Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| reactivation of and primary infection with human herpesvirus 8 among solid-organ transplant recipients. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is the causal agent of all forms of kaposi's sarcoma, including the iatrogenic form that presents in solid-organ transplant recipients. a longitudinal study of hhv-8 seropositivity was conducted among a cohort consisting of children and adult solid-organ transplant recipients. antibodies to hhv-8 lytic proteins were detected by an indirect immunofluorescence assay in serum samples of 100 transplant recipients. hhv-8 seropositivity increased significantly, from 5.3% be ... | 2002 | 12001040 |
| [bacillary angiomatosis in an adult infected with hiv-1 at an early stage of immunodepression in abidjan, côte d'ivoire]. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated bacillary angiomatosis has rarely been described in africa. we report here the first case in côte d'ivoire. although in industrialised countries bacillary angiomatosis has been described in patients with low cd4 count, this episode occurred in the first year following hiv-seroconversion in an adult patient with more than 500 cd4 cells per cubic millimetre. symptoms rapidly and totally disappeared under erythromycin treatment, although with a relapse ... | 2002 | 12012962 |
| efficient infection by a recombinant kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus cloned in a bacterial artificial chromosome: application for genetic analysis. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is etiologically associated with kaposi's sarcoma and several other malignancies. the lack of an efficient infection system has impeded the understanding of kshv-related pathogenesis. a genetic approach was used to isolate infectious kshv. recombinant bacteria artificial chromosome (bac) kshv containing hygromycin resistance and green fluorescent protein (gfp) markers was generated by homologous recombination in kshv-infected bcbl-1 cells. recombina ... | 2002 | 12021352 |
| update on kaposi's sarcoma and other hhv8 associated diseases. part 1: epidemiology, environmental predispositions, clinical manifestations, and therapy. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a mesenchymal tumour involving blood and lymphatic vessels. only recently has the pathogenesis of this extraordinary neoplasm been elucidated. viral oncogenesis and cytokine-induced growth together with some state of immunocompromise represent important conditions for this tumour to develop. in 1994, a novel virus was discovered and termed human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8), also known as kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus, which can be found in all types of ks, whether re ... | 2002 | 12062994 |
| human immunodeficiency virus type-1 activates lytic cycle replication of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus through induction of kshv rta. | human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv-1) infection dramatically increases the risk of development of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) in individuals infected with kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv). in a primary effusion lymphoma (pel) tissue culture model system, hiv-1 replication potently induced the lytic replication of kshv and led to the secretion of soluble factors capable of inducing lytic kshv replication in bystander cells. here we demonstrate that hiv induces kshv lytic replication ... | 2002 | 12083825 |
| detection of kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus dna sequences in pericardial fluid in a patient with multicentric castleman's disease. | 2002 | 12084108 | |
| elevated virus loads of kaposi's sarcoma-associated human herpesvirus 8 predict kaposi's sarcoma disease progression, but elevated levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 do not. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is found in kaposi's sarcoma (ks), multicentric castleman's disease, and primary effusion lymphomas. to prospectively evaluate kshv load as a biomarker for ks clinical status and prognosis in a cohort of men with aids-related ks, 2 quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were developed and tested to determine kshv peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) virus loads. most patients (13/15) with good-prognosis ks had < or =1.5 log kshv cop ... | 2002 | 12085319 |
| risk factors for human herpesvirus 8 infection in a cohort of drug users in the netherlands, 1985-1996. | to elucidate the mode of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) transmission in a population of amsterdam drug users, hhv-8 seroprevalence and seroincidence were determined in 1179 drug users in the amsterdam cohort studies (1985-1996). risk factors for hhv-8 infection were examined. serum samples were screened with an enzyme immunoassay by using hhv-8 lytic capsid (open-reading frame [orf] 65) and latent nuclear (orf73) antigens; positive results were confirmed by western blot and immunofluorescence assay ... | 2002 | 12085330 |
| prognostic value of quantitative kaposi sarcoma--associated herpesvirus load in posttransplantation kaposi sarcoma. | organ transplant recipients have a higher risk of kaposi sarcoma (ks). a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was developed to evaluate ks-associated herpesvirus (kshv) as a prognostic tool in transplant recipients with ks. forty-three patients who developed ks after transplantation were included in a cross-sectional study to correlate virus load with transplantation or ks parameters. seventeen patients (40%) had kshv viremia (>100 copies/microg of dna; median, 6067 copies/micr ... | 2002 | 12089670 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) contains two functional lytic origins of dna replication. | we used a transient-transfection replication assay to identify two functional copies of the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) lytic origin of dna replication (orilyt). bclb-1 cells were transfected with hhv8 subgenomic fragments containing the putative lytic origin along with a plasmid expressing viral transactivator open reading frame (orf) 50. the hhv8 left-end orilyt (orilyt-l) lies between orfs k4.2 and k5 and is composed of a region encoding various transcription factor binding sites and an a+t-ri ... | 2002 | 12097603 |
| pathology of the breast associated with hiv/aids. | breast pathology that is characteristic of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) has not been addressed in the literature. hiv may directly and indirectly affect the glandular, mesenchymal, and intramammary lymphoid tissue in seropositive patients. likely infections in this setting include tuberculous mastitis and pyogenic abscesses that may lead to fatal septicemia. benign stromal changes include gynecomastia, adipose tissue deposition as part of the fat maldistribution synd ... | 2002 | 12100117 |
