like toxin type ii producing escherichia coli using the polymerase chain reaction and a digoxigenin labelled dna probe.	epidemiological studies have demonstrated that enterohaemorrhagic strains of escherichia coli which cause the haemolytic uremic syndrome in humans and the oedema disease in pigs more frequently produce shiga-like toxin type ii (slt-ii) than any other member of the shiga-like toxin family. a technique has been developed for the identification of slt-ii producing e. coli using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and a digoxigenin (dig)-labelled dna probe to facilitate the early detection and epide ...	1992	1406729