| human herpesvirus 8 genome is not found in whole bone marrow core biopsy specimens of patients with plasma cell dyscrasias. | recently, molecular evidence of the gamma herpesvirus, human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), was found in the nonmalignant bone marrow stromal cells of patients with multiple myeloma using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay. other investigators have been unable to confirm either the presence of hhv-8 using molecular techniques or serologic evidence of prior infection with hhv-8. in order to maximize the likelihood of detection of small quantities of the virus and minimize the risk of potential ... | 2002 | 12107558 |
| hhv-8 dna in blood and the development of hiv-associated kaposi's sarcoma in the era of haart--a prospective evaluation. | to explore the significance of hhv-8 viremia in hiv-positive individuals for the risk of developing kaposi's sarcoma (ks) in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. | 2002 | 12117665 |
| human herpesvirus-8-positive body cavity-based lymphoma involving the atria of the heart: a case report. | we describe an unusual case of a body cavity-based lymphoma, otherwise termed primary effusion lymphoma (pel), involving the atria of the heart of an hiv-seropositive patient. this is the first reported case of the involvement of the heart by this rare lymphoma. this hiv-related lymphoma represents a distinct b-cell malignancy associated with human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) infection. it is characterized by involvement of body cavities, with infrequent evidence of organ or bone marrow infiltration. ... | 2002 | 12140131 |
| angiosarcoma in a chronically immunosuppressed renal transplant recipient: report of a case and review of the literature. | angiosarcomas are rare malignant tumors of endothelial origin that occur predominantly in the adult population. to date, only 12 cases have been described after renal transplantation. we review the literature and present an additional case of a 59-year-old patient in whom lower-extremity lesions of cutaneous angiosarcoma developed several years after transplantation. of the 13 patients, clinical details were available in only 12 cases. there were 10 male and 2 female patients. the mean age at di ... | 2002 | 12142614 |
| update on kaposi's sarcoma and other hhv8 associated diseases. part 2: pathogenesis, castleman's disease, and pleural effusion lymphoma. | the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is better understood since the identification of the novel human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8), which can be found in all forms of ks. viral oncogenesis and cytokine-induced growth, as well as some states of immunocompromise, contribute to its development. several virally encoded genes--eg, bcl-2, interleukin 6, cyclin d, g-protein-coupled receptor, and interferon regulatory factor--provide key functions on cellular proliferation and survival. growth promotion of ... | 2002 | 12144897 |
| human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) detected in two patients with kaposi's sarcoma-like pyogenic granuloma. | to report the finding of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) in two patients with kaposi's sarcoma (ks)-like pyogenic granuloma. this form of pyogenic granuloma closely resembles ks histologically and it has been reported that immunohistochemistry in such lesions may be positive for smooth muscle actin and factor viii related antigen, which are typically negative in ks. in both patients the lesions were positive for cd31, cd34, smooth muscle actin, and factor viii related antigen, a profile typical of k ... | 2002 | 12147659 |
| cutaneous destombes-rosai-dorfman disease: absence of detection of hhv-6 and hhv-8 in skin. | we report three new cases of cutaneous destombes-rosai-dorfman disease (drdd). two were skin-limited, and one was associated with systemic involvement. in all cases typical large s100 positive macrophages with emperipolesis were present, but different patterns were seen. a viral etiology has long been suspected in drdd. | 2002 | 12150132 |
| viral interferon regulatory factor 1 of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus interacts with a cell death regulator, grim19, and inhibits interferon/retinoic acid-induced cell death. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) plays a significant role in the development of kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and some forms of multicentric castleman's disease. the kshv open reading frame k9 encodes the viral interferon (ifn) factor 1 (virf1), which downregulates ifn- and irf-mediated transcriptional activation, and leads to cellular transformation in rodent fibroblasts and induction of tumors in nude mice. using the yeast two-hybrid assay, we identified genes asso ... | 2002 | 12163600 |
| human herpesvirus 8 reactivation and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is the presumed etiologic agent of kaposi sarcoma (ks), the most common neoplasm in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. current evidence indicates hhv-8 is necessary, but not sufficient, for ks development without the involvement of other cofactors. one potentially important cofactor is human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). although hiv-1 is not essential for development of ks, studies have shown factors released from hiv-1-infected cells, includi ... | 2002 | 12171492 |
| the epidemiology of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in uganda. | as part of a larger investigation of cancer in uganda, we conducted a case-control study of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in adults presenting at hospitals in kampala. participants were interviewed about social and lifestyle factors and had blood tested for antibodies to hiv, kshv and hpv-16, -18 and -45. the odds of each factor among 60 people with conjunctival cancer was compared to that among 1214 controls with other cancer sites or types, using odds ratios, estimated with unconditiona ... | 2002 | 12177799 |
| transcription mapping and expression patterns of genes in the major immediate-early region of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | viral immediate-early (ie) genes are the first class of viral genes expressed during primary infection or reactivation from latency. they usually encode regulatory proteins that play crucial roles in viral life cycle. in a previous study, four regions in the kshv genome were found to be actively transcribed in the immediate-early stage of viral reactivation in primary effusion lymphoma cells. three immediate-early transcripts were characterized in these regions, as follows: mrnas for orf50 (kie- ... | 2002 | 12202233 |
| human herpesvirus-8-associated lymphoma of the bowel in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients without history of primary effusion lymphoma. | this report describes two cases of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8)-associated large cell lymphoma of the bowel in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive men. immunohistochemistry provides evidence of hhv-8 infection of the lymphoma cells (lna1+, vil-6+). in both cases, lymphoma cells were coinfected by the epstein-barr virus. one case was of b-cell lineage, but the second one was of null phenotype with isolated expression of the cd3 molecule. however, in the latter case, assessment of b- or t-c ... | 2002 | 12203218 |
| development of real-time nasba assays with molecular beacon detection to quantify mrna coding for hhv-8 lytic and latent genes. | human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) is linked to the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), and the hhv-8 dna load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) is associated with the clinical stage of ks. to examine the expression of hhv-8 in pbmc, four hhv-8 mrna specific nasba assays were developed | 2002 | 12207829 |
| kinetics of expression of rhesus monkey rhadinovirus (rrv) and identification and characterization of a polycistronic transcript encoding the rrv orf50/rta, rrv r8, and r8.1 genes. | rhesus monkey rhadinovirus (rrv) is a close relative of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv; human herpesvirus 8). rrv serves as an in vitro and an in vivo model for kshv, and the mapping of its transcription program during lytic replication is significant since it represents de novo infection in the absence of stimulation with phorbol esters. further, the rrv lytic system facilitates the making of recombinant viruses, and hence transcription profiling of the wild-type virus is importa ... | 2002 | 12208960 |
| detection of human herpesvirus 8 dna in serum from blood donors with hhv-8 antibodies indicates possible bloodborne virus transmission. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is associated with kaposi's sarcoma. there is a high seroprevalence of hhv-8 in several african countries, but the transmission route is not known definitively. in this study 174 serum samples from blood donors in tanzania were examined by immunofluorescence assays detecting antibodies to latent and lytic hhv-8 antigens. real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for detection and quantification of hhv-8 dna in serum. in all, 83/174 (48%) of the subjects had antibod ... | 2002 | 12210417 |
| no association between langerhans cell histiocytosis and human herpes virus 8. | 2002 | 12210448 | |
| development of kaposi's sarcoma at the site of a biopsy. | 2002 | 12213952 | |
| demonstration of human herpesvirus 8 in a case of primary vaginal epithelioid angiosarcoma by in situ hybridization, electron microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction. | we demonstrate the presence of human herpesvirsus 8 (hhv-8) in a primary vaginal location of angiosarcoma (as) by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), in situ hybridization, and ultrastructural direct visualization of viral particles. the latter two techniques for the first time confirm hhv-8 detection in an as by pcr; these results contribute to the debate caused by the controversial data produced by the almost exclusive use of pcr for investigating the possible presence of hhv-8 in as, and its pos ... | 2002 | 12218453 |
| quantification of human herpesvirus 8 by real-time pcr in blood fractions of aids patients with kaposi's sarcoma and multicentric castleman's disease. | few studies have assessed human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) viremia levels in different hhv8-related pathologies, using sensitive and reproducible molecular assays. our objective was to compare the hhv8 dna load in serial blood samples (collected every 3 months for 1 year) from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients with kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and multicentric castleman's disease (mcd). the hhv8 viral load was determined in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and plasma fractions, ... | 2002 | 12226828 |
| the seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 infection in the thai population. | the seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection in the thai population was investigated. sera from 1,018 human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1)-negative and 436 hiv-1-positive individuals were tested for antibodies to latent and lytic hhv-8 antigens by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using mixed recombinant orf hhv-8 proteins. the positive sera were further tested with recombinant hhv-8 protein expressed 293t cells by ifa. the ... | 2002 | 12236428 |
| [human herpesvirus-8 detection in kaposi's sarcoma, multiple myeloma, and lymphoproliferative syndromes occurring in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients]. | background: the purposes of this study were: to study the presence of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) in different kaposi's sarcoma (ks) epidemiological groups, multiple myeloma (mm), and immunodeficiency-associated lymphoid proliferations; to investigate the potential sexual transmission of hhv-8 by analyzing its presence in women from the general population, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositive women, and prostitutes; and to establish a reliable and efficient pcr strategy for the detect ... | 2002 | 12236982 |
| chronic lymphadenopathies and human herpes virus type 8. | human herpes virus type 8 (hhv-8) is predominantly associated with kaposi's sarcoma. nothing is known about its manifestation in primary infection. we report an hiv-negative patient with chronic polyadenitis and lymphocytosis that may have been related to a primary hhv-8 infection. | 2002 | 12238583 |
| functional dissection of latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus involved in latent dna replication and transcription of terminal repeats of the viral genome. | latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (lana1) of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is implicated in the maintenance of the viral genome during latent infection. lana1 colocalizes with kshv episomes on the host chromosome and mediates their maintenance by attaching these viral structures to host chromosomes. data from long-term selection of drug resistance in cells conferred by plasmids containing the terminal repeat (tr) sequence of kshv revealed that kshv trs and lana1 act as cis an ... | 2002 | 12239308 |
| the oncogenic potential of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus cyclin is exposed by p53 loss in vitro and in vivo. | expression of the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) cyclin d homolog, k cyclin, is thought to contribute to viral oncogenesis. we show that k cyclin expression in primary cells sensitizes to apoptosis and induces growth arrest, both of which are dependent on p53 but independent of e2f1 or p19(arf). dna synthesis, but not cytokinesis, continues in k cyclin-expressing cells, leading to multinucleation and polyploidy. such polyploid cells exhibit pronounced centrosome amplification and ... | 2002 | 12242155 |
| tracking familial transmission of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of latent nuclear antigen. | intra-familial transmission of kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv) is likely to occur in geographical regions where kshv infection is highly endemic. transmission has been studied previously indirectly using serological techniques, however direct documentation of specific transmission routes has yet to be reported. the internal repeat domain (ird) of the kshv opening reading frame (orf) 73 was shown previously to exhibit restriction-fragment length polymorphism (rflp). analysis of suc ... | 2002 | 12270662 |
| molecular biology of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | over the past twenty odd years, kaposi's sarcoma has launched from being a rare pathological curiosity to a significant public health concern. this massive increase in incidence, concurrent with the aids epidemic, has sparked a tremendous amount of interest in uncovering the etiopathogenesis of this disease. due to its striking association with hiv infection, researchers have focused on identifying a possible infectious agent as the cause of this disease. such an agent, termed kaposi's sarcoma-a ... | 2002 | 11815281 |
| transcriptional regulation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded oncogene viral interferon regulatory factor by a novel transcriptional silencer, tis. | viral interferon regulatory factor (virf) encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) has been shown to transform nih3t3 and rat-1 cells, inhibit interferon signal transduction, and regulate the expression of kshv genes. we had previously characterized the virf core promoter and defined a 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa)-responsive region in the upstream regulatory sequence of virf gene. here, we have further identified a novel transcriptional silencer, named tis in this ... | 2002 | 11821384 |
| a kaposi-like variant of splenic angiosarcoma lacking association with human herpesvirus 8. | we report the case of a kaposi-like variant of splenic angiosarcoma in a 28-year-old woman. the tumor featured a kaposi sarcoma-like spindle cell proliferation with slit formation and markedly dilated spongelike vascular channels filled with erythrocytes. thirteen months following the initial splenectomy, metastatic lesions were found in the patient's liver and bone marrow. the proliferating cells were positive for factor viii-associated antigen and cd34. the human herpesvirus 8 genome, which is ... | 2002 | 11825116 |
| detection of hhv-8 in reactive lymphoid tissue of patients from são paulo state, brazil. | 2002 | 11825934 | |
| highly sensitive assay for human herpesvirus 8 antibodies that uses a multiple antigenic peptide derived from open reading frame k8.1. | the immunodominant region of the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), the antibody-binding site of glycoprotein k8.1a, was mapped to the n-terminal region by using overlapping peptides and a residue replacement method. the main epitope was located within residues 44 to 56 (gqvyqdwl----c). based on this information, we developed an enzyme immunoassay to detect hhv-8 antibodies in human sera using a four-branch multiple antigenic peptide as the antigen. the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 96 ... | 2002 | 11825937 |
| monitoring of endogenous interferon-alpha and human herpesvirus 8 in hiv-infected patients with kaposi's sarcoma. | the incidence of aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma has declined since the mid-nineties due to the availability of potent antiretroviral therapy including protease inhibitors. however, kaposi's sarcoma is still the most common neoplasia in hiv-infected patients. in the pathogenesis of the hiv-associated as well as other forms of this disease an infectious agent seems to play a role, namely the human herpesvirus 8. even before the discovery of the hiv virus, high levels of an unusual acid-labile fo ... | 2002 | 11827836 |
| h2o2 induces a transient multi-phase cell cycle arrest in mouse fibroblasts through modulating cyclin d and p21cip1 expression. | to defend against the potential damages induced by reactive oxygen species, proliferating cells enter a transient cell cycle arrest. we treated mouse fibroblasts with h(2)o(2) and found that sublethal doses of h(2)o(2) induced a transient multi-phase cell cycle arrest at the g(1), s, and g(2) phases but not the m phase. western blot analysis demonstrated that this transient cell cycle arrest is associated with the down-regulation of cyclins d1 and d3 and up-regulation of the cki p21(cip1) expres ... | 2002 | 11827966 |
| differential expression of viral bcl-2 encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and human bcl-2 in primary effusion lymphoma cells and kaposi's sarcoma lesions. | expression of human herpesvirus 8 viral bcl-2 protein was demonstrated in spindle cells of late-stage kaposi's sarcoma lesions but not in primary effusion lymphoma cell lines. in contrast, strong expression of human bcl-2 was found in stimulated primary effusion lymphoma cells, whereas in kaposi's sarcoma lesions preferential mononuclear cells, and to a lesser extent spindle cells, stained positive. | 2002 | 11836434 |
| isolation and expression of three open reading frames from ovine herpesvirus-2. | ovine herpesvirus-2 (ovhv-2), a member of the gammaherpesviruses (genus rhadinovirus), asymptomatically infects its natural host, the sheep, but causes malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in susceptible hosts, such as cattle, deer and pigs. a permissive cell culture system for virus replication has not been identified but viral dna is present within lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls) established from cases of mcf. during this study, a cdna expression library generated from lcls was screened with sheep ... | 2002 | 11842248 |
| new insights into the viral theory of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: study on the possible role of kaposi's sarcoma-associated virus/human herpesvirus 8. | in the last few years, three new herpesviruses, hhv-6, -7 and -8, have been discovered, which share interesting biological characteristics for a possible role in the development of both neurological and lymphoproliferative diseases. in particular hhv-8, besides being strongly associated with kaposi's sarcoma, is related with several lymphoproliferative diseases. more recently, specific viral sequences belonging to hhv-8 have been detected in autoptic brain specimens from multiple sclerosis patie ... | 2002 | 11844899 |
| kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv) or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8). | 2002 | 11885938 | |
| high incidence of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-related non-hodgkin lymphoma in patients with hiv infection and multicentric castleman disease. | multicentric castleman disease (mcd) is a distinct type of lymphoproliferative disorder associated with inflammatory symptoms and interleukin 6 (il-6) dysregulation. in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, mcd is associated with kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, also called human herpesvirus type 8 (kshv/hhv8). within a prospective cohort study on 60 hiv-infected patients with mcd, and a median follow-up period of 20 months, 14 patients developed kshv/hhv8-associated ... | 2002 | 11895764 |
| the kshv latency-associated nuclear antigen: a multifunctional protein. | kaposi's sarcoma(ks)-associated herpes virus (kshv) or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is highly associated with ks, primary effusion lymphoma (pel), and multicentric castleman's disease, an aggressive lymphoproliferative disorder (1-3). most tumor cells are latently infected with kshv in which a small subset of viral genes are expressed (4-6). of these latently expressed genes, the latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana1, lna, or lna1) is the only protein consistently shown to be highly expressed ... | 2002 | 11861213 |
| analysis of the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) genome and hhv-8 vil-6 expression in archival cases of castleman disease at low risk for hiv infection. | lymph nodes from 44 patients with castleman disease (cd) without risk factors for hiv infection were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (pcr), in situ hybridization (ish), and immunohistochemical analysis for human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) and viral interleukin-6 (vil-6). pcr detected hhv-8 genome in 2 of 4 cases; ish detected it in 9 of 16 cases. hhv-8 vil-6 peptides were detected in 2 of 44 cases. vil-6- and ish-positive cells were found in large transformed and small lymphocytes of the foll ... | 2002 | 11863223 |
| prevalence trend and correlates of hhv-8 infection in hiv-infected patients. | to assess the circulation of human herpesvirus (hhv)-8 infection over the years, two seroprevalence surveys were conducted, which tested sera from hiv-infected individuals recruited 10 years apart (206 individuals from 1986 to 1988 and 177 individuals from 1997 to 1998). for all patients, antibodies to hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hhv-8 lytic and latent antigens were evaluated.hhv-8 seroprevalence was higher among individuals recruited in the 1990s (31.6% for anti-lytic, ... | 2002 | 11873080 |
| a case-control study of hiv-1-related dementia and co-infection with hhv-8. | this nested case-control study assessed the putative protective effect of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) against hiv-1-related dementia (dementia). the hhv-8 seropositivity of 210 male age- and hiv disease stage-matched cases and controls was compared. the overall hhv-8 seropositivity of 66% was similar among demented hiv-infected cases and nondemented hiv-infected controls. | 2002 | 12297590 |
| assessment of a combined testing strategy for detection of antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) in persons with kaposi's sarcoma, persons with asymptomatic hhv-8 infection, and persons at low risk for hhv-8 infection. | the performance of a human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) enzyme immunoassay (eia) and selective subsequent use of an hhv-8 immunofluorescence assay (ifa) was tested in persons unlikely to be infected with hhv-8 and those who had hhv-8 detected in their saliva. the ifa was performed on samples within a range of eia optical densities (0.15 to 0.35) where there was considerable overlap between hhv-8-infected and uninfected individuals. the sensitivity of the testing strategy was 88%, with a specificity of ... | 2002 | 12354890 |
| lessons from viral manipulation of protein disposal pathways. | 2002 | 12370262 | |
| musculoskeletal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. | musculoskeletal manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are common and are sometimes the initial presentation of the disease. knowledge of the conditions affecting muscle, bone, and joints in hiv-infected patients is essential for successful management. myopathies may be caused by pyogenic infection (eg, pyomyositis), idiopathic inflammation (eg, polymyositis), or drug effect (eg, azt myopathy). characteristic skeletal infections, such as tuberculosis and bacillary angiomatosis, ... | 2002 | 12374482 |
| pyothorax-associated large b-cell lymphoma: case report with emphasis on the potential diagnostic challenge. | a rare case of pyothorax-associated large b-cell lymphoma occurring in hong kong is reported. the patient was a 64-year-old chinese male who presented with shortness of breath and pleuritic pain. radiological examination revealed left pleural thickening associated with bilateral pleural effusion. open biopsy of the thickened parietal pleura revealed occasional large malignant lymphoid cells of b lineage admixed with fibrin and hyalinised fibrous tissue. these lymphoma cells were shown to harbour ... | 2002 | 12376714 |
| the herpesvirus saimiri open reading frame 73 gene product interacts with the cellular protein p32. | the role of the gamma-2 herpesvirus open reading frame (orf) 73 gene product has become the focus of considerable interest. it has recently been shown that the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana) is expressed during a latent infection and can modulate both viral and cellular gene expression. the herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) orf 73 gene product has some sequence homology to lana; however, the role of hvs orf 73 is unknown. we have previously demon ... | 2002 | 12388722 |
| [detection of hhv8 latent nuclear antigen by immunohistochemistry. a new tool for differentiating kaposi's sarcoma from its mimics]. | the purpose of this work was to study the value of hhv8 latent nuclear antigen 1 detection by immunohistochemistry in kaposi sarcoma and its mimics. | 2002 | 12410149 |
| complete genomic sequence of an epstein-barr virus-related herpesvirus naturally infecting a new world primate: a defining point in the evolution of oncogenic lymphocryptoviruses. | callitrichine herpesvirus 3 (calhv-3) was isolated from a b-cell lymphoma arising spontaneously in the new world primate callithrix jacchus, the common marmoset. partial genomic sequence analysis definitively identified calhv-3 as a member of the epstein-barr virus (ebv)-related lymphocryptovirus (lcv) genus and extended the known host range of lcvs beyond humans and old world nonhuman primates. we have now completed the first genomic sequence of an lcv infecting a new world primate by describin ... | 2002 | 12414947 |
| [detection of human herpes virus 8 in kaposi sarcoma using polymerase chain reaction and single stranded probe in situ hybridization with a tyramide signal amplification system]. | to study the relationship between kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and human herpes virus 8 (hhv8; kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus), and to develop an in situ hybridization (ish) technique effective for clinical pathological diagnosis. | 2002 | 12417086 |
| microarray-based detection and genotyping of viral pathogens. | the detection of viral pathogens is of critical importance in biology, medicine, and agriculture. unfortunately, existing techniques to screen for a broad spectrum of viruses suffer from severe limitations. to facilitate the comprehensive and unbiased analysis of viral prevalence in a given biological setting, we have developed a genomic strategy for highly parallel viral screening. the cornerstone of this approach is a long oligonucleotide (70-mer) dna microarray capable of simultaneously detec ... | 2002 | 12429852 |
| [acute vesicular eruption over the trunk]. | 2002 | 12433356 | |
| kaposi's sarcoma and human chorionic gonadotropin: mechanisms, moieties and mysteries. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a highly angiogenic neoplasm associated with infection by the human gamma-herpesvirus, hhv-8 or kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus (kshv). when in 1872 the hungarian scientist moritz kaposi described the sarcoma, which was later named after him, he was dealing with a rare dermatologic disease. today, ks is a more common pathology due to its high incidence in aids, in immuno-suppressed transplantation patients and, in its endemic form, in africa. the introduction of highly act ... | 2002 | 12437123 |
| human herpesvirus 8 investigations: a role in the clinical management of kaposi's sarcoma? | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a vascular tumour associated with infection by human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8). most of the recent studies on ks have focused on the epidemiology and molecular biology of hhv-8. however, the contribution of virological investigations into hhv-8 to the clinical management of ks has been poorly evaluated so far. from a diagnostic point of view, hhv-8 currently appears as a useful tool for distinguishing ks from its mimics. seroconversion to antibodies against hhv-8 may predict ... | 2002 | 12444327 |
| prospective study of the effects of antiretroviral therapy on kaposi sarcoma--associated herpesvirus infection in patients with and without kaposi sarcoma. | to investigate the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) on circulating kaposi sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus (kshv) load in hiv-infected individuals with and without ks. | 2002 | 12447008 |
| isolated pleural ptld after cardiac transplantation. | preamble: epstein-barr virus infection (ebv) and immunosuppression promote emergence of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (ptld) in patients undergoing organ transplantation. | 2002 | 12459436 |
| human herpesvirus-8 infection in hemodialysis patients from eastern taiwan--hualien. | human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) is the causative agent in kaposi's sarcoma (ks). uremic or hemodialysis patients are known to be highly susceptible to viral infection, and may be at increased risk of developing ks from the increased risk of exposure to hhv-8 infection. we collected 77 serum samples from hemodialysis patients and 207 serum samples from blood donors. serum samples were tested for hhv-8-specific immunoglobulin g by immunofluorescence assay. fifteen of 77 hemodialysis patients (19.5%) h ... | 2002 | 12476682 |
| [management of patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). report of an expert group]. | 2002 | 12545131 | |
| hyaline vascular castleman's disease: a case report and brief review of the literature. | we describe a 27-year-old female with a mesenterial localisation of the hyaline vascular type of castleman's disease. a review of the literature is given with emphasis on the different pathogenesis of the subtypes. the hyaline vascular type is a disorder of stromal cells, which can be complicated by the development of soft tissue sarcomas. the plasma cell type is a plasma cell disorder with elevated levels of interleukin-6 (il-6). in the multicentric type, infection with human herpes virus-8 (hh ... | 2002 | 12685494 |
| seropositivity of human herpesvirus-8 in patients with uveitis. | to explore the role of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) in the pathogenesis of uveitis and other forms of ocular inflammation. | 2002 | 12789595 |
| molecular analysis of human herpesvirus 8 by using single nucleotide polymorphisms in open reading frame 26. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) can be classified into distinct subtypes on the basis of sequence polymorphisms in several open reading frames (orfs). we analyzed the subtypes of hhv-8 in 59 human immunodeficiency virus-infected japanese patients by using polymorphisms in orf26 and found that over two-thirds of the hhv-8 isolates fell into major subtype a. we also found that single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) at nucleotide positions 1032 (c-to-a substitution) and 1055 (g-to-t substitution) in hh ... | 2003 | 12791871 |
| evidence for a recessive major gene predisposing to human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection in a population in which hhv-8 is endemic. | infection by human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), as measured by the presence of specific antibodies, was shown in countries in which hhv-8 infection is endemic to exhibit familial aggregation and a peculiar variation with age (rapid increase until puberty followed by a plateau in young adults). to investigate whether host genetic factors could explain these findings, a segregation analysis was performed of 81 families of african origin (1623 subjects; hhv-8 seroprevalence, 11.9%) living in a village in ... | 2003 | 12792871 |
| kaposi's sarcoma in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative patient treated with corticosteroid for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. | 2003 | 12793720 | |
| sustained high levels of serum hhv-8 dna years before multicentric castleman's disease despite full suppression of hiv with highly active antiretroviral therapy. | 2003 | 12799569 | |
| selective gene expression of latent murine gammaherpesvirus 68 in b lymphocytes. | intranasal infection of mice with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (mhv-68), a virus genetically related to the human pathogen kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, results in a persistent, latent infection in the spleen and other lymphoid organs. here, we have determined the frequency of virus infection in splenic dendritic cells, macrophages, and several b-cell subpopulations, and we quantified cell type-dependent virus transcription patterns. the frequencies of virus genome positive cells were m ... | 2003 | 12805429 |
| establishment and maintenance of gammaherpesvirus latency are independent of infective dose and route of infection. | gammaherpesviruses such as epstein-barr virus and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus are important human pathogens that establish long-term latent infections. understanding of the initiation and maintenance of latent infections has important implications for the prevention and treatment of gammaherpesvirus-related diseases. although much is known about gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis, it is unclear how the infectious dose of a virus influences its ability to establish latent infection. to exa ... | 2003 | 12805472 |
| virally encoded g protein-coupled receptors: targets for potentially innovative anti-viral drug development. | various herpes- and poxviruses contain dna sequences encoding proteins with homology to cellular chemokine receptors, which belong to the family of g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs). since gpcrs play a crucial role in cellular communication and chemokine receptors play a prominent role in the immune system, the virally encoded gpcrs may be crucial determinants of viral action. the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv, or human herpesvirus 8), implicated in the pathogenesis of kaposi's ... | 2003 | 12816350 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) infection of human fibroblast cells occurs through endocytosis. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) dna and transcripts have been detected in the b cells, macrophages, keratinocytes, and endothelial and epithelial cells of ks patients. in vitro, hhv-8 infects human b, endothelial, epithelial, and fibroblast cells, as well as animal cells, and the infection is characterized by (i) absence of lytic replication by the input virus and (ii) latent infection. for its initial binding to target cells, hhv-8 uses ubiquitous hep ... | 2003 | 12829837 |
| structural analysis of the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus k1 protein. | the k1 protein of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) efficiently transduces extracellular signals to elicit cellular activation events through its cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (itam). in addition, the extracellular domain of k1 demonstrates regional homology with the immunoglobulin (ig) family and contains conserved regions (c1 and c2) and variable regions (v1 and v2). to generate mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against the kshv k1 protein, balb/c m ... | 2003 | 12829846 |
| rituximab therapy for hiv-associated castleman disease. | to assess the clinical benefit of rituximab for hiv-associated castleman disease, 5 patients infected with hiv with histologic-proven castleman disease were prospectively enrolled to receive 4 infusions of rituximab. clinical and biologic parameters (c-reactive protein, cd19 cell count, kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [kshv] viral load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells) were assessed before and at different time points following rituximab infusions. two patients died very quickly after ... | 2003 | 12842986 |
| viruses as potential targets for therapy in hiv-associated malignancies. | epstein-barr virus or kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus--and, at times, both viruses--are present in the tumor cells of many hiv-associated malignancies. their presence provides potential therapeutic targets for adoptive immunotherapy with antigen-specific t cells, vaccines to induce specific t-cell responses, and pharmacologic therapies to kill tumor cells or alter their malignant phenotype. | 2003 | 12852651 |
| pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a disease characterized by proliferative vascular lesions, which almost invariably contain the ks-associated herpesvirus (kshv), also called human herpesvirus 8. kshv is a lymphotrophic and angiotrophic herpesvirus, whose genome encodes several proteins involved in proliferation, antiapoptotic functions, and inflammation. most ks spindle cells express latent kshv genes, but a few express lytic genes, which might be involved in angiogenic and paracrine mechanisms that con ... | 2003 | 12852653 |
| clinical presentations and standard therapy of aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma. | the treatment plan for a patient with aids-related ks should be based on tumor characteristics, control of hiv infection, comorbidities, and patient treatment goals (see table 1). institution of optimal antiretroviral therapy is an essential component of ks therapy. when available, enrollment in a clinical trial should be considered, except for patients who are naive to chemotherapy with symptomatic or life-threatening ks. for a patient with minimal, indolent cutaneous disease, after optimal con ... | 2003 | 12852654 |
| therapy of aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma: targeting pathogenetic mechanisms. | only a small number of the many agents with the potential to inhibit factors known to stimulate ks growth have been tested clinically, and many were investigated at a time when treatment options for hiv infection were relatively ineffective. the failure of some of these agents to induce ks regression may not signify failure to achieve a relevant biologic effect in all cases, but may simply mean that in a neoplasm that expresses a broad array of growth factors, inhibition of a single factor may b ... | 2003 | 12852655 |
| kaposi's sarcoma of the conjunctiva leads to a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 2003 | 12859274 | |
| aids-related kaposi's sarcoma: evaluation of potential new prognostic factors and assessment of the aids clinical trial group staging system in the haart era--the italian cooperative group on aids and tumors and the italian cohort of patients naive from antiretrovirals. | to assess potential new prognostic factors and to validate the aids clinical trials group (actg) for aids-related kaposi's sarcoma (aids-ks) staging system in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) era. | 2003 | 12885804 |
| prevalence and indicators of hiv and aids among adults admitted to medical and surgical wards in blantyre, malawi. | despite high seroprevalence there are few recent studies of the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) on hospitals in sub-saharan africa. we examined 1226 consecutive patients admitted to medical and surgical wards in blantyre, malawi during two 2-week periods in october 1999 and january 2000: 70% of medical patients were hiv-positive and 45% had acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids); 36% of surgical patients were hiv-positive and 8% had aids. seroprevalence rose to a peak among 30-4 ... | 2003 | 12886812 |
| kshv vflip binds to ikk-gamma to activate ikk. | when expressed in heterologous cells, the viral flip protein (vflip) of kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) has been reported both to block fas-mediated apoptosis and to activate the nf-kappab activation pathway by interaction with ikappab kinase (ikk). in a yeast-two-hybrid screen, we identified ikkgamma as an interacting partner of vflip. we expressed fragments of ikkgamma in mammalian cells and bacteria, and identified the central ccr3/4 (amino acids 150-272) as the vflip binding r ... | 2003 | 12890756 |
| kshv reactivation in post-transplant kaposi sarcoma. | 2003 | 12894151 | |
| human herpesvirus 8-associated diseases in solid-organ transplantation: importance of viral transmission from the donor. | 2003 | 12905148 | |
| the role of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus-8 regulator of transcription activation (rta) in control of gene expression. | the mechanisms that control the replication state, latency versus lytic, of human herpesviruses have been under intense investigations. here we summarize some of the recent findings that help define such mechanisms for kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus type 8 (kshv/hhv-8). for hhv-8, the viral regulator of transcription activation (rta) is a key mediator of the switch from latency to lytic gene expression in infected cells. rta is necessary and sufficient to drive hhv-8 l ... | 2003 | 12910252 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 transcriptional activator rta is an oligomeric dna-binding protein that interacts with tandem arrays of phased a/t-trinucleotide motifs. | kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv)/human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) encodes an immediate early transcriptional activator, rta, which mediates viral reactivation from latency and lytic viral replication. here we report the purification and characterizations of hhv-8 rta and its interaction with rta-responsive dna elements. the rta response element (rtare) in the promoter of the kshv/hhv-8 k8 open reading frame was mapped to a 47-bp sequence (rtare1) and a 60-bp sequence (rtare2) upstream o ... | 2003 | 12915555 |
| ccaat/enhancer-binding protein-alpha is induced during the early stages of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) lytic cycle reactivation and together with the kshv replication and transcription activator (rta) cooperatively stimulates the viral rta, mta, and pan promoters. | during the immediate-early (ie) phase of reactivation from latency, the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) replication and transcription activator protein (rta) (or orf50) is thought to be the most critical trigger that upregulates expression of many downstream viral lytic cycle genes, including the delayed-early (de) gene encoding the replication-associated protein (rap) (or k8). rap physically interacts with and stabilizes the cellular transcription factor ccaat/enhancer-binding pr ... | 2003 | 12915572 |
| surface downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class i, pe-cam, and icam-1 following de novo infection of endothelial cells with kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | under selective pressure from host cytotoxic t lymphocytes, many viruses have evolved to downregulate major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i and/or t-cell costimulatory molecules from the surface of infected cells. kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) encodes two proteins, mir-1 and mir-2, that serve this function during lytic replication. in vivo, however, kshv exists in a predominantly latent state, with less than 5% of infected cells expressing discernible lytic gene product ... | 2003 | 12915579 |
| multicenter comparison of serologic assays and estimation of human herpesvirus 8 seroprevalence among us blood donors. | as part of assessing the possibility of transfusion transmission of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8 or kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus), hhv-8 seroprevalence was estimated among us blood donors, the performance of hhv-8 serologic tests was compared, and the presence of hhv-8 dna was tested for in donated blood. | 2003 | 12919429 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-infected primary effusion lymphoma has a plasma cell gene expression profile. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is associated with three human tumors: kaposi's sarcoma, and the b cell lymphomas, plasmablastic lymphoma associated with multicentric castleman's disease, and primary effusion lymphoma (pel). epstein-barr virus, the closest human relative of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, mimics host b cell signaling pathways to direct b cell development toward a memory b cell phenotype. epstein-barr virus-associated b cell tumors are presumed to arise as a cons ... | 2003 | 12925741 |
| seroprevalence of hhv 8 antibodies among the general population and hiv positive persons in the czech republic. | the seroprevalence rates of herpesvirus 8 (hhv 8) antibodies were determined for the general czech population and hiv-positive individuals. | 2003 | 12927753 |
| productive lytic replication of a recombinant kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in efficient primary infection of primary human endothelial cells. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is linked to the development of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), a vascular spindle cell tumor primarily consisting of proliferating endothelial cells. although kshv has been shown to infect primary human endothelial cells and convert them into spindle shapes, kshv infection is largely latent, and efforts to establish a highly efficient and sustainable infection system have been unsuccessful. a recombinant kshv, bac36, that has high primary-infection efficien ... | 2003 | 12941882 |
| real-time pcr provides improved detection and titer determination of bacteriophage. | the plaque assay is the traditional method for the quantification of bacteriophage, particularly for lambda cloning vectors. unfortunately, this technique is fraught with procedural difficulties, and the quality of the data obtained from this "gold standard" assay may be inaccurate due to the subjective interpretation of the results. the application of quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) technology can address these issues and be a more accurate platform to evaluate phage growth conditions and qua ... | 2003 | 12951778 |
| human herpesvirus 8 infection and transfusion history in children with sickle-cell disease in uganda. | although human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), the etiologic agent for kaposi's sarcoma, can be detected in peripheral blood, blood-borne transmission of this virus has not been demonstrated. we studied the association between hhv-8 seropositivity and transfusion history among children with sickle-cell disease in uganda, where hhv-8 infection is common in blood donors. | 2003 | 12953087 